4»* GCJPAGE 99INSIDETed Haydonrememberedpage 22The Chicaeo MaroonVolume 95, No. 14 The University of Chicago ©Copyright 1985 Friday, October 25. 1985Gray pledges inquiryinto South AfricaBy Rosemary BlinnEditor-in-ChiefUniversity President HannaGray has joined the presidents of11 other universities and twofoundations in signing a state¬ment pledging partnership withSouth African universities to seekanswers to problems in SouthAfrica.Dr. David Hamburg of Carne¬gie Corporation noted that thegroup met “to explore possibleeducational initiatives that mightusefully flow from a cooperatinggroup of United States and SouthAfrican Universities and relatedorganizations."A statement prepared by Ham¬burg explained that the group ofuniversities and corporations hadfirst met because of “great con¬cern" over recent events in SouthAfrica. Issues that the group willexplore include 1) how to in¬crease educational opportunitiesfor black South Africans in SouthAfrica and the United States, 2)how to strengthen informationavailable about South Africa and3) how to investigate socialchange in South Africa.President Hanna Gray attend¬ed the meeting leading to thestatement which she signed.Other participants included Har¬vard, Yale, the University ofPennsylvania, Duke, Princeton,University of Michigan, NotreDame, Stanford, the Ford Foun¬dation, the Carnegie Foundation,and the South African institu¬tions: the University of CapeTown and the University of West¬ern Cape. The group met at Car¬negie in New York.The statement reads:The undersigned repre¬sentatives of universitiesand foundations, followingconsultation with the Vice Chancellor of the Universi¬ty of Cape Town and theVice Chancellor Designateof the University of theWestern Cape are commit¬ted to discussing long termpartnerships with South Af¬rican universities and or¬ganizations that share a de¬dication to a non-racial,democratic society inSouth Africa. We will ad¬dress a wide range of edu¬cational opportunities andneeds after there has beenfurther exploration of spe¬cific possibilities by col¬leagues in South Africa.The statement isolates the aca¬demic concerns from the moralissue of whether or not to divest,which is currently at the fore¬front of campus concerns atmany universities nationwide.Stuart Saunders, vice chancel¬lor of the University of CapeTown, and Jakes Gerosel, vicechancellor designate of the Uni¬versity of the Western Cape Townpointed out at the meeting thatUS universities will have to workclosely with South Africans inorder to find out what is neededand what can be done by academ¬ic institutions.Hamburg also noted that thegroup of universities and founda¬tions must work with the SouthAfricans “in order to explore pos¬sible paths to dealing with thoseprograms, especially where in¬ternational cooperative effortsmight make a real difference."Hanna Gray spoke of the state¬ment in Tuesday’s debate withJennifer Davis, executive direc¬tor of the American Committeeon South Africa.No other university presidentscould be reached for comment.JENNIFER DAVIS (shown harat and Hanna Gray debated “Di¬vestment and the Role of the University” before a capacitycrowd in Kent Hall on Tuesday. GIDEON D'ARC ANGELOU of C students arrested at Rock IslandMore than 11 U of C students were involved in protest actions at the Rock Island arsenal on thelowa/lllinois border last Monday morning. Eighty to 100 protestors were arrested of over 300 partici¬pants.The arsenal is the nation’s largest manufacturer of conventional weaponry as well as highly so¬phisticated military computer equipment.Different types of protest occurred at the three access sites to the arsenal. Six U of C studentsprotested legally, four students were arrested participating in non-violent civil disobedience andothers took part in illegal action to block access to the plant.The two women shown here were party of a group of women who, by stopping two cars in anintersection, chaining the cars together, and chaining themselves to the cars, blocked traffic to thearsenal. Police are shown here clipping the chains.Homecoming brightens weekendBy Alison InafukuContributing writerFireworks, a bonfire, casinonight, a free brunch and theJimmy Cliff concert are just afew highlights of Homecoming1985. Organized primarily by theCollege Student Assembly (CSA)in collaboration with the Qualityof Life Committee and the MajorActivities Board, the weekendcelebration features both newand familiar Homecoming activi¬ties.A fireworks display will pre¬cede the return of the traditionalHomecoming bonfire to Hutchin¬son Court tonight. Sponsored bythe U of C Cheerleaders, theevent includes refreshments, a pep rally, and performances byboth the men’s and women'ssquads. Also scheduled to appearis the newly-formed University ofChicago Pep Band. Fireworksbegin at 8 p.m on the lawn out¬side Bartlett Gymnasium.Ida Noyes Hall will be the sitefor the CSA-sponsored casinonight from 9 p.m. to 2 a.m. withextended mini-bus service till 2a.m. Open to all University stu¬dents, “Ida Royale ’85” will in¬clude roulette and blackjacktables, slot machines and a wheelof fortune. The event will featureits own currency—“Hanna dol¬lars"—which will be sold 100 for$1, and commemorative T-shirtswill be for sale. J.P. and the Cats will perform music of the 1950sand ’60s. while cartoons will beshown throughout the night. TheIda Noyes library, transformedinto Rick’s Cafe Americain. willserve finger sandwiches and non¬alcoholic cocktails.Two auctions at 11 pm and 1:30am offer revelers the chance tobid for gifts and services donatedby Hyde Park and Chicago busin¬esses. According to “Ida Royale"organizer Larry Kavanagh,prizes total an estimated $2500and include an autographed Chi¬cago Bulls basketball, two ticketsto the musical comedy “PumpBoys and Dinettes." three hoursof limousinecontinued on page threeUniversity asks for housing extensionBy Marcia LehmbergStaff WriterThe University has asked theChicago Department of Housingfor a two-year extension of theconstruction starting date for 10townhouses on its urban renewallot at 57th Street and DorchesterAvenue. The deadline for begin¬ning construction was October12.At an October 16 meeting of theHyde Park-Kenwood Conserva¬tion Community Council (CCC),Jonathon Kleinbard, vice-presi¬dent for University News andCommunity Affairs, explainedthat the University asked for theextension because it was havingdifficulty selling4he townhouses. Possible buyers were concernedwith the expense and interior de¬sign of the townhouses. and alsowith a controversial rental unitplan.The plans for the townhousescall for five buildings with twothree-bedroom units in eachbuilding. The cost for one unit is$300,000 to $320,000. There willalso be five unattached garages,each of which will have a second-floor apartment owned by theUniversity. The townhouses andapartments are reserved for Uni¬versity faculty and staff.Some faculty and staffwmhon! who have consideredbuying the townhouses have com¬plained that the interior design is not in accordance with the highcost of the townhouses. Therewas also dissatisfaction voiced atthe CCC meeting. As one man at¬tending the meeting said, no onewould want “to buy a townhousefor $300,000 when a house in Ken¬wood can be bought for thatmuch." According to Kleinbard,the high cost is due to the expenseof new construction.The rental unit plan was an¬other source of controversy. Sev¬eral possible buyers felt that theywere subsidizing the cost of build¬ing the apartments if they pur¬chased a townhouse with agarage However, Kleinbard saidthat “the principle lof the rentalcontinued on page three*2 The Chicago Maroon—Friday, OctoDer 25, iy85University askscontinued from page oneunits) was no problem, but the design wasobjected to. The major issue was how therental units were sighted.”The University purchased the urban ren¬ewal lot from the city in October 1983. Thecity changed its designation and sold it tothe University for one sixth of its marketprice, with three requirements. The Univer¬sity was to devise plans which would reducetenant density, sell only to buyers related tothe University, and maintain control of theland by retaining rental units until 1997.LAUREN MURPHYGeorge McGovern, shown here withhis daughter Teresa and granddaughterMarian, spoke on campus Tuesday. 1986. The current architectural plans arebeing reviewed along with other proposals,and some revision of the plans is possible. Afinal decision will be made in 30 to 60 days,when the University will present the deci¬sion to the CCC.Kleinbard also said that the Universitywill still try to presell as many units as poss¬ible, and that it hopes to begin constructionin the spring. If construction does not beginby the end of June, and the Department ofHousing refuses to grant a second exten¬sion, the University will have to sell the landback to the city.AOPi pledgesAlpha Omicron Pi, the only sorority oncampus at this time, recently named ninenew pledges. They are: Mary Lynn Birk,Daniela Cristante, Lana Drmanic, HeidiHandler, Stephanie Moran, Mariam Musa,Anne Scyznewski, Karen Travis and DonnaWelch. Pledges will be pinned this Friday at4 pm in Ida Noyes.The Phi Chi Colony of AOPi will be in¬stalled on November 23rd.CorrectionsTickets sold for MAB’s Saturday JimmyCliff concert read 9:00. The correct show¬time is 8:00 p.m.There were two errors in the Maroon ar¬ticle “Minority enrollment decreasing inmedical schools” (10/22/85). ErnestMhoon’s name was incorrectly spelledMoon. Also, the Acronym for the group Chi¬cago Area Health and Medical Career Pro¬gram is CHAMCP, not CHANGE. TheMaroon regrets the errors. Wrobel named CSA directorBy Rosemary Blinn and ThomasCoxStaff writersOn Tuesday, the College Student Asse¬mbly (CSA) elected Suzanne Wrobel as itsnew director effective winter quarter. Wro¬bel will succeed acting director Arthur Elliswhen the new CSA constitution takes effectin January.Wrobel, a third-year student in the Col¬lege won ten votes to one over David Feigewho was not present at the meeting, Wrobelhas been active in CSA since its formationand worked on both last spring’s SummerBreeze festival and this weekend’s CasinoNight.“I’d like to form a committee that wouldaddress just one issue on campus, thatwould study it, publicize it, and do some¬thing about it. One issue at a time. The CSA can do a lot to improve the quality of stu¬dents’ college life, too,” Wrobel noted.The position of CSA Director is an unusualone, Although in charge of directing themeetings of the CSA membership, the direc¬tor has no vote, except in the case of a tie.(The only exception is if a CSA votingmember is chosen as director.) The mainfunctioning arm of the CSA in recent weekshas been its Allocations Committee, a bodywhose function is most similar to SGFC, andwhose chair Larry Kavanagh holds the onlytitled position in CSA other than the direc¬tor.The new CSA constitution will change thesize of the CSA from 14 voting members to20. All current assembly seat holders willhve to run for re-election in the winter, andthe six new seats will be filled at the sametime.Homecomingcontinued from page oneservice and a party for twenty people ca¬tered by Morry’s. All profits generated bythe auctions will benefit the Ronald McDon¬ald House, a charitable facility currentlyunder contruction which will house parentsor seriously ill hospitalized children. SaidKavanagh, a third-year College student andCSA member, “Ida Royale ’85 is an opportu¬nity to have fun and help a worthy cause atthe same time.”Tomorrow’s festivities begin with a freebrunch for all College students. Sponsoredby CSA, the brunch will be held from 9.30am to 1 pm at McGiffert Hall, 5751 Wood-lawn Avenue. At 1:30 pm the Maroons playRipon College at Stagg Field. With a 3-3 re¬cord this season, varsity football coachMick Ewing feels the team has a goodchance of beating Ripon. “If we play well,we’ll win,” predicted Ewing, noting that theMaroons’ 1985 record so far is the best in re¬cent years.Saturday’s game will also include the de¬dication of the Edward M. “Ted” HaydonTrack at Stagg Field. Haydon, former var¬ sity track coach and founder of the Univer¬sity of Chicago Track Club (UCTC), diedlast May. Scheduled speakers include Presi¬dent Hanna Gray, Dean at the College Don¬ald Levine, UCTC member Rick Wohlhuter,and Haydon’s son, Jim, U of C track teammember Ron Molteni will speak for theteam. “Ted was like your grandfather andbest friend rolled into one,” rememberedMolteni. “He wasn’t big on pomp and cir¬cumstances but deep down I think he wastickled when people recognized his achieve¬ments.” The dedication ceremonies willtake place at halftime.The final event of Homecoming 1985 is theMajor Activities Board-sponsored concertof Jimmy Cliff. Well-known for his pop-oriented reggae sound, Cliff will be backedup by a nine piece ensemble. MAB pro¬grammer Dan MacKay called Cliff “one ofthe most popular names in reggae today,”and predicted a sellout performance. Theconcert begins at 8 pm Saturday in MandelHall.the major activities board presentsJIMMY CUFFSATURDAY 26 OCTOBER 1985MANDEL HALLcorrect time 8:00 P.M.(Tickets say 9:00 MAB say 8:00)Tickets on sale now at the Reynolds Club Box Office$5.00 Students 962“7300visa & master card accepted(2 per UCID)$10.00 non-studentsThe Chicago Maroon—Friday, October 25. 1985—3The Ch MaroonStudent Newspa rsity of Chicago"Truths about the real U of C tf Abortion protest results are curiousBy Terry TrojanekViewpoints EditorMany people come to me as an «xperi-enced fourth year student who has sufferedthrough the vicissitudes campus life andthey ask me burning questions of the day. Iwill now answer for the general public someof the most often asked questions.DOES HANNA GRAY EVERY SMILE?Only in official photographs.WHAT DOES SECURITY REALLY DO?They sit in parked cars and read thepaper.ISN’T THAT WRONG?Its better than them driving around whilereading the paper.WHERE CAN I FIND THEMAN/WOMAN OF MY DREAMS?At a state school.WE’VE HAD SLICED BREAD, ANDTHE THREE PRONGED ELECTRICALPLUG. WHATS THE NEXT GREAT AD¬VANCE OF THE TWENTIETH CENTU¬RY?Spam in an envelope, an idea whose timehas come.WHAT IS “CREW”?Something that makes you get up in themorning much like morning sickness.WHAT IS SEX?Preferably a spectator sport.WHAT IS THE LAB SCHOOL GOODFOR?About 50 new' undergrads a year.IS IT POSSIBLE TO GET A CLASS WITHA NOBLE LAUREATE?No they don’t take many classes.WHAT IS WHPK?An inside joke.WHAT WAS KENT LIKE BEFORETHEY REMODELED IT?Ev^r been in the Bastille? ARE ANY BUILDINGS ON CAMPUSSTILL RADIOACTIVE?No but the ground is.IS MY LIFE EVER IN DANGER FROMRADIATION OR TOXIC WASTE?Only if federal inspectors find out aboutit.WHAT IS HARPER LIBRARY USEDFOR DURING WINTER QUARTER?Many area grocery stores use it as a meatlocker.WHAT IS THE SOCRATIC METHOD ATTHE U OF C?Ever been pistol whipped?WHAT IS LIFE OF THE MIND?Letting your body get like Jabba theHut.DOES U OF C REALLY DO THAT TOPEOPLE?Actually many people already come herethat way.WHAT IS THE AIMS OF EDUCATIONADDRESS?Mostly dull.WHY IS THE QUADRANGLES CLUBCLOSED TO STUDENTS?Because the sophmoric crudity and gen¬eral moral debasement that goes pn therewould appall them.HOW DOES THE UNIVERSITY OBTAINMOST OF ITS MONEY?You mean besides subserviently lickingthe shoes of rich alumni and corporations?YES.Library fines.IS IT DANGEROUS TO GO HERE?Well this University has been the cause ofcancer in thousands of rats.WHATS THE BEST THING THAT CANBE SAID ABOUT THIS PLACE0At least its not in Milwaukee. To the Editor:Reading about the arrest of Russell Mill¬er, Paul Smith and David White, I wanted toknow more. They blocked an entrance to anabortion clinic. Nothing about that soundsirrevocable. They committed the seeminglyinnocent offense of convincing people, ac¬cording to the article. (“White declared theprotest a success as one of the protesterswas able to convince a patient at the clinicnot to go through with her abortion.”Maroon 10/18/85) This sounds like a veryimpressive victory for what appeared in thearticle to have been a mild, passive demon¬stration.But Miller, Smith and White, in their sup¬port of Joe Scheidler, “a militant Chicagoanti-abortionist,” show themselves to bedifferent from members of other morepeaceful pro-life groups. From their experi¬ences, the three were moved to action. (Whopaid their bail?) They are now planning tostart a campus chapter of Scheidler’s pro¬life action league.There was an interview with Scheidler inthe one-issue newspaper, the Patriot, whichwas published by Smith and edited by Millerand White. The goal of the league was de¬scribed as “non-violent direct action.”There is a photograph of Scheidler with, asthe caption reads, “his trademark, the bull¬horn.” In the interview, he states that “ifyou can talk to her, she won’t have an abor¬tion. Then if we can let her see some thingsand hear some things she’d have to be a realkiller. Or maybe she’s had 6 or 8 or 10 or 22or 30 or so many times they really don’tcare.” (Patriot, 6/4/85)To talk to someone, one does not need abullhorn. Scheidler’s means involve intimi¬dation rather than persuasion; from hiringTo Dawn, who speaks for all girlsTo begin with, how dare you assume thatit was a man who invaded your privacy. Theevent you attended was a sorority co-spon¬sored affair and at least half the people inattendance were of the female sex. As fornot being able to speak for the men at thisuniversity, I will humbly try.We find the majority of girls here not to beperfect social beings. I do not believe thatperfection is the case anywhere, but I willnot be so crude as to blame the case here onthe admissions policy or supernaturalforces below the University. If you feel thatto be the case you should either transfer orwear a seismograph machine around yourneck.To assume that the men (and girls per¬haps too?) will begin the violent overthrowof the University is something I resent, and. copter!i ■COPTER 1i-•COPIES-~_ Special Word— LtCf UKtNOTEPOOLS— we are geared to quickand LOW PRICES forprnre«ing— glass notes.—_ For details call: —L^—JWCOPY a detective to locate a 12-year old girl whowas going to receive an abortion, to organiz¬ing the heckling of Walter Mondale andGeraldine Ferraro in the 1984 presidentialcampaign (each of these actions was re¬garded as an “accomplishment” in the Pa¬triot article), and I cannot help thinkingthat such a man, non-violent though he maybe, would not be a little happy at hearing ofone of the frequent firebombings of abortionclinics around the country.I am left to assume that Miller, Smith andWhite are also militant in their cause. Whatmethods were used last Sunday to keep thewoman from entering the clinic? When sheleft, was she actually convinced or threat¬ened?These three, who seem to be so concernedwith human life, were obviously incapableof staying within the confines of the lawwhile defending their cause. This makes mewonder about what they did, and it certainlyraises questions about their cause.They want Scheidler to speak at the U ofC. If and when they can get permission forhim to come, I will be there to protest, and Iknow that I will not be alone. Or arrested.I am relieved that pro-life groups on thiscampus have had nothing to do withScheidler. I am also glad that the Maroonchose to cover this story. However, I do notknow enough about miller, Smith andWhite. They were surely arrested for doingmore than standing in doorways, “convinc¬ing” people. In your article, the word “con¬vince” must be between quotation marks,as it was clearly White’s suggestion that thewoman had considered her options andchanged her mind. But the article failed torelate that she had been terrorized.Steven K. AmsterdamI think many others do too. (I am sorry thatthe party was crowded and 1 am also sorrythat you were preoccupied with sardines. I,as well as others, were concentrating on thetuna.)Very few men will apprt<. ate being calledgutless wonders because y st maybe two outof four thousand (or .05% members of theirsex might have pinched you You knew thisI assume, but did you realize tuat after yourscathing remarks few of us ^ut ;ss wonderswill still ask you out on a date. (Then youwill be the one who will need to “get yourrocks off” in a non-sexual manner. God helpus all!) The fac that it did happen twice(some kind of world record?) does not meanthat the entire male population is intent onyour rear end. I for one am not.Platonically yours,A man from the U of CReZDLNDINSTANTAUDIOCASSETTECOPYINGSYSTEMFASTCOPY A 1 HOUR CASSETTEIN LESS THAN 4 MINUTESINEXPENSIVE30 60 90 120 MINUTEHIGH QUALITY CASSETTESAVAILABLEMIHHUR PERFECTMONAURAL REPRODUCTIONQ0py worksTHE COPY CEMER It. HiRPER C0UR15210 S HARPER AVF288-COPYThe Chicago MaroonThe Chicago Maroon is the official student newspaper of the University of Chicago.It is published twice weekly, on Tuesdays and Fridays.Mail subscriptions are available for $24 per year.The Maroon welcomes letters and other contributions from students, faculty, staff,and others. Anyone interested in doing writing, photography, or other work for theMaroon should stop by our office, Ida Noyes rooms 303 and 304, 1212 E. 59th Street,Chicago. Illinois, 60637. Phone: 962-9555.Rosemary BlinnEditor in ChiefChris HillManaging EditorHilary TillSenior News EditorKaren E. AndersonDevelopment EditorPaul SongSports EditorMichael KellyPhotography EditorTerry TrojanekViewpoints Editor Stephan LauTuesday Features EditorSusie BradyProduction ManagerPaul RohrCopy EditorAlex ConroyCalendar EditorGeoff SherryCollege News EditorStephanie BaconGrey City Journal Editor Gideon D’ArcangeloChicago Literary Review EditorAlan SierkowskiChicago Literary Review EditorPaul LuhmannAdvertising ManagerRuth MauriAdvertising ManagerJoe BarnoskyBusiness ManagerJaimie WeihrichOffice ManagerAssociate Editors: Elizabeth Brooks, Kathy Evans, Molly