THEUniversity RecordOFTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGOFOUNDED BY JOHN D. ROCKEFELLERPUBLISHED MONTHLY BY AUTHORITYVol. VI JANUARY, 1902 No. 40CONTENTSThe Fortieth Convocation ' 293Professor Turner's Introductory Words - 293-294The Convocation Address ----- 294-300The President's Quarterly Statement - 300-309The Thanksgiving Day Service 310The Corner Stone Ceremony of the Frank Dickinson Bart-lett Gymnasium 310-312The Annual University Debate 312-313Official Reports - - 313-316The Faculties. — The Alumni. — Student Organizations - 316-319Supplementary Announcements for the Winter Quarter,1902 --------- 319-320General Notes - 320CHICAGO£be Tftniverait^ of Cbicago preesANNUAL SUBSCRIPTION SINGLE COPIESONE DOLLAR APPLICATION made for entry AT THE POST-OFFICE AT CHICAGO AS FIVE CENTSSECOND-CLASS MATTER, UNDER THE ACT OF JULY 16, 1894.VOLUME VI NUMBER 40JANUARY, 1902THE FORTIETH CONVOCATIONThe Fortieth Convocation of the University of Chicago was held at Studebaker Hall onDecember 17, 1901 at 3 : 00 p.m. The Convocation Orator, Professor Franklin Jameson, Ph.D., LL.D.,was introduced by Frederick J. Turner, Ph.D., Professor of American History, in the University ofWisconsin, who spoke as follows :It is unnecessary to say to a Chicago audiencethat the middle West is a great region. In areaequal to the combined states of central Europe,its supplies of coal, iron, cattle, corn, and wheatmake it a potential factor in the world. But itcan hardly be said that its output of scholars hasbeen commensurate with its vast industrialresources and its political power. The middleWest is, therefore, deeply indebted to the University of Chicago for the contributions which ithas made to the intellectual resources of thisdominant section. When the history departmentof this university was organized, President Harpercalled to its headship a German scholar of thefirst rank. Professor Hermann von Hoist hasproduced a monumental and in many respects apioneer work on the political history of the UnitedStates. His character is as admirable as hisscholarship is profound. In spite of a strugglewith disease and pain, he has stood for the highest ideals of citizenship ; he has pursued his;tudies, has taken an active part in public debatevith a power of will, a courage, and a devotiono conscience that have won the admiration even)f those who differed with him. Forced finallyo relinguish his arduous duties, he has in his retirement the respect and good wishes of thehistorical students of America.In his place the University has now calledanother scholar of the first rank — a scholar whois one of the first and best products of the spiritof research that took on a new life with the founding of the Johns Hopkins University. He wasone of the first, if not the first, to receive thedegree of doctor of philosophy in history at thatuniversity. A man trained in the conscientiousideals of New England, broadened and freed fromprovincialism by his residence at Baltimore, andby his studies of the South, recognized as one ofthe best informed students of the early history ofthe Middle States, he is now welcomed by theWest to the great opportunities that lie beforehim in this new field. He is at home in Europeanas well as in American history. As the editor ofthe American Historical Review he has preformeda service to the scholarship of the whole countryin shaping the early course of this importantperiodical. As chairman of the Historical Manuscripts Commission of the American HistoricalAssociation, he has set a high standard of editorialwork and of manuscript collection in this important department of historical activity. The293294 UNIVERSITY RECORDscholars of the middle West welcome to theirranks this man whom they respect and admire, aman admirably fitted to adorn a department thathas already made its influence felt in the country.I have the honor to introduce to you, JohnFranklin Jameson the new head of the Department of History of the University of Chicago.Following the introduction by ProfessorTurner, Professor Jameson delivered the Convocation Address on :THE INFLUENCE OF UNIVERSITIES UPON HISTORICALWRITING.Mr. President, Gentlemen of the Board ofTrustees and of the Faculties, Fellow-Students, Ladies and Gentlemen :The President of the University has told methat I may in some degree regard this address asan inaugural discourse, spoken on taking up thechief responsibility for the Department of History.If this is done, it is inevitable that our firstthought should be of the eminent scholar whohas preceded me in that charge, and whose ill-health and retirement are so deeply regrettedboth by the friends of the University and by thefriends of history. His varied historical learningand the fame and brilliancy of his writings haveinvested this chair with distinction, have made ita high honor to succeed him, and have set a loftystandard toward which his successor must struggle as he can. But his services to the Universitywere not confined to the department over whichhe presided. He brought to the general concernsof the institution the influence of a well-storedmind, of a judgment trained in the public affairsof his native country and of a character infusedwith moral earnestness. Best of all, he broughtfrom his old-world universities that strenuousdevotion to simple but lofty ideals of scholarlyendeavor which, in the gross air of Americandaily life, has so often proved a tonic of immeasurable value. I fear that we are sometimes notduly mindful of the great debt which almostevery one of our American universities has owed, especially in its earlier years, to some devotedEuropean scholar who has brought over here thealtar of his studious faith and set it up in theAmerican marketplace. Uneasy in the harnessof our academic routine, not wholly pliable to theconditions of American life, often neverthelessthey have stirred as with a trumpet the hearts ofyoung men, often indeed of older men, whomight otherwise have fallen before the gilded buthollow images of Baal and Ashtaroth. Thereare some here present who share with me thebright remembrance of the early days of theJohns Hopkins University — halcyon days of anovel and brilliant educational experiment, inwhich truly "it was a joy to be alive, and to beyoung was very heaven." Is it not true thatwhenever we think of those days there risesalways before us the quaint figure of the greatSylvester, moving half unconscious of the worldof sense, inhaling with eager zest the rarefied airof the higher mathematics, and holding beforeus all, for lifelong remembrance, the example ofa simple and unswerving devotion to the thingsof the mind ?First of all then, before taking up our maintheme, let us acknowledge with gratitude ourobligations to the scholarship, the labors and thecharacter of Professor Hermann von Hoist, firsthead of the Department of History in this University, and join in heartfelt sympathy for the physical suffering which has marked his recent yearsand has compelled his retirement.The subject on which I have chosen to speak is"The Influence of Universities on HistoricalWriting." But its importance and its bearingswill not be duly appreciated unless for a few minutes we consider in its broad outlines the modernhistory of our science. Dr. Mark Pattison nodoubt exaggerated when he declared that historywas one of the most ephemeral forms of literarycomposition. But certainly it has its fashions.The modern history of its development leads usthrough several successive phases, widely differentone from another ; and each of these phases, we, UNIVERSITY RECORD 295soon perceive in our study, comes forward jinmuch the same manner and at nearly the sametime in all countries of Europe alike. At onetime one type of history is dominant throughoutall Europe, at another time another. The typesare sharply distinct, and the transition from oneto the next is a more than national movement.The mode in which the past is regarded is a pan-European mode, and its changes correspond to amodulation of key in the general thought ofEurope.First, the Renaissance gave history new life, akeener outlook upon the world of the past, amore classical taste in matters of form. Butit was the Reformation, and the mighty politicaland religious struggles which accompanied it, thatfirst brought history into the front rank amongthe objects of literary endeavor, established it asa fit occupation for great minds, and made it thecompanion of statesmen. It is not an accidentthat, in the century extending from 1550 to 1650,the profoundest minds that occupied themselveswith the public affairs of England, Raleigh andBacon, occupied themselves also with history;that among the great historians of each countryof the Continent were eminent statesmen likeAgrippa d'Aubigne and President de Thou,Hugo Grotius and Paolo Sarpi. Public lifeamid the volcanic turmoil of the Reformation orthe stirring times of Elizabeth had deepenedtheir insight into history. "Whenever," saidNiebuhr, who remembered the storm and stressof the French Revolution, " whenever a historianis reviewing past times, his interest in them andsympathy with them will be the deeper the greaterthe events he has witnessed with a bleeding or arejoicing heart."In view of those present-day conditions whichwe are later to consider, it is especially interestingto observe what came next after this age of statesmen-historians. When statesmen write history,they rely upon native insight and political experience rather than upon closet industry and technical perfection. By and by the age, especially if it is an age of prose, begins to miss something,to become uneasy and critical, and to fear that itshistorians have been giving it eloquence or poetry or political philosophy rather than the coldfacts which it has begun to crave. Now the century from 1650 to 1750 was preeminently an ageof prose. It played Wagner to its predecessor'sFaust. Regularity and decorum, science andcriticism, the flowing wig and the rhymed pentameter put the political historian quite as muchout of fashion as Shakespeare and Ariosto. Anew age set in, the age of erudition. Boldnessand originality and fire departed from history ;scholarship and method and labor took theirplace. All over Europe scholars devoted themselves to the laborious search for additional materials, to the learned toil of investigation and criticism, and to the publication of great series ofchronicles and documents. Enormous additionswere made to the sum of printed knowledge respecting history. Giants of erudition sprang upalmost simultaneously in all countries, Anakimwith marvelous digestions, who, like Leibnitz,could sit at their desks for eighteen hours at astretch, and who piled up for us those mighty pyramids of folios out of which the modern scholaris content to quarry his little whitewashed habitation. When the muse of history became so pedestrian, historical enterprises naturally lentthemselves to organized endeavor. Two forms oforganization played an important part in thework of erudite publication — academies, historical and general, like the Prussian Academy atBerlin or the Royal Academy of History at Madrid, and communities of monastic scholars likethe Bollandist Fathers or the Benedictines of St.Maur. Those who have read Matthew Arnold'sessay on the Literary Influence of Academies donot need to be told what effect such establishments would have upon history. They could notgive it spirit or genius or the force of new ideas,but they could concentrate educated opinion,they could impose high standards of workmanship, and they could undertake tasks which were296 UNIVERSITY RECORDbeyond the power of individuals — even of eupeptic Anakim. So also of those religioushouses where learning flourished. The monasticprinciples of humility and obedience gave theservices of all to some common task, at which themembers of the community labored in peacefulseclusion, patiently and self-forgetfully, for theglory of God and of their order. So throughoutthat prosaic age accomplished hands, individuallyor in cooperation, were laying up vast stores ofhistorical material for the uses of a generationmore creative, more philosophical, better provided with literary genius and with general ideas.Not delaying to consider that next generation,when Montesquieu, and Turgot, and Voltaire, andHume, gave history a wider horizon and taughtit to seek the great laws of social development,let us pass on to observe the influence of theFrench Revolution. It is difficult to find measured words in which to express duly the magnitude of that influence upon the generation thatsucceeded. Here, again, as in the Reformation,old things had passed away, and all things hadbecome new. The problems of human life in thepresent and the past seemed forever different toeyes which had beheld revelations of popularforces so gigantic and so unsuspected underlyingthe surface of society. A deeper study of historyresulted as a matter of course. And here again,as after the Reformation, the study fell mainlyinto the hands of men conspicuous in public life.It was for the same reason. The events of theFrench Revolution, as of the Reformation, hadbeen such as to force historical studies uponminds of the very highest class, upon the verydirectors of national life. And so, in the middleof the nineteenth century, we had again an ageof statesmen-historians — Macaulay and Mackintosh, Niebuhr