Discussion brings out background of seminary plantLutherans won't change site, UC will help studentsThe UC administration has promised to provide help for all students who live in theblock which will be torn down this spring to make room for a new Lutheran seminary.At a meeting among UC administrators, representatives of the seminary, and UC studentslast Friday afternoon, Charles U. Daly, UC vice-president for public affairs, stated clearlythat the University will see thatprovisions are made for new apart¬ments for all UC students now inthe block, not just those living inthe three married student housingapartments owned by UC untiltheir recent purchase by the Lu¬theran School of Theology.He did not specify what wouldlie done for them, however. Theblock club for the affected blockreports seven commercially ownedapartments occupied by students.the LUTHERANS HAVEbought six of the seven buildingson the block between Universitya vo. and Greenwood ave., from54th place to 55th street. Three ofthe buildings were UC-run marriedstudent apartments. The otherthree which have been boughtwere commercially run, while thelone holdout is co-operativelyowned by its residents.No eviction until JuneThe Lutheran seminary plansto raze the buildings it owns inthe Greenwood-University blockand build classrooms, offices, andother campus facilities in theirplace. The present tenants haveboon promised they won’t bethrown out at least until June 30,and possibly not before August 31.UC representatives at the meet¬ing in a private conference room in the Administration buildingwere, besides Daly, Warner A.Wick, dean of students; James E.Newman, assistant dean of stu¬dents for housing; Jerald Brauer,dean of the UC divinity school;and Winston Kennedy, manager ofthe community and real estate of¬fice. Representatives from theseminary were Dr. Stuart Her¬man, president, and Frank Zim¬merman, business manager.UC students at the meetingwere nine of the members of theStudent Government executivecouncil; Susan Schacher, a gradu¬ate student who lives with herhusband at 1125 E. 54 place, oneof the buildings to be razed; andDavid L. Aiken, managing editorof the Maroon.THE FOLLOWING statement,prepared by the Lutherans, fills inthe background on negotiationsbetween the seminary and theUniversity, and current agree¬ments about relocation of tenants:Lutheran statementDiscussions concerning the lo¬cation of a Lutheran TheologicalSeminary near the University ofChicago began in October, 1957. Atthat time basic agreements as tothe amalgamation of four Luther¬an Synods — Augustana Evan¬ gelical Lutheran Church, theAmerican Evangelical LutheranChurch, the Finnish EvangelicalLutheran Church of America, andthe United Lutheran Church inAmerica — were underway withthe consequent merger of fourexisting theological seminaries —Augustana Theological Seminary,Chicago Lutheran TheologicalSeminary, Grand View Seminary,and Suomi Theological Seminary.An Inter-Seminary Committee,representing the four seminariesand the parent synods, was con¬stituted in the fall of 1958. Thatcommittee, on April 13, 1961, vot¬ed 22 to 4 in favor of a location“in close proximity to a univer¬sity” and 14 to 8 (with four ab¬stentions) in favor “of the Uni¬versity of Chicago over North¬western University, the other lo¬cation given serious considera¬tion.”ON NOVEMBER 21, 1961, thatcommittee submitted a site pro¬posal for the Lutheran School ofTheology to UC, reporting that:“Two major areas of concernmotivated the Inter-SeminaryCommittee in arriving at the con¬clusion that the School ought to beuniversity-oriented.“1. Accessibility of universityVol. 73 — No. 21 The University of Chicago c^3^>31 Friday, January 22, 1965New SSA building dedicatedA $1,600,000 building forthe School of Social ServiceAdministration at UC wasdedicated Sunday.The two-level steel and glassstructure, designed by LudwigMies van der Rohe, contains 50,000square feet. It houses nine class¬rooms, 60 faculty offices, four seminar and research rooms, alounge, a lobby which can also beused as a 300-seat auditorium, alibrary, and utility rooms, and islocated at the corner of 60th andEllis.THE SCHOOL OF Social Serv¬ice Administration (SSA) movedfrom Cobb Hall, the oldest struc-Maroon will print a2-page Tuesday editionThe Chicago Maroon will publish a two-page Tuesday edi¬tion for the remainder of this quarter and possibly for theremainder of the academic yiMonday.The decision, reached in an hourand a half staff meeting, was ap¬proved by a vote of 18 to 5.The other alternative in ques¬tion—weekly publication—was re¬jected on the grounds that theTuesday Maroon, although ad¬mittedly a financial liability, stillrepresented a needed outlet fortimely and relevant news.No change for FridayUNTIL TWO WEEKS ago, theMar<»on had published a four pageedition on Tuesdays and either aneight or a twelve page edition onFridays. This latest change willnot affect the size of Friday pa¬pers, however.The decision to publish a twopage Tuesday edition representsthe third major publication changethat the Maroon has made sincethe fall of 1961. At that time, pub¬lication was changed from weeklyto four times a week (Tuesdays,Wednesdays, Thursdays, and Fri¬days).Tills policy continued until thefall of 1963, when financial con¬siderations forced a switch to atwo day a week schedule. TheMaroon has appeared twice a weeksince then.IN APPROVING THE two pageTuesday edition, the staff madeclear that for the current quarter ?ar, the Maroon staff decidedthe move is only an experimentalone. A second staff meeting willbe held at the end of the quarterto assess the change.Tuesdays lose moneyThe entire question of a changein the Tuesday publication pro¬cedure came about when a reviewof the autumn quarter financialstatement revealed that approxi¬mately 90% of the lasses theMaroon incurred during that peri¬od were due to four and some¬times eight page Tuesday editionsthat lost money. Friday editions,approximately half of which wereeight and half of which weretwelve pages in length, came veryclose to breaking even.In connection with the changeto a two page Tuesday edition, theMaroon business office announcedthat advertising for the Tuesdayedition will be accepted only fromUniversity organizations and or¬ganizations sponsoring events oncampus. The deadline for Tuesdayadvertising will be Monday at 11am. For the Friday edition, ad¬vertising is now due by Thursdayat 11 am.The editorial office, in keepingwith the change, set its new copydeadlines at 1 pm Monday for theTuesday edition and 2 pm Thurs¬day for the Friday edition. ture on campus, into the newest.The SSA building is a striking ad¬dition to the “cultural mile" ofacademic buildings along thesouth side of the Midway.SSA pioneeringThe SSA’s leadership in socialwork education has been long rec¬ognized. From its inception in1908, the school has pioneered inthe development of improved cur¬ricula and methods of professionaleducation.With the formal opening of thebuilding, master architect Miesvan der Rohe adds his work atthe University to those of severalother internationally-known archi¬tects.AMONG THOSE WHO partici¬pated in the formal opening ofthe building were Mrs. Ellen Win¬ston, commissioner of Welfare Ad¬ministration of the US Depart¬ment of Health, Education andWelfare, in Washington, DC; Fair¬fax M. Cone, chairman of theBoard of Trustees of UC; EdwardH. Levi, provost of the University;Philip D. Block, Jr., chairman ofthe School of Social Service Ad¬ministration visiting committeeand a trustee of the University;James Brown IV, executive direc¬tor of the Chicago CommunityTrust, representing the SSA Alum¬ni; and Alton A. Linford, profes¬sor and dean of the School of So¬cial Service Administration.Mrs. Winston, who received herPhD from the department of so¬ciology of the University in 1930,also spoke at a private luncheonpreceding the dedication and openhouse.Thanks contributorsBlock commended contributorsto the building fund, which beganin 1962 with a $500,000 grant fromthe Woods Charitable Fund, Inc.Frank H. Woods, president of theSahara Coal Company, Inc., 59East Van Buren street, Chicago,and a trustee of the University, issecretary-treasurer of the fund.OTHER FOUNDATIONS AND(Continued on page two) services and facilities made avail¬able to our students and facultymembers by contractual agree¬ment with the University. Herewe have in mind primarily libra¬ries, health services, cultural pro¬grams, and facilities for sportsactivities.“2. Opportunities for our stu¬dents and faculty members tohave frequent contacts with thestudents and faculty members ofthe various schools and divisionsof the university. Undergirdingthis concern is the conviction thattheological education to be mosteffective must take place withinthe context of the total world oflearning where inter-disciplinaryconversation and confrontation isboth possible and inescapable.”The Committee further stated,“We deem it essential that the Lu¬theran School of Theology be lo¬cated not only contiguous to theUniversity campus but also asclose to the main arteries of Uni¬versity traffic as possible.”To be located “way out on thefringe of things” (as one Commit¬tee member put it) may not neces¬sarily negate our first area of con¬cern but it would to an almostfatal degree negate our secondarea of concern.THE SPECIFIC REQUEST wasfor a site between 55th and59th streets on the north-south axisand between Blackstone and Cot¬tage Grove avenues on the east-west axis.Since 1957, and throughout,Dean Jerald Brauer of the Schoolof Divinity of UC and his associ¬ates urged upon the Universitytheir desire, upon academicgrounds, that the Lutheran Schoolof Theology be accommodated.They have contended that the pro¬grams of education carried out bythe University of Chicago and theaffiliated and neighboring schoolsof theology would be enhanced bythe Lutheran School of Theologyand mutually supportive.Nevertheless, prior needs of theUniversity of Chicago for landarea south of 55th street for aca¬demic and related purposes com¬pelled it to advise the LutheranSite Committee that the Seminarycould not be accommodated withinthe campus area. Accordingly, al¬ternatives were suggested and ex¬plored. Finally, on May 20, 1963,the parent synod, representing 344Lutheran congregations, resolvedto accept the 54th and Woodlandsite, saying:“Merger has opened the oppor¬tunity for Lutheran theologicaleducation to return to the placeof its origin — the university.”“By locating a seminary at auniversity, the church need notsacrifice any of its independenceor conviction, but it can attract afaculty and students who desirebroader cultural relationships thanthe church’s school can provide.”ACCORDINGLY, ON June 21,1963, the University of Chicagoand the Lutheran School of The¬ology at Chicago entered into anagreement whereby the Univer¬sity sold and the Lutheran Schoolpurchased the series of buildingsin the 5400 block of Woodlawn andUniversity avenues. Simultaneous¬ly, the Lutheran School of Theol¬ogy acquired substantially all ofthe other properties in this blockby direct negotiation with theowners concerned.On July 3, 1963, Dr. RobertMarshall, as President of the Illi¬nois Synod of the Lutheran Churchin America, advised the HydePark-Kenwood Community Con¬ference that:“Throughout this acquisitionand as a continuing policy certainpoints are clear:Acquired on private market“1. All purchases have beenmade on the private market.Prices paid have been arrived atby direct negotiation with ownerswilling to sell. No right of publicacquisition, eminent domain orcondemnation, or any element ofpublic subsidiy has been ot willbe involved.2. While we have hoped thatowners of property we desire topurchase would be prepared tosell at reasonable, fair prices, noelement of coercion or compulsionis or will be involved.3. The structures which we have acquired to date (July 1963) In¬volve 199 units. Of these, 112, or56.5%, consist of student housingoperated by the University of Chi¬cago. The University of Chicagohas advised us that it has alreadymade plans for the rehousing ofthe persons here concerned whenrequired. The balance of 87 unitsare located in other structureswhre it is our intention, workingin collaboration with the Univer¬sity of Chicago and the appropri¬ate City agencies, to develop andcarry out an appropriate programof relocation services when re¬quired.4. In the selection of site andthe formulation of our plans, wehave sought to minimize any im¬pact upon non-white families. Youwill be interested to know that ofthe 199 units, only 31 involve non¬white families. Relocation serv¬ices, again, will be available here.You will also note that since ourschool includes Negroes among itsstudents, the block will continueto be integrated.5. Prediction as to timing is dif¬ficult because we do not know yetwhen sufficient funds will allowus to proceed. It appears at thistime, however, that possession atthe earliest will not be requiredfor more than a year. It Is our in¬tention, moreover, to provide themost adequate notice of our needfor possession of any premises,hopefully a year in advance.6. Required architectural workand studies Is now only in the for¬mative stages. In due course wewill, of course, be in a position todescribe our plans with muchgreater precision.”Efforts by the Lutheran Schoolof Theology to acquire additionalproperty in the area 54th place to55th street, Woodlawn to Univer¬sity avenues, substantially failed.Thereupon efforts were under¬taken to acquire properties in theblock bounded by 54th place, Uni¬versity avenue, 55th street, andGreenwood avenue. Of the sevenproperties located therein, includ¬ing three owned by the Universityof Cnicago, the Lutheran Schoolof Theology by December 15, 1964,was able to acquire six. Negotiat¬ions are underway for acquisitionof the seventh property but, in theabsence of its acquisition, at thistime a viable site for constructionof academic facilities for the Sem¬inary has been achieved. Again,the principles stated by Dr. Mar¬shall to the Hyde Park-KenwoodCommunity Conference on July 3,1963, have been followed.From 54th street to 54th place,University to Woodlawn, there are199 units, of which 112 consistof student housing operated by theUniversity of Chicago.From 54th place to 55th street,Greenwood to University, thereare 147 units, of which 62 consist¬ed of student housing operated bythe University of Chicago.Contract arrangements betweenthe University of Chicago and theLutheran Theological Seminaryprovide that the Seminary willproceed in accordance with reloca¬tion standards adopted by the Fed¬eral Urban Renewal Administra¬tion and the City of Chicago De¬partment of Urban Renewal and(Continued on page three)Despres: Wright Collegecase a 'book lynching'The current attempt by the Chicago City Council to “lynch”James Baldwin’s book Another Country is being backed byMayor Richard Daley, according to 5th Ward AldermanLeon Despres.Speaking on “Book Lynching inChicago” at Shorey Coffee PlusMonday, Despres stated that Daleyis pressuring aldermen to approvea resolution attacking the use ofthe book as required reading ina course at city-run Wright Jun¬ior College because he is afraidof offending Chicago's "farright.”Despres, who described himselfas “nationally a Democrat, locally fan independent,” was instrumental (in getting a vote on the councilresolution postponed until March10.“WHAT IS TAKING place,”Despres said, “is a book lynch¬ing. That’s the only thing thatI can call it.”The lynching is being support- rrary opinion as unimportant,ed, he stated, by the Chicago Despres said that in reading An-Tribune and elements of the far other Country he had found someright. The Sunday Tribune Re- pages in it really inspired andview of Books gave Another others "quite pedestrian.Country what Despres termed “a ue noted, however, that in testi-glowing review” in 1962. fying before the city council, pro- Many gave to new buildingLeon DespresHe termed “absurd” the claimby the resolution’s supporters thatthe required reading of AnotherCountry in a city college courseis an enfringement on liberty.The book deals extensively withhomosexuality and interracialheterosexual relations.Is Bible obscene? lessor Richard Ellman of North¬west ern University had comparedAnother Country in importance toUpton Sinclair’s The Jungle in itstime.THE CURRENT BOOK lynch¬ing attitude, he remarked, is “verydetrimental” to education. He alsoIS B.w.c wwstcncs believes that the controversy overDespres also denounced the use _ . . .. Another Country was being usedof the “isolated passage test” m , . ,. ... ,. , . „ ,, . , , _ . by some people to discredit Jamesjudging Baldwin s novel as being „. ,, . .. ue c Baldwin and the civil rights move-unacceptable to the US SupremeCourt. He noted that this test is men 'one in which the sections of Bible Despres denounced Daley andappear obscene. the Cook County DemocraticTHE REAL ISSUE at stake, Committee, which Daley controls,for supporting the council resolu¬tion. He described the committeeas being "a business” run for thepurpose of accumulating wealthand power.