McClain, Ciaran OBroinStaff: Arzou Ahsan, Lupe Becceril, Tony Berkley, Scott Bernard, Mike Carroll,Dennis Chansky, Tom Cox, David Feige, Ben Forest, Michael Gorman, Kelly Hay-ford, Jon Herskovitz, Lauren Kriz, Lara Langner, Marcia Lehmberg, Charles Lilly,Jean Lyons, David McNulty, Frank Michaels, Melissa Moore, Lauren Murphy, RobNadelson, Karin Nelson, Phil Pollard, Terry Rudd, Kristin Scott, Matt Schaefer, RickSenger, Frank Singer, Sue Skufca, Larry Stein, Frances Turner.Contributors: David Feit, Alison Inafuku, Adam Robinson. LETTERNot all U of C guys pinch assesF0TQ ESSAY CONTEST!To Win a $2yMarshall Fields gift certificate. Lunch with th< <**<*£&*with the authors andgift certificate,j critique, write on "Whclt FdShiOII M6dilS tO M0^4—The Chicago Maroon—Friday, October 25, 1985■-GSB mixes economics and behaviorBy David FeitContributing WriterProminent economists, behavioral scien¬tists, sociologists, and anthropologistsdiscussed the fundamentals of economictheory in a conference last week at theGraduate School of Business.The conference was called “TheBehavioral Foundations of EconomicTheory” and was held in Swift Hall on Oc¬tober 14-15. The participants included suchprominent economists as George Stigler,Herbert A. Simon, and Robert E. Lucas.They questioned utility theory, equilibriumtheory, and especially, rational choicetheory and the assumptions it makes abouthuman behavior.The lecturers spoke not only on topicsrelating to rational expectations ineconomics but on the concepts of rationalityin Behavioral Science as well.Economic AssumptionsEconomists have long postulated manyassumptions about human behavior. Theyassume that humans use all their facilitiesand abilities to rationally act in their bestself-interest to decide a choice of actionsfrom a variety of options. Along with this,economists also assume that an individualhas perfect knowledge of each and every op¬tion from which to make his decision. Theseassumptions about human behavior, radicalas they may sound, have been the root ofeconomic thought since the 1940’s and theyare classified under the heading of rationalchoice theory.But recently, economists have beencriticised for confining human behavior tolimited situations and asserting self-servingand unprovable assumptions about humanbehavior. Economists are often criticisedfor considering human behavior only insituations involving material gain. For ex¬ample, although altruistic behavior runscompletely contrary to the self-interest ofthe individual, economists explain altruismas a long term plan to reap a future reward.And although many people would disagreewith this assumption about human nature,economists stick with this assumption, andthere remains no truly altruistic behavior ineconomics.The second criticism of economics is thatit uses a behavioral model so malleable thatany form of data can be made to fit themodel. If an experimenter shows behaviorcontrary to the theory of rational choice, theexperimenter shows behavior contrary tothe theory of rational choice, the ex¬perimenter is often criticised for not cor¬rectly specifing the situation. His data iswrong and the model is not, and as soon ashe performs the correct specifications hisobservations will no longer seem contrary.Obviously, this line of argument will notexplain all data anomalities. Furthermore,it smacks of post - operational rationalisa¬tion.' Critics of this type of economic ra¬tionalisation have particularly criticisedeconometrics where the data is often work¬ed to fit the model.Lastly, economists are criticised for notbeing able to discern the aspect of the en¬vironment an individual will respond to, ifonly because self-interests within the in¬dividual collide. For example, consider adrop in prices for a certain good at agrocery store. Economists predict that con¬sumers will buy more of the good, andusually they do but not always. Economistsassume a perfect market in which the con¬sumer considers only price, and consumersalmost always consider other aspects of thepurchase. Perhaps the good was located inan obscure location in the store, or perhapsthe consumers want the good only during acertain time of the year. Any number of cir¬cumstances could have occured to explainthe lack of consumer interest, and aneconomist cannot tell which one it will be.And this even more likely to happen if thegoods are immaterial. An economist cancorrectly postulate what will happen only ifhis assumptions hold, otherwise he playsthe odds as to the priority of an individual’soptimisations.Behavioral ScienceContributionsBehavioral Science has long been in¬terested in much of the same preocesses aseconomists. While economists use the wordself-interest, behavioral scientists use theword reinforcement. They answer theeconomists’ dilemma by constructing ex¬periments that try to control externalities inorder to avoid finding the many conflictingexplanations and outcomes that economistsoften find. This strategy necessarily makestheir explanations of rationality situational-ly limited, thus making it difficult forbehavioral scientists to extend their conclu¬sions outside of the laboratory.Economists distain this approach toworldly phenomena. They prefer to observenatural situations where economic agentsface real incentives and penalties, and theyregularly make predictions and conclusionsabout the world.As a consequence economists face moreambiguous data than that generated in alaboratory, and this leads them to fall backon their" theoretical tramework. They believe that aggregate consideration of allbehaviors will discount anomalous situa¬tions and the correctness of the behavioralassumptions evidenced. This often forcesthem to ignore some data and misinterpretothers. It is very difficult to make ironcladconclusions or assumptions about humanbehavior without qualifying the assumptionor conclusion until it is useless and withoutrationalising their anomalies until they fitany circumstance.Fairness in theMarketplaceDespite this dismal situation ineconomics, economists still adhere stronglyto the theory of rational choice when appliedto the behavior of firms. Firms, unlikehumans, must act as rational economisingagents or else they will be forced out ofbusiness. Firms seem to be freed of theethical and moral constraints that beset thebehaviors of individuals and respond only tothe discipline of the marketplace, legalregulation, or organised public outcry likeboycotts or strikes.This latter stimuli to firms has only beenrecently investigated and was traditionallyassumed under business costs. Firms havenot ignored it, however, and have longknown the benefits of a reputation for fairdealing. Consumer turst is well-patronisedin advertising and well-served indocumented industrial actions, buteconomists ask whether these actions are asmotivated by long-range self-interest or byan intrinsic motivation to be fair.Fair wage-setting practices were in¬vestigated in a study conducted by DanielKahnman, Jack Knetseh, and RichardThaler. They investigated the notion offairness not only in pricing, but in wage¬setting, and in selling techniques like auc¬tions and lotteries. It is not considered fair,for example, to reduce wages if theemployer is losing money, but it is not con¬sidered unfair to reduce wages only if thereis an excess supply of labor.’These circumstances lead one to supportthe Keynesian view of a “sticky” laborwage — one which remains stable even inthe event of widespread unemployment.One explanation for this uncharacteristicresponse can be found in the relationshipsbetween people. Since people are employedby firms and they themselves act in theirown self-interest they are not wont to lowerthe wage of a working companion justbecause another cheaper worker isavailable. The ties of person to person areresponsive to more than the prices of thelabor market. The mutual relationshio mustbe in jeopardy, i.e., the firm is losingmoney), before market conditions can beconsidered. This is a behavioral explanationand not one readily accepted by econo¬mists.In the same study these economists askedwhy consumers demand that firms actwithin ethical bounds. One theorypostulates stategic responding dependingon the situation of a individual consumer.That is, the businessman who raises theprice of snow shovels the day after a stormhas a different criteria of fairness than thebuyer of the snow shovels on that day.This hypothesis was tested on a group ofrenters and a group of home owners whenasked the following question:A couple put their house up for saleand receive three identical offers, at theasking price, on the same day. It is impossi¬ble to determine whose offer was submittedfirst. The owners invite the three interestedbuyers to participate in an auction, with thehighest bidder getting the house.Interestingly, the renters did not opposethe auction any more strongly than thehomeowners. Therefore, the results lend nosupport to the hypothesis of strategicresponding. Perhaps the housing market isspecial because many individuals act asbuyers and sellers (or at least hope to someday) and this could make the ethical con¬siderations stronger or weaker in thismarket than in others. More research in thisfield remains to be completed before solidconclusions can be reached.ConclusionsWhile economists continue to search for abetter way to explain human behavior, theeconomists’ approach to their fields pro¬bably will not change. The meetings lastweek reiterated the problems of economicsand a call for a search for an empirical baseto economic assumptions, but not the recallof the axiomatic procedure of economics.Economists will continue to change theirassumptions about human behavior in orderto make better models of market behavior.The strength of economics lies in its abilityto model and predict behavior of humansand human institutions, and as long aseconomists continue to model behavior,economics will remain an axiomaticsystem.(1) Hogarth, Robert M.f Reder, Melvin WConference on Behavorial Foundations ofEconomic Theory: Some Preliminary Com¬ments p8.(2) Kahnman, Daniel. Knetsch, Jack,Thaler, Richard Perceptions of Unfairness:Constraints on Wealth Seeking p48.(3) ibid p 16 Look who’sin HarvardPaperbacks.Emily DickinsonSelected LettersEdited by Thomas H. JohnsonA one-volume selection from thecomplete Letters of Emily Dickinson.“[These letters] present us with aninward view of one of God's rarer crea¬tures as we are likely to be given.. .Theletters themselves are as no others.The briefest line can be a mystery (and,when fathomed, a communion), themost formal note a sign...”— Times (London)$8.95 paperBelknapOrdinary VicesJudith N.Shklar“A distinguished book, full of wit,humanity, and insight... It is also, andmore importantly, a moral psychologyfor liberals.” — Michael Waizer$7.95 paperBelknapA History of theJewish PeopleEdited by H. H. 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The book can be confidently recom¬mended as a fair and informed accountof the commu nity of Marxist positions."— New York Times Book Review$9.95 paperThe LiteraryUnderground of theOld RegimeRobert Damton“The reader who wants a glimpse of theworld behind a very unusual literatureand an enlightening look at a famoustime in history will get an eyeful in thissurprising and entertaining volume."— New York Times Book Review$7.95 paperThe Warrior andthe PriestWoodrow Wilson andTheodore RooseveltJohn Milton Cooper, Jr.“[Cooper's] book displays the trainedhistorical mind at close to its profes¬sional best. His distinctions are sharp,his insights original, his judgments bal¬anced and his narrative unfailinglygraceful." —New York Times Book Review$9 95 paperBelknap The Supply-SideRevolutionAn Insiders Account ofPol lev-making in WashingtonPaul Craig Roberts“[A] timely masterpiece.. Roberts'chromcie of how economic policy wasformulated in 1981-1982 is eye-opening... It will have a real impact on economicthinking in the years ahead.”—MS. Forbes, Jr., Forbes$8.95 paperChoice andConsequenceThomas C. Schelling"Whether one is looking for evidenceand insights on the rationality or the irra¬tionality of man, Choice and Conse¬quence is one of the very best places tolook." —New York Times$8.95 paperAnimal ThinkingDonald R. Griffin“A book that addresses, directly or byimplication, a vast range of issues, suchas whether evolution works very well,what are we talking about when we talkabout communication and what kind ofknowledge animals have of each other ”— New York Times Book Review$7.95 paperThe Natural Historyof AlcoholismCauses. Patterns,and Paths to RecoveryGeorge E. Yaillant“[George Vaillant] is one of the mostrespected researchers in adult develop¬ment. Vailiant tackles key questions thatspecialists in the disorders have beendebating for years” —Time$9.95 paperEthnic Dilemmas,1964-1982Nathan Glazer"Indispensable to anyone who wishes tounderstand the domestic problems fac¬ing the United States in the 1980s."—New Leader$8 95 paperHarvard! PaperbacksHarvard University Press, Cambridge. M A 02138IThe Chicago Maroon—Friday, October 25, 1985—5MIDNIGHT MADNESSEvary record, tap* A compact disc ON SALEEvery label Including ■■■■LONDON PHILIPSMOZARTArias from Cosi fan tutte,Figaro, Don GiovanniELLY AMELINGBaldwinDeWaartEnglishChamber MOZARTSymphonies “Haffner & #40Marriner • Academy of St. Martin GershwinCONCERTOIN FAMERICAN IN PARIS jRHAPSODY IN BUIE ;ANDRE PREVINPittsburgh Symphony |PHILIPS!KIRI...BLUE SKIESNELSON RIDDLE AND HIS ORCHESTRA HANDEL • PINNOCKFIREWORKS MUSICEnglish Concert BEETHOVEN • KARAJANCOMPLETE M MPHON1ES11%1) VERDIUN BALLOIN MASCHERAPAVAROTTI • M. PRICESOLTIC ' . *.-A ‘ ,%— [ *DIGITAL3 LPs & CHROME CASSETTESBRUCKNER «GIULINISYMPHONY NO. 8Vienna Philharmonic MOZARTPiano Concerti in 0 minor,K. 466 & A, K. 488Alfred BrendelMarriner : Academy of St Martin\\ ^ ifHjm rm.-ph*.Tt -iCOMPACTDi®DIGITAL AUDIO DeutscheLONDON- PHILIPSCLASSICALBUDGETCASSETTESALEDG MUSIKFESTLONDON TREASURYPHILIPS CLASSETTE25 % OFFP ROSSINI• MAOMETTO SECOMH)Anderson • RameyScimone • Ptiilharmoma OrchestraPHILIPS>1 N1ANDOZZIBACH • HANDEL • 300 our low prices.OUR. TODAY7.78 5.838.88 6.438.98 6.7315.98 11.98FRIDAY10/25/85ONLY BIZET“CARMEN' SUITEFalla • Dances MOZARTCOSl FAN I I I I K\R\< >1.1) OST.MANl>K(»I I M\< .IK tl.M ITII \ IK I.OKCIIKSTK \ N < IIOKI S1444 E. 57th884 “ 1505 QPBN10am TOMIDNIGHTfi—The fhirago Maroon Friday, October 25, 198.'Cfiazfotte ^iCitTomczReaf Estate Co.YOUR PERSONAL BROKER AVAILABLE FOR COUNSELINGCall anytime! 493-06661636 East 55th StreetCHARM AND SUNSHINEwith a garden as well, across fromRegenstein Library, 56th & University.Four rooms, real fireplace, $35,000, willneed decorating.56th NEWEST ONEBEDROOM LISTING, lshape condo building. Not just fourrooms, but an extra sunroom. New kitchen - nice oak floors -sunny south exposures. $47,500.ANNOUNCING...CHARLOTTE VICKSTROM REAL ESTATECO., selected as agent to sell for several institutions!Foreclosures, estates and “close-outs.”Ask Larry about:“NEW PORT”, 4800 CHICAGO BEACH,1 & 2 bedrooms starting at $40,500.UNIVERSITY PARK,1 & 2 bedrooms starting at $42,500 - some with garages,studios starting at $26,500.5401 HYDE PARK BOULEVARD,2 bedrooms, 2 baths, $52,000 — An estate sale. Make a bid!iHYDE PARKHARPER CT. at 53rd St. 288-4900NOW OPEN!TOTALLY REMODELED!NEW SEATS, PROJECTION & SOUND.THREE NEW THEATRESPresenting the finest first runmotion picture entertainment.KRUSH GROOVEFRI., MON.-THUR.: 6:20 - 8:20 - 10:20SAT.-SUN.: 2:20 - 4:20 - 6:20 - 8:20 - 10:20AFTER HOURSFRI., MON.-THUR.: 5:45 - 7:45 - 9:45SAT.-SUN.: 1:45 - 3:45 - 5:45 - 7:45 - 9:45JAGGED EDGEFRI., MON.-THUR.: 6:00 - 8:00 - 10:00SAT.-SUN.: 2:00 - 4:00 - 6:00 - 8:00 - 10:00BACK TO SCHOOL - STUDENT SPECIAL*★ SPECIAL PRICE - $2.50 Mon.-Thur. Last Show★ The drinks are on us —FREE DRINK with medium popcorn purchase*with U. of C. student I.D.CHILDREN UNDER 6 NOT ADMITTED AFTER 6 P.M.S2.50 UNTIL FIRST SHOW STARTS KMBARK LIQUORS & VINE SHOPPEI ‘ ‘ ------ SALE DARES 10/2H0/M/BS>1214 East SJrd Street • In Kimbark Plaia 493-3355fiMOOSEHEAD6-12 oz. NO RET BUS$329 MICHELOB6-12 oz. NO RET BUS2/$5°° MILWAUKEE'S BEST24-12 oz Com$6°°RHOMBERGBEER/MALT6 pock. NO RET BUS,$A99 Vi BARRELSOLD STYLt, BUDWBSER,MILLER , STROKS$3695 BOCK ALE6^12 oz NO RET BUS$2"RUfflNOCHIANTI COLONY2/*6”KARWNAL WBNKHiERB so - MAUN CAKBCT$£99 tmmommi: MKXELSttftO SPATLESfTAY10#JCHARDONNAY $599 CALIFORNIA CELLARKORBEL SPARKLING WINEFRANZIAASTI SPUMANTE750 ml2/$1300;3/$10oo CODORNIUBLANC DE BLANC750 ml$4*9SPIRITSCROWN ROYAL750 mi>11" CHIVAS REGAL750 mle SEAGRAM’SGIN_750 ml.$4*»#SMIRNOFF &750 ml$4998 ft-nm / HENNESSY750 ml$llw AMARETT0Dl SAR0NN0$11*9asD 7UP 2 Liter $119We reserve the right to bm*t cyxsrtrht andAl prices lotaac’ to Federal Excise Tax Mor Thurs 8 om 1 am frt Sat 8 am 2 om Son Noon MidnightWe accept Visa Mastercard & checksAUTUMN QUARTERTheNORTH SIDEMAROON EXPRESSRIDES AGAINThe MAROON EXPRESS, our weekend coach service to the Loop and North Side,continues to provide affordable, dependable, and comfortable transportation for theUniversity of Chicago students, resuming Saturday October 5. The service w ill runfor 9 Saturdays, ending on Saturday, November 30.The Express will run to and from Ida Noyes Hall and the Shoreland nights, making3 departures and 3 return trips: the last two return buses will make additional stopsin Hyde Park. Buses will go to the Art Institute and Water Tower Place alongMichigan Avenue, and the popular Lincoln Avenue and Clark-Diverseyneighborhoods on the North Side.Tickets for the Maroon Express can be purchased with a U of C student ID at the IdaNoyes information desk. Reynolds Club box office, and the following dormitories:Burton-Judson, Fherce, Woodward Court, and the Shoreland. Individual one-waytickets cost $1.50 and can be purchased in lots of 10 or more for $1.25 each.Schedule for Maroon ExpressNorthboundIda NoyesShorelandArt InstituteWater Tower Place•Inner Lake Shore Drive& Division•Clark & LaSalle(1700 N)Grant Hospital(Webster & Lincoln)Diversey & Clark 6:30 pm 8:30 pm 10:30 pm6:40 pm 8:40 pm 10:40 pm6:55 pm 8:55 pm7:10 pm 9:10 pm7:30 pm 9:30 pm7:45 pm 9:45 pm 11:15 pm 1:45 pm•Courtesy drop-off stop: by request only. Note: No pick-up at this location.SouthboundDiversey & ClarkGrant Hospital(Webster & Lincoln)Water Tower Place(1. Magnin)Art InstituteShorelandIda Noyes 7:45 pm 9:45 pm 11:45 pm 1:45 pmMidnight 2:00 am12:15 am 2:15 am10:30 pm 12:30 am 2:30 am8:30 pm 10:30 pm•Drop-offs throughout Hyde Park, including Shoreland and Ida Noyes.The Chicago Maroon—Friday, October 25, 1985—7College NewsColleges still shut out black stu¬dentsIn a new report, the ACE foundblack students made up 9.9 per¬cent of the enrollment in collegeacademic programs in 1982, al¬though blacks make up almost 12percent of the population.The “chronic underrepresenta¬tion” of blacks in collegeclassrooms is proof “the problemof access for minority studentshas not been solved,” the reportsays.Yale marching band membersmay get marching ordersSeveral musicians mooned thefans at the Oct. 12 Yale-HolyCross game, and band DirectorThomas Duffy says that, afterviewing videotapes of the inci¬dent, he may kick the moonersout of the band.The week before. Army Athlet¬ic Director Carl Ullrich bannedthe Yale band from the WestPoint field, claiming the script—a parody of superpower spying—was “offensive and indecent.”West Point Commandant Lt.Gen. Willard allegedly toldDuffy, “if the band steps foot onthe field, I will turn the cops onyou and tear you apart.”Government denies New Mexicoprof, residencyThe Immigration and Natural¬ization Service turned down thepermanent residency requestfrom Randall, who renounced herU.S. citizenship in 1967 and livedin Latin America.While there, Randall pursuedher academic career, publishingwritings the INS said last weekwent “far beyond mere dissent,disagreement or criticism of theUnited States.”Randall returned to teach atNew Mexico on a visitors visalast fall. Judge says UVA not responsiblefor frat accidentA state court ruled last weekSigma Chi officers were not act¬ing as university agents whenthey planned a fraternity outingthat ended when a truck filledwith students and two kegs ofbeer overturned in 1982, killingtwo and permanently disablingThomas Stumm- who now issuing for damages.In August, another court heldthe U. of Denver liable for a fra¬ternity accident in which a stu¬dent was injured.Wayne state fires student editorWayne State’s PublicationsBoard last week fired another Pa¬tricia Maceroni for running aneditorial critical of U.S. foreignpolicy in Central America, andthen banning military ads fromthe pages of The South End.Notes from all overUMass-Amherst says it willallow a campus Halloween partyfor the first time since studentsrioted on Halloween, 1979...A Baylor fan had to threaten tosue before the City of Los Angelesagreed to let Baylor bring its ma¬scot, a bear, into the Coliseum forthe Baylor-Southern Cal game...Harvard Business School stu¬dents left a deactivated grenadein the mailbox of a classmatejudged to have made the worst“bomb” of a comment in classthat week, inadvertently forcinga building evacuation...Nebraska Wesleyan U. con¬vinced a Nebraska-Lincoln frat topay $1,100 in damages causedduring a recent panty raid.Colorado frat fires continueAn arson-caused fire at the Co¬lorado State U. Sigma Alpha Ep¬silon house happened last weekon the first night SAE had notposted a guard.It was the fourth arson case at a frat house in the state in twoweeks.Frat members at the universi¬ties of Denver and Colorado havereceived threatening notes, pur¬portedly from a women’s groupangry over alleged greek sexcrimes nationwide.BLOOM COUNTY Porn returns to Indiana UJust days after the officialsbragged their new policy of giv¬ing the names of those who spon¬sor porn films on campus to localprosecutors had kept dirty mov¬ies off the campus this