THEUniversity RecordOFTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGOFOUNDED BY JOHN D. ROCKEFELLERPUBLISHED WEEKLY BY AUTHORITYVol VT TITTY ->6 toot whole number 17V01' V1 JUL,* 20, 1901 MONTHLY NUMBERMEDICAL NUMBERCONTENTSThe Hew Departure in Medical Instruction : Aim and OutlookThe Point of View of the University and of Rush MedicalCollegeThe Senn Clinical Building : Extra-Mural ClinicsPublications of the Faculty of Rush College for 1900-1901University Congregation : Twenty-fifth Meeting(The Detailed Table of Contents will be found upon the first inside page)CHICAGOZbc University of Cbicago pressANNUAL SUBSCRIPTIONONE DOLLARENTERED IN THE POST OFFICE OF CHICAGO AS SECOND-CLASS MATTER SINGLE COPIESFIVE CENTSQuaker OatsNo other food makes children so round and rosy.Unlike Wheat Foods, which are composed almost entirely of Starch,Quaker Oats contains plenty of Protein for tissue and muscle, enough Fat forreserve force, and sufficient Mineral Matter to build up and maintain the bonystructure, the teeth and the hair. Cook it exactly according to directions onpackage. At all Grocers. In 2~lb. Packages only, with Quaker Figure.VOLUME VI WHOLE NUMBER 17MONTHLY NUMBER 4University RecordFRIDAY, JULY 26, 1901THE MEDICAL NUMBER OF THE UNIVERSITY RECORD,On June 15, 1900, the University Recorddevoted an entire issue to the interests of medical instruction, and particularly of Rush MedicalCollege and its relations to the University ofChicago.The excellent results of this experiment weredemonstrated in so many ways that the Facultyhas cooperated again in the issuance of thepresent number. The paragraphs which follow,'written by the several members of the Faculty ofthe College and of the University, relate, as willbe seen, to the many and important changes whichhave been made during the year of instructionending with the Spring Quarter of 1901, including the transfer of what has been called the JuniorMedical College to the University, the erection ofa new Clinical Building on the college grounds,a new system of examination, the enlargement ofthe field for original research, the very importantextension of the college system of instruction byextra-mural teaching, and other details set forthin the pages which follow.Hereafter it is probable that the College willissue annually a spring or summer number of theRecord, devoted to the common interests of theUniversity and the College.THE AIM AND OUTLOOK.Is the loftiness of the aim a guarantee of theoutcome ?If only we might have an outlook wide enough151 to estimate all the related needs of the nearfuture !We feel so confident of our purpose, so assuredof the final soundness of our plan, that it is notpossible to share the reservations of our critics asto the wisdom of the change that has beeneffected.We have critics, logical, intelligent men, who,in all probability unknowingly, misstate our aim."Let us educate physicians, not scientists,'*they cry ; and at once there is a ripple of sympathy in the air. The phrase is striking ; thethought is attractive; above all, the antithesisappeals to popular^ prejudice. And then itswork is done— it has no meaning."Let us educate," we say, "physicians, scientists, whatever we may, but let us educate" —that is the aim.Has it ever been done too well ? Have thefoundations of scientific thought, observation,comprehension, ever been laid too firmly?The fact is that the evolution of the medicalschool has made it possible to do work onlyindifferently. We need not apologize for thenecessary weakness of our craft. In consideration of the burdens under which medical schoolshave struggled, the work has been marvelous.But it is idle to contend that the fundamentalwork has been satisfactory. We know that is notso, and our purpose is to remedy, so far as maybe, the weakest feature of the medical curriculum.And what may that be? Physiology? Chemistry ? Anatomy ? No one of these ; perhaps152 UNIVERSITY RECORDall of them ; but, at the root, bad method, hasty,superficial work. That it is which we must correct, and to that end all our energies shouldbend. Deliberate, thorough work is what weoffer to our lower classes, under ideal conditions,with adequate facilities, and with all the impetusof scientific enthusiasm.Can the outlook fail to be reassuring ? Havewe not the right to believe that the best-equippedmen will be the product ? And, if so, is not theend attained ?The one objection that is offered to our plan,that ha# any force, is that it is better for a youngstudent to be in a "medical atmosphere."Twenty years ago there was some point to that.Then a junior student was plunged into themidst of the whole curriculum, and did absorbmuch of his knowledge from the " atmosphere."Progressively since that time, that factor in education has grown less, until now in all first-classcolleges the work is so subdivided, graded, separated, that the medical atmosphere is almost nil,so far as the students of the first two yearsencounter it. It has been superseded in thedemand for graded work, and is really a negligible quantity.To urge it today as an offset to the unfortunatestatus of our elementary work is a mistake. Thefact is, the work and atmosphere of the upperand lower classes are logically separated. Thequestion is how best to secure an atmosphereconducive to scientific training in the pure sciencewhich now constitutes our elementary work.We have no uncertainty in our note of encouragement to our students and alumni. We seelight. The incorporation into the medical courseof all that the university can offer, the consequentreinforcement of the final years by reason ofmore homogeneous subject-matter, the certaintythat the student capacity will be enlarged by thethoroughness of elementary training, all indicateclearly the most satisfactory results from thisdeparture.The faculty of Rush Medical College desires the approval of its alumni, but it has no trepidation as to the final judgment of the,men who inthe thick of the fight appreciate the boon of educational advantages that in their day did notexist.We feel entire confidence that the best is whatthe alumni demand for its advancing ranks.THE TRANSFER OF THE TWO CLASSES FROM THEVIEW -POINT OF THE UNIVERSITY.It is the function of an ideal university to makeit possible for a student " to obtain instruction inall forms of knowledge, and discipline in the useof all the methods by which knowledge is obtained." Th£ faculties of Arts, Theology, Law,and Medicine have through long tradition beenregarded as essential to the completeness of thework of a university. As knowledge advances,the importance of some of its older forms diminishes, while that gleaned in some of the newerfields, for example, that of the natural sciences,increases. At present, owing to the enormousstrides which the medical sciences are making,the faculties of medicine in our great universities are assuming an unprecedented prominence, and today no duty urged upon the administrators of higher educational institutions wouldseem to be paramount to that of providing adequate instruction and of affording opportunitiesfor original research in the various medicalbranches.During the past century in some countries, andespecially in America, medical schools have developed more or less independently of universities, the separation being due in large part to thenecessity, before the graded course was introduced, of intimate relations between the studentsin the medical schools in every stage of their education and the patients in the wards of the hospitals. The hospitals were located in the mostdensely populated and poorest districts of thecities ; the universities naturally avoided such anenvironment and sought quiet and pure air in thesuburbs of cities, or even in smaller towns at someUNIVERSITY RECORD 153distance from the great centers of population. Atthe period when students studied medical andsurgical cases from the moment they entered themedical school, and when, owing to the imperfectdevelopment of transportation facilities, hospitaland university were of necessity widely separatedfrom one another, the medical school was forcedto choose the hospital as its living companionand become divorced from the university and hersurroundings* The removal of the medical schoolfrom the influences derivable from direct contactwith the university could not help but be associated with grave disadvantages, but these were fora time more than counterbalanced by the increased facilities for clinical work which wereafforded by the hospital.As the graded course slowly became organizedand students were required to spend two years atleast of study in the sciences of anatomy, physiology, and pathology, fundamental to the clinical work of the later years, the necessity of proximity to hospitals no longer held for the first halfof the medical course, though it was just as necessary as ever for the latter half of the work. Indeed, it was not long before those instructors whowere pedagogically better informed realized thatthe need for a relation of the work of the firsthalf of the graded medical course to an institutionof higher learning was just as imperative as wasthat which keeps the second half of the course inconnection with hospitals.Medical schools were not endowed, nor didthey receive, as they do in Europe, support fromthe treasury of the state. They had to dependupon the fees of students for salaries, equipment,and current expense. The meager honorarium ofthe professor did not yield an adequate income ;he was compelled to look to the practice of hisprofession for his living, and to give what was leftof his time and energies to the medical school.The school had to have students ; without themand the fees that they brought it could not exist.The standards of admission, the character of thecurriculum, the discipline of the school, the laxity or severity of the requirements for graduation, hadto be arranged with this disturbing thought everin mind. Then came the extension of the laboratory idea to medicine. With the impetus to practical work in the fundamental sciences of medicineto which the phenomenal progress in biology,physics, and chemistry gave rise, the dissectingroom and the pharmacy, the sole laboratoriesof the medical school, were no longer sufficient ; on the contrary, laboratories for workin histology, neurology, embryology, pathology,,bacteriology, physiology, and physiological chemistry began to be demanded. Men who had goneinto practice immediately after graduation wereseldom prepared to teach such subjects ; on thecontrary, prolonged special training in these various branches is necessary to develop suitable instructors, and the subjects are best represented bymen who devote their whole time and energiesto a limited field. Instruction in the laboratorydemands prolonged contact of teacher and students, and the time given by the didactic lecturerof former days was minimal in comparison withthat required of the laboratory instructor. Thesefacts led to a general concession in the bestschools that the instruction given in the first halfof the medical course should be by men who arenot engaged in private practice, but who runtheir careers as scientists in the subjects whichthey represent, giving their whole lives to the imparting of knowledge already gained and toacquiring new knowledge which they add to theworld's general stock. Such men have to be liberally paid, and the sacrifices which have beenmade by the faculties of medical schools to meetthe emergency, in the lack of endowment, reflectgreat credit upon their members. But with thebest will the faculties of unendowed medicalschools are unable to provide the amount ofmoney necessary for modern medical education.The desirability of the transfer of the studiesof the medical schools preliminary to the actualclinical work to medical laboratories at the154 UNIVERSITY RECORDuniversities, where the work of the medical colleges can be coordinated with the research workof the medical departments of the universities, andwhere the instructors and students of the medicalsciences can mingle freely with those of alliedsciences and of other departments of the university, is obvious on a moment's consideration. Ina university the standards of admission will bekept high, the curriculum will be well balancedand properly coordinated with the work of thecolleges of liberal culture, on the one hand, andthe strictly professional work on the other.Each science will be taught for itself, in a broadway, and there will be but little danger of thatfatal restriction of teaching to so-called practicalapplication which is so . often a menace in thedetached professional school. Endowments forthe medical work must be sufficient to permitof instruction and investigation of a degree ofdignity and excellence worthy of the university,for, if it is not, the prestige of the whole institution will suffer. The contact of medicalwith academic students and with those of otherprofessional departments of the university will beof inestimable benefit. The atmosphere of theplace is the best thinkable for the advancementof the higher ideals of both general culture andspecial scholarship. The historical sense, whichcan scarcely help coming to development on prolonged residence in a university community,while it prepares for progress and reforms, alsoencourages that discreet conservatism so necessaryto the medical man in a world of constantlyvaunted panaceas. The thoroughness and accuracy of the training in seeing, thinking, andexperimenting which a medical student shouldreceive in university laboratories will go far tomake the intellect keen and the judgment sound.A consciousness that by his work he may increaseknowledge, together with a desire for truth andan enthusiasm for well-directed effort, shouldkeep him from the pitfall of indifferentism ;developmental and comparative studies will excitein him an admiration for the order of nature and should prevent him from even approaching thedangers of fanaticism.The transfer of the preclinical work of RushMedical College to the University of Chicago,all the members of the teaching staff in the medical sciences in the University having beenappointed to positions on the faculty of RushMedical College, marks a distinct step forward inmedical education in this city. This combination,more intimate and satisfactory than has hitherto existed between the interests of the medicalschool and the interests of the University, willprove to be of incalculable benefit to both. Thespirit of liberality, self-denial, and self-sacrificemanifested by the faculty of Rush Medical College, its keen realization of the immediate needsof higher medical education, its determination todevote all available means and energies towardthe uplifting of medicine and medical men in thispart of the country, its insistence on the subordination of personal ambition to the welfare of thegroup, its welcoming of reorganization and desirefor friendly criticism, its fear of standing stillrather than fear of change, knowing that todaystanding still means inevitable degeneration —all these make it a co-partner of which the University may well be pleased, and an alma mater ofwhich its alumni will in the future have more thanever reason to be proud.The present transfer, it is hoped by many, represents only a partial realization of the possibilities of combination which the common interests of Rush Medical College and the Universityof Chicago suggest. Conditions are changingwith the times, and the factors which preventedthe close proximity of hospital and university inlarge cities are rapidly disappearing ; indeed,they may be said no longer to exist. We nowlive under an entirely different set of circumstances, and the immediate future promises tomake changes still more favorable to the union ofhospitals with universities. The phenomenalgrowth of cities has been in largest part dependent upon the development of railways. TheUNIVERSITY RECORD 155introduction of intra-urban rapid transit hasannihilated local distances, much as railways havereduced