Howie Schemes!48th.49th50th _t ! iHast Hyde Park.52nd,J U 1th_54ti ir~tii r+rrf- , L_K r _Zrr— HC3 nC=3 Black dotted lines separate the 14campus areas; red lines outline the fourbeat areas. Red buildings represent the lo¬cations of the 13 watch posts, at whichguards are on duty during the followinghours listed below:• Woodward Court—interior 24 hours aday; exterior 4 pm-7am.• 5400 Greenwood-4 pm-11 pm.• 5426 Harper—4 pm-8 am.• 5518 Ellis—4 pm-8 am.• 5748 Blackstone—4 pm-8 am.• 1442 East 59th—4 pm-8 am.• Pierce Tower—3 pm-7 am.• Snell-Hitchcock—4 pm-8 am.• Burton Judson—11 pm-7 am.• Medical group—24 hours a day• Wyler Hospital—24 hours a day.• Emergency—24 hours a day.• Law School—4:30 pm-12:30 am week¬days; 8:30 am-12:30 am Saturdays; noon-12: 30 am Sundays.I !TTLTT[HIM i r 1 nlaceUB F m□ c\£ ,■■■? — -57 th ■ ■■■ 4rr ^U tfs!□ oca’ f I 1cn <—i|a "1 D a BJ1 n— rzj O□ CD? CCD rpiiC :FI£ 0 Pz□ ° “DA-, jj r] Ll! V.HF3The Midwayn rmi 60th I—Zj 1■®rIuo^ijd oIU LL,.JW J Jaekson Park¥ ” 2■ -c ~ O$J £ § c'...1 ! 1 1 1 Ai i2/Maroon/December 6, 1968i : ' * ’WOmOfti'??£ggggg ywgffgggftiwy fffi yyy^i1i>dm, _ ' ' "Sr ... r * * •• i * i * * i ». i — - • * ■ Ipi**~T : *1Crime in our StreetsBy Caroline HeckSecurity is the issue. Everyone in Hydepark has something to say about it; justabout everyone has at least one personalanecdote to tell, first or second hand. Veryfew people, though, know just how muchcrime there is in Hyde Park, what kindsof crimes are committed, or where themost crimes take place.The security issue is by its nature onethat is subject to rumor and distortion.Just about the only attempt at documentedrecords are the police department andSouth East Chicago Commission files, andthese have been of such varying sorts overthe past few years as to make comparisonsand well documented analysis extremelydifficult.Hearsay has it by turns that Hyde Parkis an extremely dangerous place to beand that Hyde Park has one of the lowestcrime rates in the city of Chicago. Theterm “crime rate” is ambiguous; anygiven statistic on number of crimes perthousand people may refer just to crimesagainst a person, property crimes, or both.According to police files, the total num¬ber of crimes committed in Hyde Parkfrom April to November of 1968 is 26 per¬cent higher than it was during that periodin 1967. Breaking this figure down accord¬ing to types of crimes, however, revealsthat all crimes against persons—homicide,rape, serious assault, and robbery — havedecreased, and that the overall increase incrime, is due to a sharp increase in proper¬ty crimes, such as auto thefts.As for Hyde Park in comparison withthe rest of the city, for the past four yearsthe yearly crime rate per 1000 populationfor all crimes has been from one to sixpercentage points above the rate for thecity in general. Breaking down the typesof crims, however, again reveals that thisis due to property crimes, which have beenconsistently higher in the Hyde Park-Ken-wood area than in the rest of the city,while crimes against the person have oc¬curred at a lower rate in this area than inthe city in general since 1964.Looking at Hyde Park in comparison withimmediately neighboring'areas does showa marked decline of crime here. The NorthKenwood-Oakland area (39th to 48th St.and Cottage Grove to the Lake) in 1967had a rate for all index crimes (crimesthat police record) of 70.5 incidents per1000 population. The East Woodlawn area(60th to 67th St. and Cottage Grove toStony Island Avenue) had a rate of 55.0incidents per 1000. Hyde Park Kenwood(-18th to 60th St. and Cottage Grove to LakeMichigan, excluding Jackson Park) hada rate of 34.7 per 1000. The 1967 rate forChicago in general was 33.0 crime incidentsper 1000 population.Within Hyde Park itself, University se¬curity statistics show that the greatestnuipber of crimes takes place in the mostfrequented areas — the quadrangles, theI- C. tracks, the 53rd St. shopping area.Crimes here are more numerous, but thehigher rate is largely due to numerous lessserious crimes — purse snatchings, pettylarceny, bike thefts. More serious crimesagainst the person — assault, rape, robbery— occur throughout Hyde Park with lessvariation, although the are afrom Wood-lawn to Stony Island between 57th and59th Streets, including the I.C. tracks showsa particularly high rate of these offenses.For the breakdown of crimes in HydePark during the three month period ofApril, May, and June, 1968, see chart onthis page.The Hyde Park-Kenwood area is part ofthe 21st police district. Since the beatswere redistributed in April of 1968, elim¬inating a system whereby the Universitywas split between two districts, the citypolice have divided the Hyde Park-Ken¬wood area into eleven patrol beats. Thesebeats are patrolled around the clock bycity police in one man cars. The city alsohas plainclothes tactical units. Howie Shamest A B C D E F G H I J K L M N TotalArea(see map)Assault 1 1 3 11 1 1 2 5 1 5 31Burglary 7 5 2 2 1 2 1 1 3 1 25Rape 1 1 2 1 5Robbery 2 1 2 1 5 2 3 2 1 2 21Theft—auto 2 1 1 3 2 1 1 11Theft—grand 1 1Disorderly 1 1 1 1 4Cr. Damage—prop 3 4 3 11 5 1 1 6 1 2 2 39Cr. Trespass 2 2 4Theft—bike 3 3 2 12 11 1 2 3 2 2 1 42Theft—petit 7 6 5 15 6 5 2 1 1 2 50Theft—purse 1 2 18 4 1 1 2 1 1 31Att. purse theft 1 1Total 27 23 18 63 43 5 15 17 12 0 0 13 14 15 265In addition to city policing, The Univer¬sity also has a private police force. TheUniversity security department covers anarea from 48th to 61st Streets and fromCottage Grove to Stony Island Avenues. Onthe Force there are 50 moonlighting Chi¬cago city police, who have permission fromthe city department to work for the Uni¬versity. There are also sixty University officers. The force has seven cars andpatrols the area.The University force’s can pick the citypolice radio and hear city police commu¬nication about developments in Hyde Park.They also provide security coverage indormitories. They handle security problemsof anyone connected with the University-students, faculty, and staff., .v, .m.Maroon/December 6, 1968/3' ♦ \ \r£f ,*V * /♦MUSICRAFTDISCOUNT SPECIALS FOR THE GIFT SEASONStereo Headphones: Koss, Sharpe, Telex $19.95 to $95.00Stereo Speakers Reg. NOWTop rated ADC 404A Compact Shelf Speakers ‘57 ‘39 ”Scott S-14 Shelf Speaker *S0 ’29 ”Stereo Record Changers complete with Base and Cartridge:Garrard, BSR, Dual, Miracord s29,5to$149 ”Tape Recorders—open reel, cartridge, CassetteCraig, Sony, Ampex *29 “to *995"ON CAMPUS CALL BOB TABOR 324-3005Oak Sl.-DE 7-4150 2035 W. 95tn St. •• 179-1TOYOTA ’ TEST DRIVE ONE - YOU’LL BE SWITCHEDALL MODELS - IMMEDIATE DELIVERY.BOB NELSON MOTORS 7722 Stony Island 374-4555FoodDrinkPeople311 E 23rd Street2 blocks W ot McCormick PlaceTelephone 225-6171Open 11 am tc 9 pm/closed Sundays 'Party facilities to <00Bauer’s Cohn & StemQfaum Sc (EarnpusShopWorld’s Greatest, WarmestKnockabout ShoeThe Bates floater in glove leather. Water re¬pellent, shearling lined, Neolite crepe sole.In Spanish moss. $20.IN THE HYDE PARK SHOPPING CENTER55th & LAKE PARKopen Thursday & Friday eveningswiV T~~~ A Dock of E«penm<?nt$ in Be ng Alive 12 m(SENSE BELAMnBNcBekMT.yOurmiqaSensory Awakening It a method which can help bring you back to your senses to quMMtxcessive thought, to release chronic tenaron. to enhance direct senaory-raaHty kt thehere and now This process can show you how to allow greater sentntoty. leering andawareness sid you m letting yourself be more-your entire orgenteas-open to die potf-natitles end possibilities with oul/ift you.cBr^BetfjfudgunUfr TtykfQ*edl9rcfalA*»Revitalization & The University Theatre present atMANDEL HALL57th St. & Unive. sity, Chicago, III. phone Ml 3-0800 Ext. 3581TUES. JAN 7 at 8:30 P.M. - MYSTERIES & SMALLER PIECESWED. JAN. 8 at 2:30 P.M. - MYSTERIES & SMALLER PIECESTHURS. JAN. 9 at 8:30 P.M. - FRANKENSTEINFRI. JAN. 10 at 8:30 P.M. - FRANKENSTEINSAT. JAN. I I at 2:30 P.M. - ANTIGONESAT. JAN, I I at 8:30 P.M. - MYSTERIES 8r SMALLER PIECESSUN. JAN. 12 at 8:30 P.M. - PARADISE NOWWED. JAN. 8 at 8:30 P.M. - ANTIGONEAll Seats Reserved: $5.50, 4.00, 3.00Mail order remittance to University Theatre, 57th 8t University, Chicago, III.TICKETS ON SALE AT MANDEL BOX OFFICE: MON. DEC. 8THONLY OPPORTUNITY TO BUY TICKETS WILL BE THRU NEXT WEEK!SPECIAL DISCOUNT OF 504 TO UC STUDENTS ONLY!“THE LIVING” WILL BE HERE WHEN YOU GET BACK! BUY NOW! Teach yourself the forgotten language of touchExpand your consciousneas without drugsExperience the reality of physical BEINGSENSE RELAXATION BELOW YOUR MIND is a beautifully illustrated guideto richer sensory and sexual experience.Based on experiments pioneeredjby the Esalen Institute in Big Sur, California,it offers explicit directions and suggestions for individuals, couples, andgroups who seek an entirely new awareness of being alive.Don't missSENSE RELAXATION BELOW YOUR MIND by Bernard Gunther ofThe Esalen Institute $2.95THE BOOK CENTER5211 S. Harper 643-1880Alao at BCLIVING AT SUMMERHILLA photographic documentary of A.S. Neill’a pioneering schoolpaperback $1.954/Marnrm / De>rt>m r (t tocoThe Workaday Lives of the Campus CopsBy Sue Loth“You students don’t realize the amountof money spent on security for you,” a sar-geant said as his squad car pulled out forthe night shift. ‘‘We’re one big family,we’ve kids of our own, and we want themprotected like we protect you.”The campus security station is tucked atthe back of the University Press buildingat 58th and Ellis.Soon to be abandoned for more modernquarters at the Young building. 55th andEllis, the station is a lime green officeoverflowing with file cabinets, lockers,cubbyhole offices, and two big propellorceiling fans. At the main desk, two-wayradios connect the office with the ChicagoPolice department, University squad cars,and patrolmen on walking beats and posts.The station never closes; the force works24 hours a day, every day of the year.Traffic is busiest at 7 am, 3 pm, and 11pm, when members of the 110 man forcecome in to grab a cup of coffee, checkover the daily ‘‘hot sheet,” and change uni¬forms or shoulder patches before startingor leaving their shifts.Of the 110 on the force, 77 men work full¬time. Many of the part-time employees areChicago policemen, who are allowed tomoonlight 20 hours a week.Often the busiest man in the security de¬partment is the policeman answering thephones and radios which keep the stationinformed.On Friday, November 1 that man wasOfficer Stanley Bus. At 10:35 pm the Chi¬cago police monitor reported “A shootingat 63rri and Blackstone. . .One DOA (deadon arrival) male, Negro, 35-40, and threewounded.” Security checked the emergen¬cy ward at Billings to see if victims wereaffiliated with the University.A University squad car made its half-hour routine check in through the station’sown radio.More on the first radio about the shoot¬ing: “They’ve got someone barricaded in abuilding.”At 11:50 pm, another “big” call camefrom one of the patrol cars: “Man hangingout of car between 58th and 59th on Ellis”-- -one block from security headquarters.Lt. Nic Juric and a sergeant set out on footwith a Maroon reporter to see what washappening. “I worked at the Woodlawn po¬lice station for years,” Lt Juric remarked,“and our saying used to be ‘It’s Fridaynight in Woodlawn.’ It’s pay day, so peopleare drinking beer and wine.”The ’’hanging” man on Ellis turned outto be looking for something that fell out ofhis car. The reporter didn’t know whetherto be disappointed or relieved.The CrimeinOur Streets Dispatching: UC Officers Stanley Bus and Samuel EvansChecking: Lt. Nic JuricZ POLICEPaul StelterPatrolling: A University police car Sgt. John Brennan is a good-natured Ir¬ish cop who worked 29 years for the Chi¬cago police before retiring and joining theUniversity force full-time; Officer Pat (Ar¬thur) Papineau works as a full-time juve¬nile officer for the city. Together they setout in the squad car.“There is usually only one officer to acar, though sergeants occasionally ridearound with officers to see how things aregoing,” Sgt. Brennan began. “But I thinkwe should have two men in a car. A mandriving a car has all he can do just todrive.”Officer Papineau said, “This is probablythe most patrolled area in the city.” If theUniversity lets crime get out of hand, hecontinued, students might not come to Chi¬cago. Brennan, who felt “there is verylittle crime at the University because thearea is so well patrolled,” noted that notall the security force’s duties deal withcrime—“we take sick students to the hospi¬tal, for instance.”One way students can help fight bicycletheft is to register their bikes, Off. Pa¬pineau said. “Say I see some raggedy look¬ing kid riding around on an English racer.If I ask him where he got it, he’ll probablysay ‘he found it’ or he ‘bought it for $2.’ IfI can’t check a registration number, Ican’t do anything.”Papineau and Brennan also urged peopleto “call in suspicious activity—and not towait” until its all over and the participantshave dispersed. “If you should see kidsacting suspiciously, looking for open cars,over bike racks, call us right away.”“Your friend is a policeman,” the ser¬geant continued. “I know in all my ex¬perience that anyone who goes to a police¬man for help got it.”“Of course there are 15,000 policemen inChicago, and you can’t expect all of themto be good, honest men. But I’d say that 99percent of them are. See Pat here; he’sout moonlighting to see that his kids get agood education.”On the Chicago convention disorders,Sgt. Brennan said: “Most of the kids didn’tcome down to cause trouble. They wereagitated to this by a bunch of outsideagitators.“Now the hippies to me are mainly fineyoung people,” the sergeant continued.“Some of them think policemen won’t likethem because of their beards and longContinued on Page 21Maroon/December $, 1968/5r** B ~ *1. Wow! What is it?Python LTD.Fully equipped.2. What happened to your V iperMark IV?I just couldn’t identifywith that car. 3. That’s what you said aboutthe Sidewinder Eight.But a Python is some¬thing else. Four-on-the-floor, six-barrel carb,console tach ... andwhat a steal!4. Don’t you think you ought tohold onto a car more than amonth, Chet?When you see a greatbuy coming your way,you have to grab it. 5. That’s what I did yesterday-signed up for Living Insurancefrom Equitable. At my age thecost is low, and I get solidprotection now that will continueto cover my family later whenI get married. Plus a nicenest egg when I retire.With the right set ofwheels, you’ll go along way.For information about Living Insurance, see The Man from Equitable.For career opportunities at Equitable, see your Placement Officer, orwrite: Lionel M. Stevens, Manager, College Employment.theJJequitableThe Equitable Life Assurance Society of the United States1285 Avenue of the Americas, New York, New York 10019An Equal Opportunity Employer, M/F © Equitable 1968"ALL REMAINS QUIET on anotheroi Adam PowelTt many Ironts.Though the matter ol hit allegedmisappropriations ol governmentfunds and hit kickback arrange-menttwith hitwife and other con-grettional employeet wot aired inCongrett and the public print, noword concerning these doings hatcome from the Department ol Jus¬tice other than the statement,long long ago,that they were'under investi¬gation’." For a fro* copy olWm, F. tuckloy'sNATIONAL RE¬VIEW, writo: Oopt.K. 1J0 E. 35 Stroot,N. Y. 10016.r ANDERSON’SBULKOSERVICE STATIONHIGHEST QUALITY GASOLINEAT LOWEST PRICESFEATURING THEBULKO PANTRYA complete Grocery StoreOPEN 24 HOURS57th & COTTAGE GROVE1CARPET CITY6740 STONY ISLAND324-7998Ha« what you need from a $10used 9 x 12 Rug, to a customcarpet. Specializing in Rem¬nants 4 Mill returns at afraction of the original . costDecoration Colors and Qual¬ities. Additional 10% Discountwith this Ad.FREE DELIVERYHfMatddn/Dtctrtibtf 6 FOR SALEOnly 20 minutes onto Midway, Ivanhoe amodern 3 bedroom bfull basement, 2 carage, partly wooded, ltiful garden on riEvenings call 333-711 77 -PIZZAplatterPizza, Fried ChickenItalian FoodsCompare the Price!1460 E. 53rd Ml 3-2800WE DELIVERDR. AARON ZIMBLEROptometristeye examinationscontact lensesin theNew Hyde ParkShopping Center1510 E. 55th St.DO 3-7644UNIVERSITYBARBERSHOP1453 E. 57th ST.FIVE BARBERSWORKING STEADYFLOYD C. ARNOLDproprietor"I know the way homewith my eyes closed?*T.M. ©1968 Bristol-Myers Co. Then you know the way too well.Because driving an old familiar route can make youdrowsy, even when you're rested.When that happens, pull over, take a breakand take two NoDoz*’ Action Aids * They'll help youdrive home with your eyes open.NoDoz Action Aids. No car should be without them.Still Up AgainstThe Wall?live at the Hyde Park YMCA• inexpensive • clean• maid service o cafeteriao on Campus Bus route$14 Weekly .late AvailaoleImmediately to Studentsregister any day I 0 AM - I 0 PM1400 E. 53rd Street 324-5300JZesly s9mport», ^Srtc.„ 2235 So. MICHIGAN AVE.Expert foreign Tel> 326-2550car service. Don’t sit around the campusagain this weekend, wishing you weresome place else. Be there ... and back,fast with Ozark.And if you’re under 22, you qualify for Ozark’sYouth Fare. Your Identification Card, goodfor one year from date of issue, costs only $10and you save Yi on confirmed reserva¬tions. Call your travel agent or Ozark.go-getters goOZARKtdGDICIQifleni andCcflbzitause1450 E. 57™STREET Hyde Pq^’s Oldest andMost Distirigiiis’hedCoffeehouseView Streets with FearBy Barbara Hurst“I’ve been approached and/or touchedby strange men at least 12 times this quar¬ter,” one coe-d explained. This girl was notbragging; she was deeply concerned. Theabove is only one instance of a problemprevelant at and somewhat unique to theUniversity of Chicago.In the eyes of many students at Chicago,crime runs rampant in our streets, withterror a close second. One reason for thelack of an active student night life in HydePark may well be that people are afraid toleave their homes after dark.The Maroon has again run a survey, ran¬dom and otherwise, of University opinionon security and the lack of it, police pro¬tection and police oppression and anec¬dotes of personal contact with law enforce¬ment.Naturally enough, students intervieweddisplayed less concern over crime in HydePark than did those who answered thequestionnaire. Students living in dorms orUniversity-owned buildings were less dis¬turbed by the situation than were apart¬ment residents. Said Elanor Club residentJoan Serin, ’72, “I’ve never been accostedby anyone other than the police, askingwhere I was going. Walking at nightdoesn’t worry me, although according tothe dogma of the school I should be wor¬ried. I’m not worried at all.”Some have been pleasantly surprised bythe crime situation in Hyde Park. Said aformer Columbia University under¬graduate, “You expect to get muggedwhen you come here . .. It’s quieter here.”A first-year graduate student living inBroadview said the building hadn’t beenbothered at all “except for a few bicyclestaken.” Murrell DeFrance, ’68, felt thatthe only crime in the Laughlin Apartmentbuilding had been “a few television setsstolen from the main lounge.”For Lower Flint resident Bob Turner,70, the main crime problem at WoodwardCourt was “missing pool balls and cues.”“My roommate and I were held up at59th and Kenwood last year,” relates Da¬vid Brent, 70. We came up to a black guyand asked directions; he pulled a gun andasked for money. So we gave him money,naturally. We didn’t think of doing any¬thing until we passed New Dorms. We toldthe guards there what had happened.”The police went out immediately with asquad car, searching the streets for theman, Brent continued. “It was like playingcops and robbers. We came across a guywe thought might be him. The cops wereout of that car in no time, put him in aNelson to frish him and were really rack¬ing him up. Then my roommate and I real¬ized it wasn’t him. The guy called them a string of dirty names and they let him go.”Police said later, Brent added, that theman stopped had been a suspect before. Itwas not the first time he’d been stopped.“Then we came back, filled out someforms, and talked to another guy; a fewdays later, some dude called on us in ourapartment to let us go over mug shots. Ithought it was pretty nice of them to go toall that trouble for the $3.00 which was sto¬len—but then it was an armed robbery.”Many students have not actually ex¬perienced personal attack or injury; yetmore than 90 percent of students inter¬viewed walk the streets in fear of such anoccurence.4I am planning tomove out of Hyde Parkto a safer community.’“I am planning to move out of HydePark to a safer community,” one studentresponded. “I am looking for an apart¬ment north,” said another.As members of an institution devoted tohigher learning, many students were typi¬cally philosophical. “Being in Hyde Parkis a bad situation,” one said, “because oneis forced to regard people on the street asa possible threat, especially at night. Thisdefensiveness or fear, especially towardsblacks, is a definite building block forrepressive response against those who wefeel threaten us.”Jerry Lipsch, president of Student Gov¬ernment, said “The way poor people try tomake a life for themselves includes crimeout of necessity. Either psychological con¬ditions create a hostility that has to be re¬leased, or the objective conditions of sur¬viving include stealing, to have what theythink is important to them.“I think that hostility (of the commu¬nity) toward students is at least justifiedmore because they (students) are associ¬ated with an institution that is perceivedas an enemy. That is why the replacementunits for South Campus are so important.It’s important for the University to treatthe community as people.”Fatalism, or perhaps mere acceptance,is another philosophy expressed. “There isviolence everywhere. It takes a lot of com¬mon sense to live in the city.”Crime, however, does not only keep stu¬dents quaking in the streets, but oftenquaking in their own homes, afraid to evenwalk through Hyde Park'at night.Several of the apartment residents inter¬viewed said that their apartments had been burglarized or robbed of money,record players, cameras, typewriters, or(in one case) the luggage of a visiting in¬coming freshman. Students owning carssaid they had no trouble on the streets,except with traffic policemen (those without-of-state licenses usually had to pay a$25 cash bond or be put in jail).While some apartment residents took amoderate view of Hyde Park crime, (“Idon’t go out of my way to walk in theevening after dark, but I’m not terrified”),others were not at all intimidated by thestreets. Said one University graduate,nowin his fourth year of Hyde Park apartmentliving, “I’ve never been held up or as¬saulted — maybe once I knew someonewho was. I never had the feeling that Iwas taking my life into my hands by walk¬ing at night.”Steve Liner, ’69, expressed similar opin¬ions: “Nothing has ever happened to me oranybody I know; I’m not afraid. I’ve hearda theory that there would be much lesscrime in Hyde Park if there was less fear,if there was a mental attitude of citizensnot afraid of anything.”Some students interviewed mentioned fa¬vorable experiences with the Universityand city police. One physics departmentteaching assistant praised the depart¬ment’s speed: “In the six or seven timesI’ve called them,” he said, “they normallygot to my apartment within a minute.”One boy told how he and his friends“drank iced tea with a campus cop at 3a.m. We had been talking about communalmarriage when some little old lady com¬plained to the police. Then a campus copsaved us from four city policemen” (twoat front, two at back of apartment). “Hecame up, knocked on the door, and said‘Listen, when it gets to be 3 a.m., smokesome pot, take some pills, do whatever youhave to do but go to sleep.’ After we in¬vited him, he came in for iced tea.”Fourth year graduate student DavidFriedman said, “In general, my ex¬periences with policemen have been veryfavorable, as far as responding quickly,and being reasonably courteous and friend¬ly. Whenever I see a police car, I wave.They have a lonely job; they’re in a situ¬ation that is very destructive of human re¬lations.”‘Many people I havetalked to would noteven consider cominginto this neighborhoodat night.’ “Crime in Hyde Park,” said one student,“prevents me from attending many leclur- :es, plays and concerts at night. Several Iyears ago, the University used to presentconcerts on Sunday afternoons. Why can’tthey do it again? Unless the crime situ¬ation is improved, the new theater pro- !posed for the campus will probably notdraw as much audience from outside HydePark as expected, either. Many peopleinto this neighborhood at night.”This sentiment was echoed by a surpris¬ing number of students. “Crime here keeps jme from attending many activities at nightthat I would attend if they were held in theafternoon. Why can’t some movies, con¬certs and lectures be held in the after¬noon?”Although some students feel threatenedand at times oppressed by police, most arewilling to put up with even an increasedforce in order not to feel threatened by alack of security.^We need a betterrapport betweenstudents and police.’“I would rather feel oppressed by thepresence of more police than be attackedbecause police numbers were insufficient.Perhaps it is a question of the lesser oftwo evils, but I prefer too many police tonot enough of them.” This student went onto say, “We need a better rapport betweenstudents and police. No matter how de¬plorable police actions might have been inAugust, we need police for protection inHyde Park, like it or not, and calling them‘pigs’ and being generally troublesome to¬wards them won’t inspire the police to helpus when we really need them. Studentsmust come to realize this.”Most students do not differentiate in anyway between campus and city police, al¬though the majority feel that the campusshoulder patch is sufficient identification.Those who do see some difference feel thatcampus police are more sympathetic to¬wards students and are less likely to takethe “hardline” of city police against hip¬pies.Some went so far as to say that thereshould be no city police in Hyde Park andthat the campus force should be enlargedenough to be able to handle all coverage.Most students do not seern overly con¬cerned with the police, except insofar asthey feel the police are not doing a suf¬ficient job in curtailing crime. But whetherthis is because the force is too small orwhether the amount of crime in the area istoo large, students don’t know and few areable to make any suggestions.53rd Street Merchants Feel Loss of Student BusinessBusinessmen on 53rd Street have beenconcerned by a loss of business this fall,which they believe is partially due to fearof students for their safety on the street.At a meeting Monday, called to form a53rd St. merchant’s association, the con¬sensus was that something must be done toimprove security on the street.During the summer two security guardswere hired by the shops in Harper Court tohelp keep the court clear of loiterers. “Wearen’t against banjo players or anyone whowants to sit,” said the owner of Plus, ashop in the court. “We want them to beable to relax without being bothered bydrunks and types who accost girls.”Mr. Tielman of Accent stated that hefound Julian Levi receptive to the prob¬lems of the merchants. As one merchantsaid, “Without students the 53rd St. busi¬nesses cannot survive.” A frightening place? 53rd street at night David Travis.J - iw ManxmJDecember fi.KTONIGHTThe Electric Theatre Co. preseats atThe Kinetic Playground4812 No. ClarhDeep PurpleLee MichalsTOMORROW (Dec 7)Show Starts 7:30 — tickets at the doorNEXT WEEKDEC. 13. 14Iron ButterflyMasters of DeceitTickets: Marshall Field's, Ticket Central,Crawford's, at the dooror call 784-1700 ColumbiaRecordsGoes Heavyat $3 89STEREO PTICONWORLD PREMIEREA Unique Feature FllnMANDEL HALLSaturaday Night7:00-8:30-10:00Admission seventy-five centsSTEREOPTICONI A New Approach to the EdgeDepartment of MusicContemporary Chamber Players RecitalJAN HERLINGER FluteJOHN COBB PianoStravinsky • Schoenberg • Shapey • Varese • othersFriday .DECEMBER 6. 8:30MANDEL HALLADMISSION FREE- What didyou sayabout ourlittle sister?COCA<OlA ANO COKC AA£ AfGlSTCACO TRADE MAA«$ WHICH IDENTIFY ONlY IhE PRODUCT OF Th£ COCA COlA COMPANY.Just that she’s mad about the refreshing taste of Coca-Cola.It has the taste you never get tired of. That’s why thingsgo better with Coke, after Coke, after Coke.MM mdm ■» •» m Cm,., fcy.Coca-Cola Bottling Company of Chicago - Chicago, Illinois/Maroon/December 6, 1S6S RIL€Yrinc■l iiiRnMin nnna trip ADDISS AND CROFUTEASTERN FERRIS WHEELINCLUDING:FORTY DAYS/HE IS THERETHE JIMMY SONG/SULIRAMSPRINGBrubeck and Ives withan Eastern touch*2.89ROCK AND OTHERFOUR LETTERHi? iRpal WORDS ; ^ULTIMATE O I Xttllt 71 L”e?T!DERANGED! VUE ' *7 WILDGREAT i BLISSFUL! Sdrtlic Erotic ^• MW1< V MOTMiC \GUv6lCUaJUiQ, /«^» , rjny* r *REBLLVf Lci.sontiisomething; ^nu *««*..«;t„*OUChvr.iW £ MARKS** LEBZEUERiGllOOYVflNTENSE & BE®?V REALLY Ibut ftpaaimablp TRANS-ELECTRONIC MUSIC PRODUCTIONS.INC.PRESENTSSWITCH ED-ON BACHVIRTUOSO ELECTRONIC PERFORMANCES OF:BRANDENBURG CONCERTO NO 3 "AIR ON A G STRING'"JESU. JOY OF MAN'S DESIRING"PRELUDES AND FUGUES FROM“THE WELL TEMPERED CLAVIER”PERFORMED ON THE MOOG SYNTHESIZERblues, acid, gospel, electronicswild! Electronic Bach onthe Moog SynthesizerTrip On Overto LOWESLook to Lowes forservice... selection... savings1538 East 55th St. MU 4-1505Mon.- Fri. 9:30 to 9Sun. 12-5* iu tvytuwi 6*iU DVM.HiJ u • o*.vThe Rangers andBy Gar got MurrayThe role of the police in the local com¬munity is a crucial and a problematic one.Difficulties in police-community relationsin black communities particularly havemade urgent the necessity for a re-eval¬uation of the function of police in a com¬munity, of the powers which they shouldexercise, of the tactics appropriate to theproblems encountered. The Gang In¬telligence Unit (GIU), in its dealings withthe black communities immediately adja¬cent to the University, particularly in itsdealings with the Blackstone Rangers,presents a striking and disturbing exampleof a highly problematic, unsatisfactory po-1 i c e-community relationship. The dis¬cussion which follows was derived in partfrom an interview taken by the membersof Students for an Open Chicago out of itsgrowing concern about the extreme diffi¬culties previously and presently encoun¬tered by the Ranger organization in inter¬action with the GIU in Woodlawn and adja¬cent communities.The Gang Intelligence Unit (G. I. U.) wasformed in 1967 “to eliminate the antisocialand criminal activities of groups of minorsand young adults in the various commu¬nities within the city.” From the beginningthe aim of the GIU has been openly todestroy “gangs” which it believes areuniformly destructive institutions. In histestimony before the McClellan Senatesubcommittee investigating the TWO JobTraining project in June 1968, Lt. Buckney,head of the Gang Intelligence Unit, com¬mented on the Rangers’ prevention of po¬tential riots: “They (friends of theRangers) are trying to build these fellowsup as the only ones in the community thatcan keep the peace ... That is part of thecrusade against law and order and againstthe constituted authority. If they can make;hat kind of contention prevail, everybodys confidence in constituted authorityad government itself and, therefore, it isruled by gangsterism.” Buckney said fur¬ ther: “If we can divorce this adult in¬fluence and get some of the hard-core lead¬ership out of the way, we feel that theagencies which are created to deal withthe problem can then do the things thatwere designed for these kids.”The efforts of the GIU have been di¬rected primarily against the BlackstoneRangers, the largest and most powerful ofChicago youth gangs. Certainly problemsposed by inter-gang violence have beenserious. However, a consideration of boththe efforts of the Rangers to address theseproblems and those of the police will showmuch to be desired on the police side. Infact, the police are considered by many tobe a major force in disrupting constructiveactivities and aggravating the problems ofgang groups.It is significant that neither the head ofthe GIU nor its* membership are recruitedon the basis of special training or ex¬perience with youth or familiarity withghetto environments. Lt. Edward Buck-ney's qualifications for his position as headof the GIU are not impressive. Joining thepolice force in 1954, he “spent his first fiveyears directing traffic at the corner ofState and Madison.” Following his trafficcareer, Buckney was appointed temporarySergeant by police chief 0. W. Wilson. Subsequently, however, he failed the ser¬geant’s exam and was reduced to partrol-man. From there he entered Wilson’s of¬fice and not long after transferred to atraining division where he “taught crimi¬nal law” for 5 years. “I am what you calla street lawyer,” he claimed, havinglearned from “association” rather thanfrom formal schooling. During this periodBuckney was appointed to sergeant andthen lieutenant. Finally after serving ascommanding officer in a robbery unit, hewas appointed to command the new GIUand to recruit its membership himself.Until this year, the GIU included 38members. In November, however, follow¬ing the elections in which the Rangersplayed a significant political role in theVOL 7«. NO 43 The Chicago MaroonCHICAGO, ILLINOIS, TUESDAY, APRIL 9, 19U FoundedIn 1892Dr. King s Death Stirs Campus;University Closes for the DayMILITARY IN WOOOLAWN Army troop* patrol • Woodlawn business stra*t tcattarad inckfentsbroke out over the weekendTHREE ARRESTEDMarchers Clash With Troops•y tOI INSISTThree hundred demonstrators,mostly white, got a small tasteSaturday afternoon of the violencesnd tenseness in Chicago as theymarched to the Chicago Ave Na¬tional Guard armory with leaflets«nd were met with bayonetsAbout 38 University students tookPvt hi the demonstration and atleast throe of them were arrestedThe confrontation stemmed froma noon vigil and rally in honor ofthe late Rev. Dr. Martin LutherKing. Jr in the Civic Center Whenpolice ordered participants Is dis¬perse because they had no permit,the group decided te walk to theArmory, a mile away, and per¬suade National Guardsumn to re¬frain from violenceAs the demonstrators reachedthe Armory, about 3M soldiers tered copies of a “Plea to theTroops,” urging the soldiers not tokUl people in the ghettos snd togo home to your families.”MISPRINTTim Maroon will next pub¬lish Tuesday. April 15. Dues misprint in The Ma-roon't publication calender,no advertisements werecontracted for this Fridaysnd, consequently no pa¬per could appear withoutconsiderable financial baa. white Chicago police ordered themaway from the Armory,knocked to the ground, beaten, anddragged sway. Reports circulated placed at arme-iengtb all aroundthe building Ten soldiers guardedthe entrance to the tennis courts bback of the Armory. About a hun¬dred demonstrators were left tothe areaSome had come to the mm gath¬ering of Students for a DemocraticSociety, Student Mobilisation CoroTen te Page 4 •y JOHN MOSCOWThe University will be closed to¬day in honor of the late Rev. Dr.Martin