Obe IDiniverstt^ of ChicagoPrice $J*00 founded by john d. rockefeller Single CopiesPer Year 5 CentsUniversity RecordPUBLISHED BY AUTHORITYCHICAGOGbe IHniverstts of Gbicaso pressVOL IV, NO. 44 PUBLISHED EVERY FRIDAY AT 3:00 P.M. FEBRUARY 2, 1900Entered in the post office Chicago, Illinois, as second-class matterCONTENTS.I. The University Congregation. The Eighteenth Meeting, January 3, 1900 - - 301-304II. Calendar 304THE UNIVERSITY CONGREGATION.THE EIGHTEENTH MEETING, JANUARY 3, 1900.At the eighteenth meeting of the UniversityCongregation held January 3, 1900, there wereforty-nine members present. In the absence ofthe chaplain Dean Hulbert offered the prayer.The following new members signed the roll : D.W. Hulburt, Adolph.Bernhard, J. M. P. Smith,Josephine C. Robertson. Vice President Tarbellextended formal welcome to the new members onbehalf of the Congregation.The Executive Committee of the Congregationamong other communications presented the following resolutions for future discussion :1. That the present increasing interest in athletics in the University is undesirable.2. That drawing should be included amongsubjects accepted for entrance to the University,and for credit toward bachelors' degrees.3. That the degree of A.B. should be grantedfor all undergraduate courses, whether they include Latin and Greek or not.The Committee also recommended the following new form of the resolution concerning music : " That it is desirable for the University to establish courses in the theory and practice ofmusic, and to give credit for such courses towardBachelor's degrees."The first item of business being the report ofthe committee appointed at the sixteenth meetingto investigate the financial element involved inthe settlement of the question, whether "to require University service of Fellows is unsatisfactory," the chairman, Mr. Abbott, presented thefollowing report :The committee appointed to ascertain the money value ofthe service which Fellows render to the University, begleave to submit the following report :The members of the committee understand that they wereinstructed to collect information on the financial side of thequestion only. They have therefore confined themselves inthis report to a statement of the facts bearing on this point.There are this year 81 Fellows, and they are all expectedto devote two hours per day to University service. If thisexpectation is realized, the University receives serviceamounting to 162 hours per day, or 35,000 hours per year of36 weeks. The remuneration per hour for student serviceis 20 cents, so that by this method of calculation the workdone for the University by Fellows has a money value ofabout $7000.An examination in detail, however, of the service whichFellows have actually rendered to the University during thepast year, would seem to indicate that this estimate is fartoo large. Fellows are employed by the University mainlyin reading proofs for the journals, in reading themes, in thedepartmental libraries, in the laboratories, and in teaching,and your committee has obtained as much information aspossible from the several departments on the financial sideof these five forms of service.In so far as the journals are concerned, a large part ofthe work is helpful to the students and is done willingly.In fact, if they were excused from this duty they wouldprobably offer their services in most cases.302 UNIVERSITY RECORDIn the English department the Fellows render assistancein reading themes. The work has been well done, and thefellows are glad to get the experience which the opportunityoffers them.The committee find that very little instruction is given inthe class room by Fellows. During the year ending July I,1899, five Majors were conducted by them. The value ofthis service may be estimated at about $500.As for the departmental libraries, there are twenty-threeFellows at present engaged in this work, and each of themis expected to devote to it about six hours per week. Service of this sort, therefore, should amount to about 6000hours per year, and if it is reckoned at 20 cents per hour,would represent a money value of $1200. The committeehave been informed, however, at t^he General Library thatthe time which Fellows actually give to departmental libraryservice is probably not more than one fourth or one half ofthat nominally rendered. If we accept the higher estimate,the money value of the service which Fellows are actuallyrendering in the departmental libraries would be about $600per year. The committee have made somewhat carefulinquiry with reference to the efficiency of Fellows whencompared with students who are rendering service to theUniversity to meet their tuition fees, and although they finda diversity of opinion on the subject, the majority of thosewho have been consulted think that the routine work isbetter done by those who are not Fellows, while Fellowsrender more satisfactory work in cataloguing books and inassisting students. In this connection, the congregationmay be interested in hearing some information which thecommittee has obtained bearing on a plan which may seemdesirable in case the University wishes to release Fellowsfrom library service. The librarian is at present conductinga class in Library Science at the Teachers' College, and weare informed that one or more trained librarians could behad from this class who, with the assistance of service students, could do the work now done by Fellows at an estimated cost of $800 or $900. The more difficult work wouldbe in charge of the expert, and the manual labor would beperformed by students who are in this way meeting theirtuition fees.The