the longer stretches. Citizens mayreach their offices twenty or so miles distantalmost as easily now as when in the past theylived only four miles away. Patients can moreeasily reach a hospital ten miles distant fromhome than when they lived within half a mile ofit in the olden time. The advantages for medical education and for the further application ofthe principle of "community of interests" tohospitals, medical colleges, and university researchlaboratories are plain. On the one hand, a hospital can with modern facilities of transportationbe put where it will be most salubrious forpatients and at the same time educationally mostadvantageous ; on the other hand, hospitals invarious parts of a large city can easily be visitedor utilized by the students and instructors pi anygiven medical college or university. The tendency at the moment in industrial organization isto combination on a perpendicular, rather than ahorizontal, plane. Instead of the association orabsorption of concerns of the same kind in orderto lessen competition and to control the price inpurchases and sales, there is an inclination, asobservers have recently pointed out, for thoseconcerns to combine which are related to oneanother successively in the transit of a commodityfrom its raw state through each stage of manufacture till it reaches the consumer. This is themost important form of combination among railway companies, and it is the principle underlyingthe foundation of the great steel corporation. Itis precisely this form of combination or expansion which universities and medical colleges dobest to form. It is entirely unnecessary andoften undesirable to acquire competing institutions or to attempt to suppress them. On theother hand, what is needed is a coordinatedcontrol of the system of education, all the wayfrom the primary school to the educational institutions which turn out men ready to enter uponthe business or professions of the world. The economy of administration is a notable feature ofsuch a plan, but above all it is the enormoussaving of the time and energy of students andinstructors which appeals to us most. There canbe an avoidance of exaggeration here and ofinsufficiency there. The unification of effort willbe of untold value. If the telescoping of degreesshould in any case be desirable — and at presentthe movement is directed that way — the methodsof effecting it could be worked out to the bestadvantage.The next great advance in medicine inAmerica will consist in doing for the clinicalbranches of medicine what has already been donein several instances for the preclinical branches,viz.: in establishing endowed chairs in connection with special hospitals, so that medicine,surgery, and obstetrics and gynaecology can betaught and investigated in the same thoroughmanner as anatomy, physiology, and pathologynow are in the medical departments of our bestuniversities. A few years ago, before men werepaid to give their whole time to teaching andinvestigation of anatomy, physiology, and pathology, the clinicians complained that the studentscame to them utterly unprepared in these subjects and unable to properly profit by their clinical studies. In unendowed medical colleges theclinical branches are today represented by menwho are paid a mere pittance for their clinicalteaching, and who are even told by the administration that they must depend upon their practice for their income, that the chief remunerationthat the college can give them is the increase inpractice which the college connection may yield.The time and .energy available in such cases forthe college can scarcely be expected to be maximal. It would not be surprising under suchcircumstances if we met with the anomalous condition of medical students, well trained in thelaboratories of chemistry, physics, and biology,anatomy, physiology, and pathology, complaining on approaching the clinical subjects that thework is insufficiently organized in those branches,156 UNIVERSITY RECORDthat the results in the fundamental sciences arebut slowly applied in the practical work of thewards, and that the opportunities for originalinvestigation are inadequate. There is, indeed, acrying need for the endowment of large hospitalsfor the especial purpose of teaching and investigation. There is urgent necessity for the provision of liberal furfcis for the payment of salariesof teachers of the clinical branches in the medical college and for the endowment of professorships for graduate work and original research inthe universities. The union of a medical collegeof the kind mentioned with the research work ofa university would benefit both. It is to behoped that the friends of Rush Medical Collegeand of the University of Chicago may speedilyprovide the material aid which will make such anideal scheme feasible.THE TRANSFER OF THE TWO CLASSES FROM THECOLLEGE VIEW-POINT.The transfer of the work of the Freshmen andSophomore years of the medical course to thescience laboratories of the University is a step inadvance. It is a move which possesses distinctadvantages. The study of medicine in a broadsense is the study of the human body in healthand disease. The study of medicine is a science,and like all sciences is based largely upon othersciences. The science of medicine is based uponanatomy, physiology, chemistry, pharmacology,and pathology. The working knowledge of thesesciences necessary for the pursuit of the science ofmedicine must first be acquired before the studentbegins the study of the science of medicine proper,which is, as stated above, the study of the livinghuman body in health and disease.Along with the science of medicine the studentmust acquire the art of medicine, which is thepractical application of the science of medicinefor the benefit of the individual and of society.The medical course, therefore, can well be divided into three distinct parts. In the first partthe student acquires this working knowledge of anatomy, physiology, chemistry, pharmacology,and pathology, and this work can best be done inscience laboratories, and the material demandedis of inorganic or dead organic or living lowerforms, which can best be handled in such laboratories. The second part of a medical student'scourse — the study of the science of medicineproper — also demands laboratories, but theselaboratories are hospitals and dispensaries, andthe material with which he works, the livinghuman body. The third part, the art of medicine,must be acquired in actual practice, and this canbest be done by the medical student as an internein a hospital. There is a distinct advantage, therefore, in the move which we have recently made individing our medical course into a Junior and aSenior College : placing the Junior College workin the science laboratories at the University, wherethe student can study the fundamental sciences tobest advantage and complete this work before hebegins the Senior College work of the dispensaryand the hospital.The desirability of adding a fifth, a hospital,year to our medical course is not to be disputed.When we compare the instruction given todayto medical students with the instruction given todental students, this fact becomes apparent : thedental student has learned the art of dentistry,and on graduation can at once enter practicewith the knowledge he has acquired. Of course,the field is very narrow as compared with medicine, but he is proficient in this narrow field. Hehas learned his art and has already applied it inactual work. The medical student when he isgraduated has learned much, but he has had littleopportunity of putting this knowledge into practice. This opportunity of applying his knowledgehe can obtain only by securing a hospital appointment after graduation or else in actual privatepractice. A year or two in a hospital as interneis of the greatest value in completing a medicaltraining. About 30 per cent, of our graduatesobtain hospital appointments. How to obtainthis training for the other 70 per cent, is theUNIVERSITY RECORD 157next great problem which medical instructorsmust solve. With two years in the science laboratories, two years in the clinical laboratories,and one year as hospital interne the medical student's course would be complete.The science of medicine and its allied scienceshave developed to a point where it is no longerpossible for one man to cover as a teacher theentire field. The teacher must limit his work toa special field in order to become proficient in it.Anatomy or surgery, physiology or medicine,must be taught by men who are devoting theirlives to these single branches, but a teacher inany department of a medical school cannot do thebest work, no matter how proficient he may be inhis special branch, unless he keep in close touchwith the broad general science of medicine itself.The teachers in every department of a medicalschool must be essentially, if not actually, medicalmen. The teacher of surgery must keep in touchwith anatomy, pathology, bacteriology, physiology, and pharmacology, with internal medicineand obstetrics, if he expects to do his full duty.And in the same way the professor of anatomy,of physiology, or of pathology must keep in touchwith the chairs of clinical medicine. He mustknow what of his own branch is of value in thescience and art of medicine in order to do thebest work in his own department.In the old days, when the faculty of a medicalschool consisted of six or seven men, all practicingphysicians, they were all in close touch with theso-called seven cardinal branches of medicine:anatomy, physiology, chemistry, materia medica,medicine, surgery, and obstetrics. In these days,when the faculty of a great medical departmentconsists of more than a hundred instructors,specilization has brought with its many advantages this one marked disadvantage, /. e., men aretoo apt to limit their horizons to their own lineof work, and to the extent they do this they losevalue as teachers. It is a disadvantage, however,which should be recognized and which can beguarded against. WOMEN IN RUSH COLLEGE.At the date of its organization the Universityof Chicago set the stamp of its approval upon thecoeducation of the sexes in its several departments ; and ten years of unprecedented successhave demonstrated the correctness of this course.*If men and women can work together whenbusied with the problems connected with the studyof literature, history, general science, and art,why can they- not do the same in the departmentof medicine ?By the recent action of the trustees and faculty of the College, women are admitted to themedical courses of the first two years. No onecan doubt that, the last two years of the course,the Junior and Senior, will offer the sameprivilege in proper time as a fitting conclusion ofthe step already taken. The coeducation of thesexes in medicine has been successful elsewhere.We shall look to see it no less a success in RushMedical College.THE SENN CLINICAL BUILDING.I. LAYING OF THE CORNER-STONE.The corner-stone of Senn Hall, the new clinical building of Rush Medical College, was laid at5 p. m. on Wednesday, June 19, 1901, PresidentHarper of the University of Chicago presiding.Prayer was offered by 'Rev. Dr. McCaughan,after which Professor E. F. Ingals read a briefaccount of the history of the building, which issubjoined.The secretary of the faculty, Professor Hyde,then read a list of the articles placed in the boxbeneath the corner-stone, as follows :Photograph of Professor Daniel Brainard ; photograph ofProfessor Nicholas Senn; copy of Rush Medical CollegeAnnouncement; copy of University of Chicago Bulletin;copy of University of Chicago Thirty-eighth Convocation;circular letter to alumni ; blank diploma, signed ; the dailypapers ; copy of the Journal of the American Medical Association; Rush number of University of Chicago Record; list ofgraduating class; class day program ; statement of history ofnew building and liquidation of college debt, by Dr. Ingals.The corner-stone was then laid by ProfessorSenn, and an address was made by Professor158 UNIVERSITY RECORDJohn M. Coulter, of the University of Chicago.The benediction was pronounced by Rev. Dr.McCaughan.A large number of the students and facultywere in attendance, as well as the public, thegrounds and buildings being specially decoratedfor the occasion.//. HISTORY OF THE BUILDING.During the first two years after the affiliation ofRush Medical College with the University ofChicago the rapidly increasing classes forced uponthe faculty a realization of the necessity for moreroom in order to enable the college to carry onthe work according to the high ideals of itsteachers.At the close of the first college year after affiliation, the need had become so apparent thatPresident Harper emphasized it in his speech atthe annual banquet, and even predicted that a newbuilding would be well under way before the closeof another year. Steps were immediately takento plan a structure suited to the work, and muchtime was given to the plans by the faculty, inconsultation with the architects that had beenselected by the Board of Trustees. In the winterof 1899 a volunteer committee of the faculty, consisting of Professors A. D. Bevan, Frank Billings,John M. Dodson, E. Fletcher Ingals, and J.Clarence Webster, accompanied by PresidentWilliam R. Harper of the University and Mr.Coolidge, one of the architects, visited all of theleading schools in the East, studied their buildings and appliances, and consulted with their faculties upon the accommodations needed formodern medical education.Upon the return of this committee, Messrs.Shepley, Rutan, and Coolidge drew up plansfor a new college building which was designedwhen completed to consist of a main structure,closely connected with the east and west wings,which altogether would cover the whole lot nowpartly occupied by the clinical building on thenortheast corner of West Harrison and Wood streets. These plans were carefully studied by thefaculty, and finally the trustees were asked as soonas practicable to construct the east wing of theproposed building. The trustees decided to dothis as soon as funds for the purpose could beobtained, but the uncertainty in the financialworld and the slow recuperation from the panicof 1893 made it impossible to secure the funds.Finally in December, 1900, Professor NicholasSenn offered to give $50,000 toward the construction of the new wing, which was to be known asSenn Hall.The prosperity of the College and carefulmanagement during the previous three years hadaccumulated a surplus of $30,000 in the treasury,which was now appropriated by the trustees forthe building fund, but still $30,000 more wasneeded to construct the building, which it hadbeen decided should be fireproof, and not onlysubstantial, but of handsome design. In thatemergency six other members of the facultydonated $5,000 each, and thus Professors DanielR. Brower, Arthur Dean Bevan, Frank Billings,Frederick C. Coolidge, Henry B. Favill, and E.Fletcher Ingals added to the numerous contributions that had already been made by the facultyto the institution. The contracts were let, andwork began at once on the structure, the cornerstone of which has just been laid. This, the eastwing of the College, is to be known as Senn Hall ; itoccupies an area of 40 X 90 feet, and will be sevenstories in height, including the basement. It willconnect on several floors with the old clinicalbuilding, and will also connect with the Presbyterian Hospital, the communicating openingsbeing guarded by fireproof doors. The basementand first three stories will be used for an outdoorpatient clinic. The fourth and fifth stories willbe utilized for clinical laboratories, and the upperstories for clinical amphitheaters.Its firm foundations and careful constructionlead us to hope that the building may stand forgenerations, as a monument to the zeal and self-sacrifice of the President of the University andUNIVERSITY RECORD 159the Faculty of the College ; and that it may provea large factor in the progress of medical education.