lather King, who was as¬sassinated Thursday evening inMemphis All normal Universityfunctions will be suspended, exceptfor the dormitories and hospitalswhich will be open as usualAmong other effects id the as¬sassination and subsequent riots toChicago on the University commu¬nity were•A Friday night exodus of blackstudents from the dormitories;•A Saturday afternoon memori¬al service in honor of Dr King:•The cancellation of all Satur¬day evening Liberal Arts Confer¬ence events following the imposttton sf a efty wide curlew for peop¬le under » years old;•Tbs emigration of s sub-stantla! bomber 9 stOSanti from'JjTmaas meeting of Woodlawnyouths on the Midway;•The cancellation of alJ eventsscheduled for Monday evening andTuesday, Including the planningmeeting of the Young Democratsand the tuberculosis tests for third-year students; and•Plans to aid the rfc* victimsBut ths overall reaction of theUniversity community to the weekend s event! wan fewOne girl to New Dorms pot It■imply “I found it hard to rsdtosthat I’m to s riot arts Hare I amfrustrated by being uninvolved andyet very frightened to become in-Rumors < i rampant through-arid to chock out ths validity ofMs stories that they heardStock State* Waft OatAmong the first students to bealarmed by the potential violence SLAIN UEADff: Or **n»,-spkSk-ing in Mendet Hell rteofly.were black radicals to the dorad-tortes They met to Ida Noyes Hatearly on Friday and decided the*ail black students should at towtemporarily move outside of threached Hyde Park.due to a feeling that thatpresence to the dormitories mightbe detrimental to the black mrsn-ment Other sources stated MMthe blacks left because they wansafraid of "genocide” and a efffcreaction against ten to tbs 4tomitories themselves.After the exodus, however, manyof the black students feared mawslve retribution by the admtototrwtion for their mass exodus fromths dorms They were informed byseveral authoritative sources, how¬ever. that there would categor-Rangers, Disciples Hold Peace Talks■r MICHAEL tBPMAM1fee Mttny late_inl .fliclAl], buried the baAof tear gee into the deroonehreton. ^ Leaden of the two teeMgeand the uee of mace ant reportni i WoodUnb uoupe agreed te abet-Twenty eight deroooetraten were warfare and unite tearretted end dnrged with die. work tor the betterment of theorderly conduct, obetruettng theweek of a police officer, end re-etetbig afreet. according to SteveChrtetopher Hohoao. a frtthietetudttd hi political ecienee endditch Hilton, 71. ware eta.wLh bee woraeddeeafT with the MASSED ON THE MIDWAY, 2000 BlaAetone Bengtn end Eaat‘They ohyeettdleaa peat- Me Okwiplee band tOBefhnr temnnrartly M efri ft* axnmundy1M It Fuel recovery effort.longer article: hart year** Maroon carried this Ranger story in lower-righihand comer. Gang IntelligenceGrowingcommitment tointer-gang andcommunitypeaceblack boycott effort against Daley, the de¬cision was made to expand the GIU from38 to 200 members. The reasons given were“the widespread disorder and crime in thestreets,” particularly “the South and West-side black communities . . . where thereare the greatest youth gang activities andmembers.” Of special concern to Buckneywas Ranger participation in a communitydevelopment program run by the Kenwood-Oakland Community Organization (KOCO)through which Rangers’ growing politicalinvolvements and their economic and so¬cial influence in the community would beenhanced. According to the Daily Defend¬er, “Buckney expressed reservations aboutthe program because he had learned thenew group will hire youth gang membersas ‘organizers’ . . . Buckney said the bigreason the gangs continue to flourish is be¬cause of the large sums of money theyhave been given by the government andprivate sources as well. “As long as theycontinue to get money for doing nothing wewill have this problem.”The GIU might be a fine institution in¬deed if its view of the groups like theRangers and their relationship to theghetto community were accurate. How¬ever, a very strong case can be made forthe constructive role of the Rangers inSouth side ghetto communities.The problems of violent competitionamong youth organizations such as theRangers and Disciples are serious. Theyare the result of the boredom, disillusionand frustration bred by a world of littlepeace or order, or justice of opportunity,plagued by an endless waste of human po¬tentials. During the past few years, how¬ever, the Ranger organization has begun todemonstrate the great positive potentialsof gang organizations and to provide aclearly constructive alternative to the de¬solation of ghetto existence. The unusualsensitivity and responsiveness of theRangers to natural potentials of the ghettoenvironment, developed directly out of thedemands of concrete situations, are inlarge part responsible for effective controlover 4000 members in 4 or 5 communities.By continuing to respond to salient prob¬lems of ghetto existence with readilymeaningful solutions, the Rangers are ableto involve, discipline and motivate ghettoyouth and provide a source of order intheir community more powerful than anyoutside institution. Presently, the estab¬lished reputation and operational effective¬ness of the Ranger organization providesits membership with protection, prestige,confidence, pride and hope — things thatno agency, the community, family or pro¬gram has been able to do.Besides exercising extensive control overthe attitudes and activities of 90% of theyouth in Ranger areas, the Rangers possesstremendous political and social power inthese communities generally. They exert amajor directive influence over local in¬stitutions (schools, churches, and commu¬nity organizations) such that these in¬stitutions have been compelled to takeRanger opinions and demands into careful consideration in initiating significant pol¬icies and activities. In particular this in¬fluence has resulted in the inclusion ofRangers in community programs run bycommunity organizations such as TWO’sOEO and KOCO’s current TRF project.Realization of the constructive potentialsof the Ranger organization has been stead¬ily occuring over the past 3 years. Since1966 they have become increasingly com¬mitted to directing Ranger skills, energiesand numbers into productive activities tobecome an important, positive force in thecommunity. In particular, the growing pro¬portion of maturing Ranger members hasbeen significant in extending their con¬ception of the Ranger organization fromthat of a temporary youth affiliation tothat of a permanent, functional, respectedpart of the total community. The adult ori¬entation of the Rangers is clearly ex¬pressed in their desire to develop stablepolitical, social, and economic roles inwhich the Ranger organization would con¬tribute to the welfare of the communityand provide stable, meaningful, productivecareers for its members. ’Over the pastthree years these aims have begun to berealized through Ranger participation in alarge number of different programs —such as running job training and lead¬ership programs, tutoring programs andrecreation centers, operating in coopera¬tion with the Chicago Theological Semi¬nary, two cooperative living houses; cur¬rently they are opening a restaurant andsetting up a political education center di¬rected toward involving the Ranger organi¬zation in constructive ways with both whiteand black high school and college students.Another important expression of theRanger’s positive orientation has beentheir growing commitment to inter-gangand community peace. Although repeatedlydenied by the city and the GIU, the pow¬erful position of the Rangers in Woodlawnand other communities has given them theability to determine the nature of the inter¬action — violent or peaceful — of the youthpopulations with both the white and blackcommunities and institutions. The pastthree years have seen the development ofefficient self-policing, patrolling and. sur¬veillance operations to reduce intergangand general community violence. The mostconvincing expression of their commitmentto peace has been their direct role in quell¬ing a number of potential riot situations —notably during the time of the Westsideriots in the summer of 1966, at ForrestvilleHigh in the Summer of 1967, and in re¬sponse to the explosive situation followingMartin Luther King’s assassination. Con¬sistent with this general orientation, whilethe Rangers continue to be the most un¬compromisingly independent of blackgroups, they are highly unsympathetic tomost black militant groups. Their own ex¬perience has demonstrated repeatedly theimpossibility of developing viable blackcommunities isolated from the larger eco¬nomic and political environment. Violent,separatist solutions to the problems of the?^ontmc^Qrk{Poge i?Ui „Maroon/December 6. 1968/9r~ rt t' ~\ a-i ;v;vWhy didrft you sayyou always wanteda freechecking account?Unlimited free checking when you open a PASS¬PORT ONE Savings Account. Look what else youget: A free safety deposit box, for your valuables. Apersonal line of credit up to $5000. Plus member¬ship in an international travel plan. All this, withyour PASSPORT ONE Savings Account. The mini¬mum balance is $1000 and we pay you 4% interestcompounded quarterly.Hyde Park Bank and Trust Co., 53rd & Lake ParkPhone 752-4600MEMBER FEDERAL OC*OStT INSURANCE CORPORATION Hyde ParkBank■ ■ M > LI » -Ml I I \l «PtRfOPMANCtS NiGH I l.v THRU DAWN FOi lt‘W<Ni> tAS.1 RtGuLAR f F A T o R fTHURSDAYNovember 21Joanne WoodwardA BIG HAND FOBTHE LITTLE IADY November 28Best Fie '66 Village VoiceJohn Ford sSEVEN WOMENFRIDAY December SCornel W.ldeNAKED PREYNovember 22Howard Hawks/John WayneRIO BRAVO November 29Fellini sr/iSATURDAY - December 6Jonathan WintersTHE LOVED ONENovember 23Raquel WelchFANTASTIC VOYAGE November 30 December 7Fellini s Peter O’Toole Richard BurtonJULIETTE OF THE SPIRITS BECKETPIUS Tha Playboy Serial' —Every Night A New ChapterROOSEVELT UNIVERSITYBAROQUE ENSEMBLEAll Couperin program observing 300th Anniversaryof composer’s birth.Henry Griz, violinDeVere Moore, oboeRichard Graef, fluteAlice Lawrence Baker, celloJoseph Urbinato, bassoonRobert Conant, harpsichordAssisted by Felix Ganz, HarpsichordWEDNESDAY, DEC. It, 8:00 P.M.GANZ HALL Rm. 745Roosevelt University, 430 S. MichiganAdmission $2. Students with I.D. $1Limited EngagementA Wild Western ComedyIBS DUTH RID UTS OFSNEAKY FITCHstarring Jerry Harperwith Win StrackeGoodman Theatre200 S Columbus Dr.CE 6-]1 he Odd Shopat THOMAS IMPORTSJewelry - African ClothingRobes - Black PaintingComing: Books from Africa10% Student D iscount1352 East 53rd 684-6370 IA GUERRE “So far abovethe otherthriller filmscomparisonwould befoolish.Beautifullymade andacted.”-Bosley Crowther,N. Y. Times“A master¬piece. One ofthe all-timegreats.”-Archer Winsten.N Y. Post“A triumphand a thriller.Erotic scenesof outrightbeauty”- Judith Crist, WJTA film byALAIN RESNAISstarring2424 N. Lincoln YVES MONTAND andat Fullerton-Halsted INGRID THULIN•ione block east of introducingFullerton “El” stop GENEVIEVE BUJOLDA Brandon Films ReleaseTel.: 528-9126EST FINIEFREE PARKING2438-40 N. HalstedStudent rate Mon. thru Thurs. SI.SOFor special group rates, call 247-6646 or 528-9126FUN WORKING IN EUROPEGUARANTEED JOBS ABROAD! Get paid, travel, meet people,SUMMER and YEAR ROUND. 20 countries, 9 paying job cate¬gories offered. For FREE cultural program literature includingdetails and applications, write: ISIS, Admissions, 133 rue Hoteldes Monnaies, Brussels 6, Belgium. A Non-Profit Student Mem¬bership Organization.10/Maroon'December 6, 1968 HYDE PARKSTARTS FRI. DEC. 6th MOTHERSHIP IS World's first MOVIMOBIIEOne hour shows daily11 am to 6 Kids6 to 1 am AdultsHyde Park Shopping Center54th i Lake ParkSTARTS MONDAYIE m IJ"A Gold Mino of Good Food"IO %Student DiscountHYDE PARK S BESTCANTONESE FOOD5228 HARPERHY 3-2559(Eat More For Less)Try our Convenient TAKE-OUT OrdersINGMAR BERGMAN'SJEANNE MOREAU"THE BRIDEWORE BLACK” GOLD CITY INNMaroonCINEMAChicago Ave. at Michiganstory of 2 college pro¬fessors & a student all inove with the same girlEbert Sun-Times‘Put together like a HitchcockLesner News‘‘Fascinating F ilm”Terry Tribune‘‘Compelling story”Barzel American‘Its excel lent is unquestioned'Dirk BogardeStanley BakerA Joseph LoseyHarold Pinter Film“ACCIDENT” In ColorwithI.D. CardGood every ’aybut SatMrdayACE HARDWARE1320 E. 63rd• Paint • Housewares• Tools • Electrical& Plumbing Supplies• Glass & Installation• Lock & Key ServiceServing Hyde Park—Woodlawn since 1901HY 3-2788 Clarkenjoy ourspecial studentrate75C at alltimesfor college studentspresenting i.d. cardsat our boy office• different double featjredai'yt ope.i 7:3C a.m.-lateshow 3 a.m.• Sunday film guild• every wed. and fri. isladies day—all gals 50clittle gal lery for galsonlydark parking-1 doorsouth4 hrs. 95c after 5 p mwrite for your freemonthly prograrnClark & madison fr 2-78431THEBOOKNOOKSpecial OrdersModern LibraryFull Line New DirectionsMost Paperback Lines10% Student Discount1540 E. 55th ST. MI3-75I1The University still supports the SECC,and past University presidents GeorgeBeadle and Lawrence Kimpton haveserved as presidents of the commission.The present executive director of the SECCis Julian Levi, brother of University presi¬dent Edward Levi.Blackiston says, “We keep after the po¬lice, following up on local crimes, in¬vestigating patterns of crime in HydePark, trying to improve police coverage ofHyde Park.” He cites as an example of thekind of work the SECC does the fact thaton its recommendation the city police last W. Wilson, introduced computerized tally¬ing of crimes.Blackiston also had comments on thespecial problems Hyde Park has as a Uni¬versity community. He said that this Uni¬versity is better off than most universitieswould be here. “The things that make thedifference,” he said are the facts that“this is not a big University, and it is nottop heavy with undergraduates.” He alsostated that problems between students andpolice are largely due to misunder¬standings and to stereotype images.“You’ve got to have cooperation,” he said.^Naturally, not every youth between theages of 14 and 24 commits crimes.’David TravisMaroon/December 6, 1968/11The 53rd Street YMCA seems an unlikely)lace to find Hyde Park’s most detailedind documented information on local se¬curity. It is there, however, that Donald31ackiston, the South East Chicago Com-nission's “law enforcement representa¬tive” has his office, a room filled to over¬flowing with the documents, charts, mapsland reports he has accumulated in the 16■■ ■ ' - ‘ —— mi*k cpppDespres on Crime1 The basic crime problem in Chicagoand in Hyde Park,” said Alderman LeonDespres” is that the population group thatcommits most crimes, the 14-24 age group,is likely to double in the next ten years.The group has increased and will continueto increase.“In addition, the city is doing a miser-! able job of alienating a number of good| young blacks.Naturally, not every youth between theages of 14 and 24 commits crimes,” Des¬pres said — but at present, he felt, the cityis increasing the number of “violent, alien¬ated unbalanced, antisocb’ types.”Combating crime, the alderman said,“requires a high degree of community co¬operation. uur community is highly trainedin cooperation” before Urban Renewal, forinstance — “but since then, the methods ofcooperation have fallen into disuse. It isnecessary to bring them out again, but thecommunity has not yet felt the crisis.Regular police protection, Despres said,“is far superior to what it was ten yearsago.’ He cited improved police commu¬nications, and added that the University security has contributed to this improve¬ment.Alderman Despres supported a three-point plan to reduce crime in Hyde Park,which included a community lighting pro¬gram, active block groups, and civilianwatch patrols.Hyde Park, the alderman said, “needs avast increase in light. The street lights arebetter than ever before, but we must alsolight more corners, porches, doorways,halls, and back doors.” Despres called for“a massive community effort” to improvethe lighting, and commented that it wouldnot be too expensive.Despres felt that active blcck groupscould create activity in the streets andmake walking safer for other citizens. “Ur¬ban renewal has diminished night activityin Hyde Park,” Despres said.One civilian patrol already exists in thecommunity, the alderman noted: at 51stand Ellis a radio based auxiliary patrolacts as “eyes and ears” for the area in ad¬dition to regular police protection. Despreswholeheartedly supported such groups,“provided that they are protected from be¬coming vigilante groups.”Blackiston, who has a master’s and doc¬torate degree in social psychology andcriminology from the University, describeshis job as “getting the ipost possible out ofall agencies.” He came to the SECC inSeptember of 1952, four months after itwas organized by a University committeein response to the University’s growingconcern over the rapidly deteriorating se-April redistributed its beats so that theUniversity area from 47th to 61st Streets isnow all in one beat, rather than split as itwas previously. The SECC is also respon¬sible for pushing prosecutions, and Black¬iston said that SECC work had a lot to dowith the recent prosecution in which threemen were convicted of the murder of RoyGutmann.Not all the SECC’s activities are directlyconcerned with crime, however, Blackistonsaid that urban renewal was one of theSECC’s first projects. As he put it, “Urbanrenewal was pretty doggone flimsy at thetime the SECC was set up.”Talking about crime in Hyde Park,Blackiston emphasized the difficulty of as¬certaining how the situation has changedover the past decade. “There used to bemore violent crimes — assaults, robberies—than now,” he said. Now crimes runmore to purse snatchings, auto thefts. It isimpossible to make an exact comparison,he pointed out, because it is only in thepast few years that the Chicago police de¬partment, under the superintendency of 0. “Students have the conception that the po¬lice are devious, but really they aren’t.”Police, on the other hand, get a bad im¬pression of students, because “the onesthey run into are the ones who causetrouble.”As for police harassment, Blackistonstated that it’s not as bad now as it used tobe, “four or five years ago.” He also pointed out that under the new Supreme Courtruling, police have the right to stop andquestion anyone, and added, “I think theydon’t do it enough.”Speaking on the nature of crime here,Blackiston said that violent assaults are in¬frequent. “We don’t get many knifings orshootings. Even the type of robberies don’tseem to be of the vicious types. As fornarcotics he said “We know every raidthat’s been made here. It’s not bad here.”Gangs account for little crime, he stated.“Only three incidents in the past two yearscould be attributed to gangs operating asgangs. The three and four thousand mem¬ber gangs — that’s just a bunch of hotair.”cWe keep after the police, following upon local crimes^ investigating patternsof crime in Hyde Park, trying toimprove police coverage.’Protecting Ybur 1 ;, *>**»* ft •' jj '•'•*A»i»3# ••■ j|i# r f rk&MM nx:v,fi\S ss- ^^s-3*: lmpos tfnBy Blair KilpatrickpetitionOn Behalf of Silent Soviet JewryPresented to the Secretary General of the United Nations on the Occasionof the 20th Anniversary of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights URGENT!!Reward of *15.00 offered for returp of briefcaseand/or papers lost in bookstore, Tuesday, Dec. 3.Papers are irreplacable. Please call 684*821 1 forarrangements. Anonymity guaranteed.The challenge to mankind to promote world-wide respect forhuman rights and fundamental freedoms as embodied b> theUniversal Declaration of Human Rights has been shattered bythe Soviet Union in its treatment of its Jewish citizens.Freedom of Thought, Conscience and Religion — Article 18"Everyone has the right to freedom of thought, conscience andreligion: this right includes freedom to change his religion orbelief; . . . and ... to manifest his religion or belief in teach¬ing, practice, worship and observance.”Jews are forbidden to publish religious literature, and cannotproduce devotional articles. Seminaries and training schoolsfor rabbis and religious teachers do not exist. Jews in the SovietUnion are not permitted a central or coordinated structure.The Right of Departure — Article 13, Paragraph 2“Everyone has the right to leave any country, including hisown, and to return to his country.”Premier Kosygin's promise in December 1966 on the reunitingof families has not been fulfilled. The Soviet Union negates its public support of the Covenanton Civil and Political Rights, and theUNESCO Convention Against Discrimination in Education,which it ratified. The Soviet Union has completely disregardedthe rights and privileges belonging to ethnic minorities asstated in Articles 27 and 5 (lc) of the Covenant and theConvention, respectively.Covenant on Civil and Political Rights — Article 27“In those States in which ethnic, religious or linguistic minor¬ities exist, persons belonging to such minorities shall not bedenied the right, in community with the other members of theirgroup, to enjoy their own culture, to profess and practice theirown religion, or to use their own language.”UNESCO Convention Against DiscriminationIn Education — Article 5 (1c)“It is essential to recognize the right of members of nationalminorities to carry on their own educational activities, includ¬ing the maintenance of schools and, depending on the educa¬tional policy of each State, the use or the teaching of theirown language. . . .”Jewish cultural, educational and communal institutions, in¬cluding publishing houses have been closed in the SovietUnion. Although Yiddish is an official national language, nota single Yiddish school is permitted.WE, THEREFORE, respectfully call upon the Secretary General of the United Nations to inscribe this issueon the agenda of the General Assembly which is now in session.Name Address, City and StateReturn to * B’nai B’rith Hitlel Foundation,5715 Wood I awn, Chicago, III. 60637,ORAmerican Jewish Conference on Soviet jewry,55 West 42nd Street, New Gork, N.Y. 10036.12/Maroon/December 6, 196811 *<$t ,<1 tsdiiwiCl noornM HOBBY CENTERSLOT RACING HDQ.CHEMICAL APPARATUS “H.O” "N” TRAINROCKETS &ROCKET SUPPLIESARTS & CRAFTSTOYS, MODELS,GAMES. ETC.OPEN SUNDAYSDependable Serviceon your Foreign Car.,A ^ _ '■*VW’s encouraged now. 2 Factory trained mechanicshave joined us. Quicker service. Open til 8 P.M-Grease fit oi* change done evenings by appt.Hyde Park Auto Service • 7646 S. Stony Island 734-6393Same Day 5 Hr. Cleaning No Extra ChargeCustom Quality Cleaning 10% Student Discount.362 E. 53rd I / ^52^933whatever is new in hairstyling . . .PERMANENTS • TINTING • CUTTING • \'WAV INRANDELL \Beauty and Cosmetic Salon \AIR CONDITIONED9P?n Evenings by Appoln^eaL=5700 HARPER AVENUE FAirfax 4-2007“There’s no locks for thieves,” was thesole comment of one hardware store ownerwhen asked about the best methods forsafeguarding an apartment.Any lock obviously is useless if a burglartries to bore a hole in the door, but thereare a number of precautions any studentcan take to protect his apartment.Most burglaries take place in largeapartment buildings between the hours of 9am and 4 pm, according to Detective Wil¬liam McWhinney, Area 1 burglary division.He added that students should be wary ofallowing strangers inside their buildings.Large parties in which many guests areunknown to the host often result in thefts.When subletting, students should try to becertain that enquirers are legitimate¬ly interested in the apartment. Individualsposnig as door-to-door salesmen must alsobe regarded with suspicion, he said.When an apartment must be left unoccu¬pied, the shades should be drawn and somelights and a radio left on, in order to givethe impression that someone is at home.Mail, newspapers, and other deliveriesshould be temporarily stopped or removedby neighbors.Keys should never be left under door¬mats, in mailboxes, or in similar hidingplaces. It is unwise to have large amountsof money or other valuables in the apart¬ment. Students should always keep the se¬rial numbers of television sets and any oth¬er items that could be traced if stolen.A deadlock is the safest form of protec¬tion. The $6 jimmy-proof deadlock wouldremain fastened if the entire door wereblown away, according to university stu¬dent and Anderson’s hardware employeeJohathan Klein. The Squarebolt Deadlockfor $4.95 is nearly as strong as the jimmy-proof deadlock. If a door has glass thatcould be broken in order to reach the lock,a twin cylinder deadlock should be in¬stalled. If an apartment has two or moredeadlocks they should be keyed alike, and one or two extra keys cut. These locks areavailable at Anderson’s hardware store,1304 E. 53rd St.A nightlatch or lock with a bevelled edgeis convenient since it closes automatically,but it also can be picked easily. The $2.50lock, while useful for discouraging poten¬tial burglars, does not really provide com¬plete security. Similarly, a Fox PoliceLock, in which a long steel bar braces thedoor, can easily be forced by leaning heav¬ily against the door. Windows on the first or second floor oropening onto fire escapes can be securedwith $.45 barrel bolts. A back door or adoor by a fire escape should simply bepadlocked or fastened with an $.89 gatelatch if the door is not used. A $.59 safetyhasp is recommended for a back door thatis in use.Although Anderson’s will install locks for$7.50, -it is possible for students to mountlocks. For deadlocks, a large hole must bedrilled in which to put the cylinder. A hammer and chisel may be necessary toinstall the receiver of the lock in the doorframe. When a hasp is mounted, thescrews must be covered by the hasp itselfSince the lock may easily be removed ifscrews are left exposed.Many apartments are equipped withlocks, or have locks left by the former ten¬ants. Detective McWhinney suggests, how¬ever, that to ensure complete security stu¬dents should change all the locks whenvrfcoving into a new apartment. David TravisShepraysfor a“mommyand daddyto loveher. Youcan answerher prayer.You’ll have a double reward... your own life will be enriched. ..the joy of being a “mommy ordaddy" to a needy childWho suffers most in today's tragic world?Who are the most pitiful victims of war,poverty,famine and disease? You know theanswer. CHILDREN! They need love, hopeand tender care.You can rescue a young life today. For only$12 a month (just pennies a day) you cancare for an unsponsored boy or girl in oneof our nearly 200 Children's Homes. InKorea, India, Indonesia and Haiti they waitpatiently, longing for American "parents”who care enough to say, "I will help. I willshare my love.”And what a blessing! Open your heart toa love-starved child today. You'll know the thrill of exchanging letters and parcels ...the privilege of providing food, clothing,medical care, and a Christian Home for alonely little waif... the blessing of train¬ing a future Christian leader.Don't rob yourself of this thrill¬ing experience. Follow your heartand say, "Yes, I'll^ponsor a needychild today.” Make your selec¬tion from those shown. You re¬ceive a photo and life history of^your child who knows you per¬sonally by name, and prays for)u regularly.|IS IS HOW THEY COME TO US.’agged. dirty, hungry, deserted. No hope.Filled with despair. Lonely and forgotten.For example. #166 Soon Ae, never knew hermother or father. She was found as anabandoned child when only an infant.Every night she prays for a new "mommyor daddy”—someone to care. Won't yoube that someone?CUT OUT AND MAIL TODAYTHESE NEEO HELP NOW YES!I want tosponsor alonely childtoday. I un¬derstand Imay discon¬tinue at anytime.FREE! (^mpasm/ Rev. Henry Harvey, President7774 Irving Park Road TCM 118 eChicago, Illinois 60634(Canadian residents write Box 880, Blenheim, Ontario)My choice is If this child has been chosen,please select similar child. I prefer a □ boy or □ girl,approximately years old, from the land ofPlease rush FULL particulars.Enclosed is □ $12 for first month □ $144 for first year,a child for me from the moste I am unable to sponsor, but wish to contribute $.Q Soon Ae for general child care. □ Please rush further information today.NameAddress.City State- .Zip.You will receive a lovely, colorful hand-embroidered tapestrydirect from the Orient if you sponsor a needy child. Theselovely souvenirs are made by the children in a COMPASSIONHome in Korea.□ Un OkAn inltidtnoirtmstioMl, Gov. approved, non-profit corporation. Contributions are tax deductible.NO WNEIf ELSEHI HYDE PAM• ^Outturn• Qoomau dealt Jbuck• c\A Spate ditl• Batiiaatatailla• GompUta %UUta Cotta*• CtaUieat Quito*. SUytULyWHY TRAVEL?COURT HOUSEIUDRAUKANTIn Harper Court cornerBRINGS YOU HYDE PARK SMOST COMPLETE GIFT SELECTIONcandlesandcandleholders pipesandsmoking accessories!ceramics party supplies IMexican ponchoes tonka toys 1glassware stainless steel 1jewelrynew and old decorating 1accessories 1wicker furniture chandeliersEarl NewmanSan DiegoZoo posters gourmetkitchen wareand utensilspurses hookahscolorfulbathroom1 accessories Christmasdecorationsties Rickie Tickie Stickiespeanutscalendars the latestin clocksreproductions ofantique bottles menorahssoaps cigarette lightersandInstant Tiffanystained glass docalscooloy's cornerHarper Court[Sill $. Harper 363-44771FOR THE CONVENIENCE AND NEEDSOF THE UNIVERSITYRENT A CARDAILY - WEEKLY - MONTHLYWS AUTO. • VALIANTS • MUSTANGS • CHEVY IIAS LOW AS $5.95 PER DAYINCLUDES GAS, OIL, & INSURANCEHYDE PARK CAR RASH1330 E. 53rd ST. Ml 3-17IS 80 giftsunder 10.00 toaccent yourholiday listholiday store hoursSun. Dec.8, 15, 2210 to 4Weekdays 10 to 8:30Saturdays 9 to 6glass candy dish 1.95tile trivet 6.50letter opener 1.00desk pen set 5.00carafe/mug/tray breakfastset 5.00set of 6 ceramic mugs 5.95hostess aprons 3.50, 4.50,5.00 6> 7.505 pc. set fashion color flat-ware 6.25travel tote bags 4.00, 6.00,8.00arabia mushroom cutting board6.50Dansk butterwarraer 8.95Dansk butterbrush 2.50Vera decorated kitchentowels 1.25assorted placemats ea 1.00-1.251969 calendar 1.00note poster board 5.95set of 8 plastic glasses,colored 8.00Vera 8 pc.placemat set 7.00Italian straw bread basket 2.792 qt. enamel on metalcovered casserole 6.50colored fondue plates ea 1.95stainless steel bar jigger 2.75alarm clock-wind up 8.95brass pin 8.00steel pendant 10.00sterling Ik wood pendant 7.50sterling link necklace 8. 00sterling pin 8.00cufflinks in btass 5.50 prsterling tie tacks 6.00sterling pill boxes 7.00leather barettes 3.00sterling bracelets 3.50oil and vinegar jar ea 1.503 pc. stainless escargot set4.95stainless butterwarmer set 4.952 pc. stainless ashtray set 3.00finel mushroom bowl 8.50porcelain mushroom salt/pepper set 3.95ovenproof serving dishes 1.95to 3.95Mac carving and kitchen knives2.95 to 8.95Swedish mixing bowls 2.50-3.50Gustavsburg juicer/pitcher 3.00Salton hotray 5,95Swedish rasper and grater 5.00gourmet kitchen chopper 5.00folding indoor clothes dryer1.25Indian salad bowls 1.25Swedish watering pitcher 3.95SeaGrass doormats 5.95Salton breadwinner 9.95redwood salt/nepper aet 3.50salt/pepper mill set 4.95ovenproof porcelain casserole4.79tiny ceramic bud vase 1.50Marshall cream/sugar set 2.50magnetic bottle opener 1.25.(coster ties 3.00 8k 4.00pipe cradle 3.00teak pipe holder 7.003 cup expresso pot 6.5C6 cup expresso pot 7.95set of 8 plastic coasters 1.00set of 8 wood and corkcoasters 1.956 teak napkin rings 3. 00IlHala crystal cream andsugar 5.00box 24 decorated match set2.003 pc. bar set 3.95ice tongs 2.95Irish coffee set 7.956 colorful fondue forks 6.95french pepper grinder 7.95porcupine toothpick holder 4.503 minute egg timer 1.254 Dansk candles with holders4.95Doty blocks 5.95picture frames 3.95 to 8.95sliderule perpetual calendar5.954 pc. canniater set 5.00tiny camister with matchas 59#FREE GIFTWRAPPINGaccentshop inc.1437 E.53rd St.MI3-7400Maroon/December 6, 1988/13——.——-—1 ’ —:——ft i* OfiJ fitt ft ft* j * ft# *t A ******t-4 i * i 4 4 f * * Vn rf * * * . * * * » * * ♦ »»"** « * k— |tUi WfrV V — — —M < I > I * * *The staff ofThe Maroonwishes youA Very Happy HanukahPlaytex* invents the first-day tampon(We took the inside outto show you how different it is.)Outside: it’s softer and silky (not cardboardy).Inside: it’s so extra absorbent., .it even protects onyour first day. Your worst day!In every lab test against the old cardboardy kind...the Playtex tampon was always more absorbent.Actually 45 r\ more absorbent on the averagethan the leading regular tampon.Because it’s different. Actually adjusts to you.It flowers out. Fluffs out. Designed to protect everyinside inch of you. So the chance of a mishapis almost zero! _.Why live in the past? plctytCXtampons tt iINVOLVEMENTis nothing new at ChicagoOur authors have always pioneered ingrappling with social issues. Here aresome outstanding recent examples.CULTUREANDPOVERTYCritique andCounter-ProposalsCHARLES A. VALENTINE Mr. Valentine takes issue with such scholars as Oscar Lewis,Glazer, Moynihan (and even with our own authors E. Frank¬lin Frazier and Charles Keil) whose much-publicized theo¬ries of “culture of poverty,” he says, have been exploited bynon-scholars to blame the poor for their poverty and to dis¬courage attempts to correct the condition. Written with asense of urgency, this book proposes steps by which socialscientists can better study the poor and work with them andwith public officials to abolish poverty. Just published. $5.95The Negro Family inthe United StatesE. Franklin Frazier. 1966 revisedand abridged edition with a newforeword by Nathan Glazer.LC 66-13868cloth $6.00; paper $2.45Urban BluesCharles Keil. “Blues study takes alarge step forward with the pub¬lication of this book "—Downbeat.“No book . . . has done more toprompt us to reappraise Negroghetto values.” — Christian Cen¬tury. LC 66-13876 cloth $4.95paper $2.45A Criminal Justice Systemand the IndigentA Study of Chicago and Cook Coun¬ty. Dallin H. Oaks and Warren Leh¬man. A challenging analysis of thelegal “screening process” that de¬termines who is to be treated forcriminal behavior and who is tobe punished for it. LC 67-25529$7.50Narcotics and the LawWilliam Butler Eldridge. Secondedition of “a brilliant critique ofboth the current policy ... and theproposed alternatives . . . demol¬ishes the myths and biases . . .should be required reading.”—Sat¬urday Review. LC 67-25528 $7.50 The DraftA Handbook of Facts and Alterna¬tives. Sol Tax, Ed. “Who shouldfight?” Here is the only book inwhich “proponents and opponentsof the draft engage in analysis ofopposing positions.” — NationalCatholic Reporter. LC 67-25517$12.95Black ChicagoThe Making of a Negro Ghetto1890-1920. Allan H. Spear. “Givesan objective analysis that height¬ens the significance of this timelyvolume.”—Robert C. Weaver.LC 67-21381 $7.50MetropolitanismIts Challenge to Education. RobertJ. Havighurst. 67th Yearbook of theNatl. Soc. for the Study of Educ.,Part I: discussions by distin¬guished experts in many fields.