“It is ironic,” Despres said,"that the descendants of the partyof Thomas Jefferson have unitedwith the party of Goldwater”against Another Country.Urges letter campaignStating that the mayor con¬trolled most of the city councilaldermen, Despres urged oppo¬nents of the resolution to writedirectly to Mayor Daley. “He mustfeel that he has stirred up ahornet’s nest,” Despres said.Despres said that he was hopingthat UC faculty members andtrustees would make themselvesheard in opposition to the coun¬cil resolution. He remarked thatAnother Country was being readin a course at UC.A debate between Despres andAlderman John Hoellen, a sup¬porter of the resolution, is sched¬uled for 4 pm today at the assem¬bly hall of Wright Junior College,3400 North Austin avenue.The MAROON learnedlast night that a debate inwhich Alderman Despreswas scheduled to appear to¬morrow has been cancelled.In a telegram, the sponsorsof the debate, John GoldenProductions, said that thecancellation was forced byWright College officials be¬cause they refused to allowthe auditorium to be usedfor the debate.Despres said, was censorship. Henoted that while the city councilhas no legal power over Wright’scourses, passage of the resolutionwould put heavy pressure on theWright administration and SchoolSuperintendent Benjamin C. Wil¬lis for removal of the book fromthe contemporary British andAmerican literature course inwhich it is required.Despres remarked that the Illi¬nois Education Association hadtaken its stand in the controversyon the issue of censorship, not onthe book itself.Some passages 'pedestrian'While discounting his own lit-Creel named as distinguished professorHerrlee G. Creel, an au¬thority on early Chinesephilosophy, history and liter¬ature, has been named MartinA. Ryerson Distinguished ServiceProfessor at UC.Creel did his undergraduateand graduate work at UC. He re¬ceived his Ph.D. degree in 1929.In 1936, Creel returned to UCas Instructor in Chinese historyand language. He was appointed afull professor in 1949. He servedas chairman of the committee onFar Eastern civilizations from 1951 to 1957, and was chairmanof the department of orientallanguages and civilizations from1954 to 1962.Creel has written a number ofbooks and articles on China. Hisbooks include The Birth of China(1936); Studies in Early ChineseCulture (1937); Literary Chineseby the Inductive Method, withChang Tsung-ch’ien and RichardRudolph (Volume I, 1938; Vol.II, 1940; Vol. Ill, 1952); Con¬fucius, the Man and the Myth(1949); Chinese Thought fromConfucius to Mao Tse-tung (1953).2 • CHICAGO MAROON (Continued from page one)trusts which contributed to thebuilding fund include the ChicagoCommunity Trust, A. Montgom¬ery Ward Foundation, WieboldtFoundation, Harriett PullmanSchermerhorn Charitable Trust,Cummings Foundation, DivisionFund, Bowman C. Lingle Trust,and Harris Bank Foundation.Many interested individualsmade contributions, includingabout 1,500 alumni of the school,whose contributions totaled $105,-000. Block said this was a "tre¬mendous achievement” for agroup of social workers.The School of Social ServiceAdministration, one of the Uni¬versity’s seven graduate profes¬sional schools, was established in1908 as an independent institution.It became an integral part of theUniversity in 1920. In 1924, itawarded one of the nation’s firstPhD degrees in social work.First with own buildingThis is the first time that theSchool has had a building of itsown since it became affiliated withthe University. During most ofthese years the School has beenhoused in Cobb Hall, the buildingin which the University convenedits first classes on October 1, 1892.Cobb will be completely renovatedfor classroom use by the College,hopefully by the fall of 1966.AT PRESENT. THE school hasa faculty of 42 and a student bodyof 257. It has awarded 2,481 MAdegrees and 110 PhD degrees insocial work in the 57 years of itsexistence.Linford said the new buildingwill enable the School to increaseits faculty to 50 members and itsstudent body to about 350 over thenext several years.The school maintains workingrelationships with more than 50social agencies in the Chicagoarea and nationally. In Chicago,247 students take part of theirtraining with 43 cooperating agen¬cies.The SSA research program in¬cludes studies of community or¬ganization, street gangs, juveniledelinquency, family and child wel¬fare, probation and parole, adop¬tion, administration of public as¬sistance, and methods of trainingin social work.Community values programsLinford said;“THE FACT THAT this com¬munity has contributed the fundsto erect this building for theSchool’s use is evidence of thehigh value the community placeson the School’s research and train¬ing programs.”Linford has visions of thathome “becoming a social servicecenter for the entire community,where all kinds of public issuescan be discussed, where we havethe physical capacity for more andbetter research, where studentscan more readily be trained notonly to serve but also to dream—dreams that also will one daycome to pass.”It was as a student himself inthe University’s School of SocialService Administration that Lin¬ford first became aware of theinadequacies of the School’s hous¬ing. Edith Abbott, who was Deanwhen Linford came to Chicago in1934, occasionally talked of herhope for a building, but in themiddel ’30s funds to just keepalive were hard enough to comeby-Linford left campus in 1939,master’s degree in hand, not toreturn until 1945, as an assistantprofessor.Money search not hardIN 1958, TWO years after hebecame Dean himself, Linford ap¬proached the University admin¬istration about construction of anew building. He was told thatfunds were not available. “Butdon’t take our ‘no’ for an answer,see what you can find,” the ad¬ministrators said.Linford went looking. He re¬calls it wasn’t as hard as someanticipated. "Our Visiting Com-Jan. 22, 1965 mlttee deserves the credit.Through the efforts of PhilipBlock, its chairman, and FrankWoods, who made an initial giftof half a million dollars, we man¬aged to raise another $1,000,000to make up the total cost.Proud of facilities“OUR CLOSENESS on SouthCampus to the Center for Con¬tinuing Education, with its over¬night facilities, should bring in¬creasing numbers of people withacademic interests to the Uni¬versity.”While Linford p?ans ahead forthe utilization of the new buildingto meet community needs, he al¬ready is getting professional sat¬isfaction from the response of stu¬dents and faculty to their newhome.“The greatest single contribu¬tion to our excitement is the li¬brary,” Linford says. “For thefirst time since 1941, when ourlibrary was incorporated intoHarper Memorial Library, we canreassemble all of our material inone place.”Challenging problemsThe prospects facing today’s graduates arc even more challenging than in the past, Linford said.“Assistance in achieving meresubsistence, the administration ofrelief rolls, the care of the poorand the sick, arc no longer theonly concerns of the social wel¬fare organizations."AS PEOPLE MORE readilysatisfy the basic requirements ofa decent life, their intellects arefreed to consider other ramifica¬tions of the public welfare. Thecare of the sick and the aged haschanged from being merely cus¬todial to more meaningful pro¬grams. Increasing urbanization hasheightened the need for peopletrained in community organiza¬tions and social planning. Chang¬ing moral values have heightenedthe problems of delinquency. Rev¬olutions in the utilization of man¬power have necessitated increasedattention to re training problemsand satisfying uses of leisure time.Breakdowns in behavior and family relatioaships demand commu¬nity attention and trained per¬sonnel.Job OpportunitiesThe following recruiting organ¬izations will visit the Office ofCareer Counseling and Placementduring the week of January 25.Interview appointments may bearranged through L. S. Calvin,room 200, Reynolds Club, exten¬sion 3284.JANUARY 26Center for Naval Analyses, Ar¬lington, Va.—S.M. and Ph.D. can¬didates in mathematics, physics,and statistics. Schedule permittingwill also interview graduate stu¬dents in these disciplines for sum¬mer employment.JANUARY 27Allstate Insurance Company,Skokie, Illinois— men for rotation¬al management training program,and in some instances for directplacement into positions such assales, underwriting, claims, etc. JANUARY 28Uareo, Inc., Chicago, Illinoisprimarily—men for general busi¬ness training program.JANUARY 28North American Aviation andDivisions, greater Los Angelesarea — students completing atleast one year of graduate workby June 1965 in mathematics,physics, or statistics for summeremployment.JANUARY 29US Housing and Home FinanceAgency, Chicago, Illinois and othermetropolitan areas — Bachelorsand Masters degree candidates in¬terested in the area of housingand community development. Pass¬ing of the Federal Service En¬trance Examination is a requisitefor employmentSG to back WUCBThe Student Government(SG) Assembly gave its finalapproval to a recommendationfor the establishment ofWUCB as an FM station at itsTuesday night meeting.The approval came in the formof a memorandum to the admin¬istration and Board of Trustees,outlining a plan whereby WUCB,through revisions in its consti¬tution, would maintain internalcontrol of all aspects of its broad¬casting. The station would be sub¬ject to yearly review by the Com¬mittee on Recognized StudentOrganizations, which under aproposed constitutional amend¬ment to be submitted to the stu¬dent body at the spring election,would approve the Student Activi¬ties Budgets.THE WUCB PROPOSAL ap¬proved by the Assembly outlinedthree main recommendations tothe Board of Trustees. The firsturged the trustees to "apply fora (non - commercial) educationalFM license from the FCC andname WUCB the operator of thestation.” Such a station, whilebeing University owned, as isnecessary under the provisions ofthe FCC code, would be independ¬ent of the University, serving asthe student voice. It would not inany way represent the Universityofficially.Keep internal controlThe second provision recom¬mended that control over theoperation of the station remaininternal with no overseeing cen¬sorship board being established.A change in the constitution ofWUCB would accomplish this byestablishing a board of directorsin place of the present stationmanager, to supervise policy andbe responsible for adherence tothe FCC FM code.The third recommendation dealtwith external control. It urgedthe rejection of any “supervisoryboard with powers of censorship and of dismissal,” deeming itwiser (hat, instead, the powers ofan already existing body (CORSO)be enlarged to include the powerof periodic review of the operat¬ing policy of WUCB. In the courseof preparing the budget, (in¬cluding that of WUCB), the Com¬mittee on Recognized Student Or¬ganizations would hold publichearings to air any and all com¬plaints and criticisms of WUCB.THE ASSEMBLY ALSO dis-cussed the Lutheran seminary andthe probable eviction of UC stu¬dents from their homes to makeway for construction of academicand residence facilities for thefaculty and students of the semi¬nary. Concern was expressed (1)at the tightening of the housingmarket; (2) the apparent disinter¬est on the part of the Universityin taking into consideration theresidential needs of the studentbody; (3) the disruption of amodel integrated community, and(4) general University policy to¬ward integration in long rangeplanning and property transac¬tions in Hyde Park.Will hold meetingThe Assembly decided to spon¬sor a public meeting on the Lu¬theran Seminary question and toinvite the main participants, rep¬resentatives of the University, theLutheran seminary, and the resi¬dents. The meeting is tentativelyplanned for Tuesday at 7:30 pmin Business East 103. The campusaction committee was also em¬powered to make recommenda¬tions as to action SG might takeon the question.In other actions, the Assemblyapproved a resolution supportingthe students and faculty atWright Junior College in theirrejection of interference by theChicago City Council in the Bald¬win book controversy, and votedto pay UC students who had lostmoney they had deposited forbooks with the now defunct co-op.Lutheran seminary site will not change(Continued from page one*hat the School of Theology willay all proper costs in connectionherewith.The School of Theology hasgt-ceri that it will not seek pos-ession of units prior to June 30.965 and anticipates that this dateiav he extended to August 31.965.THK FOIJ/OWING statements/ere set forth at a meeting oftarried Couples of the Universityf Chicago hold in the Fairfax onne evening of January 6. TheyE*pfesent the undertakings of the■utheran School of Theology withaspect to relocating students liv-lg in the block bounded by 55thtroot. Greenwood avenue. 54thlace, and University.1. Students will not bo request-rl to vacate prior to June 30, 1965.Jthough we would desire posses¬ion earlier than August 31 leaseMtninations, we will try to ac-ammodate those who wish to de-iv moving until that time.2. Requests to cancel leasesrior to expiration dates will beonored upon 30 days’ written no-re to McKey & Poagae or to us.3. One month’s rental will l>e al-ivved to compensate for moving•sis to students continuing at thediversity in the Fall quarter of>65 if they are moving to hous-ig of their own choice.4. No moving allowance will berovided to students completing* discontinuing their studies atic University at the end of the[•ring quarter of 1965.5. We will furnish housing com-t table to present quarters of stu-»nts continuing their studies at the University in the Fall quarterof 1965 and who expect to com¬plete their studies by the end ofSpring quarter of 1966. The rentalrates will be the same as now ineffect for comparable space inthe buildings being vacated. Onemonth’s rental will be allowed tocover moving expenses.Preference in US housing6. It is our understanding thatthe University will give preferencein housing to students who planto continue their studies beyondthe Spring quarter of 1966. Onemonth’s rental will be allowed tostudents moving to Universityhousing to cover moving expenses.7. Moving will be arranged-forhv the student; we pledge our bestefforts to allow maximum flexi¬bility as to the timing of movingso that there will be a minimumof inconvenience to students.8. Students being relocated toour properties will, upon receiptby us of 30 days’ written notice,bo permitted to cancel their leasesif they discontinue their studiesas of the end of an academicquarter or if they at any timemust move because of illness orillness in their families.9. All properties of the Schoolof Theology, including those inwhich you now reside, are underthe m a nagement of McKey &Poague, 150.1 East 57th street,Phone DO 3-6200; Mr. WilliamStoll is in charge.10. Beginning January 11, 1965we will have an office in Apt. 1-C,5418 Woodlawn avenue. It will lieojh'h on Mondays and Tuesdays.The office will be under the di¬ rection of Mr. C. H. Anderson,business manager of our RockIsland Campus. Phone: 643-6535.Discussion of locationThe discussion brought out theseminary’s motives for insistingon the sites near 55th street, in¬stead of the other areas which hadbeen brought up as possible alter¬natives. The Lutheran representa¬tives mentioned that the Augus-tana Lutheran Church will build anew church building on the southside of 55th street between Uni¬versity avenue and Woodlawn ave¬nue. The seminary wishes to beas close as possible to their co¬religionists, the representativessaid.RFV. PHILIP V. ANDERSON.pastor of the Augustana Church,explained to the Maroon that hiscongregation’s former building at54th street and Kimbark avenuewas marked for demolition underthe urban renewal program. Itssite will be developed as part ofa large park between Kimbark andKenwood.The Department of Urban Re¬newal agreed to sell the church anew site, at the current marketprice, which will probably be about$54,000, Rev. Anderson said. Con¬struction on the church buildingis scheduled to begin this sum¬mer. Parking space and, at alater date, a church school build¬ing, will also be part -of the Au-gustana church site. Rev. Ander¬son noted that, since the old build¬ing burned down in the summerof 1963, his congregation has held services in Bond Chapel, on theUC campus.'Not just any old corner'AT THE UC meeting, Zimmer¬man. the business manager of theseminary, repeated that the Lu¬therans had originally wanted tofind a site very close to the Divin¬ity School and the other seminaries near campus, such as theMeadville Theological Seminaryon Woodlawn and 57th street, andthe Chicago Theological seminaryon University and 58th street.They do not want to be in “justany old corner of campus,” asHerman put it.The University, Herman said,responded that it could not spareany of the land in the immediatecampus area. When the seminarywent hunting for available land,Zimmerman said, they rejected allsuch sites as the present campusof George Williams College at54th street and Drexel avenue, andthe present site of the Fifth Armyheadquarters, on 51st street andthe lake. Such sites were muchtoo far away from the area ofcampus with which the Lutheranswish to have close relations.In discussing George Williams.Zimmerman also noted that thepresent main building consists of aswimming pool and two gymna¬siums — “not a nucleus aroundwhich a seminary would want tobuild itself.”Brauer cites benefitsUC DIVINITY SCHOOL deanBrauer noted that “it wasn’t easyto get the Lutherans to decide to come here. Some of them wantedto move to the suburbs, others toEvanston.”The Divinity school, he said,strongly wants the Lutherans inthe neighborhood for three mainreasons• The institution will makeavailable many facilities, such asspecialized library collections andfaculty experts, which will be ofgreat value to UC and the othdrHyde Park institutions.• The Lutherans are commit¬ted to studying and living in an in¬tegrated urban area, at a timewhen many other institutions arefleeing to the suburbs. This dem¬onstrates their support of the goalof integration, and their interest illministering to city residents.• With a student body about2ft per cent Negro, and with alower-middle class faculty, theseminary will bring in people whowill contribute to Hyde Park’straditional heterogeneity.No change possibleAFTER THE STUDENTS ques¬tioned whether alternative siteswere still available, Herman andWick agreed that “the idea thatthe Lutherans might change sitesis utterly fantastic,” as Wick putit.While this did not please thestudents, some of them were wilt¬ing to turn the discussion to thequestion of what provisions would(Continued on page four)Why IT me Flash Bulbs?Electronic Flash Gun withElectronic CordWas $29.95Now *1495 =THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO BOOKSTORE5802 Ellis A.e. TRAVELING?Get Nearly FreeTRANSPORTATIONBy Driving a Car to California,Arizona, Florida, Seattle,Salt Lake, EastALL CITIESMinimum ace 21VI E 9-2361AUTO DRIVEAWAY CO.343 S. DEARBORN ST. "BUDGETWISE"AAA Approved: 24-hourSwitchboard.Maid Service: each roomwith own, bath.Special student rates:$180.00/qtr.Special daily, weekly andmonthly rates.BROADVIEW HOTEL5540 Hyde Park Bird.FA 4-8800AMERICAN RADIO ANDTELEVISION LABORATORY1300 E. 53rd Ml 3-9111— TELEFUNKEN O ZENITH —Sales and Sert iec on all hi-fi oqiii|m»ont.24 HR. SERVICE CALLS — $3.00Tape Recorders — Phonographs — AmplifiersPhono Needles and Cartridges — Tubes — Batteries10% discount to students with ID cardsMEET THE ZEBS!ZETABETATAURUSH SMOKERMonday, Jan. 25-7:30-10:00 P.M.REYNOLDS CLUB SOUTH LOUNGE5706 S. UniversityComo prepared to have all your questionsabout this and next year’s activities answeredby brothers and alumni. ■attention:STUDENTS FROM EUROPE, NORTH AFRICA,LATIN AMERICA, MIDDLE EAST!PROCTER & GAMBLE INTERNATIONALWILL BE ON THIS CAMPUS TO INTERVIEWMEN INTERESTED IN BEGINNING TECHNI¬CAL AND BUSINESS CAREERS IN THEIRHOMELAND ONJanuary 27we will interview:BS and MS degrees in ChE, ME, IE, and EE for technicalpositionsMBA's and BS or MS in any non-technical field for be¬ginning positions in Marketing, Advertising, Sales, Finance,and Buying.PROCTER & GAMBLE INTERNATIONAL is made up ofsubsidiaries of the Procter & Gamble Company, a U. S.organization which manufactures and sells soaps, deter¬gents, food, toilet goods, and other consumer products inover 1 40 countries of the free world.The history of Procter & Gamble's development has beenone of substantial growth. In each ten years of the Com¬pany's history since 1900, sales hove approximatelydoubled.These openings represent unusual opportunities for menof ability. You will be given early responsibility and per¬sonalized on-the-job training. We promote only fromwithin, and only on the basis of merit, and young menbeginning a career with us have the opportunity to ad¬vance into top executive positions in a Subsidiary, replac¬ing U. S. Managers temporarily assigned. We do notknow of any other organization where there is greateropportunity to advance on the basis of merit alone!Xign at Voiir Vlacenicni Office fnr an Interviewif for any reason you cannot interview now, write directly to:Mr. John A. Handley,Personnel ManagerInternational Divisions, Dept. CM-122The Procter & Gamble CompanyP.O. Box 201, Cincinnati, Ohio 45224 UniversityTheaterpresentsWilliam Wycherly'sCOUNTRYWIFEDirected by James O'ReillyJon. 29, 30, 31, Feb. 4, 5, 6, 7Reynolds Club Theatre8:30 p.m.$2.00 (Students - $1,501Tickets — Reynolds Club DeskJan. 