Price $f«50 Per Year Single Copies 5 CentsUniversity 'RecordCHICAGOGbe TUntvetstts ot Gbtcaso {pressVOL. I., NO. 39. PUBLISHED EVERY FRIDAY AT 3:00 P.M. DECEMBER 25, 1896.Entered in the post office Chicago. Illinois, as second-class matter.CONTENTS.The Proceedings of the Seventeenth Annual Convention of the American Inter-Seminary MissionaryAlliance :Address of Welcome, by President W. R. Harper 493The Spirit of Christianity Essentially Missionary, by Professor C. J. Little - 493-494What should be the Attitude of the Ministrytoward Missions, by Rev. J. L. Withrow, D.D. 494-495The City and the Slum, by Professor GrahamTaylor - - - - - - - - - 495-496The Neglected Fields of the West, by Rev. H. D.Wiard - - - 496-497Macedonian Calls to Theological Students, byRev. A. T. Pierson, D.D. ----- 497In the Presence of God— Prayer, by Rev. R. A.Torrey - - 498In the Presence of his Word, by Rev. D. Shepard-son - - - - - - - -. - 498-499In the Presence of his World, by Rev. H. P.Beach - 499Organized Effort for Missions among Studentsof the World, by Prof. J. R. Stevenson - - 499-500Report of the Executive Committee - - - 500-501The Broader Yiew of Missions, by Rev. J. T.Gracey, D.D. - - - -* - . - - 501-502The Power in the Consecrated Life of Theological Students, by Rev. A. T. Pierson, D.D. - 502-503Closing Service - - 503The Proceedings of the Seventeenth Annual Conventionof the American Inter-Seminary Missionary Alliance,CHICAGO, NOVEMBER 12-15, 1896.The Seventeenth Annual Convention of the Alliance held with the Divinity School of The Universityof Chicago was opened on Thursday, November 12, at7:30 p.m., in Hyde Park Presbyterian Church,Chicago, with Mr. W. P. Osgood in the chair.Delegates were present from the following seminaries : Southern Baptist, Princeton, Xenia, Lancaster,Hartford, Union, Hamilton, Lane, Wittenberg, Heidelberg, Auburn, Louisville Presbyterian, Allegheny,Gettysburg, McCormick, Garrett Biblical, ChicagoTheological, Lebanon, New Brunswick, Vanderbilt, Western Theological, Union Biblical, and the DivinitySchool of The University of Chicago.The following address of welcome was delivered byPresident Harper of The University of Chicago :Delegates of the Inter-seminary Alliance , Ladies and Gentlemen:In no way has the hand of God shown itself more distinctly,during the century which is soon to close— in no way has thedivinity of Christianity demonstrated itself more certainlyduring the nineteen centuries of its existence than in the operation of heart and mind, the leadings of men and means, which,together, have resulted in the missionary movement. It hasbeen on the inside of our Christian life, not on the outside, andtherefore a fundamental thing ; serving as the key to all realChristian activity. All this and more it has been to our American Christianity ; and so important, so vital an element is it,that today it may be said to be in large measure the elementwhich distinguishes our Christianity and that of England fromthe Christianity of all other western nations.On behalf of The University of Chicago, and I think I maytruly add on behalf of all the theological seminaries of this city,the ministers of the city, and the tens of thousands of earnestChristian men and women whose homes are in Chicago, I bid thedelegates of the Inter-seminary Missionary Alliance welcome.We bid you welcome because of the great work already accomplished by the Alliance, and because of the influence for goodwhich this meeting will exert, not only here in Chicago, butthroughout the world. May the God who inspired the thoughtof this organization, who has guided it through the years of itshistory up to this time, continue to manifest his presence in itswork ; and may he so guide you in your deliberations that theyshall be found more effective for the cause of Christ than anythat have yet been held.An address followed upon "The Spirit of Christianity Essentially Missionary," by Professor C. J.Little, D.D., of the Garrett Biblical Institute, thechief thoughts of which are as follows :How many are ready to accept the consequences of the proposition that the spirit of Christianity is essentially missionary?While you all consent to it with your lips how many consent toit with your hearts? In a certain sense you believe it and you allsubscribe to the proposition, but to what extent does it influenceyour conduct ? To what extent is it going to shape your lives ?To what extent does it enter into your deliberations and yourdecisions ? I may suggest to you two lines of argument. In the494 UNIVERSITY RECORDfirst place, the theological argument, and in the second place,the historical argument.Men might say that Christianity is a religion among manyreligions. Men might say it has its sphere, a limited sphere, wasof some service to certain civilizations of the world, but afterall that it is not a world religion. But if we are among thosewho think that Jesus Christ was the manifestation of the eternalpurpose of God touching all men, if we are among those whothink that Jesus Christ was just what Paul represented him tobe, then this narrow view of Christianity is impossible to us.The incarnation, if there ever was one, means that Christ tookupon himself humanity,— not Jewish humanity, not Mediterranean humanity, nor European humanity, but world-humanity.If your theology has any meaning, that is what it means.It is time for us to accept the consequences of our creed andtheology, that the Son of Man is come to seek and save that whichis lost. He was the Jesus of humanity and not of the Jews. Anylimitation to a particular territory or a race is a denial of theincarnation. If Jesus is divine, if there was no robbery to counthimself equal with God, then he was truly a foreigner in Jerusalem and an alien on this planet. Then he was the first and chiefof foreign missionaries, for this was a foreign place to him. Hebecame in the incarnation itself a missionary for all generations,—the ideal for his church in all generations. He came from afarto evangelize this earth. The same idea follows from the idea ofman. Either God was in Christ reconciling the world to himself ,or the notion of the atonement is an absurd delusion. Uponwhat ground can we urge Christ as a redeemer here on the shoresof Lake Michigan that does not apply on the Continent and bythe Ganges too ? If this Jesus who moved along the sea ofGalilee is the Saviour of men on the shores of Lake Michigan heis the Saviour of men everywhere. And if he is not the Saviour ofmen everywhere he is not the Saviour of men anywhere. Thesame conclusion follows from our Christian conception of theHoly Spirit. The watchword of Pentecost was the citation of aprophet, " I will pour out my spirit upon all flesh." The Spiritproclaimed from the lips of the teachers the command for meneverywhere to repent. As we conceive the Spirit of these daysand his operation, it is like the atmosphere that effects equallythe whole surface of the globe. We liken it to the sunshine.Wherever there is a soul in darkness the sunshine of truth andhope and cheer should shine. It follows from any proper conception of the incarnation, or of the reconciliation of the world inJesus Christ,— from any proper conception of the operations ofthe Holy Spirit,— that Christianity, if it is not missionary, is adelusion, a wornout delusion and its days are over. Churchesmay exist because of the momentum of another time ; but whenthe momentum, of the missionary movement has perished thechurches themselves will perish.Let me suggest something in the way of historical argument.First, the triumphant gospel has been in all ages a missionarygospel. It was triumphant at Jerusalem. It was Antioch,Rome, Alexandria, and Carthage that became the radiatingcenters of Christian truth in the second and third centuries. Solong as these churches were missionary so long their gospel waspure and so long as it was pure it was triumphant. So far asthere was life in the mediaeval church, it was missionary life.A corrupt Christianity always lacks a missionary spirit. Tracethe influence of the missionary in India and China and Africaupon the English nation and upon its policy and you discoverthat the spirit of Christianity has had a great power.Christianity of the twentieth century will have great problemswherever it exists, and those will only be successfully solved bythe Christianity of the twentieth century being strongly missionary. God will not only smite the church, but also the statein which the church exists, if it is not missionary. On Friday morning, at 9:30 a.m., the Conventionassembled in Kent Hall of The University of Chicago.After a devotional service led by C. T. Studd, thefollowing officers were elected: President, C. H. Dudley, of Auburn ; Secretaries, E. W. Mecum, W. B.Dettera, Cyril Ross ; Committee on Nominations, C.W. Cherry, Chairman; Committee on Resolutions, J.R. Denyes, Chairman.The programme of the Convention was organizedunder three general topics, (1) The Missionary Pastor,(2) The Missionary Field, (3) The Missionary Student.The first topic was taken up at the opening session andan address was given by Rev. J. L. Withrow, D.D., on"What should be the Attitude of the Ministry toward Missions ? " The address laid down two mainpositions : I. The attitude of the minister towardmissions should not be one of opposition, ignorance,or unconcern. II. It should rather be that of theteacher, the apologist, and the leader.I. His attitude should not be one of opposition, ignorance orunconcern. (1) Not of opposition. It might seem strange toyou that any minister should have the feeling of oppositiontoward missions. Yet it took a persecution to drive the witnesses out of Jerusalem. The simple gift and enduement of theHoly Spirit was insufficient. The