committee regard it as impossible to state in termsof dollars and cents the value of the service rendered byFellows in the laboratories. Certain general facts may,however, be of interest to the Congregation.The committee find that the work of a laboratory assistantis mainly that of an assistant instructor, and can be donesatisfactorily only by one who has already passed througha similar course of work. It can be done best by a regularlyemployed instructor or assistant, and such a person wouldbe preferred in each department offering laboratory courses.In some cases graduates wTith the degree of Doctor ofPhilosophy can be employed as laboratory assistants at amoderate salary, but the frequent change of assistants whichwould probably result from the adoption of this plan isconsidered undesirable. In the absence of assistants ofeither of the two classes just mentioned, a Fellow who hastaken a laboratory course, can be employed to more or lessadvantage according to the individual case.The results of our investigation with reference to the fiveforms of service rendered by students may be summarizedas follows :1) If Fellows are formally released from any obligation towork on the journals, in almost all cases they will offer theirservices voluntarily. 2) The same statement may be made with reference tothe reading of themes.3) The class-room instruction given by Fellows duringthe past year would have probably cost the Universityabout $500.4) A trained librarian with student assistants to take theplace of the Fellows could probably be had for about $800or $900.5) Those who have charge of the laboratories think thatthe best assistants are regularly employed instructors whohave the requisite experience. Such assistants can probably be employed at $500 or $600 a year. However, Fellows, who have been trained here, render very acceptableservice in many cases.On motion the report was accepted and placedon file.The Congregation then took up the originalproposition, namely, that to require Universityservice of Fellows is unsatisfactory. Various suggestions were made such as, for example, 1) thatthe Congregation recommend that it be left toeach department to decide whether service berequired of Fellows in that department, or 2) thatthe requiring of service from Fellows be abolished.By some the problem was felt to be primarily oneof library service.Following are some of the points urged bydifferent speakers :Mr. W. R. Harper called attention to the factthat a principle is here involved, and that just atthe present time Divinity Schools are agitatingthe question of giving no financial aid, except forequivalent service. He urged that very full consideration be given to the question whether theprinciple of loan, or gift, or compensation shouldprevail, and remarked that there would be confusion in administration if the departments decided the matter independently of each other.Mr. Mead urged that there should be a changein the matter of requiring library service. Mr.Judson maintained that no radical change shouldbe made at present, that less and less teaching isbeing required of Fellows, that the libraries arenot yet finally organized, and that it would notbe well to attempt any great change from presentusage until the University is ready to adopt adefinite system. Mrs. Dixson stated that the principal difficulty in using the services of Fellows inthe library is that changes in personnel are sofrequent that the same elementary principles haveconstantly to be taught over again to a new setof assistants. Mr. Hulbert declared that some ofUNIVERSITY RECORD 303the Fellows have reason to complain of being required to do mere library hack-work. Mr. Manlystated that the work done by the Fellows of theEnglish department in reading themes and inlibrary service was, in general, satisfactory to thedepartment and valuable to the Fellows.The following motion was offered by Mr.Abbott :"That the Congregation petition the Board ofTrustees to appropriate a sufficient sum of moneyto meet the expense of employing an expertcataloguer, and that the departmental library advisers be requested to enforce the regulations ofthe University with respect to the requirement ofservice from Fellows."The motion was divided ; the first part wasadopted, the second part after amendment wasadopted in the following form : " That the Deansof the Divinity and Graduate Faculties be requested to enforce the regulations of the University with reference to the service of Fellows in thelibraries and laboratories." It was then votedthat a committee be appointed to consider thequestion whether service should be required ofUniversity Fellows, the kind of service that shouldbe required, and the regulations under whichsuch service should be performed.On motion the Congregation then proceededto the special order of the day, viz., the proposition that the adoption by the Board of the University Press for use in the official publications andjournals of the University of the list of words withchanged spelling accepted by the National Educational Association be approved.Remarks were made by several members of theCongregation as follows :Mr. Thurber made a statement to the effectthat the University Press in publishing the Reportof the National Educational Association, published a greater amount of matter with the changedspelling proposed than any other house. In support of the proposition Mr. Chamberlin urgedthat the objection to it is based on prejudicewhich has been instilled into people's minds byearly education, and that the present unreasonable method of spelling is harmful to the mentalprocesses of those who are