and Grote, Guizot and Thiers andLamartine. Their characteristic notes werequickness in seizing the traits of a political situation, insight into political motives, sturdy political faith, force of statement, skill and vigor innarration. But as we round the promontory and enter upon the long reach of the twentiethcentury, we find that this school also has passedaway ; that other planets rule the hour, and thatwe are in the midst of still another of thosechanging phases or fashions or climates throughwhich the art of history has successively passed.It was promised at the beginning that thisperhaps too long survey should have a directrelation to the theme of the hour. I have pursued, in general outline, the orderly developmentof our science in order to make it clear that eachage has its own mode of looking at the past, andto lead up to the assertion, which I make withlittle hesitation, that in this age the leadinginfluence upon historical writing is that of theuniversity and the university professor. If thisbe so, the Influence of Universities upon Historical Writing becomes, to those who care for historyat all, an important theme. But is it so ? Or isthe notion an extravagant one, born of a pedagogue's desire to exalt the pedagogue's office ?The proposition is one not easy to demonstrate without entering into tiresome lists andsummaries. I must, in a certain sense, ask youto take my word for it ; yet not without giving areason. For six recent years it was my juicytask, as editor of a historical review, to gothrough each number of the Publisher's Weekly,its English congener, the Publisher's Circular,and the Wochentliches Verzeichniss of the Germanbook-trade, to scan elsewhere the advertisementsof publishers for announcements of new historicalbooks, and to examine carefully the contents of adozen or more historical journals coming fromvarious countries of Europe or America. So faras this could enable one to testify as to what isgoing on in the historical world, I assert withconfidence that nearly all the important historicalbooks which appear in Germany are either written by university professors, or show in the plainest way the impress of the university ; that almostas much might be said of France and Italy, ofBelgium and Holland ; that even in England,preeminently the home of the rich amateur andUNIVERSITY RECORD 297the private student, a larger fraction than everbefore of the annual historical output is due touniversity and college teachers, or directly traceable to the influence of their work. In theUnited States much more than one-half of whatis substantial in our annual product comes somehow from university or collegiate sources. Thisis made the more remarkable when we reflect thattwenty-five years ago a college professor of history rarely wrote a book, seldom indeed attemptedto do anything beyond his daily teaching. Verylikely he now tries to do too many otherthings ; but, at any rate, it is well known thatif he publishes nothing he is likely to be littleesteemed in his profession. So in England.In the eighteenth century the university profes-fessors of history, making no pretence^of teaching, lived the life of pleasant idleness whichGibbon has so amusingly described in his autobiography. During much of the nineteenth theywere often more eminent for many other thingsthan for historical achievement. But of late theuniversity and college teachers have been inmany cases the great English historians of ourtime — Stubbs and Freeman and Gardiner andSeeley — and most of them have really taught,and have exercised an influence which was distinctly of the professorial type.Our thesis may readily be illustrated in anotherway. In whose hands are the large enterprisesof serious historical publication ? Not to speakof Germany and France, where it is a matter ofcourse that they are directed by professors, takean English example. Lord Acton, regius professor at Cambridge, plans a great compositework on modern history. Of the announcedcontributors almost all are or have been professors. In what previous age would this have beentrue? The same holds good in America. Inall lands professors control the historical societies,direct the journals; and fill the historical librarieswith their particular type of composition.As for the causes of this transition, which hasbrought history for a time under the domination of the university, no doubt some are special toour science, some general. It would be onlynatural if political historians, especially politicalhistorians of the second rank, should provoke areaction, if they seemed to rely on insight as tooperfect a substitute for the laborious sifting ofauthorities, or to care more for eloquence thanfor accuracy, for, after all, men like to have history tell the sober truth. Once the discerningportion of the public is convinced that Carlylewas a little too rhetorical, and a little too easilyimposed upon, all his vociferous groanings overthe assumed toilsomeness of his research, all hisexcited posing as the lynx-eyed destroyer ofshams, will not save him. Men will read himfor his eloquence; but when they wish to knowexactly what happened in Cromwell's time or inthe French Revolution they will turn to ProfessorGardiner or Professor Aulard.But there are broader reasons than these forthe change that has supervened. We may as wellconfess that we dwell in an age of prose. Theworld cares far less for eloquence than it did agerieration ago. Assez de la lyre! it says, as theshouting mob said to Lamartine. It seems tocare less for noble sentiments than for scientificfacts.In the seventeenth century the high enthusiasms of the earlier years gave place, long beforethe century had ended, to the rule of soberreason ; after the founding of the Royal Societythere would be no more Miltons. So before theclose of the nineteenth century we have witnessed, all the world over, the distinct decay ofpolitical liberalism, the inspiring creed whichprevailed almost everywhere from 1830 to 1870,and on which our fathers founded their heartyenthusiasm for liberty and for democracy. Old-fashioned whiggery is dead ; the political theoriesthat have taken its place borrow their postulatesfrom the domain of physical science. If in timesof literary transition it is difficult to say what iscause and what is effect, at least we can perceivethat certain phenomena arrive together. The298 UNIVERSITY RECORDrise of professional or professorial history-writingcoincided with the rise of realism in fiction. Wemay fairly maintain that both had the same cause,a discontent with rhetorical and imaginative presentations of human life, bred in the minds of ageneration to which Darwin and his fellows hadtaught the cogency and the pervasiveness of scientific laws. Since Darwin, it has been no morepossible for the age to produce a crop of Macau-lays and Michelets than it is possible for thosewho picture running horses to expel from theirminds what they have learned from Mr. Muy-bridge's photographs of animal locomotion.If history is to be thus subjected for a seasonto the tender mercies of professors, how will itfare ? What are the qualities of professors, andespecially what are their faults, and how are theseworking themselves out, or likely to work themselves out, in historical composition ? At old Oxford commencements it used to be the custom togive to some satirical student the part of TerraeFilius, the son of the earth. His pleasing function it was, in a malicious speech, to amuse theaudience by abusing the dons. I should be lothto take upon me the part of Terrae Filius. Butindeed it is not necessary. The children of thisearth, even those of them who get all their notions of college life from the stage, have abundantopportunities of knowing what are the characteristic faults of professors. As to the way in whichthese will affect books of history, I suppose weshould all be obliged to admit that, in the firstplace, we must not look to a professorial regime toyield us a rich crop of literary masterpieces. Thebooks may be full of excellent information, theymay even avoid pedantry, but they will not bemodels or miracles of brilliant style. In the UnitedStates, indeed, I fear that many of them will noteven be well written. I fear it because I haveread a good many doctoral dissertations, and agood many historical articles offered by youngGelehrten to an historical review. Almost alwaysthese are written in a style " that would have madeQuintilian stare and gasp." Indeed, the experi enced observer is aware of a distinct dialect,doctor's-dissertation English, a compound madeup as are Chinook and Pidgin English, insufficiently studied as yet, but apparently composed ofgood English, the scholastic jargon of a specialty,and undergraduate slang. It may be that theyears will work upon these minds a clarifyingprocess, like that mysterious alchemy which, Iam informed, takes medical students mostlywicked and transforms them into doctors mostlygood. But at least we must expect that historical productions formed under the influence ofuniversities should be somewhat tame and dry.The truth is that, of history as of other arts,there is a communicable portion and a portionthat cannot be communiated. You can teachyour pupils technical perfection in music or painting or sculpture ; but you cannot give them geniusor originality if they do not possess it. And ifyou put your arts under the charge of a body ofprofessionals, an Academie des Beaux Arts or acorporation of Meistersingers, what you willmainly promote is technical skill and the vogue ofacademical tradition. After an age of brilliantamateurs history loses her unchartered freedomand is sent to school, to learn how to read andinterpret documents, how to sift and to weigh evidences, how to avoid the blunders of amateursand the vagaries of rhetoricians. If all this cannot be won without losing from our historiestheir warmth and light and color, it is a lamentable thing. Warmth and light and color, thestatesman's insight and the poet's imagination, allthese are qualities which we cannot fail to desire,,which we almost have a right to demand, of ahistorian. But if, as the record of literary history seems to show, all good qualities cannot behad at the same time in the nation's or the world'shistorians, at least let us not be insensible to theexcellences of the present regime, nor to thebenefits which we are receiving from it.Never before were historical books written withmore strenuous or more successful endeavor to beaccurate. Now it is mere sophistry to deny toUNIVERSITY RECORD 299accuracy the very highest sort of place among thequalities necessary to an historian. It is vain forcritics or prime ministers to proclaim Mr. Froudeto us as a great historian, once we have learnedthat he was constitutionally incapabfe of makingaccurate statements. The man in the streetknows better. Common sense tells him thathistory and fiction are two different things, andthat if a book of history is not accurate it is, ashistory, not worth reading.Again, never before were histories, in the average case among prominent works, based on sothorough research. Never before did^they showso great a mastery of the processes of comparisonand criticism. Never before, I think we maytruly say, were they on the whole so fair. If theatmosphere of universities is too close and toosecluded to give a writer all that practical insightinto the workings of national life that we mightreasonably desire, at least it keeps him in themain from those heats of party passion which sooften have disfigured the work of men of geniusand experience. If he is a teacher, the influenceof that still air is usually fortified by his sense ofthe teacher's responsibility, which powerfullyrestrains from partisanship and overstatement.So through all the communicable portions of thehistorical art run excellent influences from whatsome might scornfully call the domination of thedon.Neither ought we to rate low the value of thosecorporate or organized agencies through whichdonnish public opinion exerts its influenceupon history. It will be remembered that in theage of erudition two centuries ago, which inrespect to the development of historical writingwas in general so like our own, there were twosuch agencies, the academies and the learnedmonastic communities. I might liken to theformer the numerous historical journals of ourtime. They are a peculiar feature of our age,almost all being the product of the last half-century. But in their influence they are likethose old academies. To evoke originality, tokindle the fires of genius, is not their function ; but to regularize, to criticise, to restrain vagaries,to set a standard of workmanship and compelmen to conform to it. Learned monastic communities we have not, though indeed our professors are virtually under vows of poverty andobedience, and therefore, perhaps, ought to beunder the third monastic vow, that of celibacy.But that which was essential in the work of theBollandists or the Benedictines of St. Maur wasthe intimate cooperation of congenial scholars intasks too large for individual strength ; and thiswe have, repeated, in the constant cooperationof university teachers. The great historicalenterprises of Germany and France are carriedon by voluntary groups of professors, closelyassociated, though modern conditions make itunnecessary for them to dwell under the sameroof. Almost every