22, 1965 • CHICAGO MAROON • aUniversity committed to 'residential' College(Continued from page three) able for students. They made thebe made for adequate student P°in* that the need for studenthousing in a neighborhood which housing should have enough pri-is losing many apartments suit- ority to make it as important, ormore important than the desiresof other institutions to buy landin the neighborhood. wants to see up to about 75 per livable than the present dorms,cent of undergraduates in Univer- The highest percentage of res-sity-run facilities, though he prom- idence in dorms in recent yearsised such facilities would be more was 71 per cent in 1961-62. Since Kelly, Green, and Beecher weretaken over for offices, this pro.portion has fallen, Wick pointedout.A reincarnation of the fabled twistparty will occur tonight, January 22,830 in Judson Lounge (Burton-Jud-son Cts.. 1005 E. 60th). Live musicwill be supplied by Otis (Ditty-boy)Parham and his band; upstairs therewill be taped music for those of amore sedate nature.St. Vincent, on whose day the partyoccurs, was an early Christian mar¬tyred in 304 A.D. He is reputed to bethe patron saint of drinkers and vini¬culturists, and more recently, of twistparties.Followers of his cause from allparts of the campus are invited andencouraged to come for a great androllicking time. Scientists and theologians hold dialogueChicago MaroonEditor in-Chief Robert F. LeveyBusiness Manager Michael KasseraManaging Editor David L. AikenAssistant to the Editor.. Sharon GoldmanCampus News Editor Joan PhillipsEditor. Chicago LiteraryReview Martin MichaelsonCulture-Feature Editor. .David H. RichterPhotoCo-ordinators. Bill Caffrey, Steve WofsyRewrite Editor......... n . Eve HochwaldMovie Editor Kenneth KrantzMusk Editor Peter RabinowitzScience Editor Ed StemEditor Emeritus John T. WilliamsStaff-Rick Pollack, Tom Heagy, Barbara Jur,Barry Weitz, Dan Hertzberg, Joan Tap¬per, Dick Granz, Dinah Esral, HowardFishman, Steve Ford, Jerry A. Levy,David Satter, Bruce Freed, Matt Jo¬seph, Tobey Klass, Dick Atlee, WilliamHerzog, Allen Adcock, Judy Favia. Cis-sie Hatch, Dorie Solinger, Ellis Levin,Barry Salins, Paul Burstein, Jack Cat-lin, Hugh Letiche. Robert Haven, Ed¬ward Chickovsky, Charles Dashe, RheaRollin, Jamie Beth Gale, Mary McMul¬len, Judith Schavrien, Bob Yaspan. Wick outlined the work of afaculty committee headed by Wal¬ter J. Blum, professor of law,which is writing a comprehensivereport covering the whole ques¬tion of student housing and facili¬ties for student activities.Plan new villageOne of the projects the commit¬tee has already suggested is avery ambitious development forthe cleared land between 55th and56th streets, in the blocks west ofGreenwood avenue. The planswould call for quadrangles ofhousing for married and singlestudents, both undergraduate andgraduate, and for faculty. Cultural,sports, and eating facilities wouldalso be included, to give the areaan atmosphere of a "village.’*WICK AND NEWMAN agreedthat the University will hold to itsgoal of a "residential college" andadequate facilities for students.Wick said that within the next tenor fifteen years, the UniversityRENT A TRUCK$000 Per HourDO-IT-YOURSELFTRUCK RENTALSO 8-98008150 Stony IslandSundays $3.00 per hour EYE EXAMINATIONFASHION EYEWEARCONTACT LENSESDR. KURT ROSENBAUMOptometrist53 Kimbark Plaza1200 Eost 53 rd StreetHYde Pork 3-8372Student and FacultyDiscountLAYAWAY DIAMOND FOR JUNEPHILLIPS JEWELRY CO.Wholesale DistributorsLAYAWAY DIAMOND FOR EASTERDiamonds ★ Watches ★ JewelrySERVING COLLEGE STUDENTS AT WHOLESALE PRICESFOR THE PAST 30 YEARS'50% OFF ON ALL DIAMONDS,_ ENGAGEMENT AND WEDDING RINGS"Wotch and Jewelry Repairing, Rm. 1101, 67 E. Madison St., ChicagoDE 2-6508For Further Information ContactM. Kassero — Ext. 3265 or 363-62280v0l»i«*«(N 0> AHIMIA, INGet the bug in Europe.RicV up your Volkswagen in Europe and save a bundle pn import easts©nil European travel expenses. As your local authorized VW dealer w.boodle everything; purchase, delivery, insurance, licensing, the works. Justtell us where you want it delivered-. France, Italy, Great Britain, Ireland,Germany, Denmark, Belgium, Switzerland or The Netherlands.For Information send coupon toBox 101, Moroon, 1212 E. 59 St.Nome by Danny R. ChandlerA “radical experiment” in¬volving prominent scientistsand theologians in a dialogueon the topic “Resources of theSciences for Theology” was heldJanuary 18 and 19 at the Centerfor Continuing Education. About120 students, scholars, and clergy¬men participated in the confer¬ence, sponsored by the UC Mead-ville Theological School.The Reverend Malcolm B. Suth¬erland, president of Meadville,called the sessions "the launchingof a radical experiment to involvethe sciences in theological inquiryand education.” The programmarked the inauguration of a newprogram at the school, whose de¬nominational orientation is Uni-tarian-Universalist, and which of¬fers graduate degrees in the min¬istry and in teaching.Scientific method in theologyTHE FIRST SESSION of theconference, which considered theo¬logical resources from the phys¬ical sciences, featured a paper bySanborn Brown, Professor of Physics at MIT. He warned thetheologians that "many present-day educated men disdain anyonewho knows nothing of the writ¬ings of Dante or Homer, but thosesame men will brag that theynever could pass an elementaryphysics course.”The scientific method, he said,perhaps could offer the theolo¬gians the same successes in theol¬ogy as it has to researchers inthe physical sciences.Resources from biologyIn the second session of theconference, which considered re¬sources from the biological sci¬ences, a paper by George Wald,professor of biology at HarvardUniversity was presented.In the light of his research, hestated, he could feel "no encour¬agement” at theological endorsements of “personal immortality”and a "personal God who listensto our prayers.”THEOLOGIANS MUST firstask "whether or not they, unlikescience, can arrive at final an¬swers,” he suggested. They mustlearn from “the scientific methodYou won't have to put yourmoving or storage problemoff until tomorrow if youcall us today.PETERSON MOVINGAND STORAGE CO.12655 S. Doty Ave.646-4411 C0BEAUTY SALON_S ExpertPermanent WavingandHair Cuttingby Max and Alfred1350 E. 53rd St. HY 3-8302THE 1965 COLLEGIATE FOLK FESTIVAL MARCH 5-6UNIVERSITY OF NOTRE DAMEWrite for information and applications to;CFFBox 306, Alumni, Notre Dome, IndianaHYDE PARK YMCANewly redecorated student rooms available with or without meal plans.Study lounge, private TV room, health, and physical facilities allavailable for student use.Call FA 4-5300JESSELSON’SSERVING HYDE PARK FOR OVER 30 YEARSWITH THE VERY BEST AND FRESHESTFISH AND SEAFOODPL 2-2870, PL 2-8190, DO 3-9186 1340 E, 53rdthe One, the Only-the Originalforeign car hospital t clinichome of team winkauthorized BMC and Triumph sales and service5424 s. kimbark ave. mi 3-3113USED TYPEWRITERSPortables and StandardsCompletely Overhauledand carrying a new machine guaranteeNow from $35.00 to $135.00THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO BOOKSTORE5802 Ellis Ave. and answer questions with ques¬tions.”The third session of the con¬ference examined resources fromthe psychosocial sciences with apaper by .Anthony F. C. Wallace,Professor of Anthropology at theUniversity of Pennsylvania."Belief in supernatural beingsami in supernatural forces whichaffect nature without obeying na¬ture’s laws will erode and becomeonly an interesting historicalmemory."This is not to say that thisevent is likely to occur in the nextdecade; the process will very like¬ly take several hundred years, andthere will probably always remaina few individuals, or even occa¬sional small cult groups, who re¬spond to intense emotional experi¬ence and with a supernaturalisticinterpretation,” he stated.Wallace said that the questionof whether this will be good orbad for humanity is irrelevent,that the process is inevitable. “Inthis sense, the goal of scienceand the goal of religion are thesame: to create the image of asimple and orderly world.”(Mr. Chandler is a student atMeadville Theological School.)REVENGE - MURDERWitherspoon to be killed here.Legally. SOON. If you give adamn, write Gov. Kerner, urgeMERCY. See letter column. CALL348-3912 for details.Universal Army StoreLevis - TurtlenecksWinter Jockets - RaincoatsPeocoots - Parkas1459 E. 53rd St. FA 4-5856Free CoffeeComplete CineOf Pet AndAqiuirium Suppliesthe cage1352 E. 53rdPL 2-4012PIZZAPLATTER1508 HYDE PARK BLVD.DELIVERY &TABLE SERVICEfcF C-66‘06— KE 6-:iSf>1Chicken - SandwichesPizza &Italian FoodsHYDE PARKAUTO SERVICECORDOLDSCHEVOPELMOOtfWILLIS-ST. CLAIRJIM HARTMAN5340 LAKE PARKPL 2-0496CHICAGO MAROONLITERARY REVIEWJANUARY 22, 1965GOD IN OUR TIME'STEMATIC THEOLOGY, Volffl, by Paul Tillich, Universityof Chicago Press, !{3lt pages.$r,.95.The publication of the third vol-ie of Professor Paul Tillich’sstcmatic Theology marks thenpletion of what will no doubtove to be the most significantdition to Protestant theologicalmight of this century. To write aziew of this achievement, need-s to say, is not a simple task, foris impossible to convey the great-5S of Professor Tillich’s thoughtbut a few paragraphs. Neverthe-s I shall try, though with consid-ible risk, to present at least theit of his theological point of viewrl also to indicate an issue onlich some controversy is likely to‘US.According to Tillich, theology isio methodical explanation of thedents of the Christian faith”ol. T, p. 28), and his own methodwhat he terms “the method of'relation.” This method, whicherprets the principal Christiannliols by correlating them withanalysis of the human situation,ilso the principle of organization• the three volumes of System-c Theology. The volume at handuprises the final two of the fiverts of the system, namely, “Lifed the Spirit” and “History and? Kingdom of God.” The preced-l volumes included parts entitledeason and Revelation.” “Beingd God,” and “Existence and therist.” As the titles suggest, eachrt “explains” a theological sym-I by showing how it answers aestion implied in the human sit li¬on. How this is done can he seenlooking at one of the correla-ns from the present volume:lat is meant by “life,” and howes it pose a question to which? symbol “divine Spirit” is theswer?The plan of Tillich’s discussioni be summarized as follows:a. Life is “ambiguous.” Man’s ex¬perience of this ambiguityleads him to quest for “unam¬biguous” life.b. The divine Spirit creates un¬ambiguous life. Thus the di¬vine Spirit is the “answer” tothe “question” posed by life.is short but opaque formulationviously needs to be clarified,rst, what does it mean to sayit life is ambiguous?According to Tillich, what a be-; is essentially, or potentially; islat it ought to be actually. Life‘the actuality of being”—is ful-ed if a being actualizes its po-ltiality, i.e., if it realizes its es-ltial nature in existence. Man’s;ential nature, as “life in thenension of spirit,” is finite free-m; man is fulfilled, therefore, ifactualizes this potentiality, if hedizes his essential structure —ite freedom—in existence. Free-m here means that man (essen-llv) is a complete self with thever of knowing and acting on? basis of a personal decidingiter. He can transcend his worldicluding his empirical self), haveowledge of it, and he can createx forms out of given material,in’s finiteness, which he has innmon with all other beings,ans that his power of being islited. Not only is his spiritualver — his capacity to know and— limited, but so is his phys¬ ical being: he must die. Man’s be¬ing, to use Tillich’s words, is lim¬ited by nonbeing. Now, this essen¬tial structure of finite freedom isprecarious. For in his freedom,which is his power of self-tran¬scendence or His “potential infin¬ity,” man is not only finite but heis aware of his finiteness. And thisawareness is anxiety. “Anxiety isthe self-awareness of the finite selfas finite” (Vol. I, p. 192). In orderto relieve his anxiety, then, manuses his freedom to deny or to hidefrom his finiteness; he tries to ele¬vate himself above finiteness. Hetries to be infinite — e.g., by giv¬ing undue significance to the prod¬ucts of his thought and action, oreven by hiding from the fact ofdeath by thinking of himself as“immortal” — rather than accepthis finiteness, and his efforts inthis direction result in the disrup¬tion of his structure as finite andfree; he moves toward self-destruc¬tion. In particular he tends to de¬stroy the very dimension of hisbeing which makes him human,namely, his freedom. He becomes“dehumanized.” In this sense, theprocess in which man actualizeshis potentiality — “life” — is dis¬torted. He is not what he ought tobe. Or, his existence (what he actu¬ally is) contradicts his essence(what he ought to be); he “falls”into estrangement from, himself:a “gap” opens up between essenceand existence. Thus the process ofactualizing potentiality is simul¬taneously a transition from essenceto existence, i.e., into disruptionand estrangement..This “fall” into estrangement, orthe split between essence and exist¬ence, is not structurally necessary.Tillich is emphatic on this point.To be threatened by non-being; i.e.,to be anxious, implies the possibil¬ity but not the necessity of thesplit between essence and exist¬ence. Since the fall is mediated byfreedom it cannot be said to benecessary. Nevertheless, for anygiven human being the split be¬tween essence and existence issomething he encounters as an al¬ready established condition. Theindividual human being is borninto estrangement; he is caught init, because it is already embodiedin the human situation. Estrange¬ment is his destiny (not “fate”),since it is built into the many prod¬ucts of human thought and action— economic and political systems,artistic expressions, ideologies —by which every human being isconditioned. Estrangement, there¬fore, in Tillich’s view ,is “fact” be¬fore it is “act.” The split betweenessence and existence is in parttragic: the individual is “fallen”apart from any decision or act ofhis own. This means, of course,that the contradictions and disrup¬tions of existence cannot be cor¬rected from the standpoint of ex¬istence. In so far as estrangementprevails, man is enslaved by it; hecannot actualize his potentiality;he cannot become what he ought tobe. The human spirit cannot fulfillitself by itself.Now the meaning of “ambigui¬ty” can be clarified. Life is defined,in Tillich’s view, as the process inwhich potentiality becomes actu¬ality. In short, life is “actuality ofbeing.” But it has just been notedthat this process is simultaneously a “fall” into estrangement; i.e., thetransition from essence to disrupt¬ed existence. Therefore, life as theactuality of being in part realizesits essential structure and in partdoes not, and this is because everyactual being is caught in the situa¬tion of finitude and estrangementTo say that life is ambiguousmeans that actual being is a mix¬ture of essence and existence. Ac¬tual being is partly true to itself —its potentiality — and partly dis¬torted from itself. And, since dis¬ruption cannot heal disruption, am¬biguous life cannot heal its ambi¬guity.How does this pose a question?Man as a spiritual being is not onlyinvolved in ambiguity but he is alsoaware of it; he experiences the am¬biguity — he is conscious of thefact that he is not what he oughtto be. Therefore he wants to be re¬united with his essential nature,and this is the quest for “unam¬biguous” life. Or, more concretely,he asks what it is that makes itpossible for him to realize his es¬sential nature even in fragment,i.e., to avoid total self-destructionunder the conditions of estrangedexistence. He asks, in other words,about a “transcendent union” ofessence and existence.If this is the question, the sym¬bol “the divine Spirit” must be itsanswer. The divine Spirit, or theSpiritual Presence, must point tothat which overcomes ambiguityand creates unambiguous life. Itmust symbolize the “transcendentunion” of essence and existence.How can this be so?On this crucial point Tillich’sthought is quite complicated; togive an adequate statement of itwould be equivalent to summariz¬ing his entire doctrine of God.Since that is not possible I shalltry to make do with a brief — andprobably also obscure — synopsis.God, in Tillich’s conception,is being itself or the “ground andabyss” of everything that has be¬ing. God is not a supernatural all-powerful Being, as he is usuallythought to be in popular religion,but is rather the power of being inwhich everything that is partici¬pates. God is the infinite power ofbeing in which finite beings areboth posited and included. Now,being-itself is not “dead” unitybut ‘lives” in the sense that itseparates itself from itself in finitebeings and simultaneously main¬tains unity by including the finitewithin itself. Symbolically speak¬ing, God “goes out from himself”in positing finite beings and “re¬turns to himself” — preserving hisunity — by restoring the finite tounity with himself. And the specialsymbol for this “movement” oractivity” is the divine Spirit.It is the Spirit ‘in whom God‘goes out from’ himself, the Spiritproceeds from the divine ground.He gives actuality to that whichis potential in the divine groundand ‘outspoken’ in the divinelogos. Through the Spirit the di¬vine fullness is posited in thedivine life as something definite,and at the same time it is reunit¬ed in the divine ground. Thefinite is posited as finite withinthe process of the divine life, butit is reunited with the infinite in the same process. (Vol. I, p.251.)What does this have to do withunambiguous life? God as beingitself is beyond the distinction be¬tween potentiality and actualityand therefore also beyond the splitbetween essence and existence.These occur within being-itself, butthey do not destroy the unity ofbeing-itself. In the ground of being,in other words, or within the “life”of God, there is a “transcendentunion” of potentiality and actualityand of essence and existence; in thedivine life estrangement is over¬come. This is the sense in which itcan be said, symbolically, that thedivine Spirit creates unambiguouslife. Tillich’s thought on this mat¬ter, however, can easily be miscon¬strued. He does not mean that be¬cause of the activity of the divineSpirit man’s actual life is, or evencan be, unambiguous. To say thatestrangement cannot ultimately bevictorious — it cannot destroy theground of being — does not meanthat man is in fact reunited withhis essential nature. For in h i sanxiety, which is part of his essen¬tial nature, man continues to dis¬rupt himself and to fall intoestrangement. Man’s participationin unambiguous life — the “tran¬scendent union” of essence and ex¬istence — is therefore always frag¬mentary, never complete. The di¬vine Spirit, as the re-uniting activ¬ity of God, does not abolish thestruggle between essence and exist¬ence; rather, it is the power withwhich man carries on the battleagainst self-destruction. It makespossible man’s struggle against theevil he himself produces, but it doesnot remove evil. Moreover, there isnot even any assurance that manwill not or cannot destroy himself.There is no guarantee, e.g., that hewill not exterminate himself in anatomic war! All that the symbolof the Spiritual Presence implies isthat man does not have to destroyhimself; he could do otherwise!And this is how the divine Spirit“answers” the “question” posed bylife.Such is the gist of Tillich’s wayof doing theology as it is expressedin the correlation between life andthe symbol of the divine Spirit.Now, what in it is likely to arousecontroversy? I think there is aproblem of interpretation raised byTillich’s discussion of special in¬stances of ambiguity in human life.There is a lack of clarity whichcould lend support to the chargethat his views are “gnostic,” i.e.,that he denies the Christian doc¬trine of goodness of creation. Con¬sider, for example, the followingpassage concerning language andthe subject-object dichotomy:The subject-object cleavage un¬derlies language. Our enumera¬tion of its ambiguities . . . canbe summed up in the statementthat no language is possiblewithout the subject-object cleav¬age and that language is continu¬ously brought to self-defeat bythis very cleavage. In theonomy,language is fragmentarily liber¬ated from the bondage to thesubject-object scheme. (Vol. Ill,p. 253.).The problem is that it is clearlypossible to interpret this passage(To page two) •HIS SEARCH FOR HUMILITYMARKINGS, by Dag Hammar-skjold. Translated from theSwedish by Leif Sjoberg andW. H. Auden. Alfred A. Knopf,196If, 222 pages, $'f.95.From a standpoint of politicalscience or history, the diary ofDag Hammarskjold has almostnothing to offer, but for anyonewho is interested in philosophy,psychology or religion, it will verylikely provide fascinating reading.Markings is the autobiography ofthe inner man; Hammarskjold him¬self terms it “a sort of white bookconcerning my negotiations withmyself and with God.” In it he setsforth the ideals of his religiousfaith and records, usually in briefor even epigrammatic statements,moments of what might be called“spiritual consciousness.” They aresometimes moments of inspiration,or philosophic calm; yet there arealso numerous occasions on whichhe expresses a bitter dissatisfac¬tion — not with God, but with him¬self. The picture which emerges isthat of a man with tremendouslyhigh ideals but a punishing sense ofconscience. Though he chastiseshimself for the vanity of his “self¬ishness,” he confesses a great lone¬liness and a profound attraction todeath. Yet suicide is viewed as adangerous temptation because itwould be “an act of treacheryagainst life.” He repeatedly assertsthe necessity of “saying Yes tolife” and of becoming “entirely in¬different to yourself through anabsolute assent to your fate.”Hammarskjold began the diaryin 1925, as a young man of twenty,and at that time intended it forhis own spiritual guidance alone.