$5.50The Battered ChildRay E. Heifer, M.D. and C. HenryKempe, M.D., Eds. Tens of thou¬sands of children are battered andkilled by parents each year in theU.S. Why? Where do they comefrom? What can we do to preventit? Professionals treat all aspectsof the problem — medical, social,legal. “Calmly objective but hor¬rifying.” - Publishers’ Weekly.Illus. LC 68-16695 $12.50 Machine PoliticsChicago Model. Harold F. Gosnell.2nd Ed. Now a classic, this modelcase history is “worth the atten¬tion of anyone who thinks thatgreat cities are governed by thefree and rational consent of theircitizens.”—American Political Sci¬ence Review. LC 68-16692cloth $7.95; paper $3.45Prayer in the Public SchoolsLaw and Attitude Change. WilliamK. Muir, Jr. Explores the attitudesof 28' public school officials andothers before and after the Su¬preme Court’s decision.LC 67-28851 $5.95The Heritage ofSociology SeriesMorris Janowitz, Ed. Makes newlyavailable key works of the pioneersociologists who did the most toinfluence modern research andpublic policy in the United States.These include Louis Wirth, W. I.Thomas, William F. Ogburn,'George Herbert Mead, and others.UNIVERSITY OFCHICAGO PRESSv,, jui.- ftuOiJOti lOi Z)14/Maroon/December 6. 1968Chicago Cops Are Phased OutThe Youth Division of the Chicago PoliceDepartment has come to the University inthe form of Captain Michael J. Delaney,former Director of that division, now Di¬rector of Security on campus.Delaney, 60 years old and member of theforce since 1932, is a policeman from thetop of his grey-haired head, down the ram¬rod straight back to the bottom of his pa¬trolman’s feet. Very military in posture,soft, but firmly spoken, Delaney never iscaught off guard and seems never to relax,at least not with outsiders.Delaney has served on a number of ma¬jor commissions to reform law enforce¬ment procedures, including the CitizensCommittee on the Juvenile Court of CookCounty and the Chicago Commission on theRehabilitation of Persons. He is a formerpresident of the Illinois Juvenile OfficersAssociation.In 1963 the Rockne Club of America citedhim “College Football Official of theYear” after his 21 years of service as aBig Ten conference football official. In 1962he was appointed the Chicago “Man of. theYear” by the Chicago Junior Associationof Commerce and Industry in recognitionof his “outstanding police work.”The Maroon conducted a tape-recordedinterview with the captain, a partial text ofwhich follows:On the Campus Security force, what is therelation between full-time campus officersand your part-time moonlighting crew?I've found that we need more of our ownpeople on campus rather than part-timebecause many full-time assignments thathave not necessarily been filled by our ownmen have had to be filled by part-time em¬ployees who could be moonlighting Chicagopolice or civilians or firemen. Again, yourcity police officer being part-time istrained in the areas of law enforcementand the concern is getting them, shall wesay, empathized within our owe operationand recognize what their responsibilitiescould be apart from what they’ve been ac¬customed to in some sections.Although basically there is no differencein respect to whom you work with and Ithink this is kind of difficult for people torealize. They anticipate that in one com¬munity you do things differently than inanother. Basically this is not true. We fwork the same way with all. One personshouldn’t be in conflict with another in¬sofar as their dealings are concernedThey’re all people and all require the samecourtesy and kindness.This is a point that I was able to thinkabout in my previous experience in the de¬partment. I was very pleased with it, too.Regardless of whom you deal with in theYouth Division, of course it’s families,young people in trouble, derelicts, deprivedindividuals and it’s the best approach.People aren’t really as different as youmight feel or believe in some instances.Maybe coming from different types ofhomes, from different types of relation¬ships, but when you talk with them and gettogether they’re pretty much the same. Ofcourse there are rebellious people and dis¬sidents for other motives. Of course youhave to recognize that, too.Do you have a set policy in dealing withpeople? Captain Delaney: Campus security chief.As far as dealing with young people weconform to the policy that is set up, byyour Advisory Board and again for thosewho have responsibility in various areas,the Director of Housing, for example andthe different regulations in different hous¬ing units. You do find that you have somesituations whereby we do disagree withstudents’ demands but only thinking interms of security, which is our responsi¬bility which they are willing to chance insome instances for freedom. At times wefind they’re quite pleasant to deal with.Any position that calls for an eight-hourassignment, we should have our ownpeople in terms of getting more con¬sistency and understanding of another situ¬ation and conforming to policy. I thinkthere’s a tighter check on our applicantsthan we’ve had before. Of course everyonelikes to get the college student, the collegegraduate or at least someone with a highlyadvanced educational background. In thatdirection we have attracted some here in isjHnh**-Paul Stelterterms of making it desirable, somewhat ofa career. In fact there’s a possibility ofthis because of the numbers of people re¬quired here. And we find in the Uni¬versity Security work a need for this. Inmany colleges they’re looking for securitypeople I would like to see, hopefully, theexperience that we have here and if wecan provide the training, in a couple ofyears we’d like to have all of them comehere and look for the people that could beemployed as leaders, or chiefs, or heads ordirectors, of various universities. The de¬mands are there more and more. It isn’tjust something that can be handled haph¬azardly but rather directly.We have noticed some innovations in theway of operations on campus, such as thepolicy of requiring student identification inIda Noyes Hall. What other new policieshave you put into effect?We have eliminated the dogs. We not onlyContinued on Page 17Seniors andGraduate StudentsCareer hunt with 90 of the finest companieshaving operations located in the New Jersey/NewYork metropolitan area. On December 26-27 at theMarriott Motor Hotel, intersection of Garden StateParkway and Route 80, Saddle Brook, New Jersey.For more details, including a listing of spon¬soring companies, see your college placementdirector or write to the non-profit sponsor of thesecond annual “Career-In”: Industrial RelationsAssociation of Bergen County, P. 0. Box 533,Saddle Brook, New Jersey 07662.JESSELSON’SSERVING HYDE PARK FOR OVER 30 YEARSWITH THE VERY BEST AND FRESHESTFISH AND SEAFOODPL 2-2870, PL 2-8190, DO 3-9186 1340 E. S3rdJimmy's.and the University RoomRESERVED EXCLUSIVELY FORUNIVERSITY CLIENTELEFIFTH-FIF^M ft WQODLAWN Sure You Need a Psycho-Social MoratoriumBut...WHAT YOU REALLY NEEDTHE “PERFECT SUMMEREMPLOYMENT(It should be outdoors, be challenging and excitingand should contribute to your career goals, beworthwhile AND be financially rewarding)WHAT WE REALLY NEEDAreerfect Summer Employee:ri/e are a non-profit Inter-racial Co-ed summer camp located in.the Poconos and serving the Greater New York City area, sup¬ported by the Federation of Jewish Philanthropies.We have openings for experienced general counselors, and| specialists skilled in sports, nature & pioneering, arts &crafts, music, drama, etc.We have beautiful facilities on a private lake. We have very iI high standards for staff, but we have excellent salaries forthose qualified. You must be intelligent; you must be eager to’ work with children; be interested in education, psychology,social relations, or planning a career involving work with peo¬ple; be mature, be willing and able to work hard, and oe sensi-i tive to the needs and wants of children of Eill backgrounds.The length of employment is ten weeks, including a precamptraining session, CAMP POYNTELLE-RAY HIED for children8 to 14 years of age; CAMP LEWIS for teens 14 to 16 years ina work and performing arts program.If you will be in NEW YORK over Christmas call us atCo-5-0616 for application and interview.WRITfc:Camp Pu Ticlle **We will beW. 60th SticYork, N.Y. aterviewing inChicago after New Years. AMERICAN RADIO ANDTELEVISION LABORATORY1300 E. 53rd Ml 3-911 I- TELEFUNKEN & ZENITH -- NEW & USED -Sales and Service on all hi-fi equipment and T.V.’s.FREE TECHNICAL ADVICETape Recorders - Phonos - AmplifiersNeedles and Cartridges - Tubes - Batteries10% discount to students with ID cardsMaroon/December 6, :X Ml* 1 — f -M-tt * f 11 f 111M f ♦♦#•*♦»* M • .v.'i ♦’ t *'»> j] '*\V«Y»'* * * ► • 1 V * * 9 * $* + f> V » ® K * » »# 1 » ? • ' • t * t * f * * * t »**«1 ’ ■aviW■>>»*«■*a > * * *■ * **■*?■ '[ iV.VrV a'yyj."}*^ VVm*:* W A YV*J W' '*’'* *.V .'.■■■ » . -■ , . .*#*<* . i ** si i i * i * *1* * i j i iiti——NOTICE:MOST WINTER QUARTER TEXTBOOKS AVAILABLE\Beginning Monday December 9th, most of the required and recommended textbooks for the WinterQuarter will be offered for sale in the textbook department of the University of Chicago Bookstore.The exceptions will be those titles for courses for which the requisite information was not receivedsufficiently early, or those which have been ordered but not yet received from the publishers. Cur¬rently the normal delivery time for an order involving textbooks in adoption quantities is about threeweeks.A small percentage of the Winter Quarter textbook information has not been received by the book¬store. We are hopeful this information will be forwarded to us within the next few days. Once theinformation is received, we will make every possible effort to obtain the needed books no later thanthe first day of classes in the Winter Quarter.:.v ** r- %If you do not have a charge account with our store, you are invited to open one now, purchase yourWinter Quarter textbooks next week, and pay for them in January.We hope you will be doing some of your Christmas shopping in our store, as well as shopping earlyfor the Winter Quarter.THEUNIVERSITY OF CHICAGOBOOKSTOREON CAMPUS . alls AT SATA.16/Maroon/December 6, 19685 ^DELANEYContinued From Page 15wasted our manpower, but we were estab¬lishing a poor rapport, or should I say alack of rapport with students by the merepresence of the dog. And a misunder¬standing that it was directed entirely atthem. The fact that there were dogs oncampus. Which it wasn’t, which in fact atone time it was perhaps considered an in¬novation that looked real good but I don’tthink we needed dogs. I mean if we needthis type of thing in a special situation, thecity cooperates and makes it available.But to have them here all the time — thisisn’t necessary.What is the size of the force now and areyou planning an increase?I think over all we’ve actually increasedour force by about 50%. I think there wereforty-six. We’ve added about thirty newpeople. The total number of jobs —I thinkwe’ve figured about 91 positions that haveto be filled during the regular school year. 4We were establishing a poor rapportor should I say lack of rapport withstudents by the mere presence ofthe dogs.’And of course in round figures, one third is.always. off. for. something-or-other, .eitherfor illness, or regular days off. We are lim¬ited to a forty-hour week. And again, 91positions in a twenty-four hour period.Do you feel that students cooperate withpolice? Would students be beneficial on theforce itself?We once tried using students on the forceand had an awful time. We hired four stu¬dents in the spring. They were gung-ho andmost independent. It created interferencewith their school work — I think it makesit very difficult. They were too casualabout it. This makes it difficult for them toassume a corrective role against their fel¬low students,Is there a difference in jurisdiction be-tween the Campus Security force and thecity police? If there is a report of a crimebeing committed in Hyde Park. whichforce checks it out? Do situations arise inwhich there is a conflict of interest?This in no way presents a problem. Thereare no really dividing lines. The jurisdic¬tion that we have on campus is certainlyidentical to theirs. Within our limitationsof course* This doesn’t present a problem.However, your conflict comes again intalking about part-time employees fromday to day. And it takes time. They don’tquite understand what we’re driving at orwhat our policies are. It’s a conflict in pol¬icy more than anything else.What they get in the fourteen-week train¬ing period in the city is fine. But whenthey get out into the field, somehow, theytend to forget a lot of what they’ve beentaught and they try to find out things forthemselves. And it’s just a period of time.I think many of the things that have hap¬pened is that today you have a greatermajority on the city police force of youngmen. It’s harder to get young men awayfrom the habits of their community andtheir youth, and there’s only one way ofapproach and that’s being violent. Not nec¬essarily violent, but maybe overextendthemselves physically sometimes. Andsometimes they learn the hard way. It’s unfortunate as you see it today and it’s notnew as far as I’ve experienced it all interms of young people and you give them astar, you’re giving them authority theynever had before and they get carriedaway with it. This is what we all face.There are many city streets goingthrough our campus and we don’t infringeupon them as far as your traffic regu¬lations. If we feel that there should be someextreme situation, violations or continuousviolations by an individual, why we cancall in a city officer. I think it’s ideal insituations that they would call us. This isgeneral. At the present time we now havea twenty-four hour service. Call in here,and then we have the immediate responsi¬bility of seeing that the proper agencies would be notified. There is a monitoringservice of all calls in the particular area ofour jurisdiction by a desk man. In any sit¬uation, in all the police calls. And a recordis made and we do, if it involves a studentor a faculty member, or some personnel ofthe University, We make our own in¬vestigation. It may be something that’staking place in the dormitory.If the student would call here we cannotify the Dean or anybody else that maybe involved. And we conform to their wish¬es. I think it’s fine that we resolve many ofthese things ourselves. There’s no need forcalling city police. If in doubt, call PO¬LICE 5-1313, but 3061 should be a numberthat would be available for immediate ser¬vice at all times.r FabyarAfrican and Far Eastern FabricsPanel PrintsDresses from Pakistan"Slip into a shift from Pakistan"Mon. 10-6 HOURS Thurs. 10-6Tues. 10-6 Fri. 10-8Wed. 10-6 Sun. 1-5 Sat. 10-65225 So. Harper 363-2349Entrance beside Chances RERiCANN CANDYCOMPANYfamous for continental confectionsWe will occupy during the month of December a store at 7203 SouthExchange with a full line of kitchen fresh Candies, Cookies, Lebkuchen,Alpine Torte (Dobosh Torte) and Christmas StollenStore Hours; Weekdays 9am to 4pmFor further information call 375-6266 Evenings FA 4-4295 •ASK FOR OUR MAH ORDER USTOur products are also available all year round at the CO-OP SupermarketAt 55th Street and Lake Park.fyo* QUfUUmal li<vufCU*tACATHOLIC SALVAGE BUREAUTRUCKLOADS ARRIVING DAILY3514 S. MICHIGAN 10 E. 41st STREET "My best shirts getripped to shredswhen I wear yourafter shave"We keep warning you to be careful how you useHai Karate® After Shave and Cologne. We even putinstructions on self-defense in every package. Butyour best shirts can still get torn to pieces. That'swhy you’ll want to wear our nearly indestructibleHai Karate Lounging Jacket when you wearHai Karate Regular or Oriental Lime.Just tell us your size (s,m,l) and sendone empty Hai Karate carton, with$4 (check or money order), for eachHai Karate Lounging Jacket to:Hai Karate, P.O. Box 41 A, Mt. Vernon,N.V. 10056. That way, if someonegives you some Hai Karate, you canbe a little less careful how you use it.Send for yourpractically rip-proofHai KarateLounging Jacket.Allow 6 weeks for delivery.Offer expires April 1, 1969.If your favorite store is temporarily out of Hai Karate, keep askingMaroon/ December 6, 1968/17^ v^4h jovin a Mtjtov.How to brewthe King of BeersEver wonder how Anheuser-Busch takesthe choicest hops, rice and best barleymalt—and turns it into the King ofBeers?Best way to find out is to visit one of our breweries for a first-hand look. (Thepleasure will be mutual.)Meanwhile, purely in the interest ofscience and higher education, here’s aquick cram course.1. At the lauter tanks, we cookmalt and rice to produce a dearamber liquid called wort.2. Then to the copper brew kettles,where choicest imported and do¬mestic hops are added to the wort—which is cooked again.3. Now, after cooling, the wortflows into our own patented fer¬menters, where brewers’ yeastworks to ferment natural sugarsinto alcohol and CO2. This is wherewort becomes beer.4. Most beers are finished now.Not Budweiser. We ferment itagain, this time in special glass-lined tanks partially filled with a dense lattice of beechwood strips.(This is where Beechwood Ageingcomes in. It’s a costly extra step,but we think the difference itmakes in the taste and clarity ofBudweiser is worth it!) We add alittle freshly-yeasted wort to startthe second fermentation, and letit “work.”5. The final step. The Budweiserflows through a series of finishingfilters just before we package it foryou in barrels, cans or bottles.If that sounds like anybody couldbrew Budweiser, forget it. It takesa special kind of brewery (we havethe only six in the world that will do), a brewmaster who puts hisheart and soul into brewing theKing of Beers, the choicest ingre¬dients (the cost of which keeps ourtreasurer awake at night), andthousands of brewery workers whoknow Budweiser is the best reasonin the world to drink beer.Next lesson? Well, we were goingto tell you how to drink Bud®.But you know that.Like to know more about brewingin general and Bud in particular?Write for our free booklet:“Choicest Hops”Box 8798Jefferson Memorial StationSt. Louis, Missouri 6310?ROCK, FOLK, JAZZ GROUPS!Enter the '69 Inter¬collegiate Music Fes¬tival, co-sponsoredby the brewers ofBudweiser. Write:I.M.F., Box 1275,Leesburg, Fla. 32748. Budweiser.ANHEUSER BUSCH, INC. • ST.LOUIS . NEWARK • LOS ANGELES • TAMPA . HOUSTON . COLUMBUS h.1 ;i l r'-r• Domestic and ForeignAir Reservations• Half-fare Youth Cards• Flight InformationPhilip K. GornyTWARepresentativeCall MI 3-9100 EveningsGoingSome-whore? EYE EXAMINATIONSFASHION EYEWEARCONTACT LENSESDR. KURT ROSENBAUMOptometrist53 Kimbark Plara1200 East 53rd StreetHYde Park 3-8372REYNOLDS CLUBBARBER SHOP5706South University AveOnly shop on campus6 BerbersHours 8-5 Mon. thru Fri.Appts. if desiredExt. 3 573 Special!Style Cut —Requires No Setting!10% Student Discount5242 HYDE PARK BLVD.DO 3-0727-8nil* «4* •it 4* 4> 4r «4* <4* <4* 4iplpipftipjpjpipip'jct-i C^omeff ^foriitTT IM5 L M4l $I8£§T 7*^Chicago, ill. 60615#Phone: FA 4-J65J INTERNATIONAL HOUSEGIFT SHOP1414 E. 59th STREETGIFTS FROMAROUND THE WORLDTobacco s-Candie s-StationeryNewspapers-MagazinesCosmeticsOpen M-F Noon -6:45 MATTEROF «rtnrr\T.r a... when there has been an additionto the family, it’s high time to think ofan addition to your Sun Life insuranceportfolio.Ralph J. Wood, Jr., CLUOne North LaSalle St., Chic. 60602FR 2-2390 - 798-0470Office Hours 9 to 5 Mondays,Others by Appt.SUN LIFE ASSURANCE COMPANY OF CANADAgiven by theCHICAGO BOARD OF EDUCATIONCome to Cel Acquainted gathering for prospective teachers.If you are graduating in 1909-even later we would like towelcome you. You'll meet informally with young people whoare teaching and representatives of Chicago Public Schools.A challenging and meaningful career can he yours. Teachingopportunities are available in elementary and high school.Here you’ll find one of the highest beginning teacher salaryschedules in tin* nation, with liberal benefits. And an abun¬dance of cultural and educational facilities.Come and discuss your teaching future. Refreshments will heserved. May we see you there? KSVPP.S. If you cannot attend Open House, visit our Booth at theCollege Youth Conference, Shcraton-Chicago, Dec. 27 and 28.Director of Teacher Recruitment, Chicago Public Schools228 N. La Salle Street, Chicago, Illinois 60601MissMrs.Mr.will attend Open House9:30 a.m.-12:00 noon, Thursday, December 19, 196HAddressCity Stale ZipI am interested in teaching: □ Grades K-3 □ 4-3 □7*8□ Special education□ High schoolCollege (subject area)Graduationyr. mo.TheA divisionChristmas music fromUNIVERSITYof CHICAGOSUNDAY, DEC. 22AT 7:110 P.M.Enjoy beautifulChristmas music, tapedin actual performanceand broadcast on99.5 FMWEliVIjggataiChicago \t tound of quality from18/Maroon/December 6, 1S68 Carpet Bamof Cortland CarpetWe have an enormous se¬lection of new and usedwall-to-wall carpetings,staircase runners, rem¬nants and rugs (a large se¬lection of genuine andAmerican orientals).We open our warehouse tothe public for retail saleson Saturdays ONLY from9-3.• 228 W. Kinzic (at Racine)243-2279y PizzaHY 1-4212Julian & AmericanDishes SandwichesDelivery ServiceOPEN 7 DAYSCarry-Outs145? F. Hyde Park blvd Be Practical!BuyUtility ClothesComplete selection ofboots, overshoes, insu¬lated ski wear, hoodedcoats, long underwear,Corduroys, “ Levis,"etc., etc.UNIVERSAL ARMYSTOREPL 2-47441364 E. 63rd. St.COUNTRY HOUSERESTAURANTIn the heart ofSouth Chicago7100 So. Yates 363-9842m-RANGERSGrowingcommitmentto inter-gangand communityi;eace *Continued from Cage Nineblack community are viewed by Rangersas naive, simplistic, and irresponsibly un¬realistic.In general, then, the persuasive influenceof the Ranger organization over the ori¬entation of a major portion of ghetto youthto the problems of the black community,the white community, their influence overthe general attitudes of the entire blackcommunity in their areas towards outsidepolitical, economic and social institutions,their determiniation to make this a con¬structive orientation, their development ofpolitically, socially, and economically con¬structive roles for the Ranger organizationin Woodlawn and other areas, provide astriking contrast to the completely nega¬tive character attributed to them by thepolice.The unmitigated ruthlessness of policeopposition is virtually beyond belief. Forreasons which it will be necessary to dis¬cuss, the activities of the GIU, condonedby the city, indicate their singleminded de¬termination to destroy the Ranger organi¬zation. Since they have been free to ex¬plain and justify almost anything they doin almost any way they wish, there is es¬sentially nothing to stop their essentiallyarbitrary pursuit of their objectives Assuch, they have attacked virtually everypositive effort described above.Their strategy has been two-fold. On theone hand, it has been to blacklist theRangers inside and outside the city, fromthe city to the federal level, such that allpossibilities of their gaining any politicalor economic support are destroyed, and onthe other hand, it has been to disrupt thegang itself. The principal tactics of the po¬lice towards attaining these ends havebeen to subvert or prevent the initiationand operation of positive programs therebydiscrediting the organization’s constructivepotential, to aggravate inter-gang conflict,thereby focussing attention on the gang’sdestructive potential, and to destroy theRanger leadership.Certainly, one of the most flagrant ex¬amples of police opposition came in re¬sponse to the Ranger’s involvement in the1967 TWO-OEO job-training program. The funding *of*1t|iis program on TWO-Ranger.terms had ^presented a major defeat forboth the mayor and the police. Con¬sequently they became engaged in a deter¬mined effort to invalidate the program. Tobegin with, under pressure from OEO andparticularly the GIU, the mayor alteredthe proposal to include his concurrence onthe director. Subsequently his rejection ofthe TWO nominees, his own presentation oftwo unacceptable candidates to TWO, theRangers and Disciples (one of whom wasfrom the police department) made it clearthat the city was trying to take over theprogram, thereby intensifying the resis¬tance such that no director was ever hirdd.As a result, staff hiring was late, the cur¬riculum held up, and Ranger and Discipleenthusiasm for the program considerablyweakened. The persistent pressure by theGIU throughout the project made thisserious. The GIU used every possible tech¬nique to get both the project and the indi¬vidual Rangers in trouble. They used themonthly meetings with TWO to bring upcharges against Rangers related to theproject; they accused the Rangers of notworking during the hours they had signedin, smoking marijuana in the centers, fal¬sifying time sheets, etc. They also brokeinto the centers on different occasions and ‘Generally GIU tactics against the Rangers,besides the frequent intimidation ofindividuals, have included repeated spon¬taneous raids on Ranger hang-outs, conductedwith no warrant and no reasonable grounds.Those raids have resulted in extensivedamage to property^ beating and arrestingof inmates, planting narcotics, etc.’Another common police tactic usedflagrantly during the TWO project hasbeen mass public discrediting of Rangerprograms through the press. In the TWOprogram, the first came when Gene andJeff were arrested. Extensive publicitypointed to the fact that “TWO was allow¬ing murderers to run their project.” Soonafterwards a situation came up wherethree main leaders of the Rangers, all‘They accused the Rangers of notworking during the hours they hadsigned in, smoking marijuana in thecenters, falsifying sheets, etc.’destroyed property and stole portable ob¬jects. They kept up a constant harrass-ment within the tenters themselves; com¬ing and going as they pleased, searchingthe Rangers within the offices and makingdifferent arrests. At one point they activelyentered into the Rangers and Disciplesconflict by telling the Disciples that amember of their organization had beenshot in their center by a Ranger.In addition to attempts at subverting andinvalidating specific project programs,they sought to cripple the project generallyby getting Jeff Fort and Gene Hairston outof it. Consequently, two months after itstarted, Jeff was arrested on a framedmurder charge and thrown into jail for fivemonths without bond. A few weeks later,Gene was arrested for attempted murder(also a frame) and sent to jail withoutbond for eight months. By the time Jeffcame to trial, sufficient evidence wasavailable to expose the complete falsenessof police evidence and witnesses, and toprove that he had in fact been nowherenear the scene of the crime. At this point,the case was quietly thrown out of courtand Jeff released. members of the TWO staff, were indictedfalsely for rape. A particularly blatant ex¬ample of police encouragement of per¬verted publicity of Ranger activites wastheir highly damaging accusation ofRanger extortion in the local business com¬munity during the King riots. In an at¬tempt to substantiate their false chargesthat the Rangers had exploited the situ¬ation to engage in rampant extortion, thepolice set up a plot to implicate Jeff Fortspecifically: “A local businessman con¬tacted Jeff to say that the businessmenwanted to show their appreciation for theRanger protection of their property. A po¬liceman was waiting in the back of thestore and was going to arrest Jeff whenthe businessman offered him some money.Fortunately Fort was informed of the plot.However, police then reported to the Trib¬une that the Rangers had extorted moneyfrom the businessmen in return for theprotective signs they had posted on storewindows ... A Sun-Times reporter inde¬pendently contacted 24 businessmen in thecommunity and asked them whether they had been approached by the Rangers fimoney. The businessmen all. said that thfhad not been approached ... Followh|this report, the Tribune released an artidshowing the payment schedule for extort*money and said that Rangers had •timidated businessmen into saying thenwas no extortion. This outraged the buinessmen and they held a press conferen*at which they stated firmly that there hf.been no extortion by the Rangers. TkTribune finally admitted that their-sour*had been the police department and (GI1$admitted they had no definite informaticabout extortion.Generally GIU tactics against tkRangers, besides the frequent intimidateof individuals, have included repeat*spontaneous raids on Ranger hang-oufeconducted with no warrant and no reasotable grounds. Those raids have resulted •extensive damage to property, beating aniarresting of inmates, planting narcotic^guns, .etc. Raids of this kind have beetfrequent this year against two cooperatimliving houses operated by the Rangers anithe Chicago Theological Seminary. In getera!, since the McClellan hearings, poliaopposition has become steadily more pers i s t e n t and blatently unscrupulousRecently it has taken some extreme^serious forms. The period of the Democratic Convention, for example, brought thingto a truly desperate point. The conventiapredictably provided police with a perfectexcuse for taking a completely free hanlAlthough the Rangers consistently isdicated that they were not interested in thiconvention, there was a large scale aitempt on the part of the police to show thiRangers’ intention to break up the cobvention. On the basis of this “manufac¬tured police information,” the police, thiGIU, the State’s Attorney’s Office, aniWarden Moore put extensive pressure otthe Ranger organization. Any arrest, anjbrutalizing, even any killing of gang memContinued on Page 2kHUVB ugParticipation!■ governmentfor everybody!FOR OUTLINE AND ACTION READ"THE SOLUTION188 pp. $4.50Special student rate: S3, per copy(with this ad)f fMAKE CHECK OR MONEYORDER PAYABLE TO:THE SOLUTIONP.O. Box 263Forest Hills, N.Y.I 1375 Prof. J.M. Hums, politicalscientist, writes: (Your ideasin this book) “may well spellthe difference between WARand PEACE.”Lt. Juric: Interrogating a suspect. authorized BMC5424 s. kimbark ave. mi 3-3113Chicago, illmois 60615foreign car hospital & clinic, inc. GREAT TRACK' RECORD!-UNDERSTANDING COMESFASTER WITHCLIFF S NOTES'OVER 175 TITLES $1 EACHAT YOUR BOOKSELLERLINCOLN NEBRASKA 68S01Maroon/December 6, 1968/19'v*. RANGERSGrowingcommitmenttointer-gangandcommunitypeaceContinued from Page 19 » ■ > »’«*«' i kl l I ( I ) i I 1 II > | I i I >bers could be justified on* the* grounds 'thatit was necessary to keep the peace andprotect the city. The police banked furtheron the probability that amidst so much oth¬er activity and with the focus of attentionon the convention, their position was likelyto be less questioned than usual. Police au¬dacity was astounding, They even went sofar as to inform Jeff and other Rangerleaders that they would shoot them onsight if an opportunity presented itself!If the described events can be believed,the bitterness with which the GIU is pittedagainst the Rangers should be clear. Ulti¬mately only an understanding of some ofthe motivation behind this opposition of thepolice and the city administration whichcondones it can make them credible. In thefirst place the economic motivation behindthe perpetuation of ghetto poverty and pow¬erlessness and ghetto exploitation by citygovernments such as Daley’s machineshould be taken info consideration. In sucha context, the bad reputation of gangs suchas the Rangers provides an extremely im¬portant tool to city agencies such as thepolice. The police use the gang’s reputationof crime and violence to enhance theirmoral image as the protectors of society.Further, the violent reputation of thegangs provides both an excuse and a justi-«> 1111111 * 111 * >.» > > i* i lv--* w ‘.v, ! wh J .hho*tifaction for the frequently unjust, brutalbehavior of police in the ghetto. The polari¬zation of police and gangs as forces ofgood and evil has become so extreme andthe behavior of the police so incrediblycorrupt, that any recognition of the Black-stone Rangers’ positive character mustautomatically throw into serious questionthe activity and the tactics of both ma¬chine and police in the ghetto and threatenexposure of the entire network of per¬secution and corruption.Thus the image of the gang as criminal,violent, destructive, and anti-white must beperpetuated. In this, the cooperation of thepolice, the courts (in the trying of gangcriminal cases) and a large part of thepress has been essential.Gargot Murray is a member of the Stu¬dents for an Open Chicago.Last MaroonTo our advertisers: This is the lastMaroon until Tuesday, January 7,1S69 (the year of the Phoenix). Thedeadline for that issue will be thepreceding Friday. There will besomeone in the Business office onJanuary 2-3 to accept ads. TheCrimein ourStreetsA special issue of theChicago MaroonEditor Barbara HurstWriters Caroline HeckSue LothBlair KilkpatrickPhotographer David TravisHowie SchamestPaul StelterDesign Editor Roger BlackBusiness Manager Jerry LevyThe Chicago MaroonFounded in 1892. Pub¬lished by University ofChicago students on Tues¬days and Fridays through¬out the regular schoolyear and intermittentlythroughout the summer,except during exam¬ination periods. Offices in Rooms 303, 304, and305 of Ida Noyes Hall, 1212 E. 59th St., Chi¬cago, III. 60637. Phone Midway 3-0800, Ext.3269. Distributed on campus and in the HydePark neighborhood free of charge. Subscriptionsby mail $7 per year. Non-profit postage paidat Chicago, III. Subscribers to College PressService.Our 36™ YEARStores Coast lo CoastELECTRONICS LAY-A-WAYNOW FOR CHRISTMASTABLE RADIOAM-FM AUTO REVERBSOUND SYSTEM★ 12 VoltNeg. Ground \★ Under DashMountLimit! $099less Speaker Tjfc' #Reg. $034*- LABELMAKER Olson STEREOI® HEADPHONESLimit 1 SLOT CARSURPRISE KIT* Parts for theSlot CarBuilder* Componentsby leadinflifer's99 SLOT CAR KIT1/24 SCALEit High TorqueMotorLimit 4OR oral PHONOGR APHSSolid State PORTABLE STEREO TAPE DECK EXPERIMENT KITSStereo$ig98 $3993Other Models with Famous Garrard Changers $129.95Limited Quantities ★ 3 Speedit Record Ampsand PlaybackPre-amps★ Solid State★ Oiled WalnutBase*90 * Educational-Fun-Safe it Battery Operated★ Up to 25 Exciting ProjectsFrom 99c *19*»SHORT WAVE RADIObs★ SolidState★ 6 BandCapability 3 TRANSISTORWALKIE-TALKIE★ No LicenseRequired123 N. Western Ave.Daily 9 to 9Saturday 9 to 5:30 Rhone10:30 to 5 HA 1-3533Sunday W “CartridgeTAPERECORDER★ 8 Track CartridgeRecorder* Records from Reelsto Cartridge WIN A FREE19(9 FORD MUSTANGIN THEWESTINGHOUSE-OLSONSWEEPSTAKES STOP IN AT YOURLOCAL OLSONSTORE ANDREGISTER!■ • Ml <■ unu iuui9/Maroon/December 6, 1S68«Paul StelferMoonlighting: city police uniforms hang on security office rack— pii k . n ,u»u. u?POLICEPOLICEContinued from Page Fivehair. But in the time of our Lord, all theapostles wore beards. So did policemen inthe Haymarket riots.”“A lot of times I’d like to grow a beard,”Off. Papineau confessed. “I’m sick ofshaving. In a lot of my personal opinionI’m with the hippies. It’s about time theU S. stopped being protector of the whole w°rld I don’t: like,anybody to resort toviolence, but1 hiaybfe thfe^Ve alrfeadjf tHedthat, and found you have to go to extremesto get your point across.