country has now its cooperative history in preparation, the work of associatedexperts. As for America, I think few peopleappreciate, because it is all so recent, how closelythe various professors in each specialty arebanded together. In history this is to a peculiardegree the case. The professors of history in theprincipal universities, the leading spirits of theAmerican Historical Association, are all wellacquainted. I might almost say that they are allwarm friends. (The very flattering remarks towhich I have been obliged to listen from my dearfriend Professor Turner this afternoon havegiven us an extreme example of their mutualkindness.) I can set no limits to the useful services to history that can be rendered by the mutual cooperation of this band of brothers, Fratrescommunis vitae.It must be confessed that, even in the field ofwhat ''the French call ozuvres de Benedictin, theprospects of this professorial regime are not allroseate. The professor is obliged to try to dooo many different things^ He is far from livinghis life in a vacuum. Around the still air inwhich he naturally dwells moves the atmosphereof this world, filled with busy spirits who care notfor his ideals. He plans a magnum opus. Anonthe tempter cometh, and persuades him rather to300 UNIVERSITY RECORDundertake some little caitiff book of a publisher'sdevising, utterly unneeded, but eminently vendible. Doubtless, the American publishers hitupon many useful devices ; but, on the whole,they may fairly be regarded as the chief enemiesof productive scholarship in America. Historycan never reap the best fruits of such an era aswe have been describing unless the professor cansteel his heart against their blandishments andagainst many other mundane solicitations. Canhe doubt that those clear voices have been rightwho in all ages have proclaimed the value of thesimple life and of unbought devotion to theaustere muse ? Can the desire to conform tobourgeois standards effectually stifle that prompting which the youthful Milton recorded — "aninward prompting which grows daily upon me,that by labor and intent study, which I take tobe my portion in this life, joined with the strongpropensity of nature, I might perhaps leave something so written to after times as they should notwillingly let it die ? "The influence of universities upon historicalwriting is beneficent in proportion as universitiesand university men remain true to the idealsappropriate to their position. An epoch markedby the dominance of that influence has, as wehave seen and frankly confessed, its limitations.It may be that it does its most useful work bylaying up stores of well-sifted materials whichlater may be used by masters of synthesis, of atype not yet evolved. Meanwhile, however, theprofessor may, at all events, feel that in writingor in causing young men to write, or in showingthem how others have written, and how theythemselves might write, he has under all thelimitations a large and satisfying function. Intaking the chair of .history in a leading university, which radiates light throughout thevast valley destined apparently to be the chiefhome of civilized man, he must surely feelweighted with heavy responsibility ; but hemay justly feel inspired by the possibilities ofunusual influence in his chosen profession. THE PRESIDENT'S QUARTERLY STATEMENT.the winter convocation.Members of the University and Friends :I present to you this afternoon my fortiethQuarterly Statement concerning the condition ofthe University. THE ATTENDANCE.The attendance in the various divisions of theUniversity during the quarter which has justclosed was as follows :Men Women TotalThe Divinity School:The Graduate DivinityThe Unclassified Divinity -Dano-Norwegian Seminary -Swedish Theological Seminary no152634 25 112202634Totals The Graduate Schools:Arts and LiteratureOgden School of Science 185119170 711927 I92238I97Totals -----The Colleges:The Senior Colleges -The Junior CollegesUniversity College -Unclassified Students - 289154338H346 146133385372100 435287723485146Totals The Medical School:The School of Education: 6512695 9902102 1641271107Grand Totals -Deducting repetitions - 1399 1247 26462152431The enrollment for corresponding quarters ihthe past has been as follows :Men Women TotalAutumn Quarter 1892 466 128 594U ( ' 1893 - - - 529 221 750" ' 1894 - 670 326 996 >tt t ' 1895 - 725 391 1116tt I 1896 - 753 378 1131tt I < 1897 - 719 458 1177tt t 1898 - 849 779 1628tt t 1899 - 923 749 1682 'tt I ' 1900 969 992 1961it t * 1901 1399 1247 2431 r1 Deducting repetitions.UNIVERSITY RECORD 301The Lower Juniors (freshmen) registered :OctoBer i, 1896, were 151196- 216331- 435 ANALYSIS of investments.v October 1, 1897, wereOctober 1, 1898, were -October 1, 1899, wereOctober 1, 1900, were -October 1, I90i,were 444FINANCIAL STATEMENTS.The following statements taken from the Business Manager's report for the year closing June30, 1 90 1, are presented for the information of thefriends of the University:GENERAL ASSETS.Investments $7,603,691.55Buildings - 2,207,366.71Grounds - - - - - 1,244,067.53Cash and Current Assets - - 482,761.36Books - - - 292,507.51Scientific Equipment - - 391,700.81Furniture - 66,228.09Material and Supplies - - 66,137.22Printing Office Plant - - - 9,755-8oTotal - $12,364,216.58CURRENT EXPENDITURES.1894-5 ~1895-61896-7 -1897-81898-9 -1899-I9OO -I900-I1 90 1-2 (estimated) $543,989-35636,996.35692,329.07678,39975719,923.52747,186.62790,583.68907,175.00ANALYSIS OF EXPENDITURES FOR THE YEAR I9OO-I.Instruction -Administration ExpenseGeneral Expense -Buildings and Grounds Expense -Fellowships and Scholarships -Printing and PublishingSupplies and Expense — DepartmentalBooks -Scientific Equipment - 410,750.5066,547.8858,330.8288,657.0169,357.8541,096.9213,162.5726,915.0015,765.13$790,583.68 Real Estate:FeesChicago LoansFarm MortgagesBonds:Railway -Street RailwayElevated RailwayMiscellaneousStocks: -Railway -Street RailwayElevated RailwayMiscellaneous: - $4,089,051.92$2,948,641.921,000,210.00140,200.00$2,474,647.94144,763.75197,775-30343,150.00$116,212.5088,401.26102,750.83 3,160,336.99307,364-5946,983.05$7,603,691.55RATE PERCENTAGE OF INCOME, BY YEARS:For the year ending RealEstate Bonds andStocks Miscellaneous GeneralAverageJune 30, 1895 - 5-53 5.10 6.00 5-30June 30, 1896 - 5-47 5.03 4-23 5-22June 30, 1897 5.42 5.02 4.28 5-20June 30, 1898 5.38 4-85 4-27 5.05% June 30, 1899 5-36 4.68 6.00 5.03June 30, 1900 3.10 4-49 3-25 4.66June 30, 1 90 1 4-77 4.22 5-03 4.44Oct. 31, 1901 - 4.78 4.21 5-03 4.44CLASSIFICATION OF RECEIPTS DURING SEVEN YEARS,PERCENTAGE :Date Students,etc. Investments OtherSources1894-5 " 31-4 27-3 4L31895-6 - 33-3 29.6 37-11896-7 - - - - 33-3 35-3 31-41897-8 - 34-5 34-7 30.81898-9 - 39-9 29.1 3L01899-I9OO 42.4 28.0 29.6I900-I - 41 .2 27-5 31-3A NEW TRUSTEE.It is with a feeling of great satisfaction thatwe welcome into the University community ournew trustee, Mr. Franklin MacVeagh. His counsels on the subjects demanding the attention ofthe trustees will be those born of experience andripe judgment, and from him we may confidentlyexpect an exercise of that wisdom which has302 UNIVERSITY RECORDcharacterized his past life and given to him sohigh a place among his fellow-men. To the duties and the privileges of trusteeship in the University we gladly welcome him. It is, perhaps,not too much to say that in few other positionsmay a Chicago man render assistance moredirectly to the City of Chicago than by giving ofhis time and thought to the upbuilding of an institution, from the successful management of whichthe city will receive benefit and honor.THE DEATH OF MRS. NANCY FOSTER.*At a most critical time during the first days ofthe University's history, when its entire futureseemed to turn upon the success or failure of asingle effort; when, as yet, no provision of anykind had been made for the care of women ; when,indeed, it seemed almost impossible to accomplish what had been undertaken, the late Mrs.Nancy Foster communicated to the Universityher desire to erect a building which should beused as a home for women. This gift, in view ofits timeliness, the purpose for which it was designated, and the graciousness with which it waspresented, must be reckoned among the most significant of the many gifts which the Universityhas received. Mrs. Foster's interest in the particular work which she had thus inaugurated continued; and as an evidence of this continuedinterest, a second gift was made for the enlargement and completion of Nancy Foster Hall. Herfriends, and the friends of the University, weregreatly pleased that this work could be fullycompleted during her lifetime. In her deaththe University has lost another member of thatpioneer group of benefactors whose friendshipand help made possible the beginnings of itswork, and, at the same time, bound the University to Chicago and Chicago to the University.THE UNIVERSITY PREACHERS.The religious service held Sunday mornings atthe University has been conducted during therSee also University Record, December 7, 1901, pp.281-283. present quarter by the Reverend Principal S. D.F. Salmond, of the University of Aberdeen, Scotland ; the Reverend Professor Charles J. Little,D.D., LL.D., of Garrett Biblical Institute, Evanston, 111.; and the Rev. H. W. Thomas, D.D., ofthe People's Church, Chicago, 111.The University preachers appointed for thecoming quarter are: the Rev. H. M. Sanders,D.D., of the Madison Avenue Baptist Church,New York City; the Rev. Francis G. Peabody, Professor of Christian Morals in Harvard University;the Rev. Philip S. Moxom, D.D., of the FirstCongregational Church, Springfield, Mass.; andthe Rev. W. H. P. Faunce, D.D., President ofBrown University, Providence, R. I.In the coming of these preachers to the University, and in the great assistance which theyrender in the uplifting of. moral and spiritualideals, the University has already received substantial benefit. As the work of the Universitypreacher becomes more definitely established,and as each in his turn comes into closer contactwith the life of the institution, we may expectstill greater contributions to the higher life of theinstitution.PROMOTIONS AND NEW APPOINTMENTS.Assistant Professor Camillo von Klenze, promoted to an Associate Professorship in German.R. R. Bensley, appointed to an Assistant Professorship in Anatomy.Assistant Professor James H. Breasted, appointed to the Directorship of Haskell OrientalMuseum.Assistant Professor William Hill, appointedAssistant Dean in University College.Assistant Professor Edward P. Lyon, appointed tAssistant Dean of Medical Students.Nott W. Flint, appointed to an Associateship inEnglish.Ralph W. Webster, appointed to an Assistant-ship in Physiological Chemistry.Basil C. H. Harvey, appointed to an Assistant-ship in Anatomy.UNIVERSITY RECORD 303William L. Tower, appointed to an Assistant-ship in Embryology.Arthur W. Greeley, appointed to an Assistant-ship in Physiology.Charles H. Neilson, appointed to an Assistant-ship in Physiology.Elizabeth Dunn, appointed to an Assistantshipin Neurology.Shinkishi Hatai, appointed to an Assistantshipin Neurology.Charles Ingbert, appointed to an Assistantshipin Neurology.Clara Comstock, appointed to an Assistantshipin Physical Culture.Mrs. Loe S. Bradley, appointed Teacher ofMusic in School of Education.Reuben M. Strong, appointed to an Assistant-ship in the Academy at Morgan Park.Chester W. Larner, appointed to an Assistant-ship in the Academy at Morgan Park.Charles A. Young, appointed to do lecture-study work in Biblical Literature in the UniversityExtension Division.Susan Peabody, appointed to Headship of KellyHouse.Llewellyn Phillips, appointed to Headship ofSouth Divinity House.THE MEDICAL WORK.It is perhaps too soon to make a definite statement concerning the medical work newly begunat the University this quarter. If success is determined by the number and character of students, by the efficiency of the work of instruction,and by the actual results accomplished, the planadopted may be called successful. Greater carethan ever before has been exercised to secure abody of students, everyone of :J whom should bethoroughly prepared for the work to be undertaken. Of the 255 applications received for admission to the first year of medical work, 125were rejected for lack of sufficient preparation.The remaining 130 joined with the 100 comingto the University from Rush Medical College, and the 41 already engaged in medical work at theUniversity constitute a medical class of 271. Ofthese, 55 are registered as candidates for academicdegrees in addition to the medical degree.It is understood that the requirements for admission next year will be still higher. It is notexpected that this increase in the requirementsfor admission will materially diminish the number of entering students, for it has been observed that a very large number of students whohave completed the whole or a part of the collegecourse, are now looking toward the Universityfor medical instruction.Some questions still remain unanswered as tothe relationship which the new body of medicalstudents personally and collectively shall sustainto the other divisions of the University. Thesequestions will gradually settle themselves. It isvery desirable that no artificial line shall seem tobe drawn by which there shall appear to be eventhe slightest separation of one body of studentsfrom another. The ideal university does notdivide itself