i Aims of education to bestudied by U C studentsThe Ford foundation’s fund for the advancement of education has agreed to help financea student sponsored examination of the aims of Education.Alan Simpson, dean of the College, received notice last Wednesday from Clarence Faust,president of the fund for the advancement of education, that the fund would grant mostof the funds needed to support the program.The program will be managed by IC’s Orientation board “under the supervision of thedean of the College and of a spe The program as outlined arose He recommended the O board,primarily from O-board’s concern as “an organization of able, dedi-for orienting new students to the cated students which is eager,intellectual life of their institu- under appropriate guidance, totions and for “continuing orienta- organize a forum of self-educa¬tion.”In praise of the proposal Simp-i ial student faculty committee ap-pointed by the dean in consulta¬tion with the board.”Discussion of the project beganlast winter in the wake of thedisbanding of the O-board byGeorge L. Playe, dean of un- . , , ,dergraduate students. Later ^U1i*1^r: i IndependentO’Board’s chairman, Carl Bemes-derfer, and its*members discussed tion for its own undergraduategeneration.”Monday, a committee of the O-board will meet with Simpson tothe program with five membersof the College faculty and admin¬istration: Warner Wick, associatedean of the College; RusselThomas, professor of humanities;Joseph Schwab, professor of nat¬ural sciences and education; SolTax. professor anthropology; andGerhard Meyer, associate profes¬sor of economics. ,Obtaining the fundsAt Schwab’s suggestion, the O-i»oard solicited money from theFund for the advancement of edu¬cation.In a letter to Faust last sum¬mer, Simpson described the pro¬gram. A series of lectures In thefall and winter quarters will cul-minate in the spring quarter withan Aims of Education week.The theme for the fall quarteris “Liberal education: the Chica¬go experience.” Members of thepresent faculty and former UCeducators will examine the manychanges in the College in the pastthirty years. The first speaker ofthe program was Joseph Schwab, liberal arts colleges have difficul¬ty maintaining the accustomed choose five faculty members wh^^., v _quality of their staffs and pro- will work with the students iiy&tf * Entering studengrams in the face of competition recting both the intellectual/agjU typical of the dorfrom universities which promise fiscal aspects of the progrdpH? H’* ! 0 "IQfil ^the best scholars “disciplinary * Ci 1UQIprestige” through graduate edu¬cation and research.“In the universities, undergrad¬uate liberal education tends totake second place to the specialinterests of departments, whichincreasingly control budgets, pei-sonnel, and therefore, policy aswell. . . . These general issueshave not been aired with anythoroughness for a long time, . . .and in their cyrrent forms theyhave scarcely been discussed atall.”Praise for projectHe reiterated his support of theprogram. “We have a new organ¬ization today, with unique fea¬tures derived from our specialhistory, and we are eager to mo¬bilize these resources in the solu¬tion of current problems.”Associate dean Wick statedthat “the whole campus needs tobe involved in discussion of these Vol. 70 —No. 5 University of Chicago, September 29, 1961 m-31Education bills defeatedby Cene Vinogradoffand Ken Pierce.... „ k , WASHINGTON — AlmostWho spoke last night on -How to ?„ue,t.l!“"™.. “1 "n all of President Kenned/s aid-shop in a cafeteria." Two others ing House backer of these admin- Morse (Dem., Oregon), chairmanistration proposals, said most of of the Senate Subcommittee onthem will have to be abandoned Education and the major Senatefor several years. proponent of the administrationInstead of pushing these meas- recommendations, tried to attachwho have been asked to speak areSimpson and Faust, who wasdean of the College under RobertHutchins.Winter quarter plannedWinter quarter, the theme willbe American experiments in un¬dergraduate education. Accord¬ing to Simpson, “Columbia, Har¬vard, Radcliffe, Amherst, SarahLawrence, Reed, St. John’s, Wes¬leyan, and Michigan State havebeen* considered as sources ofs|>eakers who wrould deal withdifferent types of institutional ex¬perience — the metropolitan uni¬versity, the good conservative lib¬eral arts college, the experimen¬tal college, the state institutionsstruggling with the problems ofmass education.”The theme for the Aims of Ed¬ucation week will be “Scienceand liberal education.” How togive the science major “somebreadth of knowledge outside hisspecialty,” and how to give the“non-science major an under¬standing of science” will be thesubjects for five days of lecturesand associated discussions in thespring quarter. in the past few years,” and felt fo-education proposals have urcs on an unwilling House, the school construction and teach-that this project would help satis- ^een defeated for the rest of Powell said he is going to press ers’ salaries bills to a popularthe year, key House and Senate for aid to higher education in the bill to extend the NDEA and Irn-fy the need for public discussion.He was pleased at the decision ofthe Fund. backers of administration recom¬mendations said in recent floordebate.In addition, these Congressmensaid that recent Senate action on fields of science and engineering, pacted Areas measures for twoneglecting the humanities, social years.sciences, and other fields not di- The NDEA provides law inter-rectly effecting national defense, est loans to college students andIn a speech explaining this permits those students who goeducation bills has greatly de- stand. Powell said, “The temper into teaching to retain 10% of thecreased the chances for winningCongressional approval of theserecommendations next year.The administration had pro¬posed bills to provide federal aidto states to construct elementaryand secondary schoolsraise teachers’ salaries, asstates wished.Also, the administration pro¬posed revising the National De¬fense Education Act of 1958(NDEA) to double the number money they borrow for each ofthe first five years they teach. Italso makes a limited number ofgraduate fellowships available,mostly in the fields of science andof the House is of such naturethat Federal aid to school con¬struction, per se, is dead for atleast the next year. I think it isdeplorable, but we must face thestark, brutal and disheartening engineering, and provides fundsand/oV fact and n°t dissipate the energies to local school districts for im-the of this Committee nor of this proving their science, mathe-House on bills with no chance matics and foreign language pro¬of passing. grams.Outlook grim f Impacted Areas bill pro-He added that he knew this v*<?es federal assistance to thosewould be “heartbreaking to those school districts where large in-who believe in the humanities f*uxes °? children result frombut thatO - Board chairman KarlBemesderfer beams with joywhen he learns of FordFoundation grant. of low interest loans available tocollege students, greatly expand an(| liberal arts,SlprS”ltainateUtl« control ,h0 Prescnt mood ot Congress wasversial disclaimer affidavit which no* likely to changestudents applying for an NDEA years to comeloan must sign.Representative Adam Clayton omnibus administrationMaroon begins daily publicationThe Chicago Maroon willbegin an experiment soonwhich could lead to daily pub¬lication starting some timeduring the autumn quarter.Details of the arrangement arenot yet definite, but daily publi¬cation, lasting for a short time,will be tried before any definiteplans are made.The Maroon will appear onTuesday, Wednesday, Thursday,and Friday mornings. Distribu¬tion will remain free of charge.Commenting on the more fre¬quent publication schedule, Ma¬roon editor Jay Greenberg stated,“We feel that we can bring tothe campus more comprehensivecoverage of all aspects of news.'File University is a community ofsome 8000 persons, all engagedin some form of activity, andthere is a great deal happeningevery day. We feel that this canbest be reported through themedium of a daily newspaper.The Maroon was a daily news¬paper fiom 1902 until shortly be¬ fore World W/n II, At that time,because ol'tfne shortage of news¬print, the Ataroon began appear¬ing weekly. After that, accordingto Greepberg, “for some reason,qnknowp to us, daily publicationwas never resumed.”Dean of students John P. Neth-erton, commenting on the experi¬ment, stated, “The Maroon hasbeen a daily for moist of the yearsof its history. It has appeared tome that it should again become adaily as soon as the time is ripe.“I think the tfcrensjpf the pres¬ent experiment, which assumesthat the ripe time is now, givethe Maroon and the communitya good fighting chance to havea daily campus newspaper again.I am keenly desirous that the ex¬periment prow a success.”Greenberg si ted that he feltthat many major changes wouldbe made in a daily publication.“Many of our stories have beenwritten in essay rather than newsstory style,” he said, “and thiswill have to change. We have the federal projects in the area, mak¬ing the facilities necessary tooexpensive for local tax payers tofor some provide.Morse and his supporters recog-The last attempts to pass the *1C .^at j*)e opposition...... to me administration proposalsClayton omnibus administration recom- was too great> He then withdrewPowell (Dem., New York), chair- mendations had to be abandoned the attempt to attacli these to theman of the House Committee on in the Senate on September 15. NDEA and Impacted Areas bills,Education and Labor and the lead- At that time Senator Wayne concentrated instead on limit¬ing the extension of these billsto one year.Extension of billA one year extension, Morsesaid, would force Congress to re¬consider these popular measuresearly next year. At that time, itmight be easier to attach someof the administration proposalsto them, thereby forming an om¬nibus school bill with a goodchance of passing.The decisive vote on this pro¬posal came when Senator Morseintroduced an amendment to lim¬it the extension of the ImpactedAreas bill to one year.The amendment was opposedby Senator A. S. Mike Monroney(Dem. Oklahoma i, who favoredpassing the two year extensionbecause the Impacted Areas billwas “worthy, and should not beused as an instrument for po¬litical maneuvering.”responsibility of presenting newsto the campus as it happens, ina clear, concise manner.“We will make no change in oureditorial policy,” Greenbergstated. “We will remain a com¬pletely free newspaper, criticiz¬ing constructively where criti¬cism is necessai'y.”Faculty reaction to the dailyexperiment was generally favor¬able. Alan Simpson, dean of theCollege, commented, “I hope youtake advantage of the chance notonly to improve all the goodqualities the MaroOn has, butalso to correct some of the badones. The virtues are independ¬ence of policy, biting editorials,and concern with real issues. Theweaknesses are, first and fore¬most, the total incapacity of thestaff to get the thing proofread.I would like to see a lighter,wittier, tone adopted in the fea-tures, although 1 have seen somegood satirical pieces. I wouldalso like to see some more em¬phasis given campus news.” According to director of admis¬sions Charles O’Connell, “I can’tthink of anything more splendid—unless the proofreading is go¬ing to be five times as bad.”Kermit Eby, professor of soci¬ology, said, “More important thangoing daily is being a free paper—by free I mean the right tocriticize,” and Gerhard Meyer, as¬sociate professor of economics inthe College, added, “Congratula¬tions. There are some dangers in¬volved, but there also are newopportunities. From the point ofview of coverage, daily is excel¬lent.”Student opinion of the changewas divided. Said fourth year stu¬dent Le Velle Williams, “I don’tsee how you’re going to getenough news to fill it.” But LarryBowman, also in his fourth year,stated, “I think by going daily theMaroon will give more completecoverage both to the Universityand to the community.” (Continued on page 2*See start of a series of inter¬views in which Robert MaynardHutchins discusses education onpage 10.Wilson made Beadle's assistant Welcome newcomersat teas, receptionsThe appointment of John T. Wilson as special assistant to Chancellor George Beadle hasbeen announced by the University Wilson has also been made professor of psychology. Bothappointments will become effective October 1.For at least several months, Wilson will work closely with R. Wendell Harrison, vicepresident and dean of the faculties. In addition, Wilson will work with Beadle, Vice Presi¬dent Coggeshall, and others in the general administration of the University. Many of hisspecific administrative duties staff in 1952 to direct its experi- ing research projects by the de¬partment of the Navy and theThe NSF is a government National Defense Research com-. . — ‘agency, established in 1950 by mittee.do some teaching at the graduate /’ . , , , , , ,act of Congress, to spur the pro- Wilson holds psychology de¬gress of basic science and science grees from three different univer-have not yet been determined. , , ,* , . , , , mental psychology programAs professor of psychology, he _ ____will collaborate in research andeducation in the country. sities. He holds a bachelor of artsBefore joining the NSF, Wilson degree, with distinction, fromwhere was elected to Phi BetaKappa in 1941.Pierce snack bar opensThe Pierce tower snack barlevel.Wilson, 47, is one of the youngermen on the Chancellor’s staff.Almost half its members are near¬ing the University’s retirement w#s assistant executive secretaryage, 65. Harrison and Coggeshall, °* ^*e American psychological as-as well as William B. Harrell, soc'ation and a member of Georgevice president of the University Washington university s depart-in charge of business affairs, ment °* psychology.Warren Johnson, vice president He later served as head of the . . ,• u , ........ . • • „ is now open, after one year ofin charge of special scientific pro- personnel and training research ... delaygrams and professor of chemis- branch in the biological sciences rp^e i5_takie room in thetry, and William V. Morganstern, group of the Office of Naval Re- basement of Pierce tower will besecretary of the University are all search. open from 9 to 12 prr Monday,over 60. During World War II, Wilson Wednesday, and Friday; and from5 to 11 pm on Sunday.For the past six years, Wilson was responsible for developing a It>s menu and prices arehas been the assistant director comprehensive radar personnel parable to the Cloister club’s,for biological and medical sci- sejecjjon and training program. (The Hangout, in Ida Noyes Hall,ences of the National Science resDonsible for the is now called the cloister club)foundation (NSF), Washington, He was a,s0 re‘,pons,ble fbr thb rock and roU and jaa ac.D.C. He joined the foundation's initiation of personnel and tram- company (he snack bar-s lood.The Cloister club will open onSunday evening at 5. It will servesnacks from 8:30 to midnight Sun¬day through Thursday.mmmmmmmmmmmwMwmmm* Newcomers to the University will be greeted in some newways, according to Murial Beadle, wife of the Chancellor.These include a separate reception for graduate students, aweek-long series of teas for wives of faculty and trustees, andpackets of material on Hyde Park for new faculty membersand graduate students. ~ ~~~ .. T7T~ :On Sunday, October 2, there cellor George Beetle will receivewill be a reception for graduate ncw taculTl>' ™mbfr f and,students in Mandel hall at 3:30 w*ves “ Noyes hall at 3:30p.m. The program includes talks. At bolh receptions spec.alby the Chancellor; Howard Mort, ‘hospitality packets" will be dis-of the Dames club, an organiza¬tion for wives of UC students.A week later, October 8, Chan-head of the Aluiini association 'iub..tcd The packets, preparedand Mrs. James Perry, president b>’ faculty wives, contain informs-tion about the campus, HydePark, and Chicago in general.Mrs. Beadle will meet facultywives at a week-long series ofafternoon teas beginning October17. Guests will also tour theChancellor’s house. Members of_ , . , , , Maroon key will guide visitors,Last year, members of student wi(h aides ^vLnK teagovernment contemplated a $100 first day.loan to the administration to help The first tea will be foropen the Pierce snack bar. The trustees’ wives and personalUniversity’s Residence Halls and friends, with a few new faculty,. ,, , . , wives and Mrs. John T. Wilson,Commons supplies the snack bar s .. , .. .. ’wife of the new special assistantfood. The Cloister club has an to 1hc chancellor, as specialexternal supplier. guests.Education bills lose(^dxistinn Science OxyauifcUiou At tdc (?.MAclcemee new and xetnnniny student* to its euecdlytestimony meetings Held ened *7nesd<ty nt <ti 7 ;t56. m. in ^donndide Litton 0d*jkel, /150 £a*l55td Sfacet. ?fa*t meeting Octodcx 3rd. Maroon staff meetingThere will be o meeting of all pres¬ent and prospective Maroon staffmembers on Monday, October 2, ot3:30 p.m. in Ida Noyes 303.mONLY A BANK accepts your money as a depositONLY A BANK pays you interestONLY A BANK insures deposits for promptpayment by the F.D.I.C.ONLY A BANK offers a complete financial semce"A STRONG BANK”University National Bank (Continued from page 1)A few Senate liberals joinedMonroney for this reason, andmany conservatives who opposemost federal aid-to-education billsjoined to limit the chances of anomnibus bill such as the one dis¬cussed by Senator Morse. Amongthem was Senator Barry Gold-water (Rep., Arizona).Morse’s amendment for a oneyear extension was defeated bya 45-40 vote.The Senate then passed a twoyear extension of the ImpactedAreas bill and the NDEA withoutincluding in them any of the re¬visions the administration had re¬quested.Only six Senators voted againstthis extension. All of them wereliberals expressing their disap¬proval of a measure which meant the abandoning of the larger pro¬posals for at least the presentyear. Senator Paul Douglas<Dem., Illinois) was one of thesix.A spokesman for Senator Morsesaid the two year extension mightmean defeat of school construc¬tion and other administration billsfor four or five years minimally.He explained a political "rule”which states that in election yearsin which the President is not run¬ning the opposition party usuallygains in Congress. If this holdstrue in 1962, it will make the nextCongress more conservative thanthe present.The Senate bill extending fortwo years the NDEA and the Im¬pacted Areas bill was identical toone passed several weeks ago bythe House. It has now gone to thePresident’s desk and has been ap¬proved by him.foreign car hospital^ • The President expressed grati¬tude that "these two valuableprograms have been continued,”but said he was greatly disap¬pointed that these were the only*e« page 9 important education measurespassed this year by Congress.1354 East 55th Street MEMBER F.D.I.C. MU 4-1200IN THE HEART OF THE NEW HYDE PARK DEVELOPMENTCOMPLETE SERVICES FOR STUDENTS AND FACULTYTHE EPISCOPAL CHURCHAT THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGOBOND CHAPEL SERVICES BEGIN ON OCTOBER 1, 1961Sundays, 9:30 A.M. Sung Eucharist and SermonStudent Choir, Breakfast in Swift CommonsWednesday, 5:05 P.M. EvensongThursday, 11:30 A.M. Holy Communion _SUNDAY, OCTOBER 1, AT 7:30 P.M. . . . OPEN HOUSEFOR ALL UNIVERSITY EPISCOPALIANS AND NEW STUDENTS -BRENT HOUSE5540 Woodlawn AvenueTHE REV. JOHN W. PYLE, Chaplain ffleoiciOpen Every Evening* Saturday for LunchftSunday for French Breakfastr "A MOST PLEASANT COFFEE HOUSE AND GALLERY"Cafe Medici ItalianEspresso, BitterChocolate, Whipped Cream45c Spiced CiderSteaming Hot,Cinnamon Stick40cITALIAN ESPRESSOPot, 25cCROCK - O - CHEDDAR40cMEDICI SPECIALMinestroneSpecial SandwichPot of Coffeeor Tea, anda biscuit$1.30 FRENCH BREAKFASTTropical JuiceButter Croissant (2)Special JamsCafe au Lait, potAll Day ^Sunday$1.00October ShowingSerigraphs by Dean Meeker.Green Door Book ShopQUALITY PAPER BACKS—FINE CHILDREN'S BOOKSSPECIAL ORDERS WELCOMEN.Y. TIMES DAILY—SUN., NOON & EVE.1450 E. 57th HY 3-53292 • CHICAGO MAROON Sept. 29, 1961student group formedA new national student or¬ganization has been formed.Called the National Studentcongress (NSC), the group isheaded by Ronald Sugarman, astudent at the University ofSouthern California.According to officers of theorganization, “The main purposeis to stimulate and promote abetter understanding of America’sworld position in order to realizeour national goals.”Formed durihg the summer byfourteen students at Harvard uni¬versity, the group now claimsmembership at many western in¬stitutions. They will begin a re¬cruiting drive aimed at gainingmembers in the east and middlewest soon, they say.Organization existsThe officially recognized na¬tional union of students in theUnited States right now is theUnited States National Studentassociation (USNSA). USNSArepresents American students atmeetings of the International stu¬dent congress, tl»e world studentorganization.Of USNSA, chairman Sugar-mail says, “Our purpose is notto knock down NS A, but ratherto build an organization to rep¬resent all students conservativeand liberal. We feel that NSAhas not truly represented stu¬dents—conservative and liberal.We feel that NSA has not trulyrepresented students In the past.”NSA, a federation of studentgovernments on over 400 collegecampuses in the nation, has asits policy-making body the Na¬tional Student congress (the coin¬cidence of names is accidental,according to Sugarman). To theCongress, held annually, comerepresentatives either elected bystudent bodies (as at UC) or ap¬pointed bj' student government.Sugarman says his group hasrevised to work within the frame¬ work of NSA because “Peoplehave tried to work within it andfailed. The association needs awhole new outlook.”None of the founders have at¬tended an NSA congress, nor haveany NSC people contacted theassociation’s officers.Sugarman claims that he waschairman of last year’s Youth forKennedy-Johnson national chair¬man. However, according toEugene Vinogradoff, UC studentwho was active in the only author¬ized national Kennedy organiza¬tion, the group had no chairman,and no person named Sugarmanwas active.Sugarman’s main objection toNSA was that “They don’t comeout with facts concerning theirstands. They just say they’reagainst something, stating theirposition in so many words with¬out explaining it.”NSA officer commentsReached at NSA’s national of¬fice in Philadelphia, national af¬fairs vice-president Paul Pottersaid that although he had heardnothing about NSC’s formation,“In a sense I’m not surprised thatthere is an attempt to formanother student organization.During the ’30’s there was a tend-dency to form organizationswhich ran rampant to the extentthat it seriously debilitated theeffort of any of them.“With the increase in activityin student action and politicalconcern which has been develop ing lately, I’ve been expectingthat sooner or later we wouldhave similar attempts.”Commenting on NSC’s chargesthat NSA is not representative,Potter said, “There have beencharges that we are not repre¬sentative over and over again"during the past year. There is noquestion that the association isnot as representative as it desiresto be, but I believe that our struc¬ture is more able to serve as abase for building accurate repre¬sentation than any of which Ihave heard, including this latestone.”Differs from NSCThe NSC will not be a federa¬tion of student governments, asNSA is. Instead, it will be anorganization with which any stu¬dent activity may affiliate. Therewill be a state board of directorsand a national board composedof elected student representatives.Equal in power to the nationalstudent board will *be a “Boardof Seven,” to be composed, ac¬cording to Sugarman, “of sena¬tors and other prominant Ameri¬cans.”NSC will not allow known Com¬munists to be representatives attheir national conventions. "Any¬body who has made pro-Commu-nist statements, or who has sup¬ported obviously Communist ac¬tivities, will have his name sub¬mitted to the Board of Seven,”Sugarman noted. “They will de¬cide whether he can come to the meeting.”Sugarman hopes to work withNSA on many campuses. “Wehope that eventually our two or¬ganizations will be able to worktogether, although it depends onwhat NSA chooses to do. If NSAtries to do anything against us,we’ll fight back.”Desire NSC talksSpeaking for NSA, Potter said,“I don’t know what we will do.My first reaction is to want totalk to these people, since theyhave not met with any national officers and have never attendeda Congress.”NSC, which claims a member¬ship of 1000 students, sent out apress release containing state¬ments by “prominent Americans”expressing support of the organ¬ization. The release contains com¬ments by Senator Clair Engle (D-Cal.), Senator Estes Kefauver(D.-Tenn.), Senator Barry Gold-water (R-Ariz.), and Rep. JohnHiestand (R.-Cal.), one of twoprofessed members of the JohnBirch society in Congress.UC gets new hospitalA new 100 bed children’shospital, to be built north ofLying-In hospital on the Uni¬versity campus, will replacetwo smaller hospitals, the BobsRoberts Memorial hospital forChildren and the Home for Desti¬tute Crippled Children.Designed exclusively for bed-patients, the yet unnamed hos¬ pital will cost an estimated $2,000,-000 to $2,500,000. It is scheduledfor competition in 1963.Announcement of the new hos¬pital was made jointly by Mrs.•Katherine Trees Livezey, presi¬dent of the Home for DestituteCrippled Children, and Lowell T.Coggeshal, vice president incharge of medical and biologicalprograms of the University.Jimmy’sand the New University RoomRESERVED EXCLUSIVELY FOR UNIVERSITY CLIENTELEFifty Fifth and Woodlawn Ave. 1411 E. 53rd FA 4-5525 —HY 3-5300Cafe Enrico & QalleryFeaturing Our Hors d'oeuyres TableFree Delivery to U.C. StudentsON ALL PIZZAComplete Italian-American RestaurantPIZZA PIESSmall$1.451.80CheeseSausageAnchovy 1.80Pepper and Onion ... 1.65 SmallBacon and Onion. . .$2.15Combination 2.40Mushroom 2.15Shrimp 2.40NEW TEXT BOOKS USED 3STUDENT SUPPLIESFOUNTAIN PENS-NOTE BOOKS-STATIONERY-LAUNDRY CASESBRIEF CASES-SPORTING GOODSTYPEWRITERS sold - rented-repairedPOSTAL STATION RENTAL LIBRARYWOODWORTH’SBOOKSTORE1311 EAST 57th STREET2 BLOCKS EAST OF M4NDEL BALISTORE HOURS: DAILY S:00 A.M. ho 6:00 P.M. . . . EVENINGS — Monday, Wednesday, Friday to 9:00 P.M.mm iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiisiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiirrsSept. 29, 1961 • CHICAGO MAROON • 3'View of UN crisisMorgenthau appraises the United Nationsby Michael Shakman (4) After 1955 the size of the viet vetos. The UN was a tool of trals’ inability to make major de- Two dilemmas face the Presi-The future of the United UN began to change. Membership the West, Morgenthau explained, cisions; he expanded^ the role of d«*nt, Morgenthau sai»U he mustincreased from about fifty na- but the addition of nearly fiftyNations depends on the actions of the “non-committed”nations, according to Hans J.Morgenthau, UC professor of po¬litical science.The sudden death of UN Sec¬retary General Dag Hammar-skjold has left a power vacuumin the world organization whichonly the neutrals can fill, Mor¬genthau feels.The neutrals have traditionallylacked unity and have been inde¬cisive, but their importance hasincreased as the UN has admittedthem.Writing for next Sunday’s NewYork Times magazine, Morgen¬thau traced five basic changes inthe UN:(1) Important issues can nolonger be settled in the SecurityCouncil, as UN founders intended,because conflicting interests ofthe US and the USSR have re¬sulted in vetoes by one of thesegreat powers. Therefore,(2) Important issues now endup in the General Assembly wherea two-thirds majority is requiredto overrule a veto of any mem¬ber of the Security Council.(3) Neither the West nor theUSSR can get the two-thirds ma¬jority without the co-operation ofmost of the neutrals. the UN executive and took effec- convince Khrushchev that Amer-tive action wherever possible. Hisdeath has again left a power gap:unless the neutrals fill it the UNcannot remain effective.Morgenthau noted two causesof the neutrals’ disunity and lackof agreement with Western pol¬icy: they remember their colonialhistory, and they do not fear theWest as much as they fear theUSSR.Morgenthau said, “Nehru, forexample, is afraid to get toughwith Krushchev because he knowsthat Khrushchev can order a riotin Calcutta for tomorow morning—and there will be a riot. On theother hand, he can give us a kickin the shins and still get our aid.” ica “means business,” while atthe same time he must explainto Americans the dangers andcomplexities of the internationalsituation, and the need for flex-ibility.New approaches to the Beilinproblem are needed, Morgenthausaid. The West Germans mustrealize that there is virtually nohope of unifying Germany now.Morgenthau believes, with col¬umnist Walter Lippmann, thatKhrushchev decided to bring theGerman question to a crisis nowbecause he fears West Germany’seastern ambitions, and dreads theday when it will have nuclearweapons of its own. MorgenthauAt the Belgrade conference of believes that Khrushchev wantedneutral states, this attitude wasclearly evident. Had the US re¬sumed nuclear testing first, theneutrals would have severely cri¬ticized us. Russia got away withvery little condemnation.Morgenthau said that the newKennedy administration hasfound “objective” factors makethe formulation of new foreign to make East Germany’s statuspermanent before the advent ofWest German nuclear weaponscould threaten it.Despite the complexities of theinternational situation and theseriousness of the challenge towestern democracies, Morgenthaucontinues to believe that democ¬racy can meet the threats. WhenUC professor of political science Hans J. Morgenthau.(photo by Berger)tions to the present ninety-nine, new states changed the UN bal-foreign car sales Before the increase, the US, Great ance of power.Britain, the Commonwealth coun¬tries and western European na¬tions could muster the two-thirdsmajority needed to overrule So-see page 9U. S. ROYALAL SAX TIRE CO.1st Anniversary SaleStudents' & Faculty SpecialsU S. Royal TiresUP TO50% offALL FOREIGN AND SPORTS CAR SIZES STOCKEDOne Week OnlyOur regularly low prices reduced up to 20%more on serviceBrakesRelinedWITH GENUINE WAGNERBONDED LININGSReg. $19.95Reduced to ?1795MOST CARS COMPLETEBUDGET TERMSJUST SAY CHARGE ITPower Brakes $1.50 MorePer Wheel Front EndAlignmentSPECIAL1. We align caster and camber,tow-in and tow-out2. Balance 2 front wheels3. Repack front wheels4. Inspect seals and brakesWas $9.95 $795Most Cars—now. . fAL SAX TIRE COJUST SOUTH OF THE MIDWAY6052 Cottage Grove Ave.DO 3-5554 - 55 (5) Now neither major bloccan count on gathering the two-thirds majority needed becausethe new members divide theirvotes. They serve a negative func¬tion.Dag Hammarskjold was ableto enter the void left by the neu- policy much harder than they had asked if he thought a democracyanticipated. But the new admin- could compete successfully with aistration has been far more will- totalitarian government, he an-ing than its predecessor to come swered, “Give me a reason whyto grips with difficult problems, not.”Scholarship noticel| It is not too late to file an application for a Rhodes scholar-iship, announced George Playe, dean of undergraduate students.UC’s deadline for applications is Nov. 1. Playe urged inter¬ested students to pick up applications from his office in Gates|| Blake 120 as soon as possible, and those who have begun| their applications to complete them as quickly as possible.mm#* .< mmmrwmmmmmmmmmmm -JOSEPH H.AARON, '27All Forms of InsuranceSuite 825135 S. LaSalle St.>11 3-5986 HA 6-1060n'Disc1367 E. 57th HY 3-5151LP Records—Classic • Jazz • FolkDiscount on ALL RecordsRecorders and Recorder MusicDIAMOND NEEDLESonly *498OPEN Weekdays noon till 10Saturday 10 till 5 ARISTOCRATSHOE REPAIRProfessional Dyeingand Hefinishing ofShoes and Handbags• Colors matched 9 Toes cwt oof9 Vamps lowered 9 Platform*removedEQUIPPED TO REPAIR U> DIES’NARROW HEELSHeel* changed — Any style —Any colorBackstrops Removed and Sp/inga-lators inserted — Shoes stretched— Zippers repaired — Oiilopadie work.O'Sullivan'sRubber ProductsFAirfax 4-96221749 East 55th St.HERE! THE ORIGINAL"WHEATJEANSiSanforized denim inWheat or Black; 29-32waist, 30-32-34 length.$4.50*Please RUSH' (i Black. . WheatWaisf_ .length.ADDRESSCITY STATE‘Price includes delivery and Sales Tex. |In-store price, S3.98 plus Tax. |Kingston Shop j1612 Chicago Ave. Evanston, III. f4 • CHICAGO MAROON • Sept. 29, 1961Despres starts driveto win city planningby Gene VinogradoffAlderman Leon M. Despreslaunched a major fight forcomprehensive city planningn a speech Wednesday beforethe Chicago City council.Despres said his speech wasonly one of many ways in whichhe intends to make the lack ofcity planning in Chicago appar¬ent during the coming year.Despres told the Maroon priorto his speech that he regardedlack of city planning “the out¬standing problem of the city.”Despres is the alderman fromthe fifth ward, which includesDC. He is the only independentin the fifty-member City council.In his speech Wednesday. Des¬pres moved for the dropping ofa clause in the preamble of abill for a plan for the near Westside. The clause read. “Whereasthe City of Chicago has a generalplan. . . .”He objected to the clause on thegrounds that no plan for thewhole city exists.“The last city plan presentedfor Chicago was the ‘City beauti¬ful’ plan in 1910,” Despres said inan interivew. Since then, therehas only been a set of recommen¬dations on the use of land in 1946.The alderman emphasized thata comprehensive plan is neces¬sary to stop the city from “de¬caying much faster than it is be¬ing built up.”Ife said the development ofsuch a plan is going to l»e his“primary interest during thecoming year.”“A plan must do more than pro¬vide for the use of land,” Despressaid. "It must establish goals forthe city generally,” he explained.He named good schools, goodtransportation facilities, commu¬nication facilities and public proj¬ects in general as examples ofthese goals.“It should also include integra¬tion,” he added.Taking a poke at the Daley ma¬chine, Despres said the strengthof the machine is the major rea¬son why no plan exists.“The machine is a big busi¬ness,” Despres said. It is incom¬ patible with business procedureto develop a comprehensive plan,since the'machine tries to do aslittle as possible in its businessdealings, Despres said.Next to a comprehensive cityplan, Despres said his major con¬cern during the coming year willbe t ho developing of a plan forthe Woodlawn community.“There is no plan whatever forWoodlawn now,” Despres said.He explained that UC is insistingon expanding to the south of theMidway, that the TemporaryWoodlawn organization is insist¬ing on community improvements,and that he is Insisting that anysouth campus plan include provi¬sions for general community im¬provement. Living space is limitedThere is a slight shortage of dormitory space on campus this fall, despite the fact that thisyear’s entering class is smaller hy 40 students than the class of 1964.The shortage was created largely by the return to the dormitories of more third andfourth year students than the administration had originally expected, and partly by the fail¬ure of the University to sqlicit an apartment dormitory for men.To accommodate more undergraduate students Salisbury house in Burton-Judson courtwas converted to an undergrade — —ate dorm several rooms were re- of students, estimated that, with higher enrollment and the de¬served in Hitchcock hall and In- larger number of women cov- crease in apartments suitable forternational house and 25 spaces ered novv residence rule (worn- student use near campus (thewere made available in B J by en must now live in dormitories latter caused by urban renewal),converting two-room doubles to for fol,r years« and n,en for two) apartment dormitories would betriples, a n d converting several amI t,,e m,niber of students ex- an impractical way to house siz-singles to doubles.commute to the University.The graduate students who for another two years,were displaced by the shortage peeled to return to the dormito- able increases in the student body.