VOLUME VII NUMBER 12University RecordAPRIL, 1903THE FORTY-SIXTH CONVOCATION.The Forty-sixth Convocation of the University was a special one, called for the purpose ofconferring the honorary degree of Doctor of Lawson Theodore Roosevelt, President of the UnitedStates. The exercises were held in Kent TheaterThursday afternoon, April 2, 1903, in the presence of a large audience which completely filledthe house. The President's paity reached thequadrangles shortly after 3 o'clock, and enteringthe grounds near Lexington Hall passed through along line of members of the faculty and studentsextending from Lexington avenue west to CobbHall and north and east to Kent Chemical Laboratory. Near the door a reviewing stand wasplaced, and from this the President reviewed theprocession of Trustees and Faculty as it filed intoKent Theater. As the distinguished guest enteredthe hall, he was received with enthusiastic applause.After prayer by the University Chaplain, President Harper made the following statement :THE PRESIDENT'S STATEMENT., Assembled today in special Convocation, we cordiallygreet the President of the United States and the eminentgentlemen who accompany him.We desire on this occasion to give formal and publicexpression to the honor in which we, in common withall men belonging to academic circles, hold our distinguished guests.Universities in all lands have judged it to be reasonable and right that tho,se men who, surpassing others innative genius and in devoted toil, have carried greatundertakings in letters and science to a successful issue,or in administration of affairs have rendered memorableservice to the commonwealth, should receive the meedof honors and distinctions, that they themselves may have the praise which is their due, and that the mindsof others may be roused to emulate their virtues and towin like fame.Once before in this same room we sat in similarassembly— a meeting long to be remembered. At thattime there sat with us as the guest of honor one who,"at a time of gravest crisis, when the weal, not only ofthe Republic, but of foreign states, was put in deepestperil, and the path of wisdom lay dark before the people,served each highest interest and, by his wisdom andforesight, out of confusion brought a happy ending."Let us at this time, in affection and gratitude, callagain to mind that simple, kindly, and sagacious manwho, in God's providence, was cut off in the midst ofhis days and in the fulness of his power, WilliamMcKinley.At this point the audience rose and remainedstanding, while the University band, stationedjust outside the hall, played in impressive mannerPleyel's Hymn.DEAN JUDSON'S ADDRESS.Dean Harry Pratt Judson then delivered thefollowing address on behalf of the University :LEADERSHIP IN A DEMOCRACY.In the immortal words of Abraham Lincoln, ourrepublic from its birth has been dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal. This modern doctrine of political equality implies, we say, equal rightsbefore the law and an equal share in political privileges.Government rests on the broad foundation of popularassent — the people are the source of law, the source ofjustice, the source of political authority. The sovereignis not the crowned king, but the regnant masses.This revolutionary conception of the nature of thestate is yet on trial — for a century is a mere episode inthe life of nations. Europe slowly and through convulsions has come to learn that governments which do notrest on the popular will are unstable as water. In ourown country the full force of the doctrine of the Declaration of Independence was but dimly apprehended bythe fathers of the republic, and our whole political historysince 1776 has been a painful working out of the thesisof Jefferson that free governments are the freely chosen305306 UNIVERSITY RECORDagents of a free and sovereign people. Privilege beforethe law has been hard to dislodge. The privilege of kingand parliament was the first and the easiest to root up;but there have been many Yorktowns since 1781. Theprivilege of the few to vote and to hold office has meltedaway in all the states. The privilege of the few to ownthe toil of the many yielded only to the solvent of bloodand fire. The privilege of organized wealth on the onehand and of organized labor on the other to exploit theliberty of the individual is one insidious danger of today.Can a democracy "establish justice," in the words of theconstitution, so far that the weak as well as the strong,may be safe?Again, is a democratic state able in internationalaffairs to be more than driftwood on the tide? In 1823,it is true, our voice sufficed to save South America fromthe fate of Naples. Is it still potent, ^eighty years later,to save the southern continent from the fate of Africa?Can a democratic republic hold to a continuous foreignpolicy, and defend it, if need be, with a strong hand?There can be no coherent policy in a democracy without continuous and strong leadership. Democracy, tolive, must learn the lesson of discipline, the lesson to follow in constructive achievement as well as in turbulentrevolt. Without wise leadership political democracytends to resolve society into its inorganic elements. Itbecomes an inert mass of helpless confusion — the easyprey of predatory activity within, and of exploitation byorganized and skilfully directed force from without.It is thorough organization and skilful leadershipwhich have given our country so many triumphs inindustry and finance. Organized labor flounders untilit evolves its own Lincoln and its own Grant to giveit prudent direction. Our captains of industry are carrying our commercial flag into every land. Economic triumphs demand and win their own generals and theirown statesmen.Leadership in a political democracy is not always theproduct of elections or the concomitant of official station.Natural environment, energy, circumstance — these markthe true leader. Buchanan was president, to be sure —as an energizing force he was a lump of clay. Lincolnwas a directive power which struck disunion with theunited energy of 20,000,000 people. The political bossis not a mere malign accident. He is a born leader ofmen behind whom a multitude gather because he is theman who knows how, and the man who can do.He cannot be dislodged by elegant rhetoric or bya fusillade of righteous indignation. He may be supplanted by another man who also knowsN^ow, andwho also can do, but in more abundant measure. Inshort, in politics, force must become incarnate in o^derto lead to achievement. "Peace on earth and good- willto men" would be but the platitude of philosophers, wereit not for the realization in the flesh of a personalitywhich has constrained men for ages. Truth has won nobattles, justice has created no social safety, righteousnessis imbecile, except as one and all are incarnate in forceful men.It is such men in whom lies the hope of political democracy. Their essence is simple and yet complex. Brains?Surely, there is no magnetism in a political cabbage.Courage? It is the elemental qualities which win thepeople — all men love a gallant fight against odds, and the man who dares, the man who believes in himself sothoroughly that he may be crushed, indeed, but neveryields, he is the man whom we all love. Lawrence, withhis "Don't give up the ship;" Paul Jones, with his "Ihave just begun to fight ;" Croghan, with his "Come andtake me ;" Old Hickory, with his toast at the nullificationbanquet, "The Federal Union: it must be preserved"—these are the men whose names thrill the American.Honesty? An elemental quality again— we love the fearless man, we trust the transparent soul— we know whereto "find it always. Lincoln won universal faith becausehe was honest to the core ; the people believed that whathe said that he meant, and were sure that he would do,within the limits of his power, exactly what he promised.But even with these strong qualities one may still failin that inexplicable something which determines themagnetic power of a true leader of the people — the something which makes a Jefferson, a Jackson, a Henry Clay,a Lincoln, a McKinley. There is a potency in persuasiveness, in practicability, which the more rugged fighterQften lacks. The giant Antaeus, son of earth, lost hisstrength and was easily crushed by Hercules when hisfeet left the ground. A popular leader who loses touchwith the people is a mere dreamer of dreams. His voiceno longer directs thought — he merely preaches to the air.There was a day when the absolute monarch seemedthe ideal of human greatness. The names of such arescattered throughout time — but their age has vanished.The masses below have surged to the surface — they willnot be denied — the age before us is the age of the freeand aspiring many. In such an age the strong man isthe leader of thought. He wins following by the constraint of a powerful mind and a virile character. Heappeals to reason and to the higher emotions. He looksfar into the future, and his constructive imagination isa lens through which the people may see clearly thingsas they are and as they are to be. His qualities must