“On the demonstrations I can only go byopinion, since I wasn’t in Chicago at thetime. But if kids were doing what some ofmy fellow officers said they were doing,then the police had some justification inusing force.“As a policeman, I don’t know anyonewho enjoyed beating people for the sake ofbeating people.”When talk turned to politics, Sgt. Bren¬nan predicted Nixon would take the Presi¬dency (this conversation took place on No¬vember 2nd). “What this country wants isa change. We’ve had war and more war,bombing, disturbances in the street.” Al¬though the sergeant considered race andthe urban crisis “the biggest problem inthe country—we’re paying for the sins ofour fathers,” he predicted that “in tenyears’ time this race problem will be goneby the wayside.”“We want students to feel we’re here forthem,” Brennan concluded. “If any guardsare giving them a bad time, we, the super¬visors, want to know about it.”At the station election night, Lt. Juricbegan talking about one of the officers inthe main office. “Do you know that JackWallenda?” he said. “I finally had to forcehim to take a month off. 1 worried abouthis health. How long can a man go?” Officer Wallenda, Lt. Juric explained,worked a minimum of 40 hours a week forthe state attorney’s office, and 16 hours aweek moonlighting for the University. Hewas “instrumental,” said Juric, in solvingthe Speck murder of eight nurses. In hiscareer with the Chicago police, Wallendahas accrued 6,000 hours in overtime—and Chicago policemen never get paid for over¬time.“When the city police gave him a week-long furlough,” Juric said, “he came inhere and worked extra hours. They don’tcome more dedicated than Jack Wall¬enda.”Officer Samuel Evans came in to talk toJuric about a gang war between theRangers and the Disciples the night before(from 11:55 pm-2:30 am\ After the shoot¬ing, Evans said, the gangs followed the in¬jured to the emergency ward of Billingsand continued the roughing. Other patientsin the waiting room were terrified. Whenone gang member pulled a gun, a mandove under a table with his baby, gashinghis head against the table corner.“What you’ve got is an explosive situ¬ation,” Evans said. “I told them ‘This is aplace of healing, not a battleground. Ifyou have something to settle, settle it onthe streets. That’s my province, though.’ ”Later that evening Sgt. Edward Mitchellsaid on partrol, “Capt. Delaney (securityforce director) wants to make the campusso safe that anyone can walk anywhere oncampus at any time of day or night andfeel protected. The University wants itsave—but they don’t want it a walled city,either.”Education, Sgt. Mitchell said, “is veryimportant—and nowadays people from low¬er income groups ure being exposed tohigher education. Universities are no long¬er just for the intelligent, rich people. Nowschools get them from all walks of life.“So much talent is still being wasted inthe ghetto area, though.“I came from a low income group andleft high school after two or three years.But my sons and daughter go to college.One’s a lawyer now.”On the afternoon of November 14, a callcame over the radio: “Attempted pursesnatching at 1365 E. 60th. Suspects arethree youths ages 13-14. Two girls and oneContinued on Page 23David TravisSign-in: Security officer and student in Woodward CourtKLH 11 Portablen Tularinv\iTri\ Arrrn KLH II WalnutELECTRIC TYPEWRITER OFFER KLH 18 Tiny TunerGREAT NEW BBB 2501#W\00 • Regular list KLH 20 The Little GiantKLH 24 Par Excellence■ ML 1 1 « pull 12” carriage with Auto ReturnI • All• Students and Faculty only AT THE fret shopFOR INFORMATION CALL 928-7829•This offer good only through J & R Office Machines,authorized distributor °^'ce typewriter division. 5210 So. Harperin Harper CourtMaroon/December 6, 1968/21w.iYV\Vn<*>•< 1 JcctWV) *V' .bu'r art M n .i«cs t> <4 *#Decision2*cis/Some decisions are relatively unimportant.Where you put your engineeringtalent to work is not.As you contemplate one of the most important decisions of your life, we invite you to consider acareer at Pratt & Whitney Aircraft. Here, you will find wide-open opportunities for professional growthwith a company that enjoys an enviable record of stability in the dynamic atmosphere of aerospacetechnology.We select our engineers and scientists carefully. Motivate them well. Give them the equipment andfacilities only a leader can provide. Offer them company-paid, graduate-education opportunities.Encourage them to push into fields that have not been explored before. Keep them reaching for alittle bit more responsibility than they can manage. Reward them well when they do manage it.And your decision is made easier, thanks to the wide range of talents required. Your degree can be aB.S., M.S., or Ph.D. in: MECHANICAL • AERONAUTICAL • ELECTRICAL • CHEMICAL • CIVIL •MARINE • INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING • PHYSICS • CHEMISTRY • METALLURGY • MATERIALSSCIENCE • CERAMICS • MATHEMATICS • STATISTICS • COMPUTER SCIENCE • ENGINEERINGSCIENCE • ENGINEERING MECHANICS.Consult your college placement officer—or write Mr. William L. Stoner, Engineering Department,Pratt & Whitney Aircraft, East Hartford, Connecticut 06108.Pratt & Whitney AircraftEAST HARTFORD AND MIDDLETOWN, CONNECTICUT u> AIRCfADIVISION OF UNITED AIRCRAFT CORPORATIONWEST PALM BEACH, FLORIDA An Equal Opportunity EmploytrChristmas is for giving ...a fine printan original paintingeski mo sculptureuvuilabU for yoor viowiug at tboWaller Gallery5300 So. Dorchester DO 3-7446 ORDON'SRESTAURANT J" fcwmmmnr 1i . ^I College Relations DirectorI c/o Sheraton-Park Hotel, Washington, D.C. 20008| Please send me; a Sheraton Student; LDl so I can save upI to 20% on! Sheraton rooms.Ij Namej Address, Reservations with the special low rate are confirmed in advanceJ (based on availability) for Fri., Sat., Sun. nights, plus Thanks-I giving (Nov. 27-Dec. 1), Christmas (Dec. 15-Jan. 1) and JulyI through Labor Day! Many Sheraton Hotels and Motor Inns offer| student rates during other periods subject to availability at timeI of check-in and may be requested.I Sheraton Hotels & Motor Inns (s)| Sheraton Hotels and Motor Inns. A Worldwide Service of irrA SOUND BUYFOR GAL OR GUYCaptureGood VibrationsGraduationsConversationsand Dictations Jf iiir M0NIYSAVE STtPSJH,L TIMECarry Out & Deliveryr2 CHICKEN^nngr M.25jRIB TIP Dinners $ 1.55The lightweight portableTape Recorder, top ratedby consumerseverywhere, at.1342 E. 55th St.HY 3-9259 RIBSI'BIB!5300 DORCHESTER.. •BUCKETS OF CHICKEN8 PC 2.25 16 PC 3.8524 PC 4.95 with FriesRib Dinners - Slab 3.40Small EncT2.!0 - LargeEnd 1.75Sandwiches from 55CRIBSN'BIBS■*’1^1 Deliveries Start 4 p.m.^ Climvi l;| Sat. & sun. 3 P.m.QolidaySweep&hihesI m> wtirv a MWQ4*t rah -nr TAPt mumuwwITAKEAM-Y&NCHINESE-AMERICANRESTAURANTSpecializing inCANTONESE ANDAMERICAN DISHESOPEN DAILYI I A.M. TO 9 P.M.SUNDAYS AND HOLIDAYS12 TO 9 P.M.Orders to take outWUzUs 3tou,.r Skop“FLOWERS FOR ALL OCCASIONS"1308 EAST 53rd STREET22/Maroon/December 6, 1S68 I •• I m.the garnM»nf diNlrk*! OPEN 7 DAYSHY3-0400HOW MUCH YOU MAYSAVE ON YOUR CARINSURANCE WITHSTATE FARMFrank Spinelli1369 E. 53rd. ST.955-3133STATE FARMMiitMl Automobile lM«r»«c# Comp*fl»Homo Office tloMnififton, tlltnoisfPOLICE’ POLICEContinued from Page 21 m, i -suspect. 'She’s a gang girl.” he said. “Irecognized her and asked her. She waswith a girl at Billings in February whenthe girl was shot to death. The group thatkilled the girl shot at her too, but sheducked into a phone booth. The booth gotshot, but she didn’t.Later that evening Sgt. Harrity said thatthe girl would not go to court, but would beturned over to some authority for correc¬tive measures. “After all, it was only at¬tempted theft,” the sergeant said.“She knows who her accomplices are.She just won’t tell. Detectives will spendmore time with her, talking to her to see ifshe’ll give names of offenders. She may,and she may not.”City Ordinance 173-1 defines “special po¬licemen” as any person who, for hire orreward, shall guard or protect any build¬ing, structure, premises, person or proper¬ty within the city,” excepting regular cityand county policement or sheriffs.One guard summed up the job a littledifferently, though when he said, “Basical¬ly we’re policemen and firemmen, but attimes I think we’re supposed to be psy¬chiatrists, too. When students have frustra¬tions, they may rebel against the first per¬son in a supervisory position they meet.Some of these instances we have to over¬look.”boy: one girl wearing green coat andbright yellow socks; the boy, smaller, waswearing a dark jacket. Suspects were last TT W T"^r¥TI"!\Tseen moving south from 60th and Dorches- Wy II | J| I Iter.”Forty-three minutes later, in comes agirl, age 14-15. wearing a green coat andyellow socks—and, needless to say, es¬corted by two security police. She wasquite and pretty, and she flashed a bravesmile at the female reporter she mighthave thought was in for a similar reason.Soon she was called into an office forsome interrogation. As she is asked “Youwere with two others but you didn’t knowtheir names?” Lt. Juric said, “She’s ajuvenile, so this case calls for special han¬dling. The complaintant (victim of attempt¬ed purse-snatching) will come in and wewill call the city. They will get the juveniledepartment.In the next 30 minutes the girl said shehad been brought to the security stationabout three years ago; as Juric said,“Self-admittedly she has a record here.“The youth officer at the 21st (districtstation) will make the decision,” Juric con¬tinued. “He can send her to Audy Home ifhe wants her tried as a ‘referral’ case, orhe can turn her over to her parents.”Sergeant John Harrity recognized the Friday, December 6RECRUITING VISIT: Smith, Kline & French Labora¬tories, Philadelphia Pennsylvania. PhD. candi¬dates in chemistry, microbiology, pharmacologyand physiology. Call ext 3284 for appointments.APPLICATION DEADLINE: Civil Service Summer Em-oloyment Exam.REAVELOGUE: "The Arab World," InternationalHouse benefit for scholarship fund. InternationalHouse, 8:15 pm. Students 50c, others $1.ONEG SHABBAT: Hillel House, 8:30 pm.Saturday, December 7WORKSHOP: Israeli Dance Workshop, Rivka Sturman,Israeli choreographer. Ida Noyes Hall, 8 pm.Admission $2, students $1.JAZZ CONCERT: Maurice McIntyre Sextet. Ida NoyesHall, 8 pm. Admission $1.50.LECTURE: "I did my 4 year navy hitch in IVr yearswith an Honorable Discharge," Kevin McMahon.College of Complexes, 105 W. Grand Avenue,9 pm. College tuition $1.Sunday, December 8UNIVERSITY RELIGIOUS SERVICE: "Where WiseMen Kneel," Reverend E. Spencer Parsor.s,Preacher. Rockefeller Memorial Chapel, 11 am.SUNDAY EVENING AT BONHOEFFER: "Drugs, DrugAbuse and Sex," Dr. Richard Moy, director ofstudent health. Bonhoeffer House. Supper (75c),5:30, program, 6:30 pm.Saturday, December 14FILM: "Magical Mystry Tour" recommended by Cul¬ture Vulture. Chicago Circle Center, ChicagoCircle arnpus, U of I. 7:30, 9:30, 11:30 pm.Tickets $2.Make your reservations nowfor Christmas Parties.We can accomodate you andfrom 10 to 60 of your guestsTHE EAGLEcocktails . . . luncheon . . . dinner . . . iate snacks . . .S3U BLACKST0NE BANQUET ROOM HY 3-1933 Drixnng: Officer Robert McGuireTHE STUDENT CO-OPWINTER QUARTER TEXTBOOKSConing Next Weeksilence silence silencesilence silence silencesilence silencesilence silence silencesilence silence silenceOpen Weekdays until Dot. 24, fron 10-6Maroon/ December 6, 1968/23fThe Renault 16ir' Ihidden trunk trickIf you’ve ever owned a stationwagon you know there’s no wayto carry anything in one withoutletting the whole world know aboutit. Including the underworld.Butthe Renault 16Sedan-Wagontook care of that with one neat trick.A hidden trunk.When it’s a sedan, it’s got a hid¬den trunk behind the back seat bigenough to carry about 9 suitcases.In secret. (When it’s a stationwagon it’s got up to 42 cubic feetof hauling space.)And it takes care of a few other 42 CU. FT. STATION WAGONwould-be problems. Like fuel con¬sumption: 28 miles to the gallon.Comfort: Stirling Moss, in the Brit¬ish publication QUEEN Magazine,said: “ I can’t recall a car in which theseats afford such an astonishingdegree of luxury. Correction. TheMercedes-Benz 600 does —but itwill cost you 10 times as much as thisone.” ($25,785.) And your budget:Only $2445 P.O.E.RENAULTTHE RENAULT 16 SEDAN-WAGONimports,2235 SO. MICHIGAN AVE., CHICAGO. ILL. 60515TEL 326-2550J4/Maroon/December 6, 1963J i * < * s i i(VOLVO)Volvos last an average |of 11 years in Sweden.They average about aay and a half in our showroom.I I.. l« -l .,..,11 t.., Im.mm •\»,]%» ll 1,-1- I.MIU.I V I. IU I,.IU I..II J V,. ,|..n'r-"1i IIml. > I'.iil «. .!•. kn.iu lh.it..) ill ll.. \..l\... i. _iI in lli.' I ml. .1 N.iK■- in th.* I.i-tI I -till ll,.' I.M.I,III. I, -I ,. |..| l„Tv %%. I- I-.'-, in-.' III'.,i I. u iii .|.» k. \n.| It.ink 1% . ».■ .|..n'l . \|m-. 1 |.. Ii.m tli. in. I l.i.t 11M PJ .\\ In. I, I., ml. i.-li,|... p it i.|..v I V..l\•— ''m. ,. Ilk.-1.. I.n% tli*.in I... .in-.- lli.-, I.i-t. W. Ilk. I..-. IIIII. n, I..-. th. X , 11 * I.VOLVO SALES &SERVICE CENTER, INC.7720 STONY ISLAND AVE.CHICAGO, ILL. 60649 RE 1-3800You don't havemore than a minuteto lose.Or gainWell give you that guarantee when you buy an Accutron • time-piece It II be accurate to within a minute a month.t An average oftwo seconds a day Other watches have their own notions about howlong a day should last Sometimes they shorten it to 23 hours and 56minutes Or make it last longer than the usual 24 hours. Accutrondoesn t believe in making time. Or losing it. Just keeping it.ACCUTRON-' by BULOVA ff It goesOFERTE The staff ofThe Maroonwishes youA Very Merry Christmasp --,rr rr—»yr. r-i ir,■ i.j TMad HatterRestaurant & Cafe“ON THE OTHER SIDE OF THE TRACKS"Enjoy your food listening to classical music — OurMenu is exquisite and reasonable • SteakburgerseFrench Pancakes • Hoppel Popple • Homecookeddinners • Fabulous Vala’s Ice Cream, Sodas, Pas¬tries and Coffee •FREE PARKING adjacent on lot of East End Park Hotel on 53rd.1656 E. 53rd STREET 955-2229Stwknt discount '1422 East 53rd St. Pbor*. 363-016 RevitalizationInvites you to Let Yourself Go at our FREEPAnNT-niNUnwind, stop studying, and love paintingmaterials, refreshments and music arefree, compliments of REVITILIZATION.Wear messy clothes-bring your records.7:30-10:00Sat., Dec. 7 Ida NoyesBasementMORGAN’S CERTIFIED SUPER MARTOpen to Midnight Seven Days a Weekfor your Convenience1516 E. 53rd. ST.These*, term papersTyped, edited to specifications.Also tables and charts.11 yrs. exp.MANUSCRIPTS UNLIMITED664-5858866 No. Wabash Ave. Koga Gift ShopDistinctive Gift Items FromThe Orientand Around The World1462 E. 53rd St.mM1^685^mh You don’tJustin”.IF YOU ARE 21 OR OVERMALE OR FEMALEHAVE A DRIVER’S LICENSEDRIVE A YELLOWJust telephone CA 5-6692 orApply in person at 120 E. 18th St.EARN MORE THAN $25 DAILYAPPLY NOW FOR WORKDURING CHRISTMAS VACATIONShort or full shift adjusted toyour school schedule.DAY, NIGHT or WEEKENDSWork from garage near home or school.■—— "HUMBUG: THE MAROON CLASSIFIED ADSRIDES WANTEDTo upstate New York for 2—Lv.Dec. 20—share driving and exp.Call 288-1418 after 5.To Mexico, Texas, N.M. for Xmas.Will share dr./exp. 752-7106 Dennis.To Boston after exams. Share dr.& gas Alan, 1712x Thompson FA 4-9500.Have Body, need ride to NewOrleans/Baton Rouge end of quar¬ter; will share exp. 8, driving, ext.3378, Waghorne around 1 P.M.Grad couple, over 25, good drivers,looking for car to drive to N.Y.C.or point between Syracuse 8, N.Y.C.any time before Xmas. Call 643-4413.To SAN ANTONIO after Dec. 12.Call 1514 Pierce.RIDERS WANTEDTo Toronto or en route. Leavearound the 20th, return before the1st. Call Ken at ext. 3266, or 324-9358 eves.Busses to N.Y. and Philadelphia.Thurs. evening, 12/12 and Fri. eve¬ning 12/13. Return Sat, 1/4. $35.Call or visit SGCF Office, Rm. 306Ida Noyes Hall, 1-5 weekdays, ext.3598.To Phila. Leave Dec. 13, returnJan. 5, Call FA 4-8200, ext. 669.To Phila. Xmas, 324-8930.Rider wanted to share driving andexpenses to SF-Monterey. Must haveminimum of luggage (VW). LeavingSat., Dec. 28. Call Abramson, X8227or 667-3107.To Philadelphia Dec. 12, fromN.Y.C. Jan 5. Ted Ingis, Ml 3-6000,524.To Calif., 12/14. Need rider(s).Larry, 955-3575.Want 3 people to share cab toO'Hare on Dec. 12. Leaving Univ.area around 7 A.M. & will pick uppassengers at home. 955-2187.MEXICO over Xmas? Grad stuseeks others to travel with. Barbara363-5267.THE BALCONYIS COMING.ROOMMATE WANTEDNeed 3rd girl for nice 7-rm. apt.near campus. Own rm. $45/mo.5732 S. Maryland, 643-1407.3 undergrad girls need 4th, 57th &Dorchester. $65/mo. 324-1120.Fml roommate to share large furn¬ished So. Shore apt. win. 8< spr.-qrt. $45/mo. 324-0878.Opening for one person in apt. at5400 Greenwood. 288-4204.Two male grad, students need room¬mate, pref. female grad own room.$55/mo. inc. utilities. 493-6474.Male student wanted to share 6rm. house at 57 8, Maryland forwinter quarter. $150/mo. 363-3710.Fml rmmate wanted win. qtr. only.Own room, 4 min. from campus,fully furn., safe, $45/mo. no cats.643-6803. 3 fern want 4th, own room. $52/mo.52/Kimbark, Sue, 684-3915.WANTED TO RENTUnfurn. apt. 1-3 rms. under $100—anytime Dec. 378-0432.Couple wants apt. to rent, Dec. 17-Jan. 4. Contact FA 4-8200, Rm. 507.THE PLAY OF HERODA medieval musical drama is com¬ing Jan. 10 8, 11. Watch for it!FOR RENTAttractive room for woman. Kitchen,fac. East Hyde Park. 643-4401.Blackstone Hall apt. 2 undergradgirls single bdrms. 667-0947.Faculty family seeks student forwinter and spring quarter to "livein"; room and board in exchangefor a number of hours of baby sit¬ting (hrs. to be mutually deter¬mined) and help with breakfast anddinner chores, 643-2997.Quiet sleeping 8, study room closeto campus—male only $40/mo. 5475S. Ellis Ave. DO 3-1918—call Sat.P.M.House, 5 rms. plus basement andgarage, for the winter quarter forfamily. Excellent location: 57 andMaryland. $300 monthly. DO 3-3710.Studio apartment complete kitchenaround $100/mo. 5521 Everett, callFA 4-2420.L. Handelsman of SG recommendsunfurn. apts, 2, 3’/j rms. $75 up.Free utils. Short-term lease. Quiet,Williams, 6043 Woodlawn.Single apartment available cheap—53rd 8, Blackstone, call: 236-5365,x48 (days), 955-9837 (eves. 8< week¬ends).Furnished 3Vi rms. newly decorated,living room with dinette, kitchen,IVj bedrcom, hall with study space,suitable for working men. Garage$12.50. $155.00 per month. MU 4-8222.FOR SALE'64 Renault 8 automatic: $700.00Lesly Imports 326-2550.Dark brown coat, with mink collar;seldom worn; size 12, 13. Best of¬fer. 667-8785, evenings.The new BEATLES ALBUM or anyother record at Hyde Park's lowestprices Sanford Rockowitz, 288-4204.'67 VW bug very clean, AM-FMLesly Imports, $1400, 326-2550.Chickering upright piano. $125.UCX4522 ; 955-6391. ‘'65 Chev Impala Conv. stick 8 PSSnow tires, $800.00. Call 288-4609.Fender Dual Pick-up Guitar, case,Gibson amp., all $165; Remingtonport, typewriter, elite, $35. 643-6039.COLD? Bargain on new sheep-skincoat from Poland—white fur insidewith honey-colored suede outside.$100. Size: medium for a man, largefor a girl. Double-breasted, verynicely tailored. Call 363-0553 or seeit on Judd Commons coat rackTuesday 8. Thursday. Original cost$135. '62 Volvo 2dr sedan—radio, tolerableshape, runs well, $400.00. LeslyImports, 326-2550.Harman-Kardon stereo FM citationtuner, for moderate or hi-pricedset-up. Call 288-6033, or FA 4-8200,#577. under $120.36 inch counterbalanced rug loom,like new $80.00. 32 inch folding lackloom, excellent condition $100.00.219-938-5892.Good used TVs reconditioned. $24.958, up. American Radio 1300 E. 53rd,53 Kimbark Plaza. '''67 Renault 10 automatic — veryclean, radio, $1180.00, Lesly Imports.326-2550.Super-Takumar 200/f4 auto lensbrand new cond. $140 firm. 684-1394eves.Brand new recently Issued JAZZLP's for $2.85. Cop at the StudentCo-op.BUY MY DRUMS. Ludwig, 4-pieces,extras, ex. cond. $400.00 or offer.Call Rick, BU 8-6610, 3214x Flint.Batik banners, wall hangings, $2-15.5340 Woodlawn, 493-0856.Long hair raccoon coats—from $25,2037 E. 75th St. FA 4-8259.Elec, bass guitar, solid body, dou¬ble pickup. Silvertone amp. Twochannels, 105 watts, very goodcond. $250 00, 955-1917.Kittens, Siam 8wks $20, 562-6831.1 season ticket to Chicago SymphonyOrchestra, 10 performances, $20.00,call 493-5371.What Happenedto this girl’s hair?Christmas Specials on stereo com¬ponents—speakers, headphones, rec-ordchangers. All at discount pricesat MUSICRAFT. Campus rep. BobTabor, 324-3005.WANTED TO BUYDress form adjustable or size 10,call ext. 3266.Metal mouthpiece for soprano sax,238-5630.HANDOUTSNeed old clothes for poor(cold)kids.Larry 955-3575.PEOPLE WANTEDPart-time clean up man (afternoons)about 4 hrs. per day. $2.00 per hourto start. Wash cars, broom, mop,etc. Diligence and vigour rewarded!Lesly Imports, Inc. 2235 So. Michi¬gan. 326-2550.Secretary-Receptionist, 12-4 everyday. Should be smart and "together"as you'll have to keep track ofevery one else's business. Typingtoo. Apply in Cobb 330.The Chicago Literary Review needsan entreprenurial type to serve asBusiness Manager. Remuneration inform of a healthy percentage ofgross advertising revenue. Set yourown hours. Come afternoons to INH305, or call X3276. EOE.LOSTSmall leather black key case with4 keys. 493-7622, eves.$20 REWARD for green vinyl loose-leaf notebook left in Biology coffeeroom. Roberts, ex. 2707.Brown coin purse lost Mon. nearBookstore, Snell 41 or 684-5467.Keys. Attached by chain to smalltan coin purse. Call Laura, 324-1345.Reward.PEOPLE FOR SALEWill do rough draft typing—35c/page. Call Jim—624-2749.CHINESE COOKING LESSONS:Authentic Chinese cooking taught inlovely Chinese home. Learn to pre¬pare and serve over 12 dishes insix weeks. Tuition $20. Materials$5. begin Jan. Limited enrollment.7 per class. Call 324-8070.This Tuesday and Wednesday (Dec. 10 and I I)come to Lowes for a phenomenal price on agreat new album. May I do your typing. 363-1104.Term papers, theses typed. IBMelec. 40c/page. Mrs. Cohen 338-5242evngs.FOR ADOPTIONAbsolutely free! 20 lbs. kitty litterand kitty pan with two absolutelyfree fern, cats, one spayed, willsep. if nec. Eves, wkends 667-6507.NEW MUSIC"The best players in the AACM(Joseph Jarman, Roscoe Mitchell,Maurice McIntyre) have few peersamong their contemporaries." —Down Beat. Hear Maurice whileyou can for $1.50, tomorrow at 8:00,Ida Noyes.THINGS TO COMEThe Balcony by Genet—3rd and 4fhwkend. win. qr. Reynolds ClubTheatre.PERSONALSTHE GREAT MOTHER WHO?Has anyone seen our Revolution?—The Book Center.Anyone wanting to actively supportthe grape boycott, call UFWOC,427-7078.WHO IS THE ELECTRONIC NIG¬GER?The return of Lash Larue—tomor¬row night, Mandel Hall.Otto Preminger meets Sam Bern¬stein, tonight.Marcuse, One Dimensional Man,Eros and Civilization, Reason andRevolution at the Book Center.A Quiz for ML:Which smells worse, and is more ofa health hazard?(a) shit(b) piss(c) dustThe subject who is truly loyal tothe Chief Magistrate will neitheradvise nor submit to arbitrarymeasures.—Junius.Support the grape boycott!Christmas parties??? Back home??Call Vicki Myers, ext. 4291.Otto Preminger, internationallynoted director-producer, visits CobbHall tonight, immediately followingthe U.C. premiere of his 1957 film,BONJOUR TRISTESSE at 7:15. Allare welcome to this FREE docfilms special event.Safe, fully insured driver will pay$40 for use of automobile duringinterim. Call 363-6331.Only Chicago appearance—DoctorStrange-"Demonstrations in AppliedPhenomenology" Mandel Hall, tomorrow night.Why is Roger Black's imaginationso barren that he can't think ofanything the Maroon wouldn't printon the classified page?"Electronic Nigger" Roosevelt U.Theatre Dec. 11-? 8:30 WA 2-3590ext. 309.If you really want to snow yourchick, wine and dine her at theCourt House.Why are O'Connell and Levi againsthaving the Living Theatre on cam¬pus?Answer: because they are afraidof any kind of shit being raisedthat might scare off students or,more importantly, contributors.Another indication of this paranoiais that students are being toldnever to walk alone at night toFifty-third street, of all places. Thisadvice is given in order to preventeven the slightest possibility of any¬body being attacked. After all,somebody might throw a bagel fromUnique at you.First HITCHCOCK, then JOHNFORD, and now, doc films presentsOTTO PREMINGER discussing hislife and his work. See BONJOURTRISTESSE at 7:15 in Cobb Hallthen talk to Preminger about EXO¬DUS, LAURA, THE CARDINAL,ANATOMY OF A MURDER, andhis life in 30 years of filmmaking.Hear Nutty Bamboo, mystic, ex¬plorer, relate Nepalese adventurestomorrow night Mandel Hall.You mean they're defying S.l* Ha-yakawa, the noted semanticist? Watch for the Great Mother Shipsailing into your cinematic neigh¬borhood Monday at the Hyde ParkShopping Center parking lot.R.S. You are forgiven. V.M.G.Want to know more about partiesover Christmas vacation? Call VickiMyers Ext. 4291. SKI ASPEN. 8 days, 9 meals, alltows, round-trip jet, taxes, Dec. 14Feb 8' Marcti is!My name's Preminger ... 1 makemovies, (see him tonight, Cobb Hall,7:15. doc films.)Off to Jerusalem? Call MARCOPOLO at 288-5944."Alt About Ontology — The Philos¬ophy of Richard McKeon Made Sim¬ple" — a film for children 6-60,produced by Gas-works, in conjunc¬tion with Coronet Films and theEncyclopedia Britannica, tomorrownight, Mandel Hall. WRITER'S WORKSHOP-PL 2-8377See Cynthia, the beautiful, innocentyoung girl, dance naked among thedope freaks. Cheap Thrills (i.eadult entertainment), tomorrownight, Mandel Hall.Don't buy grapes IDropping out? Want to fool your¬self into thinking that there isreally something worthwhile interms of a job (very loosely defin¬ed)? Check out the Vocations forSocial Change booklet at CareersCounseling and Placement.Wanted: male student to share Ig.apt. 5400 Greenwood. 643-1145.I wonder if Gordon plays soccer inthe snow?"Krassner has an obsession aboutbody wastes."—Jack Mabley in acolumn headed: Students Find Yip-pie show a Real Turkey. I wonderwhich students he was talkingabout. I was there, and it seemedto me that most people enjoyed theevening, which was a bit boring inspots, but overall very good.Join the Underground—throw awaythose copies of Evergreen Review-see STEREOPTICON tomorrownight, Mandell Hall, 7:00, 8:30,10:00.Congratulations Emmett and Susan.FREE FILM TONIGHT! Otto Pre¬minger's BONJOUR TRISTESSE(1957), in Cinemascope and tech¬nicolor, followed by a discussionwith Mr. Preminger himself. CobbHall, 7:15. Another Doc. films spe¬cial presentation.the PIPE spits.If you and your chick like beerand classical guitar and you haven'tcome to the Court House after 9:30weekdays for a Pitcher of Beeryou aren't where it's at.Groovy room available in Black¬stone after Xmas. 288-3670 for scin¬tillating details.YOGA—transcend depression, anx¬iety,"ennui. Sri Nerode: DO 3-0155. KUKU—eggs mixed with fresh veqs,fried in butter, at Ahmad's.Panasonic radios and tape record-ers; Craig trap recorders. PlusKLH and all the usual goodies. TheFret Shop, Harper Court.HELPI! New Pre-School in nonprofit Settlement House on NorthSide (serving Polish, Black, Puerto-Rican, etc., communities) needsDOLLS, DOLL FURNITURE, or anyPLAY EQUIPMENT—small or lar¬ge, from rubber balls to a junglegym. If you have any contributions,new or used, (or prefer to contri¬bute money for the purchase otnew equipment--we'd love to be ableto buy a Little Brother or LittleSister Doll!)PLEASE bring them to the MaroonBusiness Office, Ida Noyes Hall,.rm. 304, December 9 thru 13 Orif we're not around, leave them atthe desk on the main floor, tellthem it's for the Maroon.See STEREOPTICON, tomorrownight, Mandel Hall, 7:00, 8:30,10:00.I am sorry to have to introducethe subject of Christmas in thesearticles. It is an indecent subject;a cruel, gluttonous subject, adrunken, disorderly subject; awasteful, disastrous subject; awicked, cadging, lying, filthy, blas¬phemous and demoralizing subject.Christmas is forced on a reluctantand disgusted nation by the shop¬keepers and the pres: in its ownmerits it would wither and shrivelin the fiery breath of universalhatred; and anyone who looked backto it would be turned into a pillarof greasy sausages —George Bernard Shaw.RUSSIAN taught by native teacher.Rapid method. Free trial lesson.CE 6-1423, 9-5.The Maroon Classified Ads are ahuge dung heap—where are thegood old well-hung black studs andsex-starved nympho chicks? Get onthe ball (as it were) Sherman.Who is the electronic nigger?Add a new dimension to your ex¬perience — STEREOPTICON, tomor¬row night, Mandel Hall. The above ad was paid for by awell-hung nympho chick with itshead up his/her ass.Cathart final week tensions. MAU¬RICE MCINTYRE, 8:00 tomorrow,Ida Noyes.Want to have first crack at theactivists of tomorrow? Call Vicki ISRAELI DANCE WORKSHOP withRIVKA STURMAN, December 7,Myers, Ext. 4291. 8 P.M. Ida Noyes Hall.26/Maroon/December 6, 1968■,'Vr f, ,t ** * t.DESIGN4 GIFTSOur new Design 1 collectionfrom Africa, Asia ami LatinAmerica is now at its peak.Now is tlie time to makeyour jewelry, liamlieratts amisculpture selections. Hun¬dreds of items for giving orgetting . . . many one of akind. Everything is hand¬crafted . . . and everything’ssomething very special.8^99Wine Rack **Fondue Set $2400 InternationalArts and Crafts CenterGift Quid* SelectorOur new Design 4 collec¬tion from Africa, Asia andLatin America is now at itspeak. Now is the time tomake your jewelry, handi¬crafts and sculpture selec¬tions. Hundreds of itemsfor giving or getting. . .many one of a kind. Every¬thing is handcrafted . . .and everything's some¬thing very special. Tho Shot* For All ReasonsYoung designs. Flying emotions in foLa Puima is now. \!l else is \< -terday.hold good looks. !5road hi" and heel,sole. \ ilium- or rime dale hrown. sizes\nd stjeli a low price starling at Slfi.T j.I. Monk II, 35031* it things,'-happingextension■> to 10.Bookends $429HandcraftedTreasuresFor MenNew and different cut! links, tielack*, tie clips. Many are one of alond. Smalt larue. narrow or wide.Handcrafted to add a note of dis¬tinction to any wardrobe Availablein a variety of exotic woods, pre¬cious stones, metals and unusualblushes. (g.jO to (10.00.Pocket ChessGifts of TreasureHandcraftedMiniatureSculptureIntrlguina, unusual theseoriginal an-1 classic sculpturemake distinctive gifts—for giving or getting.Selected from our extensivecollection of African, Asianand Latin American sculpture.Come browse and discoveryour own special treasure1. Budda Head $?<1 ?52. Benin Rooster $4.Cw3. Masai Head 0T.4V4. Thorn Figure $5.995. Horse $4.756. Pre-Columbian Figure ('.onto select from ournow collodion of mood.sotting incoitso andin con so humors. Manyovcilinj: Irafjranoos.Aromatic. lon<:-lastin<!and oflflm iont.Imported from Africa.Mexico anti India.Incense front.99Burners from$2.49Exotic HandcraftedHair OrnamentsOriginals and copies ofunique hair oranamrnts fromAfrica. Asia and LatinAmerica. Pins of little hellsand halls in gold andmetal horn and leather,silver. Ita rrettrs in wood.Ileadhands in suede, leatherand hdiniwoven doth. Idealto highlight French roll,the An Naturel, or theChignon.*125 S1()(H>llicfe ml slopesA new international arts and crafts centerJEWELRY • HANDICRAFTS • SCULPTUREHarper Court 5210 S. Harper 324*7600Convenient hours: Noon to 7:30 p.m. daily;Closed Sunday HANDCRAFTED lll\CSfor['<—‘ »> your findersCome select from our new eidleetion of hold excitingrings from \sia, f.alin America ami \friea. Many newshape*, new dimensions, new exciting ideas as well asclassical favorites to show, dazzle arfd cherish. Poisonrings from Mexico. Yernminite rings from Israel.Puzzle rings from Turkey. Ml handcrafted. All some¬thing very special.*1 19 i.y 00Maroon/December 6, 1968/27Does The Party Mart Sett Cheese?Of Course9 Only the Best225 Kinds And From 17 CountriesFrom Fra nre?Buche LoraineBrieGourmandisePipo-cremeBoursinRouquefort a semi-soft surface ripened cheesefresh, fragrant and delicatelightly touched with Kirsch or flavored with walnutsa pungent and sharp tasting creamy bluelike no other cream cheese in the world — with fine herbs or withoutmade of ewe’s milk sharp and saltyFrom Enyland?StiltonDouble GloucesterFrom ttaly?RomanoTalfino GalbaniGorgonsola king of the blue cheeses of the world -- we sell prime quality onlyso delicate you can taste the buttermilka hard cheese for hand eating -• made in the Sicilian mountainsand aged 3 yearssharp and semi-soft — creamy white and deliciouspungent sharp and creamy — this finest quality is aged 2 yearsFrom Uvvmany?KochkaeseAI penjoyBiancoFrom lire rev?Feta a crumbly type of cheese — cooked with caraway seedseven in this smoked cheese the Germans add sausagewhite, semi-soft, very lightly aromaticpreserved in brine to retain its freshness — used in salads or by itself $1.19 ea$3.39 lb$2.19 lb.$3.19 lb$1.59 ea$2.79 lb$1.99 lb$1.39 lb$2.79 lb$2.29 lb$2.15 lb$0.95 14 oz$1.49 lb$1.95 lb$1.59 lbFrom New York?Herkimer white or yellow shelf-cured *• sharpFrom Canada?Cheddar shelf cured, sharp, semi-hard $1.19 lb$1.99 lbFrom Switzerland?EmmenthalarGruyere no hard crusts, only nutty flavored center cutssmaller holes, sharper and firmer textureFrom Denmark?Cream BlueHavarti taste this mild creamed blue for salads or hors d’oeuvresspringy but firmer than port-salut - yellow with tiny holesFrom Holland?GoudaEdam made of whole milk to increase the flavor -- perfect with red wineand a ham sandwichmade of skimmed milk — a light delicious flavor — to be eaten freshwith crackers or crisp breadCANADA DRYGINGER ALE or SPARKLING WATERcase of large bottles $2.25 12 DIFFERENT WINES FROM12 DIFFERENT COUNTRIES AND AWINE RACK TO HOLD THEM .ALL,GIFT WRAPPED. $2.29 lb$2.19 lb$1.59 lb$1.45 lb$1.39 lb$1.45 lb*33°°From the Rare and Unusual Wines of The World at The Party Mart.1~jLe Party II!art2427 E. 72nd ST. (at EXCHANGE)OPEN Daily 10 AM-11 pm SUNDAY 12 NOON 9 PM/Maroon/December 6, 1968The Chicago Literary ReviewVol. 