taught it. Mr. Tolman declared that the proposed changes are rapidlywinning recognition through the columns ofreputable newspapers and must inevitably cometo be generally accepted, and that in adoptingthe proposition the University would merely berecognizing a change which is actually takingplace. He objected, however, to one word inthe list, the word " thru," as being itself abnormaland misleading. Mr. Judson would welcome thechange as a beginning of a reform which mustproceed a step at a time. Mr. Small suggestedthat as all concede the desirability of improvedspelling, and as all are agreed that adoption of aperfectly consistent system is impracticable, thealternatives are to do nothing or to take sucheasy steps in the right direction as are possible.It was simply a question of the extent to whichthe present generation of scholars would be willing to sacrifice their sentiment in the matter, bychanging a custom for the benefit of the nextgeneration. Against the proposition Mr. R. F.Harper maintained that it did not approach thesubject in the right way and was dealing with afew words instead of a principle, and that it wouldbe better to make no change until a more thoroughgoing change could be made. Mr. Manlyurged that change in the spelling of the wordsunder consideration would have no appreciableeffect upon the language, that it would be practically impossible at present to introduce suchchanges in the spelling of the English Languageas would secure uniformity and simplicity, and thatthe examples of spelling reforms adopted in othermodern languages have little bearing on thisquestion, because in those cases it was possible toarrive at practical uniformity of system by theadoption of a few principles, while the reform ofthe spelling of English would involve the adoption of many new principles and many greatchanges. Mr. Capps contended that in adoptingthe changed spelling the University would betaking the lead in a set of changes upon whichfew if any reputable and dignified institutions andpublishing houses have yet ventured.The resolution having been put to vote wasthereupon adopted.** The changes in spelling contemplated by the resolutionare as follows : Program — (programme) ; tho — (though) ;— altho (although) ; thoro — (thorough) ; thorofare — (thoroughfare) ; thru— (through) ; thruout— (throughout) ; catalog¦ — (catalogue); prolog — -(prologue); decalog — (decalogue);demagog — (demagogue) ; pedagog — (pedagogue).304 UNIVERSITY RECORDThe Congregation then proceeded to the election of a vice president for the ^ensuing quarter.On motion the Recorder was instructed to castthe ballot of the Congregation for Mr. CharlesChandler, and Mr. Chandler was accordingly declared elected vice president.All other matters of business were postponedto an adjourned meeting to be held Friday, January 26, 1900, at 4:00 p.m. The Congregationthereupon adjourned to that date. The benediction was pronounced by Dean Hulbert.THE CALENDAR.FEBRUARY 2-10, 1900.Friday, February 2.Chapel-Assembly : The Divinity School. Chapel,Cobb Lecture Hall, 10: 30 a.m.Mathematical Club meets in Room 35, RyersonPhysical Laboratory, at 4:00 p.m.Professor E. H. Moore reads on " The generationaldetermination of the binary and the ternary groupsof linear fractional substitutions of determinant 1(with coefficients, constants, or marks of the GaloisField of order pn)." Notes : " On Cremona Transformations, IV," by Dr. Slaught ; " The NebularHypothesis, II ; Critical," by Dr. Moulton.Saturday, Februarys.Meetings of University Ruling Bodies in HaskellOriental Museum :The Administrative Board of Physical Culture and Athletics, 8:30 a.m.The Faculty of the Junior Colleges, 10:00a.m.The University Senate, 11: 30 a.m.Sunday, February 4.Vesper Service will be held in Kent Theaterat 4:00 p.m.Professor Judson speaks on " Hugh of Lincoln."Monday, February 5.Chapel- Assembly: The Junior Colleges. Chapel,Cobb Lecture Hall, 10:30 a.m. Tuesday, February 6.Chapel-Assembly : The Senior Colleges. ChapelCobb Lecture Hall, 10:30 a.m.Botanical Club meets in Room 23, BotanyBuilding, at 5:00 p.m.Miss Snow will review Nabokich on " The Functionof Aerial Roots."Dr. Charles J. Chamberlain will present researches onthe life history of Gnetum.Public Address: Chapel, Cobb Lecture Hall,at 4:00 p.m.Mrs. Ellen M. Henrotin, President of the IllinoisConsumers' League; will address the students of theUniversity under the auspices of the Sociology Club.Subject : " The Consumers' League and the SweatingSystem in Chicago."Wednesday, February 7.Pedagogical Club meets in Haskell AssemblyRoom at 7:30 p.m."The Method of the Recitation," by Mr. D. A. Tear-"University Extension in Rural Communities," byMiss A. A. Harmon. General discussion led by Professor R. G. Moulton.Thursday, February 8.Chapel-Assembly: The Graduate Schools. Chapel,Cobb Lecture Hall, 10:30 a.m.Bacteriological Club meets in Room 40, Zoological Laboratory, at 5:00 p.m.Assistant Professor Jordan: "An Epidemic ofTyphoid Fever due to Infected Milk."Friday, February 9.Chapel- Assembly : The Divinity School. Chapel,Cobb Lecture Hall, 10:30 a.m.Graduate Club holds its annual reception atNancy Foster Hall at 8:00 p.m.Invitations have been issued to the members of theFaculty giving graduate work and to friends of themembers of the club.Saturday, February 10.Meetings of University Ruling Bodies in HaskellOriental Museum :The Administrative Board of University Affiliations, 8 : 30 a.m.The Faculty of the Senior Colleges, 1.0:00A.M.Material for the CALEHSTDAK must be sent to the Office of Information by THUESDAY, 8:30 A.M.,in order to be published in the issue of the same week.