into several distinct and separatebodies of students and instructors, but is ratherto be regarded as a single collection of men andwomen with diverse but not conflicting interests*The Junior and Senior classes in medical workconducted on the West Side of the city at RushMedical College number 437. These are not included in the enrollment of the University.The new clinical building, the erection of whichhas been made possible by the gifts of ProfessorNicholas Senn and others, is almost completed,.and will be occupied in February. With thesenew quarters, and with the additional space obtained by transferring the lower classes to theUniversity, greater advantages for clinical instruction are offered than ever before in the history ofRush Medical College.At the same time it is to be noted that theneeds of Rush Medical College are very great*An endowment fund of a million dollars is nonetoo much to satisfy these needs. Throughout theWest and South and Northwest no medical school304 UNIVERSITY RECORDenjoys a larger reputation than that accorded toRush Medical College. The oldest of all westerninstitutions established for the study of medicine,the strongest of them all, the institution nevertheless needs further strengthening in order that itmay fulfill the great demands made upon it inthese days of critical study and investigation inmedical lines. It is due to this mother of westernmedical institutions, and it is due the city of Chicago, that one of Chicago's citizens shall undertake to establish upon the highest possible plane,scientifically speaking, a work already strong, andfor this very reason deserving of establishment.It is not the weak and struggling institution which,in every case, deserves to be assisted. Let the institutions which have already demonstrated theircapacity to live receive that help which will givethem, not simply life, but life of a higher character. Chicago and the West do not need tohave more institutions of learning, but ratherto have the present institutions more stronglyestablished.THE SCHOOL OF EDUCATION.The School of Education, founded by Mrs.Emmons Blaine, has taken up work in temporaryquarters provided for its occupancy until the permanent buildings shall have been erected. Theplans and specifications for the new buildings arenow being placed in the hands of contractors.The bids will be opened and the contracts let inthe month of January. The foundations will bebegun at the earliest possible moment. Thebuildings to be erected immediately will cost between four and five hundred thousand dollars.Meanwhile, the work of the school has gone onquietly and successfully. Students have beenregistered since July i from forty-four states andthe republic of Mexico. The temporary quartershave proved to be well adapted to the work, andthe year's work promises to be a satisfactory one.THE LABORATORY ELEMENTARY SCHOOL.The Laboratory Elementary School -and thesecondary schools known formerly as the SouthSide Academy and Manual Training School, now conducted in connection with the Department ofEducation, have had an increased attendance.The work of organization of the secondary schoolswith a view to their closer consolidation and removal to the new buildings next October, hasalready begun.The total enrollment in Elementary and Secondary Schools under the direct charge of theUniversity is as follows :The Elementary School of the School of Education - 115The Laboratory School of the Department of Education 120The Secondary School of the Department of Education 211The Manual Training School 264The Morgan Park Academy - - - - - 159Total - - 869THE COLLEGE OF COMMERCE AND ADMINISTRATION.The friends of the College of Commerce andAdministration, a division of the University whichhas been steadily growing since the organizationfive years ago, have been pleased to note thelarger interest manifested in the work of the college, not only by the students of the University,but by men occupying high positions in the business world. In order to bring the students ofthis college into living touch with men who werethemselves engaged in conducting great mercantile operations in the different fields of business,a course of lectures has been arranged, the staffof which is composed of leading business men.The interest aroused by the lectures already delivered is even greater than could have been anticipated. The complete list of lecturers in thiscourse for the present year is as follows :Professor J. Laurence Laughlin.Mr. A. W. Sullivan, assistant second vice-president Illinois Central Railway.Mr. Luis Jackson, industrial commissioner Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Railway.Mr. Paul Morton, second vice-president Atchison, Topeka& Santa Fe Railway.Mr. Franklin H. Head, capitalist, Chicago.Mr. Adolphus C. Bartlett, vice-president of Hibbard,Spencer, Bartlett & Co. ;Mr. H. F. J. Porter, of the Bethlehem Steel Co., NewYork City.Mr. E. D. Kenna, vice-president Atchison, Topeka &Santa Fe* Railway.UNIVERSITY RECORD 305Mr. Dorr A. Kimball, credit man Marshall Field & Co.(wholesale). .Mr. John Lee Mahin, President Mahin Advertising Company.Mr. Edwin H. Abbot, formerly president of the Wisconsin Central Railway.Mr. George G. Tunell, secretary to the president Chicago& Northwestern Railway.Mr. S. N. D. North, secretary National Association ofWool Manufacturers.Mr. D. R. Forgan, vice-president of the First NationalBank of Chicago.Mr. J. H. Eckels, president of the Commercial NationalBank of Chicago.Mr. George F. Stone, secretary Chicago Board of Trade.Mr. A. F. Dean, assistant manager of the western department of the Springfield Fire & Marine Insurance Company.Mr. H. K. Brooks, manager of the financial departmentof the American Express Company.UNIVERSITY EXTENSION WORK.Present indications point to the probabilitythat the academic year 1 901-1902 will be themost successful year in the history of the University Extension work conducted by the Universityof Chicago. All the external signs by which wemeasure progress in this work are more favorablethan ever before. The number of courses willexceed that in any previous year. The interestof local committees in the work seems to be morelively and better sustained. The use of the traveling library is more general. The number ofstudent clubs organized and successfully conducted is larger than in any previous year at thistime. The number of lecture-study courses givenduring the Autumn Quarter of 1901 — that is, already completed or now in progress — is 89. Thenumber of traveling libraries sent out is 57. Thenumber of study clubs organized is 21; of studyclasses, 2.This increased interest is undoubtedly due inpart to the new development in this work whichthe University has inaugurated by the establishment of permanent centres for University lecturework at three different points in the city of Chicago, under the immediate auspices of theUniversity and in co-operation with local bodies.The defects in University Extension work,partly inherent and partly remediable, are the lack of permanence and continuity. The co-operation of local committees is absolutely necessaryfor the carrying on of this work in a thoroughlysuccessful way, but local committees are likely tobe swayed unduly by the temporary and financialaspects of the local work. It is hoped that theadded interest and strength brought to the workby the more direct participation of the Universityin certain cases, will tend to remedy the weaknesses indicated above. As an experiment inthis direction, the University has entered intodefinite co-operation with the New England Congregational Church on the North Side, Dearbornavenue and Delaware place ; Lewis Institute onthe West Side, corner Roby and Madison streets ;and the South Congregational Church on theSouth Side, Fortieth street and Drexel boulevard,by which a systematic series of courses is to begiven during this year at each of these centres,and comprising at least one lecture a week during a period of twenty-four weeks. Although theannouncement of these courses could not be issued until late, owing to circumstances overwhich we had no control, the response of thepublic to this work has been gratifying. Thecourses were opened the first week in November,and will be continued during the year. By theorganization of the University Lecture Association, under the auspices of the University of Chicago, it is hoped to interest a very large numberof the citizens of Chicago in the support and extension of this work. It provides a means bywhich every public-spirited and thoughtful person can co-operate in an efficient way with theUniversity in establishing and enlarging thismost important element of popular education.The University, in its desire to make its work asuseful to the teachers in the schools of Chicagoas possible, has made exceptionally favorableterms to all persons actually engaged in the workof instruction in the schools — public and private— of this city. We bespeak the interest and support of the citizens of Chicago in this work.In addition to the four courses of six lectures306 UNIVERSITY RECORDeach, given at each of the three centres indicatedabove, the University Lecture Association ismaking arrangements for a number of speciallectures to be given at some central place, andopen to all the members of the association. Ofthese, one lecture, that of Sir Robert Ball, wasgiven Wednesday evening, December 11, at theStudebaker Hall. Another will be given by thedistinguished publicist and traveler, PoultneyBigeloWj January 15, 1902.It is of interest to note that there seems to bea distinct revival of interest in the work of popular education known as University Extension, notonly in the field within which the University ofChicago carries on most of its work, but throughout this country and in foreign countries as well.The reports of the American Society for theExtension of University Teaching at Philadelphia, and of the managing bodies of the Oxford,Cambridge* and London work, all call attentionto the increasing belief of the public in the valueof this feature of university work, as shown bythe increased number of courses and ever-spreading interest.BUILDINGS AND GROUNDS.During the Autumn Quarter building operations have been conducted providing for anaddition of 70 per cent, to the room space furnished by the present buildings of the University.This includes the buildings which are being prepared for the School of Education. The building for the heating and lighting plant, togetherwith the tunneling of the University grounds,has been practically completed, and the newplant will be in full operation at the beginningof the new quarter. Hitchcock Hall, the dormitory for men, has been completed to the thirdfloor. It will be fully enclosed by February first,unless the rigor of the winter season forbids.The foundations of the Cornmons, Tower, ClubHouse ¦, and Assembly Hall were completed, thecontracts let for the construction of the buildingsin October. The stone requited for these buildings is being cut in the quarries, and the walls will begin to rise early in the spring. Thefoundations of the Frank Dickinson BartlettGymnasium have been laid, the corner stonebeing placed on Thanksgiving Day ; * the stonewill be cut during the winter, and the buildingwill be finished about the first of next October.The building to be occupied by the UniversityPress is in process of erection, the walls havingbeen laid to the third floor.The list of buildings completed during » theAutumn Quarter, or now in actual process oferection, with the estimated cost, is as follows :Provisional building, School of Education - - $ 24,000Heat and Power Plant ------- 150,000University Press Building 100,000Hitchcock Hall -- ------ 150,000Group of buildings, 57th st. and Lexington ave., 400,000Frank Dickinson Bartlett Gymnasium - 210,000Permanent buildings, School of Education - - 435,000THE WOMEN'S UNION.During the present quarter the women of theUniversity, officers, students, and wives of members of the faculty, have organized a Women'sUnion. The purpose of the Union is to unitethe women of the University for the promotionof their common interests.It is hoped that at no distant time a clubhousefor women, in connection with a new women'sgymnasium may be erected. Such a clubhousewould furnish the appropriate headquarters forthe Women's Union. Temporary quarters willbe assigned the Union next year in the buildingnow occupied by the School of Education.The problems which are connected with thelife of women in a university located in a greatcity are numerous and complicated. The experience of our nearly ten years of work has furnishedan important contribution toward the testimonyin favor of co-education. Not a few members ofour faculties, unfamiliar with the advantages ofco-education, came to the University prejudicedagainst it. A large majority of these havebecome ardent advocates of the co-educational1 See pp. 310-312 of this issue of The Record.UNIVERSITY RECORD 307policy. An extended statement might be madeof the arguments and considerations drawn fromour own experience, which speak unmistakably infavor of the successful working of the system.That co-education is a permanent feature ofhigher education, not only in the West, but alsowithin a few years, in eastern sections, no one candoubt, and there are few today who, with anactual knowledge of the facts, would have