„ , __ . . , , ries, two apartment dormitories Newman felt that the demand forDnh-^fn-.st-yearstudent.s will for ^ men and women should non-conventional housing facili-accommodate the student body ties could easily be met by theplans for four more apartmentand the chances are housed in the Both Newman and John Hun- dormitories housing 80 students,newly adopted' McLaughlin hall. toon' diref°r of fusing, rejected and ^hat ?1°^ c^ventlonal facid*formerly University hotel, located aPartment dormitories as a long ties wouL hat 55th and Blackstone avenue. term solution to increased enroll- • ’ 962, . | hal1, hl(:bJanies Newman, assistant dean ment. Huntoon felt that, with have been converted to officespace for the social science de¬partment. The planned apartmentdormitories are expected to ac¬commodate the women displacedKamen rejected from corpsA volunteer for the United States Peace Corps, who has been the center of controversy by thls conversion-since he applied, was notified Monday that he has not been selected for Peace corps service. Newman also indicated that fu-The volunteer, Charles Kamen, 21, a graduate of Brandeis university, who resides in Mi- ture construction might also in-ami, has been receiving Peace corp training preparatory to serving with a project in the elude dormitories like those inPhilippines. the C-group — i.e., the conven-Kamen’s acceptability for Peace corps service has been challenged by members of Con- tional room accommodations withgress, because of his conduct at * t — : .... , ..... , .a Miami showing of the film “Op- Kamen was drafted. Although cause of Kamen’s rejection. kitchen facilities used and main-eration abolition,” sponsored bya local Rotary club.Kamen tried to object to someof the film’s conclusions concern¬ing the extent of Communist sub¬version of American youth. Hewas subsequently expelled fromthe meeting. “The letters received by the Peace Corps,by the Peace Corps about the in- Kamen’s appeal toservice in the Peace Corps doesnot exempt volunteers from mili¬tary-service, the director of Se¬lective Service, Lieutenant Gen¬eral Lewis Hershey has said thathe hopes local draft boards willdefer draftees who are acceptedcident call for the dismissal of his draftboard was scheduled for lastMr. Kamen,” stated Rcpresenta-tive Cornelius Gallagher, of New Wednesday evening.Jersey, “on the grounds that he Kamen was one of 25 Peaceis either emotionally unstable or Corps volunteers rejected thisa Communist.” week. Spokesmen for the PeaceIn the midst of the controversy, Corps refused to comment on the One official stated: “The same tained by the residents,yardstick was applied to Kamenthat is applied to all volunteers.”Peace Corps officials have alsodeclined comment on whetherKamen was rejected from theCorps for security reasons.“If the Corps announced thereasons for rejecting volunteers,”said one spokesman, “this wouldserve to discourage young menfrom applying in the first place.” Joseph H. Aaron, ’27The ConnecticutMutual Life InsuranceCompany of HartfordSince 1846, over 100 years, hassafeguarded your family.135 S. LaSalle St.Ml 3-5986 Suite 825RA 6-1060^vwwvwvwvvvwvxxxxwvwwvwvwvvvvwvwvwv.lev; -HAItPEItSQUAREBeauty and Cosmetic Salon5700 Harper AvenueMrs. Billie Treganza, Prop. FA 4-2007 3PIZZASFor The Price OfNICKY’S55th NO 7-9063, MU 4-4780 >£51foreign car hospitalsee page 9 NORTH SELF SERVICE AREAThkChristian ScienceMonitorSubscribe Nowat Half Price*You con read this world-famousdaily newspaper for the next sixmonths for $5.50, just ha f theregular subscription rate.Get top news coverage Enjoyspecial features. Clip for refer¬ence work.Send your order today. Enclosecheck or money order. Use cou¬pon below.The Christian Science Monitor P CNOr. Norway St., Boston 15, Mast.Send your newspaper for the timechecked. • -□ 6 months -SS.t>9 O I yeex •$-1C College Studertt Q Faculty MemberNamer XcidresVCity Zone* i sp’cmI off,- evaINhl, ONLY to colles*sc.idnrtj, Nuilt) membra, emlcuiirv* . a tnti. NEW TEXT BOOKS USEDGeneral TRADE BOOKS ScholarlyNotebooksPencils — Paper STUDENT SUPPLIES Fountain Pens—BriefCases—Filing EquipmentLocal MAGAZINES & NEWSPAPERS SpecialziedSOUTH CLERK SERVICE AREANew andReconditioned TYPEWRITERS Rented andRepairedNew TAPE RECORDERS RentalsCameras andAccessories PHOTOGRAPHIC SUPPLIES Fast DevelopingServiceGreeting CardsMen's and Women's Wear GIFTS & NOVELTIES Cosmetics\ Costume JewelryHot CoffeeIced Soft Drinks SNACK BAR „ SandwichesCandyCigarettesCigars TOBACCO COUNTER PipesTobaccoIf you plan to patronize both the Self Service area and the Clerk Service area youmay find the Southeast Entrance with its free coin return lockers most convenient.THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO BOOKSTORE5802 Ellis AvenueSept. 29, 1961 • CHICAGO MAROON • 5> Tradition of secrecy at U Charms discussion and planningThe University of Chicago, as any institution ofcomparable size and age, has many traditions.Some of these traditions are excellent; indeed,without them no great university can exist. Theseinclude freedom of inquiry, student responsibility,and excellence in both teaching and research.Unfortunately, there are also some bad tradi¬tions, and these work only to the detriment of theUniversity community. One of the outstandingtraditions among these is that of keeping secretmuch of the administrative operation of the Uni¬versity.According to the By-Laws of the University ofChicago, "The Council (of the University Senate)shall be the supreme academic body of the Uni¬versity, having all legislative powers except thosematters reserved to the Board of Trustees, theOffice of the Chancellor, or the other RulingBodies (including the divisional and college facul¬ties).”Members of the Council are elected from theUniversity Senate, composed of all faculty mem¬bers with the rank of assistant professor or higher.Meetings of both the Council and its executivecommittee, the Committee of the Council aresecret, and minutes of discussions are never madeavailable.Interest in curricular matters is great amongstudents at UC. Student debate is more likely tocenter around latest changes in the structure ofthe College than in the won-lost record of theschool’s athletic teams. This is as it should be.Unfortunately much of this debate is often uninformed. Students have at their disposal onlythe warmed up post facto comments of facultymembers concerning the substance of discussion.The points raised during debate are never madepublic.But there is even a more basic objection thanthis to the secrecy policy. There is no need for it.Faculty members, as the governors of the Uni¬versity, must be responsible for their opinions.There is no need to "protect” them from the pos¬sible wrath of the student body.Certainly there are some matters of discussionwhich are not the concern of the student body.Since the Council passes on many faculty appoint¬ments, the personality of individuals is oftendiscussed. We would have no objection to keepingsuch discussion secret.But we have never heard, nor can we conceive,of a rationale for keeping secret discussions ofacademic and administrative policy. In the wordsof UC Chancellor George Wells Beadle, "The stu¬dent, the faculty member, and the administratorare all in the same business and should have com¬mon objectives. . . . Each of the three ‘parts’ ofthe University should realize the importance of theroles the other play. Students tend to talk about‘they’ meaning the rest of the University. Thefaculty is likely to do the same. This is a naturalbut most regrettable tendency.”It is about time that some action backed up theChancellor’s fine words. The de-classification ofmeetings of the University Senate would be anexcellent first step. Neal JohnstonStudents must aidgrowing movementWhen one attended a stu¬dent meeting in the early fif¬ties, so I am told, the key wordwas “apathy.” Without mas¬tery of the proper use of thisword, one could not be recog¬nized as a full fledged studentleader; without this word, stu¬dent leaders would not have beenable to talk much about any¬thing.In the mid-fifties the word hadchanged and the lief-motif of thestudent world was "awareness.”Then, in February of 1960,some Negro students in Greens-borough, North Carolina, satdown at a dime-store lunchcounter and the sit-ins began,nor have they ceased since thattime. pelled by two delicately balancednecessities: the necessity to actand the necessity to understand.To act, without predicating thataction upon a sound and pene¬trating intellectual system, is tomove, ultimately, towards an¬archy and chaos. A sensitivity tothe fact of human misery and so-cial injustice which fails to de¬mand and then produce correc¬tive action is selfish, immoral,and inexcusable in the light ofwhat we are calling "the studentmovement.”the Chicago maroonfounded — 1892Issued every Friday throughout the University of Chicago school year and Intermittently during the summer quarter,by students of the University of Chicago. Inquiries should be sent to the Chicago Maroon, Ida Noyes hall, 1212 S. 59thStreet, Chicago 37. Illinois. Telephones: MI 3-0800, extensions, 3265 and 3266. Distributed without charge on campus.Subscriptions by mall. $3 per year. Office hours: 1 to 5, Monday through Friday. Deadline for calendar material, 4 pm.Tuesday: deadline for advertising and editorial material. 3 pm Wednesday before publication.All unsigned editorial matter on this page represents the official opinion of the Chicago Maroon editorial board. Signededitorial material represents the individual opinions of the authors.Democrats desert promisesby defeating education bills»> '& Probably the greatest failure ofthis heavily Democratic and os¬tensibly pro-administration Con¬gress was its refusal to act onany of the many aid-to-educationbills before it.This failure was more than afailure to exert creative energy onone of the nation’s foremost prob¬lems; it was the worst exampleof outright hypocrisy in manyyears.For throughout the DemocraticCongressional, Senatorial andPresidential candidates’ cam¬paigns, one of the foremost plat¬form planks was aid to education.The Democrats did perhaps thebest job in history proving thatelementary, secondary and highereducation in this country is bad;they succeeded superbly in ex¬plaining the impossibility of de¬fending this nation without high¬ly educated manpower; and, forthe first time in history, they"sold” to the majority of theAmerican electorate the idea thateducation is a good in itself.In short, the case they madefor improving education was oneof the major reasons why theywere elected. It was the one ma¬jor campaign plank which mostof the electorate believed wouldnot be deserted (as so many cam¬paign planks are) once they wereelected.Yet Congress deserted it almostcompletely. The only major edu¬cation bills passed by this sessionof Congress were the extension ofthe National Defense EducationAct (NDEA) for two years andthe extension of the ImpactedAreas education act for two years.Extension of these two billsdoes look good on the surface,oven though no one can forget thedefeat of the School Constructionact, the bill to aid teachers’ sala¬ries and the host of other majorbills reported by the Senate andHouse Education subcommittees.But the extension of the NDEAIn its present form is no milestone in making post-election actionsconform to pre-election promises.For a large part of the Demo¬cratic aid-to-education campaignplank called for drastic revisionof the NDEA.One part of the plank called forthe abolition of the controversialdisclaimer which students apply¬ing for NDEA loans are requiredto sign.Another called for doubling themaximum amount of loan moneyavailable to each college and uni¬versity.Another promised the expan¬sion of graduate fellowships inthe NDEA; and yet another calledfor placing many of the NDEAprograms on a permanent basis,so that they would not expireafter one year or two years, as isnow the case.The Impacted Areas bill cameIn for some harsh criticism whichthe Democrats promised to actupon.Yet in the blanket extension ofthese two acts — acts which theDemocrats more than anyone elsehad complained about in the past— rests the entire record of thisCongress on education in thiscountry. None of the promisedrevisions were even voted uponon the House or Senate floors. had ever reported.Among these members aresome who usually do abandoncampaign promises. Specifically,Adam Clayton Powell (Dem., NewYork), chairman of the HouseCommittee on Education and La¬bor, has for years had a well de¬served reputation for demagogue¬ry.Yet Powell staged a harder fightin the House for the party’s edu¬cation promises than previouschairmen had ever staged. Itseems a pity that he so far out¬performed those who leveled themost telling criticism against himin the past.In the Senate Wayne Morse(Dem., Oregon), chairman of theSenate Subcommittee on Educa¬tion, reported a completely re¬vised NDEA, the school construc¬tion act, the teachers’ salaries aidbill, an expanded Impacted Areasaid bill, and the host of otherswhich were promised by theDemocratic campaign plank.But on the Senate and Housefloors, the good record of theDemocrats ended. Only a handfulof Representatives seemed capa¬ble of recalling what they hadsaid they were going to vote for. It does not matter whether thissingle, simple act was responsiblefor or respresentative of thatwhich has followed. The centralfact is that one no longer hearsmuch talk of apathy or aware¬ness; instead the dominant phaseseems to have become: studentmovement.Indeed, it is at best a bit pre¬posterous to calmly and placidlytalk about making ones fellow stu¬dents less abjectly apathetic ormore accurately aware, when infact one’s fellow students are be¬ing arrested for eating at segre¬gated lunch counters, are in jailfor sitting in segregated bus sta¬tion waiting rooms, are departingfor Ceylon, and Chile and thePhillipines on Peace corps proj¬ects.Students are dying in Algeriaand Angola fighting for justcauses, are imprisoned in Cuba,Hungary, and Paraguay fightingfor free universities, are impov¬erished in Bolivia and Burma andKorea are trying to do somethingabout it. There is a student move¬ment and we are a part of it.We can find no justificationwithin ourselves for the ceaselessand useless exposition and analy¬sis of our collective ignorance andinactivity — for some of us arealready acting and there is toomuch of importance to be doneto waste time in this manner.An absolute commitment to theidea of social justice lacking acoherent intellectual justificationis, in the final analysis, of littlevalue. To overcome apathy stillleaves us with the bulk of prob¬lems unsolved.On the other hand, the meretriumph of "awareness” is, in it¬self, insufficient. Comprehension,compassion, empathy — the mostacutely developed social con¬science means nothing if it doesnot lead somewhere, if it does notmove in some positive direction.The real, meaningful and last¬ing student movement is pro- The Student Movement, then,consists of these two extraordin¬arily difficult tasks. The majormotive conceptions of our civili¬zation are individually of a daz¬zling complexity; the conscienti¬ous perusual of any of themcould fully occupy your entire un»dergraduate career. But the com¬plexity of this undertaking doesnot diminish its necessity.Similarly, it is most difficult toconceive and then execute pro¬grams of meaningful and matureaction. But this, too, must bedone and will be done. We maycease supporting the sit-ins or thefreedom rides, but the southernNegro student will not stop sit¬ting-in.This campus has never beenexcessively troubled by the prob¬lems of "apathy” or lack of"awareness.” No one would dis¬pute that this is a remarkablywell-informed and acutely intei^ested institution. tOur grave problem is that ofcynicism. Cynicism, in its facileglibness, is at once the most at¬tractive, but also the easiest ofall the intellectual perversions,The job before us is too import¬ant to submit to this kind of non¬sense.The essence of the studentmovement, I would suppose, tsthe growing conviction, on thepart of students, of responsibility,It is not enough to blame theglobal sins of our fathers uponour fathers, for we too are re¬sponsible for the world, and assuch are responsible to the world,bearing the responsibility, wher¬ever and whenever possible, ofcorrecting those social flaw*which we can uncover and under¬stand. \ IWe cannot wait another twentyyears to undertake this work, forin twenty years, unless we dosomething now, the world mightnot be here to receive our minis¬trations.We have no alternative but par¬ticipation in this student move¬ment. One would hope that wecould bring to it a profound In*tellectualism, a heightened morali¬ty and a thorough commitmentto the idea of activism.And it is the Democrats in Con¬gress who must bear the greatestresponsibility for this failure tolive up to campaign promises, toact to improve one of the greatestnational problems.The President and the newCommissioner of Education rec¬ommended acts in accordancewith all of the promises on educa¬tion in the Democratic platform.Never before was the Office ofEducation’s liaison man to Con¬gress busier.And in Congress itself the un¬fortunately all-too-few Democraticmembers of the Senate and HouseEducation subcommittees report¬ed more major bills on educationthan any previous subcommittees In the Senate the situation wasbetter, but when the fever foradjournment began to spread, theDemocrats did the only thingthey could do without effort: theyextended the NDEA and the Im¬pacted areas aid bills.Morse and a few other Demo¬crats were so exasperated thatthey voted against these exten¬sions in protest. It is a tribute toPaul Douglas (Dem., Illinois) thathe was among this lew.About the best that can be saidabout Congressional Democrats isthat they appear to have a guiltyconscience. In feeling a need toexplain their failure, they havetaken to criticising the adminis¬tration for not pressuring theminto taking action. Editor-in-chiefJay GreenbergBusiness manager Advertising managerWilliam G. Bauer Ray MitchellManaging EditorAvima RuderCHICAGO MAROON Sept. 29, 1961 Editor emeritus Ken PierceExecutive news editor Gene VinogradoffCampus news editor Laura GodofskyNational news editor Mike ShakmaniCity news editor Faye WellsAssistant news editor Gary FeldmanCulture editor. ...Dorothy ShorplessCopy editor Suzy GoldbergPolitical news editor Ren Dor I manPhoto coordinators Don Auerbach, Al BergerSupplement cover by Al BergerSecretary to the editor Carole QuinnReseorch ossistant Larry BowmanEditorial staff: Harry Adler, Steve Becker, Barry Bayer, Jay Flocks, Kevin Mo-Honey, Sheldon Nahmud, Ronnie Rosenblatt, Murray Schacher, John Smith,Business sfoff: Betsy Ebert, Phil Hyde, Jean Macleon, Nate Swift, MounceZeitlin./ ’EditorialWelcome fellow studentsSince your arrival on campus a few daysago you have been welcomed, greeted, andacknowledged by veritable streams of uni¬versity officials. You have encountered moredeans than you ever knew existed, and, inci¬dentally, more deans than you will ever meetagain in- your academic careers. Representativesfrom Orientation board, house heads, assistantresident heads all have welcomed you.By the time the registrar has counted you, theadvisors have directed you, and Ihe bursar hashilled you, you should be fully aware of the factthat you are here.In the light of this, a further word of greetingfrom the Maroon might well strike you as totallysuperfluous. Perhaps it is, yet such an infectiouspractice creates its own temptations. Moreover,there are a few important things which haveyet to be said.We welcome you as fellow students.That is all you are and all you need be.Some schools find it necessary to initiate theirentering students, to “test” them, to isolate themas “freshmen,” to make them prove themselvesworthy of matriculation.We need no such system here, for all of youhave already been initiated. Even now you aremembers of that all too small group which hasrecognized the profound significance of learning,of education. This alone proves your worth muchmore than would beanies, or strange clothes, orSummer news deferential manners, or shaved heads, or any ofthe other strange rites practiced elsewhere.Besides, the placement examinations are morethan enough of a test for anyone.We welcome you as individuals with individualdignities, minds, opinions, and pursuits. We ex¬pect you to expand and develop all of these at¬tributes while here.In the coming year you will waste much time,spout yards of cant and gibberish, claim a com¬plete and total knowledge of the opera omnia ofPlato, Aristotle, Aquinas, and all the rest ;youwill lie consistently about your intellectualprowess, and you will change your opinions overand over again in Ihe course of an argument Good!You will steal ideas, party with your friends,plagiarize the Great Books, fly off on wild tan¬gents— political aesthetic, and scientific- drink,go to the theaters and art galleries, and stay upall night listening to Bartok. Fine!And you will study, which is best of all. Youwill probably study just as hard and as diligentlyas have most of your predecessors.It will be some time before you are fully ac¬climated to the university. It will be a few monthsbefore you are sure whether it’s the CTA or^theIC that you can smoke on, whether it’s Good-speed or Eckhart that has the math library,whether it’s Ida Noyes or Reynolds club that hasthe bowling alley, but nevertheless, even now,each one of you is already one of us.We welcome you as fellow students—as peers,friends and eager and sincere young scholars.Rides, UT head summerby Gary FeldmanViolence in a Mississippijail, a stirring petition to theUnited States Supreme Court,three excellent plays pre¬sented in the round, and Indianswho “debated by day and dancedby night,” provided the basis forthe news which highlighted thissummer.Several former University ofChicago students were arrestedin_ Alabama and Mississippi oncharges ranging from disturbingthe peace to accosting while “fre-dom riding,” that is. while partici¬pating in racially mixed bus r idesto test Supreme Court decisionsdeclaring segregation of inter¬state travel facilities illegal.Ralph Fertig and Felix Singer,both from Chicago’s South side,reported that they were br utallytreated in Southern jails. Fertigclaims he was so severely assault¬ed by other pr isoners that he mo¬mentarily lost his hearing. Singersaid prison guards dragged himthrough mud and along a con¬crete floor with a metal hook, andlater hit and kicked him for tenminutes.Other “freedom riders” report¬ed that they were treated wellwhile in jail. In a Thoreauianmood, former UC student govern¬ment member Zev Aeloni wrotefrom a Jackson, Mississippi jail,“We are among the freer sub¬jects of Mississippi.”UC law graduate George Anas-taplo began the last round of histen-year fight for admission tothe bar by petitioning the Su¬preme Court for a re hearing.In 1951 a bar committee deniedAnastaplo admission to the barsolely because he refused to an¬swer the question, “Are you amember of the Communist par¬ty?” Anastaplo said that althoughhe could have easily (and truth¬fully) answered in the negative,lie did not because he believed theUNIVERSITYBARBER SHOP1453 E. 57thFine haircuttingFour barbers workingLadies' haircuttingShoe shiningFloyd C. ArnoldProprietor question “to be in the nature of atest oath and to be improper, un-gentlemanly and unconstitutionalinquiry.”On April 24 of this year, the Su¬preme Court ruled in a five tofour decision that the bar commit¬tee was within its rights when itrefused Anastaplo admission tothe bar.The Supreme Court decisionstates that there is nothing toprevent Anastaplo from becom¬ing a member of the bar simplyby answering the questions putto him by the bar committee.In his petition, Anastaplo coun¬tered that answering these ques¬tions would not give the commit¬tee any additional useful informa¬tion on his fitness for the bar,but simply be “a selfish and evenunmanly submission.” Anastaplothen asked, “Should this, kind ofbehavior make him (me) appearin a more favorable light beforea tr ibunal of lawyers dedicated tothe moral fitness of the bar?”Anastaplo admitted that thechance of his petition being grant¬ed is less than one per cent.The concluding words of the pe¬tition are: “Petitioner is satisfiedhe has acted as one ought. He isfurther satisfied that his actionwill continue to serve the best in¬terests of the bar and of the coun¬try. The generous sentiments ofthe dissenting opinions elicited byhis cause in Chicago, in Spring-field, and in Washington keepalive hopes for the success of ef¬forts to make the institutions andlaws of our people a reflection ofdecency and perhaps even of no¬bility.”During the interim betweenspring and summer quarters, 600American Indians gathered on thequadrangles under the coordina¬tion of UC anthropologist Sol Taxto write a forty-page Declarationof Indian Purpose.The Declaration called upon theEye ExaminationFashion EyewearContact lensesDr. Kurt Rosenbaumoptometrist1132 E. 55th Streetat University Ave.HYde Park 3-8372Student and FacultyDiscount United States government tocease the policy of terminatingits role as trustee of Indian lands,to provide more education, and tocease breaking Indian treaties.Eloquently, the Indians wrote,“What we ask of America is notcharity, not paternalism, evenwhen benevolence. We ask onlythat the nature of our situationbe recognized and made the basisof policy and action.“In short, the Indians ask forassistance, technical and finan¬cial, for the time needed, howeverlong that may be, to regain in theAmerica of the space age somemeasure of the adjustment theyenjoyed as the original possessorsof their native land.”Court Theatre presented threeplays, Pirandello’s “Six Charac¬ters in Search of an Author,”Joyce’s “Ulysses in Nighttown,”a n d Shakespeare’s “Henry IV,Part I”; and four special concertsfeaturing guitarist Carlos Mon¬toya, folksinger Josh White, actorBasil Rathbone, and pianist LindaUoffen,Typical Maroon reviewer’s com¬ments on the plays include “effec¬tively done” and “comment . . .can only be laudatory.”“Dialogue: The American the¬atre today” was the title andtheme of the Midwest Theatre con¬ference which was held on cam¬pus in late July. The purpose ofthe conference was to examinethe conditions of the modernAmerican theatre.While on campus, one of theparticipants of the conference,Kenenth Burke, a critic, poet, andphilosopher delivered the 218thMoody lecture. The title of thelecture was “Poetics and linguis¬tics : Aristotle-Coleridge-Poe.”The University appropriated(Continued on page 28)TAI-SAM-Y6.NCHINESE - AMERICANRESTAURANTSpecializing inCANTONFSE ANDAMERICAN D1SHETOpen Daily11 A M. to 10:34 P.M.ORDERS TO TAKB OUT13IS Entt 63rd St. BU 8-9M8 On Campus withMait§hulman(Author of “/ Was a Teen-age Dwarf, “The ManyLoves of Dobie Gillis”, etc.)ONCE MORE, UNTO THE BREACHWith tlii.s installment I begin my eighth year of writing columnsfor the makers of Marlboro Cigarettes, as fine a bunch of menas you would meet in a month of Sundays—loyal, true, robust,windswept, forthright', tattooed—in short, precisely the kindof men you would expect them to be if you were familiar withthe cigarettes they make—and I hope you are—for Marlboro,like its makers, is loyal, true, robust, windswept, forthright,tattooed.There is, however, one important difference between Marl¬boro and its makers. Marlboro has a filter and the makers donot—except of course for Windswept T. Sigafoos, Vice Presidentin charge of Media Research. Mr. Sigafoos does have a filter.I don’t mean that Mr. Sigafoos personally has a filter. What Imean is that he has a filter in his swimming pool at his home inFairbanks, Alaska. You might think that Fairbanks is ratheran odd place for Mr. Sigafoos to live, being such a long distancefrom the Marlboro home office in New York City. But it shouldbe pointed out that Mr. Sigafoos is not required to lx4 at workuntil 10 A.M.But I digress. This column, I say, will take up questions ofburning interest to the academic world—like “Should Frenchconversation classes be conducted in English?” and “Shouldstudents be allowed to attend first hour classes in pajamas androbes?” and “Can a student of 18 find happiness with an eco¬nomics professor of 90?”Because many of you are new to college, especially freshmen,perhaps it would be well in this opening column to start withcampus fundamentals. What, for example, does “Alina Mater”mean? Well, sir, “Alma Mater” is Latin for “send money”.What does “Dean” mean? Well, sir, “Dean” is Latin for“don’t get caught”.What does “dormitory” mean? Well, sir, “dormitory” isLatin for “bed of pain”.Next, let us discuss student-teacher relationships. In collegethe keynote of the relationship l)etween student and teacher isinformality. When you meet a teacher on campus, you neednot salute. Simply tug your forelock. If you are bald and haveno forelock, a low curtsey will suffice. In no circumstancesshould you polish a teacher’s car or sponge and press bis suit.It is, however, permissible to worm his dog.With the President of the University, of course, your relation¬ship will be a bit more formal. When you encounter the Presi¬dent, fling yourself prone on the sidewalk and sing loudly:.“Prexy is wisePrexy is truePrexy has eyesOf Lake Louise blue.”As you can see, the President of the University is called“Prexy”. Similarly, Deans are called “Dixie”. Professors arecalled “Proxie”. Housemothers are called “Hoxie Moxie”,Students are called “Amoebae”.This uncensored, free-wheeling column will be brought toyou throughout the school year by the makers of Marlboroand Marlboro’s partner in pleasure, the new, un/iltered,king-size Philip Morris Commander. If unfiltered cigarettesare your choice, try a Commander, You'll be welcome aboard.TAVERNLIQUORSSept. 29, 1961 • CHICAGO MAROON • 1Conservatives defeated at NSA Congressby Steve HarrisThe Young Americans for3'reedom and other conserva¬tive and rightist organizationsstaked much prestige uponthis summer’s 14th NationalStudent congress. They ar¬rived at the University of Wiscon¬sin, site of the fifteen dayconvention, armed with muchmoney, mimeograph materials,speakers and walkie-talkie sets.They lost badly and bitteiiy.Liberal elements once againdemonstrated their overridingcontrol of the United States Na¬tional Student association(USNSA).USNSA is a confederation ofnearly 400 colleges and universi¬ties, scattered throughout the country, representing over a mil¬lion and a quarter students.Founded in 1946 at the Universityof Chicago, the organization hasgrown to become the largest na¬tional union of students in theworld, serving the general needsof the American student and rep¬resenting him locally, nationally,and internationally.The University of Chicago, acharter member of the Associa¬tion, has been one of the mostactive participating schoolsthroughout its fifteen year his¬tory.Liberalism has always been theorientation of the organization,but in recent years, this uncom¬promising liberalism has becomecolored by a growing tendencytowards activism.THREE PIZZA'S FORTHE PRICE OF TWOFree I7.C. DeliveryTerry ’sMl 3-4045Small .. $1.00MediumLargeExtra Large . . $2.95Giant . . $3.951518 E. 63rd The Young Americans for Free¬dom (YAF) and their related or¬ganizations set their minds tothe task of either winning controlof USNSA, discrediting it as muchas possible, or destroying it.In an article appearing in NewGuard, the YAF magazine, YAFdirector Howie Phillips (formerstudent council chairman at Har-vard) outlined their strategy:“Young Americans for Free¬dom, which expects to have sev¬eral hundred of its members inattendance at the 14th NSA Con¬gress (August 16-30) in an effortto make their views heard, hasalso approved resolutions callingfor specific reforms in NSA.“SCANR (Students Committedto Accurate National Representa¬tion), a nonpartisan committeecomprised primarily of liberalsinterested in the procedural re¬form of NSA, has i*apidly gainedsupport from colleges throughoutthe country.“In addition, the Committee fora Responsible National StudentOrganization has welded togethera powerful, region-by-region co¬alition which will work to co¬ordinate the efforts of conserva¬tives and moderates in regionalcaucuses, workshops, committees,and in the plenary session of theCongress. Special working papershave been published by CRNSO^lllllllllllillllllllllllltllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllilllllllllllllllllllllllllllltllllllllllllllillfllllllllllllllllllllllllllii| THE STAFF OF THE 1961-62UNIVERSITY YEARBOOK for the use of NSA delegates inpresenting those aspects of politi¬cal issues not adequately coveredin NSA documents; in addition, anews letter will be published atthe Congress to inform partici¬pants of new circumstances, asthey may develop.