(His own title for these notes, Var-marken. can be more literallytranslated as “trail marks” or“guide posts.”) He continued it un¬til his sudden death in 1961, and(From page one)to mean that the subject-objectstructure of reason is ipso factoambiguous. But. since the subject-object structure of reason is, ac¬cording to Tillich, an element ofessential being, i.e., of finitude,then it follows that finitude itselfis ambiguous. In other words,man’s essential nature — quiteapart from estrangement and dis¬ruption — is ambiguous. Simply tobe is to be ambiguous! If finitudeas such is ambiguous, then unam¬biguous life could only be the ab-From llie EditorThe Office of the Dean of Stu¬dents has sponsored this MaroonLiterary Review. We are gratefulfor their support.While the Literary Review is noteditorially related to the ChicagoReview, wo at the Maroon feel thatthe Chicago Review is eminentlydeserving of campus-wide support.The current double-issue, featuringChicago writers and artists, willbe of particular interest to Uni¬versity readers.Martin ft. MiehuelsonEditor at some point in his later years de¬cided to leave it for publicationafter his death. W. H. Auden, whenasked to undertake a translationinto English, accepted on thegrounds that a collaborator couldbe found who “(a) was Swedish,(b) knew English well enough togive me a list of alternative wordsto choose among when the originalSwedish word has overtones thatare not exactly matchable in Eng¬lish, and (c) would be self-effacingenough to be willing to give me aliteral word by word translationwithout trying to do my part ofIhe job as well.” (This Auden tellsus in his foreword — which, by theway, offers an interesting perspec¬tive on Mr. Hammarskjold’s char¬acter.) These exacting qualifica¬tions were all the more importantin view of the fact that there ispoetry as well as prose to be trans¬lated; Hammarskjold made someof his entries in the form of poetryand in 1959 even went off on a jagof writing haiku, having recentlybecome fascinated with the form.Apparently Mr. Sjorberg filled thebill, and though I have no way ofjudging how closely the translationapproaches the original, it certain¬ly does not seem to suffer fromany lack of fluency or clarity. Inhis translation of the haiku, Audeneven managed to preserve the pre¬scribed sum total of seventeen syl¬lables. Trusting that his versiondoes capture something of the es¬sential tone of the original, I giveyou by way of illustration twowhich I particularly liked:The boy in the forestThrows off his best Sunday suitAnd plays naked.♦ # *The fountain plays.Among white peoniesThe digger wasp goes hunting.* • • The entries which I found mostimpressive were those which com¬bined something of the depth ofHammarskjold’s religious feelingwith the fineness of his poetic sensi¬bilities. Humility represented forhim a supreme ideal, but rarely ishe so much at peace with himselfin the contemplation and pui*suit ofthis ideal as in the following pas¬sage:To have humility is to experi¬ence reality, not in relation toourselves, but in its sacred inde¬pendence. It is to see, judge, andact from the point of rest in our¬selves. Then, how' much disap¬pears, and all that remains fallsinto place.In the point of rest at the cen¬ter of our being, we encounter aworld where all things are atrest in the same way. Then a treebecomes a mystery, a cloud arevelation, each man a cosmos ofwhose riches we can only catchglimpses. The life of simplicity issimple, but it opens to us a bookin which we never get beyond t hefirst syllable.More often, however, the feelingexpressed is one of frustration.These statements are perhaps lesseloquent, but in a way more inter¬esting (and more common in ourown experience):How well I understand the mir¬ror symbolism in Cocteau’sOrphee. To break through thebarrier which, when I encounterreality, prevents my encounter¬ing myself ... Is my contactwith others anything more thana contact with reflections? Whoor what can give me the powerto transfoim the mirror into adoorway?Or, at a time when he wras servingas Seerelary-General for the UnitedNations:GOD IN OUR TIMEsence of life. Paradoxically, forman to have unambiguous life hecould not live at all, since life isessentially finite and therefore also— according to this interpretation— necessarily ambiguous. The di¬vine Spirit would have to be under¬stood as overcoming not onlyestrangement but finite being alto¬gether! Symbolically speaking, Godwould have created ambiguity —he would be the cause of evil —and he could overcome it only byeliminating his own creation. Ifthis interpretation of Tillich is cor¬rect, then he is guilty of the chargeof gnosticism.It must be conceded that the pas¬sage cited is unclear and that it isopen to such an interpretation.Nevertheless, I think the inter¬pretation cannot be maintained.For if our summary of Tillich’sthought is accurate to any degreewhatsoever, then one thing is ob¬vious: in creating unambiguous lifethe divine Spirit does not negateman’s essential structure. Rather,the divine Spirit “works” to over¬ come the gap between man’s essen¬tial nature and his disrupted exist¬ence. It drives man toward the ful¬fillment of his potentiality, or therealization of his essential nature,and not toward the removal of thisessential nature. The divine Spiritaffirms — it does not negate —the essential structures of being.Life’s ambiguity consists not in itsfinitude as such but in the disrup¬tion of the structures of finitude.To complete this case, however,and to refute the gnostic inter¬pretation, it is necessary to explainhow Tillich can speak of “libera¬tion” from the subject - objectscheme. I think this can be done bydistinguishing between the subject-object structure of reason (a struc¬tural element of essential being)and what Tillich refers to as thesubject-object “cleavage.” The sub¬ject-object structure of reason isnot ambiguous. But, like any otherstructural element of essential be¬ing, it is disrupted under the condi¬tions of estrangement. In estrange¬ment, then, the subject-object Clad in this “self,” the creationof irresponsible and ignorant per¬sons, meaningless honors, andcatalogued acts — strapped intothe strait jacket of the immedi¬ate.In light of these remarks, our sym¬pathy for the man is all the greater,I think, when we recall his unfail¬ing patience and calmness in hisrole as a diplomat.It is interesting, too, to see howhe combines certain features ofCalvinism and modern Existential¬ism in working out his own doc¬trine. He affirms that for each manthere is a calling, foreordained byGod, but holds that we have theoption of accepting or rejectingthat role, since we do create theself which we become. (“Body andsoul contain a thousand possibili¬ties out of which you can buildmany I’s. But in only one of themis there a congruence of the electorand the elected.”) Further, hecounsels himself to seek the mean¬ing in life “by daring to take theleap . . .” but not into the anythingwhich he calls the Unknown, it israther the leap into “unconditionalobedience.”A diary, unlike a work of fiction,represents its author directly, andif this Is a remarkable book, it islargely because Dag Hammarskjoldwas a remarkable man. You mayfind, as I did, that a good deal ofthe material becomes repetitious ordull, but there is no harm done inskipping over sections which ap¬pear uninteresting. And I think youwill agree that the better materialIs ample reward for whateveramount of time you give to thebook.Katherine BaileyMiss Bailey ut a student in the Coll* yemajoring in General Studies in theHumanities.structure loses its unity and be¬comes a “cleavage” — a cleavagein which knowledge of the objectby the subject is impossible. Thusin actual being the subject-objectscheme is ambiguous, and the di¬vine Spirit can be understood asrestoring it to its essential unityrather than as removing it alto¬gether. In this case the fact thatknowledge is possible testifies tothe fragmentary presence of thedivine Spirit.A review of this sort can barelytouch upon the full meaning ofProfessor Tillich’s theologicalthough. The tremendous depth aqdbreadth of Systematic Theologycan be appreciated only by turningnot just to this volume but to thetwo preceding volumes as well. In¬deed, they are required reading foranyone interested in the question:What is contemporary Protestanttheology all about?Clark KuchemanMr. Kucheman is on the faculty of theDivinity School at the University ofChicago.Page 2 CHICAGO MAROON LITERARY REVIEW January 22, 1965CAUTION AND CONFIDENCEFOR THE UNION DEAD, byRobert Lowell, Farrar, Straussand Giroux, New York, 196If,$3.95.Approaching fifty, a man be¬comes aware of Time and Change,not as concepts, but as companionsand bed-fellows. For a while thereart* occupations and manias whichpartially hide the recognition, butlittle by little the realization thatneither the interior nor the exteriorworld is the same as they oncewere obtrudes and displaces allother possible ways of seeing. Theman recognizes the signs of change— the slowing down and decay —in himself and projects it onto theoutside world; he sees the worldchange shape around him and rec¬ognizes there the mirror of his ownchange and the symbolization of atthe same time an inevitable muta¬bility and a natural if coldly imper¬sonal continuum. And this is as itshould be, for the poet who will notaccept inexorable and persistentflow of time and decay of mattermust either die young, like Keats,stop writing, like Rimbaud, or en¬ter the realms of abstract philos¬ophy, like Stevens. The figure ofEdward Cummings is, in our owntime, .sadly ridiculous, for his poemsnever change, though at seventythe figure of the poet should notbe the virile youth, and as muchas his early poems were charminghis last ones were out of place. Thetrue relation of man to time is notthe unreal ignoring of it and thevain attempt to arrest it by therepetition of acts once done, butthe coming to an understandingthat it stops for no man. For ifTolstoy’s historicism is no easything for a man to assimilate tohimself, it is nonetheless closer tothe fact.Robert Lowell is approachingfifty, and his latest volume ofpoems is pervaded by a rage fororder — his earlier rage for rage issomething as undesirable now as itis unrecapturable. He is by nomeans an old man, certainly notan old poet (by all rights his mostcreative and most mature periodshould just be beginning), but hehas reached the time of life atwhich the change in body and thechange in what is perceived of thew'orld around indicates that the dis¬order of the past is necessarily fin¬ished and that the future is directedtoward some definite (if unknown)end. For the Union Dead is the po¬etry of the man who is at the posi¬tion from which he can see the pastwith detachment and understand¬ing mingled with a sort of wonder¬ ing regret and the future with acalmness and poise that are learnedof both experience and necessity.At age forty-seven Lowell cansee past and future and asks “Whatnext, what next?” This book ofpoems proposes no answrer, norshould it. In all ways it is repre¬sentative of the poet in middle age— middle stylistically, middle the¬matically, mid-way between twToworlds with two different sets ofrules and moods. This is poetry ofthe period of marking time — notstagnation, but a very delicate,somewhat uncertain mood of re¬capitulation, retrenchment, and thewaiting for the second phase to be¬gin. It is a slim volume, but asingularly appropriate one, its slim¬ness almost approaching the mere¬ly slight, though in fact no morepoems could be written in thismood of transition — it is a slighttime of life and demands a slim andcarefully chosen collection of poemsto represent it.In its own way the book is astrange one: of only thirty-fivepoems one is a poem from LifeStudies reprinted with a previouslycancelled stanza, one a reworkingof a poem from The Mills of theKavauauglis, and, strangest of all,the title poem is an exact reprintof the final poem of Life Studies.There are excellent reasons forthat which might appear mere lazi¬ness and the desire to pad a shortselection of verse, and it is to Mr.Lowell’s credit that he had thecourage to return to what couldseem old and even dead work. Apoet’s work is never dead, nor, ifit is appropriate, is it even old. Thefourteen lines he removed from“Beyond the Alps,” with their an¬chor in Rome of Augustus’ time,fix the sensation of decline and de¬cay in an historical perspective thatis coincident and central to themood of the entire book. “For theUnion Dead,” with its. . . thousand small town NewEngland greens, the old whitechurches hold their air of sparse,sincere rebellion; frayed flagsquilt the graveyards of the GrandAnny of the Republic.The stone statues of the abstractUnion Soldier grow slimmer andyounger each year—wasp-wasted, they doze over musketsand muse through their side¬burns. . . .is so much a part of this poetry ofleaf dust and chipping paint thatin retrospect it seems strange thatit appeared in Life Studies at all,and the position wre must assign itis that of the transition from the period of personal rage that volumerepresents to the “sadder but wiser”feeling of this book. To say that“For the Union Dead” is an exacttranscription of the poem in LifeStudies is not quite correct: oneword (only) is different, but, aswith many minute differences innew versions of old poems, signifi¬cant of a change in attitude. The“wasp-wasted” of this poem wasoriginally “wasp-waisted,” andwhile the pun was intended in theearlier version, the explicitness ofthe later one is in a small way in¬dicative of a new understandingand companionship with thosethings that are falling out of re¬pair.“The Public Garden” is, as Lowt-ell himself says, “ a recasting andclarification of an old confusingpoem of mine called ‘David andBathsheba in the Public Garden.’ ”The latter poem is in a religiousand mythical vein that, while suit¬able to the preconceptions of ayounger poet preoccupied basicallywith other matters, is jarring tothe sensibilities of an older poetwith the ability to see things in atruer proportion. That the poem isrew'orked at all is a function of itsaffinity to the thoughts of the poetof this new volume; and w'hat wasobscured by the allusory manner ofthe earlier poem is made clear inthe revision:Burnished, burned-out, still burn¬ing as the yearyou lead me to our stampingground. . . .. . . the jaded flockof swanboats paddles to its dock.The park is drying.. . . Everything's aground.Remember summer?. .. We drownedin Eden, while Jehovah’s grass-green lyrewas rustling all about as in theleaves.that gurgled by us, turning up¬side down . . .The fountain’s failing wathersflash aroundthe garden. Nothing catches fire.Other familiar material is here:there is another Jonathan Edwardspoem, this time lacking the desper¬ate, furious qualities of “After theSurprising Conversions” and “Mr.Edw'ards and the Spider” — thistime a poem of great urbanity andeven sympathy for a man caughtas much out of time and place asLowell himself is coming to feel.The emphasis is no longer on faithand damnation, but on the situationof a man displaced from the worldby his commitment to the un¬worldly. I love you faded,old, exiled and afraidto leave your last flock, a dozenHoussatonic Indian children;afraid to leaveall your writing, writing, wait¬ing. . . .His reconciliation, in a sense, withEdwards is through the recognitionof a mortality he shares with aman dead more than two hundredyears, a recognition he has justcome to realize.There is new' material, too, allurbane, very deliberate, reflective,and leisurely in the slowness of onewho, having been unconscious oftime until suddenly he in one mo¬ment notices the passage of a greatdeal ot it, contemplates its passageand finds those moments (particu¬larly in autumn) in which, if itdoes not stop, it at least moves witha slowness and deliberation almostseeming to be regulated by the mancontemplating it. Seven or eight ofthe poems are particularly repre¬sentative of this new7 mood of thepoet, not divorced from time, norcrushed by its passage, but feelinghimself within a larger contextmoving as a whole through time.“Water” with its:The sea drenched the rockat our feet all day,and kept tearing awayflake after flake. . . .“The Old Flame”Health to the new' people,health to their flag, to their oldrestored house on the hill!Everything had been .swept bare,furnished, garnished and aired.Everything’s changed for thebest —how quivering and fierce wewere. . . .