itotherwise. It is the simple and natural methodof conducting educational work, and the benefitsare equally great to men and women.But it should be remembered that no apparent progress has been made during twenty yearsin adjusting the application of the general principles of co-education to special situations. Itmay also be said that no very definite forwardsteps have been taken in securing a developmentof the principles and practice in co-educationalong higher lines. As a strong believer in coeducation, convinced by an experience whichhas included work in connection with typical institutions of three kinds — those open only tomen, those open only to women, and those opento both men and women — I am confident thatin the future important progress is to be made inthis department of educational thought andpractice. It is hardly possible to suppose thatthe full significance of co-education has yet beenappreciated, or that its most complete form hasyet been attained. The direction in which suchforward steps may lead us cannot, of course, be accurately predicted ; but they will certainly include :(i) a closer definition of the term itself; (2) alarger elective privilege on the part of women asto the extent to which they shall or shall notmingle with men; (3) a similar larger electionon the part of men ; (4) a larger possibility forthe cultivation of what has properly been termedthe feeling of corporate existence in the institution concerned, on the part of both men andwomen ; (5) a larger opportunity for cultivatingthe life which is peculiarly woman's life, and, onthe other hand, the life which is peculiarly man's life. Certain limitations have already clearlyfixed themselves. It is not deemed proper thatmen and women should take physical exercisetogether in the gymnasium. It has never beenproposed that they should occupy the same hallsor dormitories. It is possible that experiencewill call attention to other limitations. It isenough, perhaps, to say that while co-educationis unquestionably to be recognized as a permanent element in American higher education, itsexact nature and the limitations which attend it,will, for a long time, furnish excellent subjectsfor consideration and experiment. It is important that our own University, situated in the heartof a great city, drawing its students from almostevery state, enrolling almost as many women asmen, should be one of the institutions whichshall undertake to make contribution to the present knowledge and experience on the subject ofco-education.THE LAW SCHOOL.Many times each week, and almost every day,we are asked the question : Is it not possible forthe University to establish a school of law andjurisprudence ? For several years the hope hasbeen entertained that, sooner or later, one ofChicago's worthy citizens would feel it his dutyto furnish the means for founding such a school.A school of law does not require the large endowment demanded by a school of technology,or a school of medicine. The sum of $500,000would be a larger sum for the foundation of aschool of law than the sum of $5,000,000 wouldbe for a school of technology or a school of medicine. The members of the bar in this city haveoften taken occasion to express the opinion thatthere was a place in the city of Chicago and theWest for a school of law, to which should beadmitted only those who had finished a collegecourse, or at least three years of such a course.A school conducted on this policy would naturally differ in many particulars from a school oflaw to which admission may be gained directlyfrom the high school. The University has studied308 UNIVERSITY RECORDthe problems connected with the establishmentof such a school. The factors required are : (i) alaw library of twenty-five or thirty thousand volumes ; (2) a building which would cost $100,000to $150,000, and (3) an endowment fund of$250,000 or more. It is possible that a schoolof law of high rank could be conducted without so large a library, or so expensive a building, or so great an endowment fund ; andalthough it is the ideal thing which the University desires to undertake, it may soon become aquestion whether, upon the whole, it is wise towait a longer time. Perhaps the friends of theUniversity might be willing to contribute $30,000to $50,000 for the purchase of the books absolutely required. Perhaps the tuition fee couldbe placed at so high a figure, and the number ofstudents asking for admission might be so numerous as to make it possible that the fees wouldprovide the cost of instruction. As a matter offact, it is true that the University has alreadymade provision in its regular work for courses ofinstruction which practically cover the first yearof the school of law. It is only necessary, therefore, to add to the present staff those who wouldgive instruction in the second and third years ofthe school of law. In any case, the question is onefor serious consideration ; and, again, I may suggest, an opportunity is presented which perhapssomeone will see fit to accept — the opportunityof cooperation with the University in a piece ofwork which is universally conceded to be necessary, and which with every year becomes morepressing.THE SCHOOL OF TECHNOLOGY.Another question frequently raised is this :Why does the University not undertake work inthe practical application of the great principlesworked out in science laboratories ? In otherwords, why does not the University establish aSchool of Technology in which instruction shallbe furnished in the different departments of engineering ? This question also has been seriouslyconsidered. Reference is here made, of course, not to mechanical work of a low order, but ratherto the highest grades of engineering work. It isa self-evident proposition, as shown by the history of education in this country, that a necessarydivision in a University scheme must be the workof Technology. It is true not only that the Technological school requires the background of theUniversity to support it and furnish the neededacademic atmosphere, but also the University requires that particular contribution to its life whichis the outgrowth of technological work, and without which the University is unable to touch alarge section of the community which it is expected to assist. It will not be disputed that thecity of Chicago furnishes the best situation in theUnited States for the development of a strongand highly developed School of Engineering.The future of engineering education in this citywill determine in large measure the future greatness of the city as a center of engineering operations. Chicago and the surrounding country maynot be satisfied to secure its engineers from foreign countries or from eastern cities. Chicagomust train her own sons, and, having reserved forher own work as many of them as shall be needed,generously provide the Northwest and Southwestand the far West with men who shall do valuableservice in the many divisions of the industrialworld. Can effort be made to secure such a concentration of interest on this subject as will giveChicago a place in the work of technological edu-tion, at least equal to that which is enjoyed bycities like Boston with its Massachusetts Instituteof Technology, Troy with its Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, and Pittsburg with its proposedCarnegie School ?INSTRUCTORS ON LEAVE OF ABSENCE.The following instructors have been on leaveof absence during the Autumn Quarter:Assistants : John J. Meyer, Walter WallaceAtwood, and Harry N. Whitford.Associates : Susan Helen Ballou and Edgar J.Goodspeed.Instructors : Addison W. Moore, TheodoreUNIVERSITY RECORD 309Lee Neff, Elizabeth Wallace, Luanna Robertson,and Forrest Ray Moulton.Assistant Professors : George H. Mead, ThomasP. Bailey, Jr., George H. Locke, Robert MorssLovett, William Vaughn Moody, and Leonard E.Dickson.Associate Professor : Oliver J. Thatcher.Professors : Charles R. Henderson, Paul Shorey,Frank Frost Abbott, Star Willard Cutting, WilliamC. Wilkinson, Sherburne Wesley Burnham, SamuelWesley Stratton, Robert Francis Harper, andFranklin Johnson.GIFTS AND DONATIONS.The following donations to the LaboratorySchool have been made during the present quarter :Mr. William B. Allbright - - - - - $120.00Mr. Enos M. Barton - - - - - 100.00Mr. George W. Blossom - - - - - 50.00Mr. A. V. Booth - - - - - - 50.00Miss Laura T. Brayton - - - - 30.00Mrs. C. G. Comstock - , - - - - 50.00Mr. E. E. Chandler - 100.00Mr. G. T. Greeley - - - - - - 100.00Mr. Charles F. Harding - - - - - - 200 . 00Mr. John T. Holland 25.00Mr. W. T. Jones - - 50.00Mr. William Kent - 600 . 00Mr. Edwin J. Kuh - - - - - 25.00Mrs. William R. Linn - - - - 500.00Mr. Francis Lillie - - - - - 200.00Mr. Warren Mc Arthur 100.00Mr. F. H. Montgomery 50.00Mrs. F. H. Montgomery - - - - - 50.00Mr. Adolph Nathan - - - - - - 100.00Mrs. Nellie G. O'Connor - - - - - 25.00Mr. Theo F. Rice 25.00Mr. Martin A. Ryerson - - '- - - 500.00Mr. Horace K. Tenney 50.00Mr. George A. Tripp - - - - - 12.50Mr. James J. Wait - - . - 25.00Mr. R. R. Whitehead - - - - - 100.00Mrs. Mary J. Willmarth - - - - - 100.00I am permitted to announce gifts which havebeen received by the University, and which havenot yet been made public, to the amount of$375>437* The donors of this money, and the purpose for which it has been given tothe University, may not at this time be madeknown.I am also permitted to announce a gift fromthe founder of the University, Mr. John D.Rockefeller, Sr., in amount $250,000, to be usedfor the general needs of the University duringthe scholastic year 190 1-2.I am still further permitted to announce a. second gift from Mr. Rockefeller toward thegeneral endowment fund of the University. Thissecond gift bears the date of December 1, 1901,The amount of the second is $1,000,000, to bepaid in cash or in securities approved by theTrustees.These gifts furnish evidence that in the statements addressed to us last June by Mr. Rockefeller, he was thoroughly sincere, and that it ishis purpose to continue, as heretofore, his closerelationship to the University.I am sure that the members of the Universityin all departments join with me in extendingcordial greeting to Mr. Jameson, who has sorecently entered upon the duties of the headshipof the Department of History, and to whom wehave this afternoon listened with so much pleasure and satisfaction. We do not forget thatveteran in the service of the University who stillremains connected with the University, but whofor the present at least is unable to perform hisduties as an officer of instruction for lack ofphysical strength. We rejoice, and he rejoiceswith us, that the responsibilities of this importantcharge have been accepted by a man so abundantly able to perform them. The University hasalready given direct evidence to Professor Jamesonof its appreciation of his ideals and of its desireto cooperate with him in meeting them. As aresult of his work and the cooperation of thetrustees, it is not too much to hope that theDepartment of History shall retain that commanding position among other departments ofwork which in the nature of the case it deservesto occupy. ¦310 UNIVERSITY RECORDTHE THANKSGIVING DAY SERVICE.Thanksgiving Day was observed at the University by exercises connected with the laying of thecorner stone of the Frank Dickinson BartlettGymnasium. Kent Theater was filled to thedoor at 10 : 30 a. m. Dean Eri Baker Hulbertpresided. After music by the University of Chicago Military Band, the singing of the hymn,"Come, Thou Almighty King," and prayer bythe Rev. H. W. Thomas, D.D., the Universitypreacher for the month, Dean Hulbert introduced the speaker of the day, the Rev. Frank W.Gunsaulus, president of the Armour Institute ofTechnology, on behalf of the Board of PhysicalCulture and Athletics.Dr. Gunsaulus then delivered the Thanksgiving sermon speaking especially on the reflexaction of gratitude.Dr. Gunsaulus* address was followed by thesinging of the national hymn "America." Themarshal of the day, Dr. J. E. Raycroft, made thenecessary announcements, and the procession tothe site of the new gymnasium was formed inthis order :The Head Marshal of the University.The University of Chicago Military Band.The Armour Institute Fife and Drum Corps.The President of /the University and the Donor of the Gymnasium.The Orator of the Day and the University Preacher.The President of the Board of Trustees and the Directorof Physical Culture and Athletics.The Secretary of the Board of Trustees and the Chairmanof the Committee on Corner Stone Exercises.The Trustees of the University and the Guests of the University.The Architect of the Gymnasium and the Decorator.The Faculties of the University.The Wearers of the University "C."