“CRNSO is prepared to lead awalkout of member colleges fromNSA, if it is clear that the reformforces are not being given a fairchance to achieve their objectivesby working within NSA.”Phillips, who lost his delegatestatus when he was placed on pro¬bation by Harvard, was the headof CpNSO. He was not able toproduce either his promised “bus¬loads of conservatives” or hiswalkout. Walkie:talkies were inevidence though, as young con¬servatives marched about theCongress floor communicatingwith their headquarters, whichthey piquantly referred to as “BigBrother.”Kay Wonderlic of Northwest¬ern, who created and served aschairman of SCANR, not onlylost in her bid for “reform” butalso lost the support of the hand¬picked Northwestern delegationshe brought with her.The liberals had girded theirforeign car hospital== -s*»e« pogc 9 loins for a full fledged battle, butsoon discovered that YAF’s prom¬ised iron fist was a soggy papersack. So complete was the routthat the liberals, for want of morepressing activity, fell to some ofihe most bitter in-fighting everseen at an NSA congress. .The most hotly debated sub¬stantive issue at the fourteenthNational Student Congress wasthe House Committee on Un-American Activities (HUAC).Last year a resolution was passedcondemning the Committee andcalling for reform or abolition.During the intervening year, themovie “Operation Abolition”prompted a good deal of campuscomment on the committee.The liberals had little hope ofgetting the Congress to pass aresolution calling for outrightabolition of HUAC and weresomewhat surprised when the ap¬propriate legislative committeereported out a resolution demand¬ing dismemberment.The Congress plenary, consist¬ing of all 550 voting delegates,had to choose between this ma¬jority, report and a minority re-port, equally critical, but moremildly calling for reform orabolition of HUAC. The abolitionresolution was finally acceptedfor debate by a narrow margin of20 votes, with a subsequent mo¬tion for reconsideration beingdefeated by 40 votes.The most sanguine of liberals■ Continued on page 11)the:CAP and GOWNHP* WELCOMES!STUDENTSns well asPHOTOGRAPHERS, FEATFRE WRITERS,ARTISTS, FAMOUS PERSONALITIESAND FLFNKIES Ellen Coughlin Beauty SalonNOW OPEN IN OIK NEW LOCATION5060 Lake Park Ave. Ml 3-2060Open Mon. - Sat. — 9 a.m. - II p.m.eomiGHT © imi. rut roe* -al» company ccr» cola ano ee*r am »mnreM0 r»An»*<«-.sTO PARTICIPiiw the acquisition this documentary treatise of theUniversity for the year 1991-62ATREGISTRATIONand other diverse and sundry rumpus locationsANDINVITESthe aforementioned persons to partake in the festivities at1-Activities Night2-Annual OctoberEditor's PartyANDto receive further information at our Ida Noyes Office3:99-5:00 P.M., OR to see your local recruiter8 • CHICAGO MAROON • Sept. 29, 1961 a iy 1BETWEEN CLASSES...get that refreshing new feelingwith Coke!Bottled under authority of The Coco-Cola Company byThe Coca-Cola Bottling Company of Chicago it/>G A D F L¥Aubrey Samson puts survival in SalvationWhat is man's responsibility tohis fellow man? Is there anyoneout there who knows? Recall thesearch your follow human beingshave been carrying on for centu¬ries. Man, torn, twisted, bent withthe weight of his years, is stillsearching. With resourcefulnessand courage, he has pitted his in¬telligence against the silent voidsof the universe, until today, whenhe has finally realized that he can¬not lot the question go unan¬swered any longer: what is man’sresponsibility to his fellow man?With these words still impreg¬nated upon his consciousness, Au¬brey Samson, the honorable andaged senator from the gloriousstate of New Caltexmiss. a statewhich gave us baseball and pro¬hibition, prepared to rise to thespeaker’s stand to address thethousands who had stood half thenight just to glimpse the greatman.Aubrey Samson grew up inGod’s own backyard, in the smalltown of Salvation, New Caltex¬miss. At first a mild manneredboy, who no one imagined wouldreach the heights that he did, helater went on to become a strong,vigorous leader in the strugglefree men were waging for a bet¬ter life.If one were to seek the majorinfluences which moulded Au¬brey's character, one would partlyfind (he answer in the effect thathis reading had upon him. Hisparents proudly tell us that be¬fore he had reached the age of tenhe had already mastered the en¬tire Bartlett's Familiar Quota¬tions, and the set of books whichcame to be known as Barry Gild-water’s Stories for Children fafamiliar household expression inhome? throughout America).While attending the University ofNew Caltexmiss he founded a po¬litical club which attempted tobring the "light” to all those un¬fortunate dupes of communism,those atheistic materialists, thoseneed a haircut - desperately social¬ists. those hands-off-Cuba revolu¬tionaries, those ban-the-bomb re¬actionaries, those one-world politi¬ cal sophists, and those no-more-war idealists.From the north to the sbuth,east to the \yest, ol’ Aubrey car¬ried the "word.” And rememberfolks, remember what Aubreykept telling us over and overagain: how we wer'e engaged in alife and death struggle which canonly end in total and absolutevictory lor the free world; howwe must be extra careful of those"people” who kept knockingAmerica: that the only race prej¬udice that exists in America, ex¬ists in the minds of the Negroes.We all knew these things, folks.We were there. No one could foolus. But remember those otherswho didn’t see things the way weand Aubrey saw them. Rememberthose characters on those busescausing all sorts of trouble —even in restaurants, in moviehouses, in drug stores; why it gotso that a man couldn’t even choose his own company, or sitwith whom he wanted to whenhe went to eat. Freedom was dis¬appearing fast, but it was AubreySamson, leading the fight for re¬spectability, which finally tri¬umphed.He convinced almost everybody(including the Negroes) thatthere was no such thing as raceprejudice in America; and be¬sides, we certainly do not havethat problem now, even if somepeople thought we did in the past— people who wanted to do noth¬ing but run America into theground. No, we certainly do nothave that problem now.Well, as time is drawing nearfor Aubrey to speak to us, we hadbetter get on to his crowningachievement. It was Aubrey Sam¬son who built that tremendousnuclear bomb shelter on top ofthe hill running through Salva¬tion. It housed about two thou¬ sand and contained enough foodand water for everyone for twoweeks. Aubrey was a dis¬tinguished senior senato” by thenand he used his own money forthe project. You see, Aubrey be¬came the Chairman of the SenateCommittee on Migrant Farm La¬bor and rapidly learned how toget those “foreigners” to put in agood day’s work — especially onhis own farm. When the unfortu¬nate event, which none of us liketo recall, took place, Aubreymarched two thousand of hisfriends into his shelter (historianshave named this “The Day ofLiberation”).And so here we are. The radia¬tion has not changed us much.We still have pretty much theshape of our ill-fated parents, ex¬cept for a few minor alterations:some of us have cancer, some ofus are blind, some of us have noarms, some of us . . . but, we areStudent loses NSF grantA University of Illinois student has lost a $3800 National Science Foundation (NSF)grant because of his conviction for contempt of Congress. NSF spokesmen claimed the con¬viction might result in the student’s inability to complete the period of the grant.The student is Edward L. Yellin, a graduate student in mechanical engineering.A Champaign-Urbana committee formed in Yellin’s defense charged that the real rea¬son for the cancellation was political pressure on the NSF by members of Congress.Yellin’s conviction, which car- plained tha’t federal funds shouldries a one-year jail sentence, grewout of his refusal three years agoto cooperate with the House Com¬mittee on un-American activities.The ease is now on appeal to theUS Supreme court. According tothe Champaign-Urbana commit¬tee, it is unlikely that even lossof the appeal would result inYellin’s imprisonment as soon asJune, 1962, the date the grant ex¬pires.Yellin was awarded the grantlast March after two years of"excellent work and very finegrades” at the University of Illi¬nois. Members of the Un-Ameri¬can Activities committee com- not be awarded to anyone sus¬pected of "Commurtist or subver¬sive activities.’’Jim Lesar, chairman of theUrbana committee, countered:"Yellin’s work in bio-medical en¬gineering does not involve thenational security. It does notnecessitate access to secret infor¬mation. Nor has he been provena ‘Communist or subversive’ assome members of Congress haveimplied."If a man is to be penalized,American principles of justice re¬quire that he first be tried andfound guilty of the wrong doingwith which he is charged. The NSF could have charged Yellinwith perjury in signing the loyal¬ty oath and disclaimer affidaviton his application if it believedhe were a subversive. But it hasnot even accused him of perjury."too(g ^ iNKpftif t mDEALERS IN:MG • MORRIS • AUSTINRILEY • LAMBRETTA5740 s. lake parkdo 3-0707service cImmc: 2306 e. 71 >t st.mi 3-3113BOB LESTERmej psychiatrist THE FRET SHOPNEW AND USED GUITARS,BANJOS, MANDOLINSSUPPLIES, REPAIRS, BOOKSCLASSES —CHECK RIGHT AWAYUNUSUAL INSTRUMENTS1551 E. 57th St. NO 7-10601-3, 5-10 p.m. Weekdays10-5 Saturday fir SundayIT’S GOOD TO SEE YOU!Welcome back to all our old friends, and welcome to our new ones. We hope youhave a good year. Come in and let us help you with your school needs.The Textbook department has the books your instructor requested for your class re¬quirements—clearly arranged by subject for efficient self-service, and for courteous helpif needed.The Stationery department can supply you with paper for everything from doodling todissertations, notebooks, pencils, pens, and hundreds of items to simplify the details ofschool life.The Trade book department offers you the newest and best in scholarly and genera!books for your wide range of interests. Art prints to decorate your walls are available (seeour window this week), and a special order service for books not in stock is at your dis¬posal.So—let us serve you soon. We're happy youVe here.THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO BOOKSTORE5802 Ellis Avenue Ulysses of days long gone pastHad a mind that was keen and so fast!When the sirens' attractionDrove his men to distraction,He just stapled them all to the mast!no bigger thana pack of gum!(toMiif till ityJu)Unconditionally Guaranteed• Made in America!9 Tot 50 refills always available9 Buy it at your stationery,variety or bookstore dealer!INC.Lone toland City 1, Now YorkWORLD'S LARGC.sr manufacturerOF STAPLERS FOR HOME AND OFFICE all free.Here we are. We are a free peo¬ple, in a free world, a world de¬void of prejudice, about to beginagain. But, not wanting to makethe mistake of our undone prede¬cessors, we have chosen to askAubrey Samson right from thestart to set us on the proper path.We, have finally come to themoment we have all been waitingfor, the time for the illustrioussenator from the now defunctstate of New Caltexmiss to tellus what man’s responsibility tohis fellow man is.Here he comes folks: the en¬thusiasm as terrific, the roar ofthe crowd is drowning out myvoice. He has barely reached thepodium, his aged white head isbowed in humility before the tu¬multous thousands, and now, ina strong unwavering voice he be¬gins to speak....My friends, man’s responsibilityto his fellow man is:A FREE ECONOMY IN A FREEWORLD! ! !PubliusAN UNPAIDTESTIMONIALRichard the Lion-Hearted says:1 would mtvhm suemimiIngland... if I’d hadJockeu© OfVLNO msupportC’mon, Rich! You’re rationaliz¬ing. Jockey support! might neverhave secured you against theEmperor2. But it certainly wouldhave provided snug protectionagainst the physical stresses andstrains of your active life. Yourarmorer never tailored a coat ofmail more knowingly than Jockeytailors a brief-from 13 separate,body-conforming pieces.1. Other "imitation” briefs (copies of theoriginal Jockey brand) have no woreJockey support than a limp loin cloth.2. Richard the Lion-Hearted, 1157-99,surrendered England and a huge ransomto secure his release from Henry VI.Get i.ie real thing. Look forthe name JOCkStf on the waist band^Jockey briefsCOOPER'S, INC. • KENOSHA, WIS.Sept. 29, 1961 CHICAGO MAROONHutchins discusses universitiesby Jay Greenbergand Ken PierceWhen Robert MaynardHutchins announced he wasresigning his post as chancel¬lor of the University of Chi¬cago to become an associatedirector of the Ford founda¬tion, the University and the na¬tion were thunderstruck.A stunned faculty reacted withStatements like:. . no greater tragedy couldhappen to the University than forMr. Hutchins to persist in his de¬cision to resign as chancellor.”"This is the end of an era . . .Hutchins made the Universitygreat because he gave it free¬dom.”"I don’t know anybody who canfill Hutchins’ shoes.”Even those who opposed Hutch¬ins’ policies and ideology agreedthat Hutchins had made a tre¬mendous impact upon Americaneducation during the 21 years heheaded the university. And today,eleven years after his departurefrom Chicago, the policies andstatements of Robert MaynardHutchins are remembered anddebated by faculty and students0t UC and elsewhere.Like almost all Chicago stu¬dents, the co-authors of this re¬port have spent their undergrad¬uate years in the shadow of theHutchins legend. Last August weVisited Hutchins at his currentresidence — the Center for theStudy of Democratic InstitutionsfCDI), in Santa Barbara, Califor¬nia. This article is the first of aseries of articles in which we willreport on our two-day visit.The CDI is located in the hills -Surrounding Santa Barbara, over¬looking the Pacific ocean. A re¬converted private estate housesthe distinguished members of thisthirty-member community.One’s first impression uponmeeting the former "boy wonderof American education” is thatexcept for his silver-white hairthe 61 year old Hutchins seems nodifferent from 20 year old photo¬graphs.The first topic we discussedwas American higher education.The text of this discussion isprinted below.Q. Before we discuss educationin America, perhaps we need adefinition of the word "education”itself. I’m not sure I know exactlywhat the word means.A. Education is the cultivation ofthe intellect. Your job, therefore,(in setting up a university) is tocultivate an intellectual commu¬nity in which this can be accom¬plished.Q. I wonder how you would de¬fine general education?A. General education is the kindof education everybody needs. . . .I never cared for the word "gen¬eral” very much. I used the word"liberal” whenever I could. At thetime I started out, liberal educa¬tion was in disfavor. General edu¬cation was a word that could beaccepted. I never meant anythingelse than liberal education.Q. Is there a real difference be¬tween general and liberal educa¬tion?A. I think so. The reason why ev¬erybody accepts general educationis that everybody believes there issomething more or less basic thateverybody should have. The ques¬tion is whether that is the ability,the training to earn a living, orlearning how to be respectable.It’s at this point that the issuearises. It’s for this reason that a•liberal education was in disrepute.It was thought to be academic, re¬mote from real life, archaic.Q. You said that liberal educationwas the kind of education every¬body needs. Why?A. This takes you as far as youwant to go into the nature of man.If you take the view that man isessentially a rational animal, theobject of the liberal arts is to de¬velop his rationality. . . . But, ofcourse, if you deny that man is arational animal, or think it doesn’tmake any difference, then thereis nothing to a liberal education.<$. So you think t*»c failing of most American colleges comesin the elective system?A. Well, this is certainly one fail¬ing. The essential problem is:what is the purpose of education;what is the purpose of a univer¬sity? If you look at what the uni¬versities in this country are do¬ing, you would conclude that theyhave about three purposes thatare almost totally unrelated. Oneis scientific research — this isthe great sales pitch of today. Thesecond is vocational certification.This is not necessarily vocationaltraining. What vocational certifi¬cation means is that because youhave been in an institution of acertain type you are entitled toengage in a certain occupation.The third thing that universitiesdo is to provide a place for theaccommodation of the young w’ho,according to the social conven¬tions of the time, are not sup¬posed to go to work. Everybody’ssupposed to go to college now.Many people have no interest ingoing to college, other than this;they’re not engaged in scientificresearch, they don’t even wantvocational certificates. The so-called educational institutions pro¬vide a place in which they canbe accommodated until they areready to go to work. Under thesecircumstances, it’s useless to hopethat you can have an educationor an educational institution inmy definition.Q. Where would you draw theline between vocational trainingand the true results of education?A. I don’t see any purpose in hav¬ing a university certify people fora vocation or train them for avocation unless the vocation is inthe public interest. ... I wouldsay that unless a profession hasan intellectual content, and has itin its own right, It isn’t a profes¬sion.Q. People might object to that onthe grounds that these peoplehave to have some training insome way if there is going to bea profession; the universities arethere, they have the buildingsand the facilities, so why not?A. The first reason is that theuniversity can’t do it, and thesecond reason is that there areother ways (to give them thetraining) that are better. Thereisn’t any way that a universitycan teach people how to do any¬thing. . . .Q. You also spoke about the com¬monly accepted belief that a uni¬versity is a place to dump a kidfor some crucial years in his de¬velopment. Taking for grantedthat this is wrong as far as thepeople who do the dumping areconcerned, what responsibility orwhat behavior does this imposeupon the university which re¬ceives those who are dumped onits doorstep each autumn?A. Well, I never could understandhow a university had a responsi¬bility to take a boy the age of 20— which, in my view, the begin¬ning of the junior year, was aplace at which the universityshould have begun — unless hehad demonstrated some qualifica¬tions for its work. Society has toarrange for young people to getabsorbed into it in some harmless— and if possible, some effective— way. But that, it seems to me,can be done by the completion ofhigh school. I don’t see any rea¬son why the university shouldtake on this responsibility.Q. Still leaving room for disagree¬ment as to the way in which it’sdone, universities and colleges to¬day are both successful to the ex¬tent that they are communities. Itseems to me there must be morethan that.A. They aren’t even educational institutions unless they are commu¬nities — and intellectual com¬munities. So the number of edu¬cational institutions by this stand¬ard in the U. S. is negligible.Q. Can you name any?A. I can’t think of any at the mo¬ment, but the St. John’s collegehas a pretty good shot at it —for the reason that the curricu¬ lum is required. Everyone therehas been through it — even thefaculty wives. The whole commu¬nity discusses, therefore, whatthey have in common — a courseof study. The easy contrast iswhat occurred when I was at NewHaven — or any other place I’veever been. Your conversation isabout extra-curricular activities,because you haven’t any curricu¬lum in common. You haven’t any¬thing in common except the samegeographical location and thesame age.Q. In the word "community,”there’s a geographical implica¬tion. What practical problemswould you say Chicago ran intoregarding the intellectual com¬munity? There probably are a lotof problems in attempting to in¬sist on a general education cur- that here on the West Coast, mostof the university presidents seemto spend most of their time inmeetings dealing with how they’regoing to prevent one anotherfrom stealing each other’s foot¬ball players.The whole attention that isgiven to universities centersaround athletic competition whichis easy to understand — that is,the competition is easy to under¬stand, not the excitement about it.So you got off to what is, in myopinion, an erroneous start; andthen, because you want to remainpopular and get more money, youget yourself involved in all kindsof things better designed to in¬crease your popularity.The public then gets propriatedand flattered more and more sothat the university, instead of be¬Robert Maynard Hutchins, photographed during his earlyyears at UC.rieulum, even more so today thanearlier. Do you think these can besurmounted?A. Well, I think it’s probably im¬possible. The problems fall rough¬ly into three related categories,all influenced by one another: theproblem of the public, the prob¬lem of the faculty, and the prob¬lem of the student. The problemof the public is . the people ofthis country started developinguniversities in a big way for eco¬nomic reasons. This is not whathappened originally, I think — al¬though you can make a prettygood case that even Harvard andYale had a kind of economicorigin.When you go into the estab-lisment of American colleges dur¬ing the civil war, you have a realconviction not that intellectualactivity is a good thing in itself;not that education is a good thingin itself; not even that educationis an occupation for gentlemen,because there were no Americangentlemen; but that there wasa direct connection between whatthese institutions should do andthe economic success of the indi¬viduals who passed through themand the country that supportedthem.I think it fair to say that thisapproach to education — unless itis now taken over by Russia — isunique in the world. You havesomething else that goes alongwith this in a time of great pros¬perity and at a time of public re¬lations, in selling the confusion inthe public mind about what a uni¬versity is,' elaborated by every¬thing that appeals to them and isnot an essential part of work.Football is a perfect example.No man from Mars, for example,at the University, would be ableto understand the connection astadium out here, with thesecheering thousands has with thework of the university buildings.It’s impossible. But the fact is ing a center of independentthought, becomes a service sta¬tion. No university today wouldthink of engaging in independentcriticism of the society. . . . Uni¬versities are members of the es¬tablishment par excellence. They’dend up having to criticize them¬selves -— which would be fatal.The evolvement of the academicworld since 1900 has meant thatthe intellectual community be¬comes, for all practical purposes,impossible, because of the veryhigh degrees of specialization;and the more this high degree ofspecialization is reflected in theorganization of the institution,the more difficult communicationbecomes. . .Q. On the question of the pres¬sure of the public, is the univer¬sity trapped by this without anyhope of getting out of it, or isthere a way?A. Well, I think you can get outof it, but it takes a little patience,and it takes a great deal of con¬fidence on the part of those whoare responsible for its banish¬ment.Q. Can a university function with¬out money?A. Well, that is a subject uponwhich I hold heretical views. Idon’t believe that universities re¬quire anywhere near as much asthey say they do. ... I don’t be¬lieve funds are required for thepurposes for which they are saidto be required.Q. Returning to the second prob¬lem you mentioned — communi¬cation between the various disci¬plines, I just finished readingC. P. Snow’s "The Two Cultures.”The impression I got was thatSnow wanted the humanists andthe social scientists to try to goout of their ways to understandthe scientists, rather than to have a reciprocal type of understand¬ing. How do you feel?A. I don’t think that the scien¬tists are so important. It seemsto me that the thing to do is toorganize into a group of about 300students and 30 faculty members— the representatives of the ma¬jor disciplines —N and they canwork together.Q. In much of your work here atthe center yoii are concerned withthe problem of adapting the |x>-litical framework to a technolog¬ical society. I just wondered aboutthe problem of adjusting educa¬tional concepts to match a tech¬nological society. If you do thisdo you do it in favor of teachingtechnology, or don’t you do it atall?A. There is no doubt that mathand science are part of a liberaleducation. I’m not really con¬cerned about teaching technology,but I’m certainly very concernedabout teaching science and mathe¬matics. The question is not howwe become more technological,but what do we do about tech¬nology.Now this applies in understand¬ing of technology which, I think,can bo done through science, butthe principle question is what arethe social, economic, and politicalinstitutions which have to be in¬vented in order to deal with tech¬nology.Q. And to talk almitt this, menhave to be at least liberally edu¬cated. The thing I was getting atwas in terms of the student — thethird problem. A physics studenttoday has real problems takingnon-science courses. I wonder ifyou were a little more sympa¬thetic toward his problem in \ iewof increasing technology? That is,does he have, today, a’better ex¬cuse for being "uneducated"?A. No, I don’t think he has. Theprincipal opponents of liberal edu¬cation at the University of Chi¬cago were the members of themedical faculty. Their idea wasthat our students operated undera handicap because they had to bemade civilized before they werepermitted to study medicine. Theywanted the student during hisfreshman and sophomore years tospend all his time on physics andchemistry.Actually, we went ahead andpaid no attention to the medicalfaculty for many years, developedthis college program, and I couldnever see that the requirementsof medical technology and med¬ical science placed those studentsat a disadvantage. The disadvan¬tage existed entirely in the mindsof the medical faculty who werenot themselves :liberaUy educatedand couldn’t see the value of it.Q. Let me reluctantly attributethat quote about liberal educa¬tion including two years of spe¬cialization. It comes from a num¬ber of UC people.A. If you identify liberal educa¬tion with the four years of col¬lege, then you’re quite right.There’s been a tremendous tend¬ency to convert the last two yearsinto years of specialization.Q. That's the point. I’ve heard itexpressed often of late that thecurriculum at a university is notimportant, that rather the ex¬posure to great thinkers, to com¬munity. . . .A. That’s a very ancient view.Q. What would you say aismtthat?A. Well, as I’ve already said, it’sa kind of educational utilitarian¬ism. It absolves you of any neces¬sity to think about anything. Youjust go out and find a man with agreat reputation or a glowing per¬sonality and expose students tohim; you’ve done your duty. Thisis not too difficult to do, but itisn’t of very much value.10 • CHICAGO MAROON • Sept. 29, 1961Controversy on Cuba at NSA congress(Continued from page 8)was taken aback by the final vote,when the Congress passed theabolition statement 269 in favor,158 againstThis resolution asserted that“The mandate of the Committeeis. itself, defective and inherentlycontrary to our democratic tradi¬tions. The HU AC has directly andindirectly encroached upon uni¬versity autonomy and on thelegitimate freedom of studentsand faculties. In so doing theHouse committee has conditionedindividuals to an unnecessary fearof controversy and has threatenedthe vigor of the free institutionupon which a democratic socialorder depends.“USNSA disaproves of theHU AC on the grounds that no‘propaganda’ should be restrictedin a democratic society and thatcongressional investigation of‘propaganda’ can serve no legis¬lative purpose which is consistentwith the Constitutional guaranteethat ‘Congress shall make no law. . . abridging the freedom ofspeech.'“USNSA strongly urges thatthe House Committee on Un-American Activities be abolished.USNSA commends Representa¬tives Roosevelt, Ashley, Green,Kastenmeier, O’Hara and Ryanfor their courageous commitmentto the abolition of the HUAC.”(O'Hara is the Congressmen fromUC’s district.)A second, but not nearly so con¬troversial item of legislation wasa basic policy declaration on thetopic: “In Loco Parentis” (Inlieu of parents). This refers tothe common justification pre¬sented for university paternalism:that a school must assume pa¬ rental responsibility over itsimmature charges. The resolutiondeclared:“USNSA continues to affirmthe belief that the university mustnot restrict those freedoms ofthought, associations and actionwhich are simultaneously the pre¬requisites of a fully democraticsocial order and personal develop¬ment. The vision toward whichwe strive is that of a democraticuniversity in which all share cer¬tain rights of participation inmatters of common concern andof freedom of inquiry associationand development, and where pa¬ternalism is replaced by fellow¬ship in the company of scholars.“USNSA condemns the tradi¬tion of in loco parentis and theedueat ional habits and practicesit justifies.“In loco parentis doctrine per¬mits arbitrary and extensive re¬pression of student pursuits andthereby impairs the total signifi¬cance of the university as a centerfor the conflict of ideas.”The second most controversialresolution was probably theCuban bill. At the twelfth andthirteenth Congresses, statementswere adopted asserting NSA’ssupport of the social aims of theCuban resolution. Grave reserva¬tions were emerging last summerover the mechanisms used toeffect those aims, but no officialcriticism was voiced out of fearthat to do so would cause theforeign car salesDR. A. ZIMBLER, OptometristIN THENEW HYDE PARK SHOPPING CENTER1510 E. 55th St. DO 3-7644EYE EXAMINATIONSPRESCRIPTIONS FILLED CONTACT LENSESNEWEST STYLING IN FRAMESSTUDENT DISCOUNTJACKSON PARKBIKE SHOPThis year's special: Popular Special withEnglish Sturmey Archer Gears, Hand Brakes(We Sell the Best and Repair the Rest)$ 39.95COME IN AND SEE THESE BIKESAUTHORIZED DEALER FOR★ Raleigh ★ Dunelt ★ Robin Hoad★ Rudge ★ Schwinn★ And Other Fine Foreign MakesEXPERT REPAIRS ON ALL MAKES & MODELSPARTS tr ACCESSORIESDOMESTIC & FOREIGN5353 S. Lake ParkNO 7-9860 DO 3-7524 cessation of meaningful commu¬nication between USNSA and allthe Latin American nationalunions of students.USNSA walked a delicate tight¬rope in passing its current Cubanresolution which read, in part:“USNSA deplores the violationsby the Cuban government of uni¬versity autonomy and of theacademic rights of students andfaculty members. USNSA recog¬nizes that essential academic free¬dom is restricted within Cuba asa result of the existence of a dic¬tatorial form of government. Inaccordance with USNSA’s princi¬ples of academic freedom, univer¬sity autonomy and freedom ofassociation we abhor repressiveactions of governments.“A solution to the problem ofacademic freedom and universityautonomy can only be reached bythe Cuban people themselves. Theattainment of a Cuban solutionto these problems is jeopardizedby such external interventions as the United Slates government in¬volvement in the Cuban refugeeinvasion of April, 1961 and theSoviet arms shipment to theCuban government. USNSA,therefore, condemns both theseactions, even while affirming ourbelief that the basic responsibilityfor the current lack of freedom inCuba rests with the Cuban gov¬ernment. USNSA supports thoseCuban students who continue tostruggle for academic and per¬sonal freedom, university auton¬omy, and human dignity.”The Fourteenth Congress alsopassed statements on Berlin, theproblems of junior colleges, “Op¬eration Abolition,” approval ofnon-violent protest action, andNegro voting rights, outlining aproposal for student assistancein the drive for Negro voter reg¬istration.The one item where the liberalslost, and lost badly, was on thequestion of USNSA affiliationwith the Student Non-Violent Co¬ordinating committee (SNCC). This latter group is the looseliaison of southern student pro¬test action groups which hascome to be the primary focalpoint for the entire southern stu¬dent movement.USNSA was one of two na¬tional organizations asked to siton the SNCC executive commit¬tee, casting a vote.When the motion was first in¬troduced it failed to receive therequired two-thirds vote by anarrow margin. The followingday it was reconsidered and Cur¬tis Gans, a former officer of NSAwho himself was largely responsi¬ble for thrusting USNSA intosit-in activity, spoke against affili¬ation.The Congress did vote to co¬operate closely with SNCC inevery way short of affiliation.This defeat came as a completesurprise to the liberals who hadanticipated little dissension andeasy victory.(Continued on page 30)see page 9 The Bookstore and its Photo and TypewriterDepartment welcomes you back for theFall Quarter, 1961.If you have a need in your work for either a typewriter or a tape recorder,please check the stock we have for sale or rent.We also offer 24 hour speed service for your black and white Kodachromeor Ektachrome snap shots.THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO BOOKSTORE5802 Ellis AvenueTAKE YOUR EARS TO COLLEGEfrom the creative world of star kenton comes...Kenton’s West Side Story -;«aoTier • % 2000 and ONEYEARSCARL W,TH MELREINER & BRQpKSmm **mmmn «ftTf. ' \ssfstBsSSg y— and be SURE to get"Close Up" with the Kingston Trio — Judy Garland at Carnegie HallNOW AT YOUR CAPITOL RECORD DEALER!Sept. 29, 1961 CHICAGO MAROON 11/Levi answers critic of Hyde Park renewal21 GREAT TOBACCOS MAKE 20 WONDERFUL SMOKES!AGED MILD, BLENDED MILD-NOT FILTERED MILD-THEY SATISFYOther shoes may look like Keds, but only U. S. Keds® can give you “that greatfeeling.” Because Keds have a patented shockproofed arch cushion andcushioned inner sole. And because Kedsare built over tested, scientific lasts to fit —all feet perfectly, even narrow ones. Keds LOOK FOR THE BLUE LABEL*are right for class, gym, tennis court ordorm. Machine-washable (and they evenlook goed clean). His: Keds “Court King.”Hers: Keds “Champion.” Get your newU.S. Keds at fine stores everywhere.•both Keds and the b.oe label are registered trademarks ofUnited States RubberROCKEFELLER CENTER, NEW YORK 20, NEW YORK12 • CHICAGO MAROON • Sept. 29, 1961 with me that our administrative staffis of the highest caliber!”by Julian LeviAn article in last month'sHarper’s attacked the HydePark urban renewal plan. Foblowing is the reply of JulianLevi, director of the South EastChicago commission.In recent years, stores spe¬cializing in the sale of articlesfor magicians and jokesmithshave sold motto cards. One ofthese cards is of particularrelevance to Mrs.' Jane Ja¬cobs’ article ‘•Violence in the CityStreets” appearing in the Sep¬tember, 1961 issue of Harper'sMagazine. The card reads:"Don’t confuse me with thefacts •— my mind is made up.”Mrs. Jacobs’ thesis is that "awell-used city street is apt tobe safe”; that “A city sfreetequipped to make a safety assetHARPERLIQUOR STORE1114 - 16 East 55th StreetFull line of imported arid domesticwines, liquors arid beer at lowestprices.FREE DELIVERYPHONEr a a —1233C A A—13181— 7699 out of the presence of strangers,as successful city neighborhoodsalways do, must have three mainqualities”:1. There must be a clear de¬marcation between publicand private spaces;2. There must be eyes uponthe street, eyes belongingto what we plight call itsnatural proprietors; and3. The sidewalk must haveusers on it fairly continu¬ously, both to add moreeffective eyes and to inducepeople in buildings alongthe street to watch thesidewalks.From these conclusions, Mrs.Jacobs argues:"The basic requisite for suchsurveillance i s a substantialquantity of stores and otherpublic places sprinkled along thesidewalks; it is especially import¬ant that places frequented dur¬ing the evening and night be a-mong them."Stores, bars, and restaurants- the chief examples - abet side¬walk safety in different and com¬plex way . . ."The comings and goings fromthis tar [i.e., The White HorseTavernl do much to keep ourstreet reasonably populated untilthree in the morning, make itsafe to come home to.”From this vantage point, theHyde Park-Kenwood Urban Re¬newal plan is attacked:r -4/ "It designates and removesthese chunks of blight and re¬places them with housing projectsdesigned, as usual, to minimizeuse of the streets, The plan alsoadds still more empty spaces hereand there, blurs even further thedistrict’s already poor distinc¬tions between private and publicspace, and amputates the exist¬ing commerce, which is no greatshakes,”The charge is also made thatthe University of Chicago "tookthe extraordinary measure ofloosing police dogs every night topatrol its campus.”This argument ignores the fol¬lowing facts:The Hyde Park “A” projectinvolved the clearance, amongother things, of deteriorated com¬mercial establishments contain¬ing twenty-three taverns andliquor outlets.In the year 1954, the lastyear in which these establish¬ments operated, there were twen¬ty-five . instances of aggravatedassaults, armed robbery andstrong arm robbery. In the year1960 the number had fallen tosix. Eyes on the street or not,crime had b^en reduced to one-fourth of its prior dimension.At the same time, a sector on63rd Street which contained thir¬teen taverns and bars wentthrough further deterioration.Crimes of violence increased fromthirty-four in 1954 to one hundredforty in 1960.As density increased and fur¬ther blight occurred, the crimerate quadrupled - eyes on thestreet, comings and goings andlate operation of taverns to thecontrary notwithstanding.The Hyde Park-Kenwood Ur¬ban Renewal plan will clear ap¬proximately 20% of the landarea in the total community.In 1958, D. T. Blackiston of theSouth East Chicago commission reported "Twenty-six percent ofthe land area in the communitycontributes 60% of the crime di¬rected against the person and44.2% of the crime directedagainst property.”The buildings involved in theclearance area were the residenceof 47.5% of all persons arrestedwho resided in Hyde Park-Ken¬wood and the residence of 57.1%Julian Levi(photo by Berger)of Hyde Park residents arrest¬ed for investigations of felonies.The relationship between de¬teriorated housing and deteriorat¬ed social conditions has been thesubject of legislative and judicialrecognition in state after stateover the Country.The police dogs to which Mrs.Jacobs refers are two in num¬ber - German Shepherds namedNorbo and Pinka - both of whomare always under leash and inthe company of a guard.Mrs. Jacobs will be interestedto know that the use of policedogs for guard duty is a widelyaccepted technique, particularlywhen the patrolling involvesbuildings and structures not usedat night where the dog’s powerof scent is of particular benefit.UNIVERSAL ARMY STORE10% Discount With This CouponCOMPLETE LINE OF SLACKS AND SHIRTSLEVIS — KEDS — BOOTS — SHOESJACKETS — SWEATSHIRTS — FOOT LOCKERS, ETC.1459 E. 53rd Street FA 4-5856 She will find dogs used for thesepurposes at Macy's in New YorkCity, by divisions of the metro¬politan police in England, and bya number of i-olice departmentsover the Unitqjl States, includ¬ing Washington, St. Louis andChicago.The description of the HydePark-Kenwood plan as “replac¬ing chunks of blight with housingprojects,” is hardly anadequatedescription of the Hyde Park "A”plan.This plan involved new shoppingcenter; two hundred fifty (ownhouses, of w’hich tw'o hundredfifteen have already been builtand sold; and five hundred fortyapartments, now completed andmore than 65% rented.Mrs. Jacobs claims that theshopping center was reduced insize in order that extraneouspeople not be drawn into the areaand that “Large or small matterslittle.” While it is true that theshopping center was reduced insize from the earlier proposals,the facts, again, do not justifyMrs, Jacobs’ conclusion.The center was reduced in or¬der that the independent busi¬nessman in the community notbe confronted with an impossiblecompetitive situation. This theorywas further carried out in theUrban Renewal plan in the por-vision for a special type shoppingcenter at 53rd and Kimbark,where priority for redevelopmentwill be accorded to e Listing mer¬chants displaced b. the renewalprograms.It is a pity that Mrs. Jacobsdid not recognize that the occur-rance of crime is a symptom ofsocial disorganization and thatthe control of crime develops fromthe restraints and disciplines ofa social community at work.The freedom of the North Endof Boston, or Mrs. Jacobs’ blockin Greenwich Village, fr-om crimeis the product of a communityfunctioning through its schools,through its churches, through itsyouth training programs, both inand out of settlement houses. Insuch a community the standardsof socially acceptable conduct aretaught and enforced.The eye on the street or atthe window’, or the crowds on thesidewalks, have meaning only interms of that community stand¬ard. Mrs. Jacobs has selected thesymptom rather than the cause.A community’s problems are notsolved merely by having bigbrother watch.s.f i ;•-£\ l !rSepf. 