“Those Before Us”Sands drop from the hour-glasswaist and swallow tail.We follow their gunshy shadowsdown the trail —those before us- Pardon them forexisting.W e have stopped w atching them.They have stopped watching.Poems like “Returning" and “Go¬ing to and fro” mostly in shortlines, shifting rhythms and false ornear rhymes, all mirroring the cau¬tion, uncertainty of mind, but con¬fidence of skill and judgment thatnow; make up Robert Lowell’s placein life and as a poet. With greatdelicacy of sensitivity and expres¬sion he has been able to capture,in this small collection of poems, adifficult and elusive state of mindand period of life.Jame Stephen McMurphyMr. McMurphy is a student in theCollege majoring in English.FOR THE UNION LIVINGLABOR AND THE PUBLIC IN¬TEREST, by W. Willard Wirtz,Harper & Row, 196It, 211 pages,$3.95.This book is a collection ofspeeches made at conventions, con¬ferences, and commencements dur¬ing the author’s service as Under¬secretary and later Secretary ofLabor in the Kennedy and Johnsonadministrations. The main themesare labor unions and collective bar¬gaining, unemployment and auto¬mation, race relations and educa¬tion.As those w'ho have heard theSecretary speak well know, h i stalks are eloquent, sincere, andoften witty, reminding one at timesof his former law partner Ambas¬sador Stevenson. His style is wellillustrated by his comment on therelation between between affluenceand conservatism; “change is amore welcome guest on a bare floorthan on wall-to-wall carpeting” (p.11), and by his wry remark on ur¬ ban renewal, “buildings are notcondemned until they have beenlived in by condemned people” (p.133).The policies advocated are sel¬dom surprising to one familiarwith administration programs overthe past four years. However, thereare some points of special emphasisworth noting. Again and again, Mr.Wirtz calls for the expansion ofeducation, especially for the under¬privileged, and for Federal aid inthis expansion. He is strongly com¬mitted to full employment as themajor goal of economic policy; inthis his emphasis differs from thatof his economist colleagues in theadministration, who are inclinedto give equal weight to combattingpotentia! inflation and maintain¬ing the foreign exchange value ofthe dollar. At times Mr. Wirtztakes positions that will not bepopular with the audience he is ad¬dressing, as when he opposes theshorter statutory work week be¬ fore a convention of the AFL-CIO.chides a building-trades uniongroup for the lack of non-w hite ap¬prentices in the skilled trades, ortells an Urban League gatheringthat there will be “loss, not gain,from any person’s demanding orreceiving a job for which he is notqualified” (p. 115).His views on automation are insharp contrast to those of RobertM. Hutchins, and appear to me tobe far more reasonable. He is astrong advocate of policies de¬signed to retrain and relocate thosedisplaced by automation and othertypes of economic change. How'-ever his basic position is one ofoptimism, best illustrated in thispassage:“Millions of people in this coun¬try today are seriously concernedabout w hether there is going to beenough work to go around. This isa false fear. We may or may notprove walling and able to make the decisions necessary to maintainfull employment. I think we will.But if we fail to achieve full em¬ployment, it will be for lack ofcourage and common sense, not forlack of work to be done.” (p. 139.Recent Washington rumor hasSecretary Wirtz slated for evenmore importance in the next fouryears than in the last, and fewrreaders of this book will not feelthat this is for the good. Hisspeeches convey his intelligence,courage, and deep concern for hu¬man problems. Yet it must be ad¬mitted that speeches are almost al¬ways better heard one at a time inthe context for w'hich they are in¬tended than gathered between hardcovers. Taken singly these talksare a delight; twenty-five togetherwill strike many readers as a sur¬feit,Albert ReesMr. Rees is Professor of Economics atthe University of Chicago.January 22, 1965 CHICAGO MAROON LITERARY REVIEW Page 3» 4LIVING INTO METAPHORTHE HUMAN METAPHOR, Eliz¬abeth Sewell, University ofNotre Dame Press.Poets, or friends of poetry, havefairly consistently been on the de¬fense. Aristotle tried to meet someof Plato’s attacks; Sidney respond¬ed to those whose religious zealcaused them to see poetry as vainand idle; and Shelley struggled toaffirm the value and power of po¬etry in a world whose increasingscientism, industrialization, andsuspicion of tradition made it seemincreasingly irrelevant. Despite theefforts of Matthew Arnold andsome of the distinguished poet-critics of our time, the various de¬fenses have been futile: poetry isless read by the literate than everbefore in the history of the West,and those who do read it often doso badly. The reading public mustshare the responsibility for thisunfortunate state of affairs withthe poets themselves, most ofwhom have wandered off to em¬brace the pleasures of the academyor mescaline. Playing it safe onany level never produced great art,so we are inundated with floods ofslick minor poems — those thatmean nothing prettily. Occasional¬ly when a Lowell or Roethkebreaks through the porcelain cur¬tain. one mumbles thanks for themind’s vagaries and greenhouses inMichigan.Thus, anyone interested in poet¬ry can only be thankful for bookslike Miss Sewell’s; a poet and criticof great erudition and sensitivity,she cares, and she cares especiallyabout poetry’s special relationshipto life. Her effort, as her title sug¬gests, is to explore that relation¬ship and to show how both poetryand experience are the poorerwhen the vital connection betweenthem is struck. “Animals can oper¬ate intelligently,” she tells us,“computers can compute, but tofigure with the living self in thepower of metaphor is the specificprerogative and unique potentialof human beings.” Any reader ofSusan Langer, or of her mentorCassirer, will immediately see thatMiss Sewell’s point is somewhatderivative, but an age that pro¬duced ‘Winston tastes good like acigarette should,” or “Try a puffof springtime” may need occasion¬al reminding about the power ofmetaphor.Metaohorical power has atro¬phied, Miss Sewel suggests, be¬cause of the mechanization andrigidification of modern thought.She points to the slogan of IBM (THINK!) as an instance of thecleavage between rational, directedprocesses of thought and the mys¬terious universe in which theymust be carried on. Surely, MissSewell feels, some capacity of mindmust stand between chaos and theadding machine. Some “middleterm” has been lost to us, “The un¬conscious use of metaphor whichadmits the phenomenal world as ameans of thought.”Not that she is attacking sci¬ence; indeed, she feels firmly thatscience is no less dependent onfiguration than poetry, that all in¬tellective method is a function ofbelieving consciously or un¬consciously in a set of metaphorsthat define, and so constitute, real¬ity for us; metaphors “which shallassist in the interpretation of theworld and the mind, in terms ofone another. . . In one of hermost interesting chapters, MissSewell then analyzes the figureswhich have served scientists asbasic metaphors for nature. Shefinds that the figure of nature asmachine is a fairly late arrival,and that it has already been re¬jected by working scientists as in¬adequate — the news one gathershas not yet reached IBM. The newfigure at work behind scientificresearch is that of nature as ‘agreat thought” rather than a greatmachine. Thus an inquiry wouldseem essential. Miss Sewell feelsthat poetry is the ideal vehicle forsuch inquiry, for when the “mindfigures” it “can always contem¬plate itself under those figures.”By using metaphors it has cre¬atively engendered, the mind canthus find out about itself as wellas those areas of inner and outerdistance between which the selfand its figures mediate.Just precisely what the mindmay hope to discover about itselfor anything else is not made abun¬dantly clear, but readers of moderncriticism — say of Richards andCroce — will, for varying reasons,feel that they are catching MissSewell’s drift, and armed w’ith thiscertainty they will move along ap¬plauding much en route; her stim¬ulating discussion of the prevailingmetaphors of mental operation innineteenth century poetry, as wellas her acute comments on Blake,Wordsworth, and Coleridge. But inthe second pail of her book, MissSewell liecomes more difficult tofollow. There the focus changesfrom the idea of using metaphor asa method for defining and explor¬ing reality to ‘the ‘possibility that the individual human life, seen inits totality in so far as that is pos¬sible, may in its turn form oneterm of a metaphor and be an in¬strument, therefore, for diviningor interpreting something beyonditself”; in short, that a given hu¬man life experience may constitutea figure working itself out in time,may exemplify what Miss Sewellcalls “myth.”To explore this view — essential¬ly an analogical extension of heridea of metaphor, and one whichseems much indebted to KennethBurke — Miss Sewell focuses onSchopenhauer’s thought and usesit to illuminate the work and ca¬reer of two poets whom she feelslived their 'lives as poems”: Keatsand Milton. She tries to demon¬strate a similar rhythm and struc¬ture in their very different lives.Keats and Milton have in common,she declares, “conscious dedicationof the life to poetry ... a markeddegree of involvement with . . .life . . .; a great deal of suffering;and by the time death approachessomething like a spectacle or senseof failure.” She sees them as fig¬ures of heroic suffering and effort,and emphasizes not the “fanfareand triumph” of heroism, but its“immense transformation of powerat the point of weakness and pain.”This rhythm, this relationship ofweakness and seeming defeat tovisionary and creative expansive¬ness, Miss Sewell relates to whatshe calls the “tragic cast” of West¬ern poetry.Now despite some fine analysesof Keats and of Samson Agonistes,one wonders if all of this holds up.The relationship between metaphoras poetic construct, and metaphoras a shape of human identity seemsinadequately explained — onewishes for something like the sus¬tained argument Burke makes forthis point in his Philosophy of Lit¬erary Form. But granting somevalidity to this idea, and to itscorollary; that one may choose andlive into the life-myth of one’schoosing, one must seriously ques¬tion her establishment of themythic realities she discusses.As evidence for the parallel, forexample, Miss Sewell asserts be¬tween Keats and Milton, she firstquotes the famous Keatsian decla¬ration, “A man’s life of any worthis a continual allegory”; and thenquotes from a Milton pamphlet of1642 that the good poet “oughthimself to be a true poem.” I doubtthat Milton means by “true poem”what Keats meant by “allegory.” Here as elsewhere Miss Sewell es¬chews history in her analyses andparallels. Great metaphors c a nmean differently at different timesand man’s very conception of whatit means to “figure” — as ErichAuerbach has demonstrated — canalter. The historical insight sostrongly established in the firstpart of her book, seems abandonedin the second.The discussion of the mythicrhythm of heroic suffering is fol¬lowed by Miss Sewell’s considera¬tion of a second “crossing point’’between inner and outer existence,“the figure of love and death.’’Basing her discussion on illuminat¬ing analyses of Rilke, Freud, andNovalis, she tries to show the es¬sential relationship between loveand destruction. She is unhappyabout the modem tendency towarddehumanized sexuality and feelsthat we need to pay attention towhat the poets have writtenabout love and death and furtherdevelop their figures as a meansof exploring and changing o u rlives. Miss Sewell has certainlypointed to-a vital issue. But if oneconsiders her remarks in the lightof the recent work of Nor m a nBrown and Herbert Marcuse, herview seems almost naive. Preciselyhow can the poets help us? Howprecisely can metaphoric explora¬tion affect life alterations? I amnot denying the possibility; I amsimply left unclear about exactlywhat Miss Sewell is saying.One feels uncertain about atleast two other points as well. As¬suming that one can ‘live into” hu¬man metaphors, which ones shallwe choose? How are we to evalu¬ate which metaphors are mostworthy of our existential commit¬ment? Further, why has Miss Sew¬ell chosen these metaphors (heroicsuffering, love-death) for discus¬sion? Is it accidental that themyths and metaphors that claimher attention comport so admira¬bly with certain religious view¬points? In her introduction, MissSewell candidly observes, “Whatyou take for granted is also whatyou are looking for.” Her selectionof materials might seem to affirmthis methodological difficulty. MissSewell’s book raises more questionsthan it answers, but her questionsare very much worth raising. Sheasks them with grace and with agenuine concern for poetry thatone can only applaud.Ronald WeinerMr. Weiner is assistant professor inthe de/xirtment of Language, Litera¬ture and Philosophy at Illinois Insti¬tute of Technology. S 1•> i\ >% I* I« t* >> 4I *I *MUSICAL BEDSTHE ITALIAN GIRL, by IrisMurdoch, Viking Press, 196If,$4.50.“Good morning, gentlemen. Thisis the last cl a s s period in mycourse in British and AmericanFormula Writing, and it will bedevoted to the topic of How toWrite the Iris Murdoch Novel. Itrust that you have all read thebooks assigned for this lecture —A Severed Head, The Unicorn, andThe Italian Girl — for I intend tomake many references to thesepopular works of fiction. Miss Mur¬doch is, as many of you may know,a very popular novelist, and onerather off the well-trodden path ofthe modern psychological novel. The use of her formula, gentlemen,may well be your ticket, as it washers, to the pinnacle of fame andBook-of-the-Month Club selection.“Miss Murdoch’s claim to recog¬nition is based upon her importantinnovation of combining theGothic style of the early nineteenthcentury with the Musical Bedsnovel of our own time. When wediscussed the Musical Beds novel inconnection with our study of Har¬old Robbins and Irwin Shaw, wesaw that its main appeal lay (nopun intended) in having as manyattractive characters as possiblesleep with as many others as wouldbe reasonable. As the number ofactive characters in Miss Mur¬ doch’s fiction is rather smallerthan is 'usual in normal MusicalBeds fiction, she makes up for itby increasing the number of per¬mutations and combinations. Thusin A Severed Head, Martin Lynch-Gibbon, her main character, is sex¬ually attracted to his wife Antonia,his mistress Georgie, his wife’spsychiatrist Palmer Anderson, andAnderson’s half-sister Honor Klein.Antonia, again, not only sleepswith her husband, but with hisbrother Alexander and her psychi¬atrist, and is attracted to Georgie.Palmer Anderson, in addition tothe above relations, goes to bedwith Georgie and with his half-sister. In the normal Musical Beds novel, among six people there i •would be from six to ten sexualrelationships; in A Severed Head,there are twenty-five.“In The Unicorn, as we shallsee, sthe Musical Beds element was sub¬ordinated to the Gothic, and so themultifarious sexual relationshipsare repressed, rather than out in » •the open, but in The Italian Girl,sex once again comes into its own.Here the most repressed characterof the novel, Edmund, harbors sex- #ual thoughts for his late mother,his sister-in-law Isabel, his nieceFlora, and a lodger at the Nana-way home, Elsa Levkin. Elsa’sbrother David, moreover, has im- *(To page six)Page 4 CHICAGO MAROON LITERARY REVIEW January 22, 1965THE BENEDICTION: An Incident of the Spanish Civil War'The Pope gave his apostolic* bene¬diction to a group of Spanish gen¬erals from Madrid.'— A.P. dispatch, 1931)'Et nominus ait: Cain, Cain,Cbi Abel? Abel, frater tuus?’*Behold the Bishop of Rome:A saint man and a sage.lie speaketh to urb and orb.The generalsAre blessed. The sword is blessed.Wrapped in white wool, anointedwith the oil,The lion Victorybecomes the Lamb.Ilis voice shall rise amongthe praising choirs.Here in the tolling twilightof the west,Blessing, the Bishop of RomeLays, for a healing unction,balm and oil On bombed Guernicaand on Badajoz.itHere is another twilight,and the same:A pock of earth, a breachof broken stonesAnd silence, shaken only whereSpeaking to urb and orbA voice goes seeking, calling:'Cain, Cain, Cain!Where is your brother Abel?'Abel your brother—where is Abel, Cain?In bombed Guernicaand in BadajozCalling among the ruinsof those stones.From Midnight of the Century,poems by Maurice English. Pub¬lished in 196Jf by Prairie SchoolPress, 117 Fir Street. Park Forest,Illinois. Reprinted vcith permission.THE DRAMATIC IMAGINATIONMIDNIGHT IN THE CENTURY,by Maurice English. The PrairieSchool Press, Park Forest, Illi¬nois, $lf.O n e of the terms or poetic"greatness” is the degree to whicha poet or a poem is technically orimaginatively instructive to otherpoets. The greatness of Cummingsor Eliot or Thomas, for example,derives as much from their utilityto their contemporaries as it doesfrom their intrinsic poetic quality.Critics have been re-evaluatingand disputing the critical worth ofall three in the past few years, butno historian will ever be able toescape the fact of their influenceon and use by the poetry of thetwentieth century. The core ofMaurice English’s book of poems,the long poem entitled "House ofMirrors,” has this kind of great¬ness; it is technically and imagina¬tively instructive in the manner ofconceiving and executing a lyricdrama.This poem is the triumph of hispoetic achievement, and under¬standing its method is central tounderstanding the character of hisbest poetry. Its plot is outlined byits news item epigraph as "a dou¬ble killing, involving the murder ofa young woman known as MaybelleRevere, by a jazz pianist namedDanny Marcus. Marcus complainedof being spied on by unidentifiedpersons.” Maybelle is an inmate inan exotic whorehouse called theHouse of Mirrors; Danny providesmusical accompaniment. The firstsection, in eight tight lines, pro¬vides the lyric context for Danny’smercy killing of Maybelle and thenhis suicide. The context consists offour perspectives on the killing, itscauses, and effects. First, there is the cynical and superficial report"By Telephone to the City Desk.”It begins thus:Look, Barney, this one does it.Ripthe front-page out and writeyourselfa headline. I’d suggest say Cat-house Killer or something likeMur¬der of a Stingy Pigeon OK OK you don’t want the gags,here goes then, it’s a lulu it’sand continues in this tone to givethe story. Here is his treatment ofDanny:. . . Good now listen thisguy Marcus he’s a weirdie allthe whores in this joint say theylikedhim, see and not the way youthinkyou beast you Barney yah OKhe was a quiet kind of slobthey say a gentleman got thatyuk yuk and never monkeyedwitha one of them ...With equal insensibility the re¬porter describes Maybelle and thenconclude "and that’s the way I seeit hell/how can you figure whata nut will do?” This, then, is thepublic perspective on private trag¬edy. The next perspective is Dan¬ny’s, and it takes the prose form ofa letter fragment found in hisroom.A few sentences from that lettergive some idea of the progressionof his mind and motives. It beginsin the middle of a sentence, "look¬ing at me. It is not true I havebeen making things up. . . . Butpeople should not lie about beingable to help, when they mean youmust believe them. . . . It’s nottrue, either, that I can’t help any¬one else, the way I always wantedto. There’s a woman here — Iknow how she feels, how peoplemake her feel. It crawls, that feel¬ing. Looking at you all the time, the way people do. I see the wayshe’s watching me too of course.Not like the others but you’ve gotto be careful dirty miserable