Gbe Tilnit>eretts of CblcaaoPrice $J.OO founded by john d. rockefeller Single CopiesPer Year 5 CentsUniversity RecordPUBLISHED BY AUTHORITYCHICAGOGbe TUntversftB of Cbicago preseVOL III, NO. 22. PUBLISHED EVERY FRIDAY AT 3:00 P.M. AUGUST 26, 1898.Entered in the post office Chicago, Illinois, as second-class matter.CONTENTS.I. A Moral Life a Work of Art. By Associate Professor W. D. MacClintock 131-133II. Official Notices - - 133III. Special Announcements for the Summer Quarter 133IV. Pianoforte Becital 133V. Recent Numbers of University|Periodicals - - 133-134VI. Current Events 134VII. The Calendar ........ 134A Moral Life a Work of Art.*BY ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR W. D. MACCLINTOCK.** Ye therefore shall be perfect, asyour heavenly Father is perfect.""Every one when he is perfectedshall be as his Teacher."I.Is it in mockery of human nature that its Mastersaid it should be "perfect" even as its creatingFather ? Is it possible that the earthly disciple whenhe is perfected shall indeed be as his divine Teacher ?Is dusty -footed common sense wrong when she saysthat such statements are merely free ways of exaggerated speech, saying that men should simply strivedaily to be better than they are ? But the Master'steaching seems well-considered and consistent. Ithas fascinated and developed the aspiring minds of therace. Deeply examined, it is found difficult but notirrational and daily fulfils itself in the higher levelsof life.?An address delivered at the Vesper Service in Kent Theater,Sunday, July 31, 1898,4 :00 p.m. Now, the only earthly things with which men familiarly associate ideas of perfection are works of art.Whatever mistakes and limitations are there, thedream of perfection is the sunlight of the world ofartistic creation.The design of this address is to trace in some detailthe working in the moral life of some principles usually called artistic ; to give a view of the harmony andbalance of instincts, duties and compulsions whichgradually become a body of instinctive happy motives,passing into beautiful deeds.Knowledge— the slowly accumulating body of observation and reasoning — is not perfect until it hasbecome unconscious, a means to a further end, a toolthat is mastered, an attainment that is passing into apoint of view. The proverbs of the world have therefore separated knowledge from wisdom and haveclaimed that the latter is the end and fine fruit of theformer. In like manner the wisdom of conduct risesout of and above the knowledge of its laws, perfectingitself in becoming an unconscious attitude of mindand body of impulses.I do not for my present purpose ask the ultimatesource of moral ideals or the ways in which they taketheir place among the other mental elements. Theyare like the microbes of the air, innumerable, omnipresent, and ready to enter and live in any susceptibleorganism. Not their existence, but the behavior ofour minds in contact with them, is the matter forwonder and solicitude.The beauteous show of color in earth and sky fallsbenignantly upon all eyes — splendidly flashing from132 UNIVERSITY RECORDsunset or high noon ; or quietly looking up from plain,common surfaces. No spot of earth or point of timebut God's most feeling expression of himself in coloris to be seen. But, alas, many eyes do not see, or they" see, not feel, how beautiful it is." It is the artistonly who has become aware of his eye and through itorganizes his world into beautiful objects.The moral soul likewise must be aroused to createa beautiful world out of its elements and surroundings, to cease its lifeless receptivity, to realize that itrequires joy and determination to see, much more tocreate a holy deed. My study then is of that phase ofmoral development in which we cease to think ofprohibitions, duties, and penalties, and live instinctively, spontaneously, for the joy in the individualdeed before us, for its intrinsic value, and with thepassion and the determination of an artist.A perfectly dutiful child is not one who merelyobeys the authoritative, external will of his father, butone who understands the principle of the family life,who enters into it as his own, and who runs forwardto meet the work or sacrifice as spontaneously as ifhe had planned it. He keeps the law without thinking of it as law. If he has been delicately and justlyreared, he will obey an intelligible command even ifhe does not understand it or thinks it, unwise. Butprevailingly he conducts his life — to use the discriminating thought of St. John — not by keeping hisfather's commands, but by doing the things that arepleasing in his sight.A beautiful state of mind or a beautiful act has thesame element of spontaneity, of joy in the effort made,of absence of a feeling of restraint, and, as the souldevelops delicately, an increasing sense of the beautyof holiness. It is the scientist, not the stars, who isaware of the laws that make them keep their measured places.A likeness to the perfected and artistic moral lifemay be found in the intercourse of a company of cultivated friends. In such an atmosphere there is amarvelous exhibition of the harmony and activegrace of delicate social laws. The conversation israpid, brilliant, free, flexible. There is no spirit ofself-seeking, politics, or trade. See what liveliness ofcriticism, of repartee, of objection, without ever aninsult