29, 1961 • CHICAGO MAROON * 13 i''^Students operate publications and radioPhoenix, like the old bird whosename it bears, will once againrise from its own ashes this year.The first issue of the magazineshould appear about the middleof autumn quarter, estimatesRobert Lamb, Phoenix’s new edi¬tor.The content of Phoenix, whichhas evolved from a humor maga¬zine to a basically literary maga¬zine, will be that of a “literaryand political” magazine. Lambdefined political as dealing withpolitical theory, structure, andnecessity, rather than with mod¬ern political issues.Each of the four projectedissues of Phoenix will contain asymposium. Lamb envisions is¬sues containing different treat¬ments of a central problem; forexample, contributions about onesubject by an economist, a poli¬tical scientist, and a satirist.Lamb, who spent this summerin Russia, is planning one issueabout Russia. He said that thePhoenix staff will choose theother topics during the year.In addition to changing its con¬tent, Phoenix plans to experimentwith its format. By using differ¬ent textures of paper, photograph¬ic processes, and illustrations, in¬cluding woodcuts, Lamb hopes toproduce "an integrated magazinethat won’t fall apart in yourhands.”Lamb wants to return Phoe¬nix's “center of gravity” back tocampus, and is especially anxiousto receive copy from students andfaculty members. Students maycontribute by writing, especiallysatire, photographing, and help-in" edit.Phoenix’s history begins in the20's, when John Morris, the pre¬sent head of Magnuin photogra¬phers, founded the magazine.Morris, says Lamb, is the manwho convinced him to attend UC.During the ’20’s, Phoenix re¬ceived free contributions fromwriters such as Ogden Nash, Dor¬othy Parker, Ben Hecht, EdnaSaint-Vincent Millay, and EllisParker Butler. On campus con¬tributions came from MeyerLevin, Oeorge Morgenstern, Ster¬ling North, Milt Mayer, and ClifUtley.One former editor relates that,‘‘once was, Cap and Gown editorsaspired to be copy boys on Phoe¬nix and Maroon editors got theirjava and gin money from Phoenixcoffers via ‘expense chits.’”Review seeks talentWorking for the ChicagoReview is an education inAmerican magazine publish¬ing, according to its editorHyung Woong Pak.The Review is primarily in¬terested in finding basically un¬known, good creative writers andcritics and promoting and guidingnew literary movements of impor¬tance.Pak said that the Review pub¬lishes very little work by UC stu¬dents, as it is Phoenix’s functionto do so. Students on the ReviewstatT work at the various aspectsof magazine publishing, includingreading and selecting manuscripts,proofreading, and business work.The Review receives over 5000manuscripts annually, but publish¬es fewer t han one per cent ofthem.The next issue of the Review,which will be sold next month, isthe first of three special issuestreating modern European litera¬ture. Contributors include JosephFrank of the University of Minne¬sota, and Andre Peyre and Geof¬frey Hartman of Yale, writing'onsubjects including French poetRone Char and Thomas Mann’sI)r. Uauat us. ^The Review was founded lty UCstudents in 1946 with the purposeof publishing works of studentsand well-known writers and schol¬ars.Its contributors hav" includedHenry Miller, William Burroughs,Yves Simon, Lawrence Leigton,Alan Swallow7, Ralph J. Mills, Jr.,Richard G. Stern, William CarlosWilliams, and Arthur Schlesinger,Jr.When in 1958 the University ad-14 • CHICAGO MAS ministration suppressed an issueof The Review containing articlesby some “beat genei-ation” auth¬ors, including Kei'ouac, Dahlbcig,and Buri-oughs, the Review editoi-sresigned in protest gainst thecurtailment of their independenteditoiial judgment. They thenpublished the contents of the ban¬ned Review in a new magazinethey founded, Big Table.Yearbook wants to growCap and Gown, the Univer¬sity’s yearbook, will place itsemphasis on the undergradu¬ate student, rather than onfaculty, administration, orbuildings, this year, accordingto Gene Radish, editor.The “student standpoint” willpenetrate this year’s edition.Whether it will extend to the 'n-clusion of graduating students’photographs is now under consi¬deration.Radish is anxious to “rejuve¬nate” the Cap mitt down staff,which currently includes about 15membei-s. It is headed by LoraineHall as assistant editor and BarryRumack and June Takafuji, incharge of photogi-aphy. Radish isseeking people interested in leax-n-ing and practicing photography,layout, copy wilting, and otheraspects of yearbook publishing.He and business maiiager TedI.indauer are also looking for peo¬ple with the ability to sell adver¬tisements. They will receive tenand fifteen percent commissions ontheir sales.During the year, prior to itspublication, Cap and down is plan¬ning to co-sponsor some campusactivities, most likely movies, withother organizations.C»p and Gown, which is as oldas the University, is trying a newselling method this ^year. IBMcards to be submitted as ordersfor the yearbook have been dis¬tributed to every student a+ regis-ti'ation. The book sells for $4 un¬til winter quarter; after that theprice rises to $5.NUT reaches intellectualsLast year, a new magazine,New University Thought (NUT)was founded at the Universitywith the purpose of “providinga means of communication be¬tween young professionals, stu¬dents and young faculty ... toanalyze the events of the day“from their viewpoint, and to de¬velop among intellectuals a feel¬ing of social responsibility.”Today, after one year of pub¬lication the magazine has becomea recognized national journal witha circulation of 10,000 and officesin major cities across the country.NUT will launch its second yearof publication with a fall issuefeaturing a study by Don Vil-larejo of stockholder control ofmajor U.S. corporations, whichshould, according to editor LeoStodolsky, “put the lie to the oftenheard cry that the mass publicis the owner of American big busi¬ness.” Also planned for the forth-coining issue are studies of auto¬mation and of the “radical right”movement in American politics.New this year from the editorsof NUT will be a newsletter re¬porting on the national activitiesof students and young profes¬sionals. Infoi'mation will be gath¬ered from NUT’s many corres-pondents and contacts across thecountry.The newsletter, according toStodolsky, will enable the staffto cover the student movementand ovei'come limitations of aquarterly magazine. More fre¬quent news will be distributed,and better coordination M activi¬ties will be facilitated.Other projects of the NUTnikslor the coming year include week¬ly discussion groups in w h i c hguests will discuss with studentspertinent problems of the day.The sessions were begun 1 hissummer on a tiial basis with aseries of discussions concerningproblems of the city of Chicago.Also, film seminars will be held,in which specific aesthetic aspectsof film making will be discussed.“The magazine is an openthing,” stressed Stodolsky. “WeOO N • Sept. 29, 1961 want people to come over andtalk; read articles. We are not aplatform for any political pointof view . . . we want the broadestview possible.”A campus group has beenfoi’med known as “Friends ofNUT” which will assist NUT inthe fields of discussion, distribu¬tion and research on the Chicagocampus. Whereas this group con¬sists of mostly students, the ac¬tual staff of NUT ranges froma “LaSalle St. lawyer to lowlyundergraduates.” Those interest¬ed in any aspect of NUT can visitthe NUThouse at 5478 S. Wood-lawn Ave. or call NO 7-4222.Midway contains reprintsMidway is a quarterly maga¬zine published by the Universityof Chicago press, containing re¬prints from books and journalsalso published by the Press.“The Egghead’s Reader’s Di¬gest,” as Midway has been some-limes called, featui'es material on“different scholarly subject s,bx-ought to the level of the edu¬cated layman,” according toBruce Rattenbury of the publicrelations department, who is tem¬porarily in charge of the maga¬zine.Carroll Bowen, assistant direc¬tor of the UC press, founded Mid¬way in January, 1960, because hefelt there was a public need fora journal “to present scholarlyarticles in a manner which eanbe easily understood by the lay¬man.”WUCB broadcasts to dormsWUCB, the University’s studentl-adio station, broadcasts classical muic supplemented by jazz, folkmusic, and musical comedy, aswell as lectures discussions,drama, news, and commentary.The station also carries specialannual features, such as on thespot coverage of student govern¬ment tSG] elections and a 27hour marathon raising money fora worthy organization.During the Marathon, which lastyear raised money for the WorldUniversity serviceLthe Musiea T*roNausea makes its only Chicagoappearance. It performs numberssuch as “The Surprise Symphony”with a new surprise, and “Con¬certino for a Well-Cori'egatedWashboard.” University Theatreand Blackfiiars are among otherorganizations appearing live.New features planned for 1961-62, will be periodic reports fromSG and live perfoimances of playsby the Masquers, according toShex*win Raplan, station manager.WUCB broadcasts only from 7p.m. to midnigh* Sunday throughFriday. During the day, it re-broadcasts WFMT’s programmingon its 640kc AM hand. The sta¬tion can be heard only in fourresidence halls; B-J, New Women’sdorms, Pici-ce, and InternationalHouse.WUCB was founded shortly af¬ter World War II by a group ofwar veterans who were interestedin the technical aspects of radiobroadcasting. Its fii-st studioswere located in the Burton Jud-son basement.As people who were interestedprimarily in classical music, ratherthan in expex'imentation withbroadcasting techniques, the em¬ phasis of the station changed tocareful music programming.In 1951, the Federal Communi¬cations commission granted thestation its WUCB call letteis. In1958, WUCB moved to its presentstudios in Mitchell tower, whichthe National Broadcasting com¬pany had built a few‘years earlierfor the "University of ChicagoRound Table” program.WUCB is organized into variousdepartments: programming, tech¬nical, engineei'ing, announcing, re-cording, business, and advertising.Anyone interested in working inone or mox-e departments is invitedto visit the studios during broad¬casting hours or the office 1201Reynolds clubl during the day,announced Raplan.All work on Midway is done bythe UC Press. The quarterly’sstaff doe6 not include Universitystudents, although Midway some¬times draws matexial from pub¬lications by faculty members.W9WYQ is for hamsThis is W9WYQ’s„25th consecu¬tive year of amateur radio opera¬tion. It maintains contact, withother amateur stations throughoutthe world.W9WYQ serves the campus witha message relay service to mostof the United States and Canadaand weekly network contact withmajor eastern and midwesternuniversities.The station has a new practicemachine for those preparing toobtain Federal CommunicationCommission licenses. One eanjoin W9WYQ by contacting itsoffice in 302 Reynolds Club.Theatre groups are active“University theatre has theprimary purpose of providingtheatrical activity for stu¬dents,” stated Bill Altonshortly after his appointmentas director of Universitytheatre (UT).Since the establishment of theUniversity Dramatic club in 1895,the dix'ector and members ofcampus theatre groups have de¬bated the function of a campustheatre.“The New Cosmogony,” a stu¬dent-written farce, was the firstproduction of the original Dra¬matic club. A rival group — theOpera Comique — appeared in1901 with “Miss Flim Flam.”Soon after, the Opera Comiquedissolved.By 1922 the Dramatic club cof-fei's showed a total wealth of$1.53 and the next year the groupwas reorganized into the UC Dia-matic association. This grouplasted until 1946, when UC’s the-ati-e fragmented into many littleorganizations, each fighting fora place in the spotlight.From this conflict emerged twogroups: University theatre, agxoup which generally performedserious plays that had failed onBroadway, and Tonight at 8:30,a body that presented obscureone-act plays and improvisations.In 1954 Marv Phillips arrivedon campus to become dii’ector ofthe Theatre. Phillips explainedhis career here (which ended inSeptembei-, 1960) in this way: “Isaw a need in Hyde Park for acommunity theatre and havetiled to fill part of that needthrough University theatre.Phillips began Court theatre, asummer long season of outdoordrama produced in Hutchinsoncourt, during his first year here.Court theatre is distinct fromUnivei’sity theatre in that tryoutsand cast position are not to-stxicted to students.An almost total turnover ofpersonnel occuired in the summerof 1960. Phillips and Dick D’An¬jou, technical director of the The¬atre, left; and Alton and FxankMarrero came to take over theirpositions.During the past year Alton hasvoiced two original plans forthe Theatre — a series of work¬shops in acting, directing, stage¬craft, play reading, and dance and an informal in-the-round group toperform in the Ida Noyes Cloisterclub. Neither of these ideas evergot off paper.A series of disagreements be¬tween Alton and the studentboard of UT led to a split withinthe group and the foiTnation ofthe Masquers, a new student the¬atre group.No one is quite sui'e what di¬rection the theatre will take thisyear under the direction of Altonand Robert Benedetti, the newtechnical director, but there islittle doubt that participation intheatxical groups will remain amajor activity on campus.Masquers is newMasquers, the new studenttheatrical group, was formed lastspring on the premise that “thea-tre should be a student activity.”The founders were, according toboard member Carol Horning,“dissatisfied with the inactivityof University theatx’e” and formedMasquers to present educationaland expeiimental di'ama.The organization will performreadings, full length plays, andone-acters during the school year.Their Sept. 1st & 2nd presentation“Child of the Gods” by MichaelDei-Anang, was the fii’st Africanplay to be performed in theUnited States.Board members David Ingle,Miss Horning, Ren Pierce, BobRieser, and Maggie Stinson hopeto utilize the Ida Noyes Cloisterclub for their productions. Allstudents interested in Masquers,and particularly those who wantto direct specific plays, are invitedto contact hoax'd members for fur¬ther infoi'mation.Blackfriars wants playsTuxedoed patrons clutching tendollar tickets sauntei'ed down axed carpet to Mandel hall beforethe Blackfriars shows of thetwenties and thirties. The tux¬edoes and expensive tickets havedisappeared, but Blackfriars stillpresents musical comedy eachspring.“The Passing of Phali Kahn,”complete with an all-male chorusline, was the first presentationof the Blackfriars in 1904. Formany years afterward the groupwas the biggest extracurricularactivity on campus, staging suchmemorable shows as “The Lyrical Liar,” “Pseudo Psuffragettes,“Capturing Calypso.” and “AMyth in Mandel.”One of the fii-st of the collegiatemusical groups in the coxintry,Blackfriai-s attracted an audiencefrom all over Chicago. The bud¬get for the annual spring showwas in the tens pf thousands ofdollars.The Blackfriars continued witha show each season until 1942,when a great break in traditionoccurred. With a multitude ofeligible actors engaged by theUnited States army, the gi-oupwas foi’ced to combine with TheMirror, an all girls musical l'eviewwhich had been formed duringtbe thirties. A second great breakwith tradition oecuri'ed the follow¬ing year when no show appearedat all.Blackfriars appeared again in1956 with a brief sketch presentedat that year’s Beaux Arts Ball. Afull length show, “Gamma DeltaIota,” was produced in Mandelhall in the spring of 1957, witha cast containing both men andwomen. Since then, “Alpha Cen-tauri,” “Sour Mash,” “Silver Bellsand Cockle Shells,” and “MadMoney” have been presented.This year’s Blackfriars boardincludes Ken Davidson, Abbot;Phil Hyde, Prior; Bob Reiser,Hospitaler; and Dorothy Sharp¬less, Sci'ibe. These offices corres¬pond to those of pi’esident, vicepresident, treasurer, and seeie-tary.Abbott Davidson has n a m e dOctober 1 as the deadline fox- sub¬mission of scripts for the 1962Blackfriars show. Those enteringscripts must turn in one scenewith dialogue, a complete scena¬rio, and thi’ce songs with lyricsand music. A four man selectioncommittee, including Bill Alton,director of University theatre;Robert Ashenhurst, associate pro¬fessor in the graduate school ofbusiness; John Callahan, ulrc*''*''*'of the College development office;and Reginald Ingram, instructorin the humanities in the College,will consider all scripts. Scriptsmust be mailed or brought to theBlackfriais office in the Reynoldsclub.University fights to save neighborhoodby Ken PierceA law no one has ever used willsoon bring a square mile of campusto the University of Chicago.The same law will make it possiblefor the city of Chicago to net over25 million dollars in Federal urbanrenewal funds.The law is called section 112 of theHousing Act of 1959 (now part of the 1961Act'. The square mile is called “SouthCampus.” And the history of the law isthe history of~the University's ten-yearfight to prevent its neighborhood frombecoming a slum.In 1949, Hyde Park-Kenwood had allthe symptoms of a sick neighborhood en¬tering its death throes — an alarminglyhigh crime rate; overcrowded, run downbuildings; the replacement of middle in¬come whites by lower income Negroesand whites. The area from 47th street to59th street, Cottage Grove to Lake Michi¬gan seemed to be following a well-wornpath that had led many other Chicagoneighborhoods to become part of Chicago'sNegro ghetto.Kimpton starts improvementShortly after taking office in 1951, for¬mer Chancellor of the University Law¬rence A. Kimpton said that the Universityshould take the lead in efforts to improveits krea.A subsequent meeting about area crimeheld in the University’s Mandel hall re¬sulted in the “South East Chicago Com¬mission” (SECC), with Kimpton as presi¬dent.The report which created the SECC saidin part:“Our activity is going to be permanentand it is going to hit liard. We are not in¬dulging in a passing burst of indignation.We are determined to get something done,now and in the years ahead.”The SECC’s executive director is UCgraduate Julian Levi, 52, a brother ofEdward Levi, the dean of the University’slaw school.Levi becomer interestedLevi’s investigation of crime led to hisinterest in community-wide redevelop¬ment. He has said: “If you look for awhile at any problem of community-wideimprovement or decline, you soon recog¬nize that slum and near slum structuresmust be gotten rid of. These bad applesproduce crime, overcrowding, and mainte¬nance problems.”But area planning, demolition, and re¬building is a costly business. The onlyconceivable source of money in the quan¬tities needed to rebuild large areas wasthe Federal government, and it wasn’tuntil 1954 that Congress made Federalgrants for uiban renewal available tomunicipal agencies.This 1954 amendment to the HousingAct of 1949 gave SECC planners the op¬portunity to begin planning redevelop¬ment and rehabilitation for the wholecommunity Ey 1957, the entire Hyde Park-Kenwood uiban renewal plan had beendrawn up and approved.At a cost of 36 million dollars, the plancalled for the relocation of 19,063 people;1.837 white families and 2,531 non-whitefamilies. Of these, 2,120 families were•digibie for public housing, and the avail¬able public housing in Chicago was esti¬mated to be in excess of this figure. Inan attempt to make relocation run smooth¬ly. the relocations were to be spread overfive years.Significantly, only 20 per cent of all thestructures in the area were slated to betorn down. As for the remaining 80 percent, the preliminary plan stated: “Thesuccess of tiie Urban Renewal Plan re¬quires that these structures be rehabili¬tated and modernized.”Hyde Park developedThe Hyde Park-Kenwood renewal proj¬ect has come to be regarded as an accom¬plished fact. All of the necessary contractswere signed long ago, and much of theconstruction is under way. Supporters ofthe plan point to the relatively stable ra¬cial composition of the area, the decreasein crime, the high property values, and tothe great amount of community discus¬sion and suggestions that were incorpo¬rated in the original plan.Detractors comment that the new build¬ings are ugly and high priced, that toomany families were moved from theirhomes, and that the relocated families,especially the Negroes, did not have anopportunity to find adequate housing else¬where in the city.While discussion and debate about theHyde-Park-Kenwood project has almostceased, there remains unused one pieceof Federal legislation which grew out ofthe project, and which is already of vitalimportance to the University of Chicago,the 60,000 residents of the community of Woodlawn (the area south of Hyde Parkextending to 67th) the entire city of Chi¬cago, and to some 50 land-locked collegesand universities throughout the nation.On September 23, 1959, section 112 ofthe Federal Housing Act of 1959 becamelaw. Previous to the passage of section112, federal urban renewal grants weregiven to a municipal agency only after theagency had agreed to finance at leastone-fourth of the total cost of an urbanrenewal program.Thus, for every dollar spent by the cityof Chicago’s urban renewal agencies onHyde Park-Kenwood, the Federal govern¬ment agreed to contribute a maximum ofthree dollars.However, under section 112, the Federalgovernment may agree to give the citythree times the amount of money spentby an educational institution for land ac¬quisition or demolition, providing that theland which the institution improves is inor near an urban renewal project.Section 112 was drafted by Julian Levi,in order tq help the many universities inthe nation which are surrounded by slumsto get municipal aid for their redevelop¬ment plans.Plan campus increaseOn July 19, 1960, the University of Chi- curity, social opportunity and moralstrength of individuals and families, thenthe most urgent task of the Church is toland its full support to the opposition ofsuch forces.”The inter-denominational Pastors’ alli¬ance and other community groups metto develop a program of “positive prin¬ciples for community rehabilitation onwhich all of the groups could agree,”according to Rev. Leber. The Pastorsturned to the Industrial Areas foundation(IAF) to help them organize the Wood-lawn community in opposition to the pro¬posed University expansion.The IAF is a foundation which has spe¬cialized in organizing various communitiesacross the nation. The IAF began with thework of its executive director Saul Alin-sky. Twenty years ago UC graduate Alin-sky working with the Catholic Churchsalvaged Chicago’s “Back of the Yards”neighborhood by creating a communityorganization so powerful that it was ableto halt that neighborhood’s deterioration.Alinsky then created the IAF, whichtoday has an annual budget of approxi¬mately $100,000. The Catholic Church con¬tinues to be one of the IAFs biggest sup¬porters.Alinsky, who has been a union organizercago announced that it planned to increaseits campus by an additional square mileon Woodlawn south of the midway, be¬tween 60th and 61st, Cottage Grove toStony Island. The University now ownsapproximately 60 per cent of this land.Much of Woodlawn is in worse condi¬tion than Hyde Park-Kenwood ever was.A recently completed city survey indicatesthat the city could declare Woodlawn tobe a renewal area.The University has proposed that thecity and the University enter a “coopera¬tion agreement” to acquire and clear theremaining 40 per cent of the land, withUniversity money. Under section 112, theFederal, government would then give thecity three times the amount that the Uni¬versity spent to get and clear this land.Levi lias estimated that the city wouldreceive a total of more than 25 milliondollars, without spending any of its ownmoney. If the city agrees to UC’s plan, itwill declare part of Woodlawn a “blightedarea,” and secure federal agreement withthis conclusion.The University’s South campus pro¬posal and SECC efforts to form a Wood¬lawn community organization weregreeted with alarm by most of the clergy¬men in Woodlawn, who feared that theirneighborhood was about to be desecrated.Speaking of the University’s expansionplan, Rev. Charles T. Leber, of Wood-lawn’s First Presbyterian Church hassaid:Structure threatening“When there is a power structure ofexplosive forces which threatens to de¬stroy the very basis of any economic se¬ for the Congress Industrial Organizations(CIO), has staed that the organization ofa community is similar to the organiza¬tion of a labor union. He says that thepersons being organized must be madeaware of their predicament, that their“dormant hostilities must be “sharpened,”and that they must realize that their dis¬content can only be overcome by “theorganization.”IAF created the Temporary WoodlawnOrganization (TWO) last January 5. Atthe time, James Mitchell, secretary ofTWO, announced: “This organization willspike once and for all the charge that weare disunited. We have never been moreunited in our determination to see thatour community is not cut up piecemeal.”TWO actsTWO’s first actions laid down the termsof its battle with the South East ChicagoCommission and the University. In addi¬tion, the Organization’s public pronounce¬ments served to make Woodlawn residentsaware that there was a war on.For example, the following TWO circu¬lar received wide distribution in Wood¬lawn: . . Remember [Julian] Levi isagainst an over all renewal plan for Wood¬lawn. He does not want Woodlawn to havea program. He wants to make Woodlawna slum.“Be Careful. Anybody who is againstan over all plan and program is for Levi.“WHAT WE MUST DO NOW—(1)Organize, organize and organize! (2) Growstrong and powerful. (3) Make our ownprogram and plan. (4) Force Levi to ac¬cept it. (5; Make the City do it.”The main plank of TWO^ urban renewal platform is embodied in the phrase “self-determination.” This is defined by TWOas the right of Woodlawn residents to de¬termine among themselves the future oftheir neighborhood.TWO has stated that a Woodlawn rede¬velopment plan should not uproot resi¬dents from their homes.But because TWO claims to be the larg¬est single organization in Woodlawn “self-determination” is often used as if it weresynonymous with “TWO-determination.”Brazier commentsTWO’s official spokesman, the Rev.Arthur Brazier, has said:“We are hopeful that we will be ableto negotiate on a basis of equality withthe SECC and the city. We hope they willrecognize that we are the single largestorganization in Woodlawn.”Phil Doyle, former commissioner of oneol the city’s urban renewal agencies, didn’tthink that TWO should be recognized asthe representative of the entire Woodlawncommunity. Said Doyle:“. . . I don’t think I would ever regardany group as a bargaining agent for acommunity. There are overlappinggroups.”Observers find it difficult to evaluatethe role of TWO in Woodlawn. The organ¬ization has sponsored a voter registrationcampaign involving approximately 1,000people. TWO has also campaigned againstunfair practices of some 63rd street busi¬nessmen.On the other hand, there have been al¬most no real efforts to reduce buildingdeterioration and overcrowding. Althoughthey have attacked the failure of the Uni¬versity and the SECC to develop a renewalplan for all of Woodlawn, the IAF andTWO have yet to advance any compre¬hensive redevelopment proposals of theirown. Some observers question whether ornot Alinsky sincerely wants a renewalplan.Try machine wreckageOne of Alinsky’s top assistants hasstated that the IAF’s real purpose inWoodlawn is to “wreck the Dawson ma¬chine and to develop an effective Negropolitical voice in Chicago.” (William Daw¬son is the district’s Negro Congressmanwho has been accused of cooperating withthe Democratic machine at the expense ofhis constituents.) These observers feelthat, since a Woodlawn renewal programwould mean relocation for many Negroes,Alinsky is really opposed to such a planbecause this would hamper his efforts toweld area Negroes to his organization.One promising result of the controversyis that the University and SECC plannershave begun to consider rehabilitating alarger Woodlawn area than would be oc¬cupied by the University’s South campus— with a minimum of relocation and dem¬olition._ SECC director Julian Levi says thatdata from the 1960 census indicate thatthe problem of planning Woodlawn’s fu¬ture is "truly enormous.” According toLevi, the vast number of people and build¬ings involved make massive relocationand rebuilding impossible, and that a newapproach to urban renewal is called for.Levi now thinks that “perhaps all city,county, and state social agencies shouldfocus their attention on Woodlawn as partof the renewal plan.'Dillemma classic'“In Woodlawn’s slum areas,” continuesthe SECC’s director, “we are faced withthe classic dilemma of a city. Solving thehousing problem is not enough, becauseWoodlawn’s fundamental problem lias todo with individual problems of peoplewho live there. The question is, how effec¬tive are processes of government welfareand social action, as well as urban re¬newal?”Regardless of who wins the battle forcontrol of Woodlawn’s future — the Uni¬versity and the SECC, the IAF and theTWO, or the well-entrenched forces ofdeterioration and decay — one thing iscertain: The contest would not have begunif it were not for section 112 of the Hous¬ing act of 1959.For it is section T12 that will enablethe University to finance its South Cam¬pus. It is section 112 that gives the Uni¬versity and its urban affairs consultantJulian Levi the power to withhold fromthe city more than $25,000,000. And it issection 112 that will cause the city to bepaid this sum if it undertakes a Wood¬lawn renewal project which includesSouth Campus.Section 112 was designed to benefitthose U.S. universities which desperatelyneed to redevelop their surrounding areas.The nation’s cities and universities awaitthe outcome of the battle for Woodlawnas the first indication of the wisdom be¬hind this law.Sept. 29, 1961 • CHICAGO MAROON 15Hum and soc divisions work togetherEditor's note: The Maroonasked the deans of the fourdivisions to write a brief de¬scription of their section. Thefollowing articles are their re¬plies.The division of the humani¬ties consists of the followingdepartments: art, classic lan¬guages and literatures, Eng¬lish language and literature,Germanic languages and liter¬atures, [including Scandinavianlanguages and literatures!, history,linguistics, music, New Tstement,oriental launguages and civiliza¬tions, philosophy, romance lan¬guages and literatures, Slavic lan¬guages and literatures [a newdepartment created as of the be¬ginning of the Autumn Quarter19611. In addition there are fiveinterdepartmental committeesgranting degrees, namely: generalstudios in the humanities, compar¬ative studies in literature, historyof culture, analysis of ideas andstudy of methods, far easterncivilizations. There are also twocommittees — one for archeologi¬cal studk and the other for me¬dieval studies, which do not grantdegrees, but which are establishedto promote and coordinate studiesin their particular fields.As can be seen from this tableof organization the division dealswith subjc.ts which are tradition¬ally described as humanities. It istrue, of course, that in certainfields there are very close con¬tacts with the social sciences. So,for instance, in history, wheresome of the faculty are votingmembers of the division of socialsciences, and others vote in thehumanities division. I should saythat in general there is a gooddeal of cooperation and intercom¬munication between the variousdivisions. This manifests itselfespecially frequently in the workof the interdepartmental commit¬tees mentioned above, where pro¬grams of individual students oftenrequire supervision and guidanceby specialists who are membei'S ofother divisions.Research is certainly the domi¬nating motive of the division. Ex¬perience shows that research isessential for effective teaching onthe graduate level, and thereforethe faculty of the division of thehumanities is engaged in research.Actually most of the promotionsin the division are made on thebasis of research. As an illustra¬tion of what is currently going on,I undertook a quick count of bookspublished by the members of thedivision in the last three or fouryears. The result was the figureof thirty-two volumes. I am quitecertain that this is not the com¬plete figure. Furthermore, in thisestimate I have taken no accountwhatsoever of articles and reviewsand quite frequently it is in thesethat the real meat is found.Research primaryResearch in humanities is con¬ducted mainly in the libraries andmuseums. It is therefore naturalthat the division of the humanitieshas always been greatly concernedwith the condition of our libraryfacilities. A new library buildingis, in 'the opinion of the division,one of the highest priorities in theUniversity’s development program.Furthermore, it goes without say¬ing that the biulding itself is notenough. Our collections of books,documents, etc., must be main¬tained at the necessary high level.I would venture to say that thelibrary problem, in all of its rami¬fications, constantly remains oneof the crucial factors as far as thehumanities are concerned.Good as any library collectionis, the humanist frequently needsto go elsewhere in search for hismaterials. It is here that in thepast the humanist was faced withthe problem of financial resources.Usually he simply had to use whatsavings he could accumulate tofinance, for example, a trip to the British Museum in London. I amhappy to say that at the presenttime the situation has been defi¬nitely improved because of theavailability of Fulbright assign¬ments and also because of themore generous attitude on the partof the private foundations. Never¬theless — and here I am sure thatI express the feeling of the major¬ity of humanists- a great amountof assistance for research and pub¬lication is very much to be desired.Teaching is vitalWhile research looms so strong¬ly on the horizon of the humani¬ties, excellence in teaching is val¬ued greatly. In fact the ideal com¬bination is the perfect scholar andteacher. This, I regret to say, isnot