persecution drove them everywhere. So at the first this spirit of opposition was developedin the apostles of our Lord. It continues to be more or less trueamong his followers. Yet it is a certain way of defeating thedivine Spirit's design. (2) On the other hand, it should not bean attitude of ignorance. It is astonishing how many men inthe ministry are uninformed in general along missionary linesIt is intelligent interest that makes for success. Now a greatmany ministers will come into the missionary meeting and theywill receive a fine impulse. But you cannot depend upon animpulse. It is only a deep conviction that will stand.I am afraid too many ministers are rather concerned withtrying to harmonize different religious systems,— the theoreticalside of missions, without getting to see the real life side, thesupremacy of the religion of our Lord. I love to hear aboutthe deep religious instincts of the native people from the mouthof a missionary. I think in that the old times were a little betterthan ours. Ten years ago last month, it became my duty topreach a sermon before the American Board which met at DesMoines, Iowa. And, brethren, I wish to say to you, I was profoundly convinced that the reason why foreign missions did geta start at the beginning of the century and last up to this timeis that the men to whom its origin is due went to the bottomof the difficulty. They looked upon the world as a lostworld. Some will say that makes too dark a picture. But donot we make too light a picture ? "Darkness covers the earth,and gross darkness the people." The ministry lacks intelligentappreciation of the real cause for going abroad. Now if thesepeople in India or China have almost as good a religion , as wehave, I would rather save my money, a good deal. Our missionary work today ought to have in it a more intelligent appreciation if it is indeed, true that these people are going to ruin*Unless you have this conviction in your mind you are not goingto do much for missions. I believe the missionaries that do theleast are those who have the most shallow understanding of thenecessities of the case. I am talking now of the policy and theplan by which we reach success. The attitude of the ministry-UNIVERSITY RECORD 495ought to be that the heathen are lost without the gospel. Ifnot, let us quit, — give up this missionary occupation. Let meknow what there is of danger in these different religions andthen I will know how to go to their relief. (3) The attitude of unconcern. If men are going to hell, if they are averse to God, ifthey are rebellious against his government, and if the vicious-ness of the religions in which they are brought up is divulged,and if they are worshiping stocks and stones, how can we beunconcerned ? No minister ought to be unconcerned. SupposeI had a church that is supporting me fully and everything justas sweet and lovely as earth can give it, nevertheless I have justas much duty to the farthest dark man in Africa as any man inAmerica, and more. I think we ought to feel if we have moneyand! talents — some special talent of getting hold of men andteaching truth, if we are conscious that we can impart knowledge or sway men or influence them, then we are debtors to them.We owe that much to them. Not to be in a place where a mancan do the most possible is to bury his talent, to that extent, ina napkin. There is some place, whatever my talent is, in whichI can use it to better advantage than anywhere else, and thatmakes considerable difference. The question is, " Where can Iuse my talent bestj? " You, brethren, who are beginning now,think you have a long time before you. But soon people willbegin to talk about your being old men. You must start now ifyou expect to accomplish much in the life before you. Unconcern is treason before the Lord.II. But now on the positive side let me remark that if we areto do our duty, we ought to take the attitude of teachers. Thereis need of a campaign in this direction. I do not for a momentthink that the ministry anywhere claims that we have moreintelligence than the laymen of our churches. But on onething you can count, the people of your pews know far less aboutmissions than anything else. They know about politics andmany other things but it is amazing how little they know of missionary operations. Why, if you make the first investigation youwill be astonished to discover that they have not even inquiredinto the subject. Though they take a missionary magazine youdiscover they have not read it. A few devout men and womenare deeply imbued with the spirit and read diligently and knowthe facts, but I am talking of your congregations. They do notread about missions, but their information depends upon theminister. What a pity it is, while we are so concerned in teaching them the differences of doctrine, that we overlook comparatively these great movements in missions. Before the Master,I am ashamed, whatever I have done, that I have not done morein this direction. What magnificent material we have today inmissionary literature. How is it that the people are not betteracquainted with the facts ? Witness the lives of Judson, Carey,Chinese Gordon, Neesima and Livingstone. What a biographywe have,— this biography of foreign missionaries. If the peopleknew these facts what a wonderful effect it would have. (2)We ought to hold the position of apologists. I know that apologetics is rather overworked in our day. I read of a man whoseson was in a theological seminary. He said he was studyingapologetics. His mother wrote for him to come home sayingshe did not want him to apologize for our religion at all. Thatis what it is many times. But in the true sense, the missionaryshould be apologetic in his attitude. Many a church membertoday thinks God will evangelize the heathen soon without thehelp of missionaries, and that therefore there will be none lost.I do know this, that we are told to go. You ministers mustthink a thing twice true before your people will think it oncetrue. There are often a few in the churches whose hearts burnwith an intelligent interest in foreign missions and are manytimes even more consecrated than the pastor. Many others donot know about the missions of our own land. There are 70,000 ministers in our own country, but many of them do not believe inhome missions. Some say the public schools are sufficient. I willventure to say that there is not a large percentage of the peoplein our churches who could answer, if asked what progressChristianity has made in this century in our country. Many thinkthat the Christian church today is losing ita ground. Is it losingits power ? No. It is going forward very fast. It is the greatestmistake that people do not have some idea of figures and facts.A century ago only one out of fourteen and one-half was a member of an evangelical church. Now one out of every three and ahalf is a member of such a church. An army officer who hadspent many years in India was trying to persuade the Englishpeople that they were making a great mistake in sending missionaries there, for he had never, in all his experience, seen anative converted to Christianity. A returned missionary spokeup and said, "I too have spent many years in India, and havenever seen a tiger, though they are numerous there. But I nevergo where they are." The attitude of the apologist in missions isone of the duties which the minister should assume. Do not letany man put you to blush. There are enough facts and argumentsto last you forever. (3) Our attitude ought to be that of a leader,— not only of the teacher and apologist, but a leader. The peoplecan detect it right off. Good and sometimes godly men lackleadership. When a man does not have the spirit of leadership,he cannot do much. One man's church had given nothing for foreign missions. The Presbytery took the pastor to task about it.He went home and preached a strong sermon on the subject, butwhen he came to the place where a collection should be takenhe said, " I hope for better things from you,— even things thatpertain to salvation," and sat down without doing anything.He was not a leader. He got within sight of victory andthen turned away, The leader goes ahead and inspires hispeople. It is the man who feels a thing tremendously and feelsit through to his backbone, whom men will follow. It isfonly aswe invite the people to follow us that we may expect the largestresults in any particular ministerial work. The blessed gospelneeds all the faith and fervor we have,— all the confidence andthe conquering power.An address followed from Rev. H. D. Wiard on" What is the Present Attitude of the Ministry toward Missions ? "At the close of the session the delegates adjournedto the Assembly Room of Haskell Oriental Museumwhere a lunch was provided by The University, afterwhich an informal reception was held and brief remarks were made by representatives of visiting seminaries.At 2:30 p.m. the Conference took up the secondgeneral topic, " The Missionary Field," and listened toan address by Professor Graham Taylor, D.D., on"The City and the Slum."Professor Taylor said :I desire to begin in the middle of my subject. There must befirst of all the foundation of fact. Only recently have therebeen made any scientific attempts to ascertain the great phenomena of the most densely populated districts of our greatcities. All honor to the great English shipbuilder who was thepioneer of the scientific analysis of the population, who wasawakenedfperhaps by the vigorous cry of the taxed and oppressedin London, and by the tireless efforts of the Salvation Army.He made a most complete analysis of the population in EastLondon. Mr. Wright did a similar work in Boston, Philadelphia,496 UNIVERSITY RECORDNew York, and Chicago. The seventh special