-'The Members of the Student Councils.THE CORNER STONE CEREMONYOF THE FRANK DICKINSON BARTLETT GYMNASIUM.At the close of the exercises in Kent Theaterthe procession marched to the site of the newgymnasium at the corner of 57th street andLexington avenue. The following introductory statement was madeby the President of the University:Ladies and Gentlemen : It was just ten years ago this.month, November, that the arrangements were finally completed for the organization of the Department of PhysicalCulture and Athletics in the University. It was the thoughtof the Trustees at that time that the gymnasium would beone of the first four or five building to be erected on theUniversity grounds. A statement to that effect was made toMr. Stagg, and he came to the l/niversity with the fullexpectation that there would be furnished a well-equippedbuilding for the work of the department which he represents.At two or three times during the year preceding the openingof the University it seemed quite certain that such a buildingwas about to be secured. On the first of July, when onlyninety days remained until the time should come for theopening of the doors of the University to students, it was-decided to build a temporary structure which might providefacilities for two or three years. Ten years have passed andthe department is still doing its work in a temporary structure. The difficulties with which the staff of the departmenthave had to contend have been almost incalculable. Thespirit with which these difficulties have been met, on the partof staff and students, has been admirable.We rejoice today that within the coming year the department will have a permanent home in a building of adequatesize and provided with proper facilities of instruction. Werejoice that a citizen of Chicago, one of the trustees of theUniversity, has thought it wise to erect this building of whichthe corner stone is now about to be laid — a building whichwill represent educational work as it stands related to thebody, the physical well-being of the student. And we rejoicethat in the erection of this building there shall be foreverpreserved a memorial of that young life taken from us sosuddenly and mysteriously. His was a short life, but a trueone, and while our rejoicing is mingled with sa'dness, wemay nevertheless remember that it was a life so pure andstrong that notwithstanding its brevity, it deserves the lasting and magnificent memorial which has been establishedby a loving father. As the first stone in this great structuretakes its place, let us recall the beautiful memories of thepast, and let us look forward to the great and splendidpossibilities of the future which shall always be connectedwith the name of Frank Dickinson Bartlett.The Director of Physical Culture and Athletics,.Professor A. A. Stagg, presented the followingstatement :Yonder stands the remains of the old gymnasium; hererises the foundation of the new one. We cheerfully view thepassing away of the old structure ; our hearts beat quicklywith joy and gladness at the contemplation pf the new.UNIVERSITY RECORD 311Few buildings have had the sorrows of our old gymnasium.Students cursed it. The Faculty abhorred it. Botany professors despised it. Everybody united in calling it a " bloton the landscape."It once stood up firm on its foundations, with consciouspride in its stability and usefulness. Gradually its spirit hasbeen broken ; its wooden footings have lost hope ; and it hassunken lower and lower at the coming of each new building,as if heart-broken at its own decay and the glory of itsneighbors.For eight years the old gymnasium, which ought still to beyoung, has struggled unmanfully against decay. Sunkenand buried to its window-sills, with cracked walls and rottenfloors — pitfalls for unwary feet, with leaky roof to let in thedrippings of heaven, with rats and mice sufficient to keep outbiological laboratories in specimens for many a year, andfinally, as if it had not suffered enough, with its more beautiful and better half torn from its embrace to make room forthe new Commons — it stands yonder only an object of yourpity.Whether by the mute appeal of this woeful existence, orby the prayers of the many sons and daughters who havesuffered during the past eight long years, the pitying heartof heaven has sent us deliverance. Moses has come. Thepromised land is at hand.All hail to our deliverer. All hail to his name.In vision I see a continuous and unending processionof stalwart, courageous," and manly men reaching downthrough the centuries. These are they who have passedforth from this glorious building. Strong and earnest andconfident they go to fight the battle of life. Vigorous mentally, powerful physically, they take up life's burdens andresponsibilities with the enthusiasm and confidence born ofsuperb health and robust mind.Listen ! I hear them singing. It is the song of a greatmultitude, perfectly attuned. It is a hallelujah to our donor.The secretary of the Board of Trustees, Dr. T.W. Goodspeed, read the following list of articlesdeposited in the corner stone :Photograph of Frank Dickinson Bartlett ; Bible belonging to him ; coat of arms of his alma mater — Harvard University; University publications — the Register, etc.; studentpublications — the Cap and Gown and the Weekly; directoryof the alumni ; addresses delivered at the laying of the cornerstone ; photograph of the founder; photographs of the University buildings ; Chicago daily papers ; proceedings of theIntercollegiate Conference of Faculty Representatives ofAthletic Committees or Board of Control of Western Universities to date ; A. A. Stagg's Treatise on American Football;H. Butterworth's How To, and Exercise for Everybody ;list of men who have won the "C " up to this date ; official programme, football season 1901; the Standard; programme of the Thanksgiving Day exercises ; official statement of Mr. Bartlett's donation for erection of building.After the donor of the gymnasium, Mr.Adolphus C. Bartlett, had spread the mortarwith deliberate care, and seen the stone adjustedto its place, Dr. Gunsaulus spoke as follows :There is no finer quality of gratitude manifested in anyrealm of life than that which is apparent when at some seatof learning the heritage of the past is so visibly appreciated that men propose to themselves an enrichment ofthe future. There are mighty family ties which connectus with those progenitors of the intellectual and spirituallife whom we cannot honor with more of expressed thankfulness than by energizing what they have given us in analliance with what we may give. Toilsome indeed hasbeen the way out of the ascetic ideal which cared little forthe body as an instrumentality of the mind, and noble isthe vision of today when the scholar looks out from anoccasion like this upon a race of students and doers in theworld's scenes of activity whose full-orbed life promises afull-orbed achievement.It is with admirable fitness that we gather here on thisThanksgiving Day to lay the corner stone of a buildingdevoted to that branch of education which is called " physical culture." This building is at once a memorial of thepast and an inspiring collection of instrumentalities pledgedto the larger and more effective future of the cultivatedAmerican.Those of us who were privileged to know the sunny-hearted and large-brained young man in whose memorythis building is now consecrated will remember him as notless nobly made and thoroughly trained in body than inmind and heart. If ever there was a young man who madeone confident of the subtle and supreme consonance of souland body in their rhythmic mutualness of expression, thatboy was Frank Bartlett. I always felt more surely, as I sawhim come and go in the days past, the truthful significanceof Robert Browning's words :" Let us not always say,' Spite of this flesh todayI strove, made head, gained ground upon the whole.'As the bird wings and sings,Let us cry, * All good thingsAre ours; nor soul helps flesh more, now, than fleshhelps soul.' "Nature had been most liberal with him in giving, not onlya sheath in whose enfoldings the spiritual man developedalong with and out of the natural man, but nature so richlyordered his constitution that the highest joy of youth,namely, the transformation of physical strength into intellectual and spiritual power, was his heritage and experience.312 UNIVERSITY RECORDVitality with him meant virility, and virility meant virtue.Unspoiled by the privileges of wealth, sternly accordantwith the laws and proprieties of love in a most charminghome, with an outlook upon the world of business Halfinherited and half conditioned by his own superb physicaland mental powers, this young man stands today upon apedestal of our thought and affection which rises out of athousand frustrated hopes and broken dreams which heilluminated, and his personality makes this a significanthour to our American culture. How great is the power ofDeath oftentimes to give a man his place in the realm ofmost far-reaching influences ! We who lovingly looked outinto his future could not have desired for him a greater ministry than this to which he has attained. Age after age theinvisible arm of this stalwart and sweet youth will openthese doors and his cheery voice, unheard save by the soul,shall welcome to these ,halls those whose learning and powerin the world will depend upon a sound mind in a sound body.It was Aristotle who insisted that philosophy, music, andphysical culture should be united in the root of character ;and it is a fortunate thing that this young man's characterwas sufficiently spacious and deep that as these things gettheir impulse there, they shall grow and flower and fruit inthe life of this university as the radiant expression of character. This corner stone ought, in sympathy with the personality of Frank Bartlett and according to the purposes of thisChristian University, to be laid with prayer and thanksgiving unto Him who as a young man taught us the use andpossibility of the body, by leading us into the chambers ofthe soul as it is revealed -by himself, even Christ Jesus. Letus pray.Closing his address, Dr. Gunsaulus led theaudience in the Lord's Prayer.The University "C," voted by the Board ofAthletics and Physical Culture in recognition ofgood service on the athletic teams, was presentedto the following men :J. M. Sheldon, O. E. Atwood, C. G. Flanagan, F. O.Horton, J. G. McNab, E. E. Perkins, G. H. Garrey, C. S.Jennison, B. Straus, R. B. Kennedy, M. M. Beddall, F. A.Speik, P. M. Conrad, A. C. Ellsworth, L. W. Maxwell, J. J.Laird.The benediction was pronounced by Dr.Thomas. In the interval between the exercisesat the corner stone and the football game onMarshall field (Chicago vs. Wisconsin) a luncheonwas served by the University to its guests at theQuadrangle Club. THE ANNUAL UNIVERSITY DEBATE.The first annual university debate was held inKent Theater on Friday evening, December 13.Although the event met with strenuous opposition from other attractions and inclement weather, there was in attendance one of the largestaudiences in the history of our collegiate debates.In the quality of the work, also, there was anadvance over similar occasions in previousyears.The reason for progress is not difficult to find.Since the Spring Quarter of 1897 it has been thecustom of the University to hold twelve annualcontests in public speaking. Four of these werein declamation, two in oratory, and six in debate.And inasmuch as none of the regular Universitycontests provided for our intercollegiate affairs, itwas necessary each year to have additional contests to select representatives for the Central Debating League and for the Northern OratoricalLeague. With so many contests to provide for itis easy to see how a large sum of money wasspent with no very satisfactory results. The individual prizes were not large enough to produceenthusiasm, and the frequency of the meetingsmade them seem much like regular work. Thisyear a new policy was inaugurated. The declamation contests for the Junior Colleges continueeach quarter, with the exception of the SummerQuarter ; but all debates have given place to theannual university debate, to be held in theAutumn Quarter, and all contests in oratory arehenceforth to be merged in the annual oratoricalcontest, to be held in the Winter Quarter. Theprizes hitherto offered in the Senior Colleges, inthe Graduate Schools, and in the Divinity Schoolare now concentrated upon two events, and whatever interest there may be in either oratory ordebate will henceforth find opportunity for expression but once each year.It may be premature to pronounce the newplan a success, but from the date of its announcement there has been a marked increase of interestin debating. A larger number took part in theUNIVERSITY RECORD 313preliminaries, and the average of ability washigher than in previous years.The final debate showed careful preparation.The speakers were C. A.. Huston, V. S. Phillips,L. P. Lewis, Elbert Russell, W. H. Head, and J.K. Hart. The first three supported the affirmative, the second three the negative, of the question :Resolved, That the policy of the United States in extending the franchise to the negro was hasty and ill-advised.The judges were Associate Professors Freund,Shepardson, and Clark, Assistant Professor Hill,and Mr. Chandler, all specialists in lines mostclosely related to the subject and the occasion.Dean Judson presided. The discussion was exceedingly interesting, and the speakers showedthat much could be said on both sides. At theclose of the debate honors were even, so far asaffirmative and negative were concerned. Thejudges retired, and without consultation eachjudge passed in his ranking of the individual debaters. The sum of the ranks placed the speakers in the following order of excellence : Phillips,Huston, Lewis, Head, Russell, and Hart. Thefirst three are to represent the University in theintercollegiate debate, and each receives a prizeof fifty dollars and a scholarship for one year.The second three act as alternates, each receivinga scholarship for one