or even a condescension. See how clearly andquickly men understand the limits of difference, andobjection, and personal prejudice. With what skillthe talk avoids unhappy topics and essential prejudices, and extricates itself with good sense and gracefrom even the appearance of ugliness or a quarrel.This poised, flower like, artistic flow of intercourse isthe normal fruit of advanced social experience. It is so in the artistry of conduct. The experiencedlover of good knows how to control himself, to yield,to serve, to praise and blame— knows as by a principle of beauty rather than by one of laws and fears.One's forbearance and tolerance have no element ofcondescension or effort : they spring from that activeunderstanding of the differences of minds and varietyof motives, of the power of circumstances, which isthe gift of long culture and many sympathies withlegitimately various points of view. One's patience isno longer the dumb, dull bearing of mere submission,but the trained apprehension of the reasons of thingsand the methods of life, the self-control, the poisedand balanced energies too well under mastery everto be surprised into anger, hasty words, or unreasonedactions.This is the teaching that pervades Wordsworth's" Ode to Duty," which while it reminds us that themoral world is one which has law and duty as itsfoundation and its support in time of ultimate trial,yet teaches us that it were well if we acted as gladsouls who do their duty and know it not, and whorealize thatu Love is an unerring lightAnd joy its own security."Many teachers beside Ruskin have maintained thatthe eager study of art should produce a like enthusiasm for beautiful conduct ; a passion not for contemplation only, but for perfect personal actions.The advancing moral life then is not a set of instinctive reactions upon conditions and circumstancesaccidentally surrounding the soul. These may beinteresting to the physiologist and psychologist asfeatures of a life merely natural. But from theethical and religious point of view into this naturallife has entered a new element — an ideal, a consciousness of self, and the principle of purpose and determination. The play of life has ceased to be the irrational activity of surplus energies obeying naturalphysical laws, and has become that ordered play wecall art. The moral life has no new materials to workWith, but must take those old ones of the natural life— instincts, consciousness, utilities, conclusions fromunhappy experience, and the wisdoms of predetermining heredity. But it has a new element in itstheory of selection and combination. Instead ofdrifting, it proposes to organize ; its imagination hasseen a beautiful ideal and worthy end. The mere manwho would have drifted through life absolutely subject to the natural laws of his temperament and circumstances has become free by becoming an artist.The vision I bring before you is opposed to the philosophy that regards a life as a long series of obedi-UNIVERSITY RECORD 133ences to another's will, and struggles without realattainment. In this dream work, struggle, fighting,weariness with ugly or stubborn material are meansto an attainable end ; futility and delusion are notthe normal lot of man ; joy in the good deeds we doand the attainment of skill are absolutely satisfyingexperiences. Some such dream and plan must growfrom Jesus' lofty appeal : "Ye therefore shall be perfect, as your heavenly Father is perfect."{To be continued.)Official Notices.Official copies of the University Record for theuse of students may be found in the corridors andhalls of the various buildings in the University quadrangles. Students are requested to make themselvesacquainted with the official actions and notices of theUniversity, as published from week to week in theUniversity Record.The Final Examination of William Harris for theDegree of A.M. will be held Wednesday, August 31,1898, at 2: 00 p.m., in Room 15, Haskell Museum. Principal subject, Church History; secondary subject,Comparative Religion. Thesis : " The Philosophy ofReligious Reformation and Revival." Committee :Head Professor Hulbert, Professors Goodspeed andMathews, Associate Professor Moncrief, Dr. Votaw,and all other instructors of the departments immediately concerned.Special Announcements for the Summer Quarter.GENERAL LECTURES.Throughout the Quarter there is given a series ofgeneral lectures by speakers representing the differentdepartments of University work. These lectureswill be given in most cases at 4 : 00 p.m. The roomsand subjects for each week will be published in theUniversity Record of the precedingweek and postedon the bulletin boards.Professor John Henry Barrows is giving a seriesof six lectures on " The Christian Conquest of Asia."— Observations and studies of religion in the Orient(The "Haskell Lectures" for 1898). These are theremaining lectures with dates :4. Some difficulties of the Hindu Mind in acceptingChristianity. Sunday, August 28.5. Christianity and Buddhism in Asia. Tuesday, August 30.6. Confucianism and the Awakening of China.Thursday, September 1.No credit is given for this course. Pianoforte RecitalKENT THEATER, WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 31, 6:00 P.M.PROGRAMME.1. Preludium, Toccato and Sarabande - - - Hyllested(From suite in old style)2. a) Scherzo in 2?