behigher than those of a despot. The freely followed leaderof a free people is greater far than emperor or king.Mr. President, it is in view of this ideal of leadershipin a political democracy that the Faculties of the University have united in recommending the highest academic honor for the chief magistrate of our republic.In close sympathy with college life, active in historicalscholarship, forceful in public affairs, dominated by anexalted patriotism, and by a still more exalted sense ofthe national honor, he represents that essential vitalityof sound politics which bids us not despair of therepublic. In behalf of the Senate and Faculties Ipresent Theodore Roosevelt for the degree of Doctorof Laws.In conferring the degree President Harpersaid:Theodore Roosevelt, scholar, soldier, statesman, chiefmagistrate of the republic: For effective service in theadvancement of the higher life of the nation ; for intelli;gence, integrity, and courage in the administration ofpublic affairs ; for tireless devotion to the public honorin the settlement of grave questions of social order anjdthe conservation of the vital interests of sister-republics' ;and especially for the dignity, fidelity, and unselfish devotion to the public good with which exalted duties,assumed at the summons of an appalling calamity, haveUNIVERSITY RECORD 307been successfully discharged: the Trustees of theUniversity of Chicago, on the recommendation of theUniversity Senate, admit you to the degree of Doctorof Laws in this University. In testimony whereof Inow present you with this hood which the degree conferred entitles you to wear ; and with this diploma ofthe University, duly signed and sealed ; and I bestowupon you all the honors, rights, and privileges here orelsewhere appertaining to the same. And may Godgi ant that you increase in wisdom and in virtue ; and inthe days to come, as in the past, cherish the republic anddefend her.The Exercises in Connection with the New Law School Building.Those present were then invited to march inprocession to the site of the new building of theLaw School to witness the laying of the cornerstone by President Roosevelt.In opening the exercises President Harpersaid :Members of the University and Friends:The event we are about to celebrate is one of highestinterest, both in view of its significance and in consideration of the attending circumstances. We are to lay thecorner-stone of a building erected for the purpose offostering an interest in the study of law. The school ofwhich this building shall become the home is the first ofthe many schools of law located in the middle westernand southern states — one of three in the country — torequire for graduation the possession of a college degree.It is a source of the greatest possible gratification to usthat the first stone, the great stone, the corner-stone,should be placed in its position by the chief magistrateof our republic.It is in order first of all to have recounted by theSecretary of the Board the articles placed in the boxinclosed within the corner-stone.Dr. Goodspeed, the Secretary of the Board ofTrustees, then read the following list of articlesdeposited in the box in the corner-stone :i. Photograph of President Roosevelt.2. Photograph of the Founder of the University.3. Photographs of members of the Law Faculty.4. Photograph of the building.5. The last Annual Register of the University.6. The Circular of Information of the Law School.7. The Annual Announcements of the Law School.8. The Law School number of the University Record.9. The list of students in the Law School for this, itsfirst year.10. The Chicago daily papers.11. The Maroon of Wednesday, April 1, 1903.12. The Monthly Maroon.13. The Decennial Souvenir Edition of the Universityof Chicago Weekly.14. A copy of the Regulations of the University.15. A copy of the minutes of the first meeting of theFaculty of the Law School.President Harper then . introduced the President of the United States in the following words : It is my privilege now to present to you one whocame to us three years ago. May I use again the wordsemployed on that occasion : "Some men we revere,some we admire, some we love. There are some whomwe revere and admire and love ; for we revere the statesman, we admire the hero, we love the man who is knownto be a good fellow." ' I present to you our Universitycolleague, our honored President.After performing the duties usual to the layingof the corner-stone, President Roosevelt madethe following address :Mr. President, men and women of the University, andyou, my fellow-citizens, people of the great city ofthe West:I am glad indeed to have the chance of being withyou this afternoon to receive this degree at the handsof President Harper, and in what I have to say there islittle that I can do save to emphasize certain pointsmade in the address of Mr. Judson.L speak to you of this University, to you who belongto the institution, the creation of which has so noblyrounded out the great career of mercantile enterprise andprosperity which Chicago not merely embodies, but ofwhich in a peculiar sense the city stands as symbolical.It is of vast importance to our well-being as a nationthat there should be a foundation deep and broad ofmaterial well-being. No nation can amount to anythinggreat unless the individuals composing it have so workedwith the head or with the hand for their own benefit aswell as for the benefit of their fellows in material ways,that the sum of the national prosperity is great. Butthat alone does not make true greatness or anythingapproaching true greatness. It is only the foundationfor it, and it is the existence of institutions such as this,above all the existence of institutions turning out citizensof the type which I know you turn out, that stands asone of the really great assets of which a nation can speakwhen it claims true greatness.GREATER THAN SCHOOL IS THE MAN.From this institution you will send out scholars, andit is a great and a fine thing to send out scholars to addto the sum of productive scholarship. To do that is totake your part in doing one of the great duties of civilization, but you will do more than that, for greater thanthe school is the man, and you will send forth men ; menwho will scorn what is base and ignoble ; men of highideals, who yet have the robust, good sense necessary toallow for the achievement of the high ideal by practicalmethods.It was one of our American humorists who, like alltrue humorists, was also a sage, who said that it waseasier to be a harmless dove than a wise serpent. Now,the aim in production of citizenship must not be merelythe production of harmless citizenship. Of course, it isessential that you should not harm your fellows, but if,after you are through with life, all that can be truthfullysaid of you is that you did not do any harm, it must alsotruthfully be added that you did no particular good.Remember that the commandment had the two sides,to be harmless as doves and wise as serpents ; to bemoral in the highest and broadest sense of the word ;to have the morality that abstains and endures, and also308 UNIVERSITY RECORDthe morality that does and fears, the morality that cansuffer and the morality that can achieve results — to havethat and, coupled with it, to have the energy, the powerto accomplish things which every good citizen must haveif his citizenship is to be of real value to the community.NEED OF HOMELY VIRTUES.Mr. Judson said in his address today that the thingswe need are elemental. We need to produce not genius,not brilliancy, but the homely, commonplace, elementalvirtues. The reason we won in 1776, the reason that inthe great trial from 1861 to 1865 this nation rang truemetal, was because the average citizen had in him thestuff out of which good citizenship has been made fromtime immemorial, because he had in him honesty, courage,common sense.Brilliancy and genius? Yes, if we can have themin addition to the other virtues. If not, if brilliant geniuscomes without the accompaniment of the substantialqualities of character and soul, then it is a menace to thenation. If it comes in addition to those qualities, thenof course we get the great general leader, we get theLincoln, we get the man who can do more than anycommon man can do. . But without it much can be done.The men who carried musket and saber in the armiesof the East and West through the four grim years whichat last saw the sun of peace rise at Appomattox hadonly the ordinary qualities, but they were pretty goodordinary qualities. They were the qualities which, whenpossessed as those men possessed them, made in theirsum what we call heroism. And what those men hadneed to have in time of war, we must have. in time ofpeace, if we are to make this nation what it shouldultimately become, if we are to make this nation in veryfact the great republic, the greatest power upon whichthe sun has ever shone.FIRST OF ALL, HONESTY.And no one quality is enough. First of all is honesty— remember that I am using the word in its broadest signification — honesty, decency, clean living at home, cleanliving abroad, fair dealing