report of the Commissioner of Labor at Washington on the slums of the great citiesis about as ample a volume on pastoral theology as I have everseen, though this is not saying much. Every man here can getthat report by sending a two-cent letter to Washington to theCommissioner of Labor. (Mr. Taylor then illustrated by a" nationality map " the population in some of the most denselysettled districts of Chicago. He showed a map illustrating theeconomic conditions of the people, — those receiving less than$5, $10, $15, and $20 a week to the family.)If you think you can tell a man to come to Jesus and let himbe in his present condition you are mistaken. It cost more thanthat to save you. You will not do it so cheaply. The maps showthe greatest percentage of criminals among the English speaking population. It makes all the difference in the world howmany people there are living in an acre. Do you realize this inyour mission work ? In New York there is one ward in whichthere is an average of 986 persons to every acre of land, whenthe average for the nation at large is 16 to the square mile. Doesit make no difference that that is the most densely populateddistrict on the face of the earth ? Does it make no difference ifyou have two tenement houses on a lot that should have but onewhen the death rate is doubled ? In proportion as the needs oflife multiply, as the conditions of life grow desperate as there aremore and more souls to be saved, the inspiring, elevating, softening unifying agencies, — • the spiritualizing, patriotic agenciesare eliminated and fade away out of sight and the forces thatgo to make unrighteousness grow manifold. In many of thesedistricts the last vestige of civilization and of Christianity isthe public school. Stand on the corner of LaSalle and Madisonstreets and look a mile in any direction, and you will rarely seea resident, working Christian. Why is it ? So many of themare on the boulevards thinking how they may save themselvesrather than to save the city. The few churches and Christiansin these congested districts are inadequate to the overwhelmingtask before them. There are many places where you cannot geta drink except in a saloon or a horse trough.The majority of churches are content to remain ignorant ofthe conditions and needs of the slums, and make no effort tomodify those conditions. Some are ignorant of the putrifyingand destructive forces of their own parish, and do not use themeans at their hand to ameliorate the condition. What if aphysician could not diagnose the condition of a disease betterthan that and apply a remedy ? I am simply talking fromlife, men, and from the standpoint of those who need to besaved among whom I have had my residence for years. We neednot only the investigation of facts but practical relief. We canget the facts by investigation from the school census, from thecity directory, police reports, and building and fire commissioners1 reports. Why not use them? The report of education has beenof as much service to me as anything else. The mission of thechurch is to meet the needs of all, not for a part. The gospel ismade for all, and it will not be applied to any until used for all.If any are to receive it, all must have it demonstrated untothem. There needs to be a broad vision — a comprehensivefaithful study of the city mission policy. I do not mean churchextension policy. I do not mean that we should try to make asmany more churches as we can wedge in, — I mean the sizing upof the evangelistic problem of Chicago and then the employingof such forces as we have where they are most needed, in thebest possible way. God expects our churches to save men.Missions are but vestibules, and a man cannot stop there: Thechurch needs consecrated hearts and willing hands for this service. There will be no denominational struggle for a choice mission corner on Halsted street. Such places will never contributelargely to the society's treasury. But I plead for churches that serve their denominations most by serving the kingdom of Godbest. I plead that we seek first the kingdom of God.Another condition of success is that we have foreign missionary consecration in home missionary city evangelization.Brethren, how much we would have to do if we treated theforeign cities as we do our home cities. We would say, "brethren,we have come to stay with you." Then, when fever and sicknesscame on we add, " Now good-bye. We commend you to the careof God, — we '11 be back again next fall." Foreign missionaryconquests have been made by the Word becoming flesh anddwelling among men whose souls were sought to be saved. Iplead for men and women who will go and abide in these denselypopulated districts as living witnesses for Christ. You can talkto 750 under one single tenement roof . Move in and speak tothose men who are dying for encouragement while waiting forwork. Why not put yourself where your dwelling will amount tosomething for good. It does seem to me that if the city centersare ever to be reached we must have the Christ life reincarnatedand men must live with those whom they would save and showtheir love by their living, and better share their sicknessesand sorrows. That is a vastly different thing than the rescuepolicy of the present administration of city missions. Wecan sing " Throw out the life-line," but when the life-line getscold and slimy, and disagreeable to hang onto, it is toooften dropped. " We can say ** How many will rise for prayer?"I believe in it and have done it, — but we must do more.Try to change their surroundings. No one can accuse meof not believing in evangelistic services. But in the name of thecommon human heart, whose heart throbs I have caught sothat they have given something more of rhythm to my own, Iplead that John 1 : 14—" And the Word became flesh and dweltamong us, and we beheld his glory, glory as of the only begottenfrom the Father, full of grace and truth," — shall be the watchword of you, young men and women. Then not only souls butsociety would be saved ; not only individuals, but territory ; notonly regeneration made possible, but the next little baby wouldhave a better chance to be born the first time and to stay born inthe second birth. We are simply playing with the problem ofChristianity. All I demand is downright Christian consecration, rational progress, and human evangelization.Rev. H. D. Wiard followed, speaking on " The Neglected Fields of the West."Our country depends more than we think on this westernlife. Last year when I was sent out in the Northwest for a vacation I spoke forty-six times and traveled 10,000 miles. Some ofyou try it. You can go over the country and see the manysights, but how sad to see how few churches. We make criminals by our methods of doing things and it costs us a fabulousamount to take care of them. We have fifty-eight great stateprisons. We have to pay heavy taxes to keep them running.Over against that we ought to magnify the power of JesusChrist to prevent men from being criminals.I do not criticise foreign missions at all, but the man whosees the need and the condition of parts of our own land willbe equally moved to save the lost. A Chinaman once told methat the treatment of the Chinese in America by the Christianpeople hurts Chinese missions more than all else in China. Wehave to take this land for Christ and impress it by our living, andlet the Word become flesh and dwell among men. There aretwenty-six tribes of Indians to whom no one has been sent. Anold Indian chief said he would like to take the scalp from everyone of the Christians, — that they polluted his people, and mademen do worse things than they ever knew how to do, until thegospel went to the front. Some of you could not fill thoseplaces. Men must be fitted to the work. One minister whoUNIVERSITY RECORD 497was ordained in eastern Oregon was the homeliest red-headedfellow I have ever seen. He has planted eight churches there.I have not heard a grander sermon in ten years than hepreached from the Word of God, moved by the Holy Spirit. Theywant pure theology. Then they want a man to have u sand."It is not always pulverized rock. With them it means that youare not afraid of anything. If they love you, you can do anything. Let one talk of purity, of home and mother and thingsthat lift men up. If it comes from a heart that is in earnestfor them, that is what wins them.I found one mountain town of a thousand people. A Scotchman whom they called Joe was preaching for them. He livedin a hole in a mountain. His wife had died some years before.His only son was injured in a mine and must die. There wasno one to pray for him. The boy said to his companions, " Lads,you see I have to go. Cannot some one offer a prayer for me ? "No one could pray. Then he turned to his father and said," Father, can you not pray for your lad ? " His father had neverprayed before, but he said, " Dear Lord, you did love your lad, —pity my lad. The love you had for your lad can cover my lad'sfault." The miners said, "Now Joe, you be our parson, liveoutside and we will chip in and support you." That is what theyare doing today. Many in that country are being put awaywithout prayer.I went twenty-five miles on horseback to a child's funeral.The mother was grateful beyond utterance that she did not haveto put her child away without prayer. There is great need ofprayer there. One minister in Washington with his family livedsix weeks having nothing but potato cakes and a little flour togo with them. A gospel meeting was held. Girls and boys cameand heard the gospel and were converted. One said, " What ifI had died before I had come to Christ ? " Let us take this toheart. Forget not that Jesus Christ said, you must be witnessesfor me right here, as well as to the uttermost