Gbe ^University of CbtcagoPrice $J*00 founded by john d. rockefeller Single CopiesPer Year 5 CentsUniversity RecordPUBLISHED BY AUTHORITYCHICAGOXTbe XXniveveitv of Cbicafio pressVOL. I!, NO. 38. ~~~PUBLISHED EVERY FRIDAY AT 3:00 P.M. DECEMBER 17, 1897.Entered in the post office Chicago, Illinois, as second-class matter.CONTENTS.I. The University Elementary School - - - 303-305II. Programme of the Autumn Finals and theTwenty-First Convocation, Winter 1897-1898 305-306III. Official Notices - - - - - - - - 306IV. The Graduate Club -.--.---¦ 306V. The Calendar - - - 306The University Elementary School.GENERAL INFORMATION.The University Elementary School, conducted underthe auspices of the Pedagogical Department of theUniversity of Chicago, is located at 5701 Rosalie Court.It is close by the terminus of the Jackson Park divisionof the Cottage Grove cable line, and the 57th street station of the Illinois Central Railway. Its school hoursare from 9:00 a.m-12:00 m., and 1:15-2:15 p.m.Children up to the age of eight have a forenoon sessiononly. Provisions are made this year for receivingsixty children.The staff of teachers is as follows :Miss Georgia A. Bacon, Principal, and Director ofHistory.Miss Katharine B. Camp, Director of Science, andof Household Work.Mr. F. W. Smedley, Carpentry Work.Miss Katharine Andrews, Instructor in Science.Miss Althea Harmer, Instructor in Cooking andSewing.Miss Ida M. Furniss, Instructor in Gymnasium. Miss May Taylor, Instructor in Music.Miss Ashleman, Instructor in French.Mr.E. C. Moore, Dr. Moore, Miss Lucia Ray, MissAnna Camp, Miss Zuckerman, Assistants.The assistants are University students who give acertain portion of time to the school each day, varying from one-half hour to two hours.The carpenter shop is located in the basement. Theassembly room is at the north end of the first floor ;the library at the south end; the kitchen and library are at the north end ; the dining room at thesouth end and the sewing room in the center of thesecond floor ; the gymnasium is on the third floor.financial matters.The tuition fee is $60 per year for the older childrenand $45 per year for the younger, payable in threeinstallments at the opening of each quarter of twelveweeks, namely, October 1, January 1, and April 1 ofeach year. As there are many more applications foryounger children than can be accommodated, it isnecessary that applications should be made considerably in advance. On this account also it is impossibleto remit fees in case of withdrawal of children forany reason. No children will be admitted at anyquarter for whom any indebtedness for previous tuitionstill exists.The tuition fees pay somewhat less than one half ofthe running expenses of the school. As the schoolhas no endowment, it is consequently dependent uponvoluntary contributions from year to year to make304 UNIVERSITY RECORDup the deficit. As the tuition fees are relatively verylow, many of the parents have voluntarily expresseda willingness to make up something of the differencebetween that charged in this school and that of otherprivate schools. An endowment is much needed inorder to erect a suitable building and to guarantee thepermanence of the work.grading.In order that pupils may receive individual attention, each of the younger groups is limited to eightchildren ; after the age of twelve years it is expectedto increase this from twelve to fifteen, as circumstancesprove advisable. At present the children are arrangedin eight groups ; the youngest children being live andsix, the oldest eleven and twelve. The grading isflexible, the children being classified, not according totechnical attainments, but according to intellectualmaturity and capacity for work. Children in the samegroup do varying amounts of work along the samegeneral line, thus combining community of aim andmaterial with variety of individual execution. Children are advanced from one group to another wheneverthey show signs of requiring the stimulus of more difficult work. No examinations are held, nor marksgiven.THE PROGRAMME.The programme is arranged on the basis of providing a balance between active (manual training, gymnasium, cooking, sewing, etc.) and more strictly intellectual work. Each group has physical culture daily.Each group