fall, a stu¬dent group called the High TechFilm Series arranged to screen “Fritz the Cat,” a x-rated car¬toon feature.Michigan State officials, mean¬while, said they may considershowing porn films on campus aviolation of the school’s prohibiti¬on of sexual harassment.Film sponsors consequentlycould face disciplinary action.by Berke Breathed8—The Chicago Maroon—Friday, October 25, 1985Summer or Fall 1986WASHINGTONORLONDONINTERNSHIPSStudy at Georgetown University orRegents’ College, London.Applications for one-year programat the London School ofEconomics received now.Selective admissions. Accreditedcourses in government,economics, journalism and pre¬law by an outstanding faculty.SUMMER SESSION ONLYat Wadham College ofthe University ofOXFORDInquiries to:Mrs. Janet Kollek, J.D.Admissions DirectorThe Washington InternationalStudies Center212-724-0804 or 0136(EO/AA)Anti-violence Volunteers: CenterFor Non-Violence Education seekingfull-time staff. Lodging, $150/month,health coverage. Public interestgroup developing courses on non¬violence and operating NationalCoalition on Television Violence na¬tional headquarters. In Champaignnext to University of Illinois.Research, writing, office work,monitoring entertainment. One yearcommitment. Call 217-384-1920. .v&ivIn fact, we’ll even pay you more than $600 a month while you attend. That’s inaddition to paying for your tuition, required books and fees.It’s all part of the Armed Forces Health Professions Scholarship Program.And here is how it works!If you’re selected for a Physician’s Scholarship—from the Army, Navy, or AirForce—you’re commissioned as an officer in the Reserves.While you’re in school, you’ll serve 45 days a year on active duty, gainingvaluable medical experience. After graduation, you will serve three or moreyears, the length depending on the requirements of the Service selected andyears of scholarship assistance received.As an Armed Forces physician you’ll receive officer’s pay and benefits, andenjoy the advantages of working regular hours. You’ll also see a diversity ofpatients and have opportunities to use sophisticated medical technology.But most important, while you're in medical school we ll help pay the bills.For more information, send in this coupon. There is no obligation.YPQI Tell me how the Armed Forces Health Professions Scholarship ProgramI CO! can help pay my medical school expenses I understand there is no obligationMall this coupon to: Armed Forces Scholarships. PO Box 2865Huntington Station. NY 11746-2102 9Check up to thread ARMY DNAVY □ AIR FORCEPlease pont ail information clearly and completelyNumberField of Study Date I I I LJMo rfeiThe information you voluntarily provide will be used for recruiting purposes only The more complete it is the better wecan respond to your request (Authority 10 USC 503)The Center for LatinAmerican Studies and theOffice of the Provostannounce a speech by theMexican Minister of Foreign Relations of MexicoBernardo Sepulveda Amor"Mexican - U.S. Relations: Current Issues & Perspectives //October 28 Monday 4:30 p.mKersten Physics Teaching CenterRoom 1155720 S. EllisThe Chicago Maroon—Friday, October 25, 1985—9Berwanger coming homeFifty years ago this autumn. Jay Ber¬wanger,” the kid with the faraway look,”made an entire city literally ‘‘wave the flagof old Chicago.” People all over sang outwhenever Berwanger carried the ball,passed the ball, ran back a punt or a kickoff,made an interception, or brought down anopposing ball carrier. And he did each ofthese things regularly back in 1935 when hewas voted the first Heisman Trophy.Jay Berwanger is coming home. Ber¬wanger has been no stranger to campus. Hecomes back quite often to watch a little‘‘second era” football at the new StaggField. But Berwanger is coming home thisweekend not to celebrate the 50th anniver¬sary of his great season. He will be at thegame to congratulate Bruce Montella when he breaks the modern rushing record of 1004yards set in 1978 by Dale Friar.Montella has 996 yards so far this season,and is almost certain to break the recordearly in the game. Assuming he will gainthe necessary yards (Montella hasaveraged over 140 yards per game this sea¬son), he will join Friar as only the secondplayer in modern Maroon history to gain1000 or more yards.When Montella breaks the record, thegame will be stopped, and the ball will bepresented to him by Berwanger on theField.Chicago’s homecoming opponent will beRipon College. Last year the Maroons wontheir only conference game against Ripon,20-0.Volleyball drops 4 at CarthageBy Arzou AhsanStaff WriterAfter coming off a strong performanceagainst Carthage College, the U of C volley¬ball team went into last weekend’s Carth¬age tourney looking like a real competitor.They came out 0-4. Ouch! Fortunately,they're still looking like a competitor. Theymight have lost, but they played well.Chicago started the tourney with a toughmatch against the University of Wisconsin-Whitewater. Although Chicago lost (5-15,5-15) Head Coach Rosalie Resch feels “thatwe didn’t do too badly. Whitewater is astrong-hitting team and we played well de¬fensively, both on the floor and at the net.”The only problem was that Chicago didn’tgenerate a lot of offense. Statistically, it’salmost impossible to win games that way.Chicago’s second game that evening wentpretty much the same way. The Maroonsfaced another strong Wisconsin team (Osh¬kosh) and lost 7-15, 12-15. Once again, thedefense was potent, but-Che offense, non-ex¬istent.In Friday’s third and final game, Chicagolost a three game (11-15, 15-10, 4-15) matchagainst MacMurray College. According toPaige Thompson, this was a very closematch. “We should have won this one, but atthis point we were getting fatigued. We hadsome problems with serves and were hittinga lot of balls into the net.”The fourth loss of the tournament cameagainst North Central, a team they will face again next week. The score of 11-15, 15-10,4-15 is indicative of how the match went.The Maroons were right in there for the firsttwo game and then gave up in the third. “Ifwe had fought a little harder,” says setterLynn Bircsak, “we could have come homewith a win.” According to Thomspon,“North Central didn’t outplay us or outclassus. We just lost.” The general consensuswas that fatigue and the chronic lapse in in¬tensity that has plagued the Maroons allseason were contributing factors towardthis loss.But generally, neither the coacher nor theplayers were disappointed with the outcomeof the Carthage tourney. Yes, they were dis¬appointed about the losses, but not about theway they played. According to fourth-yearplayer Helen Gemill, “we were supportiveand hustling. We had some nice plays.” “Itwasn’t quite enough to beat the teams atCarthage,” says Bircsak, “but it was goodenough to beat the teams we’ll play thisweekend" (at the divisional tourney.)Last weekend’s matches were a goodwarm-up for this weekend’s divisional tour¬nament that will be hosted by Chicago atHenry Crown Field House. The Maroonsfeel prepared for the competition. Says Ge¬mill, “we’re really ready to give it every¬thing we have. The home court advantagewill be important. It’s great to have suppor¬tive fans. According to Thompson, “the skillis there. Now it’s up to us. We can still put itoff.”Rockefeller Chapel5850 S. Woodlawn962-7000Sunday, October 20th9:00 a.m. Ecumenical Service ofHoly Communion,with Sermon11:00 a.m. University ReligiousService.Frederick H. BorschDean of the Chapel,Princeton UniversityPreacher12:15 p.m. Carillon recitaland tower tour.10—The Chicago Maroon—Friday, October 25, 1985 VOLLEYBALL TOURNAMENT SCHEDULEFriday, Oct. 256-00 pm— Beloit vs. U-Chicago; Lake Forest vs. Ripon.7*15 nm. _ Lake Forest vs. St. Norbert; Beloit vs Lawrence.8:30 p.m. - U-Chicago vs. Ripon; St. Norbert vs. Lawrence.Ail games at HCFC.The Third StringThe Importance of being Ted HaydonDennis A. ChanskyI would like to begin this column with a personal note. Since I began filling this spacea few years ago, I have committed myself to commenting only on big time sports. Ihave hoped that these few words every week have acted for some at least as a link tothe real world of sports, outside of the university, and outside the parochial reach ofsports coverage in the city of Chicago. As of yet I have not written of anyone connectedwith the university, because nothing that goes on here now is big time, something thatyou would care about if you were at home and in no way connected to the University ofChicago.But today I am going to talk about someone intimately connected with alma materredemptoris, and it is someone who is truly big time, though he is no longer with us. Ispeak of our departed track coach, Ted Haydon. As you may or may not know, therunning track at Stagg Field will be dedicated to Ted Haydon at halftime of the home¬coming game tomorrow.Ted Haydon was big time. A member of the National Track and Field Hall of Fame.Two-time Olympic coach. Personal coach of several Olympic athletes and world re¬cord holders. Administrative genius-and/or-workhorse of the most active track club inthe country. Needless to say, Ted Haydon was an important man in his field, and somewould go so far as to say the most important.But the great thing about Ted Haydon was that he was never too important. He neverconsidered himself to be too important, that is. Almost every picture you will ever seeof Ted Haydon on the job will feature stop watch cords hanging in clusters around hisneck and swinging loosely from every pocket. Ted Haydon had so many watches be¬cause he timed so many runners. He timed good ones and bad ones the same, some¬times, I guess, at the same time. I say “I guess” because I am no authority on TedHaydon, having met him only once at a social gathering. But it seems like somethingthat the Ted Haydon I have heard spoken of would do.But all this is nothing you do not already know. The issue I wish to deal with todayconcerns naming the track after Ted Haydon. My question is whether in the long run itis the appropriate thing to do. Certainly, a dedication is la order on the part of TedHaydon’s colleagues on the entire family. And certainly the Edward M. “Ted” HaydonRunning Track will be a source of comfort and pride to Haydon’s family and students.But what about generations from now?You see, Ted Haydon was my source of information about the person that was AmosAlonzo Stagg. Now I can no longer ask Haydon any questions, r*nd _io one else currentlyin the Department of Athletics Knew Stagg. N^w ali I have left for information on Staggis the archive printouts of scores and plays, and a few anecdotes in a few books anddissertations. Because Haydon is gone, now Stagg is gone too.But what about when Mike Karluk, Haydon’s replacement as track and cross countrycoach is no longer here? A day will come when nobody around here will have actuallyknown Ted Haydon. But there his name will be on the running track. Some people willnot care at all. But some people will care a lot to know who Haydon was. And they willgo to the archive and get the story of scores and world records and Olympictriumphs.But will they get the story of the many stop watches, or the countless other acts ofkindness, compassion and selflessness that center around Ted Haydon. Will they intheir faint curiosity want to bother to find out about Ted Haydon’s commitment to so¬cial work and social justice.Ted Haydon, from what I have heard of him, brought his entire life experience tobare on his coaching. The UCTC seemed to be an extension of his social work. Will therecords established by the members of the UCTC tell anyone that? Probably not.So the problem as I see it is, that someday, some snot-nosed kid is going to havememorized all of Ted Haydon’s big time accomplishments, like certain snot-nosed kidshave memorized T. Cobb’s year-by-year batting statistics. And that kid will claim to bean expert on Ted Haydon. But he won’t even be close to knowing the real story He willknow only a few of the important things about Ted Haydon.Jim Ryun, 1500-meter finalist at the 1968 Olympics asked Ted Haydon to say a littleprayer for him before the finals. Haydon said he would. They bumped into each otherbefore the start of the race, and Haydon then said he would not.“Why not?” asked Ryun.Haydon answered, “Because I’m going to save that for something important.”CLASSIFIEDADVERTISINGClassified advertising in the Chicago Maroon is$2 for the first line and $1 for each additionalline. Lines are 45 characters long INCLUDINGspaces and punctuation. Special headings are20 character lines at $3 per line. Ads are not ac¬cepted over the phone, and they must be paidin advance. Submit all ads in person or by mailto The Chicago Maroon, 1212 E. 59th St.,Chicago IL 60637 ATTN Classified Ads. Our of¬fice is in Ida Noyes Rm. 304. Deadlines: Tues¬day & Friday at 5:00 p.m., one week prior topublication. Absolutely no exceptions will bemade! In case of errors for which the Maroonis responsible, adjustments will be made orcorrections run only if the business office isnotified WITHIN ONE CALENDAR WEEK ofthe original publication. The Maroon is notliable for any errors.SPACEAPARTMENTS AVAILABLEStudios, one, two & 3 bedrms some lake viewsnear 1C, CTA & U of C shuttle, laundry,facilities, park ng available, heat & water in¬cluded. 5% discounts for students. HerbertRealty 684-2333 9-4:30 Mon. Fri. 9-2on Sat.GOVERNMENT HOMES from $1 (U repair).Also delinquent tax property. Call 805-687-6000Ext. GH-4534 for information.7 Room apt; 3 bedrooms, 2 baths Avail. NOW$700/mo. Hyde Park area. Edwin Kay 288 8995after 3pm.Two Bedrm Two Bath Exc. Sec. Immed. Oce.New Carp. Ref. Req. 864-8082 or 440-4360. CONCERNED ABOUTYOUR WEIGHT?Research subjects who have weight concernsare needed to participate in a study of drugpreference and mood. No experimental drugsand minimal time involved. Subjects will bepaid for participating. For further informa¬tion, call Karen, 8:30-11:30am., 962-3560.FREE ORGAN RECITALSThomas Wilkman plays the beautiful baroqueorgan at Chicago Theological Seminary 12:30PM every TUES. FREE.5757 S. University.SEEKING TREATMENTFOR ANXIETYSelected volunteers will receive 6 weeks of freetreatment for anxiety at the University ofChicago Medical Center in return for participating in a 3 week study of medicationpreference. Study involves only commonly-prescribed or over-the-counter drugs. Par¬ticipants must be between 21 & 55 years old andin good health Call 962-3560 for further in¬formation. Mon.-Fri. 8:30 to 11:30am Ask forKaren.APHERESIS DONORSWe Need You. In the past if you have been anapheresis donor or if you would like to be one,call the Univ of Chicago Blood Bank 962-6247. FOR SALEConsider 1/3 share in special counfry home 120miles from Hyde Pk. Five beaufiful woodedacres, riverfronf and dock. Substantial 3bedroom house with fireplace, modern kit¬chen, screened porch. Shareholders rotateweeks. Joint maintenance. $24,000 Call 955-1248eves or leave message 955-1249.Do you send videos to friends or relativesoverseas? Convert them to PAL or SECAM atVideo Conversions International. Call forspecial rates! 726-6556.1976 Ford LTD Sta Wagon-HUGE 14000 milesoriginal owners-very rusty-good engine tiresnew brakes. Safe, reliable. Started ALL LASTWINTER 667-8803 before9pm. $400.79 Horizon 4 dr hatchback standard transmission new tires runs great-$1,100 firm Karen 962-8296.73 Volvo, good cond, call 962-6119, Michelle.1 BDR. APT. NEAR CAMPUS $19300 Balcony,Parking, Laundry, Garden, Storage: 947 9465ALL PINE BOOKCASESMade to order. 3 to 6 feet high; 30 inches wide, 8inches deep. Clear gloss finish. Sturdy machin-ed joints preclude the use of nails or screws, sosides are clean. $35 to $60 Phone 643 6557.UNSURE ABOUTABORTIONDO YOU HAVE OPTIONS? SERVICESJUDITH TYPES and has a memory. Phone955-4417.LARRY'S MOVING & DELIVERY. Furnitureand boxes. Household moves. Cartons, tape,padding dolly avaialbe. 743-1353.UNIVERSITY TYPING SERVICEWordprocessing and EditingOne block from Regenstein LibraryJames Bone, 363-0522Trio Con Brio Classical & light popular musicfor weddings & other events. Call 643-5007Hyde Park movers household & small apt'soiscount prices to staff & students free packingcartons delvd n/c many other services 493-9122.Humanology therapy creates mental spiritual,physical strength for you. Call R Gilkey RHTNLP 493-7328. Disc, to staff, fac, & stud.PROFESSIONAL TYPING SERVICE Goodreliable service; large or small projects.Reasonable, competitive rates. 752-6972.Voice Lessons by experienced voice teacherFor information call 363-6895.Typing: Mss & papers. 684-6882.BOOKCASES-Custom made from solid oakbirch or pine, and delivered stained, oiled, var¬nished or painted. Call David Loehr at 684-2286.TUTOR: English grammar, composition.Reasonable rates. Call 324-1307 evenings.Female roommate wanted to share double.Live cheap and close to campus at DU. 5714Woodlawn. Call Betsy 753-3444.Female roommate wanted call 288 5295 evening.SPACE WANTEDGrad seeks apt or room near 59th. Will acceptvariety of arrangements, after 6pm. 396 7357.PEOPLE WANTEDGOVERNMENT JOBS $16,040-559,230/ yr.Now Hiring. Call 805-687-6000 Ext. R-4534 forcurrent federal list.ACTIVIST STUDENTS and others. Earn $165-S300/wk helping low income citizens fight forjobs, housing and justice. Full/part time. CallACORN 9 noon 939-7492.Looking for responsible person to babysit parttime for 8-month old girl. Days and evenings.Call 947-0323.Federal, State and Civil Service jobs nowavaiiable in your area. For info, call (602) 837-3401 Dept. 826.Security guard Must be advanced grad stu-dent. Study on the job. Must be flexibleWeekdays, graveyard 4.25/hr. Call Jim 7528990 after 4.After-school child-care. My home on campus.3-4days/wk. May share. Good pay. Male ok.Call 241-7545 aft 6pm.Secretary with good word-processing skillsneeded by research professor. Please send vitato ISBP, 5741 Drexel, Chicago, 60637.Part-time salesperson wanted. Growing inGrace 1519 E. 53rd St.SCIENTIFIC WRITER to assist in the writingand editing of scientific literature. Part-time,self-starter, good writing skills, ability to workindependently/2-6690.PERSONALSSTUDY THE BIBLE by radio. Listen to"GRACE TO YOU" with John MacArthur onWCFL 1000 AM 8:30 am & pm M-F. WMBI 1100AM 7:30 am M-F. WMBI 90.1 FM 10:30 am MF.Rare opportunity! A singles ad right here!Cute, adorable SWJM, 34, seeks woman forwhatever, and more. Interests include dancing, tennis, Opus. Call Jonathan, 363 4506! FANTASY GAMERSThe Fantash Gamers meet Saturday at noon inIda Noyes. Novica and advanced players arewelcome. This week's games include Risk,AD&D. and V&V.HILLEL FORUMHillel Friday Forum Presents Prof John JMearsheimer Friday, Oct 25, 1985 8:30pm HASISRAEL BEEN SERVED BY ITS MILITARYOVER THE PAST 30 YEARS.LAPDOG VS. UOFCThe Office of R.E. Operations called thedogcatcher on "Midnite", the adorable blackLilliputian lapdog who served New Grad Hallas- faithful and friendly mascot. We haverescued Midnite from the pound and seek per¬manent home with kind owner. She prefers afenced yard but will love any quiet home thatdefends her from further trauma. Please helpright this bureaucratic blunder and save Midnite. 667-4940 or 753-1711, ext. 322.COLUMBIA UNIVERSITYIN THE CITY OFNEW YORK SCHOOLOF INTERNATIONALANDPUBLIC AFFAIRSFor those interested in the Master in International Affairs or Master in Public Administration, MarJean Knokey, Assistant Dean of theSchool of International and Public Affairs Columbia University will be on campus, Thurs¬day, October 31, 1985. Sigh-up at Career Placement Center, Reynolds Club 200. Small groupmeetings from 12:00 to2:00.WANTEDINDEPENDENT LOS ANGELS PRODUCERLOOKING FOR FINISHED MOTION PICTURE SCREENPLAYS. Established producerwith major studio relationshps is looking forfinished, feature-length screenplays. Pleasemail scripts with cover letter describing story,phone number and address to:Kelly Neal, 7011 Ranchito Avenue, Van Nuyes,CA. 91405. All materials not purchased will bereturned with letter of explanation.THE MEDICI DELIVERSDaily from 4 p.m. call 667-7394.Israeli Coffee HouseBesin the school year with one of the mostpopular Students for Israel ActivitiesLive Entertainment - FolksingingIsraeli Foods Around the FireplaceDate; Saturday, October 26Time: 8:30 p.m.Place: Hillel House, 5715 Woodlawn Ave.Cost: $2.50Sponsored by Hillel Students for Israel752-1127 Free pregnancy counseling with licensedclinical social workers. Free pregnancytesting also available. Call 561 5288. TYPING/EDITING w/IBM PC by formerCopy Editor. Quick, dependable. Call 324-1307eves.ISRAELI COFFEE HOUSEHillel Students for Israel is having an IsraelCoffee House Saturday, Oct. 26, 1985, 8:30 p.m.Food, entertainment & fun. 5715 Woodlawn. CHILDCARE, my home by UC, exp. motherw/refs. warm, loving, immed. Dalia, 493 6220.SCENESFICTION READINGS Come to Jimmy's 1172 E55 every Sunday 3:30-5. It's better than a Play!RECRUIT YOURFRIENDS!Groups of four friends who are recreationaldrug users needed for a drug preference study.You and your friends will be paid for par¬ticipating.The study requires that you andyour friends spend one evening each week torseven weeks in our recreational environmentfrom 7-11 p.m. Afterwards you will stay overnight. Only commonly prescribed and over-the-counter drugs involved. You must be between 21 and 35 years old and in good health.CALL 962-3560 Mon-Fri 3-6 p.m. for more information Ask for Joe.FEELING DEPRESSED& DOWN?If so, you may qualify to participate in a studyto evaluate medication preference. Earn $150for your participation in this 4-week study. In¬volves only commonly-prescribed or over-thecounter drugs. If you are between 21 & 35 yearsold and in good health, call 962-3560 between8:30 & 11:30 a.m. for further information.Refer to study D. Ask for Karen.GENERALOFFICEPermanent part time. Monday Friday. 