too often achieved, but some¬times the combination of thesetwo happy ingredients results ina man or woman who is long re¬membered and serves as an inspi¬ration to everybody involved. Ac¬tually teaching is extremely im¬portant in the humanities. Firstof all [the value of this is debat¬able!, the teaching load is notlight- as a rule two courses eachGeorge V. Bobrinskoy,humanitiesquarter. Frequently this load hasbeen exceeded because of the de¬mands arising. The division re¬gards the preparation of teachersas one of its most important tasks.Most of the departments partici¬pate in the recently establishedmaster of arts in teaching pro¬gram, administered by the grad¬uate school of education and de¬signed to produce a superior brandof teacher for elementary andsecondary education. And last butnot least certainly, the majorityof the members of the division areenthusiastically participating inthe teaching program of the col¬lege. Actually in recent years ithas been the policy of the divisionto make appointments for newmembers of the faculty in consul¬tation and with the approval ofthe College faculty.Graduates predominateOne of the perennial problemsLacing graduate students in thehumanities is that of financial sup¬port. Somehow or other [this isprobably the waiped opinion of adean of students! the great major¬ity of them are absolutely impe¬cunious when they embark ongraduate studies in the humani¬ties. Fortunately nowadays mostof them are married and theirCHICAGO MAROON • Sept. 29, 1961 able and energetic wives supportthem until they get their MA orPhD. Unfortunate is the casewhere the husband and wife areboth aspiring to degrees at thesame time.On the positive side is the fac¬tor that an increasing number ofoutside fellowship aid has becomeavailable. A good deal of thiscomes through the Federal fellow¬ship program under the NationalDefense Education act. In each ofthe last two years the division hashad about twenty of these fellow-ships. Lucky is the man or wo¬man who gets them, for supportis provided, not only for the stu¬dent, but for all of his dependents.There are or.3 or two cases on re¬cord where an incumbent receivesan emolument which is certainlygreater than his first job will pro¬vide. Extremely helpful have beenthe Woodrow Wilson fellowships,of which wre had seventeen for heyear 1961-62. Moreover, generousfellowships have been provided bythe visiting committee of the hu¬manities division, consisting ofTrustees of the University andtheir friends. With all of theseimprovements, in my opinion, weare still behind the other divisionsin the amount of financial assist¬ance to our students. To a largeextent this is due to the fact thatwe have virtually no teaching as-sistantships. It is here that weface very serious competition fromthe neighborhing State universi¬ties. foundation received at the end of1960. The fields that benefitedmost were the south Asian Stu¬dies, far eastern studies and Slavicstudies — that is, the Departmentsof oriental launguages and civiliza¬tions, linguistics, committee on fareastern studies and the depart¬ment of Slavic studies. While theFord grant, which is on a ten-yearbasis, extends equally to the cor¬responding departments in the so¬cial sciences, it still provides atremendous impetus to the huma¬nities. * <*tlfBtlcatlioflivSchevill chair establishedSome years ago it was fashion¬able to say that the humanitiescould not get newT financial sup¬port. In recent years fortunatelythis has been disproved. First ofall the division has been greatlystrengthened in several areas by agenerous grant from the Ford Fortunately, as an old Russianproverb has it, “Good things sel¬dom come singly,” so there wereseveral fine things that happenedto the humanities in the last yearor two. There came a magnificentgift from Mrs. Tiffany Blake, analumna of the University, estab¬lishing the Feidinand Schevill dis¬tinguished service professorship inthe humanities. This professorshipperpetuates the memory of Ferdi¬nand Schevill, distinguished his¬torian and brilliant teacher. Inother words, the ideal of a huma¬nities teacher. We consider it veryfortunate that the first incumbentof this new* chair is Edward Low-inski, distinguished musicologistand brilliant pianist, who comeshere from the University of Cali¬fornia. Professor Lowinski willbegin teaching in the autumnquarter. entire year at any place most ad¬vantageous for his work. The firstincumbent of the Colvin professor¬ship is Donald Bond, professor ofEnglish, who is going to spendthe year in England working onthe Tattler papers.A couple of weeks ago RectorRuud of the University of Oslo an¬nounced the gift of $100,000 forthe support of a chair in Norwe-"gian studies at the University ofChicago. This fine gift was raised toby a number of Norwegians in- ?nterested in the strengthening Nor- } 'Iwegian studies in the UnitedStates. In accepting this giftChancellor Beadle expressed hisconviction that it w'ould stimulateefforts by Scandinavian organiza- 4<tions in the United States to pro-vide further support for the deve¬lopment of Scandinavian studies atChicago. .Polish studies improveEqually valuable is the Colvinbequest, providing a research pro¬fessorship in the humanities. Un¬der the terms of the bequest theprofessorship will be awarded eachyear to a member of the divisionwho has a promising research pro¬ject under way. The scholar sel¬ected will be able to spend the A couple of weeks ago also ata reception held at the Quadrangle’club a number of Polish organiza¬tions in Chicago handed a finecheck to Chancellor Beadle for thepurpose of bringing to the campus»distinguished lectures in Polishliterature and poetry. At the samemeeting these organizationspledged themselves to establish an*endowment for a professorship inPolish literature.A last cheerful note for the stu¬dents: A bequest from the Shawestates is now' providing severalfine fellowships for students inphilosophy and history. The first *■incumbents will be named withinthe next few days. sy:ofselnuistinicoiphofl#iosy:tillteiit i't’jerrafr cgr<mealitv Iforqugi.s\vhpo:inGeorge V. BobrinskoyActing dean and dean of'students, division of the rlogI.|en<Jph’humanities A,Goldsmith describes pfi|yTurning to the students of thedivision, we note that the majorityenter with graduate standing —that is, they come to us with thebachelor of arts degree, whetherfrom Chicago or from other insti¬tutions. We do still have a rela¬tively small number of studentswho are in the thro.-year MAprogram. Most of these are trans¬fers from other institutions withtwTo or three years of college cre¬dit. And there is a still smallergroup of students on the basis ofGeneral Education tests.Most of our students plan to beteachers, w'hether this be in highschool, college or university. Ac¬tually many have become creativewriters, poets and artists. In themost recent years, an increasingnumber of students are enteringgovernment careers through thestudy of foreign languages and civ¬ilizations. The division of the physicalsciences is made up of six de¬partments and three insti¬tutes, as follows:department of astronomyand astrophysicsdepartment of chemistrydepartment of the geophysicalsciencesdepartment of mathematicsdepartment of physicsdepartment of statisticsinstitute for computov researchinstitute for the study of metalsEnrico Fermi institute fornuclear studies.In addition, the department ofgeography ma> be in part listedunder this division; for althoughit is administratively in the divi¬sion of the social sciences, coursesare taught in both, and studentsmay take degrees in either divi¬sion.There are 125 full-time academicfaculty members ,and in addition,approximately 60 research associ¬ates; as of May 1961, there were497 undergraduates and 457 regis¬tered graduate students. The larg¬est department in terms of stu¬dents is physics [3391, followed bymathematics [2641, and chemistry[208J. it is located at the Yerkes observ¬atory in Williams Bay, Wisconsin.Furthermore, it is associated [asa joint department with the Uni¬versity of Texas! with the Mc¬Donald observatory, Fort Davis,Texas. The program of study isentirely at the graduate level, andthe degree of bachelor of scienceis not given. Although some cour¬ses are given on the quadranglesof the University, the principalprogram is at the Yerkes observa¬tory; observational research mayalso be done at McDonald. deed one of the strengths of thedvision lies ii. the opport uni tiesfor interdisciplinary activity. Re¬search at the PhD level is fre¬quently pursued via an interde¬partmental route, and in the in¬stitutes one is exposed to menworking in a variety of disciples,as a glance at the faculty listingsin the Announcements will show. poimilTeaching load is light-Departments grant degreesThe departments are the degree¬granting bodies of the division;and although basic divisional re¬quirements must be met, individ¬ual departmental requirementsfor degrees may be found in theUniversity Announcements. Theresearch institutes do not grantdegrees, but the faculty of theinstitutes, with but few exceptions,hold joint appointments with oneor more departments and studentsmay pursue research toward ahigher degree in one of the re¬search Institutes with the degreegranted by one of the departments.The department of astronomyand astrophysics is unusual in that The formal teaching load of thedivisional faculty members is forthe most part rather light, and thefaculty is research-oriented. It isapparent that a university, to be¬come or remain great, must be atthe forefront of human knowledge,and this can only come aboutthrough the original efforts andoutput of a faculty that is notshackled with a great amount ofroutine or low-level teaching. Onthe other hand, a sufficient amountof contact with students is invalu¬able, and inspiration as an aid toaccomplishment is a two-waystreet carrying both faculty andstudents. Thus the principal em¬phasis is on instruction and re¬search at the graduate level, withan undergraduate program de¬signed to produce individual re¬search competence in the student.It is also the thought of manythat by and largo, the outstandingresearch scientists also tend to bethe most effective teachers, atleast at the graduate level. A brief description of a recentreorganization within the divisionmay be in order at this point byway of illustration. On July 1 of rthis year a new department, ‘hedepartment of the geophysical sci¬ences, was formed. It was broughtabout by the amalgamation of the[then! existing departments of *meteorology and of geology. Inaddition, three faculty members Jitstheiiamdoticlivisi«,.atininin 1aredheele:dejonedie?raloglyp—-n1'hj2tcLststitloft hoitsinvstameimei<*'.Mnsai<to <coutonJulian R. Goldsmith,physical sciencesIndividual research, even ifhighly specialized, is greately aid¬ed by contact with one’s col¬leagues. In like manner, students’lives are greatly enriched by fre¬quent contacts w'ith faculty andstudents in other areas of the di¬vision. Departmental and instituteseminars and related activities arefrequent and invaluable, and in¬ from other areas of the division[one from astronomy, two fromchemistry and the Enrico Fermiinstitute! have accepted joint ap¬pointments to the new department.vA new building is on the drawingboards, and when completed, willfurther aid in promoting the con- |Jmitact among scientists of somewhatdifferent disciplines that is so im-1 nei.uhTad■SStiica>xpvor|Unglinderihd'In our culture we think ofthe sciences as involving thestudy of nature. The biologi¬cal sciences include study ofthe properties of that portiono? nature which we regard asliving.The sciences of physics andWiemistry are more general than(biology, and lead their followersto pursue the proper-lies of matter?nd energy wherever found —whether in living or in non-living^sterns. Since biology involvesthe study of the properties of mat¬ter and energy in living systems,it can be mentioned as a restrictedranch of physics or of chemistry.Physicists like to work withsystems which can be conceivedof in such a way as to lend them¬selves to reasonably accurate1mathematical description. Chem¬ists tend to Ire comfortable deal¬ing with systems which are toocomplicated to be attractive tophysicists. Chemists are, in turn,often satisfied to achieve descrip¬tions in terms less rigorous math¬ematically than ones pleasing toa physicist. Biologists are con¬fronted with living systems ofgreat complexity. Some of themost important biological gener¬alizations—for example, the con¬cept of biological evolution—wereformulated without resort toquantitative relations. Yet biolo¬gists and chemists feel rewardedwhenever they can describe im-%portant phenomena in their fieldsin the rigorous quantitative math¬ematical terms of physics. Thusia. very important aim of the bio¬logical sciences is to explain andto understand the properties ofliving systems in terms of thegeneral properties of matter andenergy, — that is, in terms ofphysics and chemistry. BecauseV* the great complexity of bio-Bennett explains biology programlogical systems, such an under¬standing is not easy to achieve.A number of brilliant and emi¬nent physicists and chemists havefound invigorating, intellectualchallenge in turning fruitfully tosome of the difficult and complexproblems of fundamental biology.Amongst such persons were (andare) Lavoisier, Pasteur, Paulingand Szilard.The basic and applied biologicalsciences cover a very broad intel¬lectual area. At the University of whereas the Divisions of Physicalami Biological Sciences share re¬sponsibility for the field of Paleo-Zoology, which is the study offossil animals. The principal fieldof applied biology represented atthe University of Chicago is inthe School of Medicine, which isan integral part of the Divisionof Biological Sciences. The fieldof medicine is concerned with thestudy and understanding of nor¬mal and applied human biologyand with the development andutilization of practical skills re¬lated to the management and con¬trol of the phenomena of humanbiology. At Chicago the Medical School is not organized as a sep¬arate administrative body. TheDivision of Biological Scienceshas responsibility for the pro¬gram leading to the degree ofDoctor of Medicine and the pro¬grams leading to the degrees ofMaster of Science and Doctor ofPhilosophy in the biological sci¬ences.The Division of Biological Sci¬ences embraces a number of aca¬demic departments and commit¬tees which function much as dodepartments. The Division alsomanages the University of Chi¬cago Hospitals, which are essen¬tial to the teaching and research program of the Medical School,Neither the departmental organi.zation nor the hospital arrange¬ments are particularly logical inthe light of present day trendsin biology and medicine. Theseentities have grown up in a his¬torical context and in the prag¬matic light of available financingand special need. The result is aninteresting mixture of overlap¬ping and interconnected depart¬ments, committees, hospitals, sec¬tions, clinics and laboratories inwhich the University of Chicagocarries out its teaching, research,and research training programsin the biological sciences. In this(Continued on page 29iSoc division is extensiveH. Stanley Bennett,biological sciencesChicago the basic biological sci¬ences have their main scholarlyfocus for researclL, advancedteaching and research trainingin the Division of Biological Sci¬ences. The Biology Section of theCollege has responsibility forteaching basic biology to under¬graduates. Several of the Collegefatality members hi this sectionhave ap|>ointments and researchopportunities sponsored by theDivision. Responsibility for re¬search and advanced training inthe bio-hehavioral sciences isshared between the Divisions ofBiological and Social Sciences, Five disciplines are gener¬ally regarded to be the cen¬tral or core social sciences—anthropology, political sci¬ence, psychology, and soci¬ology. History, statistics, andgeography may most appropriatelybe regarded as providing informa¬tion, tools, and methods of greatimportance to the social sciencedisciplines, though aspects of eachfield may make legitimate claimto being both social and scientific.There are branches of statistics,for example, that have made sub¬stantial and direct, contributionsto the study of rules for decisionmaking, which is one of the cen¬tral problems of several of thecore social sciences. The study ofhistory may be, and is, conceivednot only as a tool, but as a sourceof generalization about human be¬havior. Nor is geography solely,or even primarily, concerned withthe actual location and distribu¬tion of resources and persons, butwith the interrelationships thatexist between natural phenomenonysical sciences divisionportantalike. to faculty and studentst It is impossible, within the lim¬its of this article, to fully describejthe “work” of the division whatit. does, what its problems are,jand how they are approached. Todo so would require a lengthy ar¬ticles on each member of the di¬vision. Even within a single de-,.artment there is great variationin the type of research done andin the way it is approached; with¬in the chemistry department thereare organic chemists, inorganicdhemists, physical chemists, nu¬clear chemists, etc.; within the^department of the geophysical sci¬ences thei are geologists, geo¬chemists, geophysicists, crystallo-?raphers, paleontologists, meteoro¬logists, oceanographers, etc.; the•ypes of physicists are as diverse--nuclear physicists, solid-statephysicists, theoretical physicists,-tc., etc. This same diversity ex¬ists throughout the ins^’tutes; thetitle of the Institute for the Studyel Metals is misleading, for al¬though there are metallurgists onits faculty, its chief furction is theinvestigation of matter m the solidstate, by no means restricted tometals. Eac’- man in each depart¬ment does the work that interests-*im the most, and it need not bepaid that no one tells him whatJo do. Teaching responsibilities, ofcourse, are handled somewhat dif¬ferently — generally by agree¬ment of the faculty of the parti-ular department.Facilities are good1 he combination of theoretical*nd experimental work remainsEssential in most areas of the phy¬sical sciences, and although someexperimental scientists can and docork with quite modest laboratory'tuiprnent, it is becoming increas-ngly necessary to construct largemd expensive facilities. For ex-niple, in the area of physics, cx-’crimentalists in the Department^’d Institutes make use of the 170-inch synchrocyclotron, a 400-kilovolt Cockcroft-Walt on accele¬rator {kevatronl, and a Van deGraafT linear accelerator, allhoused in the Enrico Fermi insti¬tute. In addition, there are labor¬atories for mass spectroscopy inphysics as well as in the Fermiinstitute and the geophysical sci¬ences, there are x-ray diffractionand crystal-structure laboratoriesin the institute of metals, physics,and in the geophysical sciences.Well-equipped laboratores forthe study of cosmic rays, elemen¬tary particle physics, spectroscopy,nuclear physics, low'-temperaturephysics, and solid-state physics areat hand. High-pressure and high-temperature facilities are availa¬ble in both the Institute for theStudy of metals and the depart¬ment of the geophysicial sciences,and the former has laboratoriesfor research on the electrical, mag¬netic, mechanical, and thermalproperties of matter at tempera¬tures ranging from that of liquidhelium to the highest temperatureswhich ceramics are capable ofwithstanding.Argonne builds synthrotronFacilities ai'e available for re¬search in crystal chemistry, mole¬cular spectra from infrared to farultraviolet and Raman spectra,both experimental and theoreticaland with applications to organicchemistry, on statistical mechanicsand on radiochemistly. It is im¬practical to list all facilities, andbut a few have been mentioned inpassing. The largest is now underconstruction; the Enrico Fermitinstitute is co-operating in buildingthe 12.5 Bev proton synthrotronat the Argonne National labora¬tory.If it is difficult to discuss all ofthe facilities a\ailable in the di¬vision, it is even more difficult todescribe the research taking place.In the latest copy of the “BasicResearch Program in the PhysicalSciences” there are over 325 ac¬ tive programs [theoretical and ex¬perimental] listed, and this list¬ing is not complete. Some of theresearch is of the type that catch¬es the public eye, although muchof its real worth remains hiddenbehind the front of the spectacu¬lar. The cosmic ray work andspace probes of Professor JohnSimpson and his collaborators, in¬cluding the Chicago Midway labor¬atories [laboratories for appliedsciences], have been in the news,but little of the basic science thatconstitutes the meat of investiga¬tions of this sort reaches the pub¬lic directly. The work of many,although no less important, con¬tains no “newsworthy” elements.Basic study is importantIt is difficult to present suchsubjects as the stability of hydro-dynamic and hydromagnet ic flows(Chandrasekhar, astrophysics], thechemistry of heteroaromatic boroncompounds [Dewar, chemistry],the radiative and eddy fuxes ofheat and the dissipation of kineticenergy within the atmosphere[Petterssen, geophysical sciences],the nature of Rydberg molecularorbitals [Mulliken, physics], andthe investigation of statisticalmethods appropriate to censoredand truncated samples [Meier, sta¬tistics], studies of various com¬puter arithmetics [Metropolis andAshenhurst, computer institute],the foundations of transport theo¬ry [Cohen, institute of metals],extinct natural I’adioactivity [An¬ders, Fermi institute], the theoryof rings [Kaplansky, mathemat¬ics], and literally hundreds ofother topics.Nevertheless, it is now becom¬ing more and more obvious thatsooner or later all of science fil¬ters through to all of us, and nolonger is the “impractical” manout of step with out society.Julian R. GoldsmithAssociate dean,Division of physical science and human : ctivities. Thoughsome of my associates may disa¬gree with me, I would argue thatwhen the historian or geographergoes beyond recording events ornatural phenomena, he draws uponone or more of the five centralsocial science disciplines for therelevant theories and methods.The division of the social scien¬ces at the University of Chicagoincludes, in addition to depart¬ments of the five central socialscience disciplines plus historyand geography, the department ofeducation, which, in terms of bothsize of faculty and student enroll¬ment, is the laigest department inthe division. The department ofeducation, functioning as a train¬ing and research organization,draws very heavily upon severalsocial science disciplines. The coreof its work is the understandingof the learning process and of thesetting [primarily schools] with¬in which this process occurs. Thusit draws most heavily upon psy¬chology, but also upon socioligy,history, and public administration.Division has committeesThe division includes, in additionto the eight departments indicated,several interdisciplinary commit¬tees, some of which award degrees.Two of the committees—The com¬mittee on human development andthe committee on social thought—function much as a department.Each has a separate budget and,while each draws upon facultymembers from other departmentsof the division as well as upon theUniversity as a whole, each has acore faculty primarily concernedwith the activities of the commit¬tee. The committee on human dev¬elopment is primarily orientedtoward psychology, sociology, andanthropology, while the committeeon social thought brings togethersocial scientists, natural scientists,and humanists. Other degree¬granting committees include thecommittee on international rela¬tions, the committee on far east¬ern civilizations, and the divisionalmaster’s committee.Research is one of the two ma¬jor functions of the division; be¬cause of the emphasis in the divi¬sion upon graduate teaching thereis in fact a very close connectionbetween research and teaching. Ina number of departments and com¬mittees, a major fraction of thegraduate education of many stu¬dents occurs as a participant ina research enterprise. Over thepast decade there has been a defi¬nite trend toward the student ac¬tively participating in research asa part of his graduate program.Such a trend almost certainly willcontinue. I may also note thatthere are some small beginningsin providing research opportunitiesfor undergraduates. The depart¬ment of economics is now in thesecond year of a program provid¬ing research opportunities for asmall number of students; the de¬partment of psychology is nowdeveloping what I believe is an ex¬citing program to make it possiblefor a considerable number of un¬dergraduates to undertake re¬search projects.Research undertakings rangefrom the individual scholar whoworks mainly with ma terials avail¬able in the library to the ratherlarge project in which a number of scholars work on the same orrelated studies. Collaboration mayoccur among two or more personsin the same department or amongscholars from several disciplines;or the collaboration may occur be¬tween a faculty member and oneor more advanced graduate stu¬dents.Research is vastSome research is undertaken inthe laboratory under carefullycontrolled conditions; most re¬search involves observation andanalysis of actual populations orgroups as they exist in real lifesituations. The nature of observa¬tion may range from the study ofthe artifacts of extinct civiliza¬tions, the financial records offarms and merchants who livedseveral centuries ago, data madeavailable by governmental census¬es, replies to questionaires admini¬stered to a sample of a population,to detailed observation of a verysmall number of individuals ov eran extended period of time. Someresearch may be of such a naturethat it does not rely upon observ¬ation at all in the usual meaningof that word: such research mayconsist of working out some of theimplications of a given set of as¬sumptions; much of the researchin the fields of welfare economicsor decision making is of this na¬ture.D. Gale Johnson,social sciencesThe research activities of thefaculty of the division cover al¬most all facets of the social sci¬ences. A partial listing of a fewof the research groups may be in¬dicative: workshop in money andbanking, the Philippines studygroup; research center in economicdevelopment and cultural change;the counselling center; committeefor the comparative study of newnations; committee on south Asianstudies; comparative educationcenter; population research andtraining center.Specific research projects In¬clude: Imprinting in animals; fer¬tility in human populations; deve¬lopment of tests to determine theinfluence of age upon productivity;origin, dynamics, and treatment ofchildhood schizophrenia; factorsaffecting the rate of adoption ofnew techniques; income elasticityof demand for housing; the roleof cities in economic development,and cultural change; factors af¬fecting inter-personal relations ina college dormitory; and the effectof school and home environmentupon the achievement of the giftedyoungster.(Continued on page 28'Sept. 29, 1961 CHICAGO MAROON 17The searchby Jay GreenbergFormer Chancellor LawrenceKimpton once remarked that, “Itmay or may not be true that everygreat university has a kind ofgeist, or character, or unity; Ionly know that this one has. . . .It is not too easy to put intowords, but its essence is a pas¬sionate dedication to pure re¬search and scholarship. Every¬thing else is secondary and deriva¬tive.”Much oi the history of the Uni¬versity of Chicago has been asearch to find the function of acollege within such a university,and to discover a curriculumwhich could best serve this func¬tion.It was this search which causedRobert Maynard Hutchins in hisinaugural address to state, Ifthe university’s function is to at¬tempt solutions of difficult educa¬tional problems, to try to illumi¬nate dark and dubious fields, itcannot retreat from the field ofundergraduate work, so dark anddubious today.”It was also this search whichprompted Gordon J. Laing, deanof the graduate school in 1927,to say, “Not even in the best uni¬versity is the graduate work onthe scale or the quality that wouldbe possible if the institution wereentirely free from undergraduateentanglements.”Much of the confusion aboutthe place of a college within theUniversity of Chicago is due tothe way in which the universitywas founded. As Kimpton oncesaid, “Our problem comes about,I suspect, because we did not havea normal childhood. Most well-reared universities began as col¬leges and got the undergraduateprogram well established beforethey took on advanced training.Because we began as a graduateand professional center, we havebeen struggling ever since to findthe proper place and function forundergraduate education.”UC began as a full-sprung uni¬versity because of the foresightof its first president, WilliamRainey Harper, and the benevo¬lence of John D. Rockefeller who,before Harper was through, wasto give almost $80 million to UC.Baptists had, throughout the1880's, been pressuring Rockefel¬ler to establish a denominationalcollege. There had been a Baptistuniversity in Chicago, founded in1859, which throughout its institu¬tional life granted over 5000 de¬grees. But the school, which wasaffiliated with Morgan Park Bap¬tist Theological Seminary, had fi¬nancial difficulties, and wasforced to close its doors in 1886.A university wantedAlthough Rockefeller wouldhave been glad to establish asmall college, Harper had otherplans. He wrote, “it is not a col¬lege, but a university that iswanted, a university of the high¬est order, having also a college.” Again, he proposed to make thework of “investigation primary,the work of giving instructionsecondary.”This plan, which Harper feltwould “revolutionize universitystudy in this country,” was notlooked upon enthusiastically byall educators. Said AugustusStrong, president of the RochesterTheological Seminary, “The mon¬grel institution in C h i c a g o—neither fish, flesh, nor fowl, nei¬ther university, college, nor acad¬emy, would not create even aripple in the educational sea.”But the combining of under¬graduate work in the same insti¬tution was not the only innovationbrought by Harper to Chicago.The first university press in thenation was established here. Afirm believer in continuing educa¬tion, Harper established the Uni¬versity college, an extensionschool for those who had com¬pleted their formal education.Harper, a tireless worker him¬self, felt little need for a vacationduring the summer months. Forthis reason, a quarter system wasestablished, so students could con¬tinue studying all year if they sodesired.The place Harper found for acollege within his university wasa major one. He proposed that thecollege faculty “accept as its fun¬damental principle . . . that anessential element in the educationof every man, and especially inthat of the scientist, is a studyof the great heritage we have re¬ceived from the past.” He favoreda curriculum which would requirestudents to take “a specified num¬ber of courses in the study of thehistory, the institutions, and per¬haps the literature of the past.”Two collegesHarper’s college plan called forthe establishment of a junior (oracademic) college and a senior(or university) college. Each ofthese colleges, in turn, had threedistinct divisions, each awardingdifferent degrees. The AA degreemarked completion of two yearsin the junior college, while grad¬uates of the two year senior col¬lege received either an AB. anSB, or a PhB (bachelor of philo¬sophy).The curriculum of the first col¬leges was largely elective, al¬though some provision was takento assure that the student wouldget a coherent program of generaleducation. Course requirementswere stated in terms of ‘majors’(a course one quarter in length,usually meeting four or five timeseach week), and over or under¬specialization was avoided by re¬quiring that no more than a speci¬fied number of majors could betaken from a given department,but that a specified minimumhad to be taken from one depart¬ment for the degree to be award¬ed.Administrative attitude towardthe college is best summed up bya 1902 statement by the dean of.<niiam Rainey Harper for the Collegethe junior college, who said, “Thejunior college is ... a clearinghouse between the secondaryschool on the one hand and thehigher work of the senior collegeand graduate school on the otherhand.”One innovation which Harperbrought to his university was theestablishment of four graduationseach year. His statement aboutthis plan well summarizes his at¬titude toward colleges:“The whole custom of the an¬nual graduation will, withoutdoubt, gradually disappear. Manyof the features of the old com¬mencement day have already beengiven up.“It is only a rigid arrangement,which treats alike all students ofwhatever capacity, which can se¬cure an annual graduation day.The fact is that each individualstudent should be treated sep¬arately, and when his course ofstudies completed he should begiven his diploma. From thispoint of view, students will begraduated from the Universityevery quarter.“The student will receive hisdiploma not because a certainnumber of years have passed anda certain day in June has arrived,but because his work is finished.Whether earlier or later than theordinary period of college educa¬tion, it does not matter. The col¬lege should not be a machine.Every year of a man’s life is im¬portant. If he can finish his workin a period of time shorter thanthat usually given by six monthsor a year, let him have the satis¬faction of entering upon his lifework so much sooner. If it re¬quires six months or a yearlonger to finish the requiredamount of work, let him not behurried through and the work,though incomplete and unsatisfac¬tory, be called finished.”Harper’s original faculty wasone of the most distinguished everassembled in the United States.Attracted by reduced teachingloads to permit more time forresearch, an average salary dou¬ble that obtainable elsewhere, andthe promise of a pioneering in¬stitution, the first faculty of 120persons numbered among it ninewho had been presidents of otherinstitutions.There was no doubt throughoutits early history as to who ranthe University of Chicago. Thus,when William Rainey Harper sud¬denly died in 1906, chaos ensued.Emery Filbcy, now a UC vice-president emeritus, and a manwho has served under every UCchief officer except Harper, wrote,fifty years after Harper’s death:“Harper had the requisite drive,insight and imagination neces¬sary to make his University areality, but he accomplished whathe did only by disregarding thequestion of ‘available funds.’ It’snot without accuracy to say thatHarper rode to glory in a burstof deficits!”Thus, when Harry Pratt Jud¬son, a member of Harper’s origi¬nal faculty, acceded to thepresidency in 1907, the University,despite the contributions of Rock¬efeller, was broke.Judson lacks imaginationJudson had neither the imagina¬tion nor the drive of Harper, andconcerned himself little with un¬dergraduate curriculum. A 1920statement of his is typical: “Oneof the difficulties of universityadministration is to effect aproper distribution of funds aspertaining to graduate work . . .and undergraduate instruction.. . , The number of undergradu¬ates tends to increase to a verylarge extent and of course under¬graduate instruction must be pro¬vided. The inevitable tendency isto siphon off funds from moreadvanced work to the great em¬barrassment of this essential partof university activities.”However, Judson did share onecharacteristic of Harper’s, a con¬tempt for the American pattern of education under which studentsspend eight years in elementaryschool, four in high school, andfour in college. Both men felt thatthe student was ready for collegework at 16.Harper had planned to relatethe junior college years to thelast two years of high school, butthis idea had been abandoned.Judson likewise felt that thefreshman year was largely awaste of time, and that “the bestthing to do with the freshmanyear is to abolish it.” This wasnot done, but the eighth gradewas eliminated in the Universityhigh school, enabling at leastsome Chicago students to entercollege at an earlier age.Judson placed more emphasison training for a vocation thanhad Harper. In one statement, hesaid, “It is the duty of collegeofficers to see to it that the col¬lege curriculum . . . interposesno inflexible bar against advance¬ment. ... It is quite possible toattain general culture in a collegecourse and yet so to plan a goodpart of the work that it will leaddirectly toward a profession al¬ready chosen.”Robert Hutchins, in a 1942 ad¬dress, remarked, “The collegemust resolutely face the questionof what is important and whatis not. It cannot teach everythingthat any student thinks he wouldlike to hear about or that anyteacher thinks he would like totalk about. It cannot pile courseson course.... It must set up clearand comprehensible goals for itsstudents to reach. It must articu¬late its courses, squeezing outwaste, water, and duplication.