6, No. 2 The Nation's Most Widely Circulated Student Publication December, 1968Evil Loves, Good CannotHerod and Mariamne by Par Lagerkvist,translated from the Swedish by NaomiWalford. Alfred A. Knopf, $4.95.by GUY FARRELLWith delicacy and simplicity Par Lag¬erkvist re-tells the Bibical story of Herodthe Great and his gentle wife Mariamne.Herod, remembered from Matthew as“The Terrible” for the Slaughter of theInnocents, is for Lagerkvist ‘‘an emblemof mankind: mankind that replenishes theearth but whose race shall one day beerased from it and, so far as may beconjectured, will leave no memorial.” Yet,the success of Par Lagerkvist’s parable isdue as much to the characterization ofHerod as a man as to his being an emblemof Man. The terror of Herod and Mari¬amne does not come from the great cru¬elty of Herod or even from any sense ofpity one might feel for Mariamne as shesacrifices herself for him and the peopleof Judea. Rather, if we are terrified, it isbecause Herod the Great was alone andhe died alone — not because he killedMariamne, but because ‘‘in death we areall alone, all forsaken.” For even Christon the cross cried out, ‘‘Eloi, Eloi, lamasabachthani” (Mark 15:34). But whileChrist could cry to the Father, Herodcould cry only to Mariamne for it wasshe he loved.Par Lagerkvist suffers from the tag ofbeiftg called a “Christian Novelist,” andcertainly such name-calling allows oneto understand his work without ever read¬ing it.. .or even stopping to think whatone means by “Christian art.” Tolstoy,as a theorist of a Christian art — thoughrarely a practitioner — wrote in What isArt?: “The essence of the Christian per¬ception consists in the recognition by ev¬ery man of his sonship to God and of theconsequent union of men with God andwith one another, as is said in the gospel(John xvii:21). Therefore the subject mat¬ter of Christian art is such feeling as canunite men with God and with one an¬other.” If there is a God in Herod andMariamne, he rarely comes closer to manthan an account of three poor travelersfollowing a star in search of a child whowould be “king of the world.” In ParLagerkvist’s vision, men seem far fromone another and there is only a dimsense of a God who seems still moredistant.Part of the difficulty is that there is atendency with parable to try and draw asmany equal signs as possible and thentry and understand it as some sort ofequation. Herod = Ambition: Mariamne= Charity (pity and kindness); Ambition= Evil; Charity = Good; and so forth un¬til everything equals something else andnothing equals merely itself. The readerwould do well to remember Shaw’s warn¬ing, “do not forget that allegory is neverquite consistent except when it is writtenby someone without dramatic faculty, inwhich case it is unreadable.” Moreover,there are degrees of allegory and Mari¬amne is far less a personification thanis Christian in Pilgrim’s Progress.The author’s interest in character isexternalized into actions and the immedi¬ate reasons for actions and not their psy¬chological causes. Lagerkvist delineates Herod and Mariamne through the simplestdevices. When Herod first sees Mariamne,she is described through outward char¬acteristics which explain her charactermuch as a person’s physical appearancewas supposed to reflect his spirit in theMiddle Ages. “Her step was as light asa bird’s; she wore thin-soled sandals witha silver loop round the ankle, and walkedas if weightless.” In contrast, Herod “wasa big man, somewhat heavily built, withcoarse features. . . he trod more heavilyon his right foot. . . and it lent more forceand somehow more menace to his figure.”Herod was dark, even his eyes which somecalled “lion eyes.” But the narrator com¬ments that the “eyes of a lion are muchpaler.” Mariamne is described as having“gentle” eyes. The first meeting betweenthem is described as follows:He met her eyes, though hes¬itantly, knowing the nature of h i sown — knowing that people shiedaway from them.But she did not. She met his gazeserenely and naturally, altogeth¬er untroubled.And when she agreed to marry him,“She gave him her hand. So slender wasit, and so small in his that they bothsmiled a little for all their gravity.”Again the gesture is repeated whenHerod returns to the palace hopingto stop the murder he has ordered, and finds Mariamne wounded through thethroat.“Beloved, beloved,” he whispered,bending o ver her.'“Beloved, be¬loved. . .”Did she hear him? He wouldnever know.She could not speak, and made ahelpless gesture with her hand.Then laid it in his — her slenderlittle hand in his.The dramatic impact is built slowly bya small number of associations, much theway Robbe-Grillet uses a limited numberof observations to indicate the state ofhis character’s mind. Though Par Lager¬kvist is not especially interested in Robbe-Grillet’s theory of L’ecale du regard,the success of Herod aud Mariamne isbut another indication of how well thenovel can get along without interior mono¬logue.Actually, where Par Lagerkvist partsfrom the usual form of parable, he doesso because the nature of what he wishesto abstract is quite different from theusual subject matter of parable. Mariamneis not a saint, and certainly not a savior.She first goes to Herod seeking mercyfor one of the members of her house.Though in the end she is willing to marryhim, to sacrifice herself for him and forthe people of Judea whom she hopes willfare better with Herod under her in¬fluence, she is not able to work miracles. She is able to pity Herod and pity hisvictims at the same time, but there islittle indication that she loves either. “Sheknew that she could never love him; butshe could feel pity. And in feeling thisshe felt also the need to sacrifice herself.”After Herod has made love to her, Lag¬erkvist writes: “Her own instinct nowawoke and — despite the great differencebetween them, or perhaps because of it—she was at times deeply fulfilled. She hadto admit this, repugnant though she foundhim.” The meaning of her departure fromSainthood is twofold: the nature of hersacrifice and the absence of Love.Mariamne’s virture is of quite anothersort than that of the Saint. “Perhaps shewas not really religious, or if she wasthen it was unawares, as if she were goodwithout being conscious of it or giving ita- thought.” Mariamne was good, but hergoodness was a manifestation of herbeauty and as such it had little to do withbeing religious. For Aquinas notwithstand¬ing, the Good of the Saints is often Ter¬rible — we can be kind and say sublime,«but not beautiful. Mariamne “was likethe trees. The wind is the worship thatfills them, and to which at times—thoughnot always — they listen. Their divineservice is within themselves.”Mariamne is good, but her goodnessis neither terrible nor impossible. Christmeant his life as an example for othersto follow, but he set too good an exampleand so he became inhuman. Trying to findan exemplary life that is humanly pos¬sible, Par Lagerkvist created Mariamne.■ Yet the story of Herod and Mariamne isin the final analysis a tragedy, for shecannot be a savior and has not the powerto damn him like a John the Baptist.“It was inevitable that in time he shouldbegin to notice the strained nature of herlove for him, and realize that she did notfeel as he did.” Since the could not lovehim, her sacrifice became meaninglessand eventually even a source of anger.“He brooded and grew sombre, and hislook frightened her; she dared not meetit.” Herod had wanted love, and when herealized that he had given himself to herwhile she only pitied him, he returned tohis old ways.Herod’s loneliness was abated only forthat short time that he was with Mari¬amne, thinking that she loved him. Thegreat temple that he had built to himselfmeant nothing. He knew that as he“looked up at the starry sky and let thestars plunge their spears into his lonelydesert soul.” He dies completely alone,calling her name over and over. In effect,this is a love story in which evil lovesand good does not. The result is a uniquetragedy and a wonderfully subtle and evenmysterious parable on good and evil —violent passion and especially love, whichis perhaps God and the final offering.The narrator, who is himself a characterdistinct from the author, ends his narra¬tion as he began it by pronouncing theeventual doom of man. And then he toocries out:“Mariamne. Mariamne.”Mr. Farrell is a student at Bard College.5.0 ‘t9(SsW»09(I\nOOTl> ’naitira i: . ~. • .The Poet of Big ShouldersThe Letters of Carl Sandburg, edited byHerbert Mitgang, Harcourt, Brace, &World: New York, 1968, 577 pages,$12.50.by LINDA KEISTERAlas, he ‘is dated, belongs to periods,must be read with an awareness of timeshifts;” he is not of our time although helived deeply into it. He is recently here,“biff! bang!” his “speech tones out of theabyss” to remind us of ourselves, of “thathectic mystic American Dream and how itwill ride thru The Atomic Age,” of Amer¬ica when she was self-assured and proud.He had little scholarship and little interestin it except for what he knew about Lin¬coln, and “he put all the essential factsinto his books, loved his man,” no brilliantcrystalline intellect but rather that grandAmerican substitute, a wide heart, “agreat great love-heart of a wonder,” sa¬lubrious, “dear great chum-heart,” blood-sodden, his “big, yearning hungry heartwill hug you.”“You will observe I am knocking out aletter,” he once said, ‘32 letters in threedays;” he “fairly weltered in ink” and the“charming and delectable environment ofpaper and type.” “In a letter a man can’tpile up the facts on facts that he thinksback his conviction,” he “can only sendyou THOUGHTS:” the “joy of life” riding“high in your heart,” all big, pulsing, tur¬bulent, panoramic,” ‘all tumbled and hur¬ried and dusty, here we are” “as full oferrors as the flowing talk of healthy, nor¬mal, aspiring man.” He fairly burst with“big things” beating and whirling his mindand heart, “plans and details of plans forseveral things,” “the ins and outs of vastactions.” “He is one nut, a colorful speci-man:” “vital and joyously loony,” a“decently developed human being” delight¬ing in “deliberate haywire interludes andjogtime babblings.”His mind ranged over all “this worldwe’re living in and all its human trends.”His body roamed from Galesburg to “theswirl of Chicago,” to the “City of Broth¬erly Love (pretty name isn’t it)” and Osh¬kosh: “bustling and populated, stem andreal, a factual entity. . .with lands, bldgs.,laws and noises.” New York: trying “tolive more life than is livable,” playing“hell with the population which is sleazierand snivellery than in any similar compassof American territory.” “Hinckley! Isn’t itmusical?” “Heaven is like Hinckley.” AtPittsburgh: “captured by railroad police”for riding boxcars without a ticket “andsent to the Allegheny County Jail” wherehe “put in ten days.” He went to Mil¬waukee, “a socialist town, you know,” ex¬pecting “to learn things there.” He had“been places and touched people:” in histravels, “a testament for America.” “Aliveand registering” all the time he aimed “tosing, blab, chortle, yodel, like people,” butall the time he rode and walked and hum¬med his “underhums of humor,” he had“roots and clinging vines” holding him toIllinois, to Lincoln, to Paula Steichen Sand¬burg, to Ed her brother, to “certain oldand tried friends.”And to each of them he knocked out onehell of a fan letter: “You are steel andgold” — “That ringing robustious mirth¬fulness of yours”—“I like your range,your head and handling of things” — “Youwere one of his large-visioned friends.” Hewas a “bigrange bird” with friends fromNew Mexico to the White House. He sa¬luted Debs, “hardened for war,” and tookto him as to “a living Chinese poem.” Hewelcomed New England Amy Lowell, “agood neighbor as well as joyous artist,”and together they pulled down “high vaga-bondries out of life.” And he loved Roose¬velt, for with him “as with Lincoln therehad been a response of the People”: he would appear one evening at the WhiteHouse door, guitar in hand, to rest him“on one hell of a job” with “a fine El-a-noy song. . .and an Eskimo sex story asgood as a Chaplin picture.” But he wasalso “a poet with a family” who hadfrequently to consider “a good suggestionabout socks,” even though he was “luckyenough a dreamer to regularly connectwith the payroll of a daily newspaper.” Sohe rocked them and fed them: “Swipes”and Margaret and Janet: three times itwas “a girl with perfection frog legs fas¬tened to a perfection torso,” three timeshis “little red babbling heir-apparent,” andonce another “that had not lived longenough to be named.” All bom to the “hill-born” S.S., the Sandburg-Steichen, borneby “proud, beautiful Lillian!” — “dear1 o v e-pal, Mate—Woman!—Sweetheart!”And to them all, his own and his friends,he sent “flying and flying” his letters bigwith “the overtones of life,” signing,“Carl,” “Carlos,” “Sandy,” “Sandburg,”“Potato Face,” “Boll Weevil,” “Buppong,”“Buddy,” Said “I love you & that is noarkymalarky” to everyone, to “republicansand democrats, patriots and freethinkers,red-beaded men and fiddlers, vegetariansand philosophers, farmers and the civil lib¬erties bunch.” And he opened his vastheart to them, the public, the “Big Babythat it is,” and set himself to “trim itsheart’s garden of a few weeds and growtherein—perhaps roses, perhaps cabbage.”Roses of poetry, cabbages of “mighty goodnonsense,” or cabbages just to eat.He liked his “politics straight:” threw inhis “oratorical stunts” for the labor move¬ment, “bombarded the ramparts of capi¬talism” with ink and type. He was a so¬cialist, because “it’s the only program thatwill rouse the stupor of the masses,” aunion man, a democrat dreaming of a “de¬mocratized earth on the way.” Wide-vision¬ed he could be “no worse off for havingtried to stand on tiptoes and drink fromthe brim of the Big Dipper:” “affirmativeabout the firmaments of life,” he bentdown to hear “the deepest shadowy gongsamong the meanings of democracy.” “Iwould say I am with all rebels everywhereall the time as against all people who aresatisfied.” “I am for reason and satire,religion and propaganda, violence and as¬sassination, or force and syndicalism, anyof them in the extent and degree to whichit will serve a purpose of the people at agiven time toward the establishment even¬tually of the control of the means of life bythe people.” “At present attached to noparty, a nonpartisan observer,” an inde¬pendent, he knew his way around a sit-down strike: “THE SHORTER WORKDAYOF THE AMERICAN WORKING MANRESULTED NOT AS A REASONABLEAND HUMAN ARRANGEMENT IN¬STIGATED BY THE EMPLOYERS BUTBY REASON OF WORKINGMEN FORM¬ING UNIONS, PULLING STRIKES ANDGOING IN FOR THE WHOLE SORRYPROGRAM OF VIOLENCE AND HATETHAT RUNS WITH SUCH WARFARE.”But if there showed “some animus of vio¬lence in Chicago Poems,” his real artisticaim was “the presentation of motives andcharacter,” not “the furtherance of I.W.W.theories;” but he did remember thePeople, and keyed part of his “stuff a littlelower so to catch the upper strata of prole¬tarians.”He had it: the “vitality, bounding, exu¬berant health. . .of every artist worth hear¬ing.” He aimed to catch “the big ease andjoy of life,” “a human note at times,” inthat “medium of free verse,” “libertarianrhythms” that welled up from his deepdreams. His “poickry,” sometimes “moreof a ragged memorandum than a poem,”made him “puns drunk,” sunk him “fath¬oms deep where some good poems juststepped out and wrote themselves.” Hespoke “Americanese,” “batty and queer”but acquainted with “the moon and the ele¬mental rustlings.” “Having an ear for passwords and high signs,’ nevertheless hewondered, when “darkly great and subtlybeautiful,” his Art “strangely effloresced.”He sought “a unique and personal way.’He found “art originates with EXCESS”:“a honey of perfectly apocryphal” MAD¬NESS to “get the feel of what it is thatmoves you.”And he took “old age and decrepitudewithout whimpering,” rememberingstrongly his “rather rich processional” ofliving “tangled in dream and death.” Atseventy he “considered it time for melodicpause in the playing of Harmonica Hum¬drums.” At eighty-five, he thought he was“entitled to a vacation,” “for writing let-Creator Spiritus Richard L. SnowdenEditor Jeff Schni'zerCo-Editor Rick HackAssoc. Editors Gary HoustonJim KeoughArt Editor Bob GriessPaperback Editor Jeanne SaferManaging Secretary . . . .Mary Sue LeightonBusiness Manager Harvey WigderAssoc. Managing Editor . .Shirley ThornberPre-Review Editor Sara HellerAss't. Managing Editors . . . .Guidi WeissRona KeoughLinda RosenbergSteven UrkowitzEliot MazurCampus EditorsAlbion College Thomas TerpBard College Bob HallBarat College Mary SextonBrandeis U David PittU. of California (Irvine) ....Patsy TruxawU. of California (Riverside) . .Joe PlummerCal. Tech Carroll BoswellCarleton College Cy SchellyCarnegie-Mellon U Dave KamonsChicago St. College Milt LillieU. of Colorado (Denver) ....Leslie MinorConcordia College Herb GeislerElmhurst College John BizerGoucher College Karen SandlerU. of Illinois (Urbana) Elise CasselU. of Illinois (Chicago) ..Fred ArmentroutIII. Institute of Tech Bill BoltonKalamazoo College ....Brenda LashbrookLoyola U Stephanie JaguckiU. of Maryland Mary HurlbutU. of Michigan Dan OkrentMichigan St. U Dave GilbertMiles College Deloris McQueenU. of Minnesota Paul GruchowU. of Mo. (Kansas City) Tony MurphyMontana St. U Diane TravisMundelein College ....Kathleen CumminsCollege of New Rochelle . .Madelaine BlaisSt. U. of N.Y. (Stony Brook) Sharon CookeU. of No. Carolina (Greensboro)Marie NahikianNorth Park College Ted LodaOakland U Norman HarperU. of Pennsylvania Stephen MarmonPrinceton U A. Michael ThomasRice U Dennis BahlerU. of Rochester Elizabeth HayShimer College Andy ZahalySouthwestern U. (Tennessee) ...Bill CaseySouthwestern U. (Texas) . . . .Judy FranzeTemple Buell College ....Susan PoyneerTowson State College . .Michael VogelmanU. of Utah r Ed DitterlineValparaiso U Bruce BittingVanderbilt U. Mark McCrackinMary Washington College(U. of Va.) Susan WagnerWashington College Thackray DoddsWashington U Renee WinterWayne State U Oscar GarciaWebster College Mary PetersenWilson College Linda DavisU. of Wise. (Madison) ...Donna BlackwellU. of Wise. (Milwaukee) ...John SeversonCollege of Wooster Richard MorganCity EditorsNew York Sue GoldbergWashington Tom MillerSan Francisco Patrick GormanLondon Roger NichollsGlasgow David Lioyd-JonesEdinburgh Kay Harley ters too is writing”: and the letter,stopped flying.“Rich-hearted,” having seen “closeupmany various layers of humanity in vari¬ous locales,” this “familiar silhouette.”demonstrating a “rare capacity for toiland solitude,” lazing in “blue pools ofquaker quietude,” tried “to live more oflife than can be lived in one place at acertain time.” He “hits me strong,” thisman “being at once reality and myth.”“That is all. I could go much farther butthat is all.”Miss Keister is a fourth-year student inEnglish at Bryn Mawr CollegeTABLE OF CONTENTS:NOVELS:Herod and Mariamne page 1The Beastly Beatitudesof Balthazar B page 3The Concrete Judasbird page 9Beneath the Wheel page 10New Grub Street page 12CULTURE:The Beatle's Biography page 6The Yellow Submarine page 6The Beatles page 7Lonesome Cities page 8The Realist page 9Joys of Yiddish page 12HISTORY AND PUBLIC AFFAIRS:Equality by StatuteOur Children's BurdenCity with a ChanceBeyond Civi! lights page 4Aspects of Antiquity page 8LETTERS, THEATER, AND ESSAYS:Letters of Sandburg page 2The Gilded Stage page 5Camus' Essays page 11Paperbacks page 11ARTWORK:Virgil Burnett pages 5, 8, 12Susan Grecu page 11Bob Griess pages 3, 10Julie Slott pages 6, 7The Chicago Literary Review is publishedsix times during the academic year at theUniversity of Chicago.Chief editorial offices: 1212 E. 59th St.,Chicago, Illinois, 60637. Phone: Ml 3-0800exts. 3276, 3277. Subscriptions: $5.00 peryear. Copyright 1968 by The ChicagoLiterary Review. All rights reserved.The Chicago Literary Review is distributed by theChic;.'■ jo Maroon the Albion Pleiad, the Bard Observer,the Barat Heurist, the Brandeis Justice, the Univer¬sity of California (Irvine) New University, the Califor¬nia Institute of Technology California Tech, toeCarleton Cartetonian, the Carnegie-Mellon Tartan,the University of Colorado (Denver) Fourth Estate,the Concordia Spectator, the Elmhurst Elm B*"<'the Goucher Goucher Weekly, the University of n"nois (Urbana) Daily lllini, the I IT Technology News,the Kalamazoo Index, the University of MichiganMichigan Daily, the University of Missouri (KansasCity) University News, the Mundelein Skyscraper,the College of New Rochelle Tatler, the State uni¬versity of New York (Stony Brook) Slateman, tneNorth Park College North Park News, the OakianoObserver, the University of Pennsylvania Daily Penn¬sylvanian, the Princeton Daily Princetonian, theKiceThresher, the Rochester Campus Times, the ShimeExcalibur, Southwestern (Tennessee) Sou'wester, fSouthwestern (Texas) Megaphone, the Temple-BueWestern Graphic, the Towson State Tower Ligni,the Valparaiso Torch, the Vanderbilt Hustler,Washington Elm, the Mary Washington College Buiie,the Washington University Student Life, Websterlege Web, Wilson College Billboard, University oWisconsin (Madison) Daily Cardinal, CollegeWooster Voice, and by Miles College Milean.Reprint rights have been granted to the Uni vers; yof California (Riverside) Highlander, the ChicagoState College Tempo, the University of Illinois tun-cago) Commuter Mini, the Loyola News, the uversify of Maryland Diamondback, the micnigState News, the Minnesota Daily, the Montana btaicUniversity Exponent, the State University of nYork (Stony Brook) Statesman, the University of nowCarolina (Greensboro) Carolinian, the Daily rChronicle, the Wayne State South End, the umversity of Wisconsin (Milwaukee) UWM Post.The Chicago Literary Review2 The Chicago Literary Review December, 1968 ITrue Love Is DisasterThe Beastly Beatitudes of Balthazar B.,j p Donleavy, Delacorte Press, 403pp., $6.95.by RICHARD POLLACKMore. That’s all Sebastian Dangerfield,hero of J. P. Donleavy’s The Ginger Man,wanted. More sex, more money. When thisginger man wanted something, he got it-he never worked, of course, but why workwhen a good line and a fine appearanceget you just as much? Now Donleavy hasgiven us a new ginger man in The BeastlyBeatitudes of Balthazar B. The two arevery much alike, but shouldn’t be con¬fused. for Donleavy is doing something dif¬ferent in the two novels, and SebastianDangerfield and Beefy function differentlyin the two. Dangerfield thaws out hiswife's lodger, Miss Frost, with a routinethat is equal parts of nerve and wit. Heasserts his rights to another, less virtuous,lady by simply demanding that she recog¬nize his self-evident rights to her. Butwomen like Sebastian Dangerfield, for theysense his tenderness and real affection forthem. If he’s to have a good time in bed,that’s no reason for the woman not to havea bit of fun herself. Men like him becausehe knows what he wants—sex and thethings money buys—and the frustrationshe overcomes are ordinary social obsta-:les. not those petty, demeaning psychicfrustrations so well known. The world asit is was not made for the ginger man, butthen, he knows it should have been.Things not so bad. Wait and seewhat happens. Have to take thingsas they come. Good with the bad.Lot in those old sayings. How onecan lie in times of stress! My God,it’s absolutely awful. Be made forthe world. But the world was madefor me. How long before I arrivedand they spent so many years ingetting it ready. Something hasgotten mixed up about my assets.In short, the world has played a trick onSebastian. The rules of the game havebeen mistakenly formulated. It is the pre¬rogative. or perhaps the duty, of the gingermen. Sebastian and Beefy, to straightenout the world by living as though the mis-ake had not been made. Ginger men arenot often anxious about their part in life;the lines above expose the depths of Dan-gerfield’s conscience.The only trouble with being a gingerman is that this life of ease and charm,fine figure and good clothes, has to end infailure. The ginger man knows that gro¬cers will not give him chicken, ham, andHaig&Haig on eternal credit simply be¬cause he looks like a gentleman. Danger-field makes his way from bed to bed,woman to woman, but someday he willwake to realize that there are no more ofthese amiably animal arrangements to behad. Not for all his charm. Yet if the gin¬ger man is not consciously aware of thefailure he’s heading for, he is haunted bythe fact that it is going to come; if any¬thing, we’re more conscious of it than heis. All’s implied, nothing’s stated. The Gin¬ger Man ends with the ginger man in tri¬umph. Donleavy just never wrote the chap¬ter in which Dangerfield fails.Now, in The Beastly Beatitudes of Bal¬thazar B, Donleavy gives us a 1968 xeroxof the 1955 original ginger man. The newnovel is as funny as the old one. BalthazarB invites too many simple comparisonswith The Ginger Man, though, which areto its disadvantage and these similaritiesobscure the very real virtues of BalthazarB- We shouldn’t simply compare Beefywith Sebastian, though they are superfi¬cially similar characters and they live inthe same world, Dublin “where the lightshone down,’’ Trinity College Dublin, IrishIreland, and the halfway house of Anglo-Irish Ireland, fading into Belfast and Scot¬land and London.Balthazar B is a funny book, and itsmoral implications are understood only af¬ter reading all of it. You can think only af¬ter you stop laughing, for the moral of thebook is contained in the whole, not in anyone part. It is neither a lesson nor a lec ture.Balthazar B takes the hero of title fromhis birth in Paris through public school inEngland (where he entangles himself withBeefy), to Trinity College, Dublin, which isa complete failure, and marriage to amonster, and in a farewell to Beefy, backto Paris again, this time to stay—and buryhis mother.After Balthazar’s father dies, his mothertakes to collecting pretty young men todrive her car and perform other lighthousehold duties. Balthazar is left to hisUncle Edouard, whom he idolizes. UncleEdouard is a man of the world, whoseshoes do not shine too much, as vulgarmen’s shoes do; he is an explorer and alady’s man who collects mistresses namedFifi, whom he finds in strange quarters ofthe city. A balloonist. Uncle Edouard hasmade the first official illegal balloon flightover the sixteenth arrondissement fromnorth to south, “using natural ballast.” Hisnormal preparation for a balloon ascent isto eat continuously for three days beforetake-off. But public outrage over the “Af¬faire Balloon Merde,” has forced UncleEdouard to engage in “The EnemaAnglais.” Balthazar B, who loves this un¬cle, is taken from him and sent to a schoolin England. Improbably enough, BalthazarB meets another little boy named Baltha¬zar. known to all as Beefy. Their friend¬ship encompasses the novel.Beefy is sent down from school, theschoolmasters Crunch, Slouch and Newthaving found him guilty of writing “I amthe Magnificent Masturbator,” on all theempty blackboards. Beefy, even at thisyoung and tender age is interested in theonly thing that matters: sex. At school, ofcourse, sex means boys. The schoolmas¬ters’ confusion over this very natural mat¬ter is funnier than the subject itself: whatcan one expect from a teacher who is a“bicycle seatsniffer?”Balthazar and Beefy don’t meet againuntil they get to Trinity, by which timeboth have become preoccupied with ladiesof every sort except the priggish. Baltha¬zar has been seduced by his governess,Bella Hortense, at the age of twelve (andshe has his first child). Balthazar neverforgets Bella Hortense, and losing her isthe first of life’s little tragedies. His moth¬er discharges Miss Hortense, thinking thegoverness wants her son’s money. Bellasays, “Maybe it’s true. But I love youtoo.” More to the point, she says “Truelove is sure disaster.” Balthazar B, young,beautiful, wealthy, and personable, is des¬tined to be desired by a great number ofwomen, from nannies to young heiressesto servant girls. And he truly loves themall. Sure disaster someday for such a man.While Balthazar B is accumulating loveand disaster, Beefy is becoming the gingerman. At Trinity he is reading Divinity,hoping to attach himself to the Church ofIreland (shrinking from the harsh pros¬ pects of the Church of England), and livingon great expectations. Granny has to diesometime. Balthazar’s great fault, if it isa fault to avoid love if it can only causepain, is that he is passive. He is tantalizedfor months by the sight of inaccesible MissElizabeth Fitzdare sitting in the lab undermountains of woolens. Beefy, to the res¬cue, brings Balthazar to a party. Incitedto the properly lustful thoughts, all hedoes is let her seduce him. But only aftershe invites him to meet the family andproposes marriage to him. They’re in love.Everyone approves. But then Lizzy is trod¬den to death, jumping hurdles on a lamehorse. Balthazar learns only that thematch has been broken off. Always theman of contemplation, Balthazar goes offto Paris to sulk in his mother’s apartmenton Avenue Foch. It might be bad mannersto fly to The Manor, County Fermanaghto find out why the marriage is off.Balthazar B learns the truth, of course,but that’s later on. In the meanwhile, hehas a number of adventures with otherladies. Most escapades arranged by Beefy,to be sure. Balthazar has one great sceneto himself. After the party at which hemeets Fitzdare, he gets drunk and wan¬ders off into the black night, hoping towalk from Donnybrook to College Square,Dublin. On the way home, he entangleshimself in a clothesline in a respectable,middle class garden. The lady of thehouse, to judge frorh her bra, which Bal¬thazar trails, is of formidable proportions.She summons the police for protection. Sheis threatened with rape, she tells her hus¬band, who rolls over and tells her to goback to sleep. But the police arrive, andshe tells the two men that the man trailingher bras and girdles in her garden is apart of the “horde (that) could be comingany time from the East. Islam (is) on themarch. Shock enough to know you’re inthe minority without them running loose inyour garden.” The police ask, “Where didyou last see culprit complained of de¬scribed as Mohammedan?” The Lady:“He was right over there with this longthing hanging from him.” Police: “I mustcaution you now madam, we’re threemembers of the Legion of Mary presenthere. Let that be understood. And I’ll haveto tell you to be careful in talk like that.”Lady: “Sure I’ll have you know then thatI’m a member of the Royal Dublin Society.Roses have been named after me. Onlylast year I exhibited myself.” Police: “Ahnow madam none of that. I must cautionyou again.” Balthazar B has just beenthinking, “Could easily be an indecentthought.” In fact it is essential that allreaders of this book have indecent minds,for this sort of humor abounds in the book,and how much greater is the fun when youanticipate some dullwit’s double take at anoverobvious double entendre.Visiting Lizzy’s family in Co. Ferman¬agh, Balthazar says yes to all questions: do you ride? do you hunt? do you shoot?And he is of course scared to death byhorses, hunting, and shooting. The stableman gives him an old mare, but once onher, Balthazar realizes she’s a female andthat there is a stallion over in the nearfield. He has visions of being trampled todeath as Dingle mounts Daisy. This doesn’thappen, of course, but Dingle does get anerection and Balthazar’s organ misbe¬haves. So he’s scared to stand up.There can easily be too much of this, I’msure you feel. Over-adolescent. But it isn’toverdone in the novel; it coincides withBalthazar’s growing passion for Fitzdare.And of course, I describe it in isolation. Inthe novel, it is circumscribed by Beefy’smagnificent machinations. Back in Dublin.Balthazar is visited by Beefy, who, feelinga bit randy, wants to go down to the quays,where he knows a young whore named Re¬becca, who has a friend for Balthazar, anddown at the quays no morality prevails.Beefy is waiting around to marry an heir¬ess, but there are certain animal desireshe nust satisfy, something other than thevision of piles of banknotes. Beefy’s mottois “Do the indecent thing, if you can,” andBalthazar goes along with it, for the mo¬ment. Even Beefy finds it a bit hard tomaintain a continuous animal delight inthese things. But he works hard to keep upthe spirits. And it helps if one makes agame of it all:Good God Rebecca your toenailsneed cutting Rebecca ... I’ll re¬port you to the Society of Chiro¬podists . .. But we’re losing thesense of rape here. Cringe back alittle here, my dear. If the Provostcould only see keeping up the finetraditions of the College. Numiniet patriae asto. And now. Forrape.Rebecca, you’re ruining thisdeadly serious act. I am about torape you. This won’t do.But, of course, the Provost, or his min¬ion, sees them; and Beefy and Balthazarare sent down from Trinity.Throughout his episodes Beefy has beenin touch with Balthazar by means of let¬ters. These too are comic performances,part of a game of pretending he is not asunhappy as he is. Balthazar, meanwhile,has been going through his own sorrows.While furnishing a new house in Londonfor himself and Fitzdare, the engagementis broken off and there he learns of herdeath. Hoping to cheer himself up, hereads the obituaries. Now there is no wayfor him to go but up, we think. There isno worse despair, at least there is nonefor someone like Balthazar. Beefy’s Infan¬ta has a friend named Millicent. Baltha¬zar shows some interest, and the two gooff to a hotel along the river. Marriagefollows.They have a son. They fight. Millicentleaves, taking the child with her, and leav¬ing Balthazar with the French maid. Bal¬thazar and the girl are soon in bed togeth¬er, but just as he murmured “Fitzdare”in his sleep when he was with Millicent, sohe now remembers Bella Hortense; he bab¬bles of cottages by the sea (where Bellasaid she would retire). This confuses themaid a bit. But soon Balthazar gets a tele¬gram from Beefy and one from his moth¬er’s doctor As he goes to the train stationto pick up Beefy, Alphonsine steals away.Balthazar B just cannot keep anything; hehas accumulated sadness from every per¬sonal relationship he’s ever had. He’sthrough.Beefy, of course, is once again indesperate straits. Balthazar says “Youmustn’t give up, Beefy,” and offers a littlehelp to his friend. The whole progress ofthe novel, though, has made it perfectlyclear that Beefy is going to keep onplaying the game.I would be derelict if I did not warn youthat the prose in this novel is itself delight¬ful, quite apart from the smut. Balthazarand Fitzdare converse:Continued on Page 8December, 1968 The Chicago Literary Review * 38691 ,!odrn9>9G W9ivsJl yi6'i9,‘-I ogfisi/O j»HT £•-~>VCase HistoriesIn Law and RealityEquality By Statute by Morroe Berger.Doubleclay & Co., Inc. 274 pp., $1.45.Our Children Burden: Studies of Dese¬gregation in Nine American Communi¬ties, ed. with Introduction by RaymondW. Mack. Random House,473 pp, $8.95.City With A Chance: A Case History ofCivil Rights Revolution, by Frank A.Ankofer. Bauce Publishing Co., 146 pp.