1 p.mto 6 p.m. Errands, clerical, switchboardPrefer you have car. Parking providedMileage expense. Hourly rate. Call for interview. Loop location. 337-2400.AMIGA IS COMING256K ram, only $1,295.Call Cybersystems, Inc. 363 5082.MACINTOSH512K UPGRADE $299Upgrade your 128K Macintosh for only $299Full 90 day warranty on parts and labor. Freepick-up and delivery in Hyde Park area. Toorder please call 363-5082.Cybersystems, Inc.Developers of computer hardware and soft¬ware.NORMAL HEALTHYVOLUNTEERSSelected volunteers will be paid for participafing in a 6' 2 week drug preference study.Involves only commonly prescribed, nonexperimental drugs. Minimum time required.Volunteers must be between 21 & 35 years oldand in good health. Call 962 3560 between 8 30and 11:30am for further information. Refer tostudy N. Ask for KarenGAY?LES?UNSURE?We can't make decisions for you, but we willshare our concerns and feelings in an open unpressured atmosphere Tues. 8 p.m. 5615 S.Woodlawn.Specializing in Cantoneseand American dishesOpen Daily 1 1 A 8 30 P MClosed Mondov13111.A3rd MU 4-1062 COLUMBIA UNIVERSITYIN THE CITY OFNEW YORK SCHOOLOF INTERNATIONALANDPUBLICAFFAIRSFor those interested in the Master in International Affairs or Master in Public Administration, MarJean Knokey, Assistant Dean of theSchool of International and Public Affairs Col¬umbia University will be on campus, Thurs¬day, October 31, 1985. Sign-up at Career Placement Center, Reynolds Club 200. Small groupmeetings from 12:00 to2.00.WOMEN IN BRAZIL3 videos: abortion in Brazil, women heads ofhouseholds in Rio, woman organized school inRio slum. Wed Oct 30 7:30 Ida Noyes WLounge.ANTIGONE-CGTCONCRETE GOTHIC’S LATEST PRODUCTION Tickets on sale NOW in Reynold's ClubDiscounts for advance sales $3.50 with UC ID $4& $5 at door call 684-2319 for res.FICTION WORKSHOPA few seats open. Intense, unique, proven. Surnoon. Fee $195. Call Molly: 667-0673.LOX! BAGELS!Hillel has a brunch every Sunday 11 to lpm a15715 S-Woodlawn. Lox, bagel & cream cheeseplus Sunday Trib, NY Times, coffee, tea, & OJAll for $2.00.THEY'RE AT IT AGAIN!GALA hosts weekly discussion sessions to explore topics relevant to gay life 9 00 Tuesday at5615 S. Woodlawn Informal social hour tofollow.DO YOU KNOW WHAT'SGOING ON?Are you lonely or confused? Hotline listens andhas information and referrals. Call us 7531777, 7pm to 7am, 7 days a weekAPARTMENTSFOR RENTGRAFF &CHECK1617E.55<fcStSpacious, nowly docoratod1 %. 2 V». 4 room, studios &1 bodroom apart moots ina qulot, wall-maintainodbuilding.Immediate OccupancyBUS-5566The Chicago Maroon—Friday. October 25, 1985—111THE BIG WEEKENDOctober S5>S6,1985FridayOctober 25 8:00 p.m. FIREWORKSWatch for them near Bartlett Gym8:15 p.m. BONFIREHutch CourtRefreshments & RallySponsored by U of C Cheerleaders9:00 p.m. CASINO NIGHT at ida movesA Las Vegas Evening of Fun!Sponsored by CSASaturdayOctober 26 9:30 a.m.to1:00 p.m. BRUNCHMcGiffert HallFREE with U of C Student I.D.l :30 p.m. THE HOMECOMING GAMEU of C vs. RIPON COLLEGESTAGG FIELDFREE with U of C Student I.D.Half-Time: DEDICATION OF THETED HAYDON TRACK8:00 p.m. JIMMY CLIFF IN CONCERTMANDEL HALL85°° with U of C Student ED.Sponsored by MABOctober 25, 1985 • 18th Yearby Jordan OrlandoDavid Hare, who is rapidly emerging asa conspicuously prolific major British play¬wright. insists that Pravda, his new 23-character epic (which opened in May 1985in London to tremendous critical and popu¬lar acclaim) does not, despite its title,mean to directly compare modern FleetStreet with Soviet journalism. Hare theauthor of Wetherby, Plenty, and the newA Map of the World, denies, in fact, the ex-istance of too direct a connection betweenthe new work, which is ostensibly aboutnewspapers, and journalism at all: “As wewent aong it became less and less aboutFleet Street directly, Fleet Street beingonly a metaphor,” he explains in an inter¬view.' “ 'Pravda' means ‘truth’.” Theplay, written with Hare’s previous colla¬borator Howard Brenton (Brassneck,1973) and directed in this production byHare, certainly resembles a traditionallystructured, graridty scaled comic dramaconcerning events n the lives of severalcharacters deeply involved with Britishnewspapers. This Populated and broadlyplayed “comedy of excess” is a markedcontrast to Hare’s recent dark, enclosed,surreal work Wetherby or to such a nihilis¬tic tale of a fall from grace as Plenty.As Steve Lawson points out, “Hare’swriting resists our urge to pidgeonhole orlabel. His best works are icebergs, the sur¬face glinting seductively in the sun of ourcomfortable sightiines, while nine tenthsof the reality spreads just below the sur¬face.’’1 Pravda stands independent ofmany constrictions of the strictly definedpost-Beckett “rrtoderfi theatre” of Pinteror Stoppard, satisfying instead Hare andBrenton’s fondness for lavish, light-heart¬ed theatre. According to Hare, rather thancrafting a characteristically introspectiveand minimalistic drama around the initialconcept, “We both dream of the kind ofplay we enjoy see r.g when we go to thetheatre — big plays, full of characters andincident, comedies, taking on large sub¬jects — and we willed one into exis-tance.”Herein lies the st, ength and the impor¬tance of Pravda: it is a fiercely satiricsketch an entirely current expression ofHare’s constant bitterness and anger atdecaying British society, crafted into alarge-scaled burlesque; an OrwellianFront Page disguised as a three-hourOscar Wilde confection or a Broadwayscrewball comedy.The story of Pravda is the story of Lam¬bert Le Roux (Anthony Hopkins), awealthy entrepreneur of South Africandescent who buys a series of London news¬papers and rapidly fashions them into anempire of deceit. Le Roux is virtually un¬opposed in his efforts; the path of his pro¬gress is made smooth by the rogues gal¬lery of corrupt, ideologically confused,weak, embittered and inexcusably pomp¬ous characters he encounters in FleetStreet. A strong willed and cynical for¬eigner such as Le Roux may, in Hare's vi¬sion, quickly overcome all opposition andemerge triumphant, conquering throughwords and funds the voice and the soul ofa rotting British society. Lttfimately, theentire production le an envelope: inLeRoux’s scenes, Prava reaches beyondthe boundaries of It’s “comedy of errors”classical structure into an abstract totali¬tarian fable of ideological struggle, theachievement of Pravda rests within thecharacter of Lambert LeRoux, who InHarp’s vision seems not just a ruthlessbusinessman but ultimately a herald forthe downfall of British society and all thatit represents in the modern world.The atyfistic contradichons of the playfunction in harmony with its depiction ofopposing ideological forces. The firstscene of Pravda depicts in lavish detailthe “old world” of British journalismfThecluttered Office of the Latc'ester Bys¬tander, where the ancient drunken editorHarry Morrison (Ron Pember) listens tooperas while delivering his gospel of jour¬nalism to his protege, young, naive An¬drew May:Hang on to the style. Everythingcan go, but never the style... As ayoung man I forged new copy, f ham¬mered at words. I wrenched at them.Until one day it was kindly pointedout to me that what people wantedwas something that was every daythe same. The illusion of time¬lessness, that’s what we sell. On theone hand, on the other... Anythingelse and you’d stimulate people. It THE FOUNDRY OF LIEScan only compound their unhappi¬ness.3Lambert LeRoux’s first action takesplace offstage: the calm evening at theBystander is disrupted by the news thatthe provincial paper’s owner has sold itoutright in order to buy an American ra-cehourse. LeRoux buys the paper, wield¬ing capital from his lucrative South Afri¬can sportswear trade, and as the newowner ot The Bystander, fires Morrisonand installs Andrew May as the new edi¬tor. (He is played by Tim Mclnnerny, whoplayed Morgan, the mysterious visitorwho sets the events of Wetherby in mo¬tion.) After the ordered world of the Bys¬tander has been shattered in this way, theornate set vanishes from the duration ofthe play and LeRoux himself confronts usfrom at home in South Africa, delivering asurreal soliloquy from a dark, barestage:You are born into a tragic culture.Tragedy is bred into your bones. Acountry of almost Impossiblebeauty. From the very moment youare born, the sadness intects you.Like a mist hanging over the veldThe well-nigh unimaginable rich¬ness of creation is presented to youevery day from the window of yourspeecing car in scenes of almostpost-card-like glamour. Childhood,boyhood, manhood. These are spe¬cial things in South Africa. The hard¬ening of muscle, the sprouting ofhair. The coming realization you areborn into a divided culture. You feetall around you — and below you —the tragedy of the condition fromwhich you cannot escape.On one has tried harder than Ithrough my organisations to untiethe knots of cultural contradictions— black, white — rich, poor — us,them — but people who come fromEurope bearing simplistic solutionsignore the grandeur, the scale ofwhat we have inherited fromMother Nature herself.What I do is a natural thing. Thereis nothing unnatural about makingmoney. When you were born where Iwas born, you do have a feeling fornature. Animals, birds — they fuck¬ing get on with it and don’t standabout complaining all the time.Soon. LeRoux sets his sights on The DailyVictory, a patriotic “bastion of English cul¬ture.” LeRoux contrives a ruse by which heconvinces Member of Parliament MichaelQuince (Peter Blythe) to persuade hiswealthy mother to seii her stock in The Vic¬tory in exchange for a lucrative deal forQuince on uniforms for the Olympic cricketteam. Everywhere In the play, patriotismis twisted into a weapon for exploitation.LeRoux gains control of The Victory aftera meeting at a prominent London club withthe current management of the paper,during which the previous editor, EIHotFruit-Norton (Basil Henson), is removedfrom his position to be repfaced by An¬drew May, whose testimony to LeRoux’ssterling chataeter and qualifications as aneditor convinces the board to allow theaefe td LeRoux of the controlling interest.LeRoux makes an extremely food showof this hearing, managing to appear a a thequintessence of the beleagured entrepre¬neur. “People e«y, oh it is you who are ra¬cialist,” he insists. “But they wifi not dobusiness with me because of the country Icome from." The board is a coiiecfion ofStereotypes including a smut-obsessed©Shop and a vulture-llke collection ofbusinessmen, the entire meeting takingpiece in a towering minimalist set of aposh London club in which the waffs havevanished save for the grotesquely en¬larged sea of portraits of dignitaries andpast members. LeRoux scorns the Victoryprivately:Oh, I know what you witl tell me.The Daily Victory. One small part ofyour country that you will say willnever be for sale. An Everest of Pro¬bity. Unscalable. The only newspa¬per with England on its masthead.An institution like Buckingham pal¬ace... And as dismal and dreary aread as ft is possible for humanity tocontrive.” m.Indeed, as the scenes in the newsroom ofthe Victory chillingly reveal, there are tre¬ mendous resources of duplicity and injus¬tice in Lambert LeRoux. The final scene inact one has the previously civil and smoothLeRoux hurling an explosion of obscenitiesat the paper’s staff and firing almost ev¬eryone he lays eyes on. The last remnantsof Pravda's unassuming, conventionallypleasant tone are shattered in this sceneof scathing savagery, as LeRoux, an ab¬straction of Hearst, Luce, Murdoch andMcCarthy, in a matter of minutes destroysthe editorial resources of an entire news¬paper, reducing the staff to almost noth¬ing and ridiculing every proclaimed policyor ideal he is presented with. “We havecast out the bad,” he proclaims. “Life is afight between the good and the bad. Wemay, all of us, work together in a warmand friendly atmosphere...a temily paperfull of love. Let’s get the news on thestreet.”As events continue H&re shows in detailhow specific news stories are corruptedand distorted. At the beginning of act twoa young reporter submits a story about agroup of local women who, having recent¬ly formed a peace camp at a missle-con-struction site, were brutally attacked byhundreds of masked policemen. The scorn¬ful night ed tor wields his expensive foun¬tain pen and reduces the event to “Mid¬dle-aged women who squatted illegally.”As the editing continues police previously“Mounhng an attack” are now “defend¬ing themselves,” and did not “destroy thecamp” but merely “Cleared the site quick¬ly and efficiently.”When the Victory s editor Andrew Mayreceives a leak consisting of a Ministry ofDefence classified document concerningthe hazards of leaking flasks of plutoni¬um, Pravda shows in chilling detail exact¬ly how such news can be hidden. One re¬porter close to the minister explains howthe confidence of Parliament can only bemaintained through editorial silence:He told me everything, he told menothing A perfect English arrange¬ment. I met with the minister. I amfree to disclose this about the meet¬ing. It never took place. Everythingthat happened did not happen. I waspresent at a meeting at which no onemet. Only I know the truth of thisstory, because I am a lobby corre¬spondent; but if I report the truth ofthis story, I am no longer a lobbycorrespondent. The only way youcan have the confidence of Ministersis to have the confidence never to re¬peat what the ministers say.After this reporter has continued torage about “some little disloyal sewer-rat— who put his...her?...put her pathetic lit¬tle conscience on a pedestal in front ofhis..her..duty to the national security,”Andrew May decides in a burst of idealismto fire him and publish the story, butabruptly Lambert LeRoux and his en¬tourage arrive and in a series of swift ac¬tions halt the publication. Michael Quince,frie member of Parliament, is outraged atthe potential lawlessness implicit in pub¬lishing state secrets:The law is above atl. inexorable,beautiful, harsh, even-handed, atnsolute The law in M its majesty, itsIcy spendour, the sun shining behindthe mountain top of British justice...! |feel strongly about this l was bee-ten at school.LeRoux halts publication, deciding tosend the document back unread and pub¬licly condemn the person who leaked it. Hefires Andrew May. insisting that he hasdone nothing for the Victory based on freethought:I provided the formula. It workedin South Africa. Page one, the PrimeMinister. Page two, actors. Pagethree, gossip, the veld, what you callthe countryside, a rail crash ifyou’re lucky. Pour, technology.-Five,sex, sex crimes, court cases Filler,editorials, letters. All pleasinglylike-minded, all from Kent. Sixpages of sport. On the back page, alot of weather and something nastyabout the Opposition. There you are.The only .bit I hate is all the foreigncorrespondence* They’re outsideyour control, they bring extraneoussuffering, complexity., I . never lookat their half-page.Andrew exits, vowing revenge on LeRoux, who claims that “the best friendships arefounded on distrust,” adding that he ispuzzled why alt his enemies seem to lackthe backbone to just shoot him rather thanwriting “books that are remaindered atFoyles.”The remainder of Pravda is concernedwith the attempt by Andrew May, MichaelQuince, Elliot Fruit-Norton, and all the restof LeRoux s enemies to topple his empire.Andrew's wife tries to dissude them, in¬sisting that “nothing can be said throughthese (papers)...But you musn't get ob¬sessed. It’s wrong. Think of somethingelse. You’re like the White Russians, inexile after the revolution. The Victory is Insomeone else's hands.” One of LeRoux’sassistants sells them information from theSouth African's past guaranteed to bescandalous and wreck his career, but atthe last moment, after this information ispublished. LeRoux reveals that he has ar¬ranged the entire affair In order to bringhis enemies literally to their knees with aseries of crippling lawsuits. Again on abare stage. Andrew May and LambertLeRoux have their idea ogica' showdown:Andrew: We want to be rid of you.Rid the whole country of you. Thisperpetual distortion of tru’h Ithas an effect. This contempt forbalance Facts! Because of youpeople’s minds are clogging...silt¬ing up with falsehood.LeRoux Delusions. Does nobodysee? What on earth is all this stuffabout- the truth? Truth’7 Why,where everywhere you go peopletett lies. “Everyone can teii lies ex¬cept newspapers They’re theuniversal scapegoat for every¬body else s evasions and inade¬quacies. tt is a totally unworkableview of the world!...You are ailweak because you do not knowwhat you believe...You neverbegan to try and understand me.To see what I wanted. Which wasquite simple. To show you all reali¬ty. See things as they truly are.None of you admit it. See it as it isTo everyone l pose a question. Iam the question...The conclusion ot Pravda descends ntoabstract nightmare. To absolve his >egaiobligations,' Andrew May leaves his wifeand allows himself to be drawn back intoLeRoux’s influence. In the final scene,LeRoux fires dozens of people and com¬bines all his newspapers into one entity,filling the stage with swarms of reportershoisting chairs and creating a gargantuannewsrooms. Andrew plunges into themaelstrom and begins to shout orders. “Icome to this country to organise yourlives,” says LeRoux. “I do nothing. Peoplefall before me as if they have been wait¬ing.” As the lights go down, LeRoux turnsto the audience and shouts, Welcome tothe foundry of lies.”Despite the outlandish quality of certainaspects of the play. Hare claims a certainamount Of accuracy. His source was ArnoldWesker's book Journey into Journalism(Wesker was at the Sunday Times whenHarofd Evens was running it: His wife isTina Brown, editor of Tattler and note theAmerican V&nty Fair.) Wesker Is. accord¬ing to Hare, "the best factual account ofwhat being art observer on a paper is actu¬ally WWCI Hare’s Interview commentaryon Pmnfa is confined to a discussion ofJournalistic ethics: ”Why are ail thepapers so willing to get into bed with the■government? Or with this particular gowarnment? ft’s usually proprietors who getfilsmed — we re not so ante! In BeetStreet, it’s convenient for journalists toblame everything on proprietors.”The significance of Pravda, again, ex¬tends beyond the confines of journalisticCommentary. This unusual foray intolarge-scale black comedy has providedHare with the means to convey a vivid andnightmarish expansive picture of a Britishsociety rotten at the core. Pravda is a cru¬cial addition to Hare’s canon of works andan innovative, brtHiantty concieved play.’Hare's comments, except where noted,drawn from “Hare and Brenton: an Inter¬view,” published in the program of theLondon production of Pravda.3Lawson, Steve, “Hare Apparent." FHmrnmmpnf October 1985, p. 19.’All excerpts from the play drawn from thepublished text Pravda, by Howard Bren¬ton and David Hare Methuen publishing,London, 1985.nAnUiliVj VJoLITERARY REVIEWBAD POETRYGOOD POETRY,$33 for The Best Poem$33 for The Worst Poem$33 for The Greatest DisparityBetween Two PoemsContest Rules: Poets must dearly mark the category in which they are entering their poemts).The same poem may not be entered in more than one category, except in the case where a poet,having entered poems in first two categories, wishes to submit the pair for consideration in thethird. Alt entries to the third category must, of course, be in pairs, with the poet dearly specifyingwhich of the two poerr s is the ‘ better one”. Poets may enter as often as they wish. Contest win¬ners will be published in the fall CLR.Enter anonymously or pseudonymousty and include a sealed envelope containing your real nameand address with your submission. Any questions concerning the contest can be directed to theeditor during office hours (Tues. 7-9p) or at 962-95SS.Send submissions by Nov. 18 to: Chicago Literary Review1212 E. 59th St. Chicago. IL 60637 or drop them off in ouroffice in Ida Noves 303.The University of ChicagoDEPARTMENT OFANATOMY SEMINARPRESENTSLECTURES ON THESTRUCTURE OF LIFESPEAKER:MARTIN FEDERTOPIC“HOW ANIMALS BREATHEWITH THEIR SKIN”DATE: Tuesday, October 29, 1985TIME: 8:00 p.m.PLACE: Anatomy, Room 104THE LECTURE IS INTENDED FOR GENERAL A UDIENCES. Q: What year was thelast V*W. Beetlesold in thiscountry?A: Call the RubyHotline for all yourautomobilequestions*DIAL: 684-RUBY(the 1979 Beetle Convertible) INCLUDES 50 COPIES ON24 LB CLASSIC LAID BONDSELECTION OF ATTRACTIVE PAPERS , •gopyworfoThe Copy Center in Harper Court5210 S HARPER AVENUE • 258 2233Hours VON 8 Rl 8 30 AM 6 PM SAT 'CAM S PMTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGOTHE DIVISION OF THE SOCIAL SCIENCESandTHE DEPARTMENT OF SOCIOLOGYpresentA Symposium in Honor ofEDWARD SHILSDurmfuuMtJ Sfr.Kr PniruarTie Committor om Stem! Thoafni jag Mr Drpgnmrat at SanataQThe L'ar.mtrr it ChtcgfiHonorary Frihoc Prrmaair ColhfrCjmgrufr L 'ar.miryV* AUTHORITY<f INTELLECTUALENTERPRISES w * CENTERFriday, October 25,19851:30 p.m.Swift Hall. Third Floor Lecture RoomPresiding EDWARD O. LAUMANNOran, thr Dr.umn w the SorulSnmcaanJ Prnnsor thr Oturrmni orWiomfi: Thr i hr.mm it ChirjfiSpeakers. PAUL OSKAR KRISTELLERPnmior F.mmrui thr Oitanmmi <</ Phimitohx. Co/umnu L hr.rnrrrCURRENT PROBLEMS OF THL UNIVERSITYAND HUMANISTIC SCHOLARSHIPDAVID MARTINPremier thr Orrunmmt olSono/ofx IjrnJon £ hoe/ or Esonemia and Political SnmnBELIEF AND INQUIRY:SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCESFRIEDRICH TENBRUCKPmtrtnor thr Orptnmnt u Sanolfx The L nr.mitv ol Thom pmWHEN MEMORY FAILS: SCIENCE BETWEENPROGRESS AND LOSS OE AUTHORITYRound Table: ModeratorWILLIAM JULIUS WILSONDiscussantsS. CHANDRASEKHAR • M1RCEA EL1ADF.SAUNDERS MAC LANE • ARNALDO MOMIGL1ANOEDWARD SHILSProfessors. Thr i nnmity of ChicagoRespondentsPAUL OSKAR KRISTELLER • DAV ID MARTINFRIEDRICH TENBRUCK2—FRIDAY, OCTOBER 25, 1985—GREY CITY JOURNALDESPERATELY SEEKING SOHO (STILL)by Bob TravisAfter Hours, Martin Scorsese 's latest18 a comedy of errors that playswJih one man's neurotic search for af¬fection. Briefly, Paul Hackett (GriffinOaone), 8 computer programmer,meets Mercy (Rosanna Arquette) in atoffee shop and arranges to see herMfcjir Linder the guise of buying athrowaway art object. Paul finds out8Y0t MMf M Being through a separation,ceeeet handle her emotionalttapeeBtftey, end leaves His exit,thoeffi, become* a probtem When helosee Mt money and it thua fencerecpowerteea. Feet find* himaeff In aQmy City Journal 25 October 85Staff: Steyen Amsterdam, Abigail Asher, Heather Blair, Michele Bon-narens, Jeff Brtll, Carole Byrd, Gideon D’Arcangelo, Frederick Dolan,Anjali Fedson, Dierdre Fretz, Irwin Keller, Stefan Kertesz, Bruce King,Mike Kotze, Nadine McOann, David McNulty, David Miller, PatrickMoxey, Brian MuiHgsn, Jordan Prtando, John Porter, Geoffrey Rees,Max Renn, Paul Reubens, Uwtttoee Rocke, Laura Saltz, Rachel Saltz,Ann Schaefer, Wayrft Scott, Mark Toma, Bob Travis, Ken Wissoker, RickWojcik.Production: Abigail Asher, Stephanie Bacon, Gideon O'Arcangelo, LauraSaltzEditor: Stephanie Bacon.Billy Cobham Jazz lost Billy to the bigbuck pop scene, and it's far too bad.Chances are, though, if you pay themoney Park West wants, you’ll hearsome of his real music. Tonight at7:30 and 11 for a lot of money (callthe Park West to find out) 322 W.Armitage, 929-5959 —DMcNOtis Clay & the Chicago Fire Biddy Mul¬ligan’s calls Otis the king of deepsoul and blues. Judge for yourselftonight and hear Otis and his bandplay tunes from his latest album,“Live Again.” Biddy Mulligan’s7644 N. Sheridan, 761-6532Johnny Moe & the Returns Tonight atthe Roxy, 1 505 W Fullerton472-8100The Mighty Diamonds Appearing withTony “Big Red” Aikens at the Vic to¬night at 8. Tickets $8. 