in one's own family, fair dealing by the public. And honesty is not enough. If a man is never sohonest, but is timid, there is nothing to be done withhim. In the Civil War you needed patriotism in thesoldier, but if the soldier had the patriotism, and yet feltcompelled to run away when that was needed, he was notof much use.Together with honesty you must have the second ofthe virile virtues, courage; courage to dare, courage towithstand the wrong and to fight aggressively and vigorously for the right.And if you have only honesty and courage, you mayyet be an entirely worthless citizen. An honest and valiant fool has but a small place of usefulness in the bodypolitic. With honesty, with courage, must go common-sense: ability to work with your fellows, ability whenyou go out of the academic halls to work with the menof this nation, the millions of men who have not anacademic training, who will accept your leadership onjust one consideration, and that is if you show yourselfin the rough work of actual life fit and able to lead, andonly so.You need honesty, you need courage, and you needcommon-sense. Above all you need it in the work to bedone in the building the corner-stone of which we laidtoday, the law school out of which are to come the menwho at the bar and on the bench make and construe, andin construing make, the laws of this country; the menwho must teach by their actions to all our people thatthis is in fact essentially a government of orderly libertyunder the law.*""* ADVICE TO STUDENTS.Men and women, you the graduates of this university,you the undergraduates, upon you rests a heavy burdenof responsibility ; much has been given to you ; much willbe expected from you. A great work lies before you.If you fail in it you discredit yourselves, you discreditthe whole cause of education. And you can succeed andwill succed if you work in the spirit of the words andthe deeds of President Harper and of those men whomI have known so well who are in your faculty today.I thank you for having given me the chance to speakto you.UNIVERSITY RECORD 309THE LAW SCHOOL.I. THE FACULTY.WILLIAM RAINEY HARPER, Ph.D., D.D., LL.D., President of the University.JOSEPH HENRY BE ALE, Jr., A.M., LL.B., ProfessorofLaw; Dean of the Law School.FLOYD R. MECHEM, A.M., Professor of Law.ERNST FREUND, J.U.D., Ph.D., Professor of Law.HORACE K. TENNEY, A.B, LL.B., Professor of Law.JULIAN WILLIAM MACK, LL.B., Professor of Law.CLARKE BUTLER WHITTIER, A.B., LL.B., Professor of Law.JAMES PARKER HALL, A.B., LL.B., Professor of Law.HON. HENRY VARNUM FREEMAN, A.M., Lecturer on Legal Ethics.CHARLES E. KREMER, Lecturer on Admiralty Law.HON. FRANCIS WARNER PARKER, A.B., LL.B., Lecturer on Patent Law.SAMUEL WILLISTON, A.M., LL.B., Lecturer on Federal Jurisdiction ; Professor of Law,Harvard University.GEORGE R. PECK, A.M., LL.D., Lecturer on Railroad Law.FRANK F. REED, A.B., Lecturer on Copyright and Trade Marks.JOHN M. ZANE, A.B., Lecturer on Law of Mining and Irrigation.PERCY B. ECKHART, Ph.B., LL.B., Lecturer on Carriers.BRUCE WYMAN, A.M., LL'B., Assistant Prof essor of Law, Harvard University (SummerQuarter, 1903).FREDERICK WILLIAM SCHENK, Librarian.II. INTRODUCTORY.ORGANIZATION AND PURPOSE.The organization of the Law School of the University of Chicago in 1902 presented the problem of theproper adjustment between academic and professionalwork. At that time none of the law schools in themiddle West * required for admission more than thecompletion of a high-school course, and the great majority of law students were not men of academic training. On the other hand, the two foremost law schoolsin the country had just raised, or were about to raise,the standard of admission to the requirement of a college degree. The great value of a thorough liberaleducation as an aid to the successful prosecution ofprofessional studies, and in giving a higher meaningand interest to the practice of a learned profession, isuniversally recognized, and experience has shown thatthe higher standards appeal to a large and growingconstituency in the country. The University of Chicago, while conceding that law schools of the pre vailing type are and for a considerable time will continue to be a necessity, also understood that its position and its resources gave it an opportunity, andmade it its duty, to adopt the highest standard oflegal education and to establish its Law School uponthe foundation of academic work. It was at the sametime recognized that no substantial sacrifice of theprinciples thus adopted would be entailed if the lastyear of college work were allowed to count as the firstyear of professional work. Professional work properly conducted has much the same cultural value asacademic work, and six years in the aggregate ofacademic and professional work should satisfy fullythe demand for a liberal education. The first year oflaw-school work, moreover, presents an admirableform of intellectual training, and it deserves to counttoward the bachelor's degree.It was, therefore, decided to require for admission*With one exception, viz.. the College of Law, Ohio State University, which requires two years of preliminary college work.310 UNIVERSITY RECORDto the Law School the completion of three years ofcollege work, and to confer the bachelor's degree oncompletion of the first year of Law-School studies.The requirements of the second and third years beinggraduate work, it seemed proper to grant to studentscompleting the curriculum the degree of Doctor ofLaw, (J.D.) This particular degree was chosen afterconsultation with the other graduate law schools ofthe country, and in the expectation of its futureadoption by them. * The Law School admits as specialstudents persons iwenty-one years of age and overwho have not complied fully with the regular admission requirements. Under certain conditions (specified below), special students who maintain a highstanding may be granted the degree of LL.B. By requiring a specially high quality of work of this classof students, a check will be placed upon the indiscriminate admission of special students, and the character of the school as a graduate school will besustained.The education of law students should include instruction in History, Economics, and Political Science.From this point of view the requirement of previousacademic work is of particular value ; for the studentneeds his entire three years for the professional work,The acquisition of an adequate law library wasessential to the organization of the Law School, asinstructors and students were expected to carry ontheir work on the University grounds independentlyof the library of the Law Institute. in the CountyCourt House — a year ago the only well-furnished lawlibrary in the city of Chicago. An appropriation of$50,000 being immediately available, the work ofselecting and buying books was undertaken at onceand in the main accomplished by October first.The plan was to get as complete as possible a collection of books on the common law, and a workinglibrary in foreign law. The latter — to consist of "thecodes, reports of highest courts, and principal treatisesof the important European countries — is in course ofbeing purchased, and will, it is hoped, be on theshelves by the end of the summer.The books of the common law are divided into iivemain groups: reports of cases, statutes, text-books,periodicals, and trials, biographies and legal miscellany.With regard to reports of cases— the main repository of the common law — the purpose was to get acomplete collection of authorities, and this has beensubstantially carried out. The reports are of all and having once entered upon this work, is rarelywilling to give much time to studies which have nodirect bearing on the practice of law. Provision has,therefore, been made for a "pre-legal" curriculum inthe third year of the college course, devoted chieflyto Political Economy and American and English Constitutional History. The student will thus begin thestudy of law with some knowledge of the foundationof legal principles in historical tradition and economica,nd social requirements.While the Law School regards it as its first and foremost vocation to train lawyers, it understands thatits duty to the University requires it to cultivate legalscience in its less practical aspects. Opportunity,therefore, will be given for the pursuit of graduatestudies in Systematic and Comparative Jurisprudence,Legal History, and Principles of Legislation. Thisbranch of the work of the Law School will be closelyaffiliated with the work of the Departments of History, Political Economy, Political Science and Sociology.The Law School was opened on October 1, 1902, andwith the Summer Quarter of 1903 will begin the second year of its work.English-speaking and British-governed jurisdictionsAmerican, English, Scotch, Irish, and colonial. TheSouth African reports — valuable on account of theconnection with the Roman-Dutch law — are extremelyscarce, the available supply having been destroyed byfire a few years ago, and have not yet been secured.The Australian reports — valuable because theAustralian colonies have been