$4.50.Beyond Civil Rights: A New Day ofEquality, by Hubert H. Humphrey. Ran¬dom House, 193 pp. $5.00.by TERRY FARRELLIt is now a truism that the problemsconcerning race will be the most difficultproblems that this nation will have to facein the near future, if it is to survive as aunified society. We must seek solutions.This is especially hard in this year of1968 when the most vocal segments of theblack community are saying that the tradi¬tional solutions of integration and compro¬mise are no longer possible, or even desir¬able. The possibilities open to America aremany. The history of racial intolerance,segregation, subjugation, and violence hasbeen imprinted on many minds both blackand white. Recent indications that theVietnam war may at last be ending giveshope that the resources for this fantastictask may soon be at hand, although it isnot likely. And yet if we bumble forwardwith no clear goal in mind, with onlymoral pieties instead of concrete proposals,if we look only to the past and allow ourhistory of racial strife to dictate the termsof the future, then America will never liveout its Dream but only fulfill a Nightmare.As de Tocqueville pointed out over a cen¬tury ago, as if in anticipation of today’ssituation:The sufferings that are enduredpatiently, as being inevitable, be¬come intolerable the momentthat it appears that there mightbe an escape.That time has come. Modest gains havewhetted the black man’s appetite. He’snow saying that unless he gets his justdessert, ain’t nobody gonna eat.There is in most of us a general senseof the despicable history that has causedthis attitude. We also have a knowledge ofsome of the legal cracks that have beenforced into the facade of racism. Everyonemore or less knows the pertinent history ofthe civil rights movement. Morroe Berger,in his revised edition of a book first pub¬lished in 1952, rehashes this area.Berger begins with the post-Civil Warperiod and traces what various parts ofthe federal and state governments havedone to retard or advance the Negroes’struggle for equality up until the presentday. In the historical exposition, the bookreally provides no new insight or informa¬tion, nor is it very useful as an introduc¬tory text. There is such a large historicalarea covered, with so many specific refer¬ences, that at times the book reads like anannotated list.After the Civil War the Supreme Court,in a trend of decisions culminating in the18% Plessy v. Fergusson case, in¬terpreted the Fourteenth Amendment insuch a way that it insured the Negro’ssecond class citizenship. In that landmarkdecision the Court ruled that “separate”facilities were constitutional as long asthey were “equal.” This segregationist at¬titude continued to prevail until the mid-’30’s when the Supreme Court began tochange its viewpoint. After 1937 and evenbefore the historic Brown decision of1954, the Court sought to stop discrimi¬natory practices in voting, administrationof justice, public accomodations and otherareas. In the Brown v. Topeka decision theCourt overruled the Plessy decisionfinding that “separate” facilities were “in¬herently unequal.”Thus, until Congress passed a mild civil rights act in 1957, “the SupremeCourt has had to assume the burden. . .of revealing the unfairness of our institu¬tions,” except for several Executive or¬ders. Revealing is an important process insecuring civil rights, but revelation doesnot mean enforcement. This is a problemwhich Mr. Berger hints at in his historicalsurvey but does not analyze deeply enough.It is embodied in his question, “Can equal¬ity be achieved by statute?” However, inhis analysis of New York’s Anti-Discrimi¬nation Committee, he examines both itsstated purpose and its effectiveness. Hisconclusion on the psychological level isthat changes in the law, by allowing orforcing changes in peoples’ basic livingpatterns, provide for new experiences andthus are a realistic means of crumblingprejudicial bastions.An examination of what has transpiredsine tehe Brown decision is quite appal¬ling. Our Children’s Burden is primarilyimpressionistic examination of school de¬segregation efforts in nine communitiesscattered throughout the country. Each ofthe case studies, done mostly by social sci¬entists, includes a myriad of interviewsand statistical data of the areas, arrangedsuch that each tries to put peoples’ at¬titudes into an overall historical, political,and economic context.The general consensus of the reportsis that integration of all minority groupsinto the mainstream of American society,particularly into education, is taking placevery slowly. In fact, in the large cities,with white middle class flight to the sub¬urbs, there is a trend away from integra¬tion toward de facto segregation. Therehas been a concomitant decrease in thelevel of learning of the inner city schoolsas the better teachers leave, as the schoolsreceive the second-best educational mate¬rials, and as the remaining teachers haveless and less tirrie to deal individually withthe ever increasing number of childrenwho don’t have the middle-class back¬grounds toward which our schools are ori¬ented. The study of Chicago reveals it asone of the worst, and possibly the worst,school system in America.Most of the studies are outdated bytwo to three years. One, in fact, consistent¬ly examined statistics from 1961, and nonetake into account the new black militanceand demand for better black neighborhoodschools. The studies are good in portray¬ing the complexity of the problem, es¬pecially in regard to attitudes. The solu¬tion to the problem of school desegragation,or more generally, to the problem of allbad schools, is a complex one. It includessolutions to the problems of housing, ofbackgrounds, of administrators, of teach¬ers, of politics — together with an entirephalanx of other considerations. Our Chil¬dren’s Burden, though it only touches onthe other problems in most of the studies,points out what a big problem equal educa¬tion has been for the black man in whiteAmerica. This bcok would lift few, if any,eyebrows in most black communities,though it might open a few eyes in partsof some white communities.If eyes that are already shut can bebe opened by reading, then Frank A. Auk-ofer’s book is a good one to open someeyes to the way blacks are thinking aboutthese complex problems. Aukofer, a whitecivil rights reporter fort he MilwaukeeJournal has examined what went into themaking of the Milwaukee disturbance(riot?) of July 30, 1967, and what con¬structive innovations have since come outof it. This account, of course, deals heav¬ily with Father Groppi and his open housemovement. But more than a simple chron¬icle of events, Aukofer’s analysis and aptanalogies help bring “the white problem”of white racism home to the white man.Before July 30) many Milwaukeeansthought that they had “too good a city”for a riot, and yet not solely that event indicated that the contrary was true. Evenbefore the riot there were vain attempts bythe black community to convince theschool board to acknowledge and do some¬thing about de facto school segrega¬tion. The double standard thinking of theschool board was exposed by the UnitedStates Commission on Civil Rights in its1%7 report.In Milwaukee, when a school was over¬crowded or closed down, the children ofthat school were bussed to another. How¬ever, when black children were bussed topredominantly white schools, they werekept “intact” in several classrooms, segre¬gated from the white students. The schoolboard complained that the administrativeproblems of integrating them into the re¬ceiving schools were too great. But theU.S. Commission found that “. . the schoolsystem had bussed white children formany years,. . . almost invariably integra¬ting them into the receiving school.”Under pressure to integrate the black chil¬dren also, the school board simply stoppedall bussing.This type of distorted thinking wasprevalent in other areas also. When FatherGroppi and members of the NAACP youthcouncil began marching in mid-July of1967 in support of a strong open housingordinance for Milwaukee, the white ma¬jority focused their displeasure more onthe protestors than on what was being pro¬tested.Many were shocked by self-in¬duced images of being attacked byblack commandos. Some said Fa¬ther Groppi was another Hitler, or¬ganizing a group of ‘brown shirt’storm troopers. But it was the ma¬jority of whites — a few of whomsaid the priest and his commandosought to be jailed or shot — whowere more susceptible to a fascistway of thinking than the youthcouncil members, who mostlywere trying in their own way toget a piece of the democratic pie.Because of this type of attitude, pro¬gress has not come easily. As other citiesthroughout the country, Milwaukee has tak¬en some steps forward (e.g., by July of1%8, 16 of 18 suburbs in Milwaukee countyhave passed open housing laws). Mil¬waukee is still a city with a chance, as thetitle implies, because blacks there still seeThe Continuing Story of Balthazar BI’m not really a riding man. Per¬haps I should sit this one out. Hereon the wall.Daisy’s so mild she’ll pick you upwhen you fall off.Well that would be awfully nice.Of Daisy. But.This sort of trick is used over and over.And as Dangerfield in The Ginger Manwas always swearing by the Blessed Oli¬ver Plunket, so in this novel, Beefy andBalthazar get good mileage out of the line“For I know that my redeemer liveth”(Jobxix: 25). In the scene made by the major,for instance, Balthazar thinks: “What doesone do in all this distress. To keep one’sarse. Or police being called and pos¬sible arrest. Only one thing left to say. ‘ForI know that my redeemer liveth.’ ”The major replies: “That is all very welland proper sir. All of us here I’m sureknow that our redeemer liveth. But damnit all, that’s exactly why we won’t be side¬tracked.”Balthazar adds: “Could we not all singAbide with Me” vOr when he is accused of seducing Mil-icent:You didn’t. You didn’t ravishher. Is that what you’re saying.With my daughter up there in thesame bedroom, registered as Mrs. a peaceful escape from the sufferings thatthey have endured patiently. If this road tojustice is blocked, Tocqueville has impliedthe alternative.America has been moving toward jus¬tice slowly, almost inadvertently, as all 0fthese books have indicated. To achievejustice, we must know the past, but wemust also have a plan for the futureHubert Humphrey, in his warm, talkvpartly nostalgic book, reviews the fi^htfor civil rights, particularly his role in it,and delineates his proposals for the futureIn his book, Humphrey is trying tobe modest. It was written as if to a friendand thus will be read favorably only if oneis sympathetic to HHH. Historically it isnoteworthy for its inside analysis of poli¬tical happenings; for exartiple, the 1948Democratic platform fight over a civilrights plank. In this same vein Humphreyrecounts other political actions, includinghis part as floor leader for the 1964 CivilRights bill when it came to the SenateBut more important than recountinghis role in the civil rights movement, theHump lays down his personal views aboutwhat needs to happen if this country is torealize its moral commitment to all minor¬ity groups. He knows that extremism willget us nowhere.The point is not to be “militant” orradical, or liberal, or conservative,or “moderate,” but to be accurate.The accurate point is that our soci¬ety has built into it from the past astructure of racial inequality. Thesound objective is a rebuilt societyfrom which that inequality has beeneliminated. . . The destination is amulti-racial society of equals.A bit more specifically, Mr. Humphreysays that what we need is... a Marshall Plan for the cities. . . that will restore our devastatedAmerican cities. I have proposedthat the core of such a plan. . .would be a National Urban Devel¬opment Bank a public-privatefund to provide money for urbanneeds. ..In addition we need, in HHH’s opinion, anew welfare system, minority entrepreneur-ism, local control of local programs, minor¬ity economic power, and many other propo¬sals which have become almost cliche inso-called liberal circles. Cliche though theymight be, they are not yet banal, and needto be considered and reconsidered thor¬oughly — and enacted appropriately. Hav¬ing lost this election, Hubert Humphreymay never be President, yet the dream hehas is still a worthwhile one.Terry Farrell, a senior English major atCarleton College, is the ex-tri-chairmanof the black student organization on campus.Balthazar B. You haven’t ravishedher.I know that my redeemer liveth.After reading The Ginger Man, I foundmyself asking two questions: “How did theginger man get that way?” and “Whatis he going to do when he gets his?”, forhe surely is going to get it. In a roundaboutway, Balthazar B answers these ques¬tions. I suppose one must answer them, butI urge you to remember the place of theginger man in this novel. Beefy may be aduplicate of Dangerfield (though one trans¬ported into the never-never land of upper-class Anglo-Irish Society between the twoWorld Wars), but the new novel is onlypartly about the ginger man. And if youdon’t realize this, you can very easily con¬demn Balthazar B as an inferior Ginger-Man, when that is not what Donleavy setout to create. He should be applauded forhaving attempted and succeeded in writinga different kind of novel.The difference is illustrated by the placeof failure in the two novels. Donleavy leftDangerfield’s fall for the unspecified fu¬ture. And he did not tell us explicitly whatthat failure would be like. Balthazar Bdoes both things. Balthazar B is at the cen¬ter of the new novel, and he is aware. Thatis, in fact, his problem and Donleavy’s.The author uses a very conscious, morallyaware character to make us realize thatBeefy’s antics themselves were a perma-(Continued on Page 8)December, 1968The Chicago Literary Review*v*4V*4ir ■ i ) • 1 ■ >The Play, Les Dames, The Play AgainThe Gilded Stage, by Henry Knepler.William Morrow Company, Inc. 447 pp.$7.50.by MICHAEL I. MILLERThe Gilded Stage is an invaluable bookwith an exciting subject, but it will not beread. This isn’t entirely Mr. Knepler’sfault. Nineteenth century theatre doesn’texist for us; we think of the theatre asliterature, and Victorian theatre as melo¬drama. Maybe it is. But Mr. Knepler canat least show that it is possible to writeabout the theatre without literary dis¬tortion.The important fact about nineteenth cen¬tury theatre is that it was an actor's me¬dium. Better, the actor’s body was the me¬dium (high sexuality here, which explainsa lot, and gives Mr. Knepler some fun).Plays were merely the instruments, andthe r at actors played with them like vir-tuo:-’ s. Partly because play writing be¬came an almost forgotten art and partlybecause acting became a highly sophis¬ticated art. the star system developed asthe foundation of productions. It began todisintegrate only at the moment of itshighest development and still controlsplays like Mame. The difference betweenha Dame aux Camelias and Hello Dolly isnot great. But perhaps the stars of the lastcentury were great. Four of them — SarahBernhardt, Rachel Felix, Ristori, EleanoraDuse — achieved unprecedented inter¬national success and form a study in min¬iature of the art as it developed then.The center of this action was Paris, butfor each of the actresses the entire West¬ern world was open ground. This meantthat the largest part of their success hadto be won from an audience that did notspeak French or Italian. The major em¬phasis of acting, then, was what was donerather than what was said; the major ef¬fects were spectacular and the play itselfwas so unimportant that Bernhardt couldmake an impassioned speech on the stupid¬ity of the audience without anyone knowingor caring. She could bring down the houseby complaining about her hotel.In Paris, of course, things were not sofree, and the development begins therewith Rachel Felix. This is an especiallygood place for Mr. Knepler to begin, be¬cause Rachel provides the pattern for eachof the following actresses. It isn’t just amatter of international notoriety, sinceeach new success was based on a new in¬strument and a new exploitation of talent.For Rachel, the instrument was classicalFrench tragedy. Corneille and Racine hadbeen acted in highly stylized ways. Ges¬ticulating, florid women loudly declaimedor chanted the lines, almost like a series ofdisconnected, impersonated lyrics. A revo¬lution outside the Comedie involved thenew romantic methods of Hugo, demandeda new technique, and was gaining a newaudience. Rachel was not a revolutionary;she failed as a romantic actress. But byapplying the new technique to classicplays, she created a new importance forsomething frozen and dull.No single factor can account for her suc¬cess, but some had specifically theatricalimportance. Given these plays as the in¬strument, the audience wanted to bemoved profoundly, violently. Rachel madethis possible by expanding the elements ofsurprise and suspense. She was unfashion-ably thin and frail looking; she accen¬tuated these features to increase the powerof sudden outbursts. The audiences wereused to seeing grand movement and hear¬ing loud speeches. She hid her art, seemedto do almost nothing, barely spoke herlines. When the explosion came, they knewit was an explosion. At the end of onescene, G. H. Lewes found himself “quiver¬ing with excitement almost insupportable.’’But her technique became a routine intime. Surprise became familiar and ceasedto exist. To Ristori, Rachel 9eemed like a >iPj£Vsculpted goddess, while the theatre neededmovement and expression. Ristori herselfwas a large, voluptuous, passionate womanand brought these qualities to the stage.Her instrument was the more volatile stuffof Goldoni and Alfieri, though she includedsome of Rachel’s repertoire. Her techniquewas more expansive, yet not stylized as inthe older theatre of Mile. George. Further¬more, she played in Italian, and this alonerequired greater “expressive” movement.It required mime, and Ristori drew on herbackground in the commedia dell’arte.This, in effect, was an extension of Rach¬el’s “naturalistic” movement, but it hadits own limitations, and Sarah Bernhardt’ssuccess became possible because of them.Bernhardt combined the subtlety of Rachelwith the volatility of Ristori to producesomething entirely her own. It was partly anew instrument, the plays of Sardou,Dumas, Rostand; partly her beauty, whichwas greater than either Rachel’s or Ris-tori’s; and partly an emphasis on speechsimply as speech. She got her effectsthrough decoration: scenery, costume,verse, movement, all highly sophisticatedand consciously “beautiful.” Her uniquevocal quality added the last refinement toa highly refined art. And anything, anyplay or any role, could be used to reveal it.She was the greatest popular success ofthe four.Still, she was the least interesting as anactress, because she merely refined with¬ out advancing the art. While Bernhardt’smethod had overcome some limitations ofthe previous two, it had done so by ex¬posing a massive limitation at the base ofthem all. In a sense, Bernhardt was athrowback to the early technique of Mile.George, because they shared a similar,petrified refinement. They were utterly im¬probable. And the most highly sophis¬ticated elaboration of representational artbecame, in each case, the least capable ofrepresentation. This in itself was no prob¬lem so long as-the acting and not the playwas the center of attention. But when au¬diences once more began to take an inter¬est in plays, the performance as such hadto be submerged. The actor had to becomeleast visible as an artist.In this context, the last of Mr. Knepler’sactresses was the greatest and most revo¬lutionary. Eleanora Duse used some of thematerial of Bernhardt: La Dame aux Cam-lias, and so forth. She even subverted herown revolution with the plays ofD’Anunzio. But she added something newin Ibsen, Gorky, and Maeterlinck. Althoughher audiences never seemed to realize it,she was no longer the center of thetheatre. Or she was, but in a more subtleway. She never forgave them for contin¬uing to think of the play as merely an in¬strument. Her own conception was quitedifferent and brought about a radicalchange in technique. According to Mr.Knepler, it was “a unique method of acting that gave the impression of being unpre¬meditated and yet carefully thought out, jspontaneous and yet clearly a momentous,conscious achievement.” The conventionsof natural probability, later distorted asrealism, shifted attention away from howan act was performed to the action itself,to the play. She was Stanislavski’s favoriteactress.Knepler’s treatment of the movementfrom the Comedie Francaise to the Mos¬cow Art Theatre was coherent in its mainoutlines. It was essentially away from act¬ing as a personalized technique, towardacting as a method of interpretation.Throughout the century, the actor and theplay gradually exchanged their functions.And the history of that exchange is absorb¬ing, not only for what it reveals about act¬ing, but for what it suggests about Victo¬rian playwrights, audiences, and criticism.For example, it is hardly surprising in thiscontext that musical terms became prima¬ry metaphors in talk about the theatre.And almost anything that would fill thisout, add details, correct false impressionsis easily fascinating. But Mr. Knepler’sbook is rather tedious. It is boring. And I’mnot sure how to explain this.It’s certainly not a matter of knowledge.Mr. Knepler’s erudition is truly awe-in¬spiring, and he has collected a great dealof information here that is hard to findanywhere. The book is worth its price, iffor no other reason than that. But that, Ithink, is the problem. “The image of theage,” he says, “emerges with special clar¬ity when its reflection is cast by four parti¬cular actresses.” And later, “They are in¬teresting beyond the usual sequence of bio¬graphical progression. . . . Their lives areexpressions, often heightened and clarified,of their time.” This is a dangerous way, itseems to me, to approach either the “im¬age of the age” or the lives of the ac¬tresses. I’m not sure what Mr. Kneplermeans by the first of his terms, but I’mnot encouraged to find out that he tells meVictorian “concern about morality . . .meant sexual morality only,” or later that“the whole age was absorbed in romanticstories about fallen women and tubercu¬losis.” Of course he is joking, I think.But there is a potential circularity in thisthesis which Mr. Knepler avoids by writinga book without a thesis. It isn’t that he hasnothing to say. He says too much. And heends by juggling three different kinds ofhistory without combining them in somecoherent view. His social-political-culturalhistory is merely inserted, though by pagesat a time. Often he can connect it with hisother subjects but, especially in the firstfew chapters, he does not. His biographiesare occasionally interesting, but they havea tendency to weasel off into gossip andare continually trapped by everything else.The historical development of acting as acraft is the most interesting part of thistriad and, when he sticks to it, Mr. Kneplerwrites a fascinating book. His second chap¬ter, on Rachel, is especially rich and sug¬gestive in this respect, though he is not asympathetic guide to Corneille.His subjects are not badly chosen or bor¬ing in themselves. It’s not a matter of ourwanting a different book. But we have aright to expect the things in this book to beconnected. Mr. Knepler’s treatment is sodiffuse that it is hard to see why he didn’tjust write three different books. Havingfailed that, we can still be glad he wrotethis one. The sheer weight of informationwill make it a constant center of reference.Mr. Miller is the well-known Chicago dil-letante.December, 1968 The Chicago Literary Review• • •How To Stop WorryingThe Beatles: The Authorized Biography,by Hunter Davies. McGraw-Hill, NewYork, St. Louis, San Francisco, $6 95.by JOHN GRAYWhen it all started, you were probablywhistling “Little Deuce Coupe” or hum¬ming “Sally Go Round the Roses” to your¬self. Now you’re hip to the tonal peculia¬rities of the sitar and you find that thecontrapuntal structure of hit singles is anaccepted topic for discussion.The Beatles did it.The Beatles looked down from theirmountain of bread and said it reallydoesn’t matter if I’m wrong I’m right;and they were; and they changed thewhole course of popular music and com¬pletely altered the state of the young mid¬dle-class subculture with a nod of theircollectively self-amused head.Now, the subculture can be pretty pos¬sessive about its own, so when it dis¬covered that my aunt in Tulsa knew WhereIt Is At with the Beatles, it set about todiscover Where It Is Really At with theBeatles and came up with their own folk¬lore. While my aunt knows that they’repoor boys from Liverpool who made good,my friends know that John has broken upwith Cynthia and that Cynthia was preg¬nant when they got married and some ofthem even know what “finger pie” reallymeans.The stage is set.Enter, if you will, the young sophis¬ticated journalist, novelist and playwright,Hunter Davies, who knows a chance tomake a young sophisticated buck when hesees it.Davies spent 16 months touring with andinterviewing the Beatles and amassed ahuge collection of quotes and notes fromand about everyone from their wives totheir high-school chums. He happily re¬frained from consulting bound volumes of16 Magazine and other such incunabula(unlike Julius Fast, the author of the regr¬ettable The Beatles: The Real Story) andstuck closely to the primary sources them¬selves.He has put it all together.Unfortunately, he seems to have deludedhimself (or perhaps his publisher has de¬luded him) into thinking that his work isanything very much more than a docu¬ment, a reference work, a secondarysource of primary importance. Davies, orhis publisher, or someone, thinks that thisis A Commentary, a work of Real SocialImportance.Well, it ain’t.In and of itself, this misperception maynot seem such a grave error on anyone’spart. The book, is, after all, very welldone and only lacking in a few respects.But this assumption that it is somethinglike a novel, to be read and put aside orloaned to a friend rather than somethinglike an encyclopedia to be skimmed andconsulted and added to your library hasled the powers that be to leave out theindex. as impossible to put to good use as thecommon, everyday unindexed Bible. Haveyou ever tried to find Noah or Sodom andGomorrah in a Bible without having some¬one tell you where it is? Sure, you haveat least a general idea — somewhere inthe Old Testament, right?Granted, it’s fun to read—I may evenread the Bible someday—but we of theyoung middle class subculture have heardalmost all of it before and if you don’twant to hear about how John used to raisehell in high school but want to find outwhich of their early cuts had a sessionman subbing for Ringo, you’re out of luck.You’ve got to read the whole thing.There are, of course, a wide variety ofyoung middle class subcultures (who are,were and, perhaps, always will be thescions of popular music almost by defini¬tion) trying to put out a music that willcompete with the Beatles. There’s the acid-rock - psychedelic - San - Francisco -mind-expanding bunch of apostles of thedoctrine of love and/or anarchy. Thesegroups have their moments (White Rab¬bit”) but generally have been conspicuousonly by falling all over themselves andlosing themselves in tangles of reverb andsixteen-track tape.And, of course, there’s the Boston-Cam-bridge-intellectual sub-subculture that con¬fines its ventures into rock to such groupsas the Lovin’ Spoonful and the Young¬bloods. And the sub-sub SDS culture ofCountry Joe and the Fish and the UnitedStates of America.These approaches, and the less readilylabelable approaches of groups like theRolling Stones or the Beach Boys, deservesome comment that is apparently outsidethe scope of Davies’ self-imposed limits.These groups all get to the young middleclass in some way; they’re all able to puttheir fingers on part of the pulse, to strikesome kind of responsive note.But somehow the Beatles are above itall. Somehow they’re the epitome of youngmiddle class white culture, emotion andphilosophy. And somehow they’ve made it.They have no fears. They can call it all agame because they don’t have to play. Andthey can afford to think that success isunimportant because they have it andthink that anyone can do it.Davies shows some of it in the book. Theslightly dragging first section traces therise of the four and their friends fromearly childhood. They were poor, in alower middle class way, and they hadtheir troubles. Then, oops, they were rich,famous, etc. They were, it seems, happierthan they were astonished. John had alwayswantd to be a millionaire, no less.But their music shows it better than thebook. In the beginning there was nothingbut rock—the Beatles were a pale imita¬tion of the soul of the time, and a betterimitation of the C & W of the time. Theywere good. Yeah Yeah Yeah. Not“Yeeeeeeeaaaaahhhhh,” like Smokey Rob¬inson can sing it, but just “yeah,” clearand strong but a little emasculated. Andthe lyrics were young middle class par ex¬cellence. “I don’t wanna kiss or hold yourhand, if it’s funny try and understand,there is really nothing else I’d rather do,’cause I’m happy just to dance with you.”Sigh.Predictably, perhaps, the Beatles turnedfrom the schlock lyrics and ideas thatdominated their early songs and started toturn a little more into themselves. Theystarted expressing their emotion more hon¬estly and began to move from personalcomments to societal laments (“I Want toHold Your Hand” to “Nowhere Man” to“Eleanor Rigby”). And a quick listen tosome pirated tapes of their new album(that will be released by the time you’rereading this) seems to have them movingback into the entertainment field on amore sophisticated level—into parody andplay rather than involvement and com¬mentary.Somehow, Davies loses sight of why allthis happened, or perhaps he chooses notT nay to try to decide. His interpretations aremainly on the personal level (Paul didn tlike Stu Sutcliffe because they were bothcompeting for John’s attention and thelike), and he avoids, here and elsewhere,making the kind of judgment that wouldcontribute a lot to The Beatles—as—novel.The book is a chronicle, a telling of talesand events, an attempt to clarify a periodof time, not the passing of an era. Daviesdoes his self-appointed job well with onlytwo notable exceptions—practically nolight is cast on the background of thedeath of Brian Epstein or the replacementof Pete Best with Ringo.But in a way, these complaints are mi¬nor: Davies leaves out almost nothing thatwas already known and does add a bit ofnew information to the mountain. It’s ashame that Davies couldn’t have at¬tempted a wider work or at least indexedthis one, but for what it is, it’s prettydamn nice.John Gray is a third year student major¬ing in English and Philosophy at the Uni¬versity of Michigan. He writes a semi¬regular column on rock for the MichiganDaily under the name of Little Suzy Funnand tries to play croquet in apartmentbuildings.Yellow Submarine: a cartoon animatedby Heinz Edelmann, songs by theBeatles, Distributed by King FeaturesSyndicate.by NANCY ERLICHThe good-humor and good cheer move¬ment in popular music, initiated by theEnglish groups and picked up by theAmerican ones six years ago, is prettydead. Since San Francisco took over thelead in musical trend-setting and startedmaking pop into serious music, it’s beenrare to find a streak of optimism in rock’n’ roll. So it’s particularly good to see thata recent landmark in pop music, the Beat¬les, cartoon movie Yellow Submarine, is alighthearted fantasy that comes out strong¬ly on the side of optimism. Not about warsor drugs, the film provides a welcome bitof relaxation and a momentary illusionthat everything really does work out in theend.I refer to Yellow Submarine as the Beat¬les’ movie because the heroes of the filmare the Beatles in cartoon form. Actually,the group had very little to do with makingit. The cartoons were designed by HeinzEdelmann, a German illustrator with alimitless imagination, and the script is thework of a team of writers. All is under theauspices of King Features Syndicate,which has exclusive rights to put cartoonillustrations to Beatle music. King Fea¬tures was responsible for that imbecilicBeatle cartoon show that used to be on TVon Saturday mornings, in which the ani¬mated characters would run around thescreen for two and a half minutes at astretch having adventures that had nothingto do with the songs piped in the back¬ground. The Beatles were justifiably skep¬tical at the prospect of King Features com¬ing out with a full-length cartoon. But themore they saw of the plans for the movie,the more enthusiastic they became.The book has no index, and it’s almostThe Chicago Literary Review December, 1968 The whole concept behind this projectwas different. Rather than throwing musicand pictures together with no excuse for aconnection between them, the artistsworked at supporting and embellishing themusic with visual images. The Beatlesliked the idea, wrote some songs for thefilm, and gave general moral supportThey themselves appear for two minutesat the end of the movie, replacing theircartoon counterparts.The Beatles’ enthusiasm about YellowSubmarine suggests that they especiallylike its theme: good wins over evil astatement like that is already a major con¬cession coming from the Beatles, sinceJohn Lennon’s cynicism has always beenan important factor in the group’s makeupWhile an easy triumph for the forces ofgood would be corny in any other setting,in a cartoon and ersatz fairy-tale it is per-fectably acceptable.During the film, the Beatles travelthrough a series of seas, some symbolic,some punny, to arrive at Pepperland, theidyllic homeland of Sgt. Pepper’s LonelyHearts Club Band. They have been sum¬moned by a messenger in a yellow subma¬rine who enlists their help in driving outinvading enemies, the Blue Meanies. Thevillainous Meanies have paralyzed anddrained the color out of the Pepperlan-ders and, horrors, have forbidden the play¬ing of music. But when the Beatles arriveand size up the situation, they realize thatall you need is love and defeat the Meanieseasily.The heroes’ adventures en route and inPepperland come for the most part insong-length episodes set to Beatle music,in which the visual action is usually sug¬gested by the lyrics. A song like “Sgt. Pep¬per” conjures up a very specific visual im¬age, that of a band at a concert. Edel¬mann. the designer, took this suggestion atface value, to accompany the appearanceof Sgt. Pepper's band in Pepperland. It isto Edelmann's credit, however, that hedidn’t restrict himself to the images builtinto the Beatles’ lyrics for the rest of thesongs. “Eleanor Rigby,” illustrated liter¬ally, would have been a disaster. The nice¬ly understated verbal images of the lonelylady picking up rice in a church, or the oldman darning his socks, would have becomecamp at best if shown graphically. Instead,the artists have produced a series of al-most-photographic still pictures of lonelypeople and lonely situations, which retainthe spirit of the Beatles without literallytranscribing them. The same kind of thingis done for “Lucy in the Sky with Dia¬monds,” a song so crammed with visualimages that it nearly dictates how to illus¬trate it. But Edelmann realized that thevalue of the lyrics is their unexpectedness,and that the visuals should follow suit. Agreat deal would be lost if the audiencecould anticipate that cellophane flowerswould come onto the screen right after thekaleidoscope eyes. To solve the problem,the illustrations are just as violently color¬ed and quickly changing as the Beatles’verbal pictures, but of different subjects.It’s still the same song, only with twice asmuch feeling.In the “Nowhere Man” sequence, how¬ever, the script-writers distort the meaningof the lyrics and the song never had it sogood. Standing on its own, it is a moral¬istic, humorless sermon against apathy.But in Yellow Submarine, it is changedfrom bad preaching to good fairy-tale ma¬terial through a scrupulously literal treat¬ment. To depict a nowhere man sitting in anowhere land, there is almost nothing: ablank white screen with the improbable-looking nowhere man in the middle. Hesits, typing, painting, composing, and pro¬ducing nothing. The Beatles walk into thenowhere scene on slightly different levelsbecause there is no floor. Transformed bythis straight-faced literalism, the songstops being pompous and becomes gentlysilly and a lot of fun.Of the twelve songs in the movie, fourare new and were written for it by theBeatles. Three of these are very good• •Only “Hey Bulldog,” John’s contribution,is weak. It suffers from being mostly ag¬gressive and not very cohesive or cohe¬rent. Other songs are: “All Too Much,”“All Together Now,” and George’s “North¬ern Song.” This last is impressive, possiblythe best thing George has written. I noticewith pleasure that it is much less Indian intone than any of his songs since Revolver.He is. perhaps, coming out of his obsessionwith Eastern music. The catchiest one ofthe four is Paul’s “All Together Now,”which, like the movie itself, is cheery,simple in structure, but full of surprises.There is one basic problem with Beatlemovies, or with any films based on songs:how to fit the songs and the film togetherto avoid inappropriately sandwiching in themusic. The quickest way out was used in AHard Day’s Night and Help!, both of whichpresented singing as an indispensible partof their lives. Even so, the scripts werealmost completely independent of thesongs, and all the film treatment added tothe songs was the singers singing them.In Magical Mystery Tour the Beatles il¬lustrated some of their compositions, mak¬ing sounds and visuals complementaryparts of a whole. How far they succeededis still being hotly argued. Their main de¬vice was to make some of their verbal im¬ages concrete: a walrus, some eggmen,and a man being wise on top of a hill. Butsince the whole film was so fragmentedand abstract, the question of what thesongs were doing there was dominated bythe question of what the whole film wasdoing there.Yellow Submarine handles the problemas well as can be hoped for in a film thatisn’t totally abstract. The cartoon mediumallows music to come in from nowhere asfreely as it introduces weird monstersfrom nowhere. The songs come in almostnaturally because the film was inspired bythem. The plot, however, is almost unno¬ticed, but it serves as an excuse for somevery enjoyable artwork and dialogue to en¬hance the Beatles’ songs.The fact that the Beatles would givetheir wholehearted support to a project asoptimistic and whimsical as Yellow Sub¬marine is indicative of a trend in theirthinking that has been expressed in theirlatest records. After the introspective, in¬tellectual, complex music in Sgt. Pepperand Magical Mystery Tour, the Beatleshave returned to simplicity. In “Lady Ma¬donna,” “Revolution,” and most of thecuts from their new album, The Beatles,they revert to the big-beat, earthy rockthat was popular when they first appeared.Some fans have found “Hey Jude” particu¬larly appealing for its apparent simplicity.Current rock music, dominated by Hen¬drix, the Doors, Cream and their imitators,has been consistently morbid for monthsnow. It’s time there was a break, a mo¬ment for listeners to relax, and I think theBeatles recognize this need.They are stillthe most influential people in the pop mu¬sic business, so with luck, other groups willfollow their lead and lean toward musicthat’s a little more pleasurable, a little lessdepressing. Yellow Submarine is a step inthe right direction.Miss Erlich is a Fourth year student ma¬joring in Russian and French at Washing¬ton University.The Beatles, The Beatles, Capitol SWBO102, (two records), $11.95.by HYMIE FRIEDLANDERIt had been a long wait, almost too long.Not that I couldn’t exist just with Sgt. Pep¬per’s, but they were past due and HeyJude sounded so great. (Who cared what itmeant?