stopstopBut Danny emerges from Mr.English’s treatment as a good dealmore than "a wierdie.” He becomesa beautifully delineated and moti¬vated character in four short frag¬mentary paragraphs. And by thispoint the real drama is set up —Danny’s fatally frustrated hopethat he can establish an identityby helping Maybelle. And the nextsection presents the heroine, in"Night Thoughts of Maybelle Re¬vere.” She begins,When that pianist cameWith his still ways and skillAlthough his eyes were kindI knew he came to kill.And the tragic irony is that kill¬ing is the only help for Maybelleand the only way Danny can helpand thereby make his mark. ForMaybelle continues to recount thehorrible dream that occupies bothher waking and sleeping thoughts:For nights of many yearsI’ve had a filthy dream;Men came to couple meAnd each would somehow7 seemTo be some animal,Some pig or horse or bear,Shambling with no soundFrom pen or stall or lair.As her dream unfolds it presentsa history of grotesque violations ofthe human mind and body, violat¬ions so complete that even in herfantasy life, the last refuge of hopeand dignity, she is hounded by thefuries of her depravity. So Dannyhelps her out, and turns to face the•'spies” who doubt and mock him in the mirrors of the house. Tn thislast section of the poem, "TheSpies,” Danny confronts and de¬feats his Nemesis, 'the watchers.”They watch him, of course, fromhis own sick eyes, and so he mustconfront them in the Mirror bed¬room, where they may all watch atonce and where he can destroythem all at once:. . . But he saw and tensed andsmiledAnd raised his gun. All smiled ashe smiled butWith blurring visages and as hescreamedThey all screamed wordlesslythen quickly asThe mirror crashed and splin¬tered and he fell they fell.Mr. English is able to present infive lyric sequences a completetragic experience. He is able toproject our imagination so com¬pletely into the House of Mirrorsincident that we bridge plot gapsand make character connectionsthat his lyric form prohibits himfrom making. By this technique ofengaging our imaginative sym¬pathy with these briefly presentedcharacters he is able to achieveboth the completeness of actionnecessary to drama with the in¬tensity characteristic of the lyric.The instructive aspect of thispoem is its dramatic character. Itseems to provide a direction forverse drama that has not beenheretofore used effectively. Thiselliptical presentation of action isespecially suitable for plot devel¬opment in verse, the artificiality ofwhich has not been overcome inmodern verse drama. The difficul¬ty of casting naturalistic action(To page six)January 22, 1965 CHICAGO MAROON LITERARY REVIEW Page 5A SMASH IN THE RIBSLAST EXIT TO BROOKLYN, byHubert Selby Jr., Grove Press,J96Jf, SO If pa yes, $5.00.The new “pop” novels are receiv¬ing a great deal of attention frombook reviewers across the country.Reactions to such novels are manytimes more interesting, and oftenreveal a good deal more about ourculture, than the novels them¬selves. This is certainly the casewith Hubert Selby Jr.’s new book,Last Exit to Brooklyn, which is atotally worthless piece of writing.The prose is puerile. For exam¬ple:“He just looked out the window.He noticed the many peoplewalking around and sitting onthe benches and rememberedthat it was Saturday and that his friend Sal would be over.Probably with a bottle. Yeah. Salwould be over and they could gethigh. Great! He finished h i sbeer, then went back to the ta¬ble and refilled his glass. Therewas no need to nurse his beernow. Sal should be there by thetime he finished the beer and afew shots would set him straight.He turned the radio up anddrummed on the table with hisfingers. He felt better already.Yeah.”This is a novel in which the prose,plot, and characters are all irrele¬vant to the final purpose of thebook, which is itself lacking in sig¬nificance, meaning, or real distinc¬tion.The action of the novel hobbles along painfully from one violenceto the next until the book endswith a rap in the mouth. The vi¬olence after the first thirty pagesis repetitious and consequently bor¬ing. Everybody gets a knucklesandwich or a smash in the ribs.After the first three or four alleyscenes, depending upon one’sthreshold of pain, one reallycouldn’t care whether Harry, Hy-mie, or Moe get it, since everybodyis getting it or has gotten it al¬ready. Mr. Selby is laboring undera natural as well as literary fallacyin believing that successive vio¬lence is more persuasive than onew ell-aimed kick in the groin. It isa principle of both nature and artthat after the first kick in thegroin, the second one isn’t so bad, and the third one isn’t even felt.All the characters in the novel,male and female, are flawlessly in¬distinguishable. Not only do themen and women manage to lookalike, but they all think, act, andfeel as one poorly sketched, under¬privileged degenerate. The onlydistinct characters I can rememberfrom this urban-renevved cast areHymie and his wife Ada. Hymieis Jewish because he has a sillyname and eats onion rolls andsweet butter. But unfortunatelythis gay delicatessenite never ap¬pears to eat his onion roll, because,alas, he’s been dead for years. Allwe really know about Hymie isthat his widow, Ada, still kisses his(To page seven)MUSICAL BEDS(From page four)pregnated both Flora and Isabel.And so it goes.“You can see, gentlemen, howeasy this trick would be to imitate.One merely chooses a central fig¬ure and five or six other relationsof his, be the relations marital, con¬sanguineous, or otherwise. Then onepairs the people off two at a time,without need to regard the sexesof the individuals, until one hasused each figure at least threetimes. The more closely connectedthe people are, the less trouble itwill be to make their encountersbelievable.“The Gothic style, the way MissMurdoch does it, is just as simpleto achieve. First of all, there mustbe an aura of mystery. This maybe achieved as easy as pie, by sim¬ply keeping the reader in the darkas to the relations (sexual andotherwise) of the characters. Haw¬thorne kept The Marble Faun go¬ing by this device, as did Scott inthe case of Redgauntlet. Not onlydoes this produce the needed mys¬tery, but it makes a rather mimsyplot into a muchness.“Second, make mystery com¬pletely surround at least one char¬ acter. The Levkins in The ItalianGirl and Honor Klein in A SewredHead are all Jews, which in MissMurdoch’s fiction makes them en¬igmatic, secretive, and dark-com¬plected. Whether you gentlemenchoose Jews, American Indians orMulattoes for your women of mys¬tery is up to you, but I would re¬member that Miss Murdoch isusing a convention of romantic lit¬erature which is not lightlybroken. I would remind you ofScott and Cooper’s use of darkladies in their famous fiction, andof Miriam in The Marble Faun.“Last, have your charactersspeak a lot of pretentious nonsense.Combine the latest psychologicaldoctrine with folk myth. This isMiss Murdoch’s way of cloakingher characters in a verbal night, soincomprehensible and therefore soappealing. Here is David Levkin inThe Italian Girl:‘You see, there are two kindsof Jews,’ Levkin went on. ‘Thereare Jews that suffer and theJews that succeed, the dark Jewsand the light Jews. She is adark Jew. I am a light Jew. Iwill work, I will succeed. I willsucceed in art, or else in busi¬ness. I will earn enormous money. I will not remember. Twill not remember anything. Sheis all memory — she remembersso much, she remembers thememories that are not her own.She thinks she is the other ones,the ones that suffer and die. Soshe will suffer, so she will dieyoung, I do fear it. But I willleave all that. I will levitate my¬self in the world. I will leave inthe world of light’Here again is a sample of MissMurdoch’s strange blend of thecharming and the profoundlymeaningless; this time from A Sev¬ered Head:‘Not every love has a courseto run, smooth or otherwise, andthis love has no course at all. Be¬cause of what I am and becauseof what you saw — that night —I have become a terrible objectof fascination to you. I am a sev¬ered head such as primitivetribes and old alchemists used,when they put a piece of gold onthe tongue to make the head ut¬ter prophecies. And perhaps longacquaintance with such an ob¬ject might lead one to a verystrange knowledge indeed. Forknowledge like that one wouldhave paid enough. But that has nothing to do with ordinary loveand ordinary life. As real peopleyou and I just don’t exist foreach other.’“There are other devices ofwhich Miss Murdoch is quite fond— making the male narrators ofher novels cold, loveless men, forexample, or including the recitationof an old legend somewhere, to in¬crease the superstitious, and hencethe universal aspects of the book —but these fine points need not con-corn us here. I trust that what Ihave given you here today willenable you gentlemen to writenovels of this type. Not only willyour Iris Murdoch novel be a fi¬nancial, but also a critical success.May your efforts be crowned bysuch praise as that which the Her¬ald Tribune reviewer gave MissMurdoch’s The Unicom: It isthrough this elevation of incidentinto the pattern of contemplation,this transposition of violence anddepravity into the mystery of suf¬fering, that Iris Murdoch raises herstory to a high level of intellectualand emotional interest.*“I thank you.”David M. RichterMr. Richter is a student in the Collegemajoring in English.(From page five)into the contrivance of verse hasbeen a real problem; Mr. Englishhas hit upon a technique whichshould be able to help resolve it.I discuss this long poem to theexclusion of his other work becauseI conceive it to be central to hisaccomplishment in his first bookof poetry. He is best when he dealswith the dramatic and imagisticambiguities of experience, as hedoes in such poems as “House ofMirrors,” “Memorial Verses.” “TheBenediction,” and “Quand C’estMinuit Dans le Siecle.” His imag¬ination is essentially impressionis¬tic and is most effective when itsimpressions, rather than wit oranalysis, are at the basis of thepoems.Two poems on religion exemplifythis. “The Benediction: An In¬cident of the Spanish Civil War”is an impressionistic and imagisticattack on the moral duplicity of THE DRAMATICthe Roman Catholic church in giv¬ing its benediction to a group ofSpanish generals. The poem con¬cludes,‘Abel your brother — where isAbel, Cain?’In bombed Guernica and inBadajozCalling among the ruins of thosestones.Here are his best devices, the dra¬ma of God and Cain fused withthe image of bombed Guernica (re¬call the Guernica of Picasso) tofinally create a morally grotesqueimage of the blessed generals. In“Summa Theologica,” on the otherhand, where he turns to a kind ofanalytical statement, all that re¬sults is a kind of annoying preten¬tiousness:When God to make creationgashed himselfAnd from his veins the dyingworlds of space IMAGINATIONAnd from his pain the cryingW'orld of thoughtBled as a poisoned ichor downhis thighThe sickness of eternity began.In which we live. And are Hisimages.There is, also, a kind of “liter¬ary” quality to a number of Mr.English’s poems that alienate them,at least, from my sensibility. Oneof the services that the Beat poetshave performed is their constantreminder that poetry is a recordingof life before it is a literary con¬vention. Where Mr. English’s po¬etry fails is where his readingshows through, especially in hisuse of conventions — envoys,epitaphs, parables, epigrams, dia¬logues — for which his talent isnot suited. “Stipulations of a Scar,”for example, is a series of epigramswhich have neither wit nor pro¬fundity — e.g. “We know God only through the lies he tells us.” Thisquality sometimes takes the formof “poetic” and affected diction, asin “Surprising April,” where heuses such expressions as foil forwork, kissing gaze to rhyme withgay haze, light as the brave’s head-feather as a simile, Dawn’s leapingsmile and the land’s dear, its gladdemeanor as metaphors, and heconcludes, unbelievably, by tellingus that after April comes the litttemonth of May!When Mr. English confronts ex¬perience directly and honestly,when he confronts the midnight ofhis imagination, he can be a verygood poet, and when he resorts toliterary convention he can be verybad. Happily, the good poems areso very good that they tendto obliterate the bad from one'smemory.Peter MichelsonMr. Michelson i.% a poet, and editor ofof the Chicago Rcvieio.Page 6 CHICAGO MAROON LITERARY REVIEW January 22, 1965PARADISE EXPERIENCEDWE PARADISE WITHIN, byLouis L. Mnrtz, New Haven andLondon, Yale University Press,196It, 217 pages.In The Paradise Within LouisMnrtz continues his excellent stu¬dies of English religious poetry inthe seventeenth century, this timewith a later group of writers:Vaughan, Traherne, and Milton,and with a different meditativetechnique as background, that ofAugustine. Martz explains how cer¬tain methods of contemplationdrawn from contemporary practiceprovided the organization and lan¬guage used by a writer, or howpoetry mirrored or grew out of theway the artist though about a sub¬ject. The poets who wrote afterthe fall of the monarchy, in placeof the logical development of Loy¬ola’s meditations and the objectiveimagery of ritual, turned rather tothe digressive patterns and subjec¬tive language of Augustine and hisfollowers, of which the Tenth Bookof the Confessions is a prototype,the famous analysis of memory.The Augustinian looks for Godthrough an exploration of his ownmemory, a groping about in its“caves” for traces of God’s Image,lost and almost forgotten sinceAdam turned away from It in theGarden of Eden. The search alsoincludes the natural world and theBible, so that the whole method(From page six)pajamas. This, by the way, is allwe know about Ada. Mr. Selbyleaves the meaning of the scenebetween Ada and the “jammies” tothe sympathy and cultivated sen¬sitivity of a discriminating Amer¬ican public.I would like to believe that some¬where, someplace, a discriminatingand sensitive American public doesexist. The response this novel hasgotten makes me doubt that itdoes. Certainly such a public doesnot exist at Grove Press. Grove hasmaintained for quite some timenow> that it is a cultural phenom¬enon, a necessary counter-force toIhe stodgy academy, responsiblefor and submitting to the very bestin modern literature. It is the self-appointed standard bearer of theAmerican avant-garde. But thepublication of this novel demon¬strates that all it takes to be avant-garde in the eyes of Grove Pressis to write crudely about violence requires the use of the three“Books”: Nature, Scripture, andthe Soul: “The three books are, es¬sentially, one: the revelation givenin the Bible shows man how toread, first nature, and then his ownsoul. That is to say, in August inianterms: man, enlightened by Biblicalrevelation, can grasp the Vestiges,the ‘traces,’ of God in external na¬ture; and from this knowledge hecan then turn inward to find theImage of God within himself.”(Pp. 17-18)This technique accounts for thepeculiar combination, so funda¬mental to Vaughan’s poetry, ofBiblical and natural imagery, whichrepresents a landscape of Ihemind. It explains the structure ofTraherne’s prose Centuries, inwhich the writer goes from theBook of Nature to that of the Soul,though, as in the “unfinished”Fifih Century or in the Prologue,Martz uses a later Augustinian fora guide, Bonaventure. The tech¬nique further provides a rationalefor some of the rhetorical deviceswhich have puzzled earlier critics.The constant digressions and repe¬titions in Vaughan and Trahernereflect the manner in which theAugustinian explores his own mind.With the help of Augustine,Martz has developed a brilliant the¬ory about Vaughan and Traherne,but his chapters on Milton’s Para¬ dise Lost and Paradise Regainedmay cause some controversy, sinceit is perhaps easier to fit a lyricpoem or book of poems into a medi¬tation pattern than the epic, withits large cast of characters anddramatic scenes.On Paradise Lost Martz tries toshow' why Milton arranged in theway he did the traditional inmedias res structure of the epic.Here too Martz finds a journeyback to God, away from the trou¬bled state of fallen man to theinnocence of Eden. Paradise Lostis a “picture with a dark borderbut a blight center. The openingbooks and the closing books pre¬sent the dark border of the worldwe know, in flames, in ruins,” thecenter, “the primitive Image ofpure Nature raising itself by de¬grees, and sparkling through theRubbish, the confusions of the pres¬ent state.” (P. 140) The latterquotation comes from the chaplainof Oliver Cromwell, Peter Sterry.Martz supports his analysis with astudy of the varying styles Miltonuses in Paradise Lost, at the sametime correcting C. S. Lewis’ over¬emphasis on the “ritual style,”which is not as uniform as onemight suppose. The rhetoric of hell,i.e., of the first two books, developsthrough its many similes and allu¬sions a vision of the fallen worldman has made, while the centralA SMASH IN THE RIBSor homosexuality. It demonstratesthat the desire for large profits hasallowed vulgarity and sloppiness toreplace craftsmanship, and noveltyand violence to determine the na¬ture and direction of modern art.That Grove can publish a novel ofsuch embarrassing quality forcesone to question their position andvalues and to reaffirm those valueswhich they are obscuring.Worse, however, than GrovePress’ irresponsibility is the per¬petuation of their lack of valuesin the national book-reviewing col¬umns — a perpetuation which de¬lights the American people. It is acliche that our culture both nur¬tures and thrives upon titillationand shock. Even the reviews insuch a prestigious magazine asTime reflect this symbiotic union.Time will review an embarrassingbook not to inform their public ofits worthlessness, but to capitalizeupon it. Their review of Selby’s book is but one blatant example.They are dishonest in damning thebook as “a hypocrisy just as fla¬grant as the old-fashioned kind thatwrote — for dirty words and **for scenes of sex” since they them¬selves have just described it incharacteristically gamely language:“the climaxes occur . . . when agang of transvestites and theirboy friends get high on gin, Ben¬zedrine and morphine, with ev¬ery ensuing act of sodomy andfellatio described in detail; whena gang of dockworkers, derelictsand degenerates inflict multipleintercourse upon a prostitute ina parking lot so savagely thatshe is killed, with every drop ofbeer, blood, spittle and semen de¬scribed in unrelenting detail.”It is clear that Time does notcritically review a book but walksa fine line between self-righteous¬ness and titillation in the same waythat Grove Press walks the broad books have a much simpler style,appropriate to a primitive state ofinnocence. Martz argues persua¬sively, though he ignores thesimiles and references Milton clus¬ters for the first scene in Paradise.Milton’s strange books on theHeavenly -War remain a minorstumbling block for Martz as forother critics, since Milton placedthem at the center of his “bright”picture, and Martz does not reallyexplain their presence by his quo¬tations from Augustine. One mightalso complain that Martz includesmore quotations and plot sum¬maries than are necessary eitherfor his argument or for the reader.Martz extends his studies ofrhetoric to Paradise Regained,where he contrasts effectivelySatan’s inflated high style