parts of the earth.God is sending one thousand people a day to our shores fromforeign lands. We must care for the great work at hand, orsome of these days missionaries will come from afar to us andrebuke us.At the evening meeting, beginning at 7:30 o'clock,Rev. Harlan P. Beach spoke on " A Glimpse at ActualWork in the Foreign Field."He was followed by Rev. A. T. Pierson whose subject was "Macedonian Calls to Theological Students."The following represents the chief points of hisaddress :I wrote a little book years ago called " The Crisis of Missions."If I had time I would like to write another on " The Crisis ofthe Crises." We are in the crisis of crises and there are fourelements that enter into it. The first is the facilities of the openand unoccupied field. The second, the inadequacy of the missionary force. The third, the low standard of holy living and ofconsecrated giving. The fourth, the apathy of the Christianchurch in view of all these facts. These four things constitutethe crisis of the crises. There has never been anything like itbefore in the church of Jesus Christ.I. The vast open and unoccupied territory. You know thatthere are at least six great territories open and unoccupied onthe face of the earth today. (1) China and India are partiallyunoccupied. Together they embrace about one-half the entirehuman race. How far are these countries supplied with missionaries? You remember that Hudson Taylor about twenty-fiveyears ago established the China Inland Mission. Elevenprovinces did not have a missionary. His first prayer was fortwenty-two missionaries. As to India. We think India is very well supplied. I suppose there are about 1200 missionaries there,— male and female. But there are many cities in India withouta missionary in them. Some of the large cities have but one ;and one is closed to missionaries. One province with 25,000,000people in it has but thirty missionaries. (2) Suppose I call bythe name Mohammedan the followers of Mohammed in differentcountries. It is an unoccupied territory. We are just feelinground the districts embracing hundreds of millions of people.(3) The plateau of central Asia, including Thibet, is yet scarcelyentered by a Christian missionary. (4) Africa,— the valley ofthe Nile. There was not a single missionary in that district twoyears ago. (5) South America, — the whole territory of theAmazon is without missionary labor. I suppose that there are10,000,0(>0 people that have never heard of Jesus Christ, as weunderstand it, and never have seen a copy of the Bible. Andyet, this is only the beginning. Here are five or six differentfields on this earth, — parts of which are wholly untouched byChristian missions.II. What about the missionary forces? What sort of responsehas the church of Jesus Christ made to this great destitution ?I suppose we have something less than 10,000 missionaries altogether, including women, medical missionaries, etc. In additionto these 10,000 there are perhaps 4#,000 people in the landswhere the gospel has been preached, — 40,000 helpers among theconverts. There are at least one thousand million of people onearth that are strangers to Christ, — to be yet led to a knowledgeof Christ and you will see that we have about one missionary toevery 20,000 people. As near as I have been able to make out theentire contribution of the entire Protestant Christian church, itis something less than $13,000,000 a year. We will say about$12,000,000. Now, do you know what the income of the protest-ant church is ? Not the capital. I have labored to get accuratefigures, as accurate as possible. There are about 40,000,000Protestant church members in England, the United States andGermany. These 40,000,000 of people represent the total income,—not to speak of the capital invested — of more that $12,000,000,000.This is the very smallest calculation. That is one dollar aday from every Protestant. One dollar in a thousand is all thatfinds its way to the foreign missionary. The Christian churchsends one man or one woman out of 20,000, spends one dollar outof $1000 for the support of Christian missions, and does eventhat grudgingly.Now I say to you, beloved brethren, the hope of the churchof God rests upon the young men and women of this generation.You cannot hope to win victory over the indifference of the oldergeneration. There is hope of reaching the younger class of menand women in our churches. If we can take the young life ofour schools and get a zeal according to knowledge so that menfeel the demands of the work, and appreciate the commands ofChrist, and understand something of the destitution on the onehand, and the inadequacy on the other hand, we can hope to dosomething in the next generation.On Saturday morning, at 9:20 o'clock, the Conference opened with a devotional service after which aconference on the seminaries was conducted by Mr.H. W. Luce. He referred to the partial failure of theattempt to get statistics from the seminaries in answerto a series of questions which had been sent out, Thequestion of the Aim of the Theological Seminary wassuggested. Selections from statements of leadingprofessors were given :[The seminary] "is to fit men for the work of preaching Christto the whole world ; upon this particular end of its work the in-498 UNIVERSITY RECORDfluence must converge. It is teaching church history andphilosophy in order that the student may have thoroughknowledge and may be completely equipped for preaching Christpowerfully. — persuasively. The teaching must be scientific, butonly that it can be real teaching and teaching of reality. Butin order that its scientific work may equip men, and not disarmthem, the seminary must have a center of devotional life. Thestudent ought to live the Christ-life, have an overmasteringsense of the needs of men and a consciousness that he goes outas one called of God, not to make a career or adorn a profession,but prophet-like, or rather apostle-like, to undertake a mission to mankind on behalf of his Lord." [Another statement]"At this period of the history of the church each seminaryshould seek to awaken a strong zeal in the student through theappointed curriculum. I deem this to be one of the most important aims of every theological seminary. If this spirit canbe awakened and true piety developed and an intelligent knowledge of the Holy Scriptures vouchsafed to them we may expectgreat things to be wrought throughout the entire world in thegeneration to which we belong."Mr. Luce said further : In regard to the aim of the seminary,it should be (1) To send men forth with a clear grasp of thetruth ; (2) To deepen men's lives so that to do God's will may bewithout qualification the supremest desire of their life; (3)To send men forth with a conception of their mission — that itis world-wide ; (4) To this end, to give them sufficient knowledgeof the need of the world that they may have a basis for thedecision as to where they may work.The subject of "The Difficulties that Face Us," was taken up,i. e., the difficulties in the general work in the seminaries, or, inthe personal lives in the seminaries. Some difficulties suggestedwere ; indifference, low conception of missions, unwillingnessto devote some time to the work ; some go to the missionary meeting but do not prepare, lack of true consecration, the fear manyof them have in dealing with the missionary problem because ofits relation to their lives, ignorance of the need, too muchinterest in politics and other things, a lack of real leaders, andapparent division between the volunteers and other men, a certain professionalism among students, lack of energetic prayer,no time to devote to mission study, theoretical belief and notpractical, lack of consecrated prayer, lack of devotional Biblestudy, difficult to get men to think on foreign missions, so muchdistinction between home and foreign missions, false conceptionof the condition of those out of Christ, transition stage intheology for a good many.Some ways of meeting these difficulties suggested were : (1)organization ; (2) methods ; (3) the individual life of the seminary student ; (4) the individual life of the seminary professor.Mr. Luce said, in concluding the conference andintroducing the next speakers : "I feel that, while wemust use the best methods and organization, afterall, the heart of it is in the deep spiritual life of thestudent. The next three topics bear upon this point."Rev. R. A. Torrey then spoke on "In the Presenceof God — Prayer."I believe that in nothing have we departed so lamentablyfar from the apostolic days as in this matter of prayer. Howmany could write, " I have given myself to prayer and theministry of the Word?" How many could write, "we continue steadfastly in prayer?" We live in a day multipliedwith man's machinery. We have an idea today that in order toget the missionary spirit we ought to have, and to make theright progress, the thing first needed is new methods, society and organization, — new machinery. What is needed today isnot more organization nor new methods, but new power in theorganization and methods that now exist.1. Prayer will promote your spiritual growth as almost nothing else will,— prayer and the study of the Word. If you and Iare to know our own hearts there is only one way to find it out— by looking up to God and saying " Search me and know myheart and my thoughts." I believe the theological student iswise who closes each day of the year, praying God to show himwhat is displeasing to him and waiting until he does it.2. Yictory over temptation. Christ prayed. He told hisdisciples to watch and pray lest they enter into temptation.Peter slept and Christ prayed. Peter fell the next day andChrist achieved the victory.3. We grow into the likeness of Jesus Christ by