leading in some important branches of legislation — had to be purchasedin part at high prices. The reports of the highercourts of India have likewise been obtained. TheScotch, Irish, and Canadian reports are absolutelycomplete, and the English reports lack only a fewvery rare and high-priced collateral issues. Many ofthe English reports are in duplicate. The Americanreports cover all the federal and state decisions, andas the library has all the principal collections ofselected cases and the unofficial series of reports,many of the authorities are in duplicate or eventriplicate. The reports are in every case accompaniedby the digests, giving a clue to the cases and makingthem available for use.The statutory law is divided into codes and statutory revisions, and the annual session laws of the different legislative bodies.THE LIBRARY.UNIVERSITY RECORD 311The collection of codes and revisions is practicallycomplete, and together with the session laws subsequently enacted, makes it possible to ascertain theexisting statute law of every English-speaking jurisdiction. The interest of the session laws antedatingthe revisions now in force is partly practical, in so faras they explain earlier decisions, and to a greaterextent historical, as showing the development of legislation. The historical department possesses a valuable collection of early colonial laws and of laws ofthe southern states of the period of the Confederacy.It was hoped that it would be possible to make thecollection of American session laws complete or nearlyso, but the plan had to be abandoned on account ofthe expense, the prices of the early laws of some ofthe states and territories (especially Indiana Territory,Oregon, Utah, and New Mexico) being prohibitive.However, some prizes have been secured, among othersthe very rare volumes of early Illinois laws and Pope'scompilation of 1815, in perfect condition. Of manystates the session laws are complete; of most statesthey run back fifty to seventy-five years, and of nearlyI. ADMISSION TO THE PRE-LEGAL COURSE.A student, to be admitted to the pre-legal course,must be qualified for admission to the Senior Collegesof the University in accordance with the statementsin the University Regulations, Article IV : "Admission," section 3. §1. "Students entering the University from certain approved institutions in whichthey have completed two full years of work are admitted at once to the Senior Colleges." §2. "Dulyaccredited graduates of state normal schools maintaining courses of study extending two years beyondthe standard high-school courses, as determined bythe state universities concerned, may be admitted tothe Senior Colleges on conditions essentially the sameas those extended to students from approved institutions, except that credit is given only for work of anacademic or disciplinary nature, exclusive of strictlyprofessional work." §3. "Students entering from theabove institutions with the credits stated in 1 and 2present the customary letters of honorable dismissal,and a certificate in the case of each applicant that hisstanding is fully up to the average standing of hisclass." all they are complete from the earliest revision todate. It is hoped that at some time it may be possibleto complete this interesting and increasingly valuablecollection.In the matter of treatises, all standard English andAmerican works are on the shelves, and the aim of thelibrary is to get a full set of old English treatises.The principal and many minor periodicals are foundin the library in full sets.It has been impossible for lack of funds to make. extensive purchases in the field of legal biography andmiscellany, but the library owns a nearly complete setof the Central Sessions Cases, the records of the trialsin England for nearly two centuries, and a great manyother volumes of interesting trials. It is hoped thatother departments of the University will avail themselves of these records for the study of crime, criminal psychology, and social conditions.The number of volumes in the library is upward of20,000. All current issues are being kept up, and it isexpected that there will be available for the regularincrease of the library at least $2,500 annually.II. ADMISSION TO THE PROFESSIONAL COURSE.Admission to the professional course is granted :1) To all students who have successfully completedthe pre-legal course.2) To all students who are entitled to admission tothe Graduate Schools in accordance with the University regulations (the Bachelor's degree from approved institutions is accepted without investigationas equivalent to that of the University), and to all students who are entitled to admission to the Senior Colleges with nine Majors' (the regular amount of one year'sWork) advanced standing. This latter requirementis usually equivalent to three years of college work.3) Students from other law schools in good standing who are otherwise qualified to enter, receive creditfor work done at such law schools, corresponding inamount and value to the work offered by this school.All students entering the professional course of theLaw School without having taken the pre-legal coursemust give satisfactory evidence of adequate knowledgeof English and American constitutional history andcivil government, or must acquire that knowledgeduring the Law School course.REQUIREMENTS FOR ADMISSION.A student enters the Law School either at the beginning of the pre-legal course or at the beginning of theprofessional course. Every student entitled to enter the professional course may at his option begin his workwith the pre-legal course.312 UNIVERSITY RECORDIII. ADMISSION OF SPECIAL STUDENTS.Candidates for admission to the Law School asspecial students (1) must be at least twenty-one (21)years of age; (2) must show good reason for notentering upon a regular course ; (3) must satisfy theDean and the particular instructors under whom theyTHE UNIVERSITY YEAR.The system of dividing the academic work intoquarters is adopted for the Law School. The quartersare designated as the Summer, Autumn, Winter, andSpring Quarters, beginning respectively in 1903 and1904 on June 17, Oct. 1, Jan. 1, and April 1. A recessof one week occurs between the end of each quarterand the beginning of the next except that there is noThe College of Arts,, Literature, and Science grantsthe degree of A.B., Ph.B., or S.B. to Law students whohave successfully completed the first year of the professional curriculum of the Law School, and who havesatisfied the academic requirements for the Bachelor'sdegree.*The degree of Doctor of Law, J.D., is granted tostudents who, having obtained previously the degreeROUTINE OF ENTRANCE.Applications should be addressed to The Universityof Chicago, Chicago, 111. If the student coming fromanother institution holds a degree, he should presenthis diploma ; if he does not hold a degree, he shouldbring his letter of dismissal and a card of admissioncredits. These documents should be presented at theoffice of the Dean of the Law School. Detailed directions will be furnished in the Dean's office as to themode of matriculating and registering for courses ofinstruction desired.FEES FOR MATRICULATION, TUITION, ETC.1. Matriculation Fee. — The matriculation fee is $5,and is required of every student on entrance to theUniversity. It is payable but once.2. Tuition Fee. — The fee for tuition is $50 aquarter, ($25 for a term) for the professional curriculum, and $40 a quarter for the pre-legal curriculum.This fee is for regular work, three Majors or theirequivalent. There will be no reduction to those* See The Annual Register, 1901-2, pp. 74-6. desire to study that they are prepared to carry thecourses elected,.Special students conform to all regulations ofthe University, and, having been admitted, their continuance depends on the maintenance of a satisfactorystanding. They are admitted as candidates fordegrees only as stated below under " Degrees."recess between the end of the Spring and the beginning of the Summer Quarter, and that there is a recessof about a month at the end of the Summer Quarter.MAJORS AND MINORS.Courses of instruction are arranged upon the basisof Majors and Minors. A Major (Mj) — 4 or 5 hoursinstruction a week for the quarter. A Minor (M) =one-half the amount of the work of a Major.of A.B., Ph.B., or S.B., successfully complete the professional curriculum.Special students are not received as candidates forthe degree of J.D. If qualified for admission to theJunior Colleges, they may be accepted as candidatesfor the degree of LL.B. The degree is granted onlyif the candidate maintains a high standing in hiswork.taking less than the regular work but more thanone Major. A reduction is made in case of studentstaking only one Major (or equivalent), one-half of thefull tuition fee being charged.Students in the Colleges or Graduate Schools ofArts, Literature, and Science pay a special fee of $5.00for each Major course in the Law School for whichthey register.3. Diploma and Certificate Fees. — The charge forthe diploma of the University is $10, and the certificate $5.4. Payment of Bills. — All tuition fees