withChrist’s middle style, but he weak¬ens his analysis unnecessarily byan analogy made with Virgil’sGeorgies. Numerical similarities arenot enough to convince me thatMilton patterned Paradise Regainedon the Georgies, since the latterlacks any plot or characters. More¬over, Virgil’s occasional grand stylefunctions in a reverse fashion, sup¬porting a positive ideal of thecountry; but Milton puts his grandstyle into the mouth of Satan.Virgilian parallels should not ob-(To page eight)line between art and trash. Both In¬stitutions sell their wares by titil¬lating their audience; one underthe banner of the avant-garde, theother in the name of critical re¬viewing.It is a shame that one majorvoice of the avant-garde has soldout to the commercialism of a bigbusiness like Time Magazine — aninstitution which announces to theAmerican public in so many wordsthat Elizabeth Taylor is a whore,while displaying her bosom in aneight by eleven glossy. But whatis even more of a shame is that theAmerican public is so insensitive itbegs for more. And so Mr. Selbywill publish his next book (he’swriting it now), Grove Press willremain the pretender to the avant-garde, and Time Magazine will sellanother woman and call her awhore.Leonard ShaykinMr. Shaykin is a student in the Collegemajoring in English.January 22, 1965 CHICAGO MAROON LITERARY REVIEW Page 7HALFWAY TO THE MOONHALF-WAY TO THE MOON:NEW WRITINGS FROM RUS¬SIA. Edited by Patricia Blakeand Max Hayward. Holt, Rine¬hart, and Winston.This anthology, according.to edi¬tor Patricia Blake, is intended toprovide an introduction to the so-called “liberal” Soviet writers andtheir work during the period ofcomparative thaw in the SovietUnion during the early sixties. Afirst impulse might be to look forthe authors’ common attributes, totry to find what binds them to¬gether. This approach is encour¬aged by the introduction, whicheven suggests several principlesw hich differentiate t h e liberalsfrom their more conservative col¬leagues. They are supposedly anti-didactic, non-dogmatic. more indi¬vidualistic and experimental, morecomplex: they have supposedly re¬jected the placidly optimistic all¬knowing moralism of socialist real¬ism and replaced positive and neg¬ative characters with those of amore complicated, more human,and less stereotyped variety; mostimportant, they supposedly askquestions.Actually, the writers turn out tobe a much less well-defined groupthan Miss Blake’s remarks imply.Their similarity seems primarilynegative: none of them indulges inblind worship of the existing estab¬lishment. Aside from this, theyhave little in common philosophi¬cally, politically, or stylistically.Yuri Nagiben’s “The Chase” (nothis best story), for example, seemsentirely unrelated to the general¬izations in the introduction. It isbluntly didactic, an unimaginativecondemnation of the bureaucracy;and it is strewn with cliches of situ¬ation, character, and philosophy(“What a full and contented lifea man has with his family! What apity he only knows it when he istorn from them by some evilforce.”) The two major charactersseem dragged from the rough draftof a discarded second-rate socialist-(From page seven)scure the unusual and suggestivethesis Martz has made for ParadiseRegained, which he considers to bea meditation: “The whole poempresents a mind that uses the ‘char¬acters’ to explore the problems andbesetting sins of any potential Sonof God among men: a mind thatconveys the process of temptationby creating what might be called a realist novel. The protagonist, An-toli, is a one-legged war veteranwho has surmounted his handicapand remained unexcelled as a hunt¬er—a humanitarian hunter, ofcourse: he is always fair to hisprey, because he loves animals,and he justifies his killing of themas part of nature’s natural life anddeath cycle. His foil is a maliciousbureaucrat, manager of the gamepreserve, who understands nothingabout hunting, and who envies An-toli because of his outstandingqualities. The story relates a mira¬culous feat of heroism by Antoli,who chases a dangerous poacherfor hours through a forest oncrutches, risking his life but catch¬ing the villain in the end, virtu¬ously turning down an immoralproposal by a farm woman alongthe way!: “Can’t, I’ve got a wifeand two children.”The story could never be consid¬ered “liberal” but for the final par¬agraphs, where Antoli is crushedby his adversary, who kicks himoff the preserve. This resolution isfar from unexpected, and, in fact,nearly anti-climactic, for by thatpoint the reader has had enough ofAntoli’s obnoxious self-righteous¬ness to wish him dead.If the weakest story in the an¬thology is “The Chase,” the bleak¬est is Matryona's Home by Alexan¬der Solzhenitsyn. At first, it seemsan indictment of poverty in con¬temporary rural Russia: conditionsforce women to steal peat from thetrust in order to heat their homesin winter, or which make it neces¬sary to battle with officials foryear's to receive a deserved pen¬sion. Matryona herself is deifiedby the author and her qualities(hard work, endurance, selfless¬ness) are proclaimed crudely asthe salvation of Russia in a codawrhich detracts from the story’s ef¬fectiveness.But a closer look reveals a dif¬ferent theme, perhaps unin¬tentional, which is far more strik¬ing. Besides decrying the condi¬ tions created by an inhumane bu¬reaucracy, “Matryona’s Home”stands as an indictment of the in¬telligentsia. The narrator, a teach¬er returning from a term in a con¬centration camp, lives as a lodgerwith Matryona. Although he isconstantly expressing his indigna¬tion over the conditions to whichshe is forced to submit, he neverlifts a hand to help her. Rather, heis content to marvel at her stam¬ina, which permits her to get uphours before he does and to pre¬pare his breakfast; he condemnsthe system which doesn’t providethe fertilizer necessary for her togrow’ sufficient potatoes, yet takesthe largest (which she kindly of¬fers him) for himself w ithout hesi¬tation.The narrator is not one of thesilent who exist everywhere andwho dominated the Stalin era: hedoes speak out through his writing.Nonetheless, the story points outthe paradox of an intellectual whoeagerly debates on a theoreticalplane, yet abstains from practicalaction (in this case, not even of¬fering to help make breakfast.It must be noted that neither ofthese stories asks questions: bothare directed against some aspectof the status quo, but always inpositive terms; they depict strug¬gles between clearly defined rightand wTong, and although wrongtriumphs in both (thus removingthem at least one step from themainstream of Soviet literature),there is never any doubt as towhere the sympathies of the au¬thor lie, or where those of the read¬er should be.It is only in Yuri Kazakov’s“Adam and Eve” that we find anauthor trying to come to grips withthe true frustration of Soviet lifein the sixties. As a result of its re¬fusal to dole out simple answers tocomplex questions, as well as itssensitive writing, this is easily themost successful piece in the vol¬ume. Kazakov portrays the agonyof a young abstract painter Ageyev: the conflict between hisegoism and his self-doubt, betweenhis rejection of everything criticalof him and his realization that theignorance and hypocrisy of hishostile critics does not necessarilymean that his work is entirely flaw¬less. His struggle for artistic com¬munication is subtly interwovenwltth his inability to communicatewith his girlfriend Vika, who re¬fuses to pacify him by feeding himsoothing lies. The story ends unre¬solved, and it is clear that potentialresolution lies neither in the smugstatements of the critics, nor inAgevev’s self-glorification as thevoice of truth; nor, for that matter,does it lie in Vika, whose tactlesshonesty renders her incapable ofproviding Ageyev with the love heneeds. Ageyev, in fact, is this dis¬sonance, and a resolution to simpleterms wrould destroy his art.There is room neither to discussthe rest of the prose in the volumenor the eighteen poems by Evtu¬shenko, Voznesensky, and others.However, one question does strikeme concerning translation. Trans¬lation of poetry is, in general, ahopeless task; Russian poetry isparticularly difficult. Yet severalof the poems in this book aretranslated in a different, ratherdisturbing manner: they are theproduct of the combined efforts ofpoets who do not know Russian(such as Auden) and a scholarwho does (Max Hayward). I havenot seen the originals, but the factthat theh editors claim them to l>eboth accurate translations and“English poems in their own right”is enough to arouse suspicion.The value of Half-way to theMoon is more historical than aes¬thetic. It cannot be called a bookof “good” short stories; but it doesgive some idea of the problemswhich still afflict Soviet literature,even under the best of politicalconditions.Peter RabinowitxMr. Rabinowitz is a student in the Col¬lege majoring in Russian.PARADISE EXPERIENCEDcontest of styles.” (P. 183) Hiscomments on the language of thepoem, are, as usual, effective,though I think that the theorytends to reduce the characters ofSatan and Christ to figures of alle¬gory. Martz defends his positioncarefully, however; and, as a result,has answers for some of the prob¬lems which have disturbed formercritics: the curious character of the Son of God and the style of thepoem.Aside from a few minor criti¬cisms, The Paradise Within shouldreceive only praise from its read¬ers. The depth and unity Martzgives to this study make it evenbetter than his prize-winningPoetry of Meditation, despite hisadmission that the chapters makesense separately; for, as he hints inthe Preface, Augustine’s mode of inquiry has informed his own an¬alysis. The many quotations andrepetitions of familiar ideas unifythe work and, as in Augustinianmeditation, make the themes moresignificant. By the end the readernot only knows clearly what the“Paradise Within” is but has insome way experienced it himself.Michael MurrinMr. Murrin is instructor of English atthe University of Chicago.*Page 8 CHICAGO MAROON LITERARY REVIEW January 22, 1965kVir.v iff use"louse Liberals Needed To Improve GOP Imageby Bruce Freed“I’ve been through adversity, but I’ve never had to runa beauty contest before,” muttered Charlie Halleck, formerouse Minority leader, commenting on his defeat by Geraldord.Charlie Halleck’s unwittingly ——-——>en observation epitomizes the A after they. u sounded their battle cry, every-eanmg of the recent GOP House one is asking> »Where are tkeadership shift: nicer face but GOP House liberals now?” Theyme voice. have not been heard from sincewith ATT THF talk after the that ,ateful House caucus day,WITH AIAj THE talk arte and their silence was e■pubhean party's November de- evident in the more recent Arends-ole shout the need to revamp Kreli„ghllySe„ whlpShip (ight.d refurbish its policies and im- _ ,, . , ,e, the only step Congressional Looking back after a month,^publicans have taken so far seems that the only contingencys been to change .some of the ^ttle band of liberals failedtors in their cast without touch- ^as ^eir practical in-or the heart of the problem, the ^bihty to influence the rest of thet House Republicans.P‘... .. ... , , Out of step with the rest ofIn all this Machiavellian back- tkejr coueagues before then, theyige maneuvering, the House dropped even further behind afteroderates and liberals under ttfb tkeir blustering show of force, orliant command of New Yorks more a ptly ,ack of forcehn V. Lindsay, issued a liberal11 to arms soon after Gerald WHAT DOES THIS absence of>rd declared war on Charlie Hal- liberal influence mean to the Con-k as part of Ford’s plan to gressional Republican wing?esent a prettier party face. In this time of trial for theTo the public, the liberals de-ired that they hoped to use this>se fight to improve their weaksit ion within House Republicannks and maybe even wring im-rtant policy or committee postncessions from the victor in re¬in for their crucial votes. party, it could have disastrous ef¬fects on the attempts being madeby other GOP liberals and mod¬erates to bring party policies intoline with the needs of the sixtiesand the automated age.But the want of liberal Repub¬lican influence in the Congres¬sional party is tied to the greaterproblem facing the whole party.By failing to present a construc¬tive, positive and moderate legis¬lative opposition, the Republicanswill still display the same nega¬tive face in the press that theyhave worn since Kennedy’s 1960victory.THE ROT in the national Re¬publican Party is so extensivethat any change must be total andinclude the Congressional wing.Change in leadership without aconcurrent change in approachwill leave the party where it isnow and was four years ago —down and out.However, the horizon is not asgloomy as it seems if those push¬ing for major alterations can gainFine Quality CleaningJAMES SCHULTZ CleanerRepoirs & Alterations 5 hr. Service1363 Eost 53rd PL 2-966210% Sttulont Discount with t.D. CardMODEL CAMERAQUALITY 24 HR.DEVELOPINGEXPERT PHOTO ADVICENSA DISCOUNTS342 E. 55th HY 3-9259SOB NELSON MOTORSImport CentreM. G.SpriteTriumphComplete RepairsAnd ServiceFor All Populor ImportsMidway 3-45016040 So. Cottage Grove DR. AARON ZIMBLER, OptometristIN THENEW HYDE PARK SHOPPING CENTER1510 E. 55th St.DO 3-7644 DO 3-6866EYE EXAMINATIONSPRESCRIPTIONS FILLED CONTACT LENSESNEWEST STYLING IN FRAMESStudent & Faculty Discountcharcoal-broiled steaksbroasted chicken*■-616 E. 71st ST.PHONE 483-1668Zi PRICE SALEFor one week only —January 22 to 29Rytex Deckle Edge Vellumwith your name ond address00 single sheets—100 envelopes00 double sheets—100 envelopesRegularly *0°°$399NowJniversity of ChicagoBookstore5802 Ellis Ave. PREVIEW SHOWINGAT THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO0\E NIGHT ONLYFriday, January 22 — 7:30 P. M.International House Auditorium1414 East 59th StreetYOU MUST SEE•. ’•V \ .. »*■’*tSSHHB ►vs* .-itiHA n * * 99The 22 Min. Color Motion PictureProtestant and Orthodox CenterNew York World's Fair—1964-65“ELOQUENT" — Time Mogoxine"IT IS VERY PROBABLY THE BEST FILM AT THE FAIR"—NewsweekPARABLE“PARABLE" was produced for and is owned by The Protestant Councilof the City of New York, 475 Riverside Drive, New York, N Y. 10027.CASTMIME Clarence MitchellMAGNUS Gordon OaslieimWATER CARRIER Vince GenoraNEGRO Roy InmanBALL THROWER Robert OppicePUNCH Tom ErhartJUDY Bertha MayerHANGMAN Arnie WardsMAGICIAN Jack GwynneGIRL Madhur JaffreyExecutive Producer — Fred A. NilesDirectors — Tom Rook and Rolf ForsbergWriter — Rolf ForsbergFilmed in Baraboo, Wisconsin, at the Circus World Museum.Produced by Fred A. Niles, Inc.This preview showing ot the University of Chicogo is sponsored bythe Ecumenical Christian Program at the University of ChicagoADMISSION FREE power and Implement their pro¬posals in all parts of the party.The bright light on the sceneis the Ripon Society, a two-yearold Republican research and pol¬icy organization composed of Har¬vard and MIT professors andgraduate students.In their report issued just be¬fore the Republican Governor’sConference last December, theRipon Society accused formerGOP chairman William Miller ofsubverting attempts of the Repub¬lican governor's last year to be¬come a major voice in shapingparty policy.THIS CHARGE and others In¬cluded in their analysis, whenviewed positively, point to theneed for the Republican gover¬nors to finally exert their latentpower and influence to modernizeparty policy, especially the party’sapproach and legislative standsin the House and Senate. This,and other Ripon Society sugges¬tions on reshaping party policy,should be considered carefully asguidelines for the Republicans’resurrection.While this is only one idea, agreater governors’ voice certainlywould aid the struggling House liberals by bringing other moder¬ate GOP forces to their aidthrough outside pressure.For as long as RepublicanHouse leadership contests remainbeauty matches, the Republicanswill continue to lose when theycome to the national competition.Mrs. Carnovsky servicesA memorial service will be heldSunday at 3:30 pm in Bond Chapelfor Mrs. Marian Willis Satter-thwaite Carnovsky, editorial as¬sistant in the Office of OfficialPublications at UC and editorthe Weekly and Quarterly Calen¬dar, who died January 13, 1965in Billings Hospital.She was the wife of professorLeon Carnovsky of the graduatelibrary school of the University.SNCC will hold an im¬portant general meetingSunday night in Ida Noyesat 7 pm. The agenda willinclude a speaker and a dis¬cussion of the progress andfuture plans of the campus,local, and national chaptersof SNCC.SALE! SALE!JACKETS...JACKETS... JACKETSALL WINTER JACKETSParkas, Lodens, 3h lengths, Nylons, etc.Reduced20%Moke your selections while they lastOPEN TODAY 9 to 9THE STORE FOR MENSfmtnt and Cam punin the Mew Hyde Park Shopping Center1502-06 E. 55th St. Phone 752-8100Jan. 22, 1965 • CHICAGO MAROON • 5CABARET REVIEW MUSIC REVIEWSecond City s newesta splendid surprise The Hoffman method: wrongThe Wrecking BallThe Second City Troupe Cast:Robert BenedettiIan DavidsonJudy GraubartSally HartMarv BobbinOmar ShapliDavid SteinbergDirected by Sheldon PatinkinWilliam Mathieu. composer-pianistAfter having worked up aconviction over the last twoyears that each new SecondCity show would be as stale asthis morning’s Maroon, they hadto go and surprise me. The Wreck-ins Bah. Second City’s seven¬teenth review, managed to com¬bine with the splendidly versatileacting which is the troupe’s hallmark, sharper and more mercuriallines and situations than had beenin evidence in the last four revues.Especially enjoyable were theskits entitled “Man on the Street”and “The Garbage Man:” the for¬mer is a rapid-fire semi-improvi¬sation on the suggested news itemof the sonic boom (Sample com¬ment — “I think it’s jusi wonder¬ful”). The latter is a short dram¬atization of an encounter betweenan apartment-dweller and his stub¬born and scholarly refuse collec¬tor, who discourse on the Idea ofGarbage.What pleased me more, however, than the sharp and topicalsatire, was the infusion of gentlehumor and pathos into such skitsas Parcheesi, where a child’s gamebetween father and daughter be¬comes more than just a game.Sally Hart’s songs, “Caesar’sWife,” and “The Daughter Song,”are wryly probing, but at thesame time tender, touching expo¬sitions of a woman’s soul.INTERPOLATED INTO theoriginal skits is a one-act playby Wolf Mankowitz, It ShouldHappen To A Dog. Billed as “abiblical comic strip in six scenes,”the play reinterprets the Jonahstory as the troubles of a Jewishtraveling salesman whose Godjust won’t get off his back andleave him in peace. David Stein¬berg is perfect as Jonah ben Amit- tai. and the play, although not,as I said, created by the troupe,fits in quite well with the orig¬inal material.The improvisations which fol¬lowed the show, I am sorry tosay. came nowhere near the qual¬ity of the “set” pieces. Far frombeing the most entertaining andoriginal portion of the program,as they were in years past, theywere contrived at best, and atworst, just plain dull. Whichwould seem to bear out my earlierhypothesis that the troufie's act¬ing polish often just serves tocover up a lack of suitable ma¬terial.THE TWO ADDITIONS to lastreview’s cast, Robert Benedettiand Judy Graubart both, by theway, from UC were able, if notparticularly distinguished, in theirtreatment of the parts they took.My