///. THE CLINICAL ADVANTAGES OF THE NEW BUILDING AND OFTHE NEW DISPENSARY CONNECTION.The corner-stone of the new clinical building, to be known as Senn Hall, was laid June 19,and it is expected that the structure will be readyfor occupancy by January 1, 1902. This building,of fireproof construction throughout, will covera ground-area of 40 X 90 feet, will have sixstories and a well-lighted basement, and is soplanned that it will form the east wing of a largerstructure which it is hoped will replace beforelong the old clinical building.The basement and the first three floors will bedevoted to the out-patient clinic, different roomshaving been arranged to meet the requirementsof different departments. The three upper storieswill be occupied with clinical laboratories andamphitheaters.The equipment of the building has been carefully planned to provide for absolute cleanliness,both surgical and medical, and to meet fully therequirements of modern methods of clinicalinstruction. These new advantages will add muchto the pleasure and profit of both student andteacher.Sufficient room will be afforded in each clinicaldepartment for the examination of a larger numberof patients in a given time, and this will afford alsothe opportunity for instruction to a larger number of students in small groups at one and thesame time. A larger number of teachers in eachclinical department will be necessary, so thateach group of students examining a patientshall have the guidance and help of an instructor.The new clinical building and the opportunities which it will afford mean, therefore, as anecessary part, a larger number of patients. Thismaterial we may reasonably hope to attain, because, with the cooperation of the trustees of theCentral Free Dispensary of the West Side, the attendance of patients will be multiplied two orthree times within a very short period of time.With, therefore, an out-patient department witha material sufficient in amount to meet all of therequirements, and with a new clinical building inwhich the material may be utilized, we may confidently expect much greater success in the ambulatory and clinical teaching of the College.THE NEW EXAMINATIONS AND THE NEW DIPLOMA.Has the quarterly system adopted two yearsago in Rush Medical College fallen short of anideal ; and can changes be made with a view toits improvement? The fundamental principlesof medicine, which are taught in the first twoyears, are in large part forgotten by studentswhen they enter the upper classes, and in largermeasure when they are preparing to be graduated.This renders the passing of the examinations ofthe several State Boards a difficult undertaking,for in them a knowledge of the fundamentalbranches is required.In the quarterly system the passing of examinations every three months permits the student tosecure credit for that part of the work he hasthen completed, and for it the faculty cannotagain hold him responsible. The student thusdismisses from his memory that part of his workand turns his attention to the new field beforehim. Teachers of the upper classes find a lackof knowledge of the primary branches, especiallywhen the preliminary course has been taken ayear or more before. In surgery, for instance, thestudents may be relatively ignorant of anatomy,the basis of surgery.In order to remedy this defect, the faculty hasexchanged the quarterly examinations for "tests,"and purposes to give credit for courses from thesetests when taken in connection with the recitation and laboratory grades. The tests are notfinal, and when duly met the faculty in no wayis under obligation to grant a degree or to promote the student to a higher class. Two sets of160 UNIVERSITY RECORDexaminations are now provided, the one primary,the other final. Primary examinations are conducted at the end of the Sophomore year, andinclude a written and a practical test in each ofthe fundamental branches. With small exception, these must be passed completely before thestudent is admitted to the Junior class. Finalexaminations are conducted at the close of theSenior year, and include a written and a practicaltest in almost all of the courses of the past twoyears. These must, for the most part, be passedcompletely before the student is allowed graduation. As students enter the College at the beginning of every quarter, these examinations will beheld at the end of every such quarter, and failurenecessitates another quarter in residence beforethe possibility of a second attempt.By this method it is believed that students willreview all the fundamental branches of the courseat the end of the Sophomore year, and will havea better working knowledge of the subjects taughtduring the concluding half of the curriculum.Furthermore, a few elective courses in the fundamental branches have been added to the Senioryear, so that students can review their work beforebeing subjected to the state board examinations.The recent changes have necessitated an alteration in the form of the diploma granted to thegraduate. When the faculty list included merelya few head professors, each of whom met theentire class in lectures, the diplomas were signedby them all. Now that the faculty proper includesover seventy- five men, and much of the instructionis imparted by associates of, or assistants to, headprofessors, the signing of the diplomas after Julyi, 1 90 1, will be relegated to the officers only ofthe College.ORIGINAL RESEARCH.When a physician makes a diagnosis he followsprecisely those methods of observation, comparison, and experiment which are employed in original research. In the laboratory and the class-room the studentwho is merely adding to his own information, aswell as the student who is also adding to the sumof human knowledge, works according to thesesame methods.Thus original research is to be set apart as onekind of work, not because its methods differ essentially from those by which the best teaching isconducted, but because under this title the student strives to make some real contribution toscience; to gain knowledge for others as well asfor himself.In order that work of this sort may be carriedon, the surroundings must be such that the experiments 'can be controlled, and the apparatusdelicate and powerful enough to reveal those differences which are to be observed and recorded.To offer facilities for such advanced study isthe first duty of a university. By making use ofthese opportunities the student attains proficiencyin the logic of experimentation, and in that fineness of discrimination which is the foundation ofexact thinking.More and more it is becoming the custom forstudents during their undergraduate years to increase their scientific experience by taking upsuch work, and for the advanced students inmedicine to justify their selection of a specialtyby doing research work within their chosenfields.But it is not those alone who work in theresearch laboratories that feel their influence.No student can work where scientific advancesare being made, or take part in the investigationswhich lead to them, without being profoundlyimpressed by the fact that growth is the chiefcharacter of the sciences contributory to the art ofmedicine, and that where growth occurs theoriesand explanations must be subject to ceaselesschange and always open to correction and revision, while at the same time these changes bringas their compensation an ever surer knowledgeand a wider view.UNIVERSITY RECORD 161THE LIBRARY.During the past year there has been a steadygrowth of the library. A considerable number ofbooks has been added, partly by gift, partly bypurchase. The number of current periodicals onfile has increased, so that now 156 periodicals arereceived regularly. The number of readers hasincreased steadily, and the present quarters arequite insufficient. The most noteworthy eventduring the year is the donation by ProfessorChristian Fenger of a large collection of booksand journals, principally in the German language,and largely of a surgical character. Unfortunately there is not now shelf room enough tomake this valuable addition accessible to the readers. As soon as the new building, now in processof construction, is finished, it is proposed to remove the library into the quarters at present occupied by the Central Free Dispensary. This willgive abundant shelf room and greatly increasedreading room. The new quarters, which are situated on the ground floor of the old college building, will also be much more readily accessible tostudents and other patrons of the library, whichat present is located in an upper story. It is believed that the steady growth of the library, andthe increased use made of it, especially by thestudents, augur well for the future. The libraryhas become one of the most important factors inthe work of the College.HOSPITAL-WARD TEACHING.All the arguments that can be advanced infavor of the laboratory method of teaching theelementary branches, such as anatomy, physiology,pharmacology, chemistry, and pathology, apply,with equal or greater force, to the teaching of themore immediately practical branches of medicine,surgery, obstetrics, and the specialties.The ward with its beds, patients, and instrumentsof precision is the medical and surgical laboratory.A student learns more about a chemical substance by making experiments himself than by seeing them performed in the arena by the professor, or by reading about them in a book. Sothe student working carefully over his case ofpneumonia learns in this way much more aboutthis disease than he would by hearing the subjectdiscussed in recitation or didactic lecture, or byseeing the same case demonstrated in the largeamphitheater.The two objects of education are the impartingof knowledge, u <?., the teaching of facts, and theinculcation of correct methods, making the student capable of independent, productive study inthe future. The laboratory or ward-work attainsthese two objects. The live interest that attachesto the study of the concrete tends to fix the factsacquired by the laboratory method more firmlyin mind, and the knowledge is therefore morereadily utilizable. But of far greater value is itthat the laboratory method makes the studentobserve, think, and reason for himself. A singlefatal case of cancer, if carefully studied from beginning to end with its complications, the surgicaloperation for its relief or removal, and the confirmations and surprises of the autopsy, may giveto the student a better training in how to studythan any number of hours of didactic lecturing.And the facts he learns by his proven mistakeswill never be forgotten.The requisites for ward-work are the patient,the student, the teacher. Occasionally the student is his own teacher.The patient should be willing, for the sake ofthe benefit he derives from a thorough study, andhence more skilful treatment, of his case, to permitcareful and repeated examinations and observations to be made. Objections on the part ofpatients, and even pay-patients, are rare whenthey learn that not harm but good comes to them,as well as to the student, from the work in theward. Ambulatory or dispensary material can beprofitably utilized for many diseases, though onlythe ward of the hospital permits of continuousand, repeated observation and shows the moreserious forms of the acute infectious and traumatic162 UNIVERSITY RECORDdiseases and the terminal and complicated stagesof the more chronic maladies.The student should be well grounded in thefundamental branches ; should have had trainingin the proper use of instruments of precision;should be familiar with the physical signs of thenormal body; and should have a text-bookknowledge of the general subject of medicine,surgery, and obstetrics. Unless he comes to theward-class with this fundamental training and thisgeneral knowledge of his subject, he has a narrowfield of vision, and fails to see things in theirproper relations one to another, and the teacher,in order to correct false impressions and putthings in their proper light, is obliged to spendtoo much time in matters purely didactic. Astudent beginning his study of medicine orsurgery in the small ward class without this preliminary training is much like the beginner inmicroscopy who starts to work with the oil-immersion lens before using the lower powersthat expose a wider field to view.Much depends on the teacher. He impartsinformation, though he often does this by leadingthe student up to the pleasure of an independentdiscovery. He trips up the over-confident man,encourages the hesitating and diffident ; he corrects faulty technique, insists upon system in allbranches of the work, incites to further reading andobservation, and arouses the research spirit in hisclass. The personal influence of a tactful teacherbrought day after day into intimate relations witha few students has a value that cannot be easilyestimated.The student thus trained when he goes to hisprivate practice continues at the bedside of hispatients the same methods that he has learned inhis ward class, and becomes the well-informed,progressive, scientific practitioner.To the students of Rush Medical College theDispensary and the Presbyterian and Cook CountyHospitals offer many advantages in the way ofward-work, and these advantages are duly appreciated, as shown by the numbers who are eager to obtain places in the classes. The best work in thisline, however, can be done only when Rush has ahospital entirely under her own control, into whosewards a student may enter freely, where he mayfor a few weeks have the privilege and the responsibility of watching over a few beds, keeping records, making observations, and reporting daily tohis chief and his instructor, and acquiring thatpractical knowledge, that self-reliance, that scientific method of observing, recording, and reasoning, that fit him to be the progressive physician towhom reference has been made.EXTRA-MURAL CLINICS.The arena clinic, conducted before a large bodyof students, is no longer looked upon as the all-sufficient means of teaching practical medicineand surgery. Students who are to be adequatelytrained in the methods of examination, diagnosis,and treatment, or operation must be brought,either singly or in small groups, into personalcontact with the patients in the dispensary or thehospital ward, where the hand, the eye, and theother special senses are trained, and the powers ofobservation cultivated by actual practice. Toprovide material for such courses demands amuch larger number of patients than is usuallyunder the control of the medical school.On the other hand, there is in every large citya number of hospitals and dispensaries wherelittle or no teaching is done. In Chicago, forexample, within reasonable distance of RushMedical College, are not less than eighteen suchinstitutions. The members of their several staffsare competent and anxious to teach ; the patientsnot only do not resent, but in most cases actuallyenjoy, the presentation of their cases to students,provided always that this be done in a courteousand kindly manner ; they are more thoroughlyexamined, more exhaustively studied, and moreintelligently treated in those institutions wherestudents are admitted to whom the cases aredemonstrated.UNIVERSITY RECORD 163Here, then, are students sadly needing clinicalmaterial, attending physicians anxious to teach,and patients who would be better served if theircases were presented to small groups of Seniorstudents and studied by them. To correlatethese several needs was a difficult problem underthe fixed curriculum. The student, whose dayswere very fully occupied by the scheduled work inthe college, found little time for outside workeven when it was offered, the work being purelyoptional on his part and entitling him to no crediton the regular course for the degree. With theelective system this difficulty is removed. Undera careful selection of teachers, who must beapproved by each head of department, and withsuch an arrangement of courses as will enable astudent to spend a half day or more in continuouswork, in an outlying dispensary or hospital,elective