-flat minor, op. 31 \b) Nocturne, D-flat major, op. 27 > Chopinc) Valso brilliante, ,4-flat major, op. 31 )3. Rhapsodie No. 2 ....... LisztAs played by Mb. Hyllested with Liszt's personalsuggestions.KIMBALL PIANO USED.Recent Numbers of University Periodicals.The August number of the Astrophysical Journal (Vol. VIII, No. 2) contains these articles : "SomeObservations on Stellar Motions in the line of sightmade at the Emerson McMillin Observatory," by H.C. Lord ; " On the Series Spectra of Oxygen, Sulphur,and Selenium," by C. Runge and F. Paschen ; " Noteson the Concave Grating," by S. A. Mitchell. MinorContributions and Notes are : " The Hydrogen Atmosphere surrounding the Wolf -Ray et Star D. M. -f 30°36' 39", by James E. Keeler; "Note on ProfessorWilsing's Article on the Effect of Pressure on Wave-Length," by C. Godfrey ; " The November Meteors "and " Stars having Peculiar Spectra," by E. C. Pickering; "A Chromospheric Line near K," by L. E.Jewell ; etc.______The July-August issue of the Journal of Geologyopens with an article by the editor, Professor T. C.Chamberlin, on " The Ulterior Basis of Time-Divisionsand the Classification of Geologic History ; " M. S. W.Jefferson follows with an article on " The PostglacialConnecticut at Turners Falls, Mass. ; H. F. Reid continues his studies on " The Variations of Glaciers ; "C. H. Gordon publishes " Notes on the Kalamazooand other old Glacial Outlets in Southern Michigan ;H. W. Turner has " Notes on some Igneous, Metamor-phic, and Sedimentary rocks of the Coast Ranges ofCalifornia." E. C. Case in Studies for Studentsspeaks of " The Development and Geological Relationsof the Vertebrates " (Part II : Amphibia ; Part III :Reptilia). An Editorial; Summaries of CurrentNorth American Pre-Cambrian Literature, by C. K.Leith ; Reviews and a list of Recent Publicationsclose the number.The September number of the Biblical Worldbegins with an editorial survey of Israel's history,followed by an article on " The Apostles' Creed revisedby the teaching of Jesus," by George H. Gilbert.Professor Shailer Mathews has an illustrated article134 UNIVERSITY RECORDon " In Elijah's Country ; " R. Mackintosh discusses"The Third Commandment in the Old Testament."President Harper publishes the second installment of"The Utterances of Amos arranged strophically."President Tucker, of Dartmouth College, writes on" The Newer Education and the Ministry," and A. W.Ackerman interprets " The Purpose of Jonah's Mission to Nineveh." The Jerusalem Chamber is thendescribed. In the Minor Departments we have : Notesand Opinions ; Comparative Religion Notes ; Synopsesof Important Articles ; Work and Workers ; Exploration and Discovery ; several book reviews and literarynotes.Current Events.A Piano Recital was given in Kent Theater, August 24, at 5:00 p.m., by Misses Charlotte Tarrant(Harp) and Edith Adams {'Cello), accompanied by Mr.Harry L. Gideon..An article has just been published in Science, ofAugust 19, giving a summary of the Doctorates conferred hy American Universities for scientific research,with titles of theses. The list of institutions is headedby the University of Chicago, which conferred duringthe last academic year the degree of Doctor of Philosophy upon 36 candidates. Of these 36 candidates 12worked in the Humanities, 12 in History and Economics, and 12 in the sciences. The two universitiesranking next in the number of doctorates conferredare Yale (34) and the Johns Hopkins (33). " It is asign of progress that the Ph.D. degree causa honoriswas apparently not given last year by any importantinstitution. There are probably not as many as onethousand men of science in the United States engagedin original research, and the forces are consequentlygreatly strengthened by one hundred recruits — notincluding those from Germany and elsewhere — in asingle year."Calendar.august 26— september 2, 1898.Friday, August 26.Chapel- Assembly : Divinity School. — Chapel, CobbHall, 10:30 a.m.Public Lecture: "Social Movements in Germany,"by Professor Caspar Ren6 Gregory. Chapel, CobbHall, 4: 00 p.m.Material for the UNIVERSITY KBOORD mustorder to be published in the issue of the same week. Sunday, August 28.Vesper Service, Kent Theater, 4:00 p.m.Professor Barrows : " Some Difficulties of the Hindu Mindin accepting Christianity."Union meeting of the Y. M. C. A. and Y. W. C. A.,Chapel, Cobb Hall, 7 :00 p.m.Monday, August 29.Chapel-Assembly: Junior Colleges. — Chapel, CobbLecture Hall, 10:30 a.m. (required of Junior CollegeStudents).Tuesday, August 30.Chapel-Assembly: Senior Colleges. — Chapel, CobbHall, 10:30 a.m. (required of Senior College Students).Public Lecture: "Christianity and Buddhism inAsia," by Professor Barrows, Kent Theater, 4: GO p.m.Wednesday, August 31.Final Examination of W. Harris, Haskell Museum,15, 2:00 p.m. (seep. 133).Piano Recital, Kent Theater, 5:00 p.m. (see p. 133).Prayer Meeting of the Y. M. C. A. and Y. W. C. A.,east steps, Haskell Museum, 7:00 p.m.Thursday, September 1.Graduate Assembly. — Chapel, Cobb Hall, 10:30 a.m.Public Lecture : " Confucianism and the Awakeningof China," by Professor Barrows, Kent Theater,4:00 p.m.Friday, September 2.Chapel -Assembly : Divinity School. — Chapel, CobbHall, 10:30 a.m.Mathematical Club meets in Ryerson Physical Laboratory, Room 36, 8:00 p.m.Assistant Professor Young: "Concerning some definitionsof Geometry."sent to the Becorder by THURSDAY, 8 : 30 A.M., in