—it was sung like a prayer and wasoffered like a temptation.) It was in theair—the new album was going to be some¬thing special; it would make me sail, letme soar. When the chance came to snatchup a review copy, I could hardly tear offthe cellophane.What’s this? Lovely pictures—there’sJohn in the nude answering the telephoneand Paul in the bath and Napoleon Ringo. ..wow! what excitement. Put on the record. . And Love The BeatlesSurprise.There’s nothing to sail to, no soaringallowed. I’m just left on the floor withthe earphones on my head, still aware thatit’s just a record. It’s over. What a let¬down. At first I’m sad but then, listeningagain, I find some good songs. Some? AllBeatles’ songs are supposed to be good.What’s wrong? The Beatles having to growon me. . .when it should be an instant high.Is the record good? Yes, but it’s also badand the badness nags like the fact thatyour girl is pregnant — you don’t want toface it but you know it’s true. Monotony,triviality and sheer lack of melodic orrhythmic invention make a number of thecuts boring. And many of the other songsseem superficial but, in fact, are not; theyare highly esoteric. Easy connection of thepassages within the songs seems almostimpossible to an outsider. Find a meaningfor the whole album? At first it seems use¬less—no theme but variety and variety nota theme, the Beatles themselves are atheme; their very presence holds the al¬bum together.On first hearing, one gets nothing but theidea of entertainment per se, Robert Her¬rick on the electric guitar. The songs seemto border on the banal but then defy ex¬plication. Happiness Is A Warm Gun unra¬vels streamy impressions about a man’sfeelings toward his wife and mistress; yetwhat does the line “Mother Superior jumpthe gun” (repeated four times) mean? Gunand trigger have come to mean penis andclitoris by the song's end; does this meanthat Mother Superior’s morals are failing?Does it mean she can’t get out of thehabit? And who is she?If there is no readily apparent theme tothe album, there is at least a pervasiveand ultimate pessimism running through itlike an unstated leitmotif; thus, Happinessends being sung in a style, not similar to,but exactly like that of those hardly re¬membered, simple-minded rock groupsthat dominated pop music in the late ‘50s;the Beatles are undercutting even them¬selves. when they sing, “Don’t you knowit’s gonna be alright” in Revolution 1 youknow they don’t believe that for a minutebecause the background is a quite audibleshoob-de-do-wah; similarly, in Revolution 9the Chicago demonstrators’ chant of “thewhole world is watching” is transformedinto the football cheer of “block that kick,block that kick”—apparently there is notmuch differentiation between the two forthe Beatles. Besides, as they admit, “Halfof what I say is meaningless.”The first record contains most of the bet¬ter songs Back In the U.S.S.R. (echoingthough not actually based upon the oldChuck Berry Back In the U.S.A.) quite ob¬viously mimics the Beach Boys and is anexcellent spoof of the CaliforniaGirls—Eden mystique; it also allows one toinfer clearly that it doesn’t matter muchwhere one is. Glass Onion puts together anumber of obscure images from earlierBeatles’ records and (indirectly) both asksthe listener to make sense of them andtells him he can't. Ob-La-Di, Ob-La-Datells the story of Molly and Desmond Jones“in the market place,” with Molly, at first,the one who “stays home and does her pretty face.” After a time, it’s Desmondwho does this while the children help Mollyin the market place.The Continuing Story of Bungalow Billpresents a hero who takes him mom alongin case of accidents when he goes out tokill; “the all American bullet-headed saxonmother’s son” he. Here, as elsewhere inthe album, simple forms are exploited un¬til they overflow with possible inter¬pretations; the way the chorus (“Hey Bun¬galow Bill/What did you kill/BungalowBill”) is done, with male and femalevoices singing heartily in discord, allowsthe imagination to go in several directions.Love or what passes for it are importantin the album. While My Guitar SoftlyWeeps bewails a world where everyone hasbeen “perverted”, “inverted”, madeunable to love. However, when the titleline is sung an electric guitar jangles, and,while weeping, George notices his floorneeds sweeping. Rocky Raccoon, which, ifnot a parody, is at least derivitive of Dy¬lan, tells the story of Rocky’s shoot-outover his lost girl Lil (who everyone knewas Nancy.) Rocky fares poorly:Now Rocky Racoon he fell back inhis room/Only to find Gideon’sbible/Gideon checked out and heleft it no doubt/To help with goodRocky’s revival.Don’t Pass Me By, which is maddeninglymonotonous, carries a plea for a lover’sattention on an ol’ country fiddle, a jew’sharp, and what sounds like an electric cal¬liope.One of the nicest and most melodic songsis I Will. (Logically, it follows Why Don’tWe Do It In The Road, a dull, two line,three minute hard blues number that isappalling to the ear.) The words aren’t ex¬ceptional, but the song is succinct and itsmovement graceful—qualities rare on analbum that often tends to be self-indulgent.This is followed by Julia, over-repetitive,but with beautiful lines:Julia, Julia, oceanchild, calls meSo I sing a song of love, JuliaJulia, seashell eyes, windy smile,calls me. . . .Blackbird is simply beautiful. It movessoftly with first-rate guitar and begs not tobe taken at face value; but its privatesymbol of broken wings arising (perhaps arather trite civil rights reference) is im¬penetrable.The raunch predominates—the stupid,stupid repetitive (though sometimescatchy) beat of the very early Beatles.Birthday (“You say that it’s your birth-day/Well It’s my birthday too—yeah.”) YerBlues, Everybody’s Got Something to HideExcept Me and My Monkey (a great title,but a song even more inane than the wit¬less Yer Blues—it is perhaps the worstsong the Beatles have ever written), SexySadie (about a sex-symbol who is going toget hers), and Helter-Skelter are all notvery comprehensible, not always inter¬esting, overlong songs with some smoothlyfreaky electronic and reverb sounds to em¬bellish and titillate. Low camp.Perry Como wins out on Cry Baby Cryand Good Night, Tiny Tim on Honey Pie.High camp. That the Beatles are into“camp” itself implies their pessimism; todeal in debased forms is to say, in effect,that it’s not worth dealing at all. There’snothing wrong with pessimism; EleanorRigby and A Day in the Life were hardlybubbling with optimism, but they were po¬etic, succinct, melodicly evocative and in¬teresting. I gathered some friends togetherto hear The Beatles for the first timeand, for the first time while listening to anew Beatles album, they started conversa¬tions, started reading magazines, even leftthe room.Yet, there are good songs on the secondrecord. Revolution 1 is a slowed down,rich-boy detached rendering of the firstversion released as a single. Savoy Truffle,while utterly inacessable, is well enoughwritten to make it fascinating; the slither¬ing rhythm, minor key melody and bizarreimages combine nicely. Revolution 9 isgood John Cage, if you like Cage. It rushesin on a stream of semi-consciousness flash¬back ridden with striptease music, drip-December, 1968 ping hollow sounds, returning repetition ofthe words “number nine”, circus noises,cross-town traffic, the above-mentionedchants and cheers, random words, sexyphrases, the music of angels and holymother church, blurps and blips. Allusive,imaginative nothing and/or everything.The albivn ends with the song GoodNight, a ’40s show-type. It doesn’t quitetranscend its datedness as did Your Moth¬er Should Know but I think that it, with afew other clues, may, perhaps, be able toindicate what the whole album is trying todo.First, the Beatles have always been com¬mercial and they certainly don’t needmore money now. Second, the album is nottheir answer to the Harvard Lampoon;they’re serious, just very private. Most ofthe first record and part of the seond aretop-notch Beatles. The lyrics and musicare often deceptively simple: the songs areparadoxical. For example, the official linein Revolution 1 is, “But when you talkabout destruction'Don’t you know thatyou can count me out.” Yet someone in thebackground distinctly says, “In.”Basically, and this is just a hard-thoughtguess, I think that they are retreatingfrom what seems to them an excessivelyugly world; in Piggies it is describedEverywhere there’s lots of piggiesLiving piggy lives/You can seethem out for dinner/With their pig¬gy wives/Clutching forks andknives to eat their bacon.And although it’s not in the liner notes,Paul sings, at the end of Cry Baby Cry,“Can you take me back where I camefrom/Brother can you take me back?”Where to, I couldn’t say. but it’s certainlynot the world of the album in which thereis not one viable human relationship, aworld of high and low camp, a painful andchangeable world of fashion and appear¬ance. And, as Freud noted, aside fromdeath (and the singer in Yer Blues says,“Yes I’m lonely wanna die”), sleep is themost general form of escape. And the finallines of the album (in Good Night—thesong itself being an escape to the past) areClose your eyes and I’ll close mineGood night Sleep tight/Now the sunturns out his light/Good night Sleeptight/Dream sweet dreams for meDream sweet dreams for you.Good night Good night EverybodyEverybody everywhere, Good night.This is a note hit upon earlier in the muchbetter song, I’m so tired.Perhaps, The Beatles has to be viewedin some respects as a bit of a ca¬nard—what, for God’s sake, are they doingat this point handing out fan pictures withtheir alburns?—and often as an artisticfailure. Perhaps. But it can also be lookedat as a new direction, either avoiding newtrends, and any exciting innovation or,somehow, toward stating things throughnomstatement, anti-statement, some com¬bination of ingredients. After initial dis¬appointment passes, the many excellentsongs return to the mind.Mr. Friedlander is a fourth year studentmajoring in Music at Boston University’he Chicago Literary ReviewTrue Love Is DisasterBalthazar B.Continued from Page 4nent disguise for a failure which deprivedhim of any real chance to be happy. Butif you pick up the novel for a few hour’slaughs, it is entirely possible that you willcome away from the book feeling slightlycheated. “Why is there no more of the gin¬ger man?” you may ask, and quite right¬ly, in a sense, for Beefy is a divertingcharacter. Donleavy had to write this nov¬el so that Beefy would not be a total dis¬traction: his readers have to be consciousrf Balthazar’s sadness.Balthazar is rich, young, beautiful, andhonest with himself. But honesty is a lia¬bility if you are easily hurt by the world,for you must then acknowledge yourwounds. The ginger men don’t have toacknowledge their injuries; that is howthey survive “down through the cen¬turies.” Balthazar is passive and vulnera¬ble, and he remembers all. First he re¬members being taken from UncleEdouard, the only real father he had.Then there was Bella Hortense, removedby his mother. Fitzdare, who breaks intohis bedroom, seduces him, proposes tohim, and who is the only girl he loves,manages to kill herself. He marries abitch named Millicent, who is rich, but themarriage was not for the money. It wasjust the proper thing to do. She leaveshim. He takes up with a servant girl whosetrue love is in Paris. She loves Balthazarfor a while, but in the end is true toJacques.Beefy’s troubles began when he was alittle boy. He was pushed out of his family,and has been feeling this loss ever since.At least, Balthazar credits Beefy with feel¬ing his situation; for Balthazar, one of thebasic human actions is feeling things. Heassumes that the little poem Beefy wrotewhen he was at school is still true: “Iwant/ A Mommie/and a Daddy/Please/Helpme/Somebody.”So Beefy dances away his disappoint¬ments. But pretending doesn’t change allthings. It’s all very clever to hide yoursock-less ankles from the club members,but there is just no way to pretend youstill have a girl who is in her grave. Bal¬thazar offers Beefy some money. ButBeefy doesn’t want to get along just witha little help from a friend. He doesn’t wantto ruin a friendship by imposing on Bal¬thazar. and leaves, saying. “The Almightyhas me by the balls now, but soon I will betickling his.” Not so, Beefy, though yousay so.Balthazar leaves London and Fitzdare’sgrave in Co. Fermanagh, to bury his moth¬er in Phris, thinking:Out of London and England.Across the grey channel. To burya mother. And chase others gonegoodbye in my years. Calling aftertheir names. Come back again.Where that countryside sings afterover your grasses matted by windin rains fall in sunshine. Don’t fearwhen some nights rise up wild. Gowalk in heather along a narrowpath. Seagulls glide and curlewscry. Reach and gather all thisworld. Before dark or any otherpeople should come. And find yousheltering. As all hearts are. Wor¬ried lonely. Your eyes quiet. Bythe waters cold. Where the sad¬ness lurks so deepIt dothMake youStill.Bella Hortense was right: “True love issure disaster.” And Balthazar has beencollecting true loves all his short life. Hehas the (mis?) fortune to learn all this ata young age in a world where everyoneelse tries to seem happy, at least. Beefiesdon’t give up, but Balthazar must. Don¬leavy achieves something very good anduncommon by making us realize this whilewe are so busy laughing.Mr. Pollack, who received a Master’sdegree in English in 1968, is currentlyseeking gainful employment. Antiquity For SomeAspects of Antiquity, M. I. Finley,Viking Press, 228 pp., $5.95.by STEVEN LEINERAncient history books usually tend to beeither popularizations which employ super¬ficial approaches and over-simplified in¬terpretations, leaving the reader no realidea of the problems the classical historianencounters, or texts which, in an effort tobe complete, include excessive detail andconsequently appear boring and unstimu¬lating to the general reader. M.I. Finley,in his most recent book, attempts to avoidboth tendencies; and he has succeeded inproducing an exceptionally interesting col¬lection of essays which appeals to nobody.The book proceeds topically, including sub¬jects such as early Crete and Etruria, Pin¬dar, Socrates, Diogenes, and Diocletian;therefore the person who has no idea ofwhat happened in Greece between 1100 and450 B.C. could not but feel helplessly lost.And yet the student exposed to ancienthistory in any detail would find the dis¬cussions too elementary. Perhaps the onlyaudience capable of appreciating the bookwould include those in a position similar tothe college sophomore who has just com¬pleted the ancient history section of hisgeneral education Western Civilizationcourse.Throughout the book, Finley tries toavoid traditional approaches to ancienthistory. Thus he devotes whole chapters tosome of more unmentioned aspects ofantiquity such as “Diogenes the Cynic”and “Tiridffilent Women of Rome.” His dis¬cussions of the familiar figures center onunfamiliar problems, such as the nature ofSocrates’s accusers or Plato’s ventures inpractical politics. This is fine as far aspractical problems are concerned; and thebook contains enlightening essays on therole of women and ancient slavery, sub¬jects which most popularizations wouldonly skim over. They are crucial to the understanding of ancient civilization, es¬pecially vis-a-vis the twentieth century,and can be appreciated by someone com¬pletely ignorant of Greek and Roman his¬tory. Although Finley’s choice of topicsmay be unorthodox, he certainly cannot beaccused of being obscure. He writes ofhistory, “The 'more we become aware ofits pastness, even of its near-inaccessibil¬ity, the more meaningful the dialoguebecomes. In the end, it can only be adialogue in the present, about thepresent.”However, as successful as the topicalapproach may be, it ironically precludesany wide appeal to the general readingpublic whom Finley intended to write forAlthough he may be able to devote morespace to Pindar and Diocletian than theyusually receive, the detailed treatment isuseless if the reader has no idea of wherethey stand in regard to developments be¬fore and after them. The chapter on Thu¬cydides is exceptionally poor in that itssummarizing offers nothing to the personwho has read The Peloponnesian War,while the person who has not learns asmuch about Thucydides as he would aboutan artist by reading criticisms withoutlooking at any paintings. Aspects of An¬tiquity presupposes some knowledge ofancient history but is aimed at a popularlevel; it is recommended only to thosewith sufficient background to understandand yet little enough background to appre¬ciate. It represents a second stage, thoughonly a second stage, in one’s education inancient history. This is unfortunate, formuch in the book is exceptionally worth¬while. And a proper audience, perhaps notas limited as would first seem, woulddefinitely find much stimulation and in¬spiration for further reading.Mr. Leiner is a fourth-year undergraduatein ancient history at the University ofChicago.Anguish While SeatedLonesome Cities, by Rod McKuen. Ran¬dom House, 111 pp., $3.95.by JOEL DANSKYThe random publications of the lyricistsof the present age seem to drop the bur¬den of wit, intelligence, and depth of feel¬ing upon their readers and critics. Thereis no reason why we should comply. Thecritic who invests any of Rod McKuen'slatest poems with meaning may just aswell write his own. The honest, straight¬forward, sole-searching, train-lurching,non-churching Mr. McKuen tells us:I’ve come to finda fathering of eagles.Not for the sake of minglingwith the great birds,but just to justifya thousand streets walked end to end.(“The Art of Catching Trains—2”)Refusing to settle for peanuts in thepark, and weary from walking them thou-and streets, Mr. McKuen finds that he cancharge $3.95 for the book he publisheswhen he gets home and thus become, asthe blurb blabs, “the best-selling poet inAmerica.” An added attraction is a photoby Frank Sinatra (really) of the wander¬ing poet in some sort of anguish that oc¬curred while seated.Mr. McKuen takes us travelling from“the clothesline maze/Of childhood” tothe “Lonesome Cities” of Paris, London,San Francisco, Venice, Tokyo, and others.Now San Francisco is a beautiful city,what with the bay and the Pacific and thefog and all that. In San Francisco, Mr.McKuen stayed in bed for three poems,made love a couple of times, ate break¬fast (or thought about it), didn’t make thebed, and got a telephone call. (Excuse me, “It's not the telephone at all/but celebra¬tions of a orand-new kind/ringing fromthe watching walls.”)However, before we can get to San Fran¬cisco, we must duck the laundry and learn“The Art of Catching Trains.” The art ofcatching trains, 1 suppose, is a profoundmetaphor for the art of poetry. Trains, yousee, have lines; poems have lines. Trainstake you to places you’ve never been be¬fore. Trains have beginnings and endings;poems have beginnings and endings (a lotlike life!). Trains are going out of style;poetry is going out of. style. And hobos,like poets, are wont to say, “Sometimes Ifeel I’ve always been/just passingthrough.” Our errant poet suffers the veryhistory of failure in Paris, Venice, andjondon. In Paris, this rebel artist gotcaught drawing on the table napkins; inVenice, nature-boy tried but failed to get asuntan; in London, Godot didn’t climb intohis open hotel-room window.The seltzer gets flatter with age. Chey¬enne and Los Angeles are distinguishedby “hello language” as in “Boat Ride”:You were wearing Texas on yourtonguedrawing hello and hello againand hello again.Mr. McKuen finally gets tired of trav¬elling in Gstaad and takes a house onManhattan Beach, where he writes a “Let¬ter to Ellen,” which, through some postalmiscalculation no doubt, ended up in thisvolume. The finale is a series of melan¬cholic songs in the folk-pop mode whichdon’t measure up to Guthrie, Dylan, Len¬non, et. al.The only serious questions which a re¬view of Lonesome Cities should consideris why such books cost so much and sell so well. Like Mr. McKuen. I should bebrief and honest: he cheats. Mr. McKuendrops words with high price tags, like“love,” “death,” and “God." assumingthat they will convey some profound, pre¬ternatural feeling by themselves, obviatingany thought or labor of his own. Mr. Mc¬Kuen sells well because it requires noeffort of thought or emotion to read amicomprehend him. He has reduced com¬plex emotions and techniques to slushy,vacuous, and marketable phrases. His passivity is indicative of his attitude towardpoetry: “Let it be It is a kind of some¬thing/we don't know much about,. ..”(“Paris One”). That’s a summary state¬ment about love, in case you hadn’t real¬ized it.Mr. McKuen, looking for the hippie vote,asserts the primacy of feeling overthought. Fine; but he lacks the capacityfor describing his feelings other than withsimple, bald statements. His pitch is thatof the inarticulate prophet who has seenand touched the great mysteries of theworld (this sells), one who can only alludeto the depths of his ejnotional experience.These allusions have no emotional correl¬atives in the poetry, and I suppose that iswhere they should have been. Advertisingand a gullible public allow him to be“perceptive” without any perceptions.Whether any of those profound emotionsever existed within Mr. McKuen is placedin question by the poet himself.I’ll never be so rich or, influentialto excite you with myself.(“Venice”)I am neither excited by his “self” norhis poetry. Nothing is revealed.Mr. Dansky, who graduated from Brandeisin 1967, is now pursuing a Ph.D. in Eng¬lish Literature at Tufts University.8 The Chicago Literary Review December, 1968The Realist: Personal Journal of Wrongeous Indignationfreethought criticism and satireNo. 39 35 CentsAn Impolite Interview With Joseph Hellerby TOM MILLERIf Paul Krassner went to bed with all 83issues of the Realist, would it be incest?No! It would be auto-sodomy, since theRealist is not part of Krassner’s family, itis Krassner.Now entering its tenth year of irregularand irreverent publication, the Realist is apersonal journal of absurd satire and evenmore ridiculous truths. It is one of themore flourishing personal journals on themarket, with a circulation of 100,000, hencebordering on the successful.Personal journals are limited in circula¬tion practically by definition. Quite simply,to read one on a regular basis you have tohave a high degree of empathy with theeditor. The more an editor’s personality isexposed, the fewer the number of readerswho go along with the journal’s com¬mentary. There are few such publicationson the market now and the ones out arehardly prosperous. The most conspicuousis I. F. Stone’s Weekly (now bi-weekly), ajournal of independent political analysisput out in Washington. There’s Abas, aquasi-Realist put out bi-regularly in New¬ark by Michael Buckley. On the westcoast, Robert and Thomas Dunker comeout with a classy rotgut annual of porno inHorseshit. The newest in the personal jour¬nal category is Andrew Kopkind’s (withJames Ridgeway and Robert Sherrill)Mayday, a sort of looseleaf New Republicspecializing in political muckraking. One ofthe longest standing publications satisfyingthe criteria of personal journalism wasHarry Golden’s Carolina Israelite, whichexpired after twenty-six years because itwas losing money.Omitted here are service or trade news¬letters such as the Kiplinger Letter or theJack Herling Letter. They cater to peoplein certain professions who can capitalizeon an editor’s knowledge about a certainfield, whereas the personal journal ignoresoccupation and hits the reader’s intellect.For a small group of people to raisemoney for even a shoddy magazine to bedistributed nationally is overwhelming.(Yes — Ed.) In the Carolina Israelite’s fi¬nal editorial, Golden explained that thecost of grinding out a newspaper on a per¬sonal basis is enormous. “A man can openup a Cadillac franchise for less moneythan newsprint and printing and laborcosts.”The Realist is not a Cadiilac franchise. Itis more of a fire hydrant agency. It is im¬possible to explain its editorial philosophysimply because part of its policy is to ad¬here to nothing. It is probably the onlypure publication marketed today. It ac¬cepts no ads. Krassner takes no salaryfrom it. He advertises, quite honestly, thatthe Realist is outrageous and offensive. Hislongest standing description is that it con¬tains “freethought criticism and satire.”Editorial integrity? He’s got it. “I was inbed with a girl once, and she asked me if Iwas going to publish her stuff, and I said no — and this was before, not after.” (is¬sue No. 41)Chutzpah? Quite obviously. Consider thefollowing from an early sixties is¬sue.The Realist started with $0 capital;it has managed to pay for itselffor two years now; it can do soin the future. Nevertheless, if youare a very rich person and five orten thousand dollars a year wouldbe but a drop in your fiscal bucket,you are hereby invited to financethe Realist — with one string at¬tached: you would have positivelyno say as to the magazine's con¬tents.In its pages the Realist has printed someof the finest leaders and anti-leaders of so¬cial and subcultural movements. The listincludes Lenny Bruce, Madalyn Murray,Henry Morgan, Steve Allen, Abbie Hoff¬man, Norman Mailer, Saul Heller, PhilOchs, Jules Feiffer, Jerry Rubin, JeanShepherd, Albert Ellis and Terry Southern. His two most prominent cartoonists, EdFisher and Guindon, can sell their workanywhere. It is their most outlandishwhich the Realist alone can print.One of the Realist’s policies is never todistinguish fact from satire; to let thereader establish his own credibility gap. Inkeeping with this, Krassner has delightful¬ly offended many by exposing their gulli¬bility. His two most successful attempts atthis were printing an obituary of LennyBruce before he died, and his outrageous“Manchester caper.” In the latter, Krass¬ner printed the parts-that-were-left-out-of-William Manchester’s The Death of a Pres¬ident. In it, Lyndon Johnson has inter¬course with the fatal wound in his pre¬decessor’s throat. Wrote Krassner:The most significant thing . . . wasthe variety of reactions to it —especially the credibility of the in¬credible by intelligent literatepeople . . .Scarcely anyone in Washington official¬dom dared to stammer in comment of the monstrous caper, so far below the bluster-point was the scandal it perpetrated. OnlyUPI’s Merriman Smith gave it the statusof public record when he called it “Oneof the filthiest printed attacks ever madeon a President of the United States!” Later,after discussing three possible interpreta¬tions relating to an actual incident, Kras¬sner said:I believe the third possibility.Therefore it’s true. The same prin¬ciple applies to the whole Manches¬ter caper. If you believed it, it wastrue. If you didn’t, it wasn’t ...The ultimate target of satireshould be its own audience.And so the satirized audience which hasbeen challenged by literary put-ons andpersonal hang-ups is impelled to see theRealist as a reflection of its own thoughts.What Krassner has accomplished then, isto extend his own personality through printand to the consciousness of his readerswho, like it or not, may have to face up togross similarities between that personalityand their own. Perhaps in this peculiarway he has managed to create thecountry's most open journal of personalthought. Although it may work the otherway. As he was quoted in the May issueof Avant-Garde,I really print things that provokeme or amuse me that I want toshare with other people. And thebasic audience, see, is me. That’sthe difference between myself andother publishers. Other publishersmight say, “Well, I like this idea,but I don’t know how they’re goingto feel about it,” they being thereaders. But I’m one of them.No one can duplicate the Realist becausethere is only one Krassner It is not “the(New Left) movement’s principle houseorgan,” as the remarkably ill-informedStewart Alsop proclaimed in Newsweek(although parts of that description havebeen attributed to the Realist). Nor is ita leftist sheet in the political sense of theword as others would call it. Krassnerexplains it by saying thepurpose of the Realist is to informand entertain — to challenge andto stimulate — to help fill the voidthat is sponsored so successfullyby the socio - cultural - politico -religio - economic Association forDynamic Status Quo. That purposeis accomplished, I like to think, inthe mere reading of the magazine.Realist material is often attacked forbad taste, but it all depends on who’stasting. And some things in the currentsocial order are so tragic yet so widelyand tacitly accepted that the only way toavoid being assimilated into them is todetach yourself and go beyond the pathosof a situation. This is exemplified in theManchester caper. Macabre humor is theresult, and the Realist has presented thefinest in this.Tom Miller is a student at George Wash¬ington University and immediate past pres¬ident of the Nathaniel Dight Society.Squawk?The Concrete Judasbird, F. X. Mathews.Houghton Mifflin Company, 276 pp.,$4.95.by BARBARA L. OSBORN“Love” is the message of the £ear, andthe medium is the novel as well as thepipe. In these first published reveries ofF. X. Mathews, Michael Cassidy bends theAmerican Romantic tradition and movesout in a fantastical succession of meta¬phorical, symbolic and emblematic tripsin search of the responsive bird. Like the“crazy,” “stripy cat,” whose futile attacksevoke nothirtg from the judasbird (a con¬crete birdbath’s decoration, silent in its be¬trayal), Michael wounds himself merci¬lessly in his attempts at authenticrelationships.Isolation replaces romantic alienation asthe thematic giant as Michael cops out ofhis world tenuously but adamantly struc¬tured by the Catholic community of his.guardians. Devoid of a special vision, either elevating or degrading, Michael isan anti-hero whose separation is merely asingling out from among the rest of theisolated cases. In attempting to invade theboundaries of others’ loneliness he embar¬rasses those who would give him pokes oftherapy from behind professional shields.Michael keeps escaping out of his innocu¬ous categories of confused lad, delinquentor thief.An Establishment beyond Michael’s com¬prehension, the will of God manifest in theRoman Catholic Church via his teachers,the nuns, brings Judgment daily in theform of gold paper stars. Guilt of inade¬quacy under the standard of perfection ex¬pected from a priest’s nephew leads himto proportionate sacrilege in the supplyingof his own gold stars bought with his aunt’sdime, stealing, in effect, the meritoriouslove he should have earned.Michael’s “bad trip” to Sagamore, Wis¬consin, in denial of spiritual and temporalprosecution, implies a philosophical com¬parison of the chaotic monkeys, releasedfrom their cages in his last act as Chris¬topher Marlowe, zookeeper, with men who dissipate their freedom in the lack of pur¬pose and also introduces a Christ-likefigure of Karel Sarsnusic, the monkeys’(his brothers) keeper who rescued themfrom their freedom and