has field work, or visits some museum,gallery, etc., weekly. With the younger children theactive factor predominates ; and work in science, history, number, etc., is kept in strict connection withthe constructive activities of cooking, sewing, andcarpentering. Differentiation is gradually introducedas the children mature, till (as with Groups VI-VIIIat present) distinctively intellectual problems areintroduced. Books are neither made a fetich, norexcluded. Lessons specially prepared, records of workdone, etc., are printed for the smaller children ; andthis work will be carried much farther as soon as theschool has a printing-press — a great need at present.Books are used with older groups, not as set texts,but for reference, as convenient summaries and asguides to the matter under discussion. Owing tolimitation of funds, art work at present save in musicis scantily provided for. It is hoped that this willspeedily be remedied.moral aims.Genuine, as distinct from artificial, moral growth ismeasured by the extent to which children practically recognize in the school the same moral motives and relations that obtain outside. This can be secured onlywhen the school contains the social conditions, andpresents the flexible, informal relations that prevail ineveryday life. When school duties and responsibilitiesare of a sort found only in the school comparativelylittle aid is secured for the all-round, healthy develop.ment of character. When school conditions are sorigid and formal as not to parallel anything outsidethe school, external order and decorum may be secured,but there is no guarantee of right growth in directionsdemanded by the ordinary walks of life. When what isexpected of children is based on the requirements ofschool lessons and school order as laid down by textbook or teacher, not by work of positive value to thosedoing it, external habits of attention and restraintmay be formed, but not power of initiative and direction nor moral self-control.Hence the emphasis in the school laid upon socialoccupations which continue and reinforce those oflife outside the school ; and the comparative freedomand informality accorded the children. These aremeans, not an end. Moral responsibility is securedonly by corresponding freedom. Hence the schoolwork on the moral side is to be judged not by passing,external occurrences, but by its efficiency in promotinghealthy growth of character, which is slow not sudden;and a general modification of disposition and motive,not an external bearing or attitude.intellectual aims.1. The Question of Motive. — For genuine intellectualdevelopment, it is impossible to separate the attainment of knowledge from its application. The divorcebetween learning and its use is the most serious defectin our existing education. Without the consciousnessof application, "learning" has no motive to the child.Material thus "learned" is separated from the actualconditions of the child's life ; and a fatal split is introduced between school learning and vital experience—a split which reflects itself in the child's whole mentaland moral attitude. The emphasis in the school uponconstructive and so-called manual work is due largelyto the fact that such occupations connect themselveseasily and naturally with the child's everyday environment, create natural motives for the acquiring of information and the mastery of related methods throughthe problems which they introduce.2. The Question of Method. — As to methods, theaim is to keep alive and direct the active, inquiringattitude of the child ; and to subordinate the amassing of facts and principles to the development ofintellectual self-control — power to conceive and solveUNIVERSITY RECORD 305problems. Immense damage is done wherever thegetting of a certain quantity of information or coveringa certain amount of ground is made the end at theexpense of mastery of methods of inquiry and reflection.If children can retain their natural investigating tendencies unimpaired, gradually organizing them intodefinite methods of work, when they reach the properage they can master the required amount of facts andgeneralizations much more effectively than when thelatter ars forced upon them at so early a period asto crush the natural interest in searching