courses can be offered, for which there isgiven the same credit, hour for hour, on the coursefor the degree, as for similar work done within thewalls of the institution. The physicians offeringthese courses become members of the extra-muralfaculty, keep careful records of the students'attendance and work, and report the same to thecollege office. The plan corresponds closelyto the system of extra-mural teaching whichhas been in vogue in Edinburgh for manyyears.During the past year, through courtesy of thedirectors of the several institutions and the kindcooperation of the members of the attendingstaffs, extra-mural courses have been establishedas follows : at the West Side Hebrew Dispensary, two courses in the diseases of children, onein neurology, one in surgery, one in diseases ofthe throat, nose, and ear, and one in ophthalmology; at the St. Luke's Hospital, one in medicineand one in surgery ; at the Cook County Hospital,three in surgery, three in medicine, and two inthe diseases of children ; at the Illinois CharitableEye and Ear Infirmary, two courses ; at the Chicago Isolation Hospital, a course in smallpox, inwhich about two hundred patients were shown to members of the Senior and Junior classes, ingroups of ten or less.The classes for each of these courses are limitedto from six to twelve students, and each exerciseextends over two hours or more. No work whichthe college has offered in recent years has beenreceived more enthusiastically by the students,and the registration for them has been uniformlyup to the limit of the number allowed in eachsection. It is gratifying to record that theauthorities of the several institutions assert thatthe attendance of the members of the staff hasbeen more prompt and regular, and the patientshave been more carefully examined and treated,than ever before. Arrangements are making forthe establishment of similar courses in severalother hospitals during the coming year.Extra-mural teaching, it may be confidentlyasserted, is one of the most valuable additions tothe teaching resources of Rush Medical Collegewhich have yet been made.THE ALUMNI OF RUSH COLLEGE.The Alumni Association of Rush MedicalCollege holds its meetings yearly at Commencement time. This year the exercises began with aclinic by Professor Senn on Tuesday. Duringthe following three days the time was occupied byclinics by Professors Webster, Ingals, Brower,Bridge, Fenger, Hyde, Bevan, Dodson, and aspecial clinic by Professor John H. Musser, ofPhiladelphia, on Thursday.The annual meeting of the Association tookplace at the College Friday, June 21, at n o'clock.Entertainment for the alumni was furnished bya theater party on Thursday evening, June 20.The annual banquet of faculty and alumni thisyear at the Auditorium was presided over by Dr.J. Clarence Webster. Short addresses were madeby Professor George E. Vincent, of the University of Chicago; Professor Lewellys F. Barker;Professor Richard Burton, of the University ofMinnesota ; Judge C. C. Kohlsaat, of the United164 UNIVERSITY RECORDStates court; and Dr. C. M. Echols, of the graduating class.Since the suspension of the student paper, theCorpuscle, there seems to be an increased demand,for a journal that shall be a medium between theCollege and alumni. In the opinion of many,this is a fitting time for the launching of ascientific journal under the care of the faculty.The Alumni Association could promise substantial aid in such an enterprise.An effort was instituted three years ago tofound a fellowship for the alumni, and about onehundred dollars was set aside as a nucleus forsuch a fund. Whether this is to be an accomplished fact or not will depend on the efficiencyof a committee which should be selected thisyear to complete the fund. The alumni arenumerous enough, enthusiastic enough, and richenough to do this and much more for their almamater. The sum of eight thousand dollars wouldbe necessary for such a fellowship as is contemplated. No doubt many alumni would be willingto make a substantial contribution for five successive years. Such a fund might be made effectiveif enough could be contributed annually for fiveyears for the support of a fellow, and at the endof that time an effort might be made to endowthe fellowship.The officers of the Alumni Association for thepresent year are :President, Dr. E. H. Dudley, '75, Janesville, Wis.First Vice-President, Dr. B. B. Griffith, '82, Springfield,111.Second Vice-President, Dr. J. J. Bell, '86, Chicago, 111.Third Vice-President, Dr. E. E. Morgan, '93, Fort Wayne,Ind.Secretary and Treasurer, Dr. John Edwin Rhodes, '86,Chicago, 111.Necrologist, Dr. F. C. Honnold, '96, Riverside, 111.The officers of the Alumni Association electedat the annual meeting, June 20, 1901, are as follows :President, Dr. Joseph W. Edwards, '54, Mendota, 111.First Vice-President, Dr. D. H. Bowen, '76, Waukon,la. Second Vice-President, Dr. A. W. Troupe, '84, PineBluff, Ark.Third Vice-President, Dr. C. A. Ullerick, '93, Chicago,111.Secretary and Treasurer, Dr. John Edwin Rhodes, '86,Chicago, 111.Necrologist, Dr. A. L. Craig, '78, Chicago, 111.At the last annual meeting it was decided bythe Alumni Association that next year the business meeting be held in connection with a dinnerto be given the evening preceding that devotedto the theater party, and to which only alumnimembers of the association shall be invited.Dr. Christian Fenger, of Chicago, in recognition of his contributions to surgical knowledge,has been decorated with the cross of Dannebrogby Christian IX. of Denmark.At the recent annual commencement of RushMedical College, the honorary title of Master ofSurgery was conferred upon Dr. Nicholas Senn.STUDENTS' MEDICAL SOCIETY OF RUSH COLLEGE.The society has had a membership of 103during the past year, the officers having beenas follows :Honorary President, Professor Bevan.President, J. S. Fox.Senior Vice-President, John Musterd.Junior Vice-President, C. E. Phillips.Secretary, John Crewe.Junior Secretary, J. G. Bestwick.Reporter, M. H. Fischer.Pathologist, H. K. Pangburne.Council, Professor Webster, Professor Dodson, N. W.Jones.The following program of work was carried out :1. October 12, 1900.I. Paper — " Cellular Poisons." Dr. Hektoen.2. Paper — "The Toxic Effects of Formaldehyde and Formalin." Martin H. Fischer, '01.Discussion — A. C. Durkee, '01.II. OCTOBER 19, 1900.I. Paper — "Appendicitis." F. M.Wood, '01.Discussion — F. M. Hubbard.R. E. Tubbs.UNIVERSITY RECORD 165it Address— "Incidents of a Vacation Trip, with Report ofVisit to Some European Clinics." Felix Ashcroft, '01.III. NOVEMBER 2, I9OO.I. Paper — "Immunity." Dr. Wells.2. Paper- — "The Technique of Malarial Investigation."J. C. Ohlmacher.Discussion — H. K. Pangburne, '01.Dr. Wells.IV. NOVEMBER 1 6, I9OO.1. Paper — "The Etiology of Acute Rheumatism." A.E.Garvy.Discussion — I. D. J. Franklin2. Paper— "The Treatment of Gall-Stones." F. F. Tucker.Discussion — F. M. Wood.A. C. Garvy.V. NOVEMBER 30, I9OO.1. Paper — "Dermatitis Venanata." Roy F. Rogers, 'oi.Discussion — M. M. Hill, 'oi.H. W. Raynor, '01.2. Paper — "Diseases Sometimes Mistaken for Malaria."Professor Herrick.3. Paper — "Mountain Fever."Discussion — N. W.Jones, 'oi.VI. JANUARY II, I9OI.I. Paper— "Pertussis." F. L. Hubbard, 'oi.2. Address — "A Medical Trip to tke Philippines andIndia." Professor Barker.VII. JANUARY 25, 1901.I. Paper— "The Etiology of Carcinoma." F. M. Wood, 'oi.Discussion — M. H. Fischer, 'oi.2. Paper — "Factors in the Etiology of Pelvic Pains." J.S. Fox, 'oi.Discussion — W. A. Klingberg, 'oi.F. M. Williams, 'oi.VIII. FEBRUARY 8, I9OI.I. Paper— "The Treatment of Inguinal Hernia." J. L.Lavin, 'oi.IX. FEBRUARY 20, 1 90 1.I. Paper, — "Report of a Case of Acute Yellow Atrophy,with Treatment and Recovery." I. J. D. Franklin, '01.Discussion — W. S. Kirtley, 'oi.2. Paper and demonstration — " Blastomycetic Dermatitis."Dr. Ricketts.3. Paper and demonstration — " Report of Case of Carbuncle of Lip Terminating Fatally." W. B. Wherry, '01.x. march 8, 1901.I. Paper — "The Treatment of Pulmonary Tuberculosis."M. H. Heffernau.Discussion — J. C. Ohlmacher, '01.J. S. Fox, '01. 2. Demonstration of Pathological Specimens of the Eye.Dr. Pusey.XI. APRIL 12, 1901.I. Paper — "Typhoid Bacilli in the Urine." H. E. Davies,'02.2. Paper — "Cathartics and Hypnotics in Treatment of theInsane." W. V. Gulick, 'oi.Discussion — W. L. Bumap, 'oi.Frank A. Eckdall, 'oi.B. Kinsell, 'oi.XII. |APRIL 26, 1 90 1.I. Paper — " Reversible Enzymes." Professor Lyons.2. Paper — " Reversible Enzymes." H. W. Raynor.xiv. may 10, 1 901.1. Address — " Elements That Make Success." ProfessorBrower.2. Paper — " Legal Medicine." D. D. Monroe, 'oi.xv. may 30, 1901.Lecture — "History of Antisepsis." Professor HowardKelly (Baltimore).xvi. JUNE 14, 1 90 1.I. Closing address. Professor Bevan.2. Annual election of officers.J. S. Fox, PresidentsJohn Crowe, Secretary.LIST OF PUBLICATIONS.BY THE MEMBERS OF THE FACULTY OF RUSH MEDICAL COLLEGEDURING THE YEAR 1900-1901.I. DEPARTMENT OF ANATOMY.Lewellys F. Barker."The Study of Anatomy." Journal of the AmericanMedical Association, Chicago, March 16, 190 1.English translation of W. Spalteholz, " Hand Atlas ofHuman Anatomy," Vol. I, Bones, Joints, Ligaments. Leipzig : S. Hirzel, 1900."Oh the Importance of Pathological and BacteriologicalLaboratories in Connection with Hospitals for the Insane."American Journal of Insanity y Vol. LVII, 1 90 1, pp. 501-17."The So-called Cardiac Neuroses." Chicago ClinicalRecorder > 190 1." Histology of the Brain." Reference Handbook of MedicalScience, second edition, Vol. II, pp. 322-65. New York :Wm. Wood & Co., 1 90 1." Report of the Commission Appointed by the Secretaryof the Treasury for the Investigation of Plague in SanFrancisco, under Instructions from the Surgeon-General ofthe Marine Hospital Service." Washington : GovernmentPrinting Office, 1901.166 UNIVERSITY RECORD" On the Profession of Nursing and its Future." Addressto the graduating class of the Training School at the Lakeside Hospital, Cleveland, May 29, 1901. American Journalof Nursing, June, 1901.T. A. Olney."The Surgical Anatomy of the Abdomen." ReferenceHandbook of Medical Science. Wm. Wood & Co.E. A. Irwin."Practical Points on Feeding the Sick." Read at theRocky Mountain Interstate Medical Association, at Butte,Mont. Denver Medical Times, January, 1 901.F. C. Waite."Bufo Agua in the Bermudas." Science, N. S., March I,1901, Vol. XIII, pp. 342, 343-II. DEPARTMENT OF PHYSIOLOGY.J. LOEB." On the Transformation and Regeneration of Organs."American Journal of Physiology, Vol. IV, 1901." Further Experiments on Artificial Parthenogenesis andthe Nature of the Process of Fertilization." Ibid., Vol. IV,1900." Artificial Parthenogenesis in Annelids (Chseloptrus) andthe Nature of the Process of Fertilization." Ibid., Vol. V,1901."Die Bedeutung der Ca und K Ionen fur die HerzthatisKert." Pfliigers Archiv, 1900." Comparative Physiology of the Brain and ComparativePsychology." New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1900." On an Apparently New Form of Muscular Irritability(Contact Irritability?) Caused by Solutions of Salts (Preferably Sodium Salts) Whose Anions are Liable to Form Insoluble Calcium Compounds." American Journal of Physiology,Vol. V, 1901.E. P. Lyon."Compensatory Motions in Fishes." American Journalof Physiology, Vol. IV, No. 2, July, 1900." An Improved Form of Kuhne's Artificial Eye." SchoolScience, June, 1 90 1.D. J. LlNGLE."The Action of Certain Ions on Ventricular Muscle."American Journal of Physiology, October 1, 1900.III. DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY.Walter S. Haines and Charles S. Woods." Is there Such a Constituent of the Urine as * Ureine ' ? "Medicine, April, 1 901.J. H. Salisbury."The Constitutional Treatment of Interstitial Gingivitis."Journal of the American Medical Association, August 25,1900. " The Relation of Diseases of the Mouth to Diseases ofthe Internal Organs." The Chicago Clinic, October, 1900."The Uric Acid Diathesis." Ibid., April and May, 1 90 1.IV. DEPARTMENT OF MATERIA MEDICA.J. A. Patton." Pharmacology and Modern Therapeutics.', The ChicagoClinic, Vol. XIII, No. 7, September, 1900." Pharmacology of Alkaline Medication." Ibid., Vol. XIII,No. 12, December, 1900.J. G. Sheldon."Dorsal Dislocation of the Trapezoid." AmericanJournal of Medical Sciences, January, 190 1." Appendicitis with Thrombosis and Suppuration in theRight Iliac and Femoral Veins." Annals of Surgery, July,1 90 1." The Relations of Mosquitoes, Rats, and Cats to Diseases." The World 'j Work, July, 1 90 1 .VI. DEPARTMENT OF PATHOLOGY.L. Hektoen." Section on Pathology." Progressive Medicine, March,1901. Philadelphia: Lea Brothers & Co,"Editorial Supervision of Translation of Diirck's Atlasand Epitome of Pathologic Histology." Vol. II. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders & Co., 1901."The Pathological Anatomy of the Blood Vessels."Reference Handbook of Medical Science, Vol. II. NewYork : Wood & Co., 1901."Two Rare Cardiac Anomalies." American Journal ofMedical Sciences, February, 190 1."Tuberculous Perimyocarditis with Tuberculous AorticAneurysm." Medicine, March, 1901.E. R. Le Count." Report of the Histologic Changes Found in the Tissuesof Animals Inoculated with Diplococcus scarlatinae"(Class). Journal of the Boston Society of Medical Sciences,1901, Vol. V, pp. 332, 333."The Genesis of Carcinoma of the Fallopian Tube inHyperplastic Salpingitis, with Report of a Case and a Tableof Twenty-one Reported Cases.', The Johns Hopkins HospitalBulletin, 1 90 1, Vol. XII, pp. 55-68.I. B. Diamond."Multiple Ossified Ecchondrosis and Exostosis of theTrachea and Larger Bronchi." Medicine, October, 1900.H. G. Wells." The Practical Value of the Determination of Indi-canuria." Western Clinical Recorder, Vol. II, No. 4, p. 267."The Present Conception of the Means of Defenseagainst Bacterial Invasion." Milwaukee Medical Journal,January, 1 901.UNIVERSITY RECORD 167"An Experimental Study of the Origin of the Epidemicof Tetanus Following July 4, 1899." Report of a casewith recovery. Philadelphia Medical Journal, June 16,1900."The Pathology of Active Tuberculosis of the Pericardium." Journal of the American Medical Association,May 25, 1901."Fourth of July Tetanus." Medical News, June I, 1 90 1.Theo. Tieken."Pancreas Annulare." Transactions of the ChicagoPathological Society, 1 90 1, Vol. IV.Martin H. Fischer."A Study of the Neurone Theory." Journal of Experimental Medicine, 1899, Vol. IV, p. 535."Some Observations upon the Motor Spinal GanglionCell." Transactions of the Chicago Pathological Society,1900, Vol. III." False Diverticula of the Intestine." Journal of Experimental Medicine, 1 90 1, Vol. V, p. 333."The Toxic Effects of Formaldehyde and Formalin."Boston Journal of Medical Sciences, 1900, Vol. V." Ionization in its Physiological and Pathological Relations." Medical Record, 1 901.VII. DEPARTMENT OF MEDICINE.Frank Billings.