“It cannot tolerate education bythe adding machine, that systemby which we mark the intellectualprogress of the young by thearithmetical averages they haveachieved on a medley of miscella¬neous courses. . . . More than all,(the college) that wishes to solvethe problem of how to developand administer a liberal educationmust have a faculty devoted tothis task.”During the Judson administra¬tion, and especially in the periodimmediately following World WarI, there was almost no facultyconcern for the colleges. For thetwo-year period immediately fol¬lowing the war, average attend¬ance at college faculty meetingswas only 9.7. Chauncy S. Boucher, dean ofthe college in the late ’20’s, writ¬ing about the state of the collegeafter the war, notes that majorsupport for the continuance ofundergraduate education were:1. It provided the departmentswith an opportunity to selectpromising research students.2. It brought revenue whichhelped pay for research and grad¬uate instruction.3. It attracted contributionsfrom college alumni, since it wasthis group, rather than graduateschool alumni which had greaterwealth.In 1923 the college was at itslowest ebb. The romance lan¬guages department had even stop¬ped teaching its introductorycourses, turning this responsibil¬ity over to the staff of the lab¬oratory school. But the state ofthe' college was, in this year,helped by the resignation of Jud¬son and the appointment of Ern¬est DeWitt Burton, a New Testa¬ment scholar and member of thefaculty since 1892, as president.Burton showed more interestin undergraduate education thanhad his predecessor. He felt thatthe University had, “an unusualopportunity to develop a type ofundergraduate life not yet pre¬sented in any modern university,”and he told the University Senatethat “the development of . . . (theundergraduate) division is no lessobligatory than the developmentof the work of the graduate andprofessional schools.”Perhaps the most significantstep taken by Burton toward im¬provement of the college was theappointment, in 1923, of ErnestHatch Wilkins, a romance lan¬guage scholar, as dean of the Col¬lege. Wilkins showed great con¬cern for the student body, intro¬ducing, among other reforms, thefirst orientation week for under¬graduate students.First survey courseUnder Wilkins’ administration,UC’s first survey course was in¬troduced. As one commentatornoted, “It is impossible to attaina satisfactory general educationthrough the introductory coursesof various departments becauseof the large number of differentdepartments in the University.”The survey course was to be¬come the basis of UC’s undergrad-(Cont. on following page)18 • CHICAGO MAROON « Sept. 29, 1961\ The nature of the world and of man(Cont. from preceding page)i uate curriculum. This first course,taught in 1924, was entitled “Thenature of the world and of man,”covered two quarters, and fea¬tured lectures by leading Univer¬sity scientists.But despite these changes, themajor work of Bur-ton’s two yearadministration was running a de¬velopment campaign for the Uni¬versity, a campaign which did, in¬deed, net some $10 million.Burton died in 1925, and wasshortly succeeded by Max Mason,a well known mathematician fromthe University of Wisconsin, ttwas largely during Mason’s ad¬ministration that the plans for fu¬ture development of UC under¬graduate education were laid. Ofthe college he said, “One of thegreatest duties that we have toperform is to create ... a univer¬sity in which participation inscholarship is pleasant, lookedfor, and appreciated by the under¬graduate body.”Mason also said, “We are in al>eriod of wholesome self-exam¬ination and experimentation formeans of vitalizing the intel¬lectual life of the undergraduate.. . . Our goal will be reached when. . . the intellectual work of thecollege becomes a ‘student ac¬tivity.’ ”'Credit system' examinedDuring Mason’s administrationseveral departments, moved bythe success of UC’s first surveycourse, began investigation ofsuch courses for themselves. Alsocoming under examination wasthe “credit system” of course ac¬counting, under which studentsgraduated after completing a cer¬tain number of class hours.Twenty years later RobertHutchins was to say of the creditsystem, “The credit system isunique in the United States, andthe country cannot be proud ofthe distinction. Everywhere elsein the world the student has beensupposed to be recognized forwhat he knows, not for what hehas been through. Any method ofdetermining intellectual progress,particularly of large numbers, isbound to be unsatisfactory. Butcertainly the least satisfactory isthat by which students are ex¬pected to achieve a certain num¬ber of credits with a certain arith¬metical average based on recita¬tions and examinations given andgraded by the teachers who havetaught the courses.”Max Mason was thinking alongthese lines in 1928. He appointeda committee of nine members, un¬der the chairmanship of ChauncyBoucher, dean of the College, tostudy the reorganization of theundergraduate curriculum. Thecommittee reported, and the con¬tent of its report was due forfaculty discussion on May 8, 1928.Under the report, requirementsfor a bachelor’s degree were stat¬ed in terms of comprehensive ex¬aminations, one in a major fieldand two in a minor field. Gradu¬ation from the junior college wasto be based on the completion offive comps, one in English com¬position, one in a foreign lan-guage, one in natural science andmathematics, one in social sci¬ence, and one in an elective field.Tiie timing of the report wasunfortunate. Mason had an¬nounced his resignation from thepresidency on May 7. In his fare¬well address, the retiring UC headstated, “I have spoken much be¬fore faculty dinners of the under¬graduate problem. Most of thesupport has gone to graduatework; a good many of the wordshave gone to the undergraduatedepartment. I hope it will bo treat¬ed with the seriousness it de¬serves.”The search for a successor toMason lasted for 18 months. Dur¬ing this tinle the proposal of theBoucher committee was b e i n gstudied by boards in both the jun¬ior and senior colleges.In 1928 a special conference of law school deans and professorsmet in Chicago. “Among them,”according to a 1937 Fortune mag¬azine article on UC, “was RobertMaynard Hutchins, then a hand¬some, athletic looking 28, whosepart in re animating the oncesomnolent Yale law school hadgiven him a reputation as theBoy Wonder of US education.”Midway through the conference,Hutchins was invited to lunch byHarold Swift, then chairman ofthe board of trustees, and fiveother trustees. Although he wasinterested in coming to Chicagoto head the Law school, Hutchinswas very outspoken during themeeting, so much so that he felthe had ruined his chance for aposition here.Hutchins namedLess than a year later RobertHutches was named president ofthe University of Chicago.Hutchins had ideas about edu¬cation. In The Higher Learning inAmerica, the most widely read ofhis many books, he says, “Educa¬tion implies teaching. Teachingimplies knowledge. Knowledge istruth. Truth is everywhere thesame. Hence education shouldeverywhere be the same.”But what was this universalscheme of education? Hutchinsapplied himself to the practicalapplication of his problem, fram¬ing a curriculum for the collegeof the University of Chicago.On March 5, 1931, Hutchins’New Plan for the University wasadopted. This was the first of aseries of “new colleges,” the endof which is npt yet in sight.Hutchins’ proposal combined agood deal of the thinking of thepast with his own ideas. Five divi¬sions were created, to help solvethe administrative difficulties re¬sulting from the departmentalsystem of organization. Thesewere the biological sciences, thehumanities, the physical sciences,the social sciences, and the col¬lege. The college was to have con¬trol only over the first two yearsof undergraduate education, andwas to award the AA degree.Graduation from the junior col¬lege was to be based on the com¬pletion of seven comprehensiveexaminations: one in Englishcomposition, one in biology, onein the humanities, one in physicalsciences, one in social sciences,and two non-elective sequences.Mathematics and a foreign lan¬guage were also required, butthey were submitted by most stu¬dents as having been completedin high school. Instruction inmathematics was not even offeredin the college, students being ableto fulfill the requirement onlythrough the home study division.Divisional organization, whichHutchins proposed in a one-pagereport, had been discussed at UCas far back as 1915, when a re¬port of the University Senate com¬mittee suggested grouping depart¬ments as follows: philosophy, so¬cial sciences, classics, modern lan¬guages, mathematical and phys¬ ical sciences, biological sciences,and physical culture.The advantages of divisional or¬ganization were summed up inhis report when he said theywere, “to improve administrationby placing greater responsibilityon officers who are familiar withthe work of their respective divi¬sions, to reduce the number of in¬dependent budgets presented toand administered by the Presi¬dent’s office, to promote coopera¬tion in research, to coordinateteaching and to open the way toexperiments in general highereducation.”Students under the New Planwere permitted to take a place¬ment test which would allowthem to eliminate the require¬ment of a course in English com¬position. Few students succeededin “placing out,” however. Allother courses were compulsoryfor all students.Looking back at his originalcurriculum plan, Hutchins laterfelt that there had been too greatan emphasis on science. “The cur¬riculum adopted by the College,”he said, “consisted mainly of gen¬eral courses in the humanities,the social sciences, and the biolog¬ical and physical sciences. Al¬though this was a natural align¬ment of the fields of knowledge,it was also, I fear, a reflection ofthe administrative organization ofthe University. The work of theUniversity in science was so vastthat two administrative divisionshad to be formed to deal with it.It did not follow that half of lib¬eral education had to be naturalscience.“In general education we areinterested in drawing out the ele¬ments of our common human na¬ture; we are interested in the at¬tributes of the race, not the acci¬dents of individuals.” This quotefrom the Higher learning inAmerica gives insight into thethought behind the New Plan cur¬riculum.A major feature of the NewPlan was the substitution of com¬prehensive examinations for grad¬ing by individual teachers. DeanBoucher, writing in the ChicagoCollege Plan, a book designed toexplain the new program, says,“Whenever each faculty memberis free to award course marks inaccordance with his own individ¬ual standard or system (or lackof both) of evaluation, chaos re¬sults.The office of University Exam¬iner was established to prepareand administer these examina¬tions. Students could proceed attheir own rate, taking an exam¬ination whenever they felt readyfor it. Class attendance was notrequired.Organization of instructionalunits were also changed by theNew Plan. The “staff,” a new or¬ganizational unit, came into exist¬ence in each college course. Un¬der the direction of the dean,these staffs planned collegecourses.Syllabi first issuedSyllabi were also first issued under the New Plan. The purpose dents. They will not go on to theof these combination course out- university. Nevertheless we mustlines-source readings was to en- jiave a curriculum which will, incourage independent study on thepart of the student. ,he ma,n' do as weU for ,hoseUnder these conditions the New wh0 are SolnS on as “ t,ocs ,orPlan began operation. Evaluating those who are not.the program, Reuben Frodin, a “What shall the curriculum be?former assistant dean of the Col¬lege, writes, “The fact that stu¬dents did not have to attend class¬es did not cut down attendance. A course of study consisting ofthe greatest books of the West¬ern world and the arts of reading,The fact that they could proceed writing, thinking, and speaking,as rapidly as they wanted did not together with mathematics, thematerially change the pace; in the jjest exemplar of the processes offirst three years of the program . _thirty-four students completed human reason- If our h0Pe hastheir work for the College cer- been to frame a curriculum whichtificate in less than the usual educes the elements of our corn-time, but one hundred and eight- mon human nature, this programeen took longer than the usual should rea]ize our htwo year period. The curriculum,President Hutchins said in 1935, ^ we Wls^ to PrePare * b e“succeeded in keeping the indi¬vidual up against work that isstimulating and challenging tohim.”When the plan was first intro¬duced, one of its supporters stat¬ed, “Since it was agreed at theoutset that the plan and its ad¬ministration were to be dynamicand not static (since any educa¬tional program, to be able to vin¬dicate its existence, must reactboth to and upon the society it ispresumed to serve), our educa¬tional objectives must at all timesbe subjected to critical evaluation,and hence subject to change atany time; and as educational ob¬jectives are changed, instructionalmaterials and their organizations,instructional methods, and themeans of measuring results mustall be changed accordingly.”So, despite the fact that theNew Plan was a complete depar¬ture from the tradition of UC, itwas not long before furtherchanges were made. In 1933 juris¬diction over the last two years ofUniversity high school was trans¬ferred to the College faculty. Thiswas objected to by many facultymembers on the grounds that itconverted college professors intohigh school teachers, but thechange was nevertheless made.The new four year unit was notyet called “the College”; thatchange not coming about until1937. Maude and Robert Hutch¬ins arriving on campus in1929.Robert Hutchins and Lawrence Kimpfcn at Kimpton'sinauguration. Th rce objectivesHutchins did not achieve all theobjectives he set for himself. Onewhich never came about was thereorganization of the programleading to a PhD. In his inaugu¬ral address he stated, “I am con¬vinced . . . that some programrecognizing the dual objectives ofgraduate study, the education ofteachers and the education of re¬search men, must be tried at theUniversity of Chicago.” The planwas never adopted.Another point on which the newpresident was'frustrated was hisdesire to consolidate UC andNorthwestern university. Theplan, which Hutchins proposed in1933, failed, causing him to saymany years later, “I shall nevercease to regret the failure of thisplan, for I regard it as one of thegreat lost opportunities in the his¬tory of American education.”In 1936, working under theprinciple that “The end of generaleducation can be achieved best byhelping students to master theleading ideas and significant factsin the principal fields of knowl¬edge, with a view to the develop¬ment of intelligent action,” a Cur¬riculum committee of the Collegerecommended further changes inthe undergraduate program.Robert Hutchins said, “Let usassume that we have an intelligible organization of education under which there is a four yeaiunit, beginning at about the beginning of the junior year in highschool and ending at about theend of the sophomore year in col¬lege. Let us assume that we aregoing to try to teach in that uniteverybody who can learn frombooks. Let us assume furtherthat the conclusion of their workin this unit will mark the end offormal instruction for most stu- young for intelligent action, thiscourse of study should assist us;for they will have learned whathas been done in the past andwhat the greatest men havethought. They will have learnedhow to think themselves. If wewish to lay a basis for advancedstudy, that basis is provided. Ifwe wish to secure true universi¬ties, we may look forward tothem, because students and pro¬fessors may acquire through thiscourse of study a common stockof ideas and common methods ofdealing with them. All needs ofgeneral education in Americaseem to be satisfied by this cur¬riculum.”Toward this end, Hutchinsbrought Stringfellow Barr, a his¬torian, and Scott Buchanon, a/philosopher, from the Universityof Virginia to set up a programbased on the Great Books of theWestern World. But UC’s facultyrebelled against this idea and, ac¬cording to Buchanon, “It was agreat relief for everybody” whenthey left for St. John’s college atAnnapolis to set up their pro¬gram.But broad Curriculum changeswere introduced in the late 1930’s.In 1936 a four year college wasset up parallel to the existing twoyear institution. Both collegeswere to grant the AA degree, thefour year program being designedfor entrance after completion ofthe second year of high school.Fifteen comprehensive examin¬ations were required for gradua¬tion from the four year college.These included: three years ofhumanities, three years selectedfrom two years of biological sci¬ence and two years of physicalscience, three years of social sci¬ence, three years of reading, writ¬ing, and criticism, one year of(Cont. on following page)Sept. 29, 1961 C H I CAGO MAROON 19'Education ... it is the only hope we have'(Cont. from preceding page) at another institution and a 16- power has been used. Hutchins lasted only four months,philosophy, and two years of elec- year°ld who had Just finished Going back to the Council, Chosen was Lawrence Alpheustives. In addition students were tw0 3"ears of high school. How Hutchins’veto was overruled. For Kimpton, vice-president for de-to present evidence of work equiv- C0ldd a coherent program for both a while it looked as if the matter velopment of the University. Withalent to two years of hi^h school tyPes of students be developed? would be submitted to the Board the exception of three years asstudv of a foreign language and “The veteran will have to be of Trustees, a situation which no- dean of students at Stanford uni¬mathematics. admitted on the basis of general body wanted to see happen. But versity, Kimpton had spent hisThis “new eolW- was hased tests,” said Hutchins in 1943. cooler heads prevailed, and a com- entire academic career at UC. Aon the orincinle that “the end of “There will be no other way of promise, under which the PhB philosopher by training, Kimptongeneral* education can be achieved admitting him. It remains to be was abolished the following year, had been dean of students, UCbest bv heloine students to mas- seen whether the colleges will was reached. representative to the Manhattanter the leading" ideas and sienifi- tken have the courage to see to By 1950 the plan to award the project, and finally vice president,cant farts in the nrincinal fields it that his program through and BA degree at the end of two years Kimpton immediately focusedof knowledge with a view to the graduation from the institution was running into trouble. The his efforts on the sorry state ofdevelonmrnt of intelligent action ” are determined in the same way.” largest percentage of students en- the University’s finances and theron]v.wrtl«afte"hiS Toward this end me placement graduation fr o m rapidly deteriorating Hyde Parku wa..- oniv two >ears anei inis high school that UC ever had was commumtv. Summing up thechange that World War II began; test program was esaWtshedm ^ A„hough for hig„ school problems h„ "adn?nls(ra.that great conflict was not to be • y ’ , graduates the program was sup- tion, Kimpton once remarked:without its effect on UC. The *. g . , g posed to be a two year BA fol- “We were operating on a budg-mncf ohanupc ht-onaht hu given credit for a required course , , , ,. J . vvc ^ . f . Kmost Ov _rt changes biought by * booause thev had comnlet Iowed by a three yoar masters> et that made the fiscal imbalancethe war were the occupation o ed a sfmilar course \n hi„h sc^ool the average high school graduate of the federal government lookBurton-Judson courts Bartlettwas held for courses was taking 116 of the 14 comps like solvency. We were living ingym. and the fieldhouse by armed 1 he student was held lor courses . 1950 neighborhood which was fastforce*; and the larire decline fn ln Which hlS placement SCOre a “wgnouiauou vviucu w<ts ictsienrollment S * 1 'showed he had insufficient com- BA not recognized becoming a laboratory for our"J petence. ' No schools other than UC sc- school of social service adminis-War builds UC Thus, the merging of the two cepted the BA as more than rep- tration. We had a College that,But the totalitarian govern- and four year colleges became resenting two years of college, with all its genius was frozen intoments in Europe had even a de facto as well as de jure. Pre- Thus, students who had spent a pattern alienating it from thegreater effect on UC’s future. As vious training, in high school, three and four years here were rest of the University and indeedHutchins said in a wartime State army school, or even another uni- recognized elsewhere as having from the rest of the educationalof the University address, “The versity, was no longer of conse- done only two years of college world.American position on academic quence. work. “We had some strong divisionsfreedom has brought to our uni- During the years 1945-49 the And then, in December 1950, but we had some weak ones, too.versifies men of great distinction College curriculum developed into the University was plunged fur- Most of our professional schoolswhose race or whose views are the form it retained until 1959. ther into confusion. Robert May- were almost at the point whereheld to disqualify them from car- Through gradual additions and nard Hutchins resigned. they could have closed their doorsrying on the search for truth in subtractions, the required core of In his farewell to the student and nobody would have knowncertain other countries. It may courses in 1949 included fourteen body, Hutchins stated, “My ob- the difference. And we had aturn out that Hitler and Mussolini comprehensive examinations, servation leads me to think that built-in arrogance that overstatedwill be the great builders of the These were: three years of hu- happiness lies in the fullest use of the good and blurred or ignoredAmerican universities. At the Uni- manities, three years of natural one’s highest powers. Of course it the bad.versity of Chicago hardly a de- science, three years of social sci- is folly to talk of the fullest use PR greatest problempartment from Art to Zoology ence, and one each of English of a man’s highest powers if he is “Perhaps our greatest problemhas failed to benefit from the de- composition, history of Western starving to death. You are in lit- was this mysterious entity knowntermined ignorance of totalitarian civilization, foreign language, tie danger ol starving to death, at as public relations. The liberalsregimes.” mathematics, and a course de- least you are if a world catas- regarded us as fascists and theMuch of UC’s effort at this signed to integrate all the others, trophe can be avoided. conservatives thought of us astime went into helping the war observation, interpi’etation, and “Your advantages are such that communists. High schools thoughteffort. Enrico Fermi came to the integration. you have a decided superiority us odd, colleges thought us ar-University and. in 1942, the first In 1945 an administrative reor- over the great majority of your rogant, and our sister institutionsnuclear chain reaction occurred ganization was the major concern fellow-citizens when it comes to thought us incomprehensible,under the west stands of Stagg of the University. President Hutch- the sheer business of staying There was a unanimity on onlyfield. ins had stated, “The President of alive. Your problem lies in the one point — nobody proposed toAlthough military men and sci- the University of Chicago has no moral and intellectual realm, in give us any money.”entists might have been pleased authority to determine education- achieving the feeling that you Kimpton’s success in improvingwith events at UC in the early al policy, though his position gives have made the most of yourselves, the community and the Univer-’40s, Robert Hutchins was not. So him responsibility for it. In 1942 that you have done the best you sity’s finances was immediate. Ahe said: “The fact is that we have I suggested to the Board, with the could, and that you have not let balanced budget was presentednot for many years taken educa- unanimous approval of the deans down yourselves or your fellow the following year. Within a fewtion seriously in this country. It and other administrative officers, nien. years he was able to state, “If thehas been regarded chiefly as a that it act to achieve clarification “Here I hope that you will fol- cash on hand is added to pledgesmeans of gaining social or ecp- either (1) by making the author- low the example of your univer- and bequests, the total (of con-nomic advancement. ity of the President whoever sity. Bor I still think, as I have tributions) is three times larger‘“Nobody knows what education he may be at any time com- thought for many years, that the than the total of any year in thecould accomplish if we co u 1 d mensurate with his responsibility, motto of the University should be history of our University.”prune out the triviality and fri- or (2) recognizing the existing that line from Walt Whitman, To deal with the problem ofvolity which are its chief charac- facts and changing the title of ‘Solidarity, singing in the West, Hyde Park, the South East Chi-teristics in America and concen- President to Chairman of the I strike up for a new world.’ ” cago commission was created.trate on educating all our people Faculties.1to live for human ends in a hu- Thus, in 1945, Hutchins wasman v/orld. We must now at last named first Chancellor of thetake education seriously and de- University. A pi*esident was alsovote an amount of thought and appointed, to handle some of theeffort to it comparable to that administrative functions of thewhich went into the making of chief officer. This position wasthe atom bomb. Education may retained until 1952, when Law-not save us, but it is the only rence Kimpton said, “In the in¬hope we have.” terests of economy and the desireThus, the college changed again not to multiply . administrativein 1942. The two and four year personnel beyond- necessity, theprograms were merged into one. position (of president) has notThirteen comprehensive examina- been filled. . .” The position istions were required for students still vacant.not graduating from high school, During most of its existencewhile eight comps were asked of the College had been awarding, inthose graduating. addition to the BA and BS, theAt the same time, Hutchins de- degree of Bachelor of Philosophy,cided that the time was right for Under the PhB program, studentsawarding the bachelor’s degree could substitute two electiveupon completion of the general fields for the terminal courses ineducation requirement. Said he, two of the three major general“No program of liberal education, education sequences (humanities,whether it ends at eighteen or social science, natural science),twenty-two, can produce a man However, in 1945 Clarancewho will never have to learn any- Faust, dean of the College, pro-thing more. . . . Education is a posed to the faculty that it elim-lifelong process. We are not so inate the PhB degree. Faust ar-deluded as to suppose that educa- gued that it was impossible totional institutions by any age, can build coherent three year se-do what only a full lifetime of quences if the second year wouldstudy, reflection, and experience be terminal for some students,can accomplish.” Agreeing with Faust that thisThe physical and biological sci- was a “natural next step in theences division were, however, per- development of the College,” themitted to grant the BS degree un- faculty voted to abolish the de-til the end of the national emer- gree.gency. With these exceptions, Ruling that this decision affect¬granting of the bachelor’s degree ed the entire University, the Coun-became the prerogative of tiie col- cil of the University Senate votedlege faculty. shortly thereafter to ask the Col-A.s the war drew near its end, lege faculty to reconsider its ac¬tive problem of educating return- tion. Robert Hutchins used theing veterans became the major new veto power of the Chancel-one facing the College. In the lor on this decision of the Coun-same entering class might be a cil — the first and only time in23-year-old veteran with two years the University’s history that this The search for a successor to The work of this group is stilliRobert Hutchins at the time of his election to the Presi¬dency of the University.-20 going on, but noticeable changeshave already been made in thecommunity.Only after these problems weresolved could the place of the Col¬lege, and of undergraduate edu¬cation, be discussed. AlthoughKimpton felt that “The HutchinsAB was the finest system of gen¬eral education devised that theU. S. had ever seen,” he alsofound problems in continuing toaward it.Seeking a better answer to theproblem of how to give the bestpossible undergraduate education,a committee under vice presidentFfmery Filbey was formed to lookinto the undergraduate curricu¬lum.The Fibley report, which wentinto effect in Autumn, 1954, calledfor the awarding of the BA aftercompletion of the “fourteencomps” plus a year of specializa¬tion in one of the divisions. Thedegree was to be awarded jointlyby both the College and the divi¬sions, thus taking from the col¬lege sole authority for grantingthe BA.To maintain some of its auton¬omy the College instituted thetutorial studies and professionaloption programs. Under the for¬mer, students completed theirgeneral education requirementand then, in their last year wrotea thesis, under the supervision ofa tutor, on a subject of his choice.Under the professional option pro¬gram, after completing the gen¬eral education, the student wouldgo immediately into one of theprofessional schools, receiving hisBA after one year there.Announcement of the changebrought forth a violent reactionfrom the student body. A demon¬stration was staged in front ofthe administration building inwhich signs saying “Give us backour College,” “We want an edu¬cation,” and “Reconsider” wereseen everywhere.Nor were the protests confinedsolely to students. Morton Grod-zins claimed that “The action rec¬ommended effaces the philosophyof the College and mutilates itsprogram.” Milton Singer said, “Ithink (the decision) sets the Uni¬versity back at least 15 years.”But there were equally vocalsupporters of the resolution. Sam¬uel Allison said, “I feel that thenew program ought to strengthenthe College considerably and putit on a more realistic basis.”Explaining his committee’s re¬port at the time, Filbey statedthat the action was taken "notbecause the Collpge has notproved popular, or because theCollege program is undesirable;the University simply cannot fi¬nance the program on the numberof students it attracts. The prob¬lem of recruiting students fromthe local high schools is very dif¬ficult. . . . The University needsstudents. It has been suggestedthat we apply to the foundation,and this has been done; and whilethere has been a generous re¬sponse the University still cannotfinance a student population ofadequate proportions on the feestaken in. And so it appears thatif we want adequate support, wemust meet the high school stu¬dent at graduation and adjust theeleventh grade program. . . . Byadding a year to the present col-lege program, we can improvethat program also.”New college problemsThe new College was found tobe filled with difficulties, how¬ever. Every student had two ad¬visors, one in the College andone in the divisions, and theyoften gave diametrically opposedadvice.In addition, it was found thatalthough the average student wasplacing out of only 1.5 of thefourteen comps, he was takingonly 8.5 exams. Many studentsmissed the terminal courses, hu¬manities 3, social science 3, ornatural science 3, which were themost important parts of the pro¬gram.Thus, in 1957 the Executivecommittee on undergraduate edu-(Cont. on following page)CHICAGO MAROON Sept. 29, 1961'We continue to(Cont. from preceding page) build, ignoring the times’cation <ECUE) was formed underthe chairmanship of LawrenceKimpton. The committee wascharged with re-evaluating theCollege program, with finding amore effective plan of generaleducation.The committee reported in1958. It summarized its recom¬mendations as follows:"The pattern of study leadingto the degree of bachelor of artsshould consist of two years ofwork in general education oneyear of work in a single area ofconcentration, and one year offree and guided electives."The pattern of study leadingto the degree of bachelor of sci¬ence should consist of two yearsof work in general education andwork in a single area of concen¬tration. The concentration re¬quirements (including prerequi¬sites) should normally not exceedtwo years, but, in fields in whichrecognized standards require ad¬ditional work they may includeup to a maximum of two and onehalf years."A new faculty should be estab¬lished to be called the Collegefaculty, and so constituted as toassure a genuinelv representativeconsideration of all aspects of un¬dergraduate education for whichit has responsibility."This undergraduate facultyshould l>e empowered to deter¬mine the requirements for thedegree of bachelor of arts andto determine the requirements ingeneral education for the degreeof bachelor of sciences.”Thus the autonomy of the Col¬lege. which had been destroy 3dby the 1953 Joint Degree pro¬gram, was returned. The Collegecould once more award degrees.Alan Simpson, a historian spe¬cializing in Puritan England, wasappointed dean of the new andreorganized college. Speaking ofthe advantages of the new pro¬gram, Simpson said:“We have balanced the claimsof specialized training againstthose of general education. Wehave weighed the claims of indi¬vidual choice against an earlierfaith in uniformity. We havetried to get the research scholarto think as hard about the prob¬lems' of the young student asabout those of his peers, and weare offering every facility to theteacher to fertilize his teachingby access to research. We havecorrected some of the biaseswhich made our college a delightto certain types of mind and adelirium to others. . . ."The best feature of the oldsystem was the spirit of radicalinquiry and enthusiasm whichloused the mind even when itmisled it."The best feature of the newis the guarantee, supplied by anundergraduate faculty of all the talents, that innovation will bewedded to experience, and no re¬source neglected which can en¬rich a liberal education.”Lawrence Kimpton was prob¬ably thinking the same thoughtswhen he said, “Solid excellencemust accompany innovation if itis to be significant, and thebreathless breakthrough oftenturns out to be a gimmick or agadget that briefly dazzles thosewho are determined quickly tosave the world.”The newest of a series of Col¬leges had a substantially reducedgeneral education program.Twenty-nine quarter courseswere required instead of the four¬teen comps. Eliminated from therequirements for most studentswere the old 'terminal courses’—natural science 3, humanities 3,social science 3, and the integra¬tion courses, OMP.Since the maximum time allot¬ted to general education is twoyears, and since, therefore, nostudent can take more than 24of the prescribed 29 quarters,each student is expected to placeout of at least five quarters ofwork. Those who do not succeedin placing out of enough coursesare mitigated — certain coursesare waived on the basis of thestudent’s past record. The prob¬lem of mitigation, which in manycircumstances leaves a vast, un¬filled gap in the student's gen¬eral education, is one of the ma¬jor problems facing administra¬tors of the new college.Comprehensives dyingThe system of comprehensiveexaminations seems to be dyinga slow death. Several Collegecourses are now counting quar¬terly grades as grades of record.In all courses students must re¬ceive passing quarterly gradesbefore being allowed to take thecomp.A year and one half ago Law¬rence Kimpton announced hisresignation as Chancellor of theUniversity. He was succeeded tenmonths later by George WellsBeadle, Nobel prize winning gen¬eticist from the California Insti¬tute of Technology. Beadle’s phil¬osophy of education is, perhaps,best summed up by this state¬ment from his inaugural address:"Speaking in very generalterms, one can say that it is thepurpose of a university to pre¬serve, evaluate, understand, andtransmit to future generationsthe best of man’s total accumu¬lated culture — its history, reli¬gion, art, music, literature, andtechnology. Additions are, ofcourse, constantly being made toall of these through rediscoveryand through new discovery. If theprocesses by which human cul¬ture evolves are to continue un¬abated, it is of the greatest im¬ portance that new generationsunderstand the ways in whichthese additions are made. Themost effective way I know to dothis is for the individual to par¬ticipate in the process—to experi¬ence the incomparable thrill oforiginal discovery, even if thisbe in a modest way only.”The search for a better collegewithin the University of Chicagois going on today. A committeeto review the college curriculum,under the chairmanship of pro¬fessor of history William Mc¬Neill, has reported to the Collegefaculty. Whether the changessuggested by this report will beas inclusive as those of the 1953or 1958 programs, or whether no change at all will be recommend¬ed is not yet known.Perhaps the best statement ofthe character of the Universityof Chicago was made by Law¬rence Kimpton in a 1957 address.Said Kimpton:The character of UC"This is not the picture of anordinary university. Its origins,its past, its present, and its des¬tiny have always escaped the tra¬ditional norms for .institutionalbehavior. Since the times of Har¬per our demands, determined byboundless enthusiasm and ambi¬tion, have always exceeded oursupply, and this is as it should be."By standing at the forefrontof new science and scholarship and teaching, we have had to in¬vent novel organizational formsproperly to express ourselves,and understandably we are notalways clear about these rela¬tions. When the times are out ofjoint for an area of knowledge,we do not accept it with compla¬cency; we continue to build; ig¬noring the times, for the worldof the mind is eternal.