3145 N. Shef¬field, 472-0366CSO We’ve got one of the best sym¬phony orchestras in the world. If youcan make it down to Orchestra Hallby 2 today or by 3 Sunday, you'llhear and see Klaus Tennstedt con¬ducting Shostakovich and Mahler.220 S. Michigan, 435-8122Diverse Arts Ensemble Tonight and to¬morrow, 8 pm at Link’s Hall, 3435 N.Sheffield, 784-2315Lyric Opera of Chicago Tonight it’s Han¬del’s Samson at the Civic OperaHouse, 20 N. Wacker, 332-2224Jimmy Cliff If you can’t get a ticket forSaturday’s Mandel Hall concert, youcan catch his show at the BismarkTheater tonight at 8. Randolf andLaSalle, 666-6667Todd Rundgren If you don't even wantto check out Jimmy Cliff go see Toddat the Bismark Sat at 8. Randolf andLaSalle, 666-6667Magic Slim & the Teardrops AtB.L.U.E.S. Fri and Sat. 2519 N Halst-ed 528-1012Rumorz will play nothing but Rock-n-Roll at the International House Hal¬loween Party, Saturday, 9 p.m at1414 E 59th St, $4 without costume,$3 with costumeDave Major & the Minors Get sentimen¬tal at Rick's Cafe Americain Fri andSat. Find Rick’s inside the HolidayInn at 644 N. Lake Shore Drive.943-0648ONO Experimental music, appearingwith D-Section at Paradise (?) 2848N Broadway, Sat. 871-4200Tokyo String Quartet Performing Beeth¬oven Sunday at Weinstein Auditori¬um at the National College of Educa¬tion, 2840 Sheridan in Wilmette.Call for times. 835-5084Modern Times (Charlie Chaplin, 1936)Charlie Chaplin’s zany film is an ab¬surdist vision of the machine ageand a brilliant satire of overconfor¬mity. A factory worker who tightensbolts on an assembly line is set uponby bosses, workers, bureaucrats,police, dogs, and machines. A light¬hearted classic. Sunday at 8 p.m. In¬ternational House. $2.50—BTMuddy River (Kohei Oguri, 1981) Thestory of a young boy growing up inan Osaka backwater revives thelargely lost art of “shomin-geki”(ordinary life) films with a compas¬sion that recalls the master Ozu. Liv¬ing on a small docked boat with hismother, the boy watches curiouslyas a host of strange “guests” paytheir visits. His lonely existencetakes a happier turn when anotheryoungster befriends him and shareshis adventures...until his mother de¬cides they must once again put outfor unknown shores. The film wasthe 1981 Academy Award nomineefrom Japan for best foreign film.Tuesday, 5:30 p.m. at the ChicagoPublic Library Cultural Center, 78 E.Washington. 346-3278Th« Cabinet of Dr. Caligari (RobertWiene, 1919) Wiene isolates the au¬dience’s perspectives, eerie lightsand shadows, and an angular, tuary at University Church, MariaTheresa and Juan Jose Gomez (nottheir real names) will describe theirplight, and the continuing repres¬sion in Guatemala. Lawyer SusanGzesh will discuss the crackdownagainst the sanctuary movement inthe United States. Wednesday at7:30 pm, Reynolds Club NorthLounge. Sponsored by CAUSE.THEATERThe Last Issue of the Spirit by Steven K.Amsterdam and Timeout by AlanEnzer. The Other ’Theater Group'sfirst offering is the resuft of a con¬test held by the group fast year.These are two student written one-act plays, directed by boardmember Paul Reubens. So if youwant to see student-written, ac\ed,directed and produced theater, hereis your chance. Fri and Sat in theReynolds Club 3rd floor theater.962-7300, $2.50, $3.Heartbreak House by George BernardShaw. Sorry—this is Court Theater’sfifth season, not sixth. Now that youknow that...Thru Nov. 3 at CourtTheatre, 5535 S. Ellis Avenue753-4472, $12-$14.The Government Inspector by NikolaiGogol. Khlestakov isn’t a govern¬ment inspector, but no one knowsexcept the mayor, who takes advan¬tage of the general ignorance. ThruNov. 10 at the Goodman Theatre.200 S. Columbus Drive. 443-4940.$15-$25.Seventy Scenes of Halloween by Jef¬frey M. Jones. “A big miss...The ma¬terial is fairly interesting, but noth¬ing is done with it—it just laysthere" (GCJ, Oct 18) Thru Nov 17 atthe Goodman Theatre, 200 S. Colum¬bus Drive 443-3800Film Noir by Howard Casner. This is thesort of thing that makes peopleargue over the legitimacy of filmtricks in stage productions and soon. Is it worth arguing about? Thisplaywright doesn't seem to think so.Thru Oct. 31, at the CommonsTheatre, 1020 W-. Bryn Mawr Ave769-5009, $4II Vecchio by Frank Melcori andLiorvIBottari. It’s set in Italy, and the pro¬tagonist appears to want to getout., there's not much else I can tellabout this. Presented by Pros Artstonight and tomorrow, at 1000 W.20th Place. 226-2990, $5.The Infernal Machine by surrealist ge¬nius/maniac Jean Cocteau. A retell¬ing of the Oedipus tragedy. ThruDec. 1 at the Immediate TheatreCompany, 1146 W. Pratt Blvd.465-3107, $10, $12.Alcimero by Lawrence Arancio. Aworld premiere by a Chicago play¬wright, intending to recapture theera of chivalry and magic. Thru Nov.17. Presented by the PegasusPlayers at the O’Rourke Center forthe Performing Arts at Truman Col¬lege, 1145 S. Wilson. 271-2638 $4,$6.The Caretaker by Harold Pinter: Wun-derkind John Malkovich directsGary Sinise and other local actors inthis Pinter production. A hot (read:trendy) performance Thru No¬vember 10 at the SteppenwolfTheatre, 2851 N. Halsted $13-$18.50.Emerging 1985 This exhibit featuresthe work of 25 new Chicago artists,unaffiliated with any commercialgallery. The show, which was organ¬ized by the U of C's own RenaissanceSociety, includes the paintings ofJim Soo Kim, Michael McGowan, Mi¬chael Paha, and also those of JohnDunn and Roger Hughes, recentgraduates of our ’MFA programThru Nov 1 at the State of IllinoisArt Gallery, 100 W Randolph, Mon-Fri, 10-6.Richard Loving “Loving cuts his opu¬lence like a chef balancing the ele¬ments of a salad”; also “the psycho-sexual ramifications of plant forms”(—Peter Frank, from the press re¬lease.} At Roy Boyd Gallery, 215 WSuperior, 642-1606.Left to Right Photographs by SigridCasey, Barbara Ciurej and Lindsaywarped world of menacing fears.Rich in expressionist and cubist setdesigns, The Cabinet of Dr. Caligarihorrified a generation already un¬easy about hypnosis, suggestibility,and the power of the subconscious.Thursday at 8 p.m. InternationalHouse. $2—BTJames Coleman Irish conceptual artistColeman works in video, installa¬tion, and photography. Thru Nov 17,at the Renaissance Society, 4th floorCobb, 5811 Ellis, Tues-Sat, 10-4, Sun12-4.Blue and White: Chinese Porcelain andits impact on the Western WorldThru Dec 1 at the Smart Gallery,5550 S Greenwood. Tues-Sat, 10-4,Sun 12-4.New Group Exhibition Past history hasshown that new artists showcasedat the HPAC may be next year’s big“discoveries”. This show includesthe work of such illustrious unkfnowns as Frances AndrzejewskaCox, David Davidson, JohnathanFranklin, Donna Hapac, Peter Hur¬ley, Alice Jpyce, Sonia Katz, EllenLevin, Joyce Paul, Nancy Plotkin,Loiss Rubin, Gail Andrea Simpson,Carole Stodder, Darlene Tyree andFred Valentine. Opens Sunday witha reception from 4-6 p.m. At theHyde Park Art Center, 1701 E 53rd.Tues-Sat, 11-5.Edward and Nancy Reddin Kienholz:human Scale "Kienholz and Reddinliterally and physically combine aperson with an image of his/her ownabsence. Absence is then compound¬ed by the character’s apparent psy¬chological absence from his/her envi¬ronment.” (GCJ, 10/18/85) At theMuseum of Contemporary Art, 237 EOntario. 280-2671. Lochman, Cheri Eisenberg, WilliamFrederking, Ron Gordon, andFrances Robson. Thru Nov 9, at Ran¬dolph Street Gallery, 756 N Milwau¬kee. 666-7737The Figure in 20th Century American ArtFrom New York’s Met, works by Mil-ton Avery, Thomas Hart Benton, Au¬drey Flack, Philip Guston, MarsdenHartley, Edward Hopper, Alex Katz,William de Kooning, Larry Rivers,Andy Warhol, others. At the TerraMuseum of American Art, 2600 Cen¬tral Park in Evanston. 328-3400Performance at the wave-making newgallery, Bedrock. An untitled per¬formance by Matthew Owens con¬cerns the totemic, the sexual, otherthings. “Secrets of the Seance’’ bySevere Theater concerns supernatu¬ral occurrences and their effect on agroup of .post-Victorian spiritualists.Sat and Sun at 9, doors open at 8.Bedrock Gallery is at 1550 N Mil¬waukee, second floor. $4Jansdances is teaching classes in Bal¬let, Modern, Jazz, Aerobics, andStretch technique, every weekdayat the International House of Chica¬go, 1414 E. 59th st., 753-2274.The Chicago City Ballet, a company thatemerged from Chicago to achieve in¬ternational recognition, now returnsto its original showcase with a worldpremiere dance by CCB co-artisticdirector, Paul Mejia, Saturday at8:00 p.m. at Chicago’s AuditoriumTheatre, 70 E. Congress Pkwy,$5.00-$20.00 , 751-2121.Korean Ensemble from the Universityof Illinois at Urbana-Champaignoffer a program of classical Koreanmusic and dance Tuesday, 12:15p.m., at the Chicago Public Library Cultural Center, 78 E. WashingtonSt. 346-3278.Hmong Traditional dance and music bythe Hmong community theatre of Ap¬pleton, Wisconsin. Thursday, 5:30p.m., at the Chicago Public LibraryCultural Center, 78 E WashingtonSt., 346-3278.MISCNew Women's Union Discussion GroupOur ‘ecus wit! be on issues of concernto wimmin relating sexually and/orspiritually to other wimmin. Tues,7:30 pm, Rm 201, Ida Noyes, 1212 E59th.Women’s Union meeting to discusswomen’s issues and upcomingevents. Wednesday, 6:30 pm. Rm201 Ida Noyes, 1212 E 59th.Refugee Testimony For many yearsnow, the U. S. government has re¬fused to grant political refuge oreven extended voluntary departurestatus to those fleeing the violenceof Central America. The U. S. prohib¬its these refugees from entering ie-gally in part, perhaps, because thestories they might tell would exposeU. S. support for repressive regimesin Central America. Fear of deporta¬tion silences many who would havefrightening tales to tell Americancitizens. Religious communitiesthroughout the United States haveoffered shelter to victims of the Cen¬tral American crisis, and providedsupport for those who are coura¬geous enough to tell their story pub¬licly. This movement is called sanctu¬ary. Hyde Parkers are fortunate tohave a sanctuary church in theirneighborhood — University Churchin the Blue Gargoyle. Next Wednes¬day evening, two refugees fromGuatemala who have received sanc¬Photograph by Barbara Cuirej and Lindsay Lochman at Randolph Street GalleryGREY CITY JOURI *' —FRIDAY, OCTOBER 25, 1985—3DIVESTMENT:WHAT IS TO BE DONE?Prexy Nesbitt, seen here speaking at the October 11 rally on campus.by Carole ByrdAlthough the lecture was not well at¬tended, the advice was invaluable. PrexyNesbitt's address to us, members of the or¬ganizations at the University of Chicagowho are anxious to conglomerate andforge ahead in the movement against theracist regime in South Africa, was a lessonin planning, in mapping' out the struggle.Nesbitt’s talk was preceded by a speakerrepresenting Columbia College where suc¬cessful action has already taken place, re¬sulting in divestment at their institution,and followed by a representative fromNorthwestern University, where althoughthe students have not caused their Univer¬sity as a whole to divest, certain groups(namely seminaries associated with theUniversity) have divested voluntarily.Northwestern, which began its struggleagainst Apartheid at approximately thesame time as we began ours here at U of C,has apparently experienced a great dealmore conhesiveness among various organ¬izing groups on campus—however, notwithout having spent much time and en¬ergy in working out differences of opin¬ion.The advice from Columbia College was“Eight or ten white women hadcome to look at her too. They woregood clothes and had the pinky colorthat comes of good food. They werenobody’s poor white folks. Whatneed had they to leave their rich¬ness to come look on Janie in heroveralls?’’ — Zora Neale Hurston,Their Eyes Were Watching God, pp.274-5by Wayne ScottThis black protagonist’s skepticism —about the motivations of white peoplewanting justice for black struggles —echoes in other novels by black writers.With our campus caught up in impassionedrallying against Apartheid and the Uni¬versity’s involvement in that system, theperspective of these writers — few, if any,included in our course reading lists, that Ican tell — can help us reassess our positionand motivation, as students, In this strug¬gle.The blood-red posters advertising anti-Apartheid activities include the phrase“End Racism at Home and Abroad.’’ Theanti-Apartheid activists have told us that,because of the Admissions Office, blackstudents constitute a shockingly small mi¬nority; that campus security men some¬times harass black students requestingumbrella coverage; and some studentsrefuse to ride the Maroon Express becauseit represents someone else’s “white eli¬tism.”My problem with these activists, simply,is that they seem to locate “home” in sev¬eral campus buildings, and not in theirown lives. No one has confronted thesubtler bind of attitudes and experiences— like, deciding to come to a predominate¬ly white school, or the lack of awarenessthat, indeed, this is a very white school;the advantages that guided us here; orthe fact of living and learning in a schoolcomposed mostly of white people — thatcolor our discourse on the complicatedstruggle against racial inequality. Theanti-Apartheid activists feel themselves encouraging. Their message was to estab¬lish a “No Business As Usual” platformagainst the University and to carry that toits exreme. They stressed the dangers ofpremature acts of civil disobedience—thatthey are embarrasing for the organiza¬tion if not done properly, and often causethe movement to loose ground rather thanto strengthen itself. They also stressed theabsolute uselessness of an all-white anti¬apartheid movement at the University. Itdangerously ostracizes groups of politicalorganizing power on campus and it de¬feats the purpose of fighting racism athome, as well as abroad. Northwesternhad points to add on this note. Their Uni¬versity had experienced immense difficul¬ties in uniting the various groups oncampus, and the gulf was particularilywide between black and white students in¬volved in the movement. The alliancesdidn’t really come together until mid-sum¬mer, though they begin organizing inMarch. At the teach-in, they felt that theirdifficulties resulted from two basic prob¬lems among students: 1) the reluctance ofstudents to link the anti-Apartheid strug¬gle with the struggle at home, and 2) theignorance on the part of students and fac¬in the absolved position to call other peo¬ple racists.In his 1940 novel, Native Son, RichardWright represents the many forms andlevels of racial prejudice in Chicago. Thecharacter Mary Dalton (who may havebeen a UC student) represents the politicalbind that encloses students, here and now,committed to racial equality. Mary tries,with seemingly good intentions, to under¬stand and help her father’s new blackchauffeur, who lives in a South side ghet¬to. Deflecting the issue of her own opulentlifestyle and segregated neighborhood,she helps him in order to rebel against herfather and to please her poor Marxistlover. She flounders over the vast gap intheir lives' experiences. And Bigger, per¬plexed by her motivation, feels patron¬ized. It is an issue of some genuine concernfor her, but a blatant denial of who sheis.“But you wouldn’t mind belongingto a union, would you?” the girl(Mary) asked.“I don’t know mam,” Bigger said.“Now Mary, you can see that theboy is new,” said Mr. Dalton.“Leave him alone.”The girl turned around and pokedout a red tongue at him.“All right, Mr. Capitalist!” Sheturned again to Bigger. “Isn’t he acapitalist, Bigger?”The girl started to leave butstopped.“Oh Father, if he hasn't anythingelse to do, let him drive me to my lec¬ture at the University tonight.” (NS,P- 54)At the same time she sympathizes withBigger and the larger issue of black op¬pression, chastising her father for his lackof concern and branding him a capitalist,she unconciously participates in the lifes¬tyle that made her father what he is. Herattitude is offensive to me: she uses a rhe¬torical strategy to evade the issue of her ulty as to just what that struggle is.For this reason, Prexy Nesbitt’s talkwas primarily aimed at stressing educa¬tion. “We must begin by working theblock,” he said. We must begin an exten¬sive education plan, going from house tohouse, frqm door to door, so that everymember of the University, students, facul¬ty, and staff, is involved and unified in thestruggle. Nesbitt insisted that we arebeyond the point of wondering whether ornot divestment works. It is working. In the11-13 states where divestment is alreadyunderway, in the universities, and even inthe minimal “slap on the wrist” sanctionsimposed by the U.S. government, we arechanging the economic outlook of Botha’sRegime, and the economic attitude of theU.S. towards the South African govern¬ment. Nesbitt continued to emphasize thatthe positive side of the movement must bereinforced, although, he is aware that thedangers of the opposition to the move¬ment are extreme and imminent. Articleslike the Schlimmer study (reinforcing theidea that those fifty thousand black SouthAfricans out of 33 million black South Afri¬cans who do actually have work must notlose their jobs as a sacrifice for the end ofracism), articles that suggest that SouthAfrican blacks would prefer that we notdivest, and articles that suggest that theU.S. government knows more about whatblacks in South Africa want than theyknow themselves, all indicate the unfortu¬nate and frightening growth of racism inthe right wing of America. The Ku KluxKlan, the epitome of the American racistmovement, formed a counter demonstra¬tion against the Free South Africa demon¬stration at the South African Council herein Chicago a few weeks ago. It seems in¬credible that this could still be happeningin 1985, says Nesbitt, but it happened andwill happen again, because the right wingis organized and clearly more racist thanbefore.To fight the rise of conservatism, andthe more destructive rise of racism, Nes¬bitt insists that we must bring the Aparth¬eid issue home. The issue is in no way apurely academic issue, and in no way anissue that is important only for those op¬pressed blacks who live overseas. The ac¬tions that anti-Apartheid groups takewithin their own organizations will fore¬shadow the way in which the city will dealwith racism at home. He cites the move¬ment within his own union as an example.The union acts not only on issues that ef¬fect the individual workers economically,but on moral issues that effect the city andmoral complicity. She is the one whopasses judgement. She is aware of theovert rorms of racism, but she has no con¬sciousness of the subtler forms this op¬pressiveness takes in her own life.I am not unlike Mary Dalton myself. Twosummers ago, as I walked home late atnight, I became aware of my own ideologi¬cal bind. Many students may empathizewith my experience. My journal from thatsummer records the incident:They were three black teenageguys, hanging out on the streetcorner. When I saw that they wereblack, I shuddered. I’m not sure whyI felt that way. But I tried not to lookafraid. Calm down, I told myself,they’re just hanging out, just talk¬ing. I’ll walk by like it’s the middleof a sunny day and there are kidsplaying on the street. I walked by, Ihad almost carried it off, until Iheard a pause in their conversation,the briefest pause that meant nomore than that they had noticed meand, not knowing what to say or do,my eyes averted. I knew that waswrong, that in that one nervous shiftI had constituted myself the victim.Hey white boy! he called out, Youwant to hang these three niggers?After it happened, ashamedlyseeking some validation of my feel¬ings, I asked my friends how theywould have reacted. “I wouldn’thave been afraid at all,” said oneresolutely. “But it’s OK if you feltthat way.” Another told me, hemight have been afraid, but onlyfrom picking up suggestions of their“lower socio-economic status.” I wassorry I had exposed my feelings tothem. I began to feel wicked andcompartmentalized.I knew no black students at theUniversity well; I knew no black peo¬ple period. It was not nr>y choosing asmuch as a structural consequence ofwhere I lived, with whom I went toclasses, etc. And I was too self-con¬scious to seek out black people a«sfriends out of a sense of tokenism. country. As a co-chair for CIDSA (the Coali¬tion for Illinois’ Divestment from SouthAfrica), Nesbitt’s vision of change is quiteworldly. The universities and unions havepower 'to affect change in city govern¬ments, and Chicago, being the uniquelypowerful center that it is in Illinois, has theability to affect change in the state. Andof course, the state can do much more. Butwhat it takes is organization, unity, andalliance. Nesbitt says you start by goingto every church in and around the neigh¬borhood of this University, and bring upthe issue, not only as it concerns Aparth¬eid, but as it also concerns racism in thecity. Talk to the churches about the treat¬ment of black and other minority adoles¬cents by the University police as they walkthrough the campus. Talk to them abdutthe numerous arrests, or rather mock ar¬rests, of black university students wholook ominous to the police as they walk tothe library at night. And talk to them,about the U of C student’s interest inchange. “It is your duty to drop the seedsof change into the hands of responsiblepeople,” said Nesbitt.The talk ended with a few questionsfrom the audience just as the overflowfrom the Hanna Gray/Jennifer Davis de¬bate was beginning to file into the room tolisten to the debate on intercom. “Whatabout material aid to South Africa?” Sincethe anti-Apartheid movement has not, asof yet, managed to affect any real changein the daily lives of the suffering peoplesof South Africa, is there any use in organ¬izing material gift aid to the peoplethere? The answer was unquestionablyyes. Nesbitt, rather nostagically, recount¬ed the tale of his last visit to Scandinaviawhen he had the opportunity to visit a pri¬mary school in which the students, as apart of their daily routine, were collect¬ing, washing, ironing, and packagingclothing to be sent to impoverished Afri¬cans. This was a primary school, said Nes¬bitt, and it was a part of their regular rou¬tine! Next question: (from a clever studentwho anticipated the focus of Hanna Gray’srebuttal in the debate to come) How do weanswer the attack from the president ofthis University and the board of trustees,that divestment would mean loosing le¬verage to fight from within the companiesinvested in South Africa and in turnagainst the Botha regime? This time Bar¬bara, spokeswoman from Columbia Col¬lege, feverishly interrupted Nesbitt withthe answer: “When has the Universityever offered to use any kind of leverageagainst Apartheid?”