•* Gastro-Duodenal Disorders Due to Improper Modes ofLiving." Read at annual meeting of Michigan State Medical Society, at Mackinac Island, Mich., July 12, 1900.Transactions of the Michigan State Medical Society." Symptomology of Angina Pectoris." Chicago MedicalSociety, January, 1901 . Chicago Medical Recorder, February,1901."Report of the Progress of Cases of Pernicious Anemia,and the Report of a Case of Pernicious Anemia with Diffuse Spinal Cord Lesions and Post Mortem Findings."Association of American Physicians, Washington, D. C,May 1, 1 90 1. Transactions of the Association of AmericanPhysicians, 1 90 1."The Limitations of Medical Therapeutics." Address toOhio State Medical Society, Cincinnati, O., May 8, 1901.Transactions of the Ohio State Medical Society, 1 90 1." Some of the Fallacies of Uric Acid." Address to Illinois State Medical Society, Peoria, 111., May 22, 1901.Journal of Illinois State Medical Society, 1 9 0 1 .D. R. Brower."Hereditary Cerebellar Ataxia, Nocturnal Epilepsy." Aclinical lecture, Cook County Hospital. InternationalClinic, February, 1900." Acute Confusional Insanity, Cerebral Syphilis — Locomotor Ataxia." A clinical lecture delivered at Cook County Hospital, Chicago. The Clinical Review, Chicago, August*1900." Cerebral Neurasthenia ; or, Failure of Brain Power withSpecial Reference to its Electro-Therapeutics." Transactions of the American Electro- Therapeutic Association, 1900." The Care of Insane." An address delivered before theState Association of Supervisors and of Illinois, at Joliet,111., February 13, 1901. Transactions, 1 901.A paper on treatment of epilepsy, read before the Neurological and Chicago Medical Society, April 3, 190 1. Chicago Medical Recorder.A paper on the prevention of insanity, read before theSociety of Internal Medicine, February 28, 1900. Journat,of American Medical Association, May II, 1901."Observation on the Care and Treatment of the Insane."A paper read before the Illinois Medical Society, May 22,1 90 1 . Journal of the Society."A Neurological Clinic." The Medical Standard, May,1901.Norman Bridge."Human Temperature in Disease." Association ofAmerican Physicians, May 3, 1900. Transactions of theAssociation of American Physicians; also Journal of American Medical Association, July 12, 1 900." Climate for Tuberculosis." American Medical Association, June, 1900, Journal of American Medical Association,October 20, 1900." The Climatic Conditions of the Southwest Corner of the' United States." Chicago Medical Recorder, November, 1900.John M. Dodson."The Outlook of the Medical Man of Today." Addressbefore the graduating class of Rush Medical College, March22,1901. American Medicine, July, 1 90 1." Student Records and Credits ; Their Importance andCharacter." Read at the annual meeting of the Associationof American Medical Colleges, June 3, 1901. Bulletinof the American Academy of Medicine, July, 1901."What Should the University Do for Medical Education ? " University of Wisconsin Alumni Magazine, June,1901.A. C. Cotton." Diagnosis and Treatment of Heart Disease in Children."Adams County Medical Society, Quincy, 111., October,1900. Proceedings of the Society." Some Cardiopathies of the Developing Period." Societyof Internal Medicine, October 25, 1900. Pediatrics, May 1,1901." Pulmonopathies of Childhood." Northern Illinois Medical Association, LaSalle, December 4, 1900. Transactions."Catarrhs of Juvenile Respiratory Tract." Chicago Pediatric Society, December, 1900. Pediatrics.168 UNIVERSITY RECORD"Cretinism." Presentation of case. Chicago MedicalSociety, May, 190 1. Chicago Medical Recorder."Tuberculous Peritonitis in Childhood." Illinois StateMedical Society, Peoria, May 21, 190 1. Illinois Journal." A Monster," with classification and illustrations. American Medical Society, Niagara Falls, May 29, 1 901.Archives of Pediatrics."Diabetes Mellitus in Childhood." American MedicalAssociation, St. Paul, June 6, 1 90 1. The Journal"Amaurotic Family Idiocy." Thesis before ChicagoAcademy of Medicine, June 14, 1901. Archives of Pediatrics. '•. '"Medical Examination of Children for Life Insurance."Prudence Examiners' Association, June, 1 901. The MedicalExaminer and Practitioner."President's Second Annual Address." Chicago Pediatric Society, 1900. Doctor's Magazine, July, 1 90 1.James B. Herrick."Notes on Diabetes." American Journal of MedicalSciences, July, 1900 ; also Transactions of the Association ofAmerican Physicians, 1900." The Diagnosis of Diabetes Mellitus." Journal of American Medical Association, January 26, 1901."Some Points in the Diagnosis of Gall Stones." Ibid.,April 20, 19OX."Discussion on Malaria." Chicago Medical Recorder,January, 1901." Symptomatology of Cardiac Neuroses." Ibid., February,1901." The Treatment of Ulcer of the Stomach." Ibid., May,1901.John A. Robison." The State Prevention of Tuberculosis." Transactions ofthe Illinois State Medical Society. Journal of the IllinoisState Society, May, 1 90 1."Ocean Climates: Their Effects and the Cases TheyBenefit." Transactions of the Chicago Climatological andLaryngological Society. Journal of the American MedicalAssociation, May, 1 90 1 ."The Diagnosis and Prognosis of Cardiac Neuroses."Chicago Medical Recorder, February, 190 1."Membranous Colitis." Presidental address of ChicagoSociety of Internal Medicine. Journal of the AmericanMedical Association, February, 1 90 1 ." The Need of an Inter-State Society for the Prevention ofConsumption." Read before American Congress of Tuberculosis. The Sanatarian." Evidence that Bovine Tuberculosis is Communicable toMan Either by Direct Contact or by Food Infection."Journal of the American Medical Association, Vol. XXXIV,January 29, 1900. Harold N. Moyer."The So-called Traumatic Neuroses." American Medicine, Vol. I, No. 12, p. 550.J. A. Capps." Four Cases of Malaria Associated with Acute AbdominalPain." Journal of the American Medical Association, July 3,1900."A Preliminary Report on Some Observations of theBlood in Anemia." Ibid., February 16, 1901.F. S. Churchill."Williams, on Diseases of Children." Revision withnotes and additions. American edition, 1900."So-called 'Cyclical Albuminuria'" (with preliminaryreport of case). American Pediatric Society, May, 1901.Archives of Pediatrics.Thomas R. Crowder."Generalized Tuberculous Lymphadenitis, with the Clinical and Anatomical Picture of Pseudoluksemia ; the Studyof a Case." New York Medical Journal, September, 1900." Three Cases of Osseous Stylo-hyoid Arch." Medicine,May, 1901.I. A. Abt."A Case of Congenital Goitre and DiaphragmaticHernia." Chicago Medical Recorder, August, 1900."A Case of Laryngeal Stenosis. A Case of InfantileScurvy." Ibid., March, 1 90 1." Floating Kidneys in Children." Journal of the American Medical Association, April 27, 1 901."The Cardiac Lesions of Infancy and Childhood."Medicine, July, 1 901.Rosa Engelmann." History of a Case of Parencephalitis." Annals ojGynecology and Pediatrics, June, 1900, Vol. VIII."The Essential Conditions for Habitation to Develop andMaintain Healthful Family Existence." Medical News,September, 1900."Hydrocele in Children." Woman's Medical Journal,1900.Sydney Kuh." Cerebral Localization." Journal of the American Medical Association, August 25, 1900.VIII. DEPARTMENT OF SURGERY.Nicholas Senn."Practical Surgery." W. B. Saunders, 190 1." Edition of Esmarch and Kowalzig's Surgery." Macmillan& Co." Present Status of Carcinoma Questioned." Journal ofthe American Medical Association.UNIVERSITY RECORD 169"Central American Medical Aspect." Journal of theAmerican Medical Association.Christian Fenger." Conservative Operations for Renal Retention." Reportto the Section of Surgery of Urogenitary Organs in theInternational Medical Congress in Paris, 1900 (cooperators,Professor Kiister, of Marburg, Germany, and ProfessorBazy, of Paris). Transactions of the International Congress of Medicine; Annals of Surgery, April, 1901, p. 369."Conservative Operationen in renaler Retention." Lan-genbeck's Archiv fur klinische Chirurgie, Bd. 62, Heft 3.Abstract of "Conservative Operation bei renaler Retention."Monatsberichte uber die Gesamtleistungen aufdem Gebiete derKrankheiten des Ham- und Sexualapparatus, Bd. V, No. 1 1,1900." A Loop around the Hyoid Bone as an Aid in Narcosisduring Certain Operations on the Lower Jaw and in theMouth, and in After-Treatment. " American Medical Association, 1900; Annals of Surgery, No. 6, June, 1901, p. 673."Traumatic Aneurysm of the Carotid." Diagnosis ofRenal Calculi. Discussion in the Chicago Surgical Society.Ibid., 1900, pp. 342-7."Ileus." Annals of Surgery, I90i,p. 494.Arthur Dean Bevan." The Diagnosis of Stone in the Kidney by the X Ray,and Surgical Treatment." Annals of Surgery, March, 1901."Traumatic Neuroses from the Standpoint of a Surgeon."Journal of the American Medical Association, September,1900.William T. Belfield."Section of Genito-Urinary Diseases and Syphilis."Progressive Medicine, December, 1900.Truman W. Brophy." Surgical Treatment of Palatal Defects." Third International Dental Congress, Paris, August 8, 1900. DentalCosmos, April, 190 1.Alfred I. Bouffleur."Surgery of the Stomach." Philadelphia Medical Journal, Vol. VII, No. 4, February, 1901.F. S. Coolidge." Chicago Letter." St. Paul Medical Journal, December,1900."New Points in Tendon Surgery." Annals of Surgery,May, 1901.E. J. Senn."Subtrochanteric Amputation for Diffuse Skin Carcinoma." J -oztrnal of 'the 'American Medical Association, December 8, 1900."A Plea for Enterostomy in Acute Intestinal Obstruction." Annals of Gynecology and Pediatry, March, 190 1. "Operative Treatment of Saddle Nose, with two Illustrative Cases." American Medicine, June, 1 90 1.C. A. Parker."A Description of the Appearances in Five Cases oiDiaphragmatic Hernia." Medicine, June, 1 90 1."Observations on the Appendix Vermiformis Made inDissecting Room of Rush Medical College." Practical Surgery, Senn, pp. 706, 707.Ernest J. Mellish."Cholecystectomy and Cholecystostomy." Journal of theAmerican Medical Association, Vol. XXXV, p. 47." Report of a Case of Large Vesical Calculus." Annalsof Surgery, Vol. XXXIII, p. 347.Philip Schuyler Doane."Acute Intussusception in an Infant; Operation, Recovery,Relapse in Three and One-Half Months ; Second Operationand Recovery." Medicine, April, 1901.IX. DEPARTMENT OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY.J. Clarence Webster." Human Placentation ; An Account of the Changes inthe Uterine Mucosa and the Attached Fetal Structures."Monograph. Chicago : W. T. Keener & Co."Separation of the Recti Abdominis Muscles and Stretching of the Linea Alba." Journal of the American MedicalAssociation, 1900." Two Cases of Cesarean Section and One in Which Abdominal Section was Necessary Because of the Rupture ofthe Uterus." Western Medical Review, 190 1.Frank A, Stahl."Curage ; Two Advantages that it Possesses over Curet-"*tage." American Gynecology and Obstetrical Journal, October, 1900." A Fibromatous Uterus in Labor." American Gynecological and Obstetrical Journal, November, 1900.Henry Foster Lewis." The Treatment of Impacted Cases." Illinois MedicalJournal, July, 1900."Prolapsus Uteri." Chicago Clinical Review, October,1900."Specialism in Medicine." Chicago Clinical Review,May, 1 901." The Examination of Women for Life Insurance." Medical Examiner and Practitioner, 1900.Palmer Findlay."Arterio-sclerosis of the Uterus, with a Report of a Caseof So-called 'Apoplexia-Uteri.' " American Journal of Obstetrics, Vol. XLIII, No. 1, 1901.170 UNIVERSITY RECORD" Pressure Therapy in Gynecology and Obstetrics." Chicago Medical Recorder, October, 1 900." Hyperplastic Glandular Endometritis." American Journal of Obstetrics, 1 90 1.X. DEPARTMENT OF DISEASES OF THE CHEST,THROAT, AND NOSE.E. Fletcher Ingals." Relation of Tuberculosis to Life Insurance." AmericanMedical Association, June, 1900. Journal of the AmericanMedical Association." Sympathetic Cough Cured by Removal of Spur from Nasal Septum." Presented to the Pan-American Congress,Havana, Cuba, February, 1901. Transactions of Pan-American Congress." Diagnosis of Myocarditis and Fatty Degeneration of theHeart." Read before Chicago Medical Society, June 23,1 90 1. Chicago Medical Recorder."Adrenaline and Adrenaline Chloride." Read beforethe Chicago Laryngological and Climatological Society,February 28, 190 1. Journal of the American Medical Association."Mediastinal Tumors." Read before the Illinois StateMedical Society, May, 1901. Illinois Medical Journal, May,1901." Diagnosis of Diaphragmatic Hernia." Read before theChicago Laryngological and Climatological Association,April, 1 90 1. Journal of the American Medical Association,June 21, 1901." Diseases of the Nose and Larynx." (With H. G. Ohls.)American Year Book of Medicine and Surgery.John Edwin Rhodes."Pocket Dose Book." Revised. Sharp & Smith, 1900." Some Interesting Throat Paralyses in a Case of Locomotor Ataxia of an Irregular Form." Proceedings of Chicago Laryngological and Climatological Society. Journalof the American Medical Association, June 22, 190 1." Chancre of the Tonsil, with Report of Thirty-five Cases."American Laryngological Association, May 27, 1901. Transactions of American Laryngological Association, 1 90 1.Charles J. Whalen."Heredity and Environment." Dental 'Review, October15, 1900." Treatment of Tuberculosis of Lungs." Medicine, September, 1900." Epithelioma, Report of Two Cases — One of Slow andthe Other of Rapid Growth." Journal of the AmericanMedical Association, October 13, 1900.A Febrile Typhoid." Ibid., February 2, 1901. O. T. Freer." The Treatment of Adenoid Vegetations in the Nasopharynx." Chicago Laryngological and ClimatologicalSociety, July 5, 1900. Journal of the American MedicalAssociation, p. 1340, November 24, 1900." Thyroid Tissue in the Larynx and Trachea." ChicagoLaryngological and Climatogical Society, November 15,1900. Ibid., March 30, 1901." A Nasal Irrigator, Intratracheal Spray, and LaryngealApplicator." Ibid., February 16, 1901, p. 457."A Mediastinal Tumor," by Dr. E. Fletcher Ingals and Dr.O. T. Freer. Illinois State Medical Society. (Abstract inthe Illinois Medical Journal for May, 190 1, p. 587, by Dr. E.Fletcher Ingals.) Presented to the Rush Medical CollegeSociety by Dr. O. T. Freer. Transactions of the RushMedical College Medical Society for April, 190 1. IllinoisMedical Journal.George Morgenthau." Symptoms and Diagnosis of Hypertrophy of thePharyngeal Tonsil." Journal of the American MedicalAssociation, November 11, 1900.XL DEPARTMENT OF OPHTHALMOLOGY ANDOTOLOGY.F. C. Hotz." Methods of Clinical Instruction and the Management ofClinics." Bulletin of the American Medical Academy, Vol.V, 1900." On the Efficacy of Protargol in Pyogenic Affections ofthe Eye." Journal of the American Medical Association,September, 1900." Camphoroxol and Menthoxol in Diseases of the Ear."Annals of Otology, Rhinology, and Laryngology, February,1901.Albert B. Hale." Iritis Serum." Journal of the American Medical Association, June 30, 1900." Ocular Therapeutics for the General Practitioner, Holo-cain, Euphthalmin Protargol, Suprarenals." Chicago Medical Recorder, February, 1900." Eye Injuries Producing Similar Results in Both Eyes."New York Medical News, July 14, 1900.XII. DEPARTMENT OF SKIN, GENITO-URINARY,AND VENEREAL DISEASES.James Nevins Hyde."A Practical Treatise on Diseases of the Skin " (in conjunction with Professor Frank H. Montgomery). Sixthrevised edition, pp. 863. Philadelphia : Lea Brothers & Co.,1901.UNIVERSITY RECORD 171Frank Hugh Montgomery."A Practical Treatise on Diseases of the Skin" (in conjunction with Professor James Nevins Hyde). Sixth revisededition, pp. 863. Philadelphia: Lea Brothers & Co., 1901."Transactions of the American Dermatological Association at its Twenty-fourth Annual Meeting, May 1-3, 1900."Official report by Frank Hugh Montgomery, secretary, Chicago, 1901, pp. 235.Alfred Schalek." A Contribution to the Histogenesis of Melanosarcomaof the Skin." Journal of Cutaneous and Genito- UrinaryDiseases, July, 1900, New York." Pseudo-Phosphaturia as the Cause of a Persistent Urethritis." Medicine, March, 1901, Detroit, Mich.H. T. Ricketts."A New Mould Fungus as the Cause of Three Cases ofSo-called Blastomycosis or Oidiomycosis of the Skin."Journal of Boston Society of Medical Sciences, 1 901, Vol. V." Blastomycetic Dermatitis." Transactions of ChicagoPathological Society, 1 90 1 , Vol , IV.THE UNIVERSITY FACULTIES.Professor Dewey is giving courses at the University of California this summer.Dr. J. M. Flint, Associate in Anatomy, has been,during the past six weeks, assisting the MarineHospital in San Francisco in stamping out theplague. Of the fifty-two text-books which are to formTeubner's collections of texts on higher mathematics, the only one to appear in English is the bookon " Linear Groups" by L. E. Dickson.Professor George W. Myers has been electedFellow in the A. A. A. S., a life member in theAstronomische Gesellschaft, and a member of theSoci6t£ Astronomique de R£publique Francaise.H. N. Whitford received the degree of Masterof Science from Kansas State Agricultural College in June, 1901, and has also been appointedcollaborator in the Bureau of Forestry, U. S. Department of Agriculture. Director Francis W. Parker has published thefollowing books :"Talks on Pedagogics" (E. L. Kellogg & Co.); "Talkson Teaching" (E. L. Kellogg & Co.); "How to StudyGeography " (Appleton) ; " Uncle Robert's Geography,"Books I, II, and III.Professor Frederick Starr has in preparationthe following works on Mexican archaeology :" Mexican Popular Medicine ; " "The Tastoanes ; " " ThePhysical Characters of the Indians of Southern Mexico ; "" Indians of Southern Mexico : An Ethnographic Album,"Part II ; " Notes on the Ethnography of Southern Mexico,"Part II; "On Certain Peculiar Carved Stones from theState of Vera Cruz, Mexico ; " " Among the Mexican Indians : A Narrative of Travel and Work ; " " A Manual ofMexican Archaeology."