quarter.With so good a beginning and such spirit asthe men showed in the home contest, there certainly will be a fine debate in Minneapolis, January 10, 1902, when the representatives of theUniversity of Chicago meet the representatives ofthe University of Minnesota.OFFICIAL REPORTS.The degree of Doctor of Philosophy was conferred at the Fortieth Convocation on BurtonEdward Livingston and Nevin Melancthon Fen-neman.Mr. Livingston was graduated from the University of Michigan in 1898, receiving the degree of S.B. He matriculated in the University ofChicago in July, 1899, and has been in residenceup to date. His principal work has been in theDepartment of Botany, and his secondary subjectwas Physiology.The two following papers have been preparedand published during his residence at the University:1. "On the Nature of the Stimulus which Causes theChange of Form in Polymorphic Green Algae." BotanicalGazette, Vol. XXX, pp. 289-317, 2 plates.2. "Further Notes on the Physiology of Polymorphism inGreen Algae." Botanical Gazette, Vol. XXXII, pp. 292-302.A third paper, entitled "The Distribution of the Plant Societies of Kent County, Michigan," accompanied by a map,is completed and will be published in the next Report of theState Geologist of Michigan.BRIEF OF THESIS.The Role of Diffusion and Osmotic Pressure in Plant Physiology.The thesis is divided into two parts, the first presentingthe physical aspect of osmotic pressure and diffusion, thesecond their r61e in plant physiology.In the first part, chap, i deals with "Matter and itsStates," being a somewhat elementary treatise on the fundamental facts and theories of the nature of matter. Chap, iideals with "Diffusion and Diffusion Tension" in gases,liquids, and solids. Then follows (chap, iii) a treatmentof solutions, and one (chap, iv) of ionization both in gasesand liquid solutions. Chap, v contains a rather thoroughreview of the facts and theories of osmotic pressure, andchap, vi discusses ways of calculating and determining osmotic pressure.The first chapter of the second part considers the subjectof turgor. Beginning with a discussion of the physical nature of protoplasm, it passes to the subject of the protoplasmic membranes, their nature, and the nature of the osmoti-cally active substances of the cell sap. The chapterconcludes with a discussion of the relation of turgor to vitalactivity. The second chapter discusses methods by whichwater is absorbed into the plant, and those methods of water transport which depend upon osmotic action. Chap, iiitreats in a similar manner of the absorption and transmission of solutes. Chap, iv considers the influence of theosmotic pressure of the medium upon the growth, reproduction, and irritability of the organism. It concludes with adiscussion of the analogy between the effects of water losswhen produced by external osmotic pressure and by other,means, such as drying and cooling. In this chapter arebrought in the author's own results on the growth of thegreen alga, Stigeoclonium, in solutions of various chemical314 UNIVERSITY RECORDcompositions and of various osmotic pressures. In thiswork (already published in the Botanical Gazette, Vol.XXX, pp. 289-317, 1900; Vol. XXXII, pp. 292-302, 1901)it was conclusively shown that the changes in form of theplant are due, not to any chemical effect of the solutes ofthe medium, but to its osmotic pressure alone.Throughout the thesis the literature of the various subjects is brought up to date and numerous citations aremade.Mr. Fenneman, born at Lima, O., 1865, graduated from Heidelberg College, Tiffin, O., withthe degree of A.B., June, 1883. He studiedphysiography at Harvard University under Professor William M. Davis during the summer of1895, and entered the Odgen (Graduate) Schoolof Science, the University of Chicago, July, 1897,where he remained during three quarters, electinggeology as his principal and mineralogy as hissecondary subject. In residence, he engaged inthesis work, second term of Spring Quarter, 1899.The degree of A.M. was conferred, January, 1900.Appointed to fellowship in Geology, March, 1900.Engaged in field work in geology on the lakes ofeastern Wisconsin, summers of 1900 and 1901.Work done under the auspices of the WisconsinGeological and Natural History Survey, butcarried on in connection with studies in theUniversity of Chicago, and forming basis ofDoctor's thesis. Entered as candidate for thedegree of Ph.D., November, 1900. In residencecontinuously (with exception of Summer Quarter,1 901) to December, 1901. Appointed to seniorfellowship in geology, March, 1901.BRIEF OF THESIS.The Development of the Profile of Equilibrium of the Subaqueous ShoreTerrace.The following are the leading points :In oscillatory waves the action on a shallow bottom is in thedirection opposite to that in which the waves are traveling.Currents in the direction of wave propagation result froman interference with backward movement at the bottom.This bottom action may be reversed by winds if the wateris not obliged to return as a bottom current ; this action andundertow may be partially overcome by translatory waveaction.On a shelving bottom the tendencies to distort wave formare counteracted by tendencies to recover normal form. Undertow is increased in volume with distance from theshore.Convexity of the front of a terrace results from depositionat an increasing rate.The normal off-shore profile is a compound curve ; concave upward near shore, and convex at the front of the marginal terrace.The proportions of this curve vary with the amount ofload.Of two currents, each supplied with drift to its full capacity, the more effective will be in equilibrium with its loadnearer the surface of the water.Barriers are due to currents alongshore, according to theabove principle.Barriers are built when the slope off-shore is abnormallylow. Owing to the nature of the compound curve, this condition is fulfilled when the water level falls.Much transportation at depths greater than wave-base isindicated by dredgings.LIBRARY REPORT.During the Autumn Quarter, September-December, 1 90 1 there has been added to the Libraryof the University a total number of 5230 volumesfrom the following sources :Books added by purchase, 3921 volumes, distributed as follows :General Library, 338 vols.; Philosophy, 5.3vols.; Pedagogy, 28 vols.; Political Economy,42 vols.; Political Science, 74 vols.; History,1454 vols.; Classical Archaeology, 4 vols.; Classical Archseolgy and Greek, 1 vol.; Sociology, nvols.; Sociology (Divinity), 4 vols.; Anthropology? 3 vols.; Comparative Religion, 15 vols.;Semitic, 69 vols.; New Testament, 4 vols.; Sanskrit and Comparative Philology, 34 vols.; Greek,95 vols.; Latin, 30 vols.; Latin and Greek, 8 vols.;Romance, 73 vols.; German, 68 vols.; English,586 vols.; Mathematics, 27 vols.; Mathematicsand Astronomy, 1 vol.; Astronomy (Ryerson), 5vols.; Astronomy (Yerkes), 4 vols.; Chemistry,41 vols.; Physics, 20 vols.; Geology, 7 vols.; Zoology, 198 vols.; Anatomy, 26 vols.; Anatomy(Medicine), 127 vols.; Palaeontolagy, 14 vols.;Neurology, 24 vols.; Physiology, 22 vols.; Physio-.logical Chemistry, 20 vols.; Biology, 2 vols.;Botany, 81 vols.; Public Speaking, 1 vol.; ChurchUNIVERSITY RECORD 315History, 14 vols.; Systematic Theology, 5 vols.;Homiletics, 5 vols.; Morgan Park Academy, 132vols.; Commerce and Administration, 90 vols.;Physical Culture, 4 vols.; Zoology and Botany, 3vols.; Bacteriology, 25 vols.; Pathology, 16 vols.;Haskell, 1 vol.; Latin, Greek, Sanskrit, and Comparative Philology, 12 vols.Books added by gift/1018 volumes, distributedas follows :General Library, 561 vols.; Philosophy, 1 vol.;Pedagogy, 5 vols.; Pedagogy (Elementary School),3 vols.; Political Economy, 40 vols.; PoliticalScience, 2 vols.; History, 6 vols.; Classical Archaeology, 1 vol.; Sociology, 3 vols.; Sociology(Divinity), 5 vols.; Anthropology, 1 vol.; Comparative Religion, 1 vol.; Semitic, 21 vols.; NewTestament, 8 vols.; Greek 2 vols.; Romance, 3vols.; German, 1 vol.; English, 5 vols.; Mathematics, 100 vols.; Astronomy (Ryerson), 1 vol.;Astronomy (Yerkes), 39 vols.; Chemistry, 5 vols.;Physics, 7 vols.; Geology, 28 vols.; Zoology, 13vols.; Anatomy, 9 vols*; Neurology, 7 vols.;Physiological Chemistry, 1 vol.; Biology, 9 vols.;Botany, 20 vols.; Church History, 23 vols.; Systematic Theology, 1 vol.; Homiletics, 1 vol.;Morgan Park Academy, 20 vols.; Commerce andAdministration, 29 vols.; Divinity, 6 vols.; Dano-Norwegian Theological Seminary, 2 vols.; Swedish Theological Seminary, 25 vols.; President'sOffice, 3 vols.Books added by exchange for University publications, 391 vols., distributed as follows :General Library, 141 vols.; Philosophy, 4 vols.;Pedagogy, 7 vols.; Political Economy, 27 vols.;Political Science, 9 vols.; History, 7 vols.; Sociology, 10 vols.; Comparative Religion, 5 vols.;Semitic, 19 vols.; New Testament, 24 vols.; Astronomy (Yerkes), 1 vol.; Chemistry, 1 vol.; Physics, 2 vols.; Geology, 17 vols.; Zoology, 4 vols.;Physiological Chemistry, 12 vols.; Botany, 47vols.; Church History, 27 vols.; Systematic Theology, n vols.; Homiletics, 10 vols.; MorganPark Academy, 2 vols.; Zoology and Botany, 2vols.; Divinity, 2 vols. SPECIAL GIFTS.City of Berlin, 4 vols. Documents.City of Bremen, 11 vols. Documents.City of Leipzig, 7 vols. Documents.City of Nurenberg, 3 vols. Documents.City of Stuttgart, 9 vols. Documents.City of Aachen, 45 vols. Documents.Australia, 4 vols. Documents.Canada Department of Agriculture, 5 vols.Yearbooks.United States Government, 103 vols. Documents.Mrs. G. L. Smith, 10 vols. Nation, 5 vols. RevuePolitique et Litteraire.Mr. E. B. Bliss, 9 vols. Periodicals.J. B. Lippincott Co., 8 vols. Mathematicaltext-books.Mr. Wm. S. Harman, 5 vols. U. S. documents.The Yale Corporation, 3 vols. Literary Diaryof Ezra Stiles.Argentine Republic, 4 vols. Documents.Thomas R. Shewell, 7 vols. Mathematicaltext-books.Macmillan Co., 12 vols. Mathematical textbooks.Chris. Sower Co., 5 vols. Mathematical textbooks.Ginn and Co., 12 vols. Mathematical textbooks.State of Maryland, 3 vols. Documents.Am. Hereford Cattle Breeder's Ass'n, 21 vols.Record.Werner School Book Co., 7 vols. Text-books.Mr. A. K. Parker, 4 vols. Theological works.Philadelphia Commercial Museum, 5 vols.Monographs.Minneapolis Chamber of Commerce, 3 vols.Reports.Mich. Merino Sheep Breeders' Ass'n, 3 vols.Register.London Board of Trade, 2 vols. Reports.New York Life Insurance Co., 3 vols. Reports-Canada Geological Survey, 2 vols. Reports.316 UNIVERSITY RECORDMr. S. Suzuki, i vol. Surgical and medicalHistory of the Naval War between Japan andChina in 1894-5.New York Produce Exchange, 22 vols. Reports.Mr. Samuel A. Green, 10 vols, and 24 pamphlets, historical and miscellaneous.Pres. J. G. Schurmann, 2 vols. Report ofPhilippine Commission.THE FACULTIES.Dr. Waldemar Koch, of Harvard University,has been appointed assistant in pharmacology.Professor Nathaniel Butler addressed the students of Kalamazoo College, September 23, on"College and Life."Professor A. W. Small recently delivered threelectures at the University of Wisconsin, on "AGeneral View of Sociology."Assistant Professor George H. Locke addressedthe members of Victoria University, Toronto,Canada, on "The Life of a College."Professor E. D. Burton, of the Department ofBiblical and Patristic Greek, is spending his vacation during the Winter Quarter in Arizona.Dr. C. E. Merriam delivered an address on"The Twentieth Century Democracy" before theLenox College, Hopkinston, la., September 4.Professor Isaac B. Burgess gave a lecture on"Roman Private Life," illustrated by the stereopticon, October 18, 1901, at the Morgan ParkAcademy.Recent appointments in the Department ofAnatomy include that of Mr. R. R. Bensley, asassistant professor, and that of Mr. B. C. Harvey,as assistant.... During the third week in August ProfessorOskar Bolza gave a colloquium on the " Calculusof Variations " in connection with the summermeeting of the American Mathematical Society,at Ithaca, N. Y. President Harper is delivering a course of sixUniversity Extension lectures, on "The Place ofProphecy in the Old Testament," before thecentre in Oak Park.Professor H. H. Donaldson delivered an address on " Law of the Innervation of the Frog'sLeg "before the University of Chicago MedicalClub, November 18.President Harper attended the Yale Bicentennial exercises during the week of October 20 and26, and made the address as the representative ofthe colleges of the West.Miss Amy E. Tanner is now principal of Dr.Sudduth's School for Nervous and DefectiveChildren, at Lake Forest, but still continues herwork in connection with University College.Associate Professor S. H. Clark addressedteachers' institutes at Cleveland, O., September14 and 15 ; at Brandon, Manitoba, September 24,and at Portage La Prairie, Man., September 25.Assistant Professor George Emory Fellows, ofthe Department of History, has accepted thepresidency of the University of Maine, and entersupon his new duties with the beginning of thenew year.The office of Dr. John M. Dodson, Dean ofMedical Students, is now in the Anatomy Building. Owing to the advent of large numbers ofmedical students, every room in the Hull Laboratories is now crowded.Associate Professor Jerome H. Raymond delivered the commencement address at the American College for Girls, in Constantinople, June 19,1901, discussing "William Morris and the Application of Art to Everyday Life."Professor