prayer. Remember 2 Cor. 3 : 18, " We all, with unveiled face reflecting as amirror the glory of the Lord, are transformed into the sameimage from glory to glory, even as from the Lord, the Spirit."Look up more and more constantly. Spend more time in personal communion. The more time we spend in prayer the morewe will grow in the likeness of Jesus Christ.4. Prayer will help us in our study as nothing else will. Thesecret of the mastery of that Book is prayer. No amount oflinguistic attainment, or of poring over commentaries, or examination of the original sources, will take the place of prayer.5. Prayer will bring power in our own work in missions in allits phases. Why so little converting power today? Has conversion become a lost art ? In as far as it is true, it is becauseprayer has become a lost art. There is not a theological studenthere today that cannot become a mighty man of God if he wouldbecome a mighty man of prayer. Oh, if our seminaries wouldbe schools of prayer !Rev. D. Shepardson followed, speaking on " Inthe Presence of His Word." He read the 19th Psalm,beginning with the verse, " The law of the Lord is perfect, converting the soul."If an educated man knows everything about something andsomething about everything, then the one thing about which theChristian must know everything that there is to be known isthe Word of God. The Bible is the one book and should be atall times the end of study, the one book of the Christianministry, as made clear to my mind in four ways. The Scripture itself indicates that this is the fact ; experience confirmsit ; a hungry world demands it ; and God has promised his blessing to it. Every Old Testament commission from the beginningto the end makes this peculiarly evident to the servant of God.He has to be God's spokesman and his prophet to declare hisword to men. All through the New Testament the same thingis manifest in its commissions. Christ sent out his disciplesand told them to preach what he told them. Also the book ofActs, in a vision of the ministry- of Jesus Christ, shows that theminister is to be a witness, whose peculiar work is to preachthe word. Not only Scripture, but also experience indicatesthat the great book of the Christian worker — the one book —must be the Bible. The greatest preachers this world has everseen — the most successful — have always been, other things beingequal, the most biblical. They have been infused with its ideas,— men whose phraseology was molded by the words of theBible. Not only experience, but a hungering humanity demandsit. Churches are tired of politics and newspaper stories. Manychurches all over this land are dying or are dead, not of thefamine of bread, but of the famine of hearing the Word of God.We have a great deal of textual and exegetical study — studythat investigates the history of the manuscripts and how we cameUNIVERSITY BECOBD 499Into possession of these things. We should have as much of itas possible. Then there is the historical study of the Bible, andthe literary study of the Bible. These are very important. Butthere is not one of these forms of study that has touched thecentral fact. This is divine truth. We may go through theDivinity School and become textual students or literary students of the Bible or historical students of the Bible, and yetnot know much of the Bible. The devotional study of the Bible— although there is much of the other kind in our DivinitySchools, there is not much of this.What is the devotional study of the Bible ? When we studyit devotionally we are not for information of man, but for foodand salvation. We do not have to do with the form alone, butparticularly with the essential idea. What is the religiousteaching,— what is the soul food that this passage has for us ?Now I say that this is the most important of all the study ofthe Bible. The great aim of God's book is to teach religion.The most important lesson we get from it is the religious teaching of the book.While it is the most important of all studies, it is the onemost neglected in the Divinity School life. Most of the teachers will say at the close of their work, " You will have to drawdevotional lessons from this yourselves. My business is thecritical teaching of the Bible, or the literary, or historical, orexegetical. The personal part, the devotional part, you mustdraw for yourselves." I welcome historical and exegetical andliterary study, but I tremble very much for the man who spendsthree, four, or five years on that alone and does not keep upthe devotional study.How can we change this matter ? Unless you possess theBible as your own, you cannot preach it powerfully to otherpeople. You may have a theological knowledge. What youpreach should be what you know. I have an exegetical Bible ;another, an historical and critical Bible. All represent the samebook but viewed from different points. But these are not theBibles I use in my pulpit. I have another. If you were to readit through as far as I have gone, you would find it a personalbiography of my own Christian life. That is the only Bible thatGod gives me the grace to preach. That is the Bible and theonly Bible that you can take into the pulpit and preach withconfidence that God will bless.At the afternoon meeting Rev. Harlan P. Beach madean address on " In the Presence of His World."What is the meaning of this title ? I think the best explanation are the words of Jesus Christ as found in Matthew, ch. 25,when he describes all nations as gathered before him. Here isa man, our superior, a great personage who is hungering,thirsty, a stranger, naked, and in prison. Who is this greatpersonage? Christ answers, "Inasmuch as ye did it unto oneof the least of these, my brethren." Jesus Christ is in all lands,and the church of God stands face to face with that mightypersonage. I believe we are not realizing these things. In thepresence of God's world ! A realizing sense of that awful needwhich two-thirds of the human race has today ! Jesus inmighty need!How are we going to realize this need? I think we will getto know something through our general reading. If we havean open eye to see things, we will learn a great deal aboutthe needs of the world today. The best little articles are in theOutlook, in the Review of Reviews, and above all, in the LondonTimes. The weekly edition of the Times gives you the greatworld movements. I think a great many ministers should subscribe for these. Let us as students in the seminaries preparingfor the ministry of the gospel be anxious to become acquaintedwith these world movements. For special readers Dr. Bliss is now preparing a little bookentitled A Concise History of Missions, which will be very good.Hodder's Conquests of the Cross has enough pictures to interestyou for years to come. We do not read enough magazines.Above all, the best periodical for any minister is the MissionaryReview of the World.As to a study of the religious condition of non-Christianlands, Dr. Withrow said the thing which should most move theChristian is not the social condition of men, but the religiouscondition of great masses of humanity who are without Godand without hope in the world. On Confucianism : The bookwhich will give you the substance of the subject and is quiteaccurate, is Professor Douglas's book on Confucianism. OnMohammedanism : Dr. Wherry's Koran ; his four-volume edition is regarded as one of the highest authorities. He has justgotten out a little volume entitled Islam which gives a bird's-eye view of this subject. On Hinduism : Monier Williams isthe best. On Buddhism: Rhys Davids. The volume of "Non-Christian religions of the present day," written by missionarieswho are good authority upon the religions which they treat, isa good reference. Study the popular beliefs that prevail inany country. In any one of these books you will see a greatmass of superstitions. What is behind them ? Tiele's Historyof Religion will put you in touch with all these facts. Takesome such courses of study as these and get hold of the realpower in non-Christian life.Study some of the workers and the methods. Run throughthe life of one principal man in each country. In this way yousee the environment of these men and see them working. Youstand face to face with those men concerning whom we areinterested. If you wish to read in a general line, Lawrence'sbook on Modern Missions in the East is a marvelous book. Thecause in which I am specially interested makes me feel that ifwe are to get the most out of this, it will come from classwork and some definite line of study.Professor J. R. Stevenson followed on " OrganizedEffort for Missions among the Students of theWorld."Within the past few years there has been a wonderful missionary awakening among the students of the world, and theway in which they are being enlisted and drilled and organized,that they may go forward as one' mighty army into the world'sconquest, should lead us to thank God and take courage.I. Consider the organized effort for missions among thestudents here at home. I need not speak of the American Inter-seminary Missionary Alliance, nor need I dwell upon the workof the Young Men's Christian Association. It is well, however,for us to keep in mind these facts ; that the College Associationunites more than 33,000 students and professors, in 500 differentcolleges and universities. Through the efforts of the Association, more than 30,000 students have been led to accept JesusChrist as Lord. More than 70,000 young men have been trainedto do Christian work as laymen, and through the Associationnearly 4,000 young men have been influenced to enter the Christian ministry.In speaking of the student volunteer movement we ought toremember that the movement itself is not an organization, butsimply a department of work