“The stature of this extraor¬dinary university judged by anystandards is great, and the lengthof the shadow of its trials andtroubles is correspondingly great.Our taking stock fills us with asense of pride in our Universityand with a renewed dedication toresolve the problems created byour eminence.**The construction of Harper libraryChancellor greets entrantsTo the entering class:You and I are starting out together in theUniversity of Chicago. I came here knowingthat my years at Chicago would be the mostchallenging and demanding of my life; I amsure that is what you expect for yourselves.It was colfege, and especially the enthusiasm ofone teacher, which developed my interest in aspecial field. My great wish is that the Collegewill arouse a particular excitement in you. TheCollege is a unique institution; it commands theresources of the University, yet it is free to makeits own decisions as to what undergraduate educa¬tion should be. Because it offers you solid training in the important fields of knowledge and sorrnmeasure of specialized study, the Collage offersa sound basis for making an intelligent choictof your life’s work. It is a first-rate college, butalready I have learned enough of Chicago’s history to know that it will be different—and better—before you leave. May the next four years b€happy and profitable for all of us.Nether ton extendsOnce again an Autumnquarter sees the arrival ofsome two thousand new stu¬dents on the Quadrangles.Well over half of your num¬ber have completed under¬graduate careers elsewhere, andcome to the University for ad¬vanced study. New graduate stu¬dents will find challenge in theacademic work of the Divisionsand Schools; and for leisure time—of which it is to be hoped thatyou will arrange some reasonableamount—an environment rich inopportunities for intellectual andesthetic pleasure.There is also the undergradua-ate. Comparable academic chal¬lenge and the identical environ¬mental richness are fully avail¬able for him. The Chicago tradi¬tion by which we speak of him atthe beginning as a first-year stu¬dent, later as a second-year stu¬dent, and so on, successively, isnot to my knowledge ever intend¬ed to obscure the fact that the un¬dergraduate is indeed not a grad¬uate, that through the fault oftime and none of his own he hasnut yet had the total educational experience, curricular and other,implied by the BA or ihe BS; andthat he has come to Chicago pre¬cisely to acquire that total experi¬ence. By the time this is read, en¬tering undergraduates will haveheard Dean Simpson’s address onthe curricular experience whichawaits them, and talks by mem¬bers of my staff on various as¬pects of the extracurriculum.Beyond this, the elected headsof seventeen major student or¬ganizations — Student Govern¬ment (in which undergraduateshave proportional minority repre¬sentation!, the publications andRadio Midway, IFC and Inter-club, Burton-Judson and Inter-dorm Councils, Blackfriars,FOTA, UT and the honoraries andservice groups — are held thisweek a three-day conferece inwhich they will have considered,among many other matters, therole of the entering student intheir several organizations. I sug¬gest that you give careful con¬sideration to this same subjectfrom the point of view of yourown interests and expectations.It is perhaps not sufficiently welcomeknown that about ten per centof our total student populationconsists of foreign students. Atthe same time, dozens of our ownfaculty and students are spendingthe current academic year inother countries. The Universityis an important center of inter¬national education. I should liketo extend particular welcome toour students from abroad, andhope that I will be actively sec¬onded in this, now and throughoutthe year, by all members of theUniversity community. In myview, it is not only a matter ofhospitality—which is of courseimportant — but also of educa¬tional opportunity for all con¬cerned.The student services which theUniversity provides for all stu¬dents through my office are fullydescribed in the Student Hand¬book; I invite you to make fulluse of them.A warm welcome to all new stu¬dents, and best wishes for suc¬cess and enjoyment in the yearahead.John P. Nethertondean of students Simpson Gives AdviceLet me bid you a hearty welcome. Like all your predeces¬sors at Chicago, you have discovered how hard it is to getinto a good college. The admitted student here has nothingmore than a foot in the door; all pass through, but it takesthem two weeks to swing it open.While your contemporariesago, you have been tested fromevery angle, taken for a ride,warmed up and cooled off, andare now in the right condition foran education. Not all of the treat¬ment was according to plan. Wecould have poured less cold wa¬ter on your hopes than we did atWilliams Bay; we could havemade it clearer there that whenwe talked about the rigor of ourways we did not mean rigor mor¬tis. But your behavior under theseordeals only fortified our confi¬dence in you.Now that you are really in theCollege, let me simply say thatto get the best out of it you haveto use your eyes, your ears, yourimagination, and your feet. TheSept. 29, 1961 • CHIC elsewhere started classes longeducation which rubs off in apoker game is much the sameanywhere and a lot cheaper inmost places than it is here. Theeducation to be earned in ourclasses is worth a much high^r^tuition, but there is also a lot tobe enjoyed outside. Take a lookat your house bulletin board. Be¬neath the appeals for the restora¬tion of nylons to their rightfulowners and the masculine coun¬terparts to these notices, thereare all sorts of invitations tolearning. This is an interestingplace, and we would like to seeyou make the most of it.Alan SimpsanDean of the CollegeAGO MAROON • 21Government active in politics, servicesby Ron DorfmanThe mushrooming growthof student political activityduring the last few years, andthe appearance of the firstfaint signs of the developmentof a national student move¬ment have made more importantthan ever the role of student gov¬ernment on American universitycampuses.At the same time, moves towardgreater cooperation between stu¬dents, faculty, and administrationin regard to academic and admini¬strative policy have been spread¬ing from public to private institu¬tions. Student participation insuch cooperation is usually hand¬led by the student government.Student government at UC, or¬ganized in 1947, has attemptedsince its inception to both repre¬sent UC students politically, andto act as liaison between studentsand the University faculty and ad¬ministration. Over the years ithas had some sporadic success inthese endeavors, but current deve¬lopments within and outside theUniversity make improvementlikely.Congress gets attentionOn the political front, wide¬spread attention in the nationalpress and from outstanding politi¬cal figures the 14th annual Na¬tional student congress [see Con¬gress report on page 81 held thissummer in Madison have madestudent political activity “respect-' able.” The 14th Congress had itsroots deep in the Southern studentcivil rights movement, in the Cali¬fornia students’ battle against theHouse U n - American activitiescommittee [HUAC], and in thepast year’s tremendous organiza¬tional activity of young conserva¬tive groups attempting to defendHUAC and promote the philosophyof Barry Goldwater.The Congress was reported dailyin the New York Times, the Chi¬cago Tribune, and the MadisonCapitol Times and State Journal.It was also covered in the LondonTimes, Time magazine, the NewRepublic, and many other periodi¬cals. All of them were impressedwith the seriousness, sobriety, andresponsibility of the delegates.The 14th Congress marked anacceptance by American studentsof the fact that they are citizensof this nation and the w'orld, aswell as residents of their parochialivory towers. This is an attitudewhich UC delegations have longbeen urging upon the National stu¬dent congress.Part lies always activeAlmost since its inception, UCStudent government has been par¬ty government, modelled on theBritish system, whereby the elec¬torate chooses members of the As¬sembly, which then elects its ownofficers.During the past year, a completerealignment of campus politicalparties took place. Two partieswhich had controlled SG for thelast 10 years folded and a newparty, POLIT, composed of mem-^bers of both the old parties, tookcontrol of government. The minor¬ity parties are PRO [Practical Re¬form Organization] and IRP [In¬dependent Reform Party].POLIT leans to the Left, advo¬cates abolition of HUAC, banningof nuclear bomb testing, elimina¬tion of loyalty oaths and disclaim¬er affidavits filed by students tak¬ing NDEA loans, aid to SouthAfrican students, resumption ofdiplomatic relations with Cuba,etc. PRO, after taking the temperof the campus, decided that itwould support moderately liberalproposals within the structure ofthe National student association.IRP stands for "humor in. gov¬ernment;” it made no specificstatements with respect to thestands that it would take at the14th Congress, although it notedwith approval NSA’s aid to thesit-ins and to the "disenfranchisedcitizens of Fayette and Haywoodcounties, Tennessee.”SG itself, independently of NSA,initiates and supports local politi¬cal activity. In recent years therehousing and employment, sympa¬thy pickets of Wool worth’s andhave been SG campaigns againstdiscrimination in neighborhoodchain theaters whose Southern af¬filiates discriminate against Ne¬groes, a fund drive for South Af¬rican students, and other similarefforts.On-campus projects and issueshave been receiving an increasingamount of time and energy fromSG. The number of charter flights to Europe run by the governmentwas increased to three this pastyear.SC offers servicesThe Student Service center,which lends up to $15 to studentsfor two weeks, operates a usedbook emporium, a ticket agency,laundry, and other services, is agovernment department, vLast year, SG set up a discountbook ordering center. Interferencefrom the University bookstore, isthe form of threatening letters topublishers which had agreed todeal with the ordering service, ef¬fectively scotched this develop¬ment.However, Jim Thomason, out¬going President of SG, has madearrangements with the North Am¬erican Student Cooperative leaguefor the incorporation under Wis¬consin law of a national studentbook cooperative.As did almost all campus organ¬ization last year, SG conducted acampaign against the new’ Univer¬sity residents requirement. Whenall efforts failed to have the rule eliminated or modified, SG, in con¬junction with the Maroon and thecampus political parties, staged ademonstration on the steps of theAdministration building attendedby over 500 students.At the close of the demonstra¬tion, the Chancellor, returningfrom lunch, was presented with amass petition urging revocation ofthe rule. The rule remains inforce.Committees do workSG is organized in departmentsand standing committees. Depart¬ments handle executive-servicefunctions, such as public relations,cooperatives, secretariat, etc.The Committees of the govern¬ment are legislative. They debateand vote on legislation to be pre¬sented to the full Assembly or re¬ferred to them by the Assembly.Committees may also initiate re¬search projects and programming.The standing committees of gov¬ernment are NSA — Academicfreedom, Campus action, Com¬ munity relations, Recognized Stu¬dent organizations, Elections andrules, and Student-Faculty rela¬tions.SG is charger’ with the responsi¬bility of recognizing and regulat¬ing student organizations. It doesa great deal of recognizing andvery little regulating.Disputes between student organ¬izations and between students andthe Administration of the Univer¬sity are handled through the Stu¬dent-faculty-administration court,composed of six students, electedby the SG, two faculty members,and one representative of the ad¬ministration.Coming projects for the SGthis year are the development, incooperation with the faculty andadministration, of a program forthe education of American Indianstudents, the establishment of aPeace corps information center inthe government office, and thecompilation and publication of asource book of documents relatingto the South campus-Woodlawncontroversy.• Student activities on campus •the 55 year old Students for aDemocratic Society.Fair Play for Cuba Committeetries to present the Cuban, aswell as the American, side of theCastro regime.The Intercollegiate Society ofIndividualists is an organizationof college students "dedicated toan intelligent understanding of thetraditional American philosophyof individual liberty and limitedgovernment”.The National Association forthe Advancement of ColoredPeople is open to all studentsinterested in furthering the causesof civil rights.UC Students for Civil Liber¬ties strives to “educate the cam¬pus to problems of civil libertiesand academic freedom.The Student Peace Union is"a group of students who believethat war can no longer be success¬fully used to settle internationalOver one hundred studentorganizations coexist on theUniversity of Chicago cam¬pus. They discuss questionssuch as the price of cookiesfor a coffee hour . . . and theabolition of atomic bomb test¬ing. They hold dances and lec¬tures, sit-ins and concerts. Allof these organizations arc open tothe entire student body and willbe represented at Activities Nighttonight. Further informationabout the groups may be obtainedat that time.CommunicationsFour magazines, a yearbook,and a newspapers are publishedby University students. In addi¬tion, students operate a campusradio station and a ham station.Detailed information about theseis available in the publicationsfeatures on page 14.Dramatic groupsThere are two theatrical groups,Universtiy theatre and the Mas¬quers, and a musical comedygroup, Blackfriars, on campus.All three organizations are des¬cribed on page 14.Musical organizationsCollegium Musicuin performsmedieval, renaissance, and baro¬que music. Potential membersmust sing or play an instrumentThe Country Dancers learn andperform Folk and rustic dances.The Folklore society has thelargest membership of any activi¬ty on campus. It is open to any¬one with an interest in folkmusic. The Society holds frequenthootenannys, wingdings, and con¬certs, including the just insti¬tuted annual Folk Festival inFebruary.Glee club is open to studentswho like to sing.The Musical Society plays cham- 1ber music. disputes and that neither humanRecorder society is devoted to dignity nor the human race it-the recorder and other early in- subscribe to the Sharon state-truments. ment drawn up at the group’sThe Russian Chorus performs founding: limited government, aRussian Folk songs and selections free economy, private property,from longer works. and victory over Communism.Symphony Orchestra regularly The Young Peoples Socialistgives concerts for the University lea^lc ^P^sors discussion series...... , , on current historical problems tocommunity. Ability to perform on explore soeialism as an ideal anda musical instrument is required, as a problem.Student Government, the re¬presentative body of all studentsThe Democratic organization and on campus, is considered on thisthe Young Democrats are campus page. There are three campusadjuncts of the Democratic political parties; the IndependentParty. The Young Republications Reform party [IRP, POLIT, andgroup performs a similar func- the Practical Reform organizationtion for its party. [PRO]. Currently, POLIT holdsThe John Dewey society is com- 25 Government seats, PRO holdsposed of "a group of liberals de- 18, and IRP has 5. All studentsdicated to finding new principles self can endure in a world com-for our age”. It is afflialed with mitted to militarism.” Young Americans for Freedomare invited to visit any of theparty caucuses, which are heldon Sundays.Religious groupsThe many religious organiza¬tions on campus include theBaptist Graduate Student center,the Calvert club [Roman Catho¬lic], the Channing-Murray club[Unitarian], the Christian Medi¬cal society |for Christians in themedical and related professions],theChristian Science organization,the Council of Jewish Youth or¬ganizations, the Inter-ReligiousDiscussion group, the Inter-Var¬sity Christian fellowship [a non-denominational Christian Organi¬zation], the Luthern church[Koinonia], the Quaker Studentfellowship, the Students Zionistorganization, and the UnitedChristian fellowship. In addition,many houses of worship are lo¬cated in the Hyde Park neigh¬Political activities Blackfriars cavort in "Sour Mash/ their 1959 production.See story on page 14.borhood.Social clubsThe national fraternites —Alpha Delta Phi, Beta ThextaPi, Delta Uusilon, Kappa AlphaPsi, Phi Delta Theta, Phi GamaDelta, Phi Kappa Psi, Phi SiinmaDelta, Psi Uusilon, and ZetaBeta Tau— are active on campus.There are also four women’sclubs: Delta Sigma, Esoteric,Mortarboard, and Quadranglers.They will hold teas and smokersunder the auspices of the Inter-fraternity and Interclub councils.All women over 17 and all menwho have finished at least oneyear .of .college .are .invited .tothese functions this fall. Addition¬al smokers will be held for firstyear men in the winter quarter.Service and HonoraryAlpha Plii Omega is an organ! zation of former or present BoyScouts and functions as a servicegroup on campus.Iron Mask, Owl and Serpent,and Nu Pi Sigma are honorariesfor third year men, fourth yearmen, and third and year womenrespectively.Maroon key is an honorarysociety for men and women.The Orientation board presentslectures and discussions on theAims of Education, while theStudent Housing assistants intro¬duce new students to the campus.University Scholars is a groupof fifteen entering studentschosen each year for specialhonors at entrance. Continuancein the society is based upon main-tainance of a B average.Professional andNational OrganizationsThere are many groups formedby students of a common nation¬ality or common educational pur¬suit. They include the Arab Stu¬dents, Archaeology society, As¬tronomical society, Chinese Stu¬dents, Divinity School association,English club, Far Eastern associ¬ation, New French club, Grad¬uate Germanics club, GraduateLibrary School club, History club,Korean Students association, LawWives, Lithuanian club, Musurykclub Pharmacology club, Politi¬cal Science association, Pre-Medi¬cal club, Psychology club, Scan-danavian club, Sikh Study circle,Social Service administration.Student American Medical asso¬ciation [Women’s Auxiliaryl, andWoodlavvn residence.Special interestOrganizations exist at UC forthose who play bridge | Bridgeclub], usher in Rockefeller chapel[Chapel Ushers association], playchess [Ches3 club|, or are studentwives [Dames club.].Students annually produce aweek long festival of lectures,concerts, art exhibits, and discus¬sions in the spring. This is theFestival of the Arts.Intercollegiate debate [Studentassociation! or target practice[Rifle club | are available. Stu¬dents may do reserch in ESP[Parapsychology club or in theimaginative investigation of theuniverse [Science club]. They mayhelp to produce and/or presentunique films [Documentary filmsand University cinema] Support amagazine [Friends of New Univer¬sity thought] join a team [Wo¬men’s Athletic association). Wo¬men can swim [Maroon Dolphins!read poety [Meter Readers! orhonor a secret hero [Gamma BetaGamma |. And students wishingto officially pursue another ob¬jective may gather ten membersand a faculty sponsor and form■a new student organization.22 • CHICAGO MAROON • Sept. 29, 1961Beadle explains histells of their role theories of education,in University policySeven months ago George WellsBeadle was chosen to inherit the tre¬mendous burdens of running the Uni¬versity of Chicago.The 57-year-old Nobel prize win¬ning geneticist from the CaliforniaInstitute of Technology was picked to suc¬ceed Lawrence Kimpton as UC’s chancel¬lor. When lie was inaugurated, Beadle ex¬pressed some doubt as to the job lyingahead of him.Considers job obstacles"I feel a deep sense of humility, con¬siderable doubt, and even some fear. Yourexpectations are many. I wonder, can Imeet them,” he said.Today, after more than a half a yearon the fifth floor of the Administrationbuilding, Beadle is more certain abouthis job. Says he, “The principal respon¬sibility I would want to be concernedabout in the University is the compositionand excellence of the faculty. This is theprincipal responsibility, the rest revolvearound that. I am also, of course, helpingin every way possible on the financial side.The chancellor’s job is to keep the Uni¬versity strong both intellectually and fi¬nancially.” -The then chairman of the division ofbiology at Caltech was named as seventhhead of the University after a search ofsome nine months. Some 375 persons hadbeen considered by the Board of Trusteesbefore Beadle was chosen.In announcing the Board’s selection,chairman Glen Lloyd stated, ‘‘Mr. Beadlewas chosen in the enthusiastic convictionthat he is a man who will continue andstrengthen the excellence of the Univer¬sity. He has achieved a distinguished posi¬tion in the world of science and intellec¬tual life and commands international repu¬tation and recognition. He has wide expe¬rience in the academic life of the country,at Harvard, Stanford, and California In¬stitute of Technology, and has substantial< xperience in educational problems andadministration.”Beadle shared the 1958 Nobel prize forshowing how genes control the basicchemistry of the living cell. Scientists be¬lieve that these fundamental observationsmay provide the groundwork towards thesolution of many of our gravest biologicaland social problems, including cancer,mental disease, and even the world popu¬lation problem.Despite his life’s devotion to science,Hie new chancellor would not neglectother disciplines in his ideal undergrad¬uate curriculum. In his inaugural addresshe said, ‘‘Speaking in very general terms,one can say that it the purpose of auniversity to preserve, evaluate, under¬stand, and transmit to future generationsthe best of man’s total accumulated cul¬ture its history, religion, art, music, liter¬ature, science, and technology. Additionsare, of course, constantly being made toall of these, both through rediscovery andthrough new discovery.”Wahoo is birthplaceGeorge Wells Beadle’s rather unlikelybirthplace was a farm near Wahoo, Neb¬raska. His father was a farmer and Beadletoo would be a farmer were it not for ahigh school science teacher, Bess McDon¬ald. She convinced him to go to college,so in 1922 he entered the University ofNebraska’s college of agriculture.Upon graduation, Beadle received agraduate assistantship at Cornell univer¬sity. There, still intending to become anagricultural expert, he studied with Rol-bns Adams Emerson, founder of the “cornschool” of genetics. The work so fascin¬ated him that he decided to abandon agri¬culture, taking MA and PhD degrees atCornell.The future Nobel prize winner’s firstteaching position was at Caltech. He lateraccepted positions at Harvard and Stan¬ton! universities before returning to head< altech’s division of biology in 1946. In1958-59 Beadle served as visiting professorat Oxford, university.Although Beadle has been involved inuniversity administration for the past 15years, he takes a rather dim view of theadministrator’s job. Stated he on the dayhis inauguration, “I suppose when aman js being inaugurated as Chancellor,he is expected to say something about aca¬demic administration. So I summarize assuccinctly as possible my attitude towardh- No one is enthusiastic about it, but itseems to be necessary. Its primary reason for being should be to facilitate scholar¬ship and teaching. It ought to be as simpleas is consistent with this purpose. Thatis the way it will be at the University ofChicago.”This does not, however, mean that Bea¬dle isn’t going to play an active role inthe running of UC. Of his role in curri¬culum determination he says, “The cur¬riculum is the responsibility of both thefaculty and the administration. The chan¬cellor plays a very important role in de¬termining that the actions of the facultyare properly carried out. This should bean active role, not merely a passive one.”The Chancellor finds his educationalphilosophy somewhere between that ofRobert Hutchins, developer of UC’s re¬quired ‘core’ of general education coursesand Harvard’s Charles Elliot, originatorof the elective system.Quality is important“I don’t think you can categorically sayone of these is good and one is bad,” hesays. “More depends on the quality of theteaching and the quality of the students.You can do a good job in either systemand a bad job in either system.”In the old battle between undergraduategeneralization and specialization, Beadleagain finds himself on a middle ground.“A combination is needed here. You wantas a part of the educational process tohave an understanding of knowledge asit exists today. But, since we have to doa specific thing, we have to specialize aswell. At some point in our lives most ofus are faced with'the problem of whatspecifically we are going to do.”Toward this end, Beadle favors a program of general education, although nolas inflexible a plan as that which Hut¬chins devised. “We can be too rigid in thespecification of courses,” he remarked.“We are dealing with people with a widerange of interests and talents.“A man may be a genius in mathema¬tics, but poor in language. Are we to denyhim an opportunity to acquire a generaleducation because he can’t successfullycomplete a course in a field as seeminglyunrelated to math as language is? Wemust take into account the divergence ofaptitudes. We don’t want a system sospecified that you will discourage the po¬tential scholar because he can’t masterone particular discipline.”Beadle holds awardsBeadle has won many awards for excel¬lence in both teaching and researchthroughout his academic career. Theseinclude, in addition to the Nobel prize, theAlbert Einstein commemorative award(1958), the Emil Christian Hansen prizeof Denmark (1953), and the Lasker awardof the American Public Health association(1950).He has also held the chairmanships ofseveral learned societies, including theAmerican Association for the Advance¬ment of Science (1955-6), the AmericanCancer Society Scientific Advisory council(19591, and the Genetics Society of Amer¬ica (1946).Because of his great interest in teach¬ing and research, and because of distin¬guished career’s in both, Beadle is mostcompetent to discuss the characteristicsof the good teacher.Says he, “The criteria vary with thearea. They are different in the College,for example, from those in the Orientalirstitute, where the emphasis is muchmore on research than it is in the college.However, the two are not mutually exclu¬sive in any sense.“It is easier to judge scholarly activityin some areas than in others,” the Chan¬cellor continued. “It is easier in the moreexact areas of knowledge, mathematicspopular teacher is not necessarily the bestteacher in the long run, but we must takeinto account all possible evaluations. Wealso listen to the opinion of the teacher’speers, as well as that of his dean.In the discussion of the benefits ofteaching versus those of research, Beadlesees less of a dichotomy than do someobservers. “Teaching and research areclosely interrelated,” he stated. “Goodteaching, in turn, stimulates research. Oneoften finds that in pure research labs peo¬ple tend to grow stale. Their enthusiasmruns down. Students can contribute a great deal to the scholarly activity of thosewho do research.Balance is needed“A proper balance of teaching and re¬search is ideal for the individual,” Beadlebelieves, “and the same balance is goodfor the University as a whole.”Beadle agrees with many other educa¬tors in seeing a danger in over-specializa¬tion resulting from the departmental sys¬tem. “There is a real danger of too narrowcompartmentalization. The divisional set¬up at the University of Chicago is a deviceto help overcome this.“There is of late more tendency for de¬partments to consolidate,” he continued.“As science, for example, advances, inter¬relations develop. As an area matures itbecomes easier to see it as a part of alarger field. For example, psychologistsand philosophers now want to know thegenetic basis of intelligence. They wantto know what creativity means in scien¬tific terms. As more and more inter-rela¬tions become apparent, you want to em¬phasize the broader view.”Beadle feels that the federalization plansBeadle faces 600 students onMay 19, 1961. Students had or¬ganized an anti-residence require¬ment rally to present the Chancellorwith petitions. After accepting thepetitions (signed by more than1000 undergraduates), Beadle toldthe assembled students that hewould consider their viewpoint. Twoweeks later, however, he upheld thedecision to enforce four year resi¬dence for women and two years formen.■ - t—— —•in force at Oxford and Cambridge univer¬sities solve the problem of over-specializa¬tion only partially. “The college systemsdo create groups the members of whichhave diverse interests and talents,” hesaid. “This is a stimulating kind of thing.It provides for breadth of education.”“However,” he continued, “these plansalso have a distinct disadvantage, for theretends to be little concern for continuinggeneral education. It is assumed that thiswill have been taken care of in the highschool. At the university one tends to spe¬cialize. You can easily become a very nar¬row specialist at the university.”“In some respects there is a tendencyat American universities to move towardthe Oxford and Cambridge systems,”Here, too, house groups are encouragedto acquire identities as groups. Tnisshould be encouraged. But we see thatan important difference exists betweenthis and the Oxford-Cambridge system.Here the groups have no effect on thecurriculum. They are mainly livinggroups, in which plans of^study are de¬veloped.”College has advantagesThe college in a large university shouldcombine the best of both college and uni-Sept. 29, 1961 versity, the Chancellor believes. “At theUniversity of Chicago the College sits inthe University environment. It has somepeople who work primarily in the divi¬sions and departments and some whowork mainly in the College. The Collegeshould make use of as many people aspossible from the departments. Thereshould be an emphasis on the highestpossible quality of teaching, as there isin a best small liberal arts college. Atthe same time the student should havethe opportunity to use the facilities ofthe University in going as far as he wantsto in a particular field.”Beadle sees the student as playing animportant role in the life of the Univer¬sity. “The student is an essential part ofthe University in the same sense thatothers are. The student, the faculty mem¬ber, and the administrator, are all in thesame business and should have commonobjectives.“The University should be a communityof scholars and persons at different stagesof development, but all with scholarly in¬terest. Ideally-the interests of all are com¬mon.“This should determine the attitude ofthe University toward the student,” Eeadlecontinued. “Each of the three 'parts’ ofthe University should realize the impor¬tance of the roles the others play. Stu¬dents tend to talk about ‘they’ meaningthe rest of the university. The faculty islikely to do the same. This is a natural,but most regrettable tendency. The ad¬ministration, for example, is here to makethe rest of the system work, but it isnot a distinct, separate part of the Uni¬versity, nor should it be considered assuch.”This attitude effects Beadle’s views onUniversity’s “paternalism,” toward its stu- **dents. He favors the philosophy developedat Caltech, where “the plan was to bringstudents in and pretty much turn themloose.” He feels that the problem of howmuch ‘freedom’ to give students is a dif¬ficult one. He favors giving “the maximumamount of freedom, with student respon¬sibility” that is practical.When asked, shortly after his arrivalat the University, whether he would sup¬port a recommendation for appointmentof a communist to UC’s faculty. Beadlereplied that he did not think a categoricalanswer tp such a question should be givenwithout careful consideration of relevantcircumstances.Exchange promotes peace“To take a hypothetical example,” hesaid, “it might be in the interests of worldpeace for us to foster exchange of scholarswith iron curtain countries. Under suchcircumstances I should not want to prej¬udice the issue by saying no in advance.Such exchanges have in fact been encour¬aged and facilitated by our governmentfor several years.”Beadle has strong views on the neces¬sity for an open mind in the search fortruth. In his inaugural address he said,“The really basic objection (to the dis¬claimer affidavit of the National E’efenseEducation act) is that a disclaimer ofbelief of any kind closes the mind. It isa way of saying, ‘I will not think aboutthis subject.’