out newtruths. Acquiring tends to replace inquiring.3. The Question of Subject Matter. — Statistics showthat, in our existing school system, from sixty toeighty per cent, of the time of the first two or threeyears of school life is spent upon the mastery of technical forms of knowledge ; learning to make and recognize written and printed forms and manipulate number symbols. If these same ends can be accomplished(even if somewhat later than at present), and the childat the same time brought in contact with fields ofexperience which have a positive value of their ownthere can be no doubt of the great gain. , Accordinglyreading, writing, spelling, composition, figuring etc.,are not introduced as ends in themselves. They comein as records of what has been done, and as helps inin connection with the positive subject matter foundin history, literature and science. So far as experiencegoes, it demonstrates that the relative loss in theamount gone over in the first two or three years, ismuch more than made up for in ability to use intelligently what is got, to say nothing of the inestimableadvantage of substituting intrinsically valuable factsand ideas for the trivialities of ordinary reading andwriting lessons, etc.SUGGESTIONS TO VISITORS.It is regretted that at present it is not possible toprovide guides to accompany visitors and explainwork. Visitors are accordingly requested to look aboutfor themselves.As a variety of work is going on with children ofdifferent ages, a much more definite idea will be secured if the visitor follows either the work of someone group, or of some one teacher. A cursory inspection of all lines and grades will almost certainly resultin a vague idea, or in the inpression that the work itself is confused. Visitors will of course rememberthat the school is for the benefit of the children andwill refrain from anything which would tend to distract the attention of the children or to make themconscious that they are under observation. As a rule,visitors should enter and leave a room only with the change of a class. Accounts of the school work arepublished from time to time in the University Record.Subscriptions, $1 per year, may be sent the PressDivision, the University of Chicago. There is atpresent no complete printed outline of the course ofstudy. In the University Record of last year, beginning with the issue of November 6, 1896, thenearest approach to this will be found.Programme of we Autumn Finals and the Twenty-FirstConvocation, Winter 1897-1898.the finals.December 13, Monday.8 : 00 p.m. Senior College Finals in Public Speaking-, for theUniversity prize. Kent Theater.December 15, Wednesday.8 : 00 p.m. Junior College Finals in Public Speaking, for theFerdinand Peck prize. Kent Theater.December 17, Friday.8 : 00 p.m. Graduate and Divinity Finals in Public Speaking,for the Joseph Letter prize.Debate:_ Resolved, that corporal punishment inpublic schools should be prohibited by law.Kent Theater.December 19, Sunday.3 : 30 p.m. Baccalaureate prayer service.Members of the Faculty and Candidates forDegrees are invited to attend.Kent Chemical Laboratory, Room 20.4 : 00 p.m. Baccalaureate vesper service.Baccalaureate address,The President of the University.Special music. Kent Theater.December 20, Monday.8: 00-11 : 00 p.m. Reception to the Graduating Students.President's House.December 22-23, Wednesday and Thursday.Quarterly Examinations of the Autumn Quarter.THE CONVOCATION WEEK.January i, Saturday. A Holiday.January 2, Sunday. Convocation Sunday.8:30 A.M. Bible Classes. Haskell Oriental Museum.4:00 P.M. Convocation Vesper Service.Convocation Sermon. Rev. N. D. Hillis, D.D.Special Music.Quarterly Report of the Secretary of the Chris -tian Union. Kent Theater.7:00 P.M. Union Meeting of the Y. M. C. A. and Y. W.C.A.Haskell Oriental Museum — Assembly Room.January 3, Monday.8 : 30 a.m. Lectures and Recitations of the Winter Quarterbegin.9: 00 a.m The Graduate Matutinal. President's House.8: 30 a.m.