in which the three great studentorganizations of America unite, i. e., the Young Men's CollegeChristian Association, the Young Women's College ChristianAssociation and the American Inter-seminary Alliance.You as members of the Alliance have a controlling interest inthe movement, and as your representative on its executive committee I may be allowed to state that the work has been steadilygoing forward. Profiting by the mistakes of earlier years, we are500 UNIVERSITY RECORDusing the most conservative methods and yet in an aggressive wayare trying to interest and enlist students in the cause of foreignmissions. LaBt year, through four traveling secretaries, 365 institutions in 31 different states, along with the District of Columbia and the provinces of Quebec and Ontario, were visited and thetotal number of volunteers enrolled was 884. This makes the totalnumber enrolled, and with which we have been able to keep intouch, 5142. Of this number at least 20 per cent, are now on theforeign field.The interest aroused by the study of missions is so great thatthis year we have already sold more than 2,500 copies of thebook used in the study course, and copies are still being sold atthe rate of fifty a day.II. Asa result of the awakening in this country there wasformed in Great Britain four years ago, the Student VolunteerMissionary Union, and, in consequence, the volunteer idea hasbeen planted in practically all the-colleges of the British Isles.Two years ago the British College Christian Union, similar toour College Association, began its organized and aggressivework, and although it included only seventeen institutionsat the start, the number of affiliated unions and associations hasincreased to fifty-one. You will be interested to know thatwith this College Christian Union the theological colleges areaffiliated, a sub-committee of four being appointed to look aftertheir interests ; one of these to act as general secretary for thetheological college section and advisory secretary to the executive committee.The Volunteer Union since its foundation in 1892 has enrolled1168 members. During the past year 197 students volunteered.At the beginning of this year 47 per cent, had sailed, and counting those who had been accepted by boards the proportionwould be increased to 61 per cent. Dr. Duff once said that when10 per cent, of those who enlisted during the missionary revivalwent to the field that revival was a success. The conferenceheld at Liverpool last January bore witness to the power of themovement in Great Britain.The volunteer movement has since been planted in Franceand French Switzerland, in Holland, in Germany and in Scandinavia. Through the generosity of the British students, Mr.John R. Mott has been enabled to visit Australia, a large studentfield, but where only five Christian student organizationsexisted before Mr. Mott's visit, and these in nowise in touch witheach other. A large number of universities and colleges werevisited, and last June at Melbourne a great students' conferencewas held. All were surprised at the large and representativegathering. Although the institutions there are widely separated, 258 delegates, from thirty-four colleges and universities,came together, and three representatives came all the way fromNew Zealand, a distance of about 1600 miles, and entailing an absence of over four weeks. By far the most important event of theconvention was the formation of the Australasian Student Christian Union, linking together the twenty-five Unions in differentinstitutions (Mr. Mott having organized twenty of them andreorganized the original five), and including the three foremosttheological colleges. While there had been scarcely any missionary interest among the students, as a result of the briefsummer campaign forty-eight students were led to sign thevolunteer declaration, and the student volunteer movementwas organized and made an organic department of the StudentChristian Union. Such wonderful developments were felt tonecessitate a traveling secretary, to follow up and consolidatethe work, and sufficient funds were secured to send out a man fortwo years.III. Come from Australia up into India, and look at the fewstudent movements there. The Christian association idea hastaken a strong hold of the Indian colleges, and there are a dozen or more associations scattered throughout the land of theTrident. In Calcutta, with its thousands of students, the workof Mr. J. Campbell White was so prosperous that a largebuilding became a necessity, and since the $50,000 required topurchase the most adequate and convenient building has beenprocured, Dr. W. W. White is to continue the student work inCalcutta, while his brother, J. Campbell, pushes the collegeassociation work throughout the empire. Aided by Mr. Campbell White, Mr. Wilder and others, Mr. Mott conducted sixstudent conferences in Ceylon and India last winter. Theseconferences were similar to our summer conference here. Theaggregate attendance of student delegates was over one thousand; that is more than attend the student conferences atNorthfield, Lake Geneva and Knoxville. There were 133 institutions represented. More than three hundred missionaries werepresent, representing more than sixty missionary societies;eighty-seven young men, Mohammedans and Hindus, professedto accept Christ. Twenty- two covenanted to keep morning watch,and a large number of the most promising Christian students inIndia voluntarily dedicated themselves to the work of reachingtheir own country for Christ. These were organized into theStudent Volunteer Movement for India and Ceylon.Away in South Africa, 350 students, from twenty-nine collegesgathered last summer, for the first time, at Stellenbosh, where afire was kindled that has since been spreading throughout thecolleges of the Cape. The Rev. Andrew Murray, L. D. Wishard,and Mr. Donald Fraser, have been the chief promoters of thismovement, and the power of God has been visibly at work.The South African Students' Christian Association has beenformed. Many have joined the Student Volunteer Union, andMr. Fraser is making a four months' tour among the colleges ofCape Colony and the neighboring states.Thus, the Christian students of all lands are organizing for agreat advance movement, and in order to bring all these organizations in touch with one another there has been formed theWorld's Christian Student Federation, which has the followingobjects : (1) To unite students' Christian movements throughoutthe world. (2) To collect information regarding the religiouscondition of the students of all lands. (3) To promote these linesof activity : (a) to lead students to become disciples of JesusChrist as the only Saviour and as God ; (3) to deepen the spiritual life of students ; (c) to enlist students in the work of extending the kingdom of Christ throughout the world.The Report of the Executive Committee was thenread by Mr. W. P. Osgood :Mr. J. Y. Aitchison having left the seminary and entered thepastorate, Mr. W. P. Osgood was selected in his place, andMr. N. G. Ramsay was substituted for Mr. O. J. Chase whofelt that he could not serve. The committee as thus constitutedhas endeavored to carry out the special instructions of the lastconvention as well as the duties prescribed in the old constitution. After studying the condition of the alliance, we believethat it should be controlled by the following general principles :1. That its threefold purpose should be kept constantly inview, to-wit : a) to promote the spirit of Christian brotherhoodamong theological students ; b) to deepen the spiritual life ofthe theological students ; and c) to further their interest in andconsecration to the cause of city, home and foreign missions.2. In order to realize these purposes we believe, a) that thealliance conventions should partake more of the nature of conferences; b) that the individual seminaries should, in manyinstances at least, be better organized ; and c) that a travelingsecretary should be employed to visit the seminaries in theinterests of those great objects for which the alliance stands.UNIVERSITY RECORD 50}We were unable to secure a traveling secretary for last year,but we selected one to begin work at the beginning of this seminary yeSar.3. We believe that the following relations should be sustained or cultivated: a) that the alliance should recognize andappreciate its vital relation to the student volunteer movement ;6) that the alliance should endeavor to come into touch withthe Canadian theological colleges; c) that the alliance shouldbe affiliated in some way with the World's Student ChristianFederation, whose first regular meeting is to be held in Americanext summer.4. We believe that the attempt made at last convention tostrengthen the executive committee by adding a permanentelement, was a move in the right direction. The presentarrangement, however, is not entirely satisfactory. The committee this year has been widely scattered, and has not beenable to do the work a more centralized committee might do.With a more central permanent element in the committee,affairs of the alliance could be more easily managed and at aconsiderable reduction of expense.We beg to present the following recommendations :1. That next spring or fall two district conventions be held,one in New Brunswick and the other in, or near, Cincinnati, andthat a regular business meeting of the alliance be held at thetime and place of the Student Volunteer Convention in thespring of '98.2. That the executive committee till the next regular meeting of the alliance consist of three permanent members as heretofore, and four student members; — two from the executivecommittee having in charge the Eastern District Convention,and two from the executive committee having in charge theWestern District Convention.3. That no revision of the constitution take place till weunderstand better the exact kind of organization that willaccomplish the work most efficiently,4, That Mr. H. W. Luce be employed as the traveling secretary for this seminary year.5. That the chairmen of the delegations from the differentseminaries pledge themselves (to go back to their institutionsand) to do all in their power to secure from their institutionsthe apportionment of the secretary's expenses.6. That the executive committee be instructed to secure atraveling secretary for the seminary year 1897-8, if after correspondence with the seminaries it seems wise.The report was taken up article by article and adopted without change.The Committee on Nominations gave in its report, and thefollowing were elected members of the Executive Committeefor the ensuing year :For the West: Professor W. J. McGlothlin and Professor H.W. Hulbert.For the East : Mr. E. C. Lobenstine and Chas. G. Mallory.Representative from the Faculty : Professor Shailer Mathews.Other members : W. M. Doyer ; Geo. E. Burlingame.