...Next question....Photo by Anjsli FedsonSymbolic burning of pass booksNow, I’ve shared the incident withenough thoughtful, well-inten¬tioned friends to realize that, in¬deed, the problem of racism in HydePark is hardly as simple as decidingwho the villains are; but, more im¬portantly, how can we becomeaware of the forms of racial preju¬dice in our own lives, so as to tran¬scend them. I’m not condemning anti-Apartheid activism, but I dodisapprove the strategy of the stu¬dent activists: valorizing their de¬mands for divestment by implyingtheir moral immunity to racism. Thereal task, “at home,” is to come to aconsciousness of instiutionalized rac¬ism, its effects on our lives, and towork against it: to read writers likeWright, Alice Walker and ZoraNeale Hurston (among many others)even if they aren’t offered on areading list, to talk to our neighborswho are black because they are ourneighbors. This is the more likelystarting point for anyone genuinelycommitted to ending (better, tran¬scending) racism “at home.”RACISM AT HOME4—FRIDAY, OCTOBER 25, 1985—GREY CITY JOURNALFree Tape & DispenserGet a Scotch brand Twin-Roll Desk Dispenser andone roll of 811 Magic Plus'' RemovableTransparent Tape (3/4 " x 36 yd.) 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Rush St.(At State/Cedar Rush,above Solomon Cooper Drugs*642 EYESGREY CITY JOURNAL—FRIDAY, OCTOBER 25. 1985—5Jane Wiedlinby Franklin SoultsLast fall when Go-Go Jane Wiedlin announced shewas leaving the group she had co-founded in 1977, therest of the band took a forward looking, stoic attitudeto the departure and their tuff-stuff drummer, GinaShock, said to Rolling Stone, “Maybe this is the kick inthe pants we needed.'' Obviously, it wasn’t, becausethe band couldn’t even fool themselves about the lossfor long and they called it quits this past spring, sixmonths after Wiedlin had left. Wiedlin had been one ofthe group’s most prolific songwriters — and perhapstheir best. On their last album, 1984’s Talk Show, she’dhad a hand in composing seven of the record's tensongs; and more importantly for the group's viability,over their three-album history she'd been responsiblefor at least one hit off each record, including the chartbuster “Our Lips are Sealed" from their 1981 debut,Beauty and the Beat.It was said that the immediate reason Wiedlin hadleft was because group centerpiece and lead vocalistBelinda Carlisle wouldn’t let her sing her song “Forgetthat Day’’ on Talk Show. The dispute fomented tfiltfilefiiaWiedlin’s restlessness with her backup position in theband and gave her the nerve to quit the group andmake a stab at an ambitious acting and solo musiccareer. Wiedlin moved pretty quickly after she left; bythe time the Go-Gos broke up she was already in themidst of making her eponymous solo album, and it justhit the stores a few weeks ago, less than a year aftershe’d made the big decision to go it alone.The Go-Gos were one of the surprise hit bands of theearly eighties. It is well known that in the vast, un¬sophisticated country hungrily charted by radio sta¬tions out to capture the biggest chunk of our vast,supersophisticated dollar, mediocrity and middle¬brow meaning are the key functions commandeered toquell our egalitarian mistrust of anything new or ge¬nuinely unique. And you’ve got to admit, compared tothe regular AOR fare of 1981, the Go-Goes were prettynew (wave) and certainly unique. The way the Go-Go’swere sold, therefore, and the way you may havebought them (or the way your kid brother or sister maynow buy Cyndi Lauper, or even Madonna) was as anovelty act —a new wave girl group, or Leslie Goregone punk times five, or, if you were listening closer,Valley Girls gone Rebel Rousers. That was how theywere programmed, but that’s not to say that’s how thesignal was translated by a million or more recordbuyers. I think the package was fecund enough that alot of meanings may have gone deeper into the mindsof listeners than any top 40 radio programmer or dj hasever admitted a song (or anything) can penetrate. (Howmany times have I heard dj’s follow a song as obvious¬ly complex as, say, “Born in the USA’’ with commentslike, “and it’s a great place to be born, ain’t it?”)But regardless of the band’s potential for meaningfulmusic, the packaging the Go-Gos themselvespresented unquestionably lent itself wonderfully to alight, novelty act kind of promotion, and the radio andteenzines just ran with it. The problem was, noveltyacts aren’t worth anything when they aren’t novelanymore, which may be why the Go-Gos couldn’tmaintain their national pop star status for more thanone album. Their second LP, Vacation, containedalmost as many sure-fire pop hits as had Beauty andthe Beat, but it didn't catch on as Beauty did. Thelogical move for the band, therefore, was to drop thenew-wavish, semi-subcultural pose (more evident intheir calmly self-assertive lyrics than in their pure popmusic) and join the AOR pack that had first served toset them apart, which is just what they did for TalkShow.By this time, of course, true new wavers, who weretheir first and only fans in the group’s early, LosAngeles bar band days, wouldn’t have a thing to dowith them. I remember hearing a dj on our own alter¬native radio, WHPK, say he would gladly play anymusic you requested, “except the Go-Gos. The Go-Gos aren’t even music. They’re. ..they’re...”whereupon he was so overcome with contempt anddisgust that he was unable to finish his sentence. Critics, those self-declared arbiters of good taste (likeme!), pretty much ignored the record, probably for thesame reason new wavers rejected it: they thought theyknew the package and were pretentious enough to feeljustified in pre-judging it. The album didn’t even comeclose to placing in 1984’s year-end Village Voice criticspoll, a yearly poll; which tabulates the cumulative top40 albums from over 200 rock ‘n’ roll know-it-alls’ballots of their ten personal favorites.Shut out from the sanctity of the new wave circuitand the respect given to critic’s faves, the Go-Go’sneeded a public smash with Talk Show, but eventhough it garnered two minor hits and did as respec¬tably on the charts as any IRS album I know of, it didn’tget the attention or airplay of Beauty and the Beat. Anda slight, indifferent audience is almost as bad as no au¬dience at all.So Jane Wiedlin left at the end of last year’s post¬album tour, and the rest of the band packed it in soonafterward. Who knows what will happen to the rest ofthe group; but Wiedlin is out to make sure she doesn’tgo down in entertainment history as just one- of-the-members-of-that-all-girl-band. She, like so many othersolo artists sprung from bands, titled her first albumwith her own name, and she did it for the same reasonthey all have: she wants her public identity to becreated out of her private persona. Unfortunately, likeso many attempts by others, her ambition and couragefar outstrip the depth, richness, meaning, interest ofthe character she presents.Wiedlin has always been the most musically able Go-Go, but she hardly carried the band single-handedly.Talk Show, with its AOR oriented production by MartinRushent and everyday love song lyrics was thegroup’s most anonymous, purposeless album, andyet, in contrast to the cold shoulder treatment it receiv¬ed, it may also have been their best. How good can theGo- Gos’ best album be? Pretty damn wonderfullygood, thank you. More than anything else I heard offthe radio last year, the Go-Go’s two hits, “Head OverHeels” and “Turn to You,” (the latter co-written byWiedlin) demonstrated how it needn’t take a majormusical/cultural revolution to turn everyday radio farefrom the oppressive, semi-hysterical waste product ittends to be into three minute segments of rythmic andmelodic magic. The production values and sen¬sibilities of those two songs were about the same asany pop group’s on the radio (Scandal or Berlin, say)but they were applied to a sense of groove and how itinteracts with melody (lead voice) and harmony(rhythm guitar, bass) to make the kind of commercialmusic (the two words are important) that Elvis and theBeatles knew inside and out but that almost everyonesince them seems to have forgotten about.Like Elvis and the (early) Beatles, the Go- Goscreated this music without laying claims to anythingbut the most general viewpoint, offering their tunes'meaning almost unmediated to the listener. Whateverthe Go- Gos signified as a band, the songs off Talk Show sounded like the resuanonymous people. The onlypie’s music apart—and thisthese anonymous relationshplayed, and sung by women,general as they were, these sda to them, and one that ithreateningly understood bywise wouldn’t begin to knovment was all about. Nowweren’t a conscious women':a truly feminist one likeNighshade (thank God—theyprove something that I’ve bepicked up a pair of headphonmeaningful potential even inpop music.Sure, it took a close frigirlfriend’s purchase of thegroup any mind, but once I wed no further guidance into tlistened feel the same way:the record and hence actual!it, and in last year’s GCJ \several people who voted fcfor the Go-Gos, and they vot<retrospect I’d place the alBangles’ All Over the Place,maybe even the dB’s Like 1stuff from last year’s abundcedged pop product. The Gcambition for the radio waveother bands’ love for limitleslimited musical/emotion styleIn contrast, Wiedlin’s first abitious and noble attempt thaed of. As a result, the recordtions. I guess I should admilmild crush on this woman eveunderstated bridge to “Ourvideo a few years ago. It’s aher for all her obvious talentincludes a couple of Nuclearwith the album that you canbachev). But her album is a diit. Where the Go-Gos madeciting by their ceaseless rlyrical canniness, Wiedlin i(“Goodbye Cruel World”, “I"Modern Romance”) seem rnaive and limited Hollywood ply admits in “East Meets Weviewpoint are hardly hard edwatch ‘Solid Gold’/That’s wcome from.” But though shestricted position, she never bLos Angeles home and its coworld, and so her pleas forsound like so much telethon cBut the outstanding probleso much the deep, cosmic ontive, rather they’re the simpl<—MACINTOSH18UPGRADESFat Mac128K to512K $299MonsterMac"512K to 1 megabyte $ 599512 K to 1.5 megabytes $749512K to 2 megabytes $899128 K to 2 megabytes $1,149Free pick up and delivery.90 day warranty on parts and labor, 1 year extended warrantyalso available.We are the authorized Levco dealer for the Chicago area.Call for an appointment.SOFTWAREAll Macintosh Software at discount prices.HARDWARE3.5” Sony Disks (box of 10) $22.953.5" 400K External Disk Drive* $ 2993.5" 800K External Disk Drive* $ 599Hyperdrive, 10 megabyte $ 1,995New 2 megabyte Macintosh $ 2,495‘Available soonSERVICES• We repair Macintoshes. There is a one year warranty on all repairs.• We buy used Macintoshes. TMMonsterMac Is HereMegabytes for the Macintosh'» The MonsterMac™ is the most powerful Macintosh on the market today.• Reviewed in MACWORLD, September 1985, p. 52.• Have you ever tried to use Jazz™ on a 512K Mac and found yourself wishing you hadenough memory available to use more than two or three modules at the same time?Would you like to be able to run spreadsheet programs like Excel™ up to 50% faster,with more cells available for more complex calculations? Ever wonder what it would belike to run Switcher with five, six or more applications, along with a RAM disk andTurbocharger? Now you can.• An internal parallel bus connector for expansion and interface cards currently underdevelopment. This opens up the closed architecture of the Mac for the first time Aninternal hard drive will be available soon at a fraction of the price of a Hyperdrive• Four sockets for PROMs (Programmable Read Only Memory) for installing programsthat will not be erased when the Mac’s power is turned off, so that they are instantlyavailable when you turn the Mac on, eliminating the need to load them from disk Twoof these sockets currently contain Levco's own firmware that manages the extramemory• Circuitry which increases the speed of calculation-intensive applications (spreadsheets,databases, compilers, and even BASIC programs) so that they execute in as little asthree-quarters the time taken by a standard Mac• A built-in piezoelectric fan that keeps the MonsterMac™ as cool as a 128K Mac.Cybersystems, Inc.363-50825501 SOUTH EVERETTCHICAGO, IL 60615Macintosh is a trademark of Apple Compute* Corp MonsterMac is a trademark of Levco Enterprises Megabytes for the Macintosh is a traammari. ni r!nc * :3e- Cybersyaiwns me6—FRIDAY, OCTOBER 25, 1985—GREY CITY JOURNAL/suit of a collective effort byily thing that set these peo-is was important—was thatship tunes were composed,n, and meant for women. Ase songs had a political agen-t might be easily and un-jy suburban girls who other-iow what a women’s move-iw obviously, the Go-Gosn's band like the Bangles ore the easrly 70’s Deadlyey were horrid), but they didbeen preaching since I firstones—there is progressive,in very pure, very Americanfriend’s prodding and myie album before I paid theI was willing to listen I need-o the music. Others who’vey: the critics who reviewedlally heard it mostly praisedJ pop music reader’s poll,for punk bands also votedoted for the Go-Gos first. Inalbum up there with the:e, REM’s Reckoning, and9 This as some of the bestidant choice of bright, hardGn-Gos share AOR band’sives, but they share theseless invention within a very:yle.5t album is a much more am-han the Go-Gos ever dream-rd meets my worst expecta-mit first off that I’ve head aaver since I saw her sing theur Lips are Sealed” in the5 also been easy to respectnt and global concerns (shear Testing Freeze postcardsan mail to Reagan and Gor-i dud; there’s no way aroundide mundane concerns ex-5 musical enthusiasm andn makes crucial problems‘‘East Meets West”, evenn narrow and flaccid by herd perspective. As she readi-West”, her experience andedged, ‘‘Eight million folks; what they cheer/Where I>he may recognize her con-r breaks away from her safeconcomitant TV view of thefor love and understanding•n chatter.blems on this album aren’tones of outlook or perspec-npler ones of arrangements 1111111 VIDEOby Mark PerryIn 1983 a 17-year-old high school girl in Iran was ar¬rested, imprisoned and eventually executed by hang¬ing. Mona had broken no laws but one: her crime washer faith. She was a Baha’i, a follower of Baha’u’llah,whose teachings are considered heretical to Islam.The authorities, having secured some of her writingsand poetry, and fearing that one day she would becom-ed a leader of the Baha'i faith and contribute to itsdevelopment, hastened to terminate her young life.To the extreme frustration of those authorities, theinternational media have devoted a great deal of effortto informing the world of the story of Mona Mahmud-nihad and her coreligionists in Iran. Besides presscoverage, a music video on Mona’s story has beenproduced and is called “Mona With the Children.” It isa top-20 hit in Canada and has recently been releasedin the Un ed States, where it has already reached thetop 10 in Denver. The performer of the title song andvideo, Doug Cameron, is currently touring the courntryto promote the song and educate the public on theplight of the Iranian Baha’is.It is hoped that such widespread publicity willgenerate a world public opinion that will thwart this at¬tempt at what the United Nations considers genocide.Although since 1979 only some 200 Baha'is have beenexecuted or abducted by a systematic scheme, those200 represent the elected leadership of the Baha’isand man outstanding Baha’i citizens whose contribu¬tions to the general society were—ot would havebeen, as n Mona’s case—invaluable. It is feared thatthis systematic oppression is a prelude to an inten¬sified pogrom.Baha’is are given the opportunity to save their livesby converting to Islam and denying their faith inBaha’u’llcm. Although Baha’is do believe Muhammadwas a prophet of God, they also believe he was prepar¬ing mankind to receive another revelation in the future,that of Baha’u’llah. Baha’u’llah himself taught thatother prophets would come after him with new revela¬tions to perpetuate the development of humanity. Thisconcept of “progressive revelation” is rejected by theprevailing interpreters of Islam, who believe Muham¬mad is the final prophet of God.For his claim, Baha’u’llah, along with his family, wasimprisoned by two sovereigns for forty years until hisdeath in 1892. Twenty-thousand of his followers in thelate 19th Century suffered the same fate as Mona, andfaced oppression according to the principles set byBaha’u’llah: that violence is strictly forbidden, and that HERO 11111111obedience to all laws of the civil government is man¬datory, except any law requiring the recantation ofone's faith.One of the first to recognize and follow Baha'u’llahwas Tahirih (“The Pure”), a renowned poetess in 19th-century Persia. She may be justly considered apioneer in the movement for the emancipation ofwomen, for in 1848 she purposely and dramatically letfall in public her veil, the symbol of woman's subser¬vience in the Middle East at the time, and therebythrew an entire gathering of men into consternation,one man going so far as to cut his own throat. By sobold an action, she, along and unaided, struck down anentire traditional system which stood impenetrable forover one-thousand years, and heralded a new day ofequality betwen men and women. For decadesthereafter the story of her life was told over and overagain in Europe. Indeed, only two months after her ex¬ecution in Tehran in August 1852, an account of the cir¬cumstances of her death was printed in The Times ofLondon, 13 October 1852, page 4, column 1. In the1890’s Sarah Bernhardt commissioned a play dramatiz¬ing her life, entitled Her Highness the Pure, by JulesBois.One-hundred and thirty years later, Mona Mahmud-nizhad continued along the path blazed by Tahirih, notby dropping her veil, but by transforming her impen¬ding execution into a celebration, by requesting to bethe last of the 10 women of her group to be hanged, soas to pray for their firmness in their faith, and by calmlyapproaching the noose at her turn, kissing the rope,and placing it around her neck. Like Tahirih, Mona,through her death, attracted the attention of the inter¬national press, thus frustrating the intentions of herpowerful opponents.One popular lyric saying, “We don’t need anotherhero!” lends an ironic emphasis to the impact in theworld of video rock made by “Mona With theChildren,” a searing video narrative of Mona’smanifestly heroic ordeal. It is a musical and factual nar¬rative, many historical details being provided by one ofMona’s cellmates who was released from prison andsubsequently escaped to the West.Each scene of “Mona With the Children,” in con¬formity with the lyrics of the title song, is designed topresent her own conception of her impending death asa celebration, a dance, a joyous expression. Her life atthe time of her arrest was devoted to teaching Baha’ichildren who had been barred from their