are due andpayable on or before the first day of each quarter.They are payable to the Registrar, Cobb Lecture Hall,Room Al.ROOMS, BOARD, AND GENERAL EXPENSES.Nine dormitories have thus far been erected in thequadrangles. Two of these are reserved for thestudents of the Divinity School and four are forwomen. A University House is organized in eachdormitory ; each House has a Head, appointed by theARRANGEMENT OF COURSES.DEGREES.GENERAL INFORMATION.UNIVERSITY RECORD 313President of the University, and a House Committeeelected by the members; also a House Counselor,selected from the Faculties of the University by themembers of the House. The membership of theHouse is determined by election, and each House isself-governing under the general control of the University Council.The cost of rooms in the dormitories is from $14.00to $75.00 per quarter of twelve weeks. This includesheat, light, and care. Each hall for women has itsown dining hall and parlors. The cost of table boardin these halls is $42.00 a quarter.All applications for rooms, or for information concerning rooms and board, within or without thequadrangles, should be made to the Registrar.For further details see special circulars as to roomsand board, which will be sent on application.The following table will furnish an estimate of theannual expenses for thirty-six weeks of a student inhe University residing within the quadrangles : $150 00 $350 00105 00 175 00126 00 225 0025 00 35 0035 00 50 00LOWEST. AVERAGE. LIBERAL.University bill, professionalcurriculum* $150 00Rent and care of room 60 00Board , 100 00Laundry 15 00Text-books and stationery 25 00$350 00 $441 00 $635 00It is believed that students who find it necessaryto reduce expenses below the lowest of these estimatescan do so. Rooms outside the quadrangles, furnished,with heat, light, and care, may be obtained at from$1.00 a week upwards, the $1.00 rate being easilysecured where two students room together. Manyplaces offer room and board from $4.50 upwards.There are student clubs which secure board at cost,the rate during the past year ranging from $2.75 to$3 50 a week. A list of approved boarding places outside the quadrangles is kept on file at the InformationOffice, Cobb Lecture Hall, and information regardingthem may there be obtained.III. THE CURRICULUM.The curriculum of the Law School covers one year of pre-legal studies, and a three years' course of professional law studies.THE PRE-LEGAL CURRICULUM.The pre-legal curriculum in the first year of theSenior Colleges (the third year of the college course)is intended to direct the college work of those whoexpect to devote themselves to law, to studies which,without being professional, are related to jurisprudence, or otherwise are of special value and interest tothe future lawyer.The following courses are required :Principles of Political Economy, 2 MajorsConstitutional and Political History of Englandto the reign of Edward I., 1 MajorConstitutional and Political History of Englandfrom the reign of Edward I. to the Revolution of 1688, 1 MajorConstitutional History of the United States to1815, 1 MajorConstitutional History of the United States since1815, 1 Major The three remaining Majors the student is advisedto select from the following list of courses :Finance.Financial History of the United States.Accounting.Money and Practical Economics.Technique of Trade and Commerce.Constitutional History of England since 1688.Europe in the Nineteenth Century.Comparative National Government.Federal Government.Comparative Politics.Municipal Government.Primitive Social Control.Criminology.History of Political Ethics.Logic.Students are expected to have had the usual coursein Civil Government in the United States (Department of Political Science, Course 1) before enteringupon the pre-legal Work ,' if not they must make upthat course during the pre-legal year.THE PROFESSIONAL CURRICULUM.In order to obtain the professional degree, a student being the last quarter before graduation) must haveis required to take twenty-seven Majors, or their equiva- been spent in residence at the University of Chicagolent, distributed over nine quarters of Law-School Law School.work, of which at least three quarters (one of them A first-year student may not take more than three?Tuition fee in the pre-legal curriculum amounts to $120 for thirty-six weeks.314 UNIVERSI1 Y RECORDMajors, and a second- or third-year student may nottake more than three and one-half Majors in any onequarter without the consent of the Dean.The work of the first year is required. Second- andthird-year courses are elective and may be distributedover the two years without fixed requirement of succession.Students are expected to give their whole time to their work in the Law School, and are not encouragedto work in law offices during term time.By continuing work in the summer quarters (whichwill leave one month vacation in September), thethree years' course may be completed in two years andone quarter.Courses in the Colleges and the Graduate Schoolsof Arts, Literature, and Science are open to the students of the Law School without extra charge.The Professional Curriculum includes at present the following courses :FIRST YEAR COURSES.1. Contracts. — Mutual assent and the necessity of itscommunication; offers and their expiration orrevocation ; necessity of consideration ; requisites of contracts under seal ; rights of beneficiaries and assignees; joint and several contracts ; alternative contracts ; conditional contracts; illegality, impossibility, duress, anddischarge of contracts or causes of*action arisingunder them by rescission, novation, accord andsatisfaction, release, and other means. 2 Mj.Professor Whittier.2. Torts. — Trespass; excuse; conversion; defamation ; malicious prosecution ; interference withsocial and business relations; legal cause;negligence ; duties of landowners ; animals ;hazardous occupations ; deceit. 1% Mj.Professor Hall.Text-book : Ames and Smith, Cases on Torts,Vols. I and II.In 1902-3 this course was given as lJ^Mj.3. Property, I. — Real and personal property; tenures ;uses and trusts; joint ownership; estates, remainders, executory limitations; common lawassurances and conveyances under the statuteof uses; limited interests in land; naturalservitudes ; easements ; covenants as to use ;public rights ; franchises; rents. 1J^ Mj.Professor Freund.Text-books : Kirchwey, Readings in the Lawof Real Property; and Gray, Cases on Property,Vol. II.4. Agency. — Nature of relation; appointment; liabilities of principal ; liabilities of agent ; par ties to writings; undisclosed principal; obligations between principal and agent; delegation of agency; termination of agency; ratification. IJ^Mj.Professor Mechem.In 1902-3 this course was given by ProfessorHall.5. Pleading. — Common law pleading with reference-to code pleading and equity pleading. The^necessary allegations for various causes of action ; the demurrer ; the methods of pleadingdefenses, whether in denial or by way of confession and avoidance ; replications ; duplicity ;;departure ; new assignment ; and motions basedon the pleadings. ^ Mj.„Professor Whittier.6. Criminal Law. — The criminal act: complete andincomplete acts, consent, condonation and contributory fault of injured party. Criminal intent: specific and constructive intent, negligence. Circumstances affecting intent : insanity,intoxication, coercion, infancy, ignorance or mistake. Justification : authority, defence, necessity, etc. Parties in crime: agency, innocent:agents, joint principals, accessories. Jurisdictionover crimes. Crimes against the person, especiallymurder and manslaughter. Larceny and kindred offenses. Indictment. Former conviction.or acquittal. Mj..Professor Beale.Text-book : Beale, Cases on Criminal Law.In Spring Quarter 1904 Criminal Law will begiven as lJ^Mj.UNIVERSITY RECORD 315SECOND AND THIRD YThese courses are elective, and may be taken without requirement <starred (*) courses to the third year.7. Persons. — Infancy: period of infancy; voidableacts, disaffirmance, ratification ; contracts fornecessaries ; obligations created or authorizedby law ; liability for tort ; guardian and ward. —Marriage : promise to marry; marriage contractat common law and under statutes; rights ofhusband and wife in each other's property;status of married women ; transactions betweenhusband and wife ; torts affecting marital relations ; separation ; divorce. — Parent and Child : *-• gcustody; services and earnings ; torts to children ; torts by children ; adoption ; bastardy.Mj.Professor Freund.Text-book : Woodruff, Cases on DomesticRelations.8. Conveyancing. — Essentials of a deed: signing,sealing, delivery; priority, notice, and record;leases ; covenants for title ; estoppel ; the property conveyed ; original acquisition ; acquisitionby lapse of time. Mj.Professor Freund.Text-book : Gray, Cases on Property, Vol. III.