^_ Dr. Bradley M. Davis spends the summer atWoods Holl, Mass., in charge of the botanicaldepartment of the Marine Biological Laboratory.Courses are offered in cryptogamic botany,phanerogamic botany, and plant physiology, bya staff of five instructors. Dr. Davis' work dealsspecially with the sea-weeds. He will be accompanied by several present and former students ofthe University. In carrying out a scientific mission to themuseums of Europe under appointment by thefour Royal Academies of Germany (Berlin, Leipzig, Munich, and Gottingen) for the Egyptiandictionary now being compiled by these academies, Assistant Professor Breasted has copied allthe Egyptian inscriptions in Bologna, Florence,Rome, Pisa, Turin, Marseilles, Lyons, Paris,Geneva, Leyden, and London. The museumsof Vienna and Naples were done privately beforethe appointment was made. This, therefore,completed all the great museums of Europe outside of Berlin. Included with this material areall the historical Egyptian inscriptions in Europe.These will all be translated by Professor Breastedin the oriental series, "Ancient Records," to bepublished by the University Press in conjunctionwith the Macmillah Co.172 UNIVERSITY RECORDPresident Harper delivered an address at theinauguration of President Alderman of theTulane University of Louisiana on March 12,1901. At the same time he received the honorary*degree of Doctor of Laws from that university.He addressed the Eastern Alumni Association ofthe University of Chicago at its meeting inNew York city on April 8, and spoke before theArt Club of Lake Forest April 30 on "Artamong the Hebrews." At the meeting of theNational Educational Association at Detroit inJuly he presented the report of the Committeeon a National University. He has been appointeda member of the Board of Visitors of the NavalObservatory for the year 190 1-2, and also amember of the committee on the Olympiangames.Recent articles by members of the Faculties :" Genetic Development of the Forests of Northern Michigan : A Study in Physiographic Ecology," by H. N. Whit-ford. Botanical Gazette, May, 1 90 1." Notes on Foreign Schools," II, by W. S. Jackman. Educational Review, June, 1001." The System of /3 Lyrae," by George W. Myers. Astro-physical Journal, January, 1899; Popular Astronomy, 1899."Influence on Variability of a Star, of Secular Changes,of Eccentricity and Position of Line of Apsides," by GeorgeW.Myers. Popular Astronomy, 1898."Educational Value of Mathematics," by George W.Myers. Home and School Journal, January and February,1901." Concerning the Abelian and Related Linear Groups,"by L. E. Dickson. Proceedings of the London MathematicalSociety, Vol. XXXIII, pp. 313-25, June, 1901." Theorie des groupes line*aires dans un domaine arbitrairede rationality," note de M. L.-E. Dickson, pre*sente*e par M.Jordan. Comptes Rendus des Stances de VAcadimie des Sciences, tome CXXXII, 24 Juin 1901." Slavery in Germanic Society During the Middle Ages,"by Agnes Wergeland. Journal of Political Economy,December, 1900 ; June, 1 901."King Harmhab and His Sakkara Tomb," by J. H.Breasted. Zeitschrift fur Aegypt. Sprache, Vol. XXXVIII." Varia," by J. H. Breasted. Proceedings of the Society ofBiblical Archceology, London, Vol. XXIII."The Wadi Haifa Stela of Semvosret I.," by J. H.Breasted. Proceedings of the Society of Biblical Archceology,London. " Nuclear Studies on Pellia," by B. M. Davis. Annals ofBotany, 15, 1 901." The Histology of the Brain," by L. F. Barker. Buck'sReference Handbook of the Medical Sciences, Vol. II, 1901." Report of Commission on Bubonic Plague in San Francisco," by L. F. Barker. Bulletin Marine Hospital Service,1901." The Fayal Alphabet," by Frederick Starr. Unity, June13, 1901." Notes on Mandrake Superstitions," by Frederick Starr.American Antiquarian, July- August, 1 90 1." Constructive Studies in the Priestly Element in the OldTestament," by President W. R. Harper. Biblical World,April-July, 1 90 1."Ancient Hebrew Oracles," by W. Muss-Arnolt. TheReform Advocate, Chicago, Nos. 21, 22, 23, 24.English translations of the Inscriptions of Agumkakrime,Tiglath-Pileser I., King of Assyria ; The Babylonian Accountof the Creation ; A Second Account of the Creation ; AnotherAccount of the Fight between Marduk and Tiamat ; ShorterBabylonian Legends; The Gilgamesh Narrative, usuallycalled the Babylonian Nimrod Epic ; Other Accounts ofand References to the Deluge ; Some Babylonian Laws ;Some Proverbs and Sayings; contributed by W. Muss-Arnolt to "Assyrian and Babylonian Literature. Selectionsin English Translation," edited by Robert Francis Harper.D. Appleton & Co., 1901,Recent reviews by members of the Faculties :P. Jensen : " Assyrisch-babylonische Mythen und Epen ; "and, J. Rosenberg : "Assyrische Sprachlehre und Keilschrift-kunde fur das Selbststudium." W. Muss-Arnolt, AmericanJournal of Semitic Languages and Literatures, January,1901.Marshall : " The Mushroom Book." B. M. Davis, Botanical Gazette, 31, p. 358, 1901.Peck : " Report of State Botanist on Edible Fungi of NewYork." B. M. Davis, Botanical Gazette, 31, p. 359, 1901.Kurt Sethe : "Sesostris." J. H. Breasted, A7nerican Historical Review, Vol. VI, No. 3, pp. 535 ff.Korschelt and Steider : " Lehrbuch der vergl. Entwick-lungsgeschichte der wirbellosen Tiere." (Translation.) F. R.Lillie, Science, May, 1901.Page: "The End of Villainage in England." AgnesWergeland, Journal of Political Economy, March, 1901.Cunningham :" Western Civilization." Agnes Wergeland, Journal of Political Economy, June, 1 90 1 .Wood: "Political Economy of Humanism." AgnesWergel and, Jou rnal of Political Economy, June, 1 9 0 1 .Graham : " English Political Philosophy." Agnes Wergeland, The Dial, May 16, 1901.UNIVERSITY RECORD 173Robertson: "Introduction to English Politics." AgnesWergeland, The Dial, May 1 6, 1901.Young : " Teaching of Mathematics in Prussia." GeorgeW. Myers, School Review, May, 1 90 1.Dewey: "The School and Society." A. W. Moore, Review of Education, July, 1901.Ormond: "The Foundations of Knowledge." J. H.Tufts, Philosophical Review, January, 190 1.Bergson : " La Rire." J. H. Tufts, Psychological Review,January, 190 1.W. Graham : " English Political Philosophy from Hobbesto Maine." J. H. Tufts, American Historical Review, January, 1 90 1.Rand: "Shaftesbury's Life, Letters and PhilosophicalRegimen." J. H. Tufts, American Historical Review, April,1901.Thilly: "Outlines of Ethics" J. H. Tufts, AmericamJournal of Theology, January, 1 90 1.Arber: "British Anthologies": III, The Spenser Anthology, 1 548-1 591; IV, The Shakespeare Anthology, 1592-1616; V, The Jonson Anthology, 1617-1637. A. H. Tol-man, Jahrbuch der deutschen Shakespeare Gesellschaft,XXXVII, 1901." Encyclopedia Biblica," articles on Old Testament Introduction. W. R. Harper, American Journal of Theology,April, 190 1.Books published by members of the Faculties :"Experimental Physics, Translation," by George W.Myers. Kegan Paul, Trench, Triibner & Co., London."Methods of Plant Histology," by C. J. Chamberlain.The University of Chicago Press." Linear Groups, with an Exposition of the Galois FieldTheory," by L. E. Dickson, ix + 312 pp. "Teubner'sSammlung von Lehrbiichern auf dem Gebiete der mathe-matischen Wissenschaften mit Einschluss ihrer Anwen-dungen." Leipzig, 1901."A New Chapter in the Life of Thutmose III.," by J. H.Breasted. Hinrichs, Leipzig, 1900."Theological and Semitic Literature for the Year 1900,"by W. Muss-Arnolt. 108 pp. The University of ChicagoPress, 1 90 1."A Concise Dictionary of the Assyrian Language," byW. Muss-Arnolt. Parts 10 and 11 (pp. 577-704). Reuther& Reichard, Berlin, 1901.Recent addresses by members of the Faculties :" The Passion Play at Oberammergau," by T. L. Neff,before the Twentieth Century Club, Greencastle, Ind.,March 29, 190 1. " The Importance of the Study of Chemistry as a Preparation for Medicine, by L. F. Barker, at the University ofWisconsin, May 9, 190 1." The Clinical Aspects of Bubonic Plague," by L. F. Barker, before Association of American Physicians, Washington, May 1, 190 1." The Profession of Nursing and its Future," by L. F.Barker, at Lake Side Hospital, Cleveland, May 29, 190 1.Six addresses on the subjects: (1) "Expository Preaching;" (2) "Illustration of the Same by an Outline Exposition of Two Passages of Scripture;" (3) "Textual andTopical Preaching;" (4) " Chrysostom ; " (5) "The Sermon on the Mount," homiletically treated ; (6) " The Preaching of Christ," by Galusha Anderson, Pella, la., July 3 to 7,1 90 1."The First Reformer," by J. H. Breasted, before theFranco-English Guild, Paris, March 28, 1901." Studies in the Origin and Development of Habit," byElla F. Young, before the Pedagogical Society of St. Louis,St. Louis, Mo., April 27, 1901." Ethics in the School/' by Ella F. Young, at Oswego,N.Y., June 25, 1901." The Kindergarten in the Twentieth Century," by BerthaPayne, at a kindergarten convention, Buffalo, N. Y., July 3,1901."Deutsche Beitrage zum amerikanischen Geisteslebender Gegenwart," by S. W. Cutting, before the Nationalendeutsch-amerikanischen Lehrerbund, at Indianapolis, July11, 1901." How Parents May Enlist the Interest of Children inNature Study," by W. S. Jackman, before Congress ofMothers, Charleston, 111., May 18, 190 1." Modern Tendencies in Secondary Education," by G. H.Locke, before the Convocation of the University of theState of New York, Albany, July 2, 1901." Professional Training for Persons Intending to Teachin Our Secondary Schools," by G. H. Locke, before theNational Educational Association, Detroit, July 10, 1901.OFFICIAL NOTICES.Final Examinations for Higher Degrees areheld as follows :DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY.Thomas Louis Comparette. Subjects : Latin,Greek, and Archaeology. C 2 b ; June 29, 1901,2:30 P.M.174 UNIVERSITY RECORDThomas Milton Putnam. Subjects : Mathematics, Astronomy. R 36; July 16, 1901, 3:00P.M.David Lee Maulsby. Subjects : English,Romance, and Germanic Philology. C 4 d ;July 22, 1901, 3:30 p.m.Edgar Howard Sturtevant. Subjects :Sanskrit and Comparative Philology, Latin. C2 B ; July 22, 1901, 4: 00 p.m.Clifton Daggett Gray. Subjects: Assyrian,Old Testament. Haskell 23; August 9, 1901,3: 00 P.M.BACHELOR OF DIVINITY.John Franklin Boeye. Haskell 36 ; July 3,1901, 10: 30 A.M.Fred Delisle Finn. Haskell 28; July 23,1901, 3:30 P.M.MASTER OF ARTS.Lucien Hatfield Bugbee. Subject: Biblicaland Patristic Greek. Haskell 28; July 25, 1901,4:30 P.M.William Kennon Matthews. Subject : Biblical and Patristic Greek. Haskell 28; July 26,1901,4:30 P.M.The Alliance Francaise, in cooperation withthe University of Chicago, makes the followingannouncements :Courses AA and BB (Elementary French forbeginners) will be repeated during the secondterm, provided enough applications are received.Courses GG, HH, and II (given during thesecond term in French on French Institutionsand Art in France) are open to non-matriculatedstudents on payment of a special fee.For all these courses University credit is givento matriculated students. Special Circular atInformation Office.A club for French conversation and reading isabout to be formed, and will meet during thesecond term two or three times a week. Personsdesiring to join may send their names and addresses to Assistant Professor Ingres, FacultyExchange. THE UNIVERSITY CONGREGATION.THE TWENTY-FIFTH MEETING.The twenty-fifth meeting of the University Congregation was held in Congregation Hall, Haskell Oriental Museum, June 14, 1901, at 2 : 30p. m. President Harper occupied the chair.Fifty-five members were present. The prayerwas offered by the University Chaplain, Mr.Henderson. The result of the election by therespective classes of members in the UniversityCongregation of their representatives in the University Senate and the University Council for thecoming year was announced as follows :As representatives of the Doctors of Philosophy and the Masters of Arts, Philosophy, orScience :Senator, Professor Edward Capps.Councilor, Associate Professor George E.Vincent.As representatives of the Bachelors of Divinity :Senator, Professor Charles R. Henderson.Councilor, Professor E. D. Burton.As representatives of the Bachelors of Arts,Philosophy, or Science :Senator, Professor Robert F. Harper.Councilor, Professor Galusha Anderson.The welcome to the new members of the Congregation was given by Vice-President Chamber-lin. The following new members were welcomedand signed the roll :George Sutherland ; Gerald B. Smith ; SamuelB. Sinclair ; Sophonisba P. Breckenridge ; Frederick W. Shipley; F. G. Franklin; Annie M.MacLean ; Gilbert A. Bliss ; John C. Hessler ;Norman D. Harris.The following resolution proposed for discussion was taken up :That, in the interests of scholarship and justice,the degree of Doctor of Philosophy be hereafter conferred without grade.The brief upon the proposition prepared bythe committee, Messrs. Mathews and Freund,was presented in printed form and expounded bythe committee. After discussion by Messrs.UNIVERSITY RECORD 175Tufts and Judson, the action contemplated in theproposition was rejected by the Congregation.The thanks of the Congregation were voted tothe committee for the admirable presentation offacts on the subject in their brief.The chairman then called attention to someimportant actions taken by University RulingBodies during the Spring Quarter, as reported inthe printed statement submitted to the Congregation. The report of the Treasurer was postponed until the next meeting. The committeeappointed to nominate officers for the ensuingquarter and year made the following recommendations, which were approved :For Vice-President for the ensuing quarter,Professor J. M. Manly.For Treasurer for the ensuing year, Dr. JamesH. Boyd.For Marshal for the ensuing year, AssociateProfessor George E. Vincent.The chairman appointed as the committee onthe nomination of officers for the following meeting : Messrs. Chamberlin and Mead, and MissTalbot.The Congregation thereupon adjourned withthe benediction by the Chaplain.The following persons were elected by theAlumni Association as representatives of theAlumni in the University Congregation for theterm of 1901-1911 :Bachelors of Art, Philosophy, and Science. — George A.Woodworth, Grace Read,1 Henry I. Bosworth, Ella HaighGoogins, Elisabeth Cooley Bruner, Hervey W. Booth, Jessie Waite Wright, Eugene Parsons, Charles E. R. Mueller,Luther G. Bass.Bachelors of Divinity.— Orson P. Bestor, John Gordon, A.R. E. Wyant, Herbert L. Stetson, Bower R. Patrick.Masters cf Art, Philosophy, and Science. — Caroline S. Mad-docks, Vernon P. Squires, Mary P. Sturges, John B. Curtis,Ada Zarbell.