schools,hence the title of the song. Likewise in prison her life Mona Mahmudnihadwas devoted to her fellow Baha’i prisoners. It was apositive message that she gave to her prisonmates,urging them to be thankful for their tribulations in thepath of God. This supremely positive perspective isquite a jarring juxtaposition to so harsh an end as ahanging—an end so alien to our popular definition ofage 17 as the full flourishing of life. For Mona this wasindeed the flourishing of her life, the crowningachievement of her spiritual career, for to maintainone’s faith in the face of dire and supreme trials is, forthe Baha’is, proof of one’s sincerity in devotion andone's detachment from the material world.There is one popular singer who sardonicallylaments that “We are living in a material world,” butshe neglects to tell us what the alternative world is.Mona tells us the alternative is the spiritual world, andby her celebration she proves its existence.On 29 October Doug Cameron, the musician whowrote and performed the song and video, will be inconcert at Northwestern University at 8:15, Tech Hall.As an added feature, the video will be shown anddiscussion will follow. Tickets are available throughthe Northwestern box office and at the door.On 6 November the video “Mona With the Children”will be shown at 7 p.m. in the TV room of InternationalHouse, and open discussion will follow.and voice and playing and production and, for all herobvious talent, even songwriting itself. Though herserious concerns aren’t supported by the album sstudio-pro laissez faire playing and production, thesad truth s the record probably wouldn't have beenany better even if she’d kept her ambition in check.Wiedlin wisely didn’t do all the writing herself, but whereas there are a few good tunes sunk on thisrecord, there are a lot more that would never havebeen able to float regardless of the medium. Sheneeds other collaborators, not to mention other musi¬cians, arrangers and producers. On second thought,maybe these are the deep, cosmic problems of popmusic. The Go-Gos showed what could be done when a talented group is constrained by the mostmainstream formulas; there’s no way Wiedlin couldget those formulas working for her without the inspiredhelp of equally talented friends. And in her Hollywoodposition, those kinds of friends are probably very rare,or even non-existent.I wish her the best of luck in her acting career.PomerleauCOMPUTING SYSTEMSCheck the Bottom Line.it comes down to this: the Kaypro 1 keeps thehigh cost of computers in check.The Kaypro 1 has two disk drives; a type¬writer-style keyboard: a large non-glarescreen, parallel and serial ports, wordprocessing software and the operatingsystem at no extra cost!Check it out!c o * f O ( * 1 I O NInnovators of Electronic Products for Over 32 Years $9953f(er good out* (hiring K«rH0 Bargain Daw -Nat 15 tnrougn Jiahr 15 I»s - at participating SealersSEE US AT OUR NEW LOCATION:1743V2 E. 55th St., 667-2075Tools For Your Mind...Over 45 years of professional service will assure your satisfactiontor only $88*0• Bausch & Lomb Soft Contact Lenses• NEW Super Wet Gas Permeable(Boston Lenses)• Custom Extended Wear Soft Contact Lenses• Latest Design Tinted Blue & Green SoftContact Lensesspecial package INCLUDES COMPtETE eyeEXAMINATION CONTACT LENS KIT FULL YEARFOLLOW UP SERVICE ON ALL ABOVE CONTACT LENSESOptometrist*: Dr. Joseph Ogulnick • Dr. Kurt Rosenbaum *8850$165so*1785°$1495°&£(fc SoutlqueEye Examinations, Fashion Eyewear, Contact Lenses493-8372 752-12531200 E. 53RD ST • KIMBARK PLAZAWAYS CONVENIENT PARKING Daily: 9-6Sat: 9-3:30By appointment nj*GREY CITY JOURNAL—FRIDAY, OCTOBER 25, 1985—TCan youafford to gamblewith the LSAT, GMAT,GRHprMCAT?Probably not. 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Yetsomehow it was all rather numbing thanstirring — somewhat like the effect of TheBomb on its first survivors, described insome accounts as moving about the pul¬verized cities like sleepwalkers.Of course some of its was little less thanjustificatory. Newsweek’s “40 Years’’coverage focuses on a true-believer physi¬cist, a right-stuff navigator-turned-sales¬man and a millionaire former armamentsofficer — all with no regrets, thank you,for their part in the atomic bombings —along with the obligatory hibakusha, orsurviving victim, story. And it’s hard notto see the infamous Discover (“The News¬magazine of Science") cover (“On the 40thAnniversary of Hiroshima, Say Hi to theBomb Makers”) as equivalent to a de¬claration of “We did it before, we’ll do itagain.”But even in what wasn’t openly goulish,there was an overwhelming predominanceof quiet sorrow. Remorse, too, was accept¬able on this anniversary, and maybe atwinge or two of guilt. But never anger. Idon’t believe one angry hibakusha wasbrought forward, let alone anyone fromthis side of the Pacific in that condition.It’s like the Catholic bishops’ nuclear warstatement, which expressed a wish to“shape the climate of opinion which willmake it possible for our country to ex¬press profound sorrow over the atomicbombing of 1945“ — sorrow, and that’s it.It’s as if all these commemorations weredesigned to insulate and soothe, at best.In The Day After Trinity, Jon Else’s filmabout the making of The Bomb, there’s aninterviewed scientist (Philip Morrison)who keeps talking about how, when hewent to Hiroshima a month after thebombing to study its effects on the city,none of the Japanese showed hostility.Like him, I keep wondering — where’s theanger?II. Forgotten Texts, or Literature and theGood WarThe Bomb is said to have both ushered inThe Nuclear Age and ended World War II.Assessment from the vantage point of thefuture it unleashed is common; perhaps italso bears looking at in terms of the warit’s supposed to have ended. And maybethis war can be approached with somefreshness through the excavation of somehalf-buried texts."Sixteen hours ago an American air¬plane dropped one bomb on Hrioshima, animportant Japanese Army base. Thatbomb had more power than 20,000 tons ofT.N.T. It had more than two thousandtimes the blast power of the British ‘GrandSlam’ which is the largest bomb yet usedin the history of warfare...“It is an atomic bomb. It is a harnassingof the basic power of the universe. Theforce from which the sun draws its powerhas been loosened against those whobrought war to the Far East...“The United States had available thelarge numbers of scientists of distinction inthe many needed fields of knowledge. Ithad the tremendous industrial and finan¬cial resources necessary for the projectand they could be devoted to it withoutundue impairment of other war work...Wehave spent two billion dollars on the grea¬test scientific gamble in history — wewon...What has been done is the greatestachievement of organized science in histo¬ry...“We are now prepared to obliteratemore rapidly and completely every prod¬uctive enterprise the Japanese haveabove ground in any city...If tney do notnow accept our terms they expect a rain ofruin from the air, the like of which hasnever been seen on this earth.”—Harry S. Truman, “Statement by thePresident of the United States,”August 6, 1945In 1941 Henry Luce, publisher of Life,Fortune and Time magazines, had writtenhis book, The American Century. The timehad come, he said, “to accept wholehear¬tedly our duty and our opportunity as themost powerful and vital nation in theworld and in consequence to assert uponthe world the full impact of our influence,for such means as we see fit.”In 1948 Robinson Jeffers published TheDouble Axe and Other Poems. Jeffers wasthen at the height of his critical reputa¬tion, a major American poet.“Coldly, and it seemedSlowly, she thought that in a world grownmonstrous, rabies-bittenAnd nightmare-false, where millions ofmen are sacrificedFor no reason but vanity, thousands ofships and great fleets of planes with crammed wombs day and nightLabor over the farthest oceans to debarkdeath, not on armies only,But old women, babies and little dogs; andworse is connived at, and worsecoming...”—From “The Double Axe,” Part IA flood of excoriation was loosed uponthe poet. “His violent, hateful book,” asthe Library Journal characterized it, was“a necrophilic nightmare” to Time. It wasleft to the San Francisco Chronicle to dis¬cern that here “we have one of the most,powerful word-craftsmen of our time dip¬ping his pen in international pus...”“Radar and rocket-plane, the applicationof chemistry, the tricks of physics:new cunning ratherThan new science: but they work. The timeis in factA fever-crisis; the fag-end of nominalpeace before these wars, and theso-called peace to follow them,Are, with the wars, one fever; the worldone hospital;The semi-delirious patient his brainbreeds dreams like flies, but they aregiants. And they work...”—Robinson Jeffers, from “Staggering (an undefended city of no military value)firebombed by Britain and America200,000 dead.March 9, 1945. Tokyo firebombed byU.S. 125,000 dead.August 6, 1945. Hiroshima. 200,000dead.August 9, 1945. Nagasaki. 140,000dead.(In the case of such extensive mass kill¬ings, of course, estimates vary, especiallysince wartime conditions often meant themovement of large groups of refugeesfrom place to place, and the breakdown ofofficial record-keeping, not to mention thedestruction of records by the effects of thebombing itself. For nuclear weapons thereis the additional complication that many ofthe deaths brought about by the weaponare caused by radiation and occur onlyweeks, months, years and even decadeslater. The above figures for Hiroshima andNagasaki include deaths through 1950.)When the U.S. took the Mariana islandchain and the Philippines in the summerand early fall of 1944, the air forces wereable to launch bombing attacks on the Jap¬anese islands themselves with the newB-29 “Superfortress.”“Now was the time for the big boys — Printing Office, 1946)Napalm — a jellied gasoline — was in¬vented during this war. Later, of course,during the Vietnam War, it was to becomea household word. But the substance hadalready found many uses in World WarII.“Napalm is a soft gasoline-impregnatedjelly which our tests at the AAF ProvingGround in Florida and in experimentaldrops both in Europe and in the Pacific hadproved almost nonextinguishable.”—Third Report of the CommandingGeneral of the Army Air Forcesto the Secretary of War,12 November 1945“ ‘Have you ever seen a flame-thrower?No, I suppose,Not in your time. We roast them, youknow, screaming, in their little nests.That was my occupationFor a time...’ ”—Robinson Jeffers, from “The DoubleAxe,” Part INapalm’s greatest utility, though, wasnot for flame-throwers, but incendiarybombing.Drawing by Jeramy TurnerBack Toward Life”Jeffers didn't make a lot of the atombomb in this postwar volume of poems. Inthis he was not alone. At the time atomicweapons were not generally seen as uni¬quely different from conventional ones.On the one hand this was due to the factthat knowledge of the radioactive effectsof nuclear explosions was systematicallysuppressed. American occupying forcesunder the command of General DouglasMacArthur prohibited the disseminationof any reports on the consequences of thenuclear bombings. No photographs con¬cerning the bombings were allowed by theoccupation force press code until 1947,when a photo depicting a mushroom cloudin the far distance was released. No photo¬graphs of survivors from Hiroshima or Na¬gasaki were allowed at all during theseven-year occupation tenure, and the ex¬istence of radioactive poisoning was gen¬erally denied. The atomic bomb appeared,then, as simply a bomb more powerfulthan others.On the other hand, conventional bomb¬ing by the U.S. and Britain during WorldWar II had reached such heights of unprec¬edented ferocity and destructiveness thatthe near-obliteration of the cities of Hiro¬shima and Nagasaki did not seem to rep¬resent a qualitative change in methods ofwarfare.February 13, 1945. Dresden. Gormanv the B-29s — to go to work. Our intelligenceanalysts rubbed their hands with anticipa¬tion when they examined Japanese in¬dustry...A study of her cities showed thatthe wood and plaster buildings were a set¬up for area incendiary bombing. Only 10percent were made of stone, brick, metalor reinforced concrete. Many modern fac¬tories were hemmed in by solid masses offlimsy workshops, the very homes of theworkers themselves...Water supplies,never adequate, were dangerously lowfor large-scale fighting.“From that time (November 1944) on,high explosive and incendiary bombs,with increasing emphasis on the latter,rained down on Japan in accumulatingquantities. There were few let-ups be¬cause of weather. The type of weatherthat would have spoiled an ordinarybombing mission was carried out just aseffectively by the use of radar whichshowed up the targets for the bombar¬diers...The Japs were indeed on the roadto hell.“From the time the B-29s startedoperating in the Marianas until the end ofthe war in August 1945, they flew a totalof 29,000 missions against Japan anddropped 157,000 tons of bombs which52,000 tons were high explosive, 96,000tons were incendiaries and 9,000 tonswere mines.”—United States Army Air Forces,Mission Accomplished HJ S Government “As pointed out previously, heat was re¬sponsible for the large majority of both in¬juries and deaths in the bombing of Japan.Since the large preponderance of thebombing of the densely populated areaswas incendiary and since the cities were soinflammable, this fact was clearly antici¬pated. The crowded conditions and the al¬most wholly wooden construction of theJapanese cities made them an ideal targetfor incendiary bombing. In most of thelarger cities ‘fire storms’ were rather eas¬ily created by the wide dispersal of incen¬diary bombs. These ‘fire storms’ were dueto the rushing of cooler air from the perim¬eter toward the center of the fire as theheated air of the burning area rose. Suchincidents were seen in Germany but prob¬ably reached even greater proportions inJapan. The wind velocity near the edge ofthe fire often reached hurricane propor¬tions and was capable of collapsing build¬ings and of sweeping persons off theirfeet. Incidents have been reported inwhich trees with trunks 2 feet in diameterwere uprooted. These ‘fire storms’ wereparticularly important since they in them¬selves produced casualties and in addi¬tion, such wind velocity interfered serious¬ly with attempts of persons to escape fromthe burning areas.“In many of the Japanese cities firelanes or firebreaks were constructed priorto the bombing. These open strips were 36to 120 feet in width and were created bythe demolition of inflammable buildings.During the saturation bombings of citiesthe conflagrations were so intense andwidespread that these relatively narrowopen spaces offered but slight impedimentto the progress of the fires...“Generally speaking, in the course ofmassive burning of the Japanese citiespractically everything in the path of thefire was destroyed. In the residentialareas where there were only a few scat¬tered, fire-resistant buildings literally ev¬erything was destroyed. The skeletons ofbrick or concrete buildings frequently re¬mained erect but usually the interior wascompletely gutted by fire....“Usually with the development of satu¬ration raids persons fled to shelters inopen areas or tried to escape to parks orbeyond the perimeter of the fires. Thehighly combustible Japanese buildingsquickly burst into flame and there was butlittle time to escape. Naturally, in thelarger fires there was more difficulty inreaching the perimeter and the number ofcasualties was correspondingly higher.Survivors recounted fleeing down streetsin an effort to escape the flames only tofind their path blocked on all sides byequally intense fires. Traffic jams devel¬oped and in many instances millingthrongs were isolated and burned enmasse (Figure 33). Following the fires itwas common to find burned corpses litter¬ing the streets of the burned area (Figure34). Some were lying in positions in whichthey had fallen, others were in positionssuggesting that they had attempted torise after falling but were unable to con¬tinue, and still others were in groups as ifthey had huddled together for mutual pro¬tection. Many were burned beyond recog¬nition, the remains actually consisting ofthe skeleton with only charred remnantsof clothing and soft tissues Others wereless badly burned, their clothes complete¬ly charred, yet they could be identified.Mothers were found with infants on theirbacks or clutching at their sides (Figures35 and 36).”—United States Strategic BombingSurvey, Medical Divison, The Effectsof Bombing on Health and MedicalServices in Japan (June 1947)Continued on page 1CGREY CITY JOURNAL—FRIDAY, OCTOBER 25, 1985—9HIROSHIMAContinued from page 9( K*> f"J - - - -M X'J i-^O-tograpno ol the charred rem=uns of victims in thevarious situations and positions described.)“0‘ten the frightened or burned persons wereable to make their way to the riyers or canals socommon in Japanese cities. It was reported thatduring the great fire raid of 9-10 March overTokyo, thousands fled to these bodies of waterfor protection. As the numbers increase^ inthese narrow canals, thousands were stamped¬ed below the surface and were drowned On theexposed surfaces many must have suffocateddue to the combined effects of carbon monoxideand lack of oxygen. It is probable that a fewwere saved by these streams but in many in¬stances they accounted for a very large numberof deaths (Figure 37). Similar accounts were ob¬tained in cities other than Tokyo, especiallyOsaka.•‘Air-raid shelters in the Japanese cities of¬fered little protection to the populace. The openor covered trench shelters which were so com¬mon. actually amounted to death traps in manyinstances. Occupants of shelters beneath de¬stroyed homes or surrounded by burned build¬ings were killed in almost every instance. Mostof them were buried beyond recognition. Wherethe shelters offered sufficient protectionagainst heat and flame the occupants were com¬monly found to have succumbed without evi¬dence of external injury. As was true of the Ger¬man experience many of the unburned dead inshelters appeared to have died peacefully andwithout evidence of a struggle (Figures 38 and39). Persons in fairly open areas also were re¬ported to have died in a similar manner duringthe great fires.”—United States Strategic BombingSurvey, Medical Division, The Effectsof Bombing on Health and MedicalServices in JapanThe March 9, 1945 raid is the most famous. Itwas here that the Americans discovered the se¬cret of real mass annihilation. For arriving atjust the right means to achieve this objective,credit must go to General Curtis E. LeMay, Com¬mander of the XXI Bomber Command. BecauseJapanese air defense was so light, it was calcu¬lated that the B-29s could go in at a very lowaltitude, thus making for both increased accura¬cy and the possibility of a heavier bomb load.“It was a calculated risk and like most such de¬cisions it required great courage on the part ofthe commander. If losses should prove as heavyas some experts feared, the whole strategiccampaign would be crippled and LeMay’s careerruined. Instead, the gamble paid off extrava¬gantly..."The first pathfinders readily located theiraiming points and a few minutes after midnightmarked them with fires that started brisklyfrom the M47 bombs. The three wings came inlow, at altitudes varying from 4,900 to 9,200feet, and as initial fires spread rapidly before astiffening wind, the B-29s fanned out, asbriefed, to touch off new fires which merged toform great conflagrations"The area attacked was a rectangle measur¬ing approximately four by three miles. It wasdensely populated, with an average of 103,000inhabitants to the square mile (one ward, theAsakusa, averaged 135,000) and a ‘built-up¬ness’, or ratio of roof space to total area, of 40to 50 percent, as compared to a normal Ameri¬can residential average of about it) percent...“The bombs-away message set the pattern forfuture reports: Bombing the target visually.Large fires observed. Flak moderate. Fighteropposition nil.’ Late formations reported gener¬al conflagrations that sent them ranging widelyin search of targets, with visibility greatly re¬duced by smoke and with bomb runs made diffi¬cult by turbulence created by intense heatwaves. Tail gunners on the trip home could seethe glow for 150 miles.”—James L. Cate, et a/., The Army AirForces in World War II, Vol. 5: ThePacific: Matterhorn to Nagasaki, June1944 to August 1945"In the dense smoke, where the wind was sohot that it seared the lungs, people struggled,then burst into flames where they stood. Thefiery air was blown down toward the groundand it was often the refugees' feet that beganburning first..."Proper air-raid clothing as recommended bythe government to the civilian population con-sntod of a heavily padded hood over the headand shoulders...The hoods flamed under the rainof sparks; people who did not burn from the feelup burned from the head down. Mothers whocarried their babies strapped to the backs, Jap¬anese style, would discover too late that thepadding that enveloped the child had caughtfire. Refugees clutching their packages crowdedinto the rare clear spaces — crossroads, gardensand parks — but the bundles caught fire eventaster than clothing and the throng flamed fromthe inside."Hundreds of people gave up trying to escapeand, with or without their precious bundles,crawled into the holes that served as shelters;their charred bodies were found after the raid Whole families perished in holes that they haddug under their wooden houses because shelterspace was scarce in these overpopulated hivesof the poor; the home would collapse and burn ontop of them, braising them in their holes...