[Not to be given in 1903-4.]13. Damages. — Nature of subject: nominal and substantial, compensatory and exemplary, general 20.and special, present and prospective, direct andconsequential, liquidated and unliquidated damages. — Damages for non-payment of money, forbreach of contracts respecting personal property, real estate, and personal services. — Damages in action against carriers, telegraph companies, etc.; damages for causing death, for injuries to property, for personal injuries, slander, "!•libel, false imprisonment, malicious prosecution,etc.; costs and expenses as damages; pecuniarycircumstances of the parties as affecting theamount of damages ; aggravation and mitigationof damages ; excessive or insufficient damages.Mj.Professor Mechem.Text-book : Mechem, Cases on Damages.This course will be given as a Minor by Professor Beale. Summer Quarter, 1903. ^o15. Evidence. — The nature of evidence; the jury;judicial notice ; burden of proof ; presumptions ;admissions ; law and fact ; rules of exclusionsuch as those against misleading or unimportant :ar courses.l fixed succession. Students are recommended to postponematters, character evidence, confessions and hearsay, with their exceptions; opinion evidence;real evidence ; writings including proof of theirexecution and of their contents and the " parolevidence " rule ; the competency, privilege, andexamination of witnesses. l^Mj.Professor Whittier.Text-book: Thayer, Cases in Evidence(second edition).Wills and Future Interests. — Survival of rightsand liabilities ; rights subject to testamentarydisposition ; intestate succession ; dispositions incontemplation of death ; testamentary capacity ;execution, alteration, revocation, and revival ofwills. Probate and administration; executors andadministrators ; priority of claims ; assets ; payment of legacies and distribution. Constructionand validity : elementary rules, mistakes ; voidand lapsed gifts, ademption ; life estate, fee, andfee tail ; contingent remedies and executorydevises ; rule against perpetuities, conditions*and restraints on alienation. IKMj.Professor Freund.Text-books: Gray, Cases on Property, Vol.IV and parts of Vols. V and VI.Equity I (Torts).— General scope of jurisdiction ;bills of peace ; interpleader ; bills quia timet andto remove cloud on title ; waste ; nuisance ; interference with business relations. lj^Mj.Professor Hall.Text-book : Keener, Cases on Equity Jurisdiction, Vol. I.Equity II (Contracts).— Nature of jurisdiction;specific performance of contracts; affirmativecontracts; negative contracts; third persons;legal consequences of right of specific performance; partial performance; statute of frauds;defenses; mutuality. DM.Ppofessor Beale.Text-book: Ames, Cases on Equity Jurisdiction, Vol. I.This course will not be given in 1903-4.Trusts.— Nature and requisites of a trust; express, resulting, constructive trusts ; charitabletrusts; appointment and office of trustee; natureof cestui que trust's interest; transfer of trustproperty by trustee or by cestui que trust; cestui316 UNIVERSITY RECORDque trusts interest as affected by marriage,judgment, and bankruptcy; duties of trusteeregarding execution of trust and investment oftrust funds ; extinguishment of trust, removal,resignation, accounting. l^Mj.Professor Mack.Text-book : Ames, Cases on Trusts.29, Equity Pleading. — Origin of equity procedure;bills; answers; replications, etc.; demurrers;pleas; cross-bills; discovery; purchase for value;relief; production of documents. 3^Mj.Professor Beale.*30. Suretyship and Mortgages. — The kinds of suretyship ; effect of statute of frauds ; the surety's defenses arising from original defects in his obligation or subsequent discharge of it ; the surety'sright to subrogation, indemnity, contribution orexoneration ; the creditor's right to surety's securities. Nature and essential element of legaland equitable mortgages; common law andequity relations including the effect on legaltitle and the right to possession ; the equity ofredemption and its protection ; assignment anddischarge of mortgages. l^Mj.Professor Whittier.40. Sales. — Subject-matter of sale; executory andexecuted sales; bills of lading and jus dispo-nendi; stoppage in transitu; fraud; factors;acts; warranty and remedies for breach ofwarranty; Statute of Frauds. IJ^Mj.Professor Mechem.In 1902-3 this course was given by ProfessorHall.41. Bills and Notes. — Formal requisites ; acceptance;indorsement ; transfer ; extinguishment ; obligations of parties; checks; diligence; theNegotiable Instruments Law. lJPIj.Professor Hall.Text-book : Ames, Cases on Bills and NotesVols. I and II.In 1902-3 this course was given by ProfessorMack.42. Carriers. — Historical introduction : nature andkinds of public service and duties regardingtraffic facilities ; common carriers of goods andpersons; liability, when it begins and ends;limitation of liability ; bills of lading ; stoppage in transitu; connecting carriers; actionsagainst common carriers; tickets; baggage; regulations ; compensation and lien ; InterstateCommerce act ; Sherman anti-trust law. M.Mr. Eckhart.Text-book : McClain, Cases on Carriers.43. Public Service Companies. — Eights and duties ofpublic employment ; railroads ; telegraph ; telephone ; light and water companies ; inns andwarehouses. DM.Assistant Professor Wyman.Text-book : Wyman, Cases on Public ServiceCompanies.44. Insurance. — Insurable interest in various kinds ofinsurance and when it must exist ; beneficiaries ;the amounts recoverable and valued policies;representations ; warranties ; waiver and powersof agents ; interpretation of phrases in policiesassignment of insurance. MjProfessor Mack.Text-book : Wambaugh, Cases on Insurance.45. Combinations and Restraint of Trade. DMAssistant Professor Wyman.Text-book : Wyman, Cases on Restraint ofTrade.*50. Private Corporations. — The nature of a corporation and its relation to its stockholders ; thecreation of a corporation ; de facto corporations;stock subscriptions ; promoters ; interpretationof charters ; implied powers ; formalities of corporate contracts ; powers and duties of directors; rights of stockholders; dividends; transfer of stock; forfeiture of ch'arters; corporateliability for torts, crimes, and contempts ; ultra¦ vires transactions ; the rights and remedies ofcorporate creditors; preferences by corporations; stockholder's liability; intercorporaterelations; purchase by a corporation of its ownstock; dissolution of corporations; corporatereceiverships ; foreign corporations ; the limitsof legislative control. lJ^Mj.Professor Mechem.Text-book : Smith, Cases on Private Corporations.In 1902-3 this course was given by ProfessorBlewett Lee.*50. Partnership. — Creation of partnership ; nominalpartners; partnership property; transfer ofinterests of partner and partnership ; rights ofcreditors; liability and distribution of partner's property for firm debts ; obligation betweenfirm and its members ; actions between partners;effect of bankruptcy ; agency of partner ; judgment; dissolution. Mj.Professor Hall.Text-book : Ames, Cases on Partnership.UNIVERSITY RECORD 317*52. Bankruptcy. — Jurisdiction of the United Statesand states ; who may be a bankrupt ; who maybe petitioning creditors; acts of bankruptcy;what property passes to the trustee; provableclaims ; protection, exemptions and discharge.M.Professor Mack.Text-books : " The Bankruptcy Act of 1898,"and Williston, Cases on Bankruptcy,63. Constitutional Law, I (State). — Written constitutiqns: (a) making, revision, and amendment,(b) Judicia1 power to declare laws unconstitutional. — Due process of law and the separationof powers : due process in administrative proceedings ; legislative action and due process ;due process in judicial proceedings ; independence of the judiciary. — Delegation of legislativepower. Limitations of legislative power: equality; liberty; property. Mj.Professor Freund.Text-book : Thayer, Cases on ConstitutionalLaw, Vol. I.*64. Constitutional Law, II (Federal).— Implied powers ; taxation ; Ex post facto and retroactivelaws ; obligation of contracts ; commerce ;money; war. 1/^Mi-Professor Hall.Textbook: Thayer, Cases on ConstitutionalLaw, Vols. I (part) and II.*65. Municipal Corporations. — General nature ; corporate capacity; self-government; creation, annexation, division, dissolution, succession;mode of action, ratification and curative actsestopped by recitals; municipal police power;local improvements and services, includingspecial assessments ; municipal property, especially public streets; municipal contracts;Expenditures and donations ; Indebtedness ;constitutional limit; liability. Mj.Professor Freund.Text-book : Smith, Cases on Municipal Corporations.*66. Public Offices and Officers.— Nature of office ; eligibility ; appointment and election ; acceptanceof office ; qualifying for office ; de facto officers ;termination of officer's authority by expirationof term; resignation; removal; acceptance ofincompatible office, etc.; authority of officer and its execution ; liability of officer and the public ;special remedies affecting official action. M.Professop Mechem.Text-book : Mechem, On Public Officers andCases,*67. Administrative Law. — Judicial control of administrative acts ; administrative regulations ; administrative determinations; due process andconclusiveness; powers in aid of execution oflaws ; enforcement of statutes. M.Professor Freund.