Francis W. Parker lectured at teachers' institutes at Charlottetown, Prince EdwardIsland, Canada, September 12, 13 and 14, on thegeneral subject * of "The New Education." OnOctober 7 he gave an address on the same topicbefore the Baptist Ministers' Conference inChicago.UNIVERSITY RECORD 317Professors George S. Goodspeed and GeorgeB. Foster are spending their vacation at DeLand,Fla., the former working on his forthcomingbook, Assyrian and Babylonian History, to bepublished soon.Assistant Professor George E. Fellows lectured before the Boone county teachers' institute,at Lebanon, Ind., August 26 to September 1, andbefore the Montgomery county institute, at Craw-fordsville, Ind., September 23, his subject being," The Nineteenth Century in Europe."Assistant Professor James Henry Breasted addressed the members of the Quadrangle Club,Friday, October 25, on the subject, "Two Yearsin European Egypt" (experiences in workingamong the Egyptian collections in the museumsof England and the continent.)Professor Robert Francis Harper, of the SemiticDepartment, is in London for a year, duringwhich time he will continue the work of copyingand preparing for publication the Assyrian andBabylonian Letters belonging to the "K " collections, of which five volumes have already appeared.Professor Shailer Mathews, of the DivinitySchool, has taken a class of theological studentsfor study in Palestine. Professor Mathews sailedfrom New York about the middle of December,1 90 1, and will return during the early part ofApril, 1902. At least seven weeks will be spentin Palestine. During this time courses will beconducted in the " Historical Geography of Palestine" and the " Life of Jesus."Professor Charles Richmond Henderson has oflate spent several semesters at the University ofLeipzig. The philosophic faculty of that university has conferred on him the degree of doctorof philosophy, in recognition of his studies ineconomics, statistics, and pedagogy. The votewas unanimous, and with the remark "die hochsteNote," equivalent to our sutnma cum laude. Histhesis was on the subject "Die okonomische Lageder kleineren Kollegien im Staate Illinois, Ver.St." The following "Roman item" has been received from Professor Frank F. Abbott, nowstaying at Rome :Eight members of the University are* in attendance on theAmerican School of Classical Studies in Rome: Messrs. Ax-tell, Comparette, Gray, Schoonover, and Miss Canfield ofthe Graduate Schools, Miss Edmond, who received the master's degree a few years ago, Miss Van Deman, a doctor ofthe University, and Miss Ballou, an instructor in the LatinDepartment. Miss Ballou holds the traveling fellowship ofthe Collegiate Alumnae Association. Miss Thompson heldthis fellowship last year, so that the honor has been won bymembers of the University in two successive years.Professor Franklin Johnson is in Rome studying mediaeval art, Professor Thatcher is working in the Vatican library, and Professor Abbot is the annual professor fromAmerica in the Classical School.THE ALUMNI.NOTES AND COMMUNICATIONS.W. H. Arbogast, '97, is pastor of the UnitedBrethren Church at Bradley, 111.Robert E. Graves, '98, formerly teacher ofphysics in the Hyde Park High School, is nowinstructor of physics in Hahnemann Medical College.The thesis of F. B. R. Hellems, Ph.D., '98, onLex de Imperis Vespasiani, is the first in a newseries of select dissertations from American universities, published by Scott, Foresman & Co.Dr. Hellems is professor of Latin in the University of Colorado.Professor Charles R. Henderson, '70, has received the degree of Doctor of Philosophy fromthe University of Leipzig in recognition of hiswork in economics, statistics, and pedagogy. Thegrade was equal to the "Summa cum laude"granted by the University of Chicago.The Medical News of New York, November 16,contains an illustrated article on " The Makingof a Modern Medical School — A Sketch of RushMedical College," by Dr. J. Edwin Rhodes, '76,historian and associate professor of diseases ofchest, throat, and nose, Rush Medical College.The article has since appeared in pamphlet form.318 UNIVERSITY RECORDDr. Harry D. Wiley, '97, was married to JanetOrr Laurie Thomson, of Glencoe, 111., November 27.James W. Fertig, Ph.D., '98, professor of history at Lewis Institute and secretary of the Chicago Historical Society, has obtained for theHistorical Society the diary and correspondence,state and personal, of James K. Polk. The purchase was made of the heirs in Nashville for$35°°-At the recent Phi Beta Kappa, the Beta ofIllinois chapter dinner, given at the QuadrangleClub, the following alumni were present :Lilian C. Banks, '00 ; Max Batt, Ph.B. '97, Ph. D. '01 ;Mary G. Borough, '00; Helen Carmody, '01 ; Lydia A.Dexter, '84 ; Elizabeth Faulkner, '85 ; Lee J. Frank, '00 ;Helen Gardner, '01 ; Kate Gordon, '00; Frank A. Helmer,'78; John C. Hessler, A.B. '96, Ph.D. '99; Robert L.Hughes, A.B. '95, A.M. '99 ; Mary C. Lewis, '95; Susan W.Lewis, '95; David J. Lingle, '85; Angeline Loesch, '98;Margaret Morgan, '01; Roy B. Nelson, '01; Louise Roth,'00; Herbert E. Slaught, Ph.D. '98; James WestfallThompson, Ph.D. '95; George E. Vincent, Ph.D. '96; EllaK. Walker, '01; Nina E.Weston, '01; Henry R. Hatfield,Ph.D. '97; Minnie Barnard, '01.At the corner stone laying of the new BartlettGymnasium a number of alumni who have wonthe "C" were present and took part in theexercises. The following alumni have won the" C " since the University's first bestowal of thathonor:Harry D. Abells, '98; Henry M. Adkinson, '97, A.M. '97;William H.Andrews, 01; Philip S. Allen, Ph.D. '97; CecilV. Bachelle*, '97, S.M. '98; Charles L. Burroughs, '99; ArthurE. Beers, '97; Lee Byrne, A.M. '99; Charles K. Bliss, '97;Gilbert A. Bliss, '97, A.M. '98, Ph.D. '00; Warren P. Behan,'94, D.B. '97, Ph.D. '99; William S. Bond, '97; ScottBrown, '97; Herbert M. Burchard, Ph.D. '00; Fred H. H.Calhoun, '98; Frank C. Cleveland, '01 ; Harry I. Coy, '98;Henry T. Clarke, '96; Maurice G. Clarke, '99; Spencer C.Dickerson,'97; William P. Drew, '97; Charles V. Drew, '99;Joseph C. Ewing, '01; William F. Eldridge, '01; Nott W.Flint, '98; Joseph M. Flint, '95; Herbert W. Fox, '95; NewellM. Fair, '99; Henry G. Gale, '96, Ph.D. '99; Walter E.Garrey, Ph.D. '00; George H. Garrey, 'oi; Julius F. Goode-now, '01; Harry N. Gottlieb, '00; Ralph C. Hamill, '99;Clarence B. Herschberger, '98; John F. Hagey, '98; ArthurHancock, '95; Charles D. W. Halsey, '00; August F. Holste, '99; Hayden E. Jones, '98; Hugh G. Leighton, '00;John Lamay, '95; Curtis R. Manning, 'oi; Fred Merrifield,'98, D.B. '01; Theron W. Mortimer, '00; Carr B. Neel, '97;Fred D. Nichols, '97; Mortimer B. Parker, '01 ; Charles S.Pike, '96; Earl W. Peabody, '96; Joseph E. Raycroft, '96;Philip Rand, '97; Donald R. Richberg, '01 ; Fred F. Steig-meyer, '97; Kellogg Speed, 'oi; Harry W. Stone, '96; ByronB. Smith, '99; George H. Sawyer, '99; Walter J. Schmahl,'00; Robert N. Tooker, '97; John E. Webb, '99, A.M., '00;George L. L. White, '98; Charles S. Winston, '96; Ralph W.Webster, '95; Edward O.Wood, 'oi; L. Brent Vaughan, '97.The Alumni list was increased at the last Convocation, December 17, by the addition of 27names. The future addresses and positions (asfar as known) are as follows :Baer, Joseph Louis, S.B. 'oi. Medical Student. 8 North Hall, University of Chicago.Barker, Frank Perkins, A.B. 'oi. Reporter, Inter Ocean. 5731 Monroeav., Chicago.Bowen, May Haines, A.B. '01. Manhattan, Kan.Brown, Ralph Grissman, S.B. '01. Medical Student. 6028 Kimbark av.,Chicago.Cody, Roy Eldon, A.B. '01. Student. 42 Middle D. University ofChicago.Davis, George Gilbert, A.B. '01. Medical Student. 2622 Prairie av.,Chicago.Elliott, James Mortimer, A.B. 'oi. Teacher. 1230 Sheridan road, Chicago.Fowler, Alfred Hugh,8A.B. 'oi. Medical student, 6953 Eggleston av.,Chicago.Gantz, Virgil Milton, Ph.B. '01. 1623 Ashland av. Indianapolis, Ind.Jenkins, Edith Daisy, Ph.B. '01. 534 Washington boul., Chicago.Kennedy, Julia Emily, Ph.B. '01. 310, 8th av., Seattle, Wash.McGavock, Martha Pierce, Ph.B. '01. Graham Forge, Va.Neptune, Carl Irvin, A.B. '01. Memphis, Tenn.Paltzer, Katharine Woodruff, Ph.B, 'oi. 20 Drexel square, Chicago.Parker, Marguerite Virginia, S.B. '01. 404 S. Adams St., Peoria, 111.Pettit, Milton Howard, Ph.B. '01. Business. 488 Prairie av., Kenosha,Wis.Redpath, John Martin, A.B. 'oi. 5463 Monroe av., Chicago.Reynolds, Arthur, A.B. 'oi. Teacher. Morgan Park, 111.Rigby, Grace Kendrick, Ph.B. 'oi. 100 N. Cherry St., Vicksburg, Miss.Robinson, Benjamin Willard, A.B. 'oi. 6530 Lafayette av., Chicago.Solenberger, Harvey Monroe, Ph.B. '01. Business. Polo, 111.Van Patten, Charles McKay, A.B. '01. 408 Bowen av., Chicago.Walters, Arthur John, Ph.B. 'oi. Wyoming, 111.Young, Howard Sloane, Ph.B. 'oi. Law Student. 1818 N. Capital av.,Chicago.Young, Mary Elizabeth, A.B. '01. 931 Berteau av., Chicago.Fenneman, Nevin Melanchton, Ph.D. 'oi. Professor University of Colorado. Boulder, Colo.Livingston, Burton Edward, Ph.D. '01. Assistant. University of Chicago,Chicago.STUDENT ORGANIZATIONS.At a meeting of the Merit Board, composed ofthe managing editor, Mr. Herbert E. Fleming ;Mr. J. W. Linn, faculty representative, and Mr.Charles W. Collins, a member of the board selected by the editors, the following men wereUNIVERSITY RECORD 319chosen to make up the editorial board during theWinter and Spring Quarters : Charles W. Collins,Douglas Sutherland, H. Wilkinson Ford, W.Ralph Kerr, Jr., Robert L. Henry, Jr., Leon P.Lewis, and Milton G. Sills. Miss CharlotteSmith and Miss Elizabeth Clarke were selectedas women editors.At a meeting of the new board, held December20, Mr. Charles W. Collins was elected to themanaging editorship during the Winter Quarter,1902. Six members were present, Mr. Kerr beingabsent on account of sickness. The vote wasunanimous. The election of the associate editorwas postponed until the first meeting of the nextquarter. Charles W. Collins,Secretary of the Merit Board.December 20, 1901. VIII. SEMITIC.HOUR AND ROOM CHANGED.SUPPLEMENTARY ANNOUNCEMENTSFOR THE WINTER QUARTER, 1902.The Faculties of Arts, Literature, and Science.IA. PHILOSOPHY.ROOM ANNOUNCED.11. Experimental Psychology will be given atthe Psychological Laboratory.11. political economy.COURSES ADDED.2b. Principles of Political Economy, at 8:30,C 3 c (Hill).40. Training in Statistics, 2 : 00 (Mitchell) C 1 7 C.ERROR CORRECTED.4. Descriptive Economics (Hatfield) C 10 c.Junior instead of Graduate course.IV. HISTORY.COURSE ADDED.73. England (continued) i2:oo(Catterall) C 8c.HOURS CHANGED.91. Seminar: Mediaeval and English Institutions, cont., from 4:00-6:00 instead of from2: 00-4:00.VI. SOCIOLOGY AND ANTHROPOLOGY,ROOM ANNOUNCED.46. Seminar: Sanitary Science, Wed., P 15.COURSE WITHDRAWN.5 2 A. Development and Organization of thePress (Vincent). 98. Arabic Geography (Breasted) from 8: 30 to11:00 and from H 21 to H 24.X. SANSKRIT.HOURS AND ROOMS CHANGED.4. Sanskrit, cont. (Meyer) from 8:30 to 3:00.8. Kalidasa's Meghaduta and Rtusamhara, from9:30 to 2:00 and from C 13B to C 12 b.20. Russian, from C i3Bto C 12 b.XIV. GERMAN.HOURS AND ROOMS CHANGED.3. Intermediate German Prose Comp. (Schiitze)from 9:30 to 11:00, and from C 1.1 b to C 6 a.XV. ENGLISH.COURSES ADDED.69. Spencer (Carpenter) 2:00, C 15 D.COURSE WITHDRAWN.103. English Versification (Carpenter).ROOMS CHANGED.ib. Rhetoric and English Composition, from C 6ato C 8 d.34. History of the English Language, from C 9 Bto C 5 D.22. Old English, from C 7 D to C 6 a.1a. Rhetoric and English Composition, fromC 6 a to C 8 d.62. Oxford Movement and English Literature,from C 9 b to C 5 d. ; a Graduate instead of aSenior course.87. History of the Novel in England fromC 8 d to C 9 B.INSTRUCTORS ANNOUNCED.ib. Rhetoric and English Composition (Chandler).1a. Rhetoric and English Composition (Flint).ERRORS CORRECTED.4. English Composition, 3: 00 instead of Tues.3: 00-5:00, C 16 D.34. Prerequisites, knowledge of German andLatin and a course in Old English. Graduateinstead of Senior course.59. Studies in the Romantic Movement. Seniorcourse, counted also as Graduate.89. Comedy in the Eighteenth Century. Students registering for this course should see MissReynolds before so doing.71. Shakspere. Prerequisite, English 70.320 UNIVERSITY RECORDXIX. PHYSICS.HOUR CHANGED.2. General Physics, from 2 : 00 to 8 : 30.XXII. ZOOLOGY.ERROR CORRECTED.32. Experimental Morphology, no laboratoryfee.XXIV. PHYSIOLOGY.SECTION ADDED.14. d. Thurs. and Fri., lab. work 3:00-5:00.GENERAL NOTES.The University was invited by the dean andtrustees of the Teachers' College of ColumbiaUniversity to attend the dedication exercises ofthe Horace Mann School Building on Thursday,December 5,1901. The address was deliveredby Daniel Coit Gilman, the former president ofthe Johns Hopkins University. The following graduates and members of theGerman Department have recently receivedappointments :W. L. Baur, to an instructorship in the University of Cincinnati.Miss J. C. Doniat, to an instructorship in thehigh school at Helena, Mon.Dr. C. E. Eggert, to an instructorship in theUniversity of Michigan.Dr. J. B. E. Jonas, to an assistant professorshipin Brown University.Dr. C. D. Jessen, to an instructorship in Harvard University.Dr. F. O. Schub, to an instructorship in theBall High School, of Galveston, Texas.Mr. A. C. von Noe, to an assistantship inLeland Stanford Junior University.Mr. S. H. Goodnight, to an assistantship in theUniversity of Wisconsin.