________CURRENT EVENTS.The University has just concluded the installation of an exhibit at the Pan-American Exposition. The exhibit consists of : 1. Statistical and graphic charts, showing thegrowth and development of the University.These charts, about forty in number, are 22X28inches in size.2. A specially prepared collection of photographs, including the following :a) Photographs of all the buildings.b) Interiors of Women's Dormitories.c) Interior of Walker Museum.d) Interior of the Physical Laboratory.e) Interior of a Departmental Library./) A collection of photographs showing the equipment ofthe Yerkes Observatory.3. The Department of Physics is representedby an exhibit of apparatus used in special researchwork in the department. The instruments included are :a) Harmonic analyzer.b) Ruling engine.c) Interferometer (for lengths).d) Interferometer (for angles).e) Gratings./) Echelon spectroscope.4. The development and growth of the differentdepartments of the University Extension Divisionis fully set forth in a fine collection of charts especially prepared for this purpose.5. A special feature of the exhibit is a series ofseven astronomical photographs, 25X30 inches,prepared by the Yerkes Observatory. These areprinted on glass and mounted in a specially prepared case, which will be illuminated by electriclamps. Inasmuch as the photographs are thelargest of the kind ever made, they will be of unusual interest to students of astronomy.In pursuance of the plans made at the time ofthe affiliation of the Alliance Francaise with theUniversity of Chicago to bring from time to timedistinguished Frenchmen to this city for the purpose of giving courses of lectures on the History,Art, Literature, and Institutions of their nativecountry, MM. Henri Breal and Theodore Jongreswill spend the second term of the current quarterat the University.M. Breal, who is the son of the distinguishedprofessor in the College de France, Michel Breal,176 UNIVERSITY RECORDis a brilliant young attorney in Paris, and has thereputation of being an exceptionally attractivepublic speaker. It was he who presented theclaims of Chicago to the Olympian Games Commission. He is announced to deliver two coursesof twenty-five lectures each. The first course isdevoted to French History, and will be delivereddaily at 9 o'clock a.m. In the second course,which will be delivered at 1:30 p.m. daily, M.Br£al will consider French Political, Social, Economic, and Educational Institutions.M. Jongres is a painter of animals. His mostrecent painting, " Farm Horses," exhibited in theSalon during the past year, has attracted muchattention. He will lecture at 10:30 a.m. daily onFrench Architecture, Sculpture, and Painting.Special attention will be given to ContemporaryArt, Applied Art, and the Schools and Galleriesof France ; also Classical, Romantic, and Landscape Painting.All the lectures of these courses will be delivered in French at the University, beginningMonday, July 29.In view of the many requests which have beenreceived from residents of the city, arrangementshave been made to throw these courses open tothe general public on the payment of a smallfee : $10 for one course, $15 for two, and $20 forthe three courses.THE ALUMNI.NOTES AND COMMUNICATIONS.Anna L. Van Benschoten, 'oo, of Binghamp-ton, N. Y., is spending the summer in Germany.William N. Mebane, Ph.D., '99, pastor in Fredericksburg, Va., has accepted a call to Hanover,Ind.Ralph S. Lillie, Ph.D., 'oi, has accepted anassistantship in physiology in Harvard MedicalSchool. He is an instructor at the Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Holl, Mass., for thesummer. Eflfie Thompson, graduate student, has accepteda position to teach Greek in Earlham College,Richmond, Ind.Charles S. Winston, '96, has charge of the engineering work with the Kellogg Switch BoardCompany of Chicago.John M. Gillette, Ph.D., 'oi, has been appointed principal of the Jacksonville, 111., Academy for Young Women.Henry T. Colestock, D.B., '99, pastor at Madison, Wis., has received the degree of Ph.D. (honorary) from Bucknell University.Hannah B. Clark, Ph.D., '97, has been madeassistant professor of sociology in the West Virginia University at Morgantown, W. Va.Adolph C. von Noe\ 'oi, teacher in Burlington(Iowa) Institute, has been made assistant in German at Leland Stanford Junior University.C. H. Gordon, Ph.D., '95, superintendent ofschools at Lincoln, Neb., has been appointed aslecturer on school supervision in the Universityof Nebraska.Lee Byrne, A.M., '99, formerly teacher iaBradley Polytechnic Institute at Peoria, 111., hasgained a fellowship in Greek at the University ofPennsylvania.Charles L. Burroughs, '99, will enter the University of Pennsylvania in the autumn for a postgraduate course. He holds the Harrison fellowship in history.William C. Alden, '98, field assistant to theUnited States Geological Survey under ProfessorChamberlin, is now preparing a report on his-work in Wisconsin.Ormsby E. Pettet, 'oo, is assisting in the workof wiring the buildings at the University preparatory to using electricity as soon as the new powerhouse is completed.T. B. Glass, former fellow in Greek and professor of Greek in Washburn College, Topeka„Kan., has accepted the chair of Greek in Monmouth College, 111.UNIVERSITY RECORD 177William E. Moffatt, '96, assistant in Latin atBradley Polytechnic Institute, Peoria, 111., hasaccepted a position in the Latin department atLewis Institute, Chicago.Arthur C. Chute, D.B., '83, recently received thedegree of D.D. from Acadia College, Canada,where he has been appointed to the chair ofHebrew and systematic theology.Rev. George Cross, Ph.D., 'oo, pastor of theAylmer, Ont., church, has been appointed to takethe professorship of church history at McMasterUniversity, Toronto, for the next academic year.Hugo Jone, '95, city chemist of Chicago, is experimenting on a process for converting coal directly into electricity. He patented the processtwo years ago and since then has been graduallyimproving it.Thomas J. Taylor, '94, formerly principal ofthe school at Bathgate, N. D., sailed recently forthe Philippine Islands, where he has an appointment under the new school system established bythe government.Reichert MicroscopesMICROTOMESANDACCESSORIESEVERYTHING FOR THE BACTERIOLOGICAL, CHEMICALAND PHYSICAL LABORATORYPhysicians and others interested are invited to send us theiraddresses in order that we may send to them ournew "Descriptive and Illustrated List of SpecialApparatus for Blood and Urine Analysis,"just published.RICHARDS & CO., Ltd.NEW YORK " CHICAGO12 East 1 8th Street 108 East Lake Street Charlotte J. Cipriani, '97, recently received thedegree of doctor of letters from the University ofParis. She was granted the first doctor's degreeever conferred upon a woman by that university.*Her thesis was "A Study of Certain ProperNames of German Origin."On the Faculty for the Summer Quarter are thefollowing alumni who are members of the faculties of other institutions : Fred. B. R. Hellems,Ph.D., '98, professor of Latin, University of Colorado ; Otis W. Caldwell, Ph.D., '98, professor ofbotany, Eastern Illinois Normal School; Theodore C. Burgess, Ph.D., '98, assistant professor ofGreek and Latin, Bradley Polytechnic Institute;Herbert N. McCoy, Ph.D., '98, associate professorof chemistry, University of Utah; William D.Merrell, Ph.D., '98, instructor in botany, University of Rochester ; Johannes B. E. Jonas, Ph.D.,'99, instructor in German, Purdue University;John H. McDonald, Ph.D., 'oo, instructor inmathematics, Burlington Institute.SHARPcaSMITHSLEADERA COMPLETE POCKET CASEFor $5.00SURGICAL INSTRUMENTSHOSPITAL SUPPLIES & &02 Wabash Avenue, <£> & ChicagoTwo doors north of Washington St.178 UNIVERSITY RECORDOFFICIAL REPORTS.THE LIBRARY.During the Spring Quarter, April I to July I, 1901, therehas been added to the library of the University a total number of 3697 volumes, from all sources :Books added by purchase, 2313 volumes, distributed asfollows:General Library, 365 vols.; Philosophy, 13 vols.; Education, 21 vols.; Policical Economy, 38 vols.; Political Science,70 vols.; History, 1093 vols.; Classical Archaeology, 9 vols.;Sociology, 35 vols.; Sociology (Divinity), 14 voTs.; Anthropology, 27 vols.; Comparative Religion, 5 vols.; Semitic, 3vols.; New Testament, 7 vols.; Sanskrit and ComparativePhilology, 2$ vols.; Greek, 41 vols.; Latin, 36 vols.; Latinand Greek, 32 vols.; Romance, 3 vols.; German, 13 vols.;English, 71 vols.; Mathematics,, 17 vols.; Astronomy (Ryer-son), 8 vols.; Astronomy (Yerkes), 16 vols.; Chemistry, 8vols.; Physics, 26 vols.; Geology, 7 vols.; Zoology, 59 vols.;Anatomy, 14 vols.; Neurology, 20 vols.; Physiology, 8 vols.;Botany, 11 vols.; Public Speaking, 10 vols.; Church History, 10 vols.; Systematic Theology, 32 vols.; Morgan ParkAcademy, 27 vols.; Dano-Norwegian Theological Seminary,17 vols.; Dano-Norwegian and Swedish Theological Seminary, 4 vols.; Literature in English (Department XVI), 18vols.; Commerce and Administration, 81 vols.; PhysicalCulture, I vol. Books added by gift, 970 volumes, distributed as fohlows:General Library, 549 vols.; Philosophy, 1 vol.; Education,12 vols.; Political Economy, 14 vols.; Political Science, 2vols.; History, 71 vols.; Classical Archaeology, 1 vol.; Semitic, 1 vol.; New Testament, 7 vols.; Sanskrit and Comparative Philology, 4 vols.; Latin, 106 vols.; Latin andGreek, 1 vol.; English, 47 vols.; Mathematics, I vol.; Astronomy (Ryerson), 2 vols.; Physics, I vol.; Geology, 8 vols.;Biology, 72 vols.; Zoology, 3 vols.; Physiology, 2 vols.;Botany, 5 vols.; Church History, 3 vols.; Systematic Theology, 1 vol.; Swedish Theological Seminary, 1 1 vols.; Dano-Norwegian Theological Seminary, 26 vols. Music, 8 vols.;Literature in English (Department XVI), 9 vols.; Commerceand Administration, I vol.; President's Office, ir vol.Books added by exchange for University publications,414 volumes, distributed as follows :General Library, 146 vols.; Education, 45 vols.; PoliticalEconomy, 31 vols.; Political Science, 1 vol.; History, 3 vols.;Sociology, 15 vols.; Anthropology, 2 vols.; ComparativeReligion, 11 vols.; Semitic, 3 vols.; New Testament, 29 vols.;English, 1 vol.; Astronomy (Yerkes), 27 vols.; Physics, 1vol.; Geology, 30 vols.; Neurology, I vol.; Botany, 13 vols.;Church History, 33 vols.; Systematic Theology, 16 vols.;Homiletics, 3 vols.; Haskell, 2 vols.; Semitic and NewTestament, 1 vol.Post-Graduate Medical School of Chicago2400 DEARBORN STREETPermit us to call your attention to some of the advantages offered inour General Course for 1901. 'There will be actual clinical work beginning each day at 9 o'clockA.M., and continuing until 6 o'clock p.m. Didactic lectures evenings«P°n such special topics as the class may desire. The clinical materialin all departments is very abundant, and you examine, diagnose, and treatthese cases under the supervision of the professor in charge. Classes aresmall, thereby virtually giving you individual instruction.We have a hospital in the same building. The operating rooms havebeen so arranged that you are near enough to the operator to observe themost minute operations. The members of our faculty attend their clinicsm person, and you will be kept busy all day in 6ur own building.We are located in the medical center and can, if you desire, give with-°"*^x.tra *ees the opportunity of witnessing the work of the best operatorsof Chicago in some ten of the leading outside hospitals.W. FRANKLINCOLEMAN, M.D,,PresidentW. L.BAUM, M.D,,Treasurer Fee for General Course for one month, $55.00. (This amount includes matriculation fee, which is good for life.)Prof. F. Robert Zeit gives special Practical Courses on Pathologyand Bacteriology.Special courses are given on Surgical Anatomy and Operative Surgery on the Cadaver, also for Intestinal Surgery on dogs.Prof. A. R. Elliott gives special courses on Urinary Analysis,chemical and microscopical.For complete information regarding our School, send for IllustratedBulletin No. 7. ARTHUR R,ELLIOTT, M.D.,Vice PresidentALEX HUGHFERGUSON, M.D.POST-GRADUATE MEDICAL SCHOOLFRANKLIN H. MARTIN, MIX, Secretary. & & Jt 2400 Dearborn Street, CHICAGOTHE ELEMENTARYSCHOOL TEA CHER andThe COURSE OF STUDY(FORMERLY PUBLISHED BY THE CHICAGO INSTITUTE)Monthly except in August and September. Subscription Price$1.50 in the United States; Foreign, $2.00; Single Copies, 20 centsPUBLISHED BY THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO PRESSA N N O U N C E M E N TTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO PRESS announces the appearance of Volume II, Number 1 (July, 1901) of The Elementary School Teacher and The Course of Study, whichis the first issue of this periodical to be published under itsauspices. The first volume was published during the year ending June,1 901, by the Chicago Institute, under the name of The Course of Study.The magazine is a monthly periodical intended for teachers and parents,and each number contains the practical plans for teaching in every gradefrom the kindergarten through the high and pedagogic schools. Someof the leading features will continue to be Parker's Syllabi on Psychologyand Jackman's Outlines on Nature Study, with special articles on primaryreading lessons, the correlation of music, and designs for hand work andworking drawings.The magazine will appear regularly throughout the year, exceptingin the months of August and September. The subscription price hasbeen reduced from $2.00 to $1.50 per year ; sample copies sent on application. Special rates to clubs. Agents wanted in all sections of the country.Address THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGOPRESS : : : : : CHICAGO, ILLINOISChe elementarySchool Record A SERIES OF MONOGRAPHS ON THE EXPERIMENTALSCHOOL OF THE PEDAGOGICAL DEPARTMENT OF THE- UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO —Edited by JOHN DEWEY and LAURA L, RUN YONThe object of the Elementary School Record is to make possiblefor use in other schools the details of subject-matter andmethod in the application of modern psychology in education,as demonstrated by the University Elementary School. Theplan includes a series of nine monographs, each number containing a record of work done by a group in the school, andalso an article concerning the work of one department in allgrades. The complete series is now ready.The series, royal 8uo, paper\1.26, cloth $1.75, net. The University of Chicago PressCHICAGO, ILLINOISSOME PUBLICATIONS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO ONReligion and TheologyConstructive Studies in the Life of Christ. Prepared for Use in AdvancedBible Classes. By Ernest D. Burton and Shailer Mathews.With many corrections and revisions since its appearance in theBiblical World in 1900. 302 pp., 8vo, cloth ....... $1.00The Primitive Era of Christianity as Recorded in the Acts of the Apostles,30-63 A. D. A Series of Inductive Studies in the English Bible.By Clyde W. Votaw. 122 pp., 8vo, paper, net 25Books for New Testament Study. Prepared by Clyde Weber Votaw andCharles F. Bradley. Recommended by the Council of Seventy.80 pp., royal 8vo, paper, net .50The Present Status of the Inquiry Concerning the Genuineness of the PaulineEpistles. By Bernhard Weiss. 78 pp., royal 8vo, paper, net . . .50The Contest for Liberty of Conscience in England. By Wallace St. John.155 pp., royal 8vo ; paper, net $0.50; cloth, net 75The Utterances of Amos Arranged Strophically. By President WilliamR. Harper. 20 pp., royal 8vo, paper, net 15For sale by Bookdealers or by the PublishersTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO PRESS & CHICAGO, ILLINOISg^-75 BLICKENSDERFER TYPEWRITERS ARE USED IN THE CHICAGOUNIVERSITY BY FACULTY AND STUDENTS, CERTAINLY A STRONGENDORSEMENT OF ITS WORTH FOR BOTH SCHOOL & OFFICE WORKBY BUYING ABlickensderfer TypewriterYou can save on the Purchase Price from $50.00 to $65.00Equals any $100.00 machine on the market, and superior to manyTwo Models : No. 5, $35.00; No. 7, $50.00WHAT WE CLAIM : Perfect alignment, writing in sight, interchangeable type, durable,strong, and portable.WHAT WE GUARANTEE : The Blickensderfer Typewriter will do as much work in asshort a time and in a better manner than any machine on the market ; has more goodfeatures, and as for manifolding and mimeographing is without an equal.For catalogue, terms, testimonials, etc., addressBlickensderfer Manufacturing Co.Executive Office and Factory, Stamford, Conn. 1 48 La Salle Street, Chicago, 111.The Journals of the University of ChicagoBEING THE DESCRIPTIVE LIST OF FIVE MONTHLY,ONE WEEKLY, ONE BI-MONTHLY, THREE QUARTERLY,AND ONE SEMI-QUARTERLY PUBLICATIONS^^THE BIBLICAL WORLDEdited by President W. R. Harper. A popular illustratedmonthly magazine. Subscription price, in the United States,$2.00 a year; foreign, $2.50; single copies, 20 cents.The Biblical World is devoted exclusively to biblicalstudy, and so edited and illustrated as to afford thegreatest aid to the busy clergyman, the progressiveSunday-school teacher, and the thinking layman.THE SCHOOL REVIEWPublished monthly, except in July and August. Subscriptionprice, in the United States, $1.50 a year; foreign, $2.00;single copies, 20 cents.So adequately has the School Review served theinterests of High School and Academy work that it hascome to be recognized as the official organ of secondary education in the United States. It is devoted exclusively to this field, is progressive, practical, andhelpful, and is indispensable to every teacher.THE BOTANICAL GAZETTEEdited by John M. COULTER. Published monthly, with illustrations. Subscription price, in the United States, $4.00 ayear; foreign, $4.50; single copies, 50 cents.The Botanical Gazette is an illustrated monthlyjournal devoted to botany in its widest sense. Formore than twenty years it has been the representativeAmerican journal of botany, containing contributionsfrom the leading botanists of America and Europe.THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SOCIOLOGY Edited by Albion W. Small. Publishedbi-monthly, with illustrations. Subscription price, in theUnited States, $2.00 a year; foreign, $2.50; single copies,35 cents.