•v In view of what has been said about the district conventions,Mr. Stevenson made a few remarks saying that the committeehad considered this matter carefully and prayerfully andthought that this, on the whole, was the best thing to do, but hethought it might be well for the convention to give their committee power to change the plans, if in the future it should bedeemed wise.The convention then voted to give the Executive Committeethe discretionary power above suggested. The Committee on Resolutions reported as follows:Our Heavenly Father has graciously permitted the allianceagain to meet for the study of those methods which shall bestadvance his kingdom ; and we have confidence that God hasdirected the work of this convention to our good and to his ownglory. Therefore be itResolved, That we believe in united, interdenominationalaction in facing the problems of world-wide evangelization.Resolved, That we deplore the crowding of many churchesinto the smaller towns and cities while other fields are unoccupied.Resolved, That we recommend the organization of interdenominational Christian leagues for the systematic evangelization of our large cities.Resolved i That we consider it the duty of every theologicalstudent to prayerfully consider his personal responsibility to theunevangelized in the home and foreign fields.Resolved, That we recommend to each theological seminarythe study of the missionary possibilities of its own denominational young people's societies.Resolved, That we believe the scientific study of missions tobe essential to a symmetrical theological education.Resolved, That we believe in systematic and proportionategiving, both by the ministry and by the laity, to home and foreign missions.Resolved, That we heartily endorse the purposes and methodsof the Student Volunteer Movement for foreign missions.Resolved, That we tender our heartfelt thanks to The University of Chicago which has so kindly opened its doors for ourentertainment ; to the Hyde Park Presbyterian church for theuse of its building; to the Christian people of Chicago for theirgenerous hospitality ; to the speakers who have taken the timefrom intensely busy lives to come here for our profit ; and to thelocal committee, to whose careful and efficient work is due muchof the success of the present convention.Resolved, That, recognizing our personal responsibility in theabove resolutions, and humbly praying for the help and guidanceof the Holy Spirit, we renew our pledge of a pure and holy lifeand an earnest zeal for conquest of the world.On Saturday evening the Conference listened toRev. J. T. Gracey, D.D., who spoke on "The BroaderView of Missions," substantially as follows :My conception is that " This is Jesus," contains the conceptof the entire missionary scheme. All the civilizations of NewTestament times needed the revelation that "This is Jesus."The Hebrew needed it. He had a religion for forty centuries,standing on tip-toe, — incomplete. The Greek needed it. Hehad letters and sculpture and refinement. But see the Corinthians! Rome's great emperor was cruelty itself. All thesethree became the channels from which this statement " This isJesus," was made known to the world.All these became the agents of the manifestations of JesusChrist, — the extension of the knowledge of Jesus Christ. TheJewish Church, — you know its relation to the whole world. TheGreek got hold of this revelation of Jesus Christ. He devotedhimself to it. He had a language and a metaphysical mindcalculated to deal with certain problems. He dealt with themfaithfully and developed them, so that there is no need totake and develop them more now. He dealt with the characterof the Father, and Son, and Holy Ghost. His bishops gatheredalong these Roman roads to decide these great questions concerning the unity of the Godhead, and the Trinity, and questionof two wills of Jesus Christ and all that sort of thing. TheGreek addressed himself to such,— everything regarding the502 UNIVERSITY RECORDTrinity, Unity, etc., the Greek exhausted. He has left younothing but to go to Theological Seminaries and learn what hesaid ! The Roman took it up. He dwelt with the questions concerning human order. Man as a member of the kingdom,— God asgovernor, as great ruler. He took up the question of inheriteddepravity; the free will in relation to the eternal thought ofGod. No Greek speaking peoples on this earth ever botheredthemselves about these questions. God was the Governor.When his law was broken, you must die. It expressed a specificneed and became a specific channel and agent of the specialand marvelous development of the revelation of Jesus Christ, —a powerful medium for the evangelization and conversion ofthis world.We have great civilizations. The Chinese have a great civilization. Confucianism has great ethical teaching. What areits needs ? Dr. Legge, of the Oxford University, for forty years aclose student of Confucianism, said : " I have yet to find a line,word, or thought of the expression, in any way, of love to God."The Chinese have not got it. The Hindu has great ideas. Hisidea of pantheism is very attractive. He has the other greatidea of propitiation for sin, —but it is incomplete. Look at theavenues of the civilizations of these times, as they anticipatethe world's needs. We have great and marvelous lands. Intercommunication uses all civilization. There has been a marvelouschange in the whole current of literature. All these popula-lations are getting their literature through Christian nations.The Chinese have intercommunication. The postal system is inoperation : letters can be sent to any part for five cents, andnewspapers for what it costs to send them across the city ofChicago. We are flooding the nations of Asia with our Christianliterature.Of the political powers, Buddhism today is not the nationalreligion of any nation under the heavens except little Siam.Politically it has gone out. Brahmanism is not the nationalreligion of any people on earth. Zoroastrianism cannot becalled such. Christianity is the national religion of this country.There is no other national religion in this western hemisphere.Nine out of eleven millions of Africa's square miles are underthe direct or indirect control of Christian nations. There aremore Hindus on the face of the globe today then there were onehundred years ago ; there is infinitely less Hinduism. You maysay there are more Buddhists; there is less Buddhism. Thegreat Mohammedan power is today weaker than it has ever beenin its history. Armenia still has its power and the Armenians area nation of such civilization and intellect and energy that theywould likely change the thought and life of that country. Thesultan understands it. He must be dethroned or these Armenians must be blotted out.There is a spiritual supervision. God has built the railroads,canals, and telegraph as agents through which his "gospel shallbe carried to the uttermost parts of the earth. Do we rightlyuse these God-given powers ? These are God's great thoughts,and part of this great economy in which you live.The closing meeting was held Sunday evening at7:30 o'clock, in the Hyde Park Presbyterian Church.The address was made by Dr. A. T. Pierson on " ThePower in the Consecrated Life of Theological Students." Some of his thoughts are the following :A consecrated life is a spirit-filled life. And the only way todiscover what a spirit-filled life is, is to look down into the realquestion of how the Holy Spirit of God is linked with the humanlife. The Holy Spirit is represented in the Word of God as havingto do with the disciple in his own experience,— as a spirit of lifeand liberty and knowledge and assurance and holiness and love and power. And the consecrated life is the life into which withmore or less deepness the Holy Spirit has entered in all thesedifferent aspects of his work. For instance, the spirit of life,I might say that everyone of these aspects of the Spirit's workhas a distinct symbol or type in the Holy Scriptures, or type thatrepresents it. For instance, the type of life is breath ; the typeof liberty is a well of water ; the type of water is the anointingoil; the type of assurance is the seed; the type of holiness is thedove ; the type of love is the fire ; and the type of power is thewind.You see what a marvelous subject opens up for us. God ispresenting the Spirit's work in this sevenfold typical characterthat you and I might understand what our relation to the Spiritis. Whence comes the consecrated life ? Take for instance life,— the symbol breath. "The body without the Spirit is dead,' *James said. Now take the idea of liberty. " Where