slight disappointment withthem stems from the fact that,unlike Mr. Steinberg, their addi¬tion to the company did not seemto affect its tone and flavor. Theylack the slrength of personalitywhich is so obvious in the verybest actors in the troupe, Mr.Shapli and Miss Htvt.Cavilling aside, the new SecondCity review is the best in a long,long time, and I would stronglyrecommend it. It combines theacerbity and the pathos of theGood Old Days, and it would seemto mark the return of the SecondCity to its former excellence.David Richter In a performance of Mo¬zart’s Fifth Violin Concertounique in the annals of music,violinist Erica Morini and con¬ductor Irwin Hoffman, assisted byCCP composers hereTwo composers whose works areto be performed by the Contem¬porary Chamber Players of UC(CCP>, George Perle and HenryWeinberg, will be present at aseminar rehearsal of their worksSereiiiwle for Viola ami Solo In¬struments and Haiku Songs onSaturday at 1 pm. as well as atrehearsals on Sunday at 6:30 andMonday at 7 pm.All will Ik* held in Mandel Halland will lie open to the publicwithout charge.THE CONCERT WILL Ik* heldon Tuesday night in Mandel Hall.In addition to the Perle and Wein¬berg works, the program will in¬clude Schoenberg’s Fantasy forViolin and Piano. Op. 17. Martino sTrio for Violin, Clarinet, and Pi-ami, and Stravinsky’s Septet.Free tickets foi UC students arcavailable at the music departmentoffice, 3802 Woodlawn. Tickets fornon-students are $1; for studentsat other institutions, 50c. The con¬cert begins at S:30. our favorite orchestra, put in anearly but potent bid last week forthe Low Rung of the Year AwardThere are many right ways toplay a piece of music; likewise,there are an infinite number ofwrong ones. One of them wasHoffman’s: the flavorless ty|x* ofcringe-creating musicbox Mozartwhich substitutes cuteness forgrace and effeminacy for delicacy.Miss Morini, meanwhile, was induiging in an entirely unrelated(but equally appalling) interpre¬tation. She approached it as if itwere Tchaikovsky, or, better yet,a sound track to Bartholomew andthe Oobleck. Gushing through thelines, mooing and moaning androaming in and out of tune withthe horns, she seemed to Ik*begging the a u d i e n c e to tossnickels.PERHAPS IT WAS not themost execrable Mozart pt*rform-ance I have ever heard: in theback of my mind is a vague night¬marish memory of Leonard Pen-nario stumbling through the GMajor Sonata without lifting thepedal. But it’s possible that thePennario fiasco has been idealizedthrough the* passage of time. Andsince the concerto had the distinctadvantage of two interpretersttwice as much room to err), onemust give this schizophrenic travesty the benefit of the doubt.Such performances, appearing with alarmingly increasing frequency in Chicago, are simply unacceptable from a major orchestraIt seems past time for the rem¬nants of the audience which stillattend faithfully to demand quality commensurate with prices andtradition. Perhaps refraining from“polite applause” would have aneffect.After the ‘Mozart, a n y t h i n gwould have been anti-climactic.Hoffman chose the DvorakSeventh, one of his strongestworks, with so much emotionaland melodic apjieal that even aforgettable performance is likelyto Ik* a pleasure. Nothing impressive about that interpretation;nothing too much wrong either,except for some overenthusiastictrpmbones who played as if beingj*aid by the decibel.THE OPENER, Hindemith’sNohilissima Visione, was less suecessful, because most of it (ex¬cepting the march and the pass.acaglia) lacks the inherent Interestof the Dvorak. Hindemith’s per¬formance with the same orchestratwo years back proved that a con¬ductor really committed to thelesser moments of the music canmake it come off. But perhapsthis is just one of those scoresthat only a composer could lovePete RabinowitxM W KOOKS KY CAMPUS AUTHORSSigns and Wonders upon Pharaoh by John A, Wilson $5 95Ancient Mesopotamia by A Leo Oppenheim $8.50Great Aspirations by James A Davis $8.95THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO BOOKSTORE5802 Ellis Ave. SAMUEL A. BELL“Kiit# Shell I rum Bell”SINCE 19264701 S. Dorchester Ave.KEnwood 8-3150Koga Gift ShopDistinctive Gift Items From TheOrient and Around The World.1462 E. 53rd St.Chicago 15, Hi.MU 4-6856 C*or on a SludiiojPORTRAITS1312 E. 53rd684-7424PassportPhotos Silk Screen SuppliesA Cn.npleie Snnrce ofARTISTS* ft I T I KI «IS,ytnicm.it \rn p iperfin St RPUES(Wholesale Prices in QuantityOnly)DUNCAN'S1305 E. 53rd ST.HY 3-4111Joseph H. AaronConnecticut MutualLife Insurance Protection135 S. LaSalle St.Ml 3-5986 RA 6-1060 \<s HMATTEROPHARPERmtion store1514 E. 53rd StreetFull line of imported and domesticwines, liquors and beer at lowestprices.FREE DELIVERYPHONE— 1313— 1233— 7699HY 3-6800FA 4 HELP WANTEDStudent coordinator for scholasticemployment program. Requires 3hours per week. Very remunerativeposition. Send brief resume withphone number.Personnel DirectorGeneral Academic Placement101 South Broad StreetPhiladelphia, Pa. 19107 TA hi AM-NANCHINESE - AMERICANRESTAURANTSpecializing inC AVI OYUSU A AHAWUKKAA IMSIIISOPEN DAILY11 A M. to 9:45 P.M.ORDERS TO TAKE OUT1318 East 63rd St. MU 4-1062 ...the man who has a planned SunLife program is in an enviable position.No oqe is better prepared to face thefuture than the man who has providedfor his retirement years and hisfamily's security through life insurance.As a local Sun Life representative, mayI call upon you at your convenience?Ralph J. Wood, Jr.. CLUHyde Park Bank Building, Chicago 15. ttLFAirfa* 4 4800 — FR 2-2390Office Hours 9 to 5 Monday* l Friday*SUN LIFE ASSURANCE COMPANY OF CANADAA MUTUAL COMPANYI£ Phones; RUSH SERVICEavailable when neededMl 3-7447 1013-17HY 3-6863 Across fromServing the Campus I ill 7r- HY 3-6863 A rrn« from R-J^ Serving the Campus since I HI 7 »MAROON • Jan. 22, 1965*H I C A G 0 1000 to 2000 WORDS A MINUTEWITH FULL COMPREHENSION AND RETENTIONYou con read 150-200 pages an hour using the ACCELERATED READING method.You'll learn to read DOWN the page comprehending at speeds of 1,000 to 2,000 words aminute. And retention is excellent. This is NOT a skimming method; you definitely readevery word.You can apply the ACCELERATED READING method to textbooks and factual materialas well as to literature and fiction. The author's style is not lost when you read at thesespeeds. In fact, your accuracy and enjoyment in reading will be increased.Consider what this new reading ability will allow you to accomplish — in your reguiredieaJing and also in the additional reading you want to do.No machines, projectors, or apparatus are used in learning the ACCELERATEDREADING method. In this way the reader avoids developing any dependence upon externalequipment in reading.A class in ACCELERATED READING will be taught on Tuesday evenings at the HotelDel Prado.Be our guest at a 30-minute public demonstration of the ACCELERATED READINGmethod and see it applied.BRING A BOOK!Demonstrations will be held at the HOTEL DEL PRADO, 53rd St. and Hyde Park Blvd.ON: Monday, January 25 at 7:30 P.M.Monday, February 1 at 7:30 P.M.NATIONAL SCHOOL OFACCELERATED READING, INC.18964 Coyfe Street Detroit 35, MichiganLIVELY SHOW I MR. BULOFF FILLS!THE STAGE WITH PATHOS, GROTES-f•ULRIt AND LAUGHTER” I—Tauhman. M. V. TimeilJOSEPH BULOFFa ChekhovsketchbookSPECIAL STUDENT RATEcoupon And $2.25 may be exchanged at the Box Office!bo later than half hoar before performance for regular $3.00 seat. IJimmy’sand the University RoomRESERVED EXCLUSIVELY FOR UNIVERSITY CLIENTELEFifty-Fifth ond Woodlown Ave.GOLD CITY INN"A Gold Mine of Good Food"10% STUDENT DISCOUNTHYDE PARK’S BESTCANTONESE FOOD5228 HARPERHY 3-2559LAKE U P A R K • A T SjRD : N O 7 • 9 O 7 Ithe (A-yde park theatreONE WEEK ONLYStarting Friday, Jan. 22Two ExcellentINGMAR BERGMANMovies“WILD STRAWBERRIES”ond“VIRGIN SPRING”Special Student Rate with I.D. CARDFree Weekend Patron Parking at 5230 S. Lake Park Ave.Matinees Saturday, Sunday and HolidaysOPENING SOONa new folkCOFFEE HOUSEPHASE 11603 E. 53rdfolk-bluesFeb. 5-14BOB GIBSONGinni ClemensDodi KallickTickets Available on Request MAROON (M) WEEKEND GUIDE—Mi SMASH MOUTH ”1Cbkov*’* Sunmlmi Mutko!~Tkty Mt« a (ml rf fraab air lateaiatkal nm knluu." — Lataar, Htwa**Tbay kayaata la lltaraay by Ualvartlty afCMaata aaaaiavalitaa.” — Banal. A*ar.Taaa., WtL. Tboft. • Frl.. • A II?Sat. #30. 10 JO. 12:30; San. 7 JO A 9 JO;Wackdaya. $2.85; Frl. A Sat.. $2.»Theater in the CloudsALLERT0N HOTEL701 N. Michigan Av*.Reiarvatioat: SU 7*4200i’,Colony Room Dinner offer:]’<«Show ond *-Cotirse Dinner,,;{!$5.50: Frl. ond Sat., $5.95. •.$.50 STUD. DISC.(Except Saturday)dark ,hM,r*50 alltimefor college student#with i.d. cord• different doublefeatures daily• open dawn to datvn• little gal-leryfor gals onlytri. 22—“parts blues”“neopolitan carousel”sat. 23—"stolen hours”"the seventh dawn”sun. 24—"la strade”"the lovemaker”mon. 25—"long John sil¬ver,” "son of samson”tues. 26—"gun glory”"saddle the wind.”wed. 27—"the red and theblack,” “room at the top”thur. 28—“2 rode together"“sergeant rutledge”fr 2-2843dork A mudisonTIKI TOPICSCIRALSHOUSE OF TIKIIs proud to offer all of ourfriends of Hyde Park andthe surrounding areas a se¬lection of Polynesian dishesas well as our choice Ameri¬can menu. This choice ofPolynesian foods is now partof our regular menu.JUST A SAMPLE OF OURMENU:Shrimp Polynesian; chickenTahitian; lobster Polynesian;beef and tomatoes; egg roll;ono ono kaukau; shrimp dejonghe; beef kabob flambe.Try one of our delightfulHawaiian cocktails.CIRALSHOUSE OF TIKI51st & HARPERFood served 11 A.M. to 3 AM.Kitchen closed Wed.1510 Hyde Park Blvd.LI 8-7585 MR. PIZZAWE DELIVER —CARRY OUTSHY 3-8282DELICIOUS BROASTED CHICKENSandwiches and Ch. Broiled HamburgersP 1 z zFor 2 AFor 3 For 4 For 6 PartySausage 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00Mushroom 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00Green Pepper 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00Anchovie 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00Onion or Garlic . . . 1.50 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00Tuna Fish or Olive 1.50 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00Cheese 2.00 2.50 3.50 4.50Vi ond Vi . 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00Extra Ingredients . 50 .50 1.00 1.00 1.00Pepperoni Pixzo . . 2.00 2.50 4.00 5.00 6.00Shrimp 2.00 2.50 4.00 5.00 6.00Bacon 2.00 2.50 4.00 5.00 6.00Coney Island Pizxa 2.50(Sausage, Mushrooms ond Peppers) 3.00 5.00 6.00 7.001465 HYDE PARK BLVD.Open 7 Doys o Week — 4:00 p.m. to 2:00 o.m. — Fri. to 3:00 o.m.Sot. to 3:00 o.m. — Open 2 p.m. SundoysGILL & CO.Purveyors of Fine Wine, Liquor & Beersince 1933WINE CELLAR FOR GREATER SELECTIONFAMOUS GILL'S BEERDISCOUNT VOLUME SPECIALALL BEER —NO FOAMWONT GO FLAT BARRELSVe Barrel$095Vi Borrel$1725DeliveredSTAYS COLDWITHOUT ICEIS HOURS 0 TAvS.1 ' rj, COLD ■'•VITHCUT l2 DRIVE-IN WINDOWSDiscount prices on all popular brand whiskeyGILL & CO.| 1238 East 47th St. KEnwood 6-8500Jeffery Theatre1952 E. 71st ST. HY 3-3334*Starting FRIDAY, Jan. 22Back by REQUEST!Peter Sellersin“PINK PANTHER”plusAlan Bates“NOTHING BUTTHE BEST”Starting Friday, Jan. 29Julie AndrewsJan. 22, 1965 • CHICAGO MAROON • 1CLASSIFIED AOS Calendar of EventsPERSONALCRISIS IN BOLIVIA! Y.S.A. Sat. Jan. 23.2:00 pm. Rickert. New Dorms.PROFESSIONAL ALTERATIONSFormerly with Bonwit Teller. Leah Roth-enburg, 5216 Cornell. 324-2371.MARDI GRAS IS COMING!WRITER'S WORKSHOP (PL 2-8377).SWAP DISTRESS CALL. Need draftingtutor, either tues. or thurs. between 4& 6 pm. X 3587.FREE TENANT REFERRAL SERVICE.Well-maintained bldgs. Reas, rentals. Efl.$70; 1 bdrm. $90; 2 bdrms. $120; 3 and 4bdrms. 7 mins, to UC, exc schools. SouthShore Commission. NO 7-7620.SG SPRING VACATIONTRANSPORTATIONNew York Bus March 18-28 $35Philadelphia Bus March 18-28 $35N. Y. Charter March 19-28 $64*N. Y. JET Grp March 18-28 $80*Boston JET Grp March 19-28 $92*(•including airport bus)A $15 deposit is required to reserve spaceon any of the carriers. Contact SG Office1-5 pm. Mon.-Fri. X3272.GOING TO EUROPE THIS SUMMER???Facuty, employees and active membersof the Alumni Association are eligible forSG European Flights. All flights 1stClass JET—AIR CANADA Airlines.Charters _A65 June 14-Sept. 24—under $290B65 June 28-Sept. 5—under *310C63 Aug. 10-Sept. 6—under $290Group FlightsG65 July 8-Aug. 10—under $445$50 deposit payable at SG Office, 1212E. 59th, Rm. 217, MI 3-0800, ext. 3272-Mon.-Fri. 1-5.BERLIN STAMP ADDICT would like toestablish contact with American counter¬part. Purpose; Trading. Write SiegfriedJahlbeck. Lagardestrasse 25A, Berlln-Schiachtensee, Germany.THERE’S A RUMOR GOIING ABOUTTHAT THERE’S GOING TO BE ASOCIAL RULES COMMITTEE! ZBT SMOKER MONDAY. JAN. 25AT REYNOLDS CLUBYes Brothers, ZBT IS moving to anew location.THINK ZBTTUTORINGExpert Service on All BrandsHI-FI STEREOFree Pick-up, fir DeliveryFree EstimatesCall 521-0460UNIVERSITYNATIONALBANK“a strong bank**1354 EAST 55th STREETMU 4-1200member F.D.I.C.Professorlake ParkToday'sAssignment1965COMET2-DOOR SEDAN$ 1995Lake Park Motors6035 S. COTTAGE GROVEHY 3-3445Sales - Service - PartsLINCOLN - MERCURYCONTINENTAL FRENCH LESSONS by Swiss - Frenchgrad student. Call 324-9218.FOR RENTNICE CLEAN ROOM FOR RENT NEARCAMPUS. Call MI 3-9257.Pvte. rm. & bth. & board in exchangefor babysitting. If interested, call HY3-6363.6900 S. Crandon 7E. sTshoreT BEDROOMAPTS. $110. New prestige elevator bldg.Fully auto, laundry, staffed receivingrm., indoor parking avail. We have So.Shore Comm. Seal of Approval. 7 mins,by IC to UC. See agent Mrs. Harvey onprern,, or call MU 4-7964 or 677-9073.ROOMMATE WANTED IF YOU’RE LOOKING FOR A NON-MUNDANE OFFICE JOB IN HYDE PARKHERE IT IS:Plenty of diversified duties: Interestingpeople to meet; pleasant working condi¬tions in the offices of Hyde Park's oldestbusiness institution; for a person whowants full-time and permanent work.Centrally located in this community.If you are a typist; can handle peopleefficiently and courteously on the phone;know either shorthand or speed writing;and If you consider yourself an efficientperson, please write your qualificationsand salary requirements to Box 100, Ma¬roon Office, Ida Noyes Hall, 1212 E.59th St.STUDENTS .... WIVES!Have you had experience as a bank-teller? If you can work part-timeSaturday or odd hours during the week,call Mrs. Augustine, MU 4-6000. Friday, January 22 Monday, January 25FOR SALEGIIRL to share apt. Inexp. 5328 Greenwd.Call Maryann, 667-6834.GRAD STUD, or working girl, share 3',4rm. apt. — 288-1100 x 204 eves.MALE to share 5*4 rm. apt. at 5723 S.Kimbark. Call 324-3021.WANT ADS Beautiful wooded mountain-top acresabove Casper, Wyoming. 7500 ft. elecva-tion. Unspoiled. Timber includes lodge-pole pine suitable for bldg. Accessroads. Photos, maps available. $125-135per acre (40 acre minimum). WriteBoris Kicken, Hat Six Ranch. Box 223,Casper, Wyoming or c/o Hurwicz, 17East Elmwood PI., Minneapolis, Minneso¬ta 55419. Phone; Area code 612-825-9631.CAMP KENICO—BOYS & GIRLS, BERK¬SHIRE MTS., CONN. 85 mins. N.Y. hiringstaff for 1965. Genral cnslrs. & specialists— S. Greenbaum, 852 E. 57th. APPLYNOW!Do you have a car? SNCC needs carsand drivers to go and come to its 42ndSt. Community Center Project. If youhave a car, please contact HeatherTobis, 1409 New Dorms. We will reim¬burse the owner.Someone to type up lecture tapes.PL 2-9718, J. Rosenthal.Asst. Theater Manager: Candy CounterAttendants and Ticket Takers. Male orFemale. Apply Hyde Park Theater, eves. AM-Sterio FM-Phono-$65 PortableStereo phono, $25. ES 5-9532.CARS FOR SALE'60 VW. $900. Ioe Blue with Sunroof.Radio & snowtires inoluded. Call ElizMcClure. 363-9777.TYPING AND EDITINGType your papers in English/French.Reas. Call 324-9218.Home typing: theses, papers, ms.,statistical. After 6. 493-9317.EXP. REAS. 943-7326.”NEAR CAMPUS. 324-2089. CONCERT: Martin Luther’s Berman"Folk Song Mass,’’ Bond Chapel, noon.KOINONIA: Dinner at Chapel House,6 pm.DOC FILMS: A Nous La Llberte, (ReneClair), Soc Sei 122, 7:15 & 9:15 pm.FILM: Parable, International House,7:30 pm.SHABBAT SERVICES: Hillel, 7:30 pm.FIRESIDE: "Zionism: the Response toModern Antisemitism,’’ Prof. JosephBlau, Hillel, 8:30 pm.CONCERT. Chamber Music Series: TheContemporary Chamber Ensemble,Mandel Hall, 8:30 pm.TWIST PARTY: St. Vincent’s Day Par¬ty, live band, men 50c, women free,Judson Lounge, B-J, 8:30 pm.WUCB: "Round Midnight” (Jazz),10 pm.Saturday, January 23TRACK MEET: Field House. 1 pm.LECTURE: "Was Emancipation a Mis¬take?”, Prof. Joseph Blau, Hillel,1:30 pm. ,LECTURE: “Crisis In Bolivia” RobertHill, North House, New Dorms, 2 pm.FILM: Zvenigora, Mandel Hall, 7:30 6c9:30 pm.BASKETBALL: Field House, 8 pm.WUCB: “Saturday Party,” 10 pm.Sunday, January 24CARILLON RECITAL: Rockefeller chap¬el, Daniel Robins, 12:15 pm.LECTURE: "Quality and Equality InPublic Education.” Dr. Morris Jano-witz, Greater Betheda Baptist Church.5301 S. Michigan Ave., 7:30 pm.BRIDGE CLUB: Club Master Pointgame, Ida Noyes, 7:30 pm.LECTURE: "The United States andChina,” Prof. Hans Morganthau, Hillel,8 pm.WUCB: "Around Campus.” "ShouldFraternities be Abolished:”, with SteveBrlggerman, Mike Gay, and Mike Klow-den, 9 pm. DISCIPLE’S SERVICE: Bond Chanelnoon. ’LECTURE: “Mythologies of SalvationTradition and Change In the Orient ••David M. Knipe, Women’s UniversityClub. 116 S. Michigan Ave., 7 pm.WUCB: "Blues & Balads,” (folk)George Rutkowskl, 9 pm.COMMITTEE MEETING: Academic Affairs Committee of Student Govern -ment, Ida Noyes Hall. Meeting withDean of the College, Wayne Booth8 pm.The Academic Affairs Com¬mittee of Student Governmentwill be meeting with DeanWayne Booth Sunday eveningat 8 pm in the East Lounge ofIda Noyes Hall.Third concert Fri.The third concert in the UCChamber Music Series will begiven by the Contemporary Cham¬ber Ensemble, conducted by Ar¬thur Weisberg, in Mandel Hall onFriday, January 22.Included on the program aretwo world premieres: Witkin’sParameters for Eight Instrumentsand Kupferman’s Infinities. Alsoto be included are Castiglioni’sTropl, Hamilton's Sextet, andStockhausen's Zeitmasse.The concert begins at 8:30.Tickets at $3 ($1 for students) areavailable at the Music Depart-ment, 5802 Woodlawn, extension3885.STAND TALL!with the leaderinIllinois Bell Telephone Companywill interview on campusJan. 27 (at the Graduate School)Would you like to work with a company that starts you in aresponsible position? Insists that you move up in your job?Promotes from within? Gives you a present, as well as a future?Then the Bell Telephone System may offer just the oppor¬tunity you’re looking for.You’ll learn the exciting field of communications.. .withadvancement dependent on your ability. You'll develop yourability to direct and work with people ... and you’ll be work¬ing with one of the fastest-growing, most vital industries inthe world.In your work, you’ll be associated with the company thathas developed the Telstar satellite and the transistor.If you are in the upper-half of your class — with either atechnical ora non-technical degree — Bell System interviewersare very much interested in talking to you. Simply make anappointment at your placement office.Bell System Team Interviews*.Liberal Arts and Sciences;Business Administration GraduatesJanuory 27Illinois Bell Telephone Company(An equal opportunity employer)S\ Illinois Bell TelephonePart of the Nationwide Bell System8 • CHICAGO MAROON • Jan. 22, 1965