#The special aim of the A?nerican Journal of Sociology is to show that the " social problem" is bothmany problems and one problem. It has alreadymade itself indispensable to Americans who are tryingto keep informed about the general tendencies in therapidly changing field of sociology.THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SEMITICLANGUAGES AND LITERATURESEdited by President William R. Harper. Published quarterly. Subscription price, in the United States, $3.00 a year;foreign, $3.25; single copies, 75 cents.The object of this journal is to encourage the studyof the Semitic languages and literatures, to furnishinformation concerning the work of Semitic studentsat home and abroad, and to act as a medium for thepublication of scientific contributions in those departments. Articles are published in the German, Frenchand Latin, as well as in English.Address, THE UNIVERSITY OF THE JOURNAL OF GEOLOGYEdited by T. C. Chamberlin. Published semi-quarterly, withillustrations. Subscription price, in the United States, $3.00a year; foreign, $3.50; single copies, 50 cents.Devoted to the interests of geology and the alliedsciences, and contains articles covering a wide rangeof subjects. Adapted to young geologists, advancedstudents, and teachers.THE ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNALEdited by GEORGE E. Hale. Published monthly, except in February and August, with illustrations. Subscription price,in the United States, $4.00 a year; foreign, $4.50; singlecopies, 50 cents.An international review of spectroscopy and astronomical physics. Invaluable to all who are interestedin astronomy and astrophysics.THE JOURNAL OF POLITICAL ECON-OMY Edited by J. Laurence Laughlin. Publishedquarterly. Subscription price, in the United States, $3.00 ayear; foreign, $3.40; single copies, 75 cents.This publication promotes the scientific treatmentof problems in practical economics, and also containscontributions on topics of theoretical and speculativeinterest.THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF THE-OLOGY Edited by the Divinity Faculty of the University of Chicago. Published quarterly. Subscription price,in the United States, $3.00 a year;' foreign, $3.50; singlecopies, 75 cents.The only journal in the world so catholic in its scopeas to cover the entire field of modern investigation andresearch in all the different lines of theological thoughtrepresented by special fields and particular schools.THE ELEMENTARY SCHOOL TEACHERAND THE COURSE OF STUDYEdited by Francis W. Parker. Published monthly except inAugust and September. Subscription price, in the UnitedStates, #1.50 a year; foreign, $2.00; single copies, 20 cents.A monthly periodical for teachers and parents. Eachnumber contains practical plans for teaching in everygrade from the kindergarten through the high andpedagogic schools.THE UNIVERSITY RECORDEdited by the Recorder of the University. Published weekly onFridays at 3:00 P. M. Yearly subscription, $1.00; singlecopies, 5 cents.The University Record is the official weekly publication of the University of Chicago. A special monthlynumber, enlarged in size, is issued each month.SAMPLE COPIES FREE ON REQUESTCHICAGO PRESS, CHICAGO, ILL.SO ME I MPO R TAN TBOOKS ON EDUCATIONThe School and Society. By John Dewey. (Third edition.) Supplementedby a statement of the University Elementary School. 130 pp., i2mo, cloth.$1.00.The Prospects of the Small College. By President William R. Harper.50 pp., i2mo, paper. Net, $0.25.Report of the Educational Commission of the City of Chicago. Thecommission was appointed by Hon. Carter H. Harrison, January 19,1898, and the report is edited by President William R. Harper. (Second edition.) 250 pp., royal 8vo, paper. Net, $1.00.The Education of Business-Men. A View of the Organization and Coursesof Study in Commercial High Schools of Europe. By Edmund J. James.232 pp., 8vo, paper. Net, $0.50.The Philosophy of the Humanities. By Thomas Fitz-Hugh. 63 pp.,royal 8vo, paper. Net, $0.50.FOR SALE BY BOOKDEALERS OR BY THE PUBLISHERSTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO PRESS, Chicago, IllinoisSOME PUBLICATIONS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO ONPolitical Science and Political EconomyECONOMIC STUDIES OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO:No. 1. The Science of Finance. An Authorized Translation of GUSTAV Cohn'sFinanzwissenschaft. By T. B. VEBLEN. 800 pp., royal 8vo, cloth. $3.50.No. 2. A History of the Union Pacific Railway. By Henry Kirke White.132 pp., royal 8vo, cloth. $1.50.No. 3. The Indian Silver Currency. By Karl Ellstaetter. Translated fromthe German by J. Laurence Laughlin. 132 pp., royal 8vo, cloth. $1.25.No. 4. State Aid to Railways in Missouri. By John W. Million, A.M. 264pp., royal 8vo, cloth. $1.75.No. 5. A History of the Latin Monetary Union. By Henry Parker Willis.342 pp., royal 8 vo, cloth. $2.00.THE CHARTERS OF THE CITY OF CHICAGO. Edited by Edmund J.James :Part I. The Early Charters, 1833-7. 76 PP-» roval 8vo, paper. Net, $0.50.Part II. The City Charters, 1838-51. in pp., royal 8vo, paper. Net, $0.50.Part III. In preparation.The Constitution of the Argentine Republic and the Constitution of the United Statesof Brazil. By Elizabeth Wallace. 95 pp., royal 8vo, paper. Net, $0.50.The Legal Nature of Corporations. By Ernst Freund. 83 pp., royal 8vo, paper.Net, $0.50.FOR SALE BY BOOKDEALERS OR BY THE PUBLISHERSTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO PRESS, Chicago, 111.AccuracySkillQuality These are thefactors to which weattribute ourPharmaceuticalSuccessJ. J. GILLRosalie Pharmacy 274 E. 57th St.Exceptional OpportunityFor young gentleman to invest $25,000 to $50,000 in businessestablished fifty years, dealing with best society and offeringabsolute security with pleasant occupation and congenialsurroundings. Good salary and share profits. Strictest Investigation solicited. S. C, P. O. Box 672, New York CityGolf and Tennis Suppliesat the University Book StoreCOBB LECTURE HALL A NEW BOOK FOR BIBLE STUDENTSCONSTRUCTIVE STUDIES IN THELIFE OF CHRISTBy Ernest D. Burton and Shailer MathewsProfessors in the University of ChicagoTHE ORDER OP TREATMENTis that of the Stevens and Burton " Harmony of the Gospels," and the book constitutes a compendious commentaryon the Gospels as thus arranged.THE METHOD OF TREATMENTis interpretative and historical. The most important political and social features of New Testament times are described,and the endeavor is made to present the events of the Gospelhistory in a true, historical perspective.THE PURPOSE OF THE BOOKis expressed in its title ; it aims to guide the student in theconstruction for himself of a Life of Christ, derived directlyfrom the sources as they exist in the New Testament.THE PLAN OF STUDYis to present the best attained results of biblical scholarship, employing the best modern pedagogical methods.The studies contain : (1) an analysis of the Gospel narrative; (2) concise notes of information on matters aboutwhich accurate knowledge is not easily obtained ; (3) briefinterpretation of difficult passages; (4) geographical andchronological explanations ; (5) specific directions for study,and for the construction of a short Life of Christ by thestudent himself; (6) questions which lead the student intoan understanding of the Gospel history.The book contains a beautiful and accurate map ofPalestine and numerous illustrations.302 pages*. 8vo, cloth, $1.00For sale bybookdealers, or sent postpaid on receipt of priceby the publishersThe University of Chicago PressCHICAGO, ILL.Methods in Plant HistologyBY CHARLES J. CHAMBERLAIN, A.M., Ph.D.Instructor in Botany in the University of ChicagoNOW READY ILLUSTRATED* PRICE $L50, NETThis book contains directions for collecting and preparing plant material formicroscopic investigation. It is based upon a course in botanical microtechnique and is the first complete manual to be .published on this subject.It is the result of several years' work with classes in "residence at the University of Chicago and with University Extension classes away from the University. It aims, therefore, to meet the requirements not only of the studentwho has the assistance of an instructor in a fully equipped laboratory, but,also, the student who must work by himself and with limited apparatus. Freehand sectioning, the paraffin method, the collodion method, and the glycerinemethod are treated in considerable detail. In later chapters specific directionsare given for making such preparations as are needed by those who wish tostudy the plant kingdom from the Algae up to the flowering plants. Specialattention is paid to the staining of karyokinetic figures, because the studentwho masters this problem will find little difficulty in differentiating otherstructures. Formulas are given for the reagents commonly used in the Histological Laboratory.For Sale by Dealers, or by the PublishersTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO PRESS, CHICAGO, ILL.CHICAGO POLICLINICA Clinical School for Graduates in Medicine and SurgeryFACULTYipinnri i 'onr #' i Weller Van Hook, M.D.A. E. Halstead, M.D.SURGERYChristian Fenger, M.D. Nicholas Senn, M.D.Malcolm L. Harris, M.D.Edwin M. Smith, M.D.J. Frank, M.D.GYNECOLOGYFernand Henrotin, M.D. Henry Banga, M.D.Chas. E. Manierre, M.D. Henry P. Newman, M.D,A. Belcham Keyes, M.D.OPHTHALMOLOGYJ. Elliott Colburn, M.D. Ferd C. Hotz, M.D.W. H. Wilder, M.D. Frank Allport, M.D.G. W. Mahoney, M.D.LARYNGOLOGY AND RHINOLOGYMoreau R. Brown, M.D. E. F. Ingals, M.D.E. T. Dickerman, M.D. O. T. Freer, M.D.C. M. Robertson, M.D.ORTHOPEDIC SURGERYA. B. Hosmer, M.D.PATHOLOGY AND BACTERIOLOGYMaximilian Herzog, M.D.RECTAL SURGERYJ. R. Pennington, M.D.GENERAL MEDICINE AND FHYSICAL DIAGNOSISJohn H. Chew, M.D. J. M. Patton, M.D.Otto L. Schmidt, M.D. Henry Baird Favill, M.D.John Fisher, M.D. Rob't B. Preble, M.D.DISEASES STOMACH AND LIVERGustav Fiitterer, M.D. J. W. O'Neill, M.D.SKIN AND VENEREAL DISEASESRobert D. MacArthur, M.D. H. G. Anthony, M.D.Ralph R. Campbell, M.D.GENITO-URINARY DISEASESW. T. Belfield, M.D.DISEASES OF CHILDRENW. S. Christopher, M.D. J. P. Houston, M.D.W. W. Quinlan, M.D.NEUROLOGYHugh T. Patrick, M.D. J. C. Gill, M.D.S. J. Walker, M.D.OBSTRETICSHenry Hooper, M.D. C. S. Bacon, M.D.OTOLOGYGeo. F. Fiske, M.D. Alfred M. Hall, M.D.Norval H. Pierce, M.D.Courses are conducted throughout the year, and with the largest clinics in the city at ourcommand can give the Practitioner unequaled facilities for good practical work under the verybest instruction. Special advantages offered to those wishing Laboratory courses, Practical Anatomy or Operative Surgery on Cadaver. For announcement and complete information regardingthis and other courses, addressOur Summer Term runs from Malcolm L. Harris, M.D., SecretaryJune 1st to September ist 176 East Chicago Avenue, Chicago, Illinois"BEVERLY FARM"HOME AND SCHOOL FOR NERVOUSAND BACKWARD CHILDRENSpecial training for a limited number. Eighteen years' experience atElwyn, Pa., and Lincoln, 111., state institutions; home influences;children of any age accepted, although the younger present better opportunities for development ; a permanent home provided for a few suitablecases; separate cottage for boys; 20 rooms; 130 acres; delightfullylocated ; one hour from St. Louis via Chicago & Alton through serviceto Chicago, Kansas City, etc.; can accept a few mild cases of epilepsy;references given and required. Address all communications toW. H. C. SMITH, M.D., Supt.,Godfrey, Madison County, 111.AccuracySkillQuality These are thefactors to which weattribute ourPharmaceuticalSuccessJ. J. GILLRosalie Pharmacy 274 E. 57th St. Your StationeryBEAR IN MINDthe fact that the most convenientplace to purchase the materials foryour correspondence is at the University Book Store, in Cobb HallAn Excellent Line of Whiting'sStandard Fine Writing Papersin all the latest styles, kept regularly in stock, both inboxes and by the quireWhiting's Number One Quality andStandard Linenare especially recommended for your inspectionA large assortment of U. of C. MonogramEmbossed PaperPads of all sizesORDERS TAKEN FOR FINE ENGRAVEDCALLING CARDS AT REASONABLE PRICESThe University Book StoreCOBB HALLSOME IMPORTANTBOOKS ON EDUCATIONThe School and Society. By John Dewey. (Third edition.) Supplementedby a statement of the University Elementary School. 130 pp., i2mo, cloth.$1.00.The Prospects of the Small College. By President William R. Harper.50 pp., i2mo, paper. Net, $0.25.Report of the Educational Commission of the City of Chicago. Thecommission was appointed by Hon. Carter H. Harrison, January 19,1898, and the report is edited by President William R.Harper. (Second edition.) 250 pp., royal 8vo, paper. Net, $1.00.The Education of Business-Men. A View of the Organization and Coursesof Study in Commercial High Schools of Europe. By Edmund J. James.232 pp., 8vo, paper. Net, $0.50.The Philosophy of the Humanities. By Thomas Fitz-Hugh. 63 pp.,royal 8vo, paper. Net, $0.50.FOR SALE BY BOOKDEALERS OR BY THE PUBLISHERSTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO PRESS, Chicago, IllinoisThe university of Chicago press Book StoreCOBB LECTURE HALLNew and Important Books in StockChamberlain — Methods in Plant Histology net $1.50Loeb — Comparative Physiology of the Brain and Comparative Psychology.... 1.75Moulton — Short Introduction to the Literature of the Bible 1.00Moody — The Masque of Judgment 1.50Sparks — The Men Who Made the Nation 2.00" The Expansion of the American People 2.00Mathews — The French Revolution 1.25Willis — A History of the Latin Monetary Union 2.00Burton and Mathews — Constructive Studies in the Life of Christ 1.00Henderson — Dependent, Defective and Delinquent Classes. Second Edition ..net 1.50Dewey — The School and Society. Third Edition . . . * 1.00All books subject to the usual discountsA COMPLETE LINE OFTYPEWRITER SUPPLIES, FANCY STATIONERY, FOUNTAIN PENS, ETC.SPECIAL ORDERS TAKEN FOR ENGRAVING, AND FOR BLANK BOOKSA FULL LINE OF GOLF AND TENNIS BALLS HAS BEEN RECENTLY ADDED TO THE STOCKThe Book Store, Cobb Lecture HallEstablished 1874W. T. KEENER & CO.fledical Booksellers and Importers90 Wabash Ave. Chicago, 111.Every style of Folding Camera shows its highest development inA BULLARD CAMERANo matter what kind you want, Bui lard has it with improvements andconveniences no other make supplies, together with several new stylesFitted with special lenses of high efficiency The product of expert designing backed by unlimited facilities. All areNEW THIS SEASONSend for Catalogue No. IO, showing Folding, Cycle-folding,Long-focus, Magazine-folding, Magazine-fixed-focus, Magazine withground-glass and plate-holder arrangement — 35 Styles — the first complete line ever offered. 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