-i2:3o p.m. ) Matriculation and Registration of incoming stu-2:00-4:00 p.m.) dents.10:30 A.M. Quarterly Meeting of the College Divisions.Attendance required. Cobb Lecture Hall.3:00 P.M. Meeting of all Candidates for degrees with theExecutive officers.Cobb Lecture Hall — Chapel.306 UNIVERSITY RECORD8 : oo p.m. The Twenty- First University Convocation.The Procession.The Convocation Address: Hon, James H,Eckels, Comptroller of the Currency.The Conferring of Degrees.The President's Quarterly Statement.The A u dito riu m .January 4, Tuesday.4 : 00-6 : 00 p.m. Meeting of the University Congregation.Haskell Oriental Museum— Faculty Room.7 : 00 p.m. Dinner of the University Congregation.The Quadrangle Club.Official Notices.Quarterly Examinations. — The Examinations forthe Autumn Quarter are arranged as follows :8:30 Exercises, Wedn., Dec. 22, 8:30-10:30 a.m.9:3011:0012:002:003:00 Thursday 22, 11:00- 1:00 p.m.22, 2:30- 4:30 p.m.23, 8: 30-10: 30 a.m.23, 11:00- 1:00 p.m.23, 2:30- 4:30 p.m.Exercises preceding 8: 30 a.m., Wednesday, December22, 4: 30-6: 30 p.m.4:00 p.m., Exercises, Thursday, December 23,4:30-6:30 p.m.The regular Chapel-Assembly will be held Thursday, December 23, at 10:30 a.m.The attention of instructors is called to the following enactments of the Council, respecting examinations :1. Special examinations can be granted only bythe authority of the Council.2. In all courses not designated as " Primarily forGraduates," instructors are requested to conductexaminations at the close of the quarter.3. In courses in which no examinations are given,lectures are expected to be continued through the fulltwelve weeks.Reports for the Autumn Quarter. — All instructors are requested to observe that all reports forcourses given during the Autumn Quarter are due atthe Examiner's Office (or the Faculty Exchange) notlater than 12: 00 m., Tuesday, December 28. It is ofthe utmost importance that every course be recordedfully and promptly. Blanks will be furnished throughthe Faculty Exchange not later than Monday, December 20. The University Examiner.The Winter Examinations for admission to theJunior Colleges will be held in Cobb Hall, Friday,Saturday, Monday, and Tuesday, December 17, 18, 20,and 21. The University Examiner will furnish particular information on application.The Graduate Club.There will be an important meeting of the GraduateClub in the Lecture Room, Cobb Lecture Hall, Monday, December 20, at 10:30 a.m. A large attendanceis desired as important business is to be presentedwith reference to the coming meeting of the Federation of Graduate clubs. The Calendar.december 17-24, 1897.Friday, December 17.Chapel- Assembly : Graduate Schools. — Chapel, CobbLecture Hall, 10:30 a.m.Entrance Examinations begin.Mathematical Club meets in Ryerson Physical Laboratory, Room 35, 4: 00 p.m.Dr. G. A. Miller reads " On the Limits of Transitivity ofSubstitution-Groups.' 'Notes: " New Canonical Forms of the Binary Quintic andSextic," by MissGrowe; "On Cantor" V, by ProfessorBolza.Final Examination of Rose McNeal, Cobb LectureHall, Room 7 C, 4: 00 p.m.Graduate and Divinity Finals for the Joseph LetterPrize in Public Speaking, 8: 00 p.m.Debate: ** Resolved, That corporal punishment in PublicSchools should be prohibited by Law."Saturday, December 18.Faculty of the Junior Colleges, 8:30 a.m.Faculty of the Senior Colleges, 9:30 a.m.Faculties of the Graduate Schools, 9:45 a.m.Faculty of the Divinity School, 10:45 a.m.The University Senate, 11:00 a.m.Sunday, December 19.Baccalaureate Prayer and Vesper Services. Kent Theater, 3:30 p.m. (see p. 305).Union meeting of the Y. M. C. A. and Y. W. C. A.,Haskell Oriental Museum, Assembly Room, 7: 00 p.m.Monday, December 20.Chapel -Assembly : Junior Colleges. — Chapel, CobbLecture Hall, 10:30 a.m. (required of Junior CollegeStudents).Lectures before Senior Divisions II-VI, 10 : 30 a.m.Meeting of the Graduate Club, Lecture Room, CobbLecture Hall, 10:30 a.m.Reception to the Graduating Students. President'sHouse, 8:00-11:00 p.m.Tuesday, December 21.Chapel-Assembly: Senior Colleges. — Chapel, CobbLecture Hall, 10:30 a.m. (required of Senior CollegeStudents).University Chorus, Kent Theater, 7:15 p.m.Wednesday, December 22.Quarterly Examinations, 8:30 a.m.-1:00 p.m.; 2:30-6:30 p.m.Prayer Meeting of the Y. M. C. A., Lecture Room.Cobb Lecture Hall, 7:00 p.m.Thursday, December 23.Chapel-Assembly: Divinity School. — Chapel, CobbLecture Hall, 10:30 a.m.Quarterly Examinations, 8:30 a.m.-1:00 p.m. ; 2:30-6:30 p.m.Friday, December 24,to Saturday, January 1, 1898,Quarterly Recess.