*70. Conflict of Laws. — (1) Jurisdiction; sources of lawand comity ; territorial jurisdiction ; jurisdictionin rem and personam ; (2) remedies, right ofaction, and procedure ; (3) creation of rights :personal rights ; rights of property : inheritance ; obligations ex delicto and ex contractu;(4) recognition and enforcement of rights : personal relations ; property ; inheritance ; administration of estates ; judgments ; obligations.Mj.Professor Beale.Text-book : Beale, Cases on the Conflict ofLaws.71. International Law.(See Announcements of Department of Political Science).*75. Roman and Civil Law.— Brief survey of history ofRoman Law ; study of Justinian's Institutes ;select Titles of the Digest. Mj.Professor Freund.Practice Course. — Nature of a court and source ofits power; judgments, appellate jurisdiction.Jurisdiction of courts over subject-matter andpersons. Venue of actions, manner of commencing actions, process and service of process. Proceedings in rem, quasi in rem, and personalactions. Service by publication. The records ofthe court, the clerk's docket, minute book oforders. Filing and service of pleadings. Proceedings on default. Equity pleadings. Decreespro confesso. Hearings and entry of decreeAppearance, motions to set aside defaults,power to vacate judgments. Pleas to jurisdiction and in abatement, demurrers, amendments,pleading to the merits, joint rights and liabilities. Set-off and recoupment.Professor Tenney.Lecture Courses.Patent Law. Mr. Parker.Copyright. Mr. Reed.Trademarks. Mr. Reed.Mining. Mr. Zane.Irrigation. Mr. Zane.Admiralty. Mr. Kremer.Railroads. Mr. Peck.Legal Ethics. Mr. Freeman.Federal Jurisdiction. Professor Williston.318 UNI VERSITY RECORDIV. COURSES OF INSTRUCTION.Summer Quarter, 1903 — Spring Quarter, 1904.M=Minor course=a single course for six weeks. DM=Double Minor course=a double course (two hours daily) for six weeks.Mj=Major course==a single course for twelve weeks. DMj=Double Major course=a double course for twelve weeks.I. THE PRE-LEGAL CURRICULUM.DEPARTMENT OF POLITICAL ECONOMY.% Majors.1, 2. Principles of Political Economy. — Exposition ofthe laws of Modern Political Economy.These courses are designed to give the students an acquaintance with the working principles of modern Political Economy. Thegeneral drill in the principles cannot be completed in one quarter ; and the department doesnot wish students to elect Course 1 who do notintend to continue the work in Course 2. Descriptive and practical subjects are introducedas the principles are discussed, and the fieldis only half covered in Course 1.Course 1. Mj. Summer Quarter; 9:30.Assistant Professor Hill.Mj. Autumn Quarter; 2 sections: 9:30 and12: 00. Assistant Professor Hill andDr. Davenport.Mj. Winter Quarter; 9:30.Dr. Davenport.Course 2. Mj. Winter Quarter; two sections:9:30 and 12:00.Assistant Professor Hill andDr. Davenport.Mj . Spring Quarter ; 9 : 30.Dr. Davenport.FIRST-YEAR COURSES.The work of the first year is required.1. Contracts. 2Mj. Autumn and Winter Quarters.Professor Whittier. THE DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY.4 Majors.13. The Constitutional and Political History of England to the Reign of Edward I. — Required of, students in the preliminary year of the LawSchool. Mj. Autumn Quarter; 11:00.Professor Terry.14. The Constitutional and Political History of England from the Reign of Edward I. to the Revolution of 1688. — Required of students in thepreliminary year of the Law School.Parts I and II.Mj. Winter quarter ; 11:00.Part II. England in the Seventeenth Century.M. First Term, Summer Quarter; 12:00.Professor Terry.87. Constitutional History of the United States to1815. — Required of students in the preliminaryyear of the Law School.Mj. Winter Quarter; 9:30.Associate Professor Shepardson.88. Constitutional History of the United States since181 5. — Required of students in the preliminaryyear of the Law School.Mj. Spring Quarter; 9:30.Associate Professor Shepardson.2. Torts.1%M. Autumn Quarter, First Term, WinterQuarter, and Second Term, Winter Quarter'two hours).ELECTIVE COURSES RECOMMENDED TO PRE-LEGAL STUDENTS:Finance.Financial History of the United States.Accounting.Money and Practical Economics.Technique of Trade and Commerce.Constitutional History of England since 1688.Europe in the Nineteenth Century.Comparative National Government. Federal Government.Comparative Politics.Municipal Government.Primitive Social Control.Criminology.History of Political Ethics.Logic.II. THE PROFESSIONAL CURRICULUM.UNIVERSITY RECORD 3192A. Torts. — (Trespass and Conversion.)M. First Term, Summer Quarter.2B. Torts.— {Legal Cause and Negligence.)M. Second Term, Summer Quarter.Professor Hall.3. Property.1% Mj. Autumn Quarter ; and First Term,Winter Quarter. Professor Freund.4. Agency.1% Mj.Quarters.5. Pleading. Second Term, Winter and SpringProfessor Mechem.Mj. Spring Quarter.Professor Whittier.6. Criminal Law. l^Mj. Spring Quarter.Given as DM., First Term, Summer Quarter.Professor Beale.SECOND- AND THIRD-YEAR COURSES.These courses are elective, and may be taken without requirement of fixed succession. Students are recommended to postpone starred * courses to the third year.13. Damages.13A. Damages. Mj. Spring Quarter.Professor Mechem.M. First Term, Summer Quarter.Professor Beale.15. Evidence.1% Mj. Second Term, Winter Quarter andSpring Quarter. Professor Whittier.*16. Wills and Future Interests.1% Mj. Winter »and Spring Quarters (twohours). Professor Freund.20. Equity (Torts).1J^ Mj. Autumn Quarter, and First Term,Winter Quarter. Professor Hall.22. Trusts.lJ^Mj. Winter and Spring (two hours)Quarters.22A. Trusts.DM. Second Term, Summer Quarter.Professor Mack.29. Equity Pleading.3^Mj. Spring Quarter.Professor Beale.*30 and 31. Suretyship and Mortgages.1% ^J- Autumn, and First Term, WinterQuarter. Professor Whittier. 40. Sales.lJ^Mj. Autumn and Winter (two hours) Quarters. Professor Mechem.41. Bills and Notes.1% Mj. Winter (two hours) and Spring Quarters. Professor Hall.42. Carriers.% Mj. Autumn Quarter (two hours a week).Mr. Eckhart.43. Public Service Companies.DM. First Term, Summer Quarter.Assistant Professor Wyman.44. Insurance.Mj. Autumn Quarter.Professor Mack.45. Combination and Restraint of Trade.DM. Second Term, Summer Quarter.Assistant Professor Wyman.51. Private Corporations.l)£Mj. Autumn and First Term, WinterQuarter. Professor Mechem.52. Bankruptcy. M. First Term, Summer Quarter.J£Mj. Spring Quarter.Professor Mack.63. Constitutional Law, I (State).Mj. Autumn Quarter.Professor Freund.*64. Constitutional Law, II (Federal).lJ^Mj. Second Term, Winter and SpringQuarters.*64A. Constitutional Law II (Federal) (First Part).Implied Powers, Taxation, Obligation ofContracts. M. First Term.*64B. Constitutional Law II (Federal) (Second Part)Commerce and Money.M. Second Term ; Summer Quarter.Professor Hall.*66. Officers.M. Winter Quarter (two hours a week).Professor Mechem.*67. Administrative Law.M. Winter Quarter (two hours a week).Professor Freudnd.*70. Conflict of Laws. Mj. Spring Quarter.Professor Beale.320 UNIVERSITY RECORD71A. International Law (Law of Peace).M. First Term, Summer Quarter.71B. International Law (Law of War and Neutrality).M. Second Term, Summer Quarter.Prerequisite : Civil Government in the UnitedStates or its equivalent.Note : This course is open also to First Year students.*75, Roman and Civil Law. Mj. Spring Quarter.Professor Freund. Practice.Autumn, Winter, and Spring Quarters.Professor Tenney.Required of Second and Third Year students.LECTURE COURSES, SUMMER QUARTER.Professor Beale.History of Crime in England, ten lectures.First Term; Tuesdays and Thursdays.Mr. Peck.Railroads, five lectures. First Term; Wednesdays.GENERAL INDEXVOL. VII. MAY, 1902 — APRIL, 1903Adams, Charles Francis, Shall Cromwell Have aStatue? 52Address before the Beta of Illinois Chapter of the PhiBeta Kappa Society at the University of Chicago,June 17, 1902 52By President Roosevelt, at Laying of Corner Stoneof Law School Building 307List, the University 295Addresses at Convocation 31, 164, 227, 305Delivered by Members of the Faculties 189, 299Admission to School of Education 9to the Law School 311Alliance Francaise in Co-operation with the Universityof Chicago 274Alumnae Club, of Chicago 277Alumni, The :Appointments secured by 195Class Day, 1902 78Decennial Directory 196Divinity Alumni 80Election to University Congregation 82Exercises of Alumni Day, 1902 . . , 76Notes and Communications 81, 195, 225, 275, 293Officers of , 78president's Statement Concerning 42Student Paper, The 196American Teacher, The* 227Andrews, E. Benjamin, The Crisis of Democracy. . . 164Annual Statistics, 1901-2 47Appointments on the University Staff 45, 175Secured by Alumni through the Board of Recommendations. 195/^Articles by Members of the Faculties 191, 301by Members of Rush Medical Faculty 104Attendance:Spring Quarter, 1902 43Summer Quarter, 1902 177Autumn Quarter, 1902 244^ Statistics for the Year 1901-2 47, 173Bain, Harry Foster, Address at Presentation ofChamberlin Bust 286Barker, Lewellys F., Medicine and the Universities 83Beale, Joseph Henry, Jr 201 -Books Published by Members of the Faculties .... 