“Whenever there was a canal, people hurledthemselves into the water; in shallow places,people waited, half sunk in noxious muck,mouths just above the surface of the water.Hundreds of them were later found dead; notdrowned, but asphyxiated by the burning airand smoke. In other places, the water got so hotthat the luckless bathers were simply boiledalive."—Robert Guillain, / Saw Tokyo Burning:An Eyewitness Narrative From PearlHarbor to Hiroshima“In the rear planes, men attempted to driveaway the most lingering memory of the mission.Almost all were nauseated because their nos¬trils were filled with an awful, stomach-wrench¬ing stench that could never be forgotten — theodor of burned human flesh.”—William Craig, The Fall of Japan“ ‘You’re going to deliver the biggest fire¬cracker the Japanese have ever seen’, LeMaytold his units in the briefing for what he billed as‘Operation Meeting House'...“The fire at ground level superheated air that••eached 1.800 degrees F. Metal melted whileoeople and many wooden buildings spontan¬eously ignited...“Long after the antiaircraft fire had diedaway, the great B-29s flying over the crimsonand yellow flames were often tossed thousandsof feet into the air by the swirling gases.”—John Costello, The Pacific War“Some 15.8 square miles in the heart of Tokyowere burned out in what was, prior to the use ofthe atomic bomb, the most destructive air attackin history. The Tokyo attack was followed by de¬vastating night incendiary attacks on Nagoya,Kobe, and Osaka in quick succession, and there¬after the air campaign to destroy the urban in¬dustrial areas vital to Japan's ability to carryon the war continued by night and by day untilthe day of capitulation.“In all incendiary attacks over 100,000 tonsof bombs were dropped in the course of morethan 15,000 sorties, against 66 Japanese citiesranging in population from Tokyo, with its teem¬ing millions to the fish-processing city of Tsuru-ga, with a population of 31,000. Nearly 169square miles were destroyed or damaged in the60 cities for which photographic reconnaissanceis available, with more than 100 s'quare milesburned out in the five major cities attacked.-Thedestruction, including that caused by the twoatomic bombs, amounts to over 42 percent of theurban industrial areas involved. The 68 Japa¬nese cities attacked with incendiaries and atom¬ic bombs had in 1940 a total population of21,000,000 — almost exactly equal to ourtwelve largest American cities...“Never in the history of aerial warfare hassuch destruction been achieved at such moderatecost...In all the attacks on urban industrialareas, the loss ratio, due to all causes, was only1.22 per cent of attacking aircraft. In the groupof cities under 100,000, three and one halfsquare miles of urban industrial area were de¬stroyed for each B-29 lost to any cause. Thesmaller cities were, generally speaking, at¬tacked during the months of July and August,and the low loss ratio reflects the steadily in¬creasing operational efficiency of the B-29s, thedecline in scale of attacks and aggressiveness ofthe Japanese Air Force, and the total ineffecti¬veness of th^ anti-aircraft defenses of thesmaller cities.”— Third Report of the CommandingGeneral of the Army Air Forces tothe Secretary of War,12 November 1945Some things I don't understand about WorldWar II, either.I do understand why Robinson Jeffers wouldsay,"It is scene two, act four, of the tragic farce ThePolitical Animal. Its heroreaches his apogeeAnd ravages the whole planet; not even the in¬sects, only perhaps bacteria, wereever so powerful.“Not a good play, but you can see the author’sintention: to disgust and shock,the tragic themeIs patriotism; the clowning is massacre. Hewishes to turn humanity outwardfrom its obsession...”And I understand, too, why Harry Trumanwould say, “The atomic bomb was no ‘great deci¬sion’...not any decision that you had to worryabout.” After all, dropping atomic bombs on acouple of Japanese cities was no departure fromU.S. policy as it had already evolved. The obli¬teration of whole cities and the incineration oflarge civilian populations were already stan¬dard operating procedure for the American wareffort.That's all clear enough. But what I don’t under¬stand is the moral difference between the gaschambers and extermination camps set up byHiller, Eichmann, etc., and the fire bombings andurban crematoria devised by Roosevelt, LeMay,etc.What I don't understand is the basic qualita¬tive difference between the testing of the ef¬fects of atomic bombs on the populations of Hiro¬shima and Nagasaki, and the medicalexperiments of Dr. Joseph Mengele on the in¬mates of concentration camps.W6‘! — of course there is a difference. Hitler,Eichmann, Mengele, after all, are (or were) no¬torious Nazi war criminals, whereas the otheractions mentioned above were planned and exe¬cuted by prominent American political and mili¬tary figures.But there’s still something else I don't under¬stand.Why did America use The Bomb? There wereno scruples against using it — that's clear. But onthe other hand, why go ahead with it?I suppose this must seem a simple-mindedquestion.“There are those who considered that theatomic bomb should never have been used atall...that rather than throw this bomb we shouldhave sacrificed a million American and a quarterof a million British in the desperate battles andmassacres of an invasion of Japan. The bomb brought peace...”—Winston Churchill, speaking ten daysafter the Hiroshima bombingIt’s a nice answer, of course, but it has somedisadvantages from the truth-seeking, as op¬posed to the public-relations, angle.Before the bomb was dropped, each one of theJoint Chiefs of Staff advised that it was highlylikely that Japan would surrender unconditonal-ly without the use of the atomic bomb and with¬out an invasion. After the war, the official Unit¬ed States Strategic Bombing Survey concludedthat "...certainly prior to 31 December 1945,and in all probability prior to 1 November 1945,Japan would have surrendered even if the atom¬ic bombs had not been dropped, even if Russiahad not entered the war, and even if no invasionhad been planned or contemplated.” (SummaryReport (Pacific War), USSBS Pacific Report No.1.) (U.S. military plans called, if necessary, forthe invasion of the southernmost island ofJapan, Kyushu, beginning only on November 1,and did not schedule the invasion of the main is¬land of Honshu until the spring of 1946.)By the end of July 1945 Japan’s empire in thePacific had been eaten up by the U.S. war ma¬chine, which was now able to impose a blockadeon Japan itself. We’ve all heard about the Ger¬man U-boat attacks on ships in the Atlantic dur¬ing World War II, but in the Pacific it was thevast American submarine fleet which sankevery merchant ship it could find. U.S. planesalso bombed the ships (including even small fish¬ing boats) and mined Japanese harbors. By Au¬gust 1945 Japan’s navy and merchant fleetswere virtually destroyed, its air forces were de¬cimated and unable to oppose the myriads ofAmerican planes which bombed at will allthrough the Japanese islands. Japanese forcesremaining on the Asian mainland could not besupplied with adequate material to keep fight¬ing; only the thinnest trickle of raw materialscould reach Japan itself, and not enough foodcould be supplied to keep Japan's population oneven a starvation diet.Even without The Bomb, every Japanese pou-lation center was marked for ruthless destruc¬tion. Japan was beaten; its ruling circles knew itwas beaten and were casting about for a way tosurrender on terms which would leave some rem¬nant of their power structure intact. There washope that the Soviet Union, which had not yetdeclared war on Japan, would mediate and pushfor better terms than the unconditional surren¬der demanded by the U.S. and Britain. In factthe U.S. had already decided to retain the Japa¬nese Emperor in order to maintain a conserva¬tive stability in postwar Japan, but this was notknown to the Japanese (nor, in fact, to the U.S.allies, Britain and the USSR). In any case, theentry of the Soviet Union into the war against iton August 8 smashed Japan's last hope, and onAugust 10 the formal offer of surrender wastendered.“From that morffent our outlook on the futurewas transformed. We were in possession of anew factor in human affairs, and possessed ofpowers which were irresistable.”—Winston Churchill, speaking of themoment when he learned of thesuccessful atomic bomb test“That the awful power that feeds the life of thestars has been tricked downInto the common stews and shambles.”—Robinson Jeffers, from"Moments of Glory"“President Roosevelt particularly spoke to memany times of his own awareness of the catas¬trophic consequences of our work...I thereforeemphasize that it yas our common objectivethroughout the war, to be the first to produce anatomic weapon and use it.”—Henry L. Stimson, Secretary of War,1940-1945Of course the U.S. only possessed three bombsinitially. One was exploded July 16, 1945 4t theAlamagordo Army base in New Mexico — theculmination of the Manhattan Project. One wasexploded over Hiroshima. And the third, of asomewhat different design, was set off at Naga¬saki.Well, after all, there were the three bombs. Aslong as you have ’em, might as well use ’em,right? A test in the desert is fine, as far as itgoes, but when you have some actual cities to tryit out on...After all, it was designed as a weap¬on, right?“I am alarmed at the extent of conventionalbombing. I fear the ‘S-1’ (code name for atombomb) will not have a fair background againstwhich to show its strength.”—Henry L. Stimson, spring of 1945"...I particularly wanted Kyoto as a target be¬cause, as I have said, it was large enough in areafor us to gain complete knowledge of the effectsof an atomic bomb. Hiroshima was not nearly sosatisfactory in this respect.”—Lt. General Leslie R. Groves, militarydirector of the Manhattan ProjectAnd then on the other hand, more money hadbeen spent on the Manhattan Project than hadbeen spent on all other scientific research sincethe beginning of history.“It is an atomic bomb. It is a harnessing of thebasic power of the universe...What has beendone is the greatest achievement of organizedscience in history. It was done under high pres¬sure and without failure."We are now prepared to obliterate more rap¬idly and completely every productive enterprisethe Japanese have above ground in any city."—Harry Truman, official statement,August 6, 1945"Captain Graham, this is the greatest thing inhistory.”—Harry Truman, upon learning fromCaptain Graham of the HiroshimabombingBut yet — it would be merely cynical to think itwas dropped simply to test it out or to yield thegreatest bangs for the bucks. After all, these de¬cisions were taken at the highest American go¬vernmental and military levels. Certainly theremust have been some high reasons of 9tate for10—FRIDAY, OCTOBER 25, 1985—GREY CITY JOURNAL these mighty atomic blasts.“If it explodes, as I think it will, I'll certainlyhave a hammer on these boys.”—Harry Truman, speaking to anassociate of his hopes for the atomicbomb as he prepared for his firstmeeting with officials of theSoviet Union“When (Truman) got to the meeting after hav¬ing read the report (of the successful atomicbomb test) he was a changed man. He told theRussians just where they got on and off and gen¬erally bossed the whole meeting.”—Winston Churchill"There was never from about two weeks fromthe time t took charge of this project any illusionon my part but that Russia was our enemy andthat the project was conducted on that basis.”—Lt. General Lesie Groves, speakingof the Manhattan ProjectThe atomic bombings, it seems, were not to winthe war but to dominate the peace. The war mayhave been already won; Germany, Italy andJapan may have been defeated; England andFrance may have been in no position to challengeU.S. hegemony; but there were still potential ob¬stacles to total world domination, to the Ameri¬can Century. There was the Soviet Union — war¬time alley, peacetime enemy. And there werethe revolutionary movements of the third worldwhich had sprung up during the war, for instancein the Philippines, Malaya, Korea, Indochina,and especially China. More than the last militaryoperation of World War II, the nuclear bombingswere the first major political operations of thepeace. Pax Americana.Belying the hoopla and official boosterism sur¬rounding the end of World War II — the good warand the good peace — were some cultural under¬currents in the United States. Of course therewere the Hollywood noir films, exuding a bleak¬ness and pessimism apparently perversely outof tune with the triumph of the good and thedemocratic. There were other reflections of thedark side of victory."The night the war ended...Charlie Parker, themost influential of all bop musicians, the one catthe hipsters dug most, had a gig at a small, ca¬vernous cellar joint on 52nd Street called theThree Deuces. That night and into the earlymorning, while millions of New Yorkers were ce¬lebrating V-J day in a triumphant outpouring oflong-contained emotion at Times Square, Birdwas playing his brilliant music ten blocks to thenorth. Bird lived. Glenn Miller was dead.Who., would have imagined that this black bop-ster genius (and not the celebrants dancing,cheering, singing, kissing, hugging, and windingtheir way through tons of confetti in long, exu¬berant conga lines) was attuned to the future,and that his apocalyptic nightmare vision of theAmerican dream was a vision of a world tocome.”—Mary Jezer, The Dark Ages: Life inthe United States, 1945-1960"I think the whole human race ought to bescrapped and is on the way to it;ground like fish-meal for soil-food....this ghost-ridden blood-and-bone thing, civilwar on two legs and the stars’contempt, this walking farce,This ape, this — denatured ape, this — citi¬zen...”—Robinson Jeffers, “The Double Axe,”Part III wouldn’t want to give the impression that Iagree wholly with Jeffers. But on the otherhand... Misanthropic fury and grimmest pessi¬mism are better responses to Dresden, Hiroshi¬ma, Tokyo, Nagasaki. Far better than most otherresponses of the time, even (especially) in themost radical or leftist of circles I suppose a poemwhich celebrates the return of a dead solider tokill his parents, and hopes for the death of man,can be justly accused of necrophilia. But thenwhat word would be appropriate for Harry Tru¬man and Curtis LeMay?“About the future use of atomic bombs — ifwars are going to be fought, I believe the objectis to win the war. You’re going to have to win itwith all the resources at your disposal. And ifyou’re fortunate enough to possess powerfulweapons or weapons more powerful than thoseof the enemy, there’s only one thing to do andthat is to use them.”—Colonel Tibbits, Commanding Officer ofthe Enola Gay, Hiroshima bomb plane“The use of the bomb was something I had nocontrol over. It was decided by the President ofthe United States. And who am I to say the Com-mander-in-Chief isn’t right? If it came up again, Iwould do the same thing under the same circum¬stances.”—Sergeant Duzenbury, crew member,Enola Gay“Be sorry for the decent and loyal people ofAmerica,Caught by th'eir own loyalty, fouled, gouged andbledTo feed the power-hunger of politicians andmake trick fortunesFor swindlers and collaborators. For a time’scoming—Fairly soon, you’ll not see it — when the ends ofthe earth, from east andwest one world, will close on your countryLike 4he jaws of a trap; but people will say, Bequiet, we were fooled before.We know that all governmentsAre thugs and liars, let them fight their own bat¬tles; and the trap is closing,and an angry spiritWill go through the camps whispering mutiny Inconscripts’ ears: your rulersare cooking another world-war,Come and we’ll kill them: and that spirit will bemine. 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MASLOVOPTOMETRIST•EYE EXAMINATIONS•FASHION EYEWEAR(one year warranty on eyeglassframes and glass lenses)SPECIALIZING IN• ALL TYPES OFCONTACT LENSES•CONTACT SUPPLIESTHIHYPCPARKSHOPPING CCNTIR1510 K. 55th363-6100GREY CITY JOURNAL—FRIDAY, OCTOBER 25. 1985—11YOUR NEEDTO KNOWby Geoffrey ReesAs the number of diagnosed cases of Ac¬quired Immune Deficiency Syndrome(A.I.D.S.) increases in the US. and aroundthe world, it becomes increasingly impor¬tant for people to learn the facts aboutA.I.D.S. Although the A.I.D.S. virus,HTLV3, is poorly understood, there is muchwe do Know about the disease. It is partic¬ularly important, given the spreadingparanoia and fear of A.I.D.S., that we allkeep well-informed about the disease. Inrecognition of the growing need for publicawareness. Dr. Tom Jones, Director of Uni¬versity Health Service, held a questionand answer session on A.I.D.S. last Tues¬day. October 15th.Dr. Jones began the discussion with ashort presentation of basic information onA.I.D.S. It is caused by a unusual virus sim¬ilar to only two other known viruses inmammals. Researchers believe, however,that there may be other similar virusesSeveral chronic, relentlessly progressivediseases could fulfill the unfolding A.I.D.S.model, the most notable being MultipleSclerosis. As the aids virus becomes under¬stood, it should provide insight into manyother currently poorly understood dis¬eases.HTLV3, the A.I.D.S. virus, is transmitted,in so far as we know, by contact betweenmucous membranes and in blood. The mucous membranes include, in descendingorder of importance, the rectal mucosa,the vaginal mucosa, the urethra of thepenis, and the oralpharynx and secretionstherein. Blood is the most powerful sourceof infection, which explains the many newA.I.D.S. cases among I.V. drug users. He¬mophiliacs around the world are also be¬coming infected with A.I.D.S. becausemany blood products have been preparedin the U.S. from infected doners.Since last May a blood test has beenavailable to test for the presence of anti¬bodies to the HTLV3 virus. A positive re¬sult of this blood test should only be ac¬cepted when performed in the followingmanner: first, a positive result must be re¬ceived by the ALISA test. This is the testperformed by every blood bank in thecountry on every unit of blood donated. Apositive ALISA must be confirmed by asecond ALISA. If the result is still positivea blood sample is sent for a Western BlotAnalysis (a more cumbersome and expen¬sive test). Only after this process can onesafely say a patient is infected withHTLV3.Although the blood test is quite simple,interpreting the results can be difficult. Anegative result is reassuring. A positiveresult is frightening, but no one knowshow frightened to be. According to theCenter For Disease Control, between 0 and20 percent of HTLV3 individuals will de¬velop a clinical syndrome that looks likeA.I.D.S. within 2 to 5 years. It is guessedthat the ratio of people who have clinical¬ly apparent A.I.D.S. in the pool of peoplewho are HTLV3 positive is anywhere from1:30 to 1:100. While there are only 15.000full blown cases of A.I.D.S. in the country,the CDC estimates that 1.5 million peoplehave been exposed. That figure is contin¬ually increasing. Dr. William Haseltine, na¬tionally known A.I.D.S. expert at DanaFarber Cancer Institute, has said that onethousand to two thousand people are in¬fected with the virus every day. Dr. Hasel¬tine has also said that while the probabili¬ty of developing A.I.D.S. within a 2 to 5year period is 0-20% The long term proba¬bility is feared to be much higher. Thevirus may remain latent for up to tenyears, so that anyone may unknowinglycarry the virus and pass it on to others.Chicago health officials estimate that by1990 there will be 20,000 A.I.D.S. cases inIllinois.As the reality of the A.I.D.S. epidemicbecomes more apparent federal, state, city, and private organizations are mount¬ing increasingly effective informational,medical, and counseling services. Universi¬ty Health Service now offers the HTLV3blood test, and medical professionals areavailable to discuss the possible advan¬tages and disadvantages of taking thetest. The city of Chicago is developing aprogram to provide HTLV3 blood testingwhich will be implemented in early 1986.The Howard Brown Memorial Clinicoperates an A.I.D.S. action hotline(871-5696), as does the state of Illinois(1-800-AID-AIDS). The staff of studentmental health is also available to discussA.I.D.S. related issues such as whether ornot to have a blood test, how to respond toa positive result, and how to handle fearof A.I.D.S. Chicago has two gay newsweeklies: Windy City Times and Gaylife.Both are distributed at the U.C. bookstoreand provide extensive city, national, andinternational A.I.D.S. related news, aswell as a list of services in the Chicagoarea.There are certain measures which everyindividual can adopt to reduce the risk ofexposure to A.I.D.S. The most important are safe sex practices. Safe sex means toavoid the exchange of bodily fluids duringsexual contact and reduces the risk of con¬tracting any sexually transmitted dis¬ease, not just A.I.D.S. Use of condoms isthe most effective means of practicingsafe sex, along with those avoidance orlimitation of other sexual practices. Anyexchange of blood products should beavoided, such as using another person’srazor or the toothbrush of an individualwith bleeding gums. Finally, individuals inhigh risk groups (I.V. drug users, practic¬ing homosexuals, hemophiliacs, and indi¬viduals who have had blood transfusions),should self-designate themselves as suchand not donate blood or register for organdoner programs. People who are not inhigh risk groups are encouraged to donateblood.A.I.D.S. is no longer a gay health prob¬lem; it effects everyone, and we must allstrive to keep informed about the diseaseand its effects on the population. A.I.D.S.poses one of the greatest health crises theU.S. has ever faced. 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