was crucified inprint by his unknown enemies, but did notreappear to his colleagues on the thirdday.Note:One may forgive the simplistic dialoguein considering it parallel to the uncom¬municative screech of the rhesuses.The multiplicity of the Roman Church’sinterdicts extend Michael’s guilt to hissexuality. Father Joseph, as a mysticalcombination of human fatherliness and ce¬libate priestliness, and Aunt Agnes, as awoman more sexless in womanhood thanthe spinsterhood from which she was nar¬rowly saved, leave Michael a distorted no¬tion of his own sexuality. The episodes ofhis impotence end only with his cancella¬tion of his awareness of his aunt and herwish for him to be a priest by making herconsummation bed his own.At the death of Father Joseph, thegathering around his corpse of priests which divide his property and his parishbut overlook the final ceremony of anoint¬ing, makes Michael’s final indictmentagainst the Church as spiritual harmoniz-er of human charity. Recognizing his re¬lease from illegitimate controls, from thecheck and balance measure of love,Michael begins the annihilation of his iso¬lation by setting out to give love gratisfrom one individual to another, froma man to a woman, without contract ormeasure.Judasbird asserts itself in the line ofAmerican literature as extreme stylism,the ultimate juxtaposition of realistic na¬turalism. It emerges, in fact, as an alle¬gory of communication through love ver¬sus isolation through bondage. The multi¬faceted complexities of theme justify thesymbolic contrivances when they are rec¬ognized as the very contemporary multi¬images of a mind-expansion experience.The still small voice of Barbara L. Osborn,a junior year English literature student,speaks out of Washington College, abastion of liberalism in the midst of theEastern Shore of Maryland.December, 1968 The Chicago Literary ReviewrttwPl'UVM'PThey Also Serve Who Sit and StudyBeneath the Wheel, Hermann Hesse,Farrar, Strause & Giroux, 187 pp., $4.95.by RONALD ROSENBLATTBy now it is no secret that a greatmany people have come to regard school(high-school, college, graduate school) asthe greatest single obstacle to educationin their lives. Prophets as different asPaul Goodman and Marshall McLuhanhave proclaimed it in their various ways,and for many young people dropping-outof school has become both a way of lifeand a moral duty (not to mention thesole way of preserving whatever sanitythey may have left after serving theirtime). It is no secret now, nor was it in1906, when Hermann Hesse wrote Beneaththe Wheel.This early work of Hesse is a bittercriticism of the tradition-bound Germaniceducational system, whose sole aim was tocrush originality wherever it reared itsdangerous head and to produce genera¬tions of meticulous and soul-less pedants.Beneath the Wheel has now been re¬issued in an excellent modern translation.Hesse has too long been relegated tothe position of an interesting, but minor,eccentric. It is no accident that youngpeople have been turning with enthusiasmto the series of new translations of Hesse’sworks that have been appearing in thiscountry in the past few years. His pub¬lishers call Hesse “ahead of his time,”which is true enough. Siddhartha, in itsaccount of the young Buddha’s renunci¬ ation of the world (and the difficulty ofdoing so), prefigured much of what is hap¬pening to the young in the West today.The Journey to the East is an intention¬ally ambiguous account of a secret society(which may or may not exist) that anti¬cipates the increasingly popular work ofthe great Jorge Luis Borges (who, histranslators say, also may or may notexist). And, of course, the Steppenwolf,perhaps Hesse’s best known work, deals with the isolation of the individual in alonely and predatory world, one of themajor themes of our century’s literature,and one which Hesse handles unusuallywell.Like Narcissus und Goldmund, whichhas also recently appeared in a newtranslation, Beneath the Wheel (UntermRad) is about a young and sensitive boydelivered up to the tender mercies of aGerman monastic boarding school. ButBeneath the Wheel is set in Hesse’s ownpre-World War I Germany, not in somedistant past, and it carefully traces out indetail the way the German educationalsystem slowly reduces the precociousHans Giebenrnth from a brilliant andeager student to a lonely and miserablewreck who commits suicide. The settingis traditional bourgeois Germany, but theapplication is only too universal, as anyAmerican university health clinic knows.Young Giebenrath is the only son of ahard-working German burgher in a smallvillage. Having shown signs of ability, hehas been coached by the local pastor forthe annual examination given at Stuttgartto select students for the academy wherethey may train to be ministers or civilservants, and so avoid a life of menial la¬bor or in some manual trade. Giebenrathis a docile boy and eager to learn. Hedrills and drills his Latin and Greek gram¬mar, and after much anxiety, takes the ex¬amination and passes. True, his eyes hurtand he suffers from head-aches constantly,and he misses the pleasures of fishing.Pushed on by the ambition of his father tohave a civil-servant in the family, he per¬mits himself to be cut off more and morefrom any real pleasure. Even after he haspassed the examination, he is laden withwork during the summer vacation to pre¬pare him for more work at the academy.At the academy he finally breaks downfrom over-work and loneliness, is senthome where he drifts around the town,with no childhood behind him and no futurehe can believe in, gnd shortly after hekills himself.Hesse’s tone throughout the novel iscooly ironic and false-naif. He achievesgreat ironic effect by describing the schooland its methods as if impressed with themand sympathetic to their values:Anyone with a touch of geniusseems to his teachers a freak fromthe very first. As far as teachersare concerned, they define younggeniuses as those who are bad, dis¬respectful, smoke at fourteen, fallin love at fifteen, can be found atsixteen hanging out in bars, readforbidden books, write scandalousessays, occasionally stare down ateacher in class, are marked in theattendance book as rebels, and arebudding candidates for room-arrest. A school-master will prefer to havea couple of dumb-heads in his classthan a single genius, and if you re¬gard it objectively, he is of courseright. His task is not to produce ex¬travagant intellects but good Latin¬ists, arithmeticians, and sober de¬cent folk.At one point, one of Giebenrath’s teachersasks him “to be honest” and confess if heis guilty of doing “outside reading.” Hessedescribes vividly the real joys of readingHomer and Xenophon and the HebrewBible, but at the same time •seems to bewondering if these really constitute thebest thing for a fourteen year-old boy,full of energy and curiosity, to be doingto the exclusion of all else.The theme of sexual repression and theviolence to the soul done by the traditionalbourgeois educational process is subtlydelineated by Hesse. It is a dramatic mo¬ment when Giebenrath first becomesaware that the school has made him un¬aware of any other value in life than beingfirst in his class. Locked up in the monas¬tic school, strictly forbidden any normalcontact with girls, the boys naturally de¬velop into affectionate couples, viewedwith tolerant good humor by the teachers,who are themselves victims of the sexualwarping they inflict on their students.It is his first real contact with a girl,the shoemaker’s lusty young relativeEmma, whom he meets and falls in lovewith after he has left school, that pre¬cipitates his break-down and final suicide.Totally unprepared for contact with theopposite sex, Giebenrath is overwhelmedby kissing the girl, then crushed when sheleaves the next day without a farewell. Theaffair has meant nothing to her, but itis the only real pleasure he has everknown, and unable to go on without it.he destroys himself after a drinking boutwith some young apprentices to whom hehas vainly turned for companionship.Hesse’s descriptions of the childhoodpleasures that Hans has briefly tasted andthen lost are wonderfully clear. Afterpassing his examination, Hans gets per¬mission to go fishing and his joy in it isbeautifully communicated to the readerHis heart trembled with delightand the eagerness of the hunt as hecarried his box full of grasshoppersthe new rod across the bridge andthrough the gardens in the back tothe “Horse Trough” the deepestpart of the river. There was a spotwhere, if you leaned against a wil¬low, you could fish more comfort¬ably and with fewer interruptionsthan anywhere else.But Hans’ pleasure is short-lived: he issoon roped into spending his summer-vacation reviewing mathematics andGreek grammar in the pastor’s mustystudy.The “wheel” of the title is, of course,the wheel of the system that crushes andgrinds Hans to death, robs him of hisyouth, and deprives him of his ability toenjoy life. Many modern readers will seein Beneath the Wheel something morethan a story of a boy’s troubles growingup in a Germany ridden with Junkersand civil-servants.Most people simply endure education,with little or no benefit. Some are luckyenough to find a teacher or two who fos¬ter, rather than limit, the growth of themind and soul. Some, like Hans, end upmad or dead, and there seem to be moreof them each year. Whatever Hesse’snovel is, it is not irrelevant to us, and,God knows, it is true to life.Mr. Rosenblatt, a graduate of hte Univer¬sity of Michigan, is presently a graduatestudent in English at the University ofWisconsin in Madison.4* \}7 have walkeda hundred highways,Cried to seethe things men do,-If you wonder who / am,I'm just a lonerpassing through"Here's the real Rod McKuen captured in words, music andphotos as he passes through all our lives. Helen Miljakovich'ssuperb photographs, never before published, of McKuen inconcert, at rehearsals, In recording sessions, and at homecounterpoint the words and musioof 22 McKuen songs never| ^ previously recorded.TOE WOIRI^ ©IF !R©P> MdCUIIEIMOther books by Rod McKuenStanyon Street listen to the Warand lonesome Cities Photographs by Helen Misakovich$4 95, now tit your bookstoreRANDOM HOUSE10 The Chicago Literary Review December, 1968' • * ' ' v Y'/y j ,v j|T^nA Cool And Haughty Solitudelyrical and Critical Essays, by AlbertCamus, edited with notes by PhilipThody- New York: Alfred Knopf, 1968.365 pp, $6.95.by DAVID LOYAnyone who has traveled alone in a for¬eign country has probably experienced apeculiar sensation of emptiness when con¬fronted with a strange city. Uncertain ofwhat to do, one clutches at familiar things,devouring newspapers from home, spend¬ing long hours at cafes reading books oth¬erwise ignored, meticulously planningone’s day to avoid that uneasiness whichrecurs when one has nothing to do. Usuallythe traveler is mildly irritated at himselffor his ingratitude at such an opportunityto broaden himself to fullest advantage,and, perhaps, a bit worried about his lackof independence. In any case, he meetsfriends or eventually leaves the town andis done with it.Campus experienced this same sense ofuneasiness, but instead of feeling guiltyand promptly forgetting about it, heanalyzed it. In two essays from his first coi¬tion L’Envers et L’Endroit (awkwardlytranslated as The Wrong Side and TheRight Side*, “Death in the Soul” and“Love of Life,” he describes his visits toPrague and Mallorca, explaining the originand value of this emptiness.. . .what gives value to travel isfear. It breaks down a kind of in¬ner structure we have. . Far fromour own people, our own language,stripped of all our props, deprivedof our masks (one doesn’t know thefare on the streetcars, or anythingelse), we are completely on thesurface of ourselves. But also, soul-sick, we restore to every being andevery object its miraculous value.It is this kind of lucidity which permeatesthis first collection of essays was writ¬ten when Campus was only twenty-two. We-are presented an image of Camus’ mother,an illiterate widowed cleaning woman whosilently submits to the domination of theproud grandmother. Other old people waitto die. Their lives as seen by Camus nolonger have meaning. It is our first contactwith the absurd—not the abstracted phy-chological process, but the personal ex¬perience which embodies it.The progression of the writing is down¬ward. The simple and winning clarity oflanguage becomes florid and rhetorical inNuptials, and in Summer the lucidity be¬comes more conventional, less striking inits insight. The writer has become an au¬thor, and we are distanced. It is a lossCamus himself realized and felt the ne¬cessity to deny. In a new preface to L’Envers et L’Endroit, he reacts to BriceParain’s claim that it contains his bestwork. No, Parain is wrong, because attwenty-two one cannot know how to write.But what Parain means, which Camusagrees with, is that “there is more love inthese awkward pages than in all those thathave followed.” Here “knowing how towrite” means literary style in the Frenchtradition. But when we see what this im¬plies, we might want to take issue with it.In The Rains of New York we read:Yes, I am out of my depth. I amlearning that there are cities, likecertain women, who annoy you,overwhelm you, and lay bare yoursoul, and whose scorching contact,scandalous and delightful at the We are left with an hypothesis of “retro¬gression” which we might try to applymore broadly. Superficially, it may workwith the novels. The Plague is too rigid,the plague something too distant from us.There is a certain coolness which is unin¬tentional and destructive of our in¬volvement in the novel. The painful deathof a child envelops us, except when it isone of thousands—witness Vietnam. Masstragedy is depersonalized. The Fail is ab¬stract, too philosophical, suffering fromthat lack of fusion with life of whichCamus rightly accused Sartre. The mostperfect, the most satisfying on all levels isL’Etranger, the first. As for Camus’ non¬fiction, many critics felt that The Myth ofSisyphus, with its doctrine of revolt,same time, clings to every pore ofyour body.He concludes:And then the very smell of NewYork rain tracks you down in theheart of the most harmonious andfamiliar towns, to remind you thatthere is at least one place of deliv¬erance in the world, where you, to¬gether with a whole people and foras long as you want, can finallylose yourself forever.Neither the thought nor its expressionwould have occurred in L’Envers etL’Endroit, and that is just as well. Youneed not even make allowances for thebias of my choice. The passages, alas, areindicative of the whole essay. The best lyr¬ical essays are the first. created an expectation which the moder¬ation of The Rebel did not fulfill. But ourtheory is neither verified nor falsifiedwhen we consider the critical essays. It isdifficult to apply at all.The earliest essays fit in easily enough.The unknown Camus reviews the unknownSartre (Nausea, The Wall) in the Alger Re¬publican, and evaluates them with an un¬derstanding that thirty years of literaryanalysis has not been able to improveupon. Sartre’s novels are criticized wherewe would, criticize them, and praisedwhere we would praise them. There is thefirst occurrence of the ever-central tenet ofCamus’ philosophy: “The realization thatlife is absurd cannot be an end, but only abeginning.”But when we move to later essays, such as the review of Brice Parain’s On a Phi¬losophy of Language, we realize how dif¬ferent from ours is Camus’ sensibility. Heis a thoroughly French philosopher, edu¬cated in a tradition which meditates on re¬morse and mauvais foi rather than analyz¬ing epistemological theories. To us, raisedin the Anglo-American analytical tradition,Parain and Camus are unintelligible intheir discussions of language, which is notto criticize or reject those discussions, butto note a vast difference of sensibility.Even if we criticize it (which in certaincontexts I would want to do), we must notethat it is this same sensibility which allowsCamus to write On the Future of Tragedydistinguishing tragedy and drama. The in¬tellectual context i s identical, and thesame kinds of distinctions are made, blithere they seem relevant to the subject-matter whereas before they did not. Thisbrilliant essay is essential to understandingCamus’ literary theory, if we wish to ab¬stract one. Also crucial is the preface toL’Etranger, which provides a necessaryorientation to what can be a confusing nov¬el. Meursault must be seen as a man whorefuses to lie anymore, that is, to play thesocial game of simplifying emotions.Whether or not the “retrogression” notionmakes sense when applied to the criticalessays, it is in the last section of the bookthat we learn by some biographical fac¬tors which might have been relevant.Camus on Himself is a collection of inter¬views and a few short letters throughwhich we more closely encounter Camusthe person. In a 1959 interview Camusnotes that the public aspect of his profes¬sion “is becoming unbearable” and in anopen Letter to P. B. answers a charge of“haughty solitude”:The truth is that I fight time andother people for each hour of mywork, usually without winning. . .1no longer have the time, or the in¬ner leisure, to write my books, andit takes me four years to writesomething which, if I were free,would have taken one or two. .Each letter brings three others,each person ten, each book a hun¬dred letters and twenty corre¬spondents, while life continues,there is work to do, people I loveand people who need me.This is the consequence of “having a repu¬tation before having written all my books.”Perhaps Camus suffered in less obviousform from the fate of too many prodigieswhom fame found too early.David Loy is a senior Philosophy major atCarleton College.New Paperbacksby JEANNE SAFERThe array of recently published paper¬backs is rather exotic at this year’s end,but many of the selections should be ex¬cellent procrastinating companions untilexam week, and later fine for sinking teethinto during vacation. There’s a touch ofcontinental fiction of various lengths andmerits, some hearty critical endeavors,two particularly visceral dramabooks, adab of ancient history and science, and abit of Orientalia and perversia.Virginia Woolf’s strange, elusive firstnovel The Voyage Out is now available as2 Harvest Book from Harcourt, Brace andWorld. While more accessible than her lat¬er work because it exhibits fewer stylisticeccentricities, it is oversubtie and over-long. And Penguin ha^ published Choderlosde Laclos’ Les Liasons Dangereuses, thatmost evil of French novels, in a curt andracy new translation by P.W.K. Stone.And would you believe an utterly charm¬ing story by the Marquis de Sade? It’s inThe Penguin Book of French Short Stories,edited by Edward Marielle, and concernsthe wooing of a delectable Lesbian by a,gasp, perfectly normal, but more than usu¬ally shrewd and patient, young man.Baubles by Colette, Maupassant, Voltaireand others comprise this unusual and ex¬ hilarating collection.Blood, gore and lust abound in the newPenguin edition Three Jacobean Tragedies,edited by Gamini Salgado—a hearty mor¬sel for cold winter nights. For those whoprefer classical obscenities there is TheComplete Plays of Aristophanes edited byMoses Hadas as part of the Bantam WorldDrama series. Did you know he wrote aplay called Thesmophoriazusae? Thetranslations are standard, and as muchbite as crudity has withstood time, so thisvolume makes fine entertainment.New Directions offers a bizarre antholo¬gy: Joseph and Potiphar’s Wife in WorldLiterature, An Anthology of the Story ofthe Chaste Youth and the Lustful Step¬mother edited with commentary by JohnYohannan. The parable appears in sundrycultures in numerous forms—ancient Baby¬lon, Greece, in three Moslem and twoBuddhist versions, and of course, inMann’s Joseph novels. (It turns out thatthis last borrows from most of the earliersources.) The tales are fascinating inthemselves, and well told—besides, thecommentary is provocative.Recently published paperback poetry isexceptional. October House has publishedFrom the Vietnamese Ten Centuries of Po¬etry translated and introduced by BurtonRaffel. This first substantial garnering from that country’s literature popularlyavailable presents much lovely lyricism invernacular translation. Ho Chi Minh’sverse is well-represented. The stuff is notspectacular until one thinks of Nixon as apoet. Penguin’s Poems of the Late T’angtranslated by A. C. Graham includes thework of many who speak to the modernsensibility. Geoffrey Bownas’ and AnthonyThwait’s The Penquin Book of JapaneseVerse consists primarily of short love-lyr¬ics—sensuous, sensitive, tender, delicate inthe best Japanese manner. A beautiful se¬lection.The chapter headings of The PenguinBook of Sick Verse edited by George Mac¬beth reveal its contents: Mental Break¬down, Visions of Doom, Corpse-Love, SickJokes, and so on. This anthology claims tochart the extreme situation, its effects,what those who have been there learned.Indeed, some of the stuff is morbid, butmuch of it is magnificent and intenselymoving. Then, George Steiner has editedThe Penguin Book of Modern VerseTranslation. An excellent idea it is topresent the great poets (Sappho, Li-Po,Rimbaud, Neruda among them) in modernrenderings by other great poets and andmen of letters (Yeats, Pound, Eliot, Lowelland others). This work is on the whole farsuperior to the standard editions.One of the richest little books of poetryto appear in much time is Penguin’sPoems from the Sanskrit, translated withan introduction by John Brough. All the poems are short, and most concern aspectsof love. The grace, the opulent sensuality,the truth of this almost unknown body ofwork is extraordinary. An example:“She neither turned away, nor yet be-gan/To speak harsh words, nor did shebar the door/But looked at him who washer love before/As if he were an ordina¬ry man.”A particularly delightful aspect of thiscatch is the witty and informative in¬troduction on the rigors of translatingSanskrit and poetry in general. Everythingabout this volume, including the cover, isperfect.And so to the more sober sciences. IsaacAsimov has written two volumes for Wash¬ington Square, The Intelligent Man’s Guideto the Physical Sciences and The In¬telligent Man’s Guide to the Biological Sci¬ences. Both have that author’s customaryvividness and clarity, plenty of photo¬graphs, and good solid material for thelayman. An unusual volume in the field ofpsychology is Psychological Thought fromPythagoras to Freud, an Informal In¬troduction by Gardner Murphy, a Harbi¬nger book. First given as a series of lec¬tures at the Menninger Clinic, this is anengaging and unorthodox work full of in¬sight and interest.And, if more intellectual pursuits havepalled, how about spending five hoursmaking borshth? Penguin’s HandbookRussian Cookery by Nina Petrova givesseven recipes for it.December. 1968 The Chicago Literary Review IIIndustrialization of 19fh CenturyNew Grub Street, George Gissing, edi¬ted with an introduction by BernardBergonzi. Penguin Books, 556 pp., $1.25.by LINDA KAYAccording to Dr. Johnson, on GrubStreet lived London’s hackwriters, “writ¬ers of small histories, dictionaries, andtemporary poems” (‘Dictionary’) InPope’s Dunciad Grub Street becomes syn¬onymous with poverty and starvation, asits name so well suggests. Then, in thenineteenth century, Grub Street was, withtypical zeal, renamed Milton Street.Nevertheless its mythic value remained,tobe reinvigorated by George Gissing’s no¬vel of 1891, New Grub Street.The plot of New Grub Street depends up¬on the contrasting careers of two liter¬ary men in a London where literature hasbecome a commodity. Jasper Milvain isone of the new, dashing-about young menof the literary world. His self-professedgoal fs Wealth and Reputation, not Art.And he will achieve them by ingratiat¬ing himself with the proper, helpful peopleand by writing anything that will sell tothe vulgar mob. He is agressive, ruthless,energetic, and imaginative as Madisonavenue is imaginative, but his purityof self-interest cannot be sullied with vil¬lainy, for he maintains a scrupulous hon¬esty. Unlike some, he is saved in our eyesby his refusal of hypocrisy about eitherhis goals or his methods: everyappearance, acquaintance, action is openlycalculated towards his advancement. Heremains a type of innocent. And he doessucceed: he wins a wealthy wife, repu¬tation, an important editorship, in all, “adreamy bliss.”Edwin Reardon provides the counter¬point. Reardon, though not a novelist bychoice (which somewhat undercuts thecontrast), has. nevertheless, written tworather better than average novels and re¬ceived for them a modicum of notice andpay. His ambition equals Milvain’s, but heis an “impractical idealist” who cannotbring himself to barter his art in the mar¬ ketplace. He marries a poor but educatedmiddle-class girl on the promise of his fu¬ture and then, unable to continue to pro¬duce at the necessary rate, dragsher down to prospects of poverty. The re¬sult? He loses self-respect, wife, art, andlife. The overt moral, pointed to on almostevery page, seems to be ‘avoid poverty,avoid poverty, avoid it at all costs.’ Pov¬erty degrades; it ruins tempers, stomachsand homes.Yet, despite an inauspicious plot and acrassly Victorian situation, the book doesinterest, if, that is, the reader persists atleast a hundred pages into the story. Themoral is not cut and dried, for none of themajor characters is completely admirable.The author succeeds in building aquite substantial ironic tension amongthem, until, at the end of thebook, the chapter heads reflect the ex¬tremely heavy irony in every scene.“Chapter 32, Reardon Becomes Practical”— by dying!Although Reardon is supposed to repre¬sent the “impractical idealist” who willnot prostitute his Art to the vulgar mob,he holds nevertheless the same social val¬ ues as his counterpart, Milvain. Povertydestroys and should be shunned; appear¬ances do matter; opinion and reputationamong the respectable do matter; there issomething queer about the Bohemian life;a successful artist announces himselfto society with the same material displayas a banker; clean sheets and well-soledshoes make a man a Man. Gissing neverlevels a really scathing attack at this sys¬tem, although he does mightily despairover its unfairness to the artist. If thenovel is meant to be primarily social crit¬icism, it must be found vapid indeed, forGissing offers no alternatives to thesystem that seems so unfair. But is itreally unfair? Does it not seem somehowjust, in the context of this book, that Mil¬vain triumphs and Reardon perishes? Inspite of the ironies, I cannot helpbut think that Gissing does approve thesystem. His railing resembles the railingof Job: Job blames God and His seeminginjustice, but he would not deny Him orchange Him. Nor does Gissing allow anover-simple moralization like “good ar¬tists fail, bad artists succeed,” for Rear¬don’s “goodness” remains, in my eyes at Literaturlleast, somewhat questionable: his secretdesire was always classical scholarship,not novel writing, though he did moderat¬ely well at that; he'd rather appreci¬ate art than produce it.Rather, the novel tends to suggest thatthere is something slightly fishy aboutthe pursuit of literature as career. It is asthough Gissing himself secretly believedthat writing was a fancy kind of sloth andthat it was a little sinful to earn one’sliving at something that could also be de¬scribed as play. The book, then, is anapology for the job of literature. Thewhole novel suffers a guilt complex.In order for literature to be accepted asWork, it must be made extremely difficultand painful: Reardon martyrs himself forit, he suffers in order to prove he is notloafing and he starves in order to provehow hard he works. Milvain approachesfrom the opposite direction. He makes lit¬erature into work by treating it like anyother work: he values it for what it maybring him in money or reputation, he findsno satisfaction in it for itself as art. Ex¬cept for two minor characters, no literaryman in the book really enjoys himself,and that strikes me as odd. All areslaves to either the vanity of literaryquarrels (which prove the seriousness ofthe project) or to the poverty and suffer¬ing wrought by a lack of worldly recogni¬tion.Supposedly, the novel is partially auto¬biographical. Gissing himself showed adistinct tendency towards a morbidity sim¬ilar to Reardon’s, Twice, because of hispoverty he explained, he martyred him¬self in unhappy marriages to uneducatedworking class girls. He refused any jobthat would allow him leisure in which towrite, but set himself staunchly to pro¬duce a novel a year in order to supporthis family. Gissing practiced the samemechanical mode of composition thatReardon bewails as necessary in the book:New Grub Street, it is said, was writtenat a rate of about 4000 words a day, thetask being finished in two months. At itscompletion, Gissing was somewhat sur¬prised to have done so well.Miss Kaye is a student at Antioch College.Your MameleShould KnowThe Joys Of Yiddish, Leo Rosten, Mc¬Graw-Hill , 533 pp., $10.00.by STUART SOSTRINOn a bus in Tel-Aviv, a motherwas talking animatedly, in Yiddish,to her little boy — who kept an¬swering her in Hebrew. And eachtime the mother said, “No, no, talkYiddish.”An impatient Israeli overhearingthis, exclaimed, “Lady why do youinsist the boy talk Yiddish insteadof Hebrew?”Replied the mother, “I don’twant him to forget he’s aJew.” — from The Joys of Yid¬dish.First, let me explain that I aman Orthodox Jew. I put in a yearat the Yeshiva. I keep a kosherhome. I have been a baal shofar(one who blows the ram’s horn onRosh Hashanah) since the age offourteen. I have been to Chassidicweddings and have drunk wineblest by the Samter Rebbe. But Idon’t speak Yiddish.The book is written by Leo Ros¬ten who wrote most of the HymanKaplan stories while a doctoralcandidate in the late thirties, buthasn’t turned out anything as goodsince. The book itself is exactlywhat you would expect it to be.Very good-natured, guaranteed notto offend anyone, suitable forgift-giving during National Broth¬erhood Week, Christmas, or even12 Chanukah if you have an ethnichang-up. Though not exactly anOxford Yiddish Dictionary, it is alegitimate lexicon of Yiddishwords, phrases, and expressionsthat have become part of Ameri¬can usage, or ought to.Joys is extremely well-written;Rosten’s credentials for ethnic hu¬mor have been established formore than thirty years. The authorcarefully explains each word, givesa little etymology, and illustrateseach with a story, ranging fromTalmudic parables to raunchy one-liners. Example:Yussele, Do you say yourprayers before each meal?No, Rabbi.What, you don’t pray be¬fore each meal?!I don’t have to. My wife’s agood cook.One more,“Tailor, it has already taken yousix weeks to make my trousers andstill they aren’t done. Why, it onlytook God six days to create the en¬tire world!!!”“Nu,” said the tailor, “Look atthe world, and look at thesepants.”The Joys of Yiddish has a myriad oflittle uses, and probably should be kept onthe bookshelf bztween Webster’s Third andthe Dictionary of American Slang. If youreally want to, you can now translate Bud¬dy Hackett and Sammy Davis into English,or better yet, Lenny Bruce into Anglo-Sax-December, 1968 on. If you are Gentile, Joys can increaseyour vocabulary tremendously. One goodYiddishism like nudzh or paskudnyak isvastly more useful than anything out ofThirty Days to a More Powerful Vocabu¬lary. If you are an assimiliated Jew, youcan pick up bits and pieces of a beautifuland ancient tradition that is dying, a legacythat will not be claimed because no one, itseems, knows it exists.Yiddish is going the way of the dodobird, the nickel beer, and Old Frisian. It’sdying off with the handful'of Medicare rel¬ics who still speak it. In America, the vastmajority of Jews speak English only.Those who do speak Yiddish tend to use itsparingly, and few pass it on to their chil¬dren. In Israel, Yiddish is discouraged. Itis generally considered a declasse lan¬guage, spoken only by the weak and theold, by those who passively marched intoHitler’s crematoria. In Russia, Yiddish isstill supposedly the official language ofBiro-bidjan in Eastern Siberia on the Man¬churian border. Stalin’s idea of a NationalJewish State. Its population is extremelysmall and only about a third of it is Jewishanyway. Since the Six-day War, there hasbeen a general crackdown on Jewish in¬stitutions behind the Iron Curtain. Most ofthe remaining Yiddish publications havebeen suspended. There is little hope for aYiddish revival in Eastern Europe. Therearen’t enough Jews any place else in theworld to really matter.Few have the slightest knowledge of theglory of Yiddish literature. Some mayhave read a little Sholem Aleichem or Is-sac Bashevis Singer in English, but howmany remember I. L. Peretz, MendeleMocher Soforim, or Sholem Asch? Doesanyone remember the old Yiddish stage?Has anyone seen The Dybbuk or God ofVengeance done in the original, or a Sho¬lem Secunda musical comedy? Does any¬one remember the old cantors like Rosen¬blatt who turned down a contract with theMet because he refused to cut his beard or work on Shabbos? What about Kwartin orHershman? Anybody out there capable ofreading the Forward or the Frieheit? Any¬one remember the old Roumainishe schulin Chicago, before it became a MountainBaptist tabernacle? Does anyone remem¬ber when Saturday was the Sabbath, aHoly celebration of life, not a day at thetrack or on the golf course? Rememberwhen being a Jew meant binding yourselfto an ancient ritual, an ancient people andan eternal God? Remember when therewas a broche (blessing) for every actionand every action was a potential blessing.Not many realize it, but the final solutionhas taken place. Hitler was successful. Theold European Jews are gone. Spiritually,the Jews of the last two generations arenot the same as the generation before.While the old Jews placed primary valueson scholarship and piety, the AmericanJew, like most Americans, places a prima¬ry value on money. Modern Jewry seemsto glory more in the ability to kill Arabsthan in the ability to comprehend a diffi¬cult passage in scripture. The Jewish na¬tion has become like all the other nations:more concerned with the material than thespiritual.This sermonizing doesn’t really lead asfar away from Rosten’s book as it seems.It is a fine book, but I am very sad that ithad to be written. In the best of all pos¬sible worlds, the book might be used as alamp unto the Gentiles, but it appears thatThe Joys of Yiddish will be more at homeunder the Channukah bush that the Xmastree. Rosten’s book performs a great ser¬vice to Jews and Gentiles alike, by keepingalive the glories that were Yiddish. Afterall, if there is a Yiddish theater in Albu¬querque, New Mexico that makes a profit(and there is), things can’t yet be all thatbad.Mr. Sostrin is a third year medical studentat the University of Illinois. His articleshave appeared m the Daily IUini and theChicago Seed.c \ ?r> t ,8 TSdfUSM' i *The Chicago Literary Review