191, 300by Rush Medical Faculty 104Bureau for the Recommendation of Teachers i 182Calvin, Samuel, Tribute to Professor Chamberlin 284Chamberlain, Charles J., Laboratory Work by Cor- xrespondence 142Chamberlin, T. C, Presentation of Bust of 281Chapel Addresses 73Class Day, 1902 . 78Comparative Attendance:Spring Quarters 44Summer Quarters .... 179Autumn Quarters 245Congregation Dinner, The 298Convocation :The Forty-second .- 31The Forty-third 163The Forty-fourth 227The Forty-fifth 297The Forty-sixth 305Corner Stone of the Law School Building, Laying of the 307Correspondence-Study Department 139Work, The 181Crisis of Democracy 164Curriculum of School of Education 10of the Law School 107, 313Daily Maroon, The 173Decennial Alumni Directory ; . . . . 196Publications, The 182, 187, 211Democracy, The Crisis of. 164Leadership in a 305Doctor of Laws, Honorary Degree of, Conferred 297, 307Doctors' Theses Recently Published 301Education, The School of 1Elementary School Teacher and Course of Study ....... 12Emmons, S. F., Tribute to Professor Chamberlin 285Experimental Medicine 96Faculties, The. 189, 298Faculty of School of Education 3of Law School.* 41, 309of Rush- Medical College, Recent Publications. . .... 104Fairchaild, Herman L., 'Tribute to Professor Chamberlin Flint, Edith Foster, English" Composition by Correspondence ....... i , . . ,Freeman, Henry Varnum Freund, Ernst Graduates of the University by Years ..... ..........Graduation and Diplomas in the School of EducationHale, Edward Everett, Chapel Addresses ........Hall, James Parker Hillis, Newell Dwight, The Law of Heredity, andits Gospel Also , .Honorary Degree of Doctor of Laws Conferred . . . 297,Ingres, Maxime, A Suggestion for Teaching Frenchby Correspondence .....;.. Judson, Harry Pratt, Leadership in a Democracy. .Junior Colleges, Separate Instruction in the Jusserand, Jean Jules, Recipient of Honorary Degreeof Doctor of Laws Knox, Frances, Can History be Successfully Taughtby Correspondence ? ;..... Kremer, Charles Edward Law of Heredity and its Gospel Also Law School, The : 41, 185, 199,Arrangement of Courses Courses of Instruction, 1903-4 Curriculum, The 107,Degrees Faculty 201,General Information Lecture Courses 209,Library Organization and Purpose 199,Requirements for Admission .. . . . 1 . Temporary and Permanent Quarters 200,Law School Building, Laying of the Corner Stone of theLeadership in a Democracy. Lecture-Study Department, The Report Covering Four Years Lee, Blewett Library, Report of the 72,of the Law School of School of Education .;....... Library Commission, Report of the Mack, Julian William Maxwell, Henry William, The American TeacherMedical School, The ..... 83,Attitude of Patients Toward Clinical Teaching Courtesy to Clinical Patients „ . . . Effect of Clinical Teaching on the Staff Experimental Medicine 96285 Medical Club of the University of Chicago 99Notes and Comments 94139 Number of Record 83204 Osteology, Course in 96202 Pharmacology, Courses in 98g Presbyterian Hospital of the City of Chicago 103j j Recent Publications by the Members of the Facultyof Rush Medical College 10473 Registration for Courses at the University of Chicago 95204 Summer Courses for Physicians 99Student, The, in the University 94256 University of Chicago Medical Club 993°5 West Side Dispensary, The 103Medicine and the Universities 83I44 Morgan Park Academy 183~0e Obituaries :25 a Barrows, John Henry 40Bond, Joseph 178297 Burroughs, Charles Lindsay 245, 276Dowie, Esther 40Jonas, Max 404 Lambertson, Genio M 40, 196°4 Linscott, Henry Farrar ...» 277 1256 Palmer, Mrs. Alice Freeman 245240 Stratton, Alfred William 291312 Wood, F. W 40318 Official Reports :313 Condensed Financial Statement for Fiscal Year End-312 ing June 30, 1902 186309 Correspondence Work 150, 181312 Decennial Publications 182, 187, 211317 Lecture -Study Department .... 131, 179310 Library 72, 268309 .Library Commission ...... 265311 Osteology in the University Curriculum 96 :3°7 Parker, Francis Warner 2053°7 Passing of the Proprietary Medical School ....... 833°5 Peck, George Record 20511 5 Pharmacology, Importance of , in University Curriculum 98J79 Phi Beta Kappa Address of Hon. Charles Francis202 Adams.... \ 52268 ^/President i310 Acceptance of Chamberlin Bust 2841 * Quarterly Statements of the 40, 172, 2382&5 Statement at Forty-sixth Convocation 305203 Pritchett, Henry, The Service of Science to the Uni-227 versity and the Response of the University to that241 Science .3 1 -.i10 1 Professional Department of School oi. Education 7101 Promotions in Staff of the University, 45* 475 *100 Pseudo-University Medical School, The .............. 85Publications of the University of Chicago Press 29Since March 1, 1902 289By members of the Faculty of Rush Medical College 104Quarterly Statements of the President of the University40, 172, 238Alumni, The 42Appointments on the University Staff 45, 175, 256Attendance 43, 177Autumn Quarter, Attendance 244Bureau for the Recommendation of Teachers 182Comparative Attendance 44, 179Condensed Financial Statement. 186, 252Correspondence Work , 181Daily Maroon 173Decennial Publications, The 182, 244Gifts 46, 186, 253Higher Salaries. 249Instructors on Leave of Absence 46, 175, 246Law School 41, 185, 240Lecture-Study Department, Report Covering FourYears 179Lecture-Study Work 243Medical School, The 241Morgan Park Academy 183New Appointments and Promotions 45, 175, 256New Buildings 43, 185Pension System, The 246Promotions 45, 175Registration and Instruction 44, 178Rush Medical College and the University 242School of Education 42, 239School of Technology, The 245Second-Term Courses of Summer Quarter, 1902 asCompared with the Two Previous Years 174Separate Instruction in the Junior Colleges 250Staff of Instruction, Autumn, 1 90 1 — Summer, 1902.. 178Statistics for Four Quarters, 1 90 1-2 47, 173Summer Quarter, 1902 , 43, 172Statistics of Attendance 177Summer Temperature of Chicago 1 87Trustee, A New 256University Open Lectures 117, 180Preachers. 45, 252Press, The 184Work of the Younger Men 249Real University Medical School 87Reed, Frank Freemont 206Registration and Instruction 44, 95, 174Statistics of 18 Universities.. 272Response of the University to the Service of Science.. . 31Reviews by Members of the Faculties 192, 303 Roosevelt, Theodore, Address at Laying of CornerStone of Law School Building 307Roosevelt, Theodore, Recipient of Honorary Degree ofDoctor of Laws 306Rush Medical College and its Proposed Incorporationas, a Part of the University 242Recent Publications by the Members of the Staff 104Salisbury, R. D., Address at Presentation of Chamberlin Bust. 287School of Education:Admission to 9Curriculum of 10Faculty of 3Graduation and Diplomas from 11Library of 11Number of Record ..:....;;.... 1^President's Statement Concerning 42, 239Professional Department of 7Science' Service to the University 31Semi-University Medical School, The. .„ 86Service of Science to the University and the Response ofthe University to that Science 31Shall Cromwell Have a Statue? 52Spring Quarter, 1902, Statistics 43Comparative Attendance 44Students in Residence, 1901-2, According to Quarters 47Student, The Medical, in the University 94Summer Quarter, 1902 43, 172Courses for Physicians 99Instruction and Registration 177School of Education 12, 174Second-Term Courses 174Technology, School of 245Tenney, Horace Kent 202Transformation of a Semi-University School of Medicineinto a Real University School 91Universities and Medicine 83University, The, and the Service of Science 31Address List 295Elementary School 13University Extension :American Society for the Extension of UniversityTeaching 128and Local Institutions 120and the People n8Bible Study by Correspondence 148Cambridge, Eng., Society 129Conspectus of Centers and Summaries of Work ofLecture-Study Department 133Correspondence-Study Department 139Annual Report 150English Composition by Correspondence 139University Extension — Continued:Fellows, George E 115General Summaries, Lecture -Study Department,1901-2 136History Taught by Correspondence 146Hudson, William Henry , 197James, Edmund J 115Laboratory Work by Correspondence 142Lecture Association 116Lecture-Study Department, Annual Report 131Local Committee's Opportunity . «. 122London Society tor the Extension of University Teaching . , 130Modern Social Problems , , 115Notes and Comments 115Open Lectures. 117Oxford Delegacy for the Extension of UniversityTeaching 129 Pittsburg, University -Exterision Society of ..... \ 18University-Extension Conference i2xTeaching French by Correspondence xaaVictoria University, Manchester, Eng 130Wilcox, William Craig 127University Preachers 45, 252Press, The 1 184Registration Statistics ; . 272VanHise's Address at Presentation of Chamberlin Bust 287Whittier, Clarke Butler ............' 203Willett, Herbert L., Bible Study by Correspondence 148Willis, Bailey, Tribute to Professor Chamberlin 285Williston, Samuel 206Woman's Union of the University of Chicago 269Zane, John Maxcy 206