the spiritof the Lord is there is liberty." I suppose most of us knowwhat bondage is. To say " it is a duty, — it must be done," is nota Christian feeling. When a man is filled with the spirit, it iseasy to do the will of God. He loses his yoke of bondage. Nowtake the idea of knowledge represented by the anointing oil.The Laodicean church knew not that they were wretched andmiserable. The Lord said " I counsel thee to buy of me eyesalve." The second and third chapters of 1 Corinthians showthe carnal mind cannot understand spiritual things. They arespiritually discerned. With regard to assurance. It is represented by the seed. How many can say with Paul, " I know inwhom I have believed and am persuaded that he is able to keepthat which I have committed unto him against that day " ? TheSpirit of God is the spirit of holiness, and the spirit-filled life isthe essentially holy life. It is a terrible fact that many are living sinful lives ; they know it and apologize for it, and call theminfirmities and other polite names. Dr. Gordon used to say " Iwould rather aim at perfection and fall short of it, than aim forimperfection and come up to it." It is a solemn piece of businessfor you and me to confess Christ and yet go on sinning. Is thatGod's life for a man? The dove is the symbol of the spirit of holiness. A great many see Christ as the Justifier , not as the Sanctifier*A great many have never known identification with Christ in hisdeath and burial and ascension. My dear brother, you have onlybegun, if you simply know him as a dead Saviour. He is thedeliverer from the power of sin and you must get your identification with Christ in his resurrection if you would walk with himin the newness of life. That is what I am trying to preach to all,having spent six months abroad and seeing several thousandscome together to hear simple texts in the Scriptures of forgiving power in Jesus Christ. I wish you to possess this spirit. Idon't think God cares a great deal what field you are in, but hecares what kind of a man you are. Where a spirit-filled man is,he is a power wherever his life is spent.The idea of love, whose symbol is fire. Fire warms thatwhich is cold ; purifies that which is foul. Love warms thatwhich is cold, and has a passion for souls and for God. TheHoly Ghost is a burning fire in the world. The spirit-filledman finds the love of God shed abroad in his heart so that itbecomes easy for him to sacrifice. The spirit-filled life is a lifeof love, and fire warms, purifies. We come to the idea of power,the symbol of which is the wind. It is one of the most mysterious things in the universe. Power is invisible and is known byits manifestations. In the natural universe, if you obey the lawof power, the power obeys you. If you oppose it, you aredestroyed. When you obey these natural forces, they becomeyour servants. As soon as you obey the law of the Holy Spirit,it will obey you.Now, I have spoken about a consecrated life. I have not saidanything about the suffering. The suffering is an inconsequentUNIVERSITY RECORD 503question. If you are a spirit-filled man, given the spirit of life,liberty, knowledge, assurance, holiness, love and power, yotiare prepared for every service or sacrifice. When God findsa vessel ready for his purpose — that he can fill with his Spirit —that vessel never remains unused. If you contend that the excellency of the power be of God and not of you, he will put youwhere he wishes, whether in some island of the sea, or in thisgreat city. All your faculties will be absorbed in God; yourimagination, your memory, consciousness, will — all your powersof will ^-analysis, acquisition and impartation will be in Godand absorbed in his service. You will know what life, liberty,knowledge, assurance, holiness, triumphant power of love, andpower of holiness are, and will breathe out one great hymn ofpraise to God.The closing service led by Mr. Luce was inspiredwith thought — "Waiting in His Presence, Isaiah40:31." Mr. Luce said :Tomorrow we are going back to our seminaries. There willbe rushing and we may be behind somewhat in our work as weenter our classes. Have all made clear in our mind just whatwe want to do ? Before we make clear what to do, there mustbe some convictions if we accomplish the most. Let us spendthe remaining moments in silent prayer. I will give you someof the questions that came to me today that they may directyour thoughts in silent prayer. Let us feel that we are in the presence^of God, and ask ourselves individually the meaning ofthese days to our own lives, and our relation to the seminariesfrom which we came.Am I conscious of anything in my life that has not yet beensurrendered to God ?Am I conscious of anything that 1 would not give up shouldhe ask it?Am I finding a growing sensitiveness to sin in my life ?Am I developing my intellectual life at the expense of myspiritual growth ?Is my life as deep and strong as is within present possibility?Am I satisfied to go through a single day without consciouscommunion with God ?Does my room mate or most intimate friend, see that I havebut one passion, and that is Christ ?How long is it since I prayed definitely that the Lord wouldthrust out laborers into the harvest ?Do I understand fully that to pray this honestly may be thethrusting of myself into some most needy and unpleasant partof the vineyard ?Am I now seeking to know the will of the Lord as to my futurework ?a Am I satisfied with the missionary interest and especiallythe spiritual life in my own seminary ?If not, what does the Lord want me to do ?What is the chief est ambition of my life ?Ube mntpersfrg of GbicagoTHE SUMMER QUARTERThe University of Chicago will announce the coursesof study offered for the Fourth Summer Quarter earlyin March. By the constitution of The University theSummer Quarter is an integral part of the collegeyear, and work done in the months of July, August,and September may be counted towards a degree byany candidate. Accordingly there will be no diminution in the opportunities offered for study and investigation. Every department will be in operation witha full corps of instructors ; all libraries and laboratories will be open for the use of students.While regular students are encouraged to make theSummer Quarter a part of their college course it ishoped and expected that many persons will enter TheUniversity for the Summer Quarter only, or for asingle term of it. The programme of courses is therefore especially adapted to meet the needs of suchpersons. Many beginning courses are offered, andcourses of study are so arranged that a student maydevote his entire time for six weeks or three monthsto the mastery of a single subject under the directionof several instructors. In this way a student whodesires to advance in any subject beyond the limitsfixed by the resources of the preparatory school,either for the purpose of anticipating some portionof his college course or to fit himself for independentwork in his chosen field of study or profession, canpursue his plan most profitably.For divinity and graduate students^ The Universityoffers substantially the same opportunities for ad vanced work in the Summer as during any otherquarter of the year. In the last Summer Quarter fourhundred fifty-nine graduate students and one hundredfifty-six divinity students were registered, the totalnumber of students in attendance being one thousandfifty-eight.For undergraduates and teachers desirous of pursuing studies for the bachelor degree the prescribedcourses will be repeated as wells as the elective workoffered in the Junior and Senior Colleges. Many ofthe courses will be arranged as 'double minors'(courses requiring two hours of class room work perday for six weeks), thus enabling students who canspend but one term at The University to get completecredit for the work which they perform.Admission to The University for the SummerQuarter is gained by examination. A detailed list ofrequirements is given in the Circular of Information.Teachers may be admitted to courses in departmentsin which they have given instruction, without examination, in accordance with a special regulation ofThe University.The tuition fee for the quarter is forty dollars ; foreither term twenty dollars. Rooms in the collegedormitories may be rented at prices varying fromtwenty-five to fifty dollars per quarter.A Special Circular of Information for the SummerQuarter will be sent after March 1st, on application toTHE EXAMINER,The Univeksitt of Chicago.ANNOUNCEMENT OF THE UNIVERSITY PRESS.THREE INVALUABLE JOURNALS FOR BIBLE STUDENTS.The Christmas Number ofTHE BIBLICAL WORLDIs by general verdict of press and public concededto be one of the finest numbers' ever issued from anypress.Among the Contributors for 1897 are :Dr. P. S. Moxom, Springfield, Mass.;Lyman Abbott, Editor of The Outlook ;Prof. E. L. Curtis, Yale Divinity School ;Geo. A. Gordon, author of " The Christof Today ; "and other prominent scholars.Single Copy, 20 cents. $2.00 a year. The First Number of the NewAmerican Journal of TheologyJust out. The only theological journal in existencewhich embraces the entire range of theological study,and opens its pages to every variety of theologicalopinion.Among its contributors will be found the leadingscholars of the world.Single Copy, 75 cents. $3.00 a year.The American Journal ofSemitic Languages and LiteraturesA continuation of the well-known "Hebraica."Devoted to the study of the Semitic Languages andLiteratures.Single Copy, 15 cents. $3.00 a year.All subscriptions and requests for sample copies should be addressed toAll Remittances should THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO,be made payable toThe University of Chicago. THE UNIVERSITY PRESS DIVISION: CHICAGO, ILL.