“If we are to object to totalitarian na¬tions suppressing freedom of thought andfreedom of inquiry we ourselves must „not be guilty of doing the same. One can¬not be free to think unless at the sametime one is prepared to accept the riskof believing.“To me it is quite wrong for an aca¬demic institution, dedicated to the unin¬hibited search for the truth, to help stu¬dents finance an education on conditionthat they promise to close their mindsabout any subject. I submit that this isthe case whatever words may follow theinitial ‘I do not believe in . . .”Beadle urges faithBeadle’s personal philosophy is perhapsbest summed up in the last words of hisspeech as retiring president of th® Ameri¬can Association for the Advancement ofScience. At that time he said:“Faith, belief, and the urge to go onand on have themselves come out of man’spast as a part of the evolutionary patternthat has fashioned him into the uniquebeing he is. In his uniqueness he is capableof attaining heights far greater than themost magnificent cultural achievementsof the past.”CHICAGO MAROON • 23for example, than in the arts. One cri¬terion of judging the good teacher is theopinion of his students. Of course the most Beadle stated. “For example we see thehouse system well developed at Harvard.Simpson balances program“Any college which infectsits students with a zest forlearning and teaches them thebasic skills is a good college.The essence of a liberal edu¬cation is to be able to read,write, speak, listen, observe, andmeasure, with some sense ofstandards; and to be eager toapply these talents to the plea¬sures and duties of life."Alan Simpson’s job, as dean ofthe College of the University ofChicago, is to formulate a pro¬gram which will live up to hisdefinition of the ‘‘good college.”Simpson succeeded RobertStreeter, now a UC professor ofEnglish, as dean of the Collegeat the same time that the Col¬lege program was reorganized, in 1959. The change reduced the re¬quirement of general educationfrom fourteen comprehensive ex¬aminations to 29 quarters of work.Speaking of the change in Col¬lege curriculum, Simpson oncesaid, "We have balanced the claimsof specialized training againstthose of general education. Wehave weighed the claims of individ¬ual choice against an earlier faithin uniformity. We have tried to getthe research scholar to think ashard about problems of the youngstudent as about those of hispeers, and we arc offering everyfacility to the teacher to fertilizehis teaching by access to re¬search. We have corrected someof the biases which made our col¬lege a delight to certain types ofmind and delirium to others.” Simpson's academic backgroundis in history. He currently holdsthe Thomas E. Donnelley chairin the history department. ASpecialist in the history of Puri¬tan England, the dean's latestbook is Puritanism in Old and NewEngland.One of the originator’s of thehistory of Western Civilizationcourse, Simpson also wrote manyof the introductions in the bookThe People Shall Judge, text forthe Social science 1 course.The Oxford-educated dean be¬lieves that a program of under¬graduate education should beperiodically reviewed. Says he,“Most curricula, in our age, re¬quire frequent doses of x’ationa-lism. The right questions to askare these: Does the curriculumNet her ton aids educationboth in and out of classes“It. has been said that ‘it is the function ofthe student personnel program to produce thestudent in the classroom in optimum condi¬tion for learning/ I would endorse this asbeing true as far as it goes, but I find itsomewhat incomplete. . . . What is missingfrom the definition is that to my mind the pro¬gram is not only concerned with establishing con¬ditions for learning, but itself provides directlearning experiences in some of its parts.”With these words, John P. Netherton describeshis job as dean of students of the University ofChicago.Dean defines paternalismNetherton, who also holds an appointment asassociate professor of Spanish in the College, isvery concerned with the concept of ‘‘Paternalism,’'a charge levied against institutions by studentswho feel their rights have been abridged. Saysthe dean:‘ American Institutions of higher education pro¬vide their students with elaborate, formalizedguidance of vocational, academic, personal andpsychological varieties. It provides, by one formor another of subsidy facilities for a great varietyof ‘student activities.’ Does all this constitutepaternalism? Unquestionably it does — in a de¬scriptive sense, in the sense that it all arises outof an attitude in which the college takes itselfas '•landing in loco parentis to its students in aform and degree that call for the provision of thesefacilities and services.“But the term is also used in an evaluativesense, implying an excessive or inappropriatesolicitude for student welfare. To use the termin this sense begs an important question. It is inthe first place a matter of historical perspectiveand national custom. It is too, too easy to adoptsome unstated view’ of the continental Europeanuniversity as a starting point for a line of moreor less unreal questions about the rationale ofthe American system.“Under the very sign of what I said earlier con¬cerning the educational content of the student per¬sonnel program, I would indeed say that there isno effective difference in principle between theinstitution’s right — and indeed responsibility —to concern itself with the shape of its students’degree programs, and with the social and otherconditions in which they live while members ofthe student community.”Netherton, awarded a Phi Beta Kappa key whilea UC undergraduate, took his BA, MA, and PhDdegrees here. He has been a faculty member since1941, winning the Quantrell prize for excellence inundergraduate teaching in 1955. He has served asassistant dean of the College, as dean of studentsJohn P. Nethertonclean of students24 * CHICAGO MAROON • in the College (the position is now' called dean ofundergraduate students), and as associate dean ofstudents.The dean subscribes to the general philosophyof education of UC chancellor George W. Beadle.He says, “Within certain broad limits the singlemost important thing about' a university is thefaculty and student body. However comprehensiveit looks, and may be, on paper, any educationalsystem has its effectiveness arising out of under¬standing, participation, and support of the stu¬dents and faculty.“Meanwhile, speaking from the particular pointof view of the student personnel dean, I can addthat my account of the ‘good’ university wouldprobably carry some special emphasis on the ideaof the sense of common purpose in all elementsof the university community, ami the importanceof good, full, collaborative communication amongthem.”Staff must coordinate communityGreat concern over the concept of “three” partsof the University students, faculty, and adminis¬tration, is expressed by Netherton as well as bythe chancellor. He views as an important part ofhis job the establishment of communication. Hecommented:“The student personnel staff has a responsibilityto see beyond and work to reduce any feelings ofdivision of interest, of adversary positions, amongthe three elements of the community — faculty,students, and administration. I would also pointout that the idea of ‘three’ in this context shouldnot be over-emph&sized at the expense of a con¬ception of the single, common institutional pur¬pose.“The tripartite division is, in a way, merely tech¬nical, useful for the purpose of analysis. But deansare teachers, professors are students, students andstaff are all elements of the institutional bodypolitic. There is even some question whether threeis the correct number: what of trustees, alumni,parents?”The dean sees great value in the fraternity sys¬tem of a university. He noted in a pamphletrecently published by the Inter-fraternity council,“The value of fraternity is necessarily potential,not guaranteed, for any student, any chapter, orany college. Where it is fully achieved, group ideal¬ism enters into effective balance with values indi¬vidually held, chapter activities afford the memberboth pleasure and constructive social experienceand, in addition, partly through satisfying theseneeds, sharpen his attention to the intellectualtask; and one part of the total result is growth inmoral character.”Activities have valueStudent activities can have great educationalvalue for their participants. He says, “It seemsclear to me that activities involve not only puttingstudents into a good frame of mind for effectiveclassroom work by some kind of occupationallytherapeutic tonic effect derived from this particu¬lar form of fun and games, but the student is ina position to learn things from the activity whichwill themselves become proper parts of his wholecollege education.”Netherton is a believer in the core programof required courses, established at UC by RobertHutchins. “The faculty knows more than anyoneelse what their students should be taught,” hesaid. “That is not to say, of course, that a reason¬able amount of elective freedom should not beallowed.”One of the great traditions of UC is that, al¬though students should not be allowed to decidewhat they should study (hence the core require¬ments), they must be allowed how to study (non-compulsory class attendance). “The faculty seesno necessity for a class attendance requirement,”the dean says. “Good students want to go to classfor the same reason that the faculty wants themthere.”Sept. 29, 1961 - meet the requirements of breadthand depth? Are the courses de¬signed to stimulate thought orsimply to purvey textbook know¬ledge? Are yesterday’s pigeon¬holes good enough for today? Arethe University’s resources beingeconomically used? Does the cur-riulum guarantee a satisfactoryprogression as the student movesfrom the first year to the last?One of the answers to thesequestions, when applied to thefourteen comp college was, ac¬cording to Simpson, that a yearof electives was needed. The deanstated that “Some provision forfree choice was needed within thefour-year frajnework. To carryprescription to that point, wasjust too dogmatic. After two years a residential life per *e. The wellknown European and Americanprecedents are more persuasivehere than the examples of somecity colleges.“[21 In the condition of ourneighborhood. Though these areimproving dramatically, there areobvious reasons for providing wo¬men with the added safety ofresidential life if the Universitycan afford it. The rebuilding inthe area drastically reduced thenumber of available apartments.“[31 In the expectation of bet¬ter academic performance. Sta¬tistics have shown that the in¬stance of drop-out is lower amongthe residential than among thenon-residential population.”Simpson is a firm believer inAlan Simpson, dean of the college, is trying to balancegeneral education and specialization by decreasing generaleducation and adding electives.we hope that a student can makea wise choice of electives. Ofcourse we run the risk of thestudent's wasting a year, butthere are students who can wasteall four years.”Bqt Simpson does see somedanger in a complete elective sys¬tem. “The elective system, in itsadvent,” he explains, “ was aliberating experience. But whenthe curriculum became a cafeteria,steps had to be taken to ensurethat the customer got a goodmeal.”One of the standing debates inthe history of UC is the validityof the American system of edu¬cation, under which eight yearsof elementary school are followedby four years of high school andfour years of college. Educatorsfrom William Rainey Harper toRobert Hutchins have expresseddissatisfaction with this program,feeling that the student shouldbe ready for college by the timehe is 16.Simpson favors frameworkSimpson, however, feels that“We should continue to workwithin the framework of the 8-4-4 plan. The effort to reorganizethis ladder was very well intend¬ed, but it did not succeed. Thegreat success of the experimentwas in dramatizing the waste inhigh school. This can best be cor¬rected, howevr, by improving thehigh school curriculum.” )The dean places great value inactivities outside the classroom.“A good college accomplishes agreat deal outside the classroomif the student life is thoroughlypremeated by its values. But tomake a virtue out of staying a-way from classes is usually afoolish arrogance.”It was perhaps this philosophywhich led Simpson to revive thelong-dormant idea of a residen¬tial college. Hutchins had this inmind when Burton-Judson dormi¬tories was built, but the plan wasallowed to fade. Now Simpson ex¬plains the new residence require¬ment as follows: “The justifica¬tion of new residential policy forundergraduates is three fold.“It lies [1] in the values of non-compulsary class attendance,a feature of UC policy since 1931.He feels that the university canassure that the student will makethe most of his educational op¬portunities “only by making edu¬cation as attractive as possible,on its own terms, without stoop¬ing to harlotry or huckstering.It can advise, encourage, andwarn. The rest is up to thestudent.”“The capacity of a country forwhat we call civilization is selby the level of its general andliberal education,” Simpson onceremarked. He defines these con¬cepts as follows:“Genei'al education is concern¬ed with the common needs ofeducated men and women. Ittries to discharge very broad re¬sponsibilities with as much rigoras the beginning student can bear.For the sake of rough definition,we may say that it stops wherespecialization begins, but no goodteacher is confined within theseneat categories.“Liberal education embracesboth the general education cours¬es, the elective courses, and thedegree of specialization which isinvolved in an undergraduatemajor provided that major isliberally taught.Education was too general“Chicago once carried its faithin general education to the pointwhere, it had a completely re¬quired curriculum for undergrad¬uates with no electives and nospecialization. In recent years wehave restored both the electivesand the major, but our notionof liberal education still involvesa bigger component of requiredgeneral courses than will befound in most other schools.“Dogmatism in these mattersis unwise. Other schools may haveother means of ensuring a goodgeneral education. But our ownarrangements leave a whole lotless to chance. The range andquality of our general education—a legacy from a generation of in¬tensive pioneering is one of thebest things about a Chicago edu¬cation.”Hyde Park revisitedWould you like to see Samoa?Or Dnepropetrovsk?OR THE GREAT MINOAN RUINS AT KNOSSOS?Marco Polo can book your travel anywherein the world (including the U.S.) —and we have ways of saving you money.Marco Polo can make your hotel reservations,put you into a guided touror set up your individual tour,buy you a car in Europe or rent you a carhere or anywhere—all faster, easier,and cheaper than by any other meansknown to Itinerant Man.Drop in or phone us next time there’sanything you need that we can furnish—even if it’s only information.MattTravel Service in theHyde Pork Shoppinf CenterBUtterfield 1-5944 ADLER SC's AVAILABLE IN WHITE AND COLORS ATThese ruins are tumbling down' —a guideby Carol HorningNow that the horror storiesabout our lawless streets havehad time to settle, let us con¬sider the fun and games tobe had in Hyde Park. There’s noplace like home, even when it isno man’s-land.Today’s lesson is organized,somewhat, on a geographical divi¬sion of our community. DivisionA Number-One to see, because ofits short life-expecteney and be¬cause it’s great, is the commercialcluster directly north of Campusalong 55th from RidgewoodCourt going west. Here are foundthose institutions of higher under¬standing, The Woodlawn Tap(Jimmy’s) near Woodlawn andThe University Tavern (The U.T.)near Ellis.Jimmy’s is distinguished for itsfine short orders, chess sets, ref¬erence library, its need for aeoustic plaster and the perma¬nence of its bartenders. The U.T.has a bowling machine and apoolish game; it has long b£bnknown as the home of our Uni¬versity’s really serious drinkers.Good hoys and girls do notwander into strange bars, so stick10 these!Re: Major Tragedy! Everysummer the old adults get theirkicks by thinking up somethingcute with which to plague theyoung adults. This year’s restric¬tion is almost as bad as last’s.The tired, grey heads in the Illi¬nois Legislature thought theliquor supply was running outso they’ve cut off chicks under 21(boys were already cut off under21). Unconstitutional (“cruel andunusual punishment") yes; butif your ID isn’t good enough tofool the fuzz don’t bug the bar-lenders. There’s always anotherelection.On 55th you can find li o in e((Hiking—the S.E. corner of Uni¬versity, no name on door—theproprietor Is Mr. Grossman andliis wife cooks. If Mr. Grossmanseems on edge its because he also•'(■Us pcnny'candy to kiddies. Justlieyond Woodlawn is Jane-Lee’sChinese Restaurant and one more block east is Nicky’s Italian Res¬taurant, which makes a sort ofokay pizza. In this neighborhoodyou can buy stockings, have san¬dals made for you, get picturesframed, get clothes mended (Uni¬versal Cleaners), buy photograph¬ic toys and grocery shop. On thecorner at Ingleside there is aplace to buy radio and phono¬graph parts at strange hours ofthe night. Also open at strangehours are the best second-handbookstores around — Reid Micli-ener’s near Greenwood and ananonymous plaee across the streetwhich is selling out at lovely lowprices. The proprietors of eitherstore can occasionally be foundeither visiting each other or atthe U.T.Commercial complex Nor 2 is57th Street, east of campus. Thefirst three eating places are Gor¬don’s, popular because it’s infuri¬ating, the Tropical Hut (The T.Hut) which features shrunkenheads and barbeque'd things, andSteinway’s, where coffee is again10c. Hyde Park Tradition callsfor Sunday Breakfast at Stein¬way’s . . . the hungover like tostick together . . . and a treck tothe Green Door Bookstore, nearHarper, where the New YorkTimes is available, along withpaperbooks; the Medici CoffeeShop is in the back-room of theGreen Door and the whole busi¬ness stays open late at night 50Hyde Parkers can finish the news.Other bookstores are Wood¬worth’s, which has a post-officein it, the basement shop next toThe T. Hut and something theother side of the IC tracks. 55thStreet has an elegant food store(Leigh’s), a delicatessen, and asmall (!) super market near Har¬per.The area the other side of theIC tracks on 55th keeps changing.The buildings sag more everyyear and are occupied by artistsand dealers in oddities. This areais for Saturday exploration onthe way to the Museum of Scienceand Industry and for shoppingif the Scandinavian store hassweaters.The third complex is the Hyde Park Shopping Center. If you’refrom the wide open suburbs thismay make you homesick. Forbargain hunters this area doesn’toffer much, except discount rec¬ords at Loew’s, cheap liquor atWalgreen’s and live lobsters atCarol Horning (standing)in a recent University Thea¬tre production. the Co-op. Give your house moth¬er one of these unusual and easy-to-care-for pets!The fourth complex is 53rdStreet. Here one can buy one’sChicago-style wardrobe at theUniversal Army Store. For nightowls here is the Hobby House—open around-the-clock servinggeographically-oriented hambur¬gers. This neighborhood is gracedwith an after-six supermarketThe Certified, three good delica¬tessens, and restaurants thatserve liquor with meals. Le-Meck’s has a ler.thy menu. En¬rico’s has pizza for gourmet anda buffet for gluttons, and on theother side of the IC tracks isLa Russo’s, which serves goodfood in a relatively elegant at¬mosphere, is a nice place for thetimes when your parents are pay¬ing or you want to wow a girlwithout spending too awful much.While you’re feeling modestlyaffluent try the bar at Morton’s(or the food when Daddy’s on anexpense account) at 56th and theLake — or Sunday breakfast atthe Windermere. Atmosphere canreally be a gas!Back to reality. The Hyde ParkTheatre is at 53rd and Lake Park.It usually has very okay flicks,out you have to watch out forsupposedly dirty Italian produc¬tions and supposedly funny Bri¬ tish comedies. When you can’tstand it any more, there's thePiccadilly Palace (The Pic) on51st Street which alternates be¬tween good Hollywood spectaclesand teen-ager-outer-space-typemovies. It would do better busi¬ness if it had a student discount,hint, hint, hint. Conventionalfilms can be found on the ICroute south—the Jeffrey, the Bev¬erly, the Avalon etc.Commercial Complex 5 is 63idStreet. As your housemother has,or should have told you, 63rdStreet is not a good place for theyoung (or anybody) to go exceptin numbers and even then. . . .But that doesn’t mean it doesn’tswing. 63rd Street is the busiestbusiness district around in allkinds of ways. It is also a placeto catch the “L" B-line. Here aresome fine Chinese restaurantsand just the other side of the ICtracks there is a Mexican restau¬rant. 63rd Street is also a joy tosee because it hasn't beenwrecked by redevelopment ye:.foreign car hospitaltee poge 9WON’TSHRINKEVEN IFYOU DOAdler SC’s are guar*anteed not to shrinkout of fit or your mon«ey back. Lamb's woof.In men’s and women’ssizes, in white and 12other colors. Just $1at fine stores.Seph 29, 1961 CHICAGO MAROON * 25r5<>M ifi ;'!lIi Orientation includes speeches, dancesWhen 573 entering studentsand 105 transfer students en¬ter their first classes Monday,they will have completed UC’sintensive Orientation pro¬gram. They have taken some23 hours of placement tests, spenta rainy day at College camp,taken tours of the city and cam¬pus, attended dinners, conferen¬ces, lectures, parties, coffee hours,and other social events.Two weekends ago, they wereformally welcomed by GeorgeBeadle, Chancellor: Alan Simp¬son, dean of the College; and•Chailes O’Connell director of ad¬missions.. They then began some 23 hoursof placement tests in English,humanities, mathematics, history,foreign languages, social sciences,biological sciences, and physicalsciences, as well as swimmingand motor ability tests.- Results of these tests show that this year’s entering class, in com-parason to last yea r’s, has aslightly higher percentage of stu¬dents placing out of courses.Those students who did place outof courses this year placed out ofa substantially greater numberof courses than did last year’scorresponding group.Following the tests, the stu¬dents left for three days of “re¬laxation and recreation” at Col¬lege camp in Williams Bay, Wis¬consin. After one night there,however, they returned to thedormitories because of undulyinclement weather.Only three formal sessions wereplanned for the sneezing, shiver¬ing students to attend. Two wereheld in Wisconsin; the third, inMandel hall.At camp, the students heardSimpson discuss “Education atChicago.” They also heard theCollege’s four section heads dis-c u s s “Academic Opportunitiesaims, and goals.” Those speaking were Benson Hinsburg, biology;Gwin Kolb, humanities; DonaldMeiklejohn, social sciences; andNorman Nachtrieb, physical sciences. Wednesday afternoon, Robert Streeter of the English department, spoke on “The importance of not being too earnest.’Evening activities includedsinging, square dancing, socialdancing, a bridge tournament,and a talent show featuring askit by Rene Tunarkin and Alan(Sleuth) Simpson.When it wasn’t raining, thestudents participated in a massivevolleyball game, trips to Yerkesobservatory, informal discussions,boating, and swimming.O-Board’s function this yearwas curtailed. It’s role was lim¬ited to going to camp, leadingtours, and planning last night’sAims of Education program, atwhich Joseph Schwab, WilliamRaney Harper professor of nat¬ural sciences and professor ofeducation, spoke.WATCH FOR L‘M's 1961-62 CAMPUS OPINION POLL!Check your opinions against these answers from last spring's poll-..l: ' ' ' ‘ -■ ' • ■■ —>Would you volunteer to manthe first space station..4if odds for survival were 50_50?®ooo<□ YES □ NO©Are you takingfull advantage ofyour educationalopportunities?ti.□ YES □ NOAny way you look atthem-L*M’s taste bet¬ter. Moisturized tobac¬cos make the difference!Yes, your taste staysfresh with L*M — theyalways treat you right! ©Doyou usuallybuy cigarettesin tbe soft packOr box?□ SOFT PACK □ BOXHere's how 1383 students at 138 colleges voted!M freshStay fresh kjiyfiu no ft jvjufsftvoijv fidifxWfl HUM HS3UJ AVIS — HS3HJims isiNnoo ivhi 3oisni3ii3«V9IO 3Hi S.XI — X08 SO MOVX%2'LZ xoa%ZZL'"‘ipgdUOS ^%06 on%0t sax vfe/%8£9 on /*\%Z'9e soa ^Try fresh-tasting, best-tasting bM-today... in pack or boxCH1CAGO MAROON Sept. 29, 1961 Other Orientation activities in¬cluded dinners with faculty fel¬lows, leaders of student activities,and religious house chaplains.“Under the Roofs of Paris” wasshown to the entering studentsfree at B-J.The students have been spend¬ing the last two days registeringand conferring with their advi¬sors.This evening, new as well asreturning students, will partici¬pate in activities night. All recog¬nized student organizations willhave booths and will be recruit¬ing njembers. In addition, a program is plan¬ned which includes LeonardFriedman, president of Studentgovernment, discussing the UCstudent life, the Masquers pre¬senting Iinesco’s, “The Leader,”the Russian Chords, and a Chi¬cago style debate.Tomorrow night, the last socialevent of Orientation, the Chancel¬lor’s reception and dance, will beheld in Ida Noyes hall at 8:30pm, for all University studentsand parents of the entering class.The religious houses will haveopen house for all students Sun¬day evening.New trustee chosenBenjamin E. Bensinger, president of the Brunswick Cor¬poration of Chicago, was elected a member of the board oftrustees of UC.Bensinger, an addition to the board, is also a member of theadvisory council of the UC grad- —-—; ;——- ,——uate school of business, the . Aet,ve in .Brunswick Corpora-Northwestern university assoeia- *‘on *or more than 30 years, Be-tes, and the Chicago Educational ^er was elected a director inTelevision association. 1930, assistant seeietaiy and as-. , a , .. . . sistant treasurer in 1932, and wasA graduate of Yale-university. made general mana.cr i„ 19311.from which he received his PUB Three “ears lal(,r h„ was madedegree in 1928, he previously at- executive vice president. He heldtended Glencoe, Illinois Public ,his i|ion untll he becameSchool and Culver Military Acad- id<>n, in 1954.emyARCH|E SAYS:My cousin Archie —he thought the electric razor his gal gavehim last Christmas was o.k. Then he tried Old Spice Pro-Electric,the before shave lotion. Now the guy won't stop talking, hethinks electric shaving is so great.ARCHIE SAYS Pro-Electric improves electric shaving even morethan lather improves blade shaving. ARCHIE SAYS Pro-Electricsets up your beard by drying perspiration and whisker oils soyou shave blade-close without irritation. ARCHIE SAYS Pro-Electric gives you the closest, cleanest, fastest shave.If Archie ever stops talking, I'll teh him / use OW Spice Pro-Electric myself.'v,/, 1/PRO ELECTRICP. s.There's a .60 size butArchie gets the 1.00 bottle.(He always was a sport).S H U l_ T O NBesinger’s civic activities in-elude Project HOPE, the ChicagoLyric Opera, and the Chicagoforeign car sales Council of the Boy Scouts ofAmerica. He is a director of✓ Michael Reese hospital, and amember of the Chicago Art insti-see page 9 tute, and of the Lincoln ParkZoological society.«Social sciences builds course offerings(Continued from page 17)In recent years, the division ofthe social sciences has significantlystrengthened its educational offer¬ings and research activities relatedto specific areas of the world. Incooperation with the College andthe division of the Humanities,programs are available in Slavicstudies, South and Southeast Asia,the Far East, the Middle East, andAfrica. In addition, the commit¬tee for the comparative study of new nations is concerned with thesocial, political, and economic pro¬blems of emerging nations in allparts of the world. It may benoted that none of the area pro¬grams provide for the granting ofan advanced degree. The decisionhas been made that the studentshould be competent in at leastone field of the social sciences andthat he should receive his degreefrom one of the departments ofthe division. However, the various committees do sene to coordinatecourse offerings and research op-and faculty . and several of theportunities for graduate studentscommittees have fellowship andresearch assistantship opportuni¬ties to further the objectives ofcompetent, interested graduatestudents.I do not believe that I am beingoverly parochial when I say thatthe undergraduate at the Univer¬sity of Chicago who wishes to spe-Classified AdvertisementsChatham Park Village Apartments(1 and 2 bclrms. — 3 to 5 rms.)$103 to $142Applications now being processed forwell-qualified prospective tenants, con¬venient to U. of Chgo. and Skyway.Ideal for grad, students. Mod. all ELEC,kitchens, 24-hr. heat, 63 FIREPROOFBLDGS. PRIVATELY POLICED, amplestreet parking or garages, close to shon-ping and transportation; park-like, withsuburban atmosphere. Model apartment.737 E. 83rd PI. TRlangle 4-7400Your HOME away rrom HOME6040 Ingleside Ave.A well maintained bldg, catering toUniversity students. One and two roomfurnished units from $38.50 monthly.Clean and comfortable. See residentmanager; Mrs. Leo Tapia, or call: BU8-2757.T'j and 2>2 room apartments. Rent: l'/a,$72.50; 2V2, $90. Nicely furnished, tilebath and shower, large rooms, nearUniversity. Call: 8-0439.Creiger Manor]i2 to 3 Room Furnished Apts., nicelyappointed. Elevator building. $80-$120per mo., utilities included. Quick accessto University via public transportation.Mgr. on premises. Call: PL 2-9237.Furnished ApartmentsShorelane Apts. 5135 S. Kenwood. Of¬fers 1 to 3*2 efficiency units attractivelyappointed, month to month occupancy.$80 and up. Elevator, fireproof bldg.Mgr. on premises. EXCELLENT APARTMENT FOR (MALE)STUDENTS OR FACULTY. Availablefirst or second week of October on one-year lease. English basement. Ideal lo¬cation (near Del Prado Hotel). Consistsof 4 rooms (including washroom, andone huge room with Pullman kitchen).Present tenant must sell furniture fornominal sum. Landlord will fully deco¬rate. Rental only $67.50 per month. Seeoccupant (preferably in evening) at5326 Hyde Park Blvd.For SaleCalendaFriday, September 29Activities night, 7:30 pm, Ida Noyeshall.Saturday, September 30Cross country meet, University of Chi¬cago Track club three-mile open, 11am, Washington park.Film, “Farista” (India), 8 pm. Interna¬tional house, Assembly hall.Sunday, October 1Radio series, “Faith of our Fathers,”8:30 am, WGN, 720 kc.Exhibit, Model of Nile Valley depictingAbu Slmbel temple and the Aswandam, 10 am to 5 pm, Oriental institute.Radio series, “The Sacred Note,” 10:30am, WBBM, 780 kc.Religious services, 11 am, Rockefellerchapel.Bridge club, 7:30 pm, Ida Noyes hall.Folk dancing, 8 pm, Ida Noyes hall,Cloister club.Monday, October 2All riasses meet.Exhibit, “100th Anniversary of Old HydePark,” dally 9 am to 4:30 pm, WilliamRainey Harper Memorial library.Maroon staff meeting, 4 pm, Ida Noyeshall, room 303, new members invited.Film, “New India,” “India; Asia’s new voice,” 7 pm, Rosenwald hall, room 2.Tuesday, October 3Folk dancing, 8 pm, International house,Assembly hall.Lecture, “La rude vita, la dolce giustlziaor Hard cases can make good law,”Roger Traynor, justice of the SupremeCourt of California, 8:15 pm, Lawschool auditorium.Wednesday, October 4Thursday, October 5You won't have to putyour moving or storageproblem off until tomor¬row if you call us today.PETERSON MOVINGAND STORAGE CO.1011 East 55th StreetBUtterfield 8-6711Enjoy Saving onour best stock everof used books!FOLLETT’S BOOKS324 S. WABASH /7 3, /Mon.-Fri., 9 a.m. to 8 p.m.; Sat., 9 a.m. to 6 p.m.MORE DOLLARS FOR YOUR USED BOOKSWE SPECIALIZE IN USED BOOKS ExchangeCOOPERATIVE APTS. FOR SALEFINEST SECTION OFEAST HYDE PARKDELUXE LAKEFRONT BUILDINGPROMONTORY APARTMENTS5532 S. Shore Drive* * *5 Rooms — 2 Bedrooms — 2 Tiled Bathson 7th and 17th Firs.* * *For Detailed Informationand Inspection — ContactHarvey H. Rosen and Co.RealtorsPhone: BU 8-4800CO-OP FOR SALELovely 4-rm. Co-op. Nr. 55th and Wood-lawn overlooking private Park and closeto Campus. Large rooms. Price, $11,500.$5,000 Cash required. Free Parking. Poss.60 Days. A Lovely Home. Call: Mr.Lowenthal today.McKEY and POAGUE1501 E. 57th St. DO 3-6200 Room with private bath and entry forgirl U of C student in exchange forthree nights baby sitting. 2 childrenages 10 and 12. >/2 block from NewWomen’s Dorm. MI 3-8859.Social worker wishes to share studioapartment with woman student. 10minutes from campus. Phone after 6 —VI 2-0651.Pvt. room, bath, meals in new TownHouse in exchange for baby sitting anddinner dishes. FA 4-0329. cialize in one of the fields of thesocial science- has an almost un¬paralleled opportunity. Amongyour teachers will be some of theoutstanding social scientists of thenation. You will be a part of oneof the largest—and also one ofthe best—social science educationand research institutions in theUnited States. And with some ef¬fort on your part, you can be anactive participant in many aspectsof the varied advanced programsof the division—seminars, lectures,research projects.Many of you may also have anopportunity to register for a lim¬ited number of graduate levelcourses. I think you will find thatmost of the departmental coursesthat you will have as juniors andseniors and very similar to the courses that you would take inyour first year or two of graduatestudy. Most of our undergraduateprograms of study can, and havebeen, criticized because the courseof study does not provide a satis¬factory terminal preparation atthe B. A. level. However, such alarge proportion of the graduatesof the College to go on for grad¬uate training or to a professionalschool that undergraduate pro¬grams oriented toward graduatestudy probably best meet theneeds of the vast majority of thestudents specializing in the socialsciences.D. Gale JohnsonDean, Division ofSocial sciencesServices Stem's Campus Drugs61st & EllisWill care lor your child in my homeduring the day. 57th near Kenwood.FA 4-2148.Sewing, alterations, hems. BU 8-6001.Flamenco and classical guitar instruc¬tion. William Tester. HY 3-8333.WantedTutor wanted in physical chemistry orthermodynamics. Call Dave, CH 3-1135;evenings, BU 8-5171.Wanted student with small car fordelivery of slipcovers on Saturdaysonly. Write: The American SlipcoverCo., Inc., 2139 East 75th Street. Finest of FoodHercules 95c DinnerTomato .luice, Hamburger SteakCole Slaw, French Fried PotatoesRolls end Butter, Ice CreamCoffee and Cream Sensible TricesStern s Special SteakwithGrilled Onions, Salad BowlFrench Fries, Roll and Butter$1.00HOME MADE PIESPersonalsMax — come home, all is forgiven. Jpn.Congrat Fred and Barbara Cohn onthe occasion of your wedding. HV have a complete line of Ergon - Lanvin • Chanelfiuerlain - Caron - Dana - Revlon - D’OmayMax Factor - Matchahelli - SchiaparelliPeau Seehe Colognes, Perfumes and Cosmetics■ W THAVE A BALL. Every semesterhas its bright spots—and you canenjoy them even more witha refreshing glass of Bud®.Where there’s life... there’sBudweiseiKINS OF BEERS * ANHEUSER-BUSCH, INC. • ST. LOUIS • NEWARK • 10S ANGELES • TAMPASept. 29, 1961 • CHICAGO MAROON Z1Los Angeles, California . ,Dorm facilities improved by *10,000 gift(Continued from page 7)$7.">,000 for improvements in NewWomen's Residence Halls andPierce tower. The improvementsinclude urinals and electrical out¬lets for shavers in East housebathrooms, lounge chairs for indi¬vidual rooms in both dorms, fur¬nishing of basement rooms inNew Dorms, and dormitory libra¬ries. In addition,, an anonymousgift of $10,000 will be used ex¬clusively to purchase books forthe new libraries. The planned im¬provements have not yet beencompleted. Two. new departments wereformed. The new department ofgeophysics will concentrate on so¬lar-terrestrial interactions; atmos¬pheric sciences; oceanography;geochemistry, geophysics, and ge¬ology; and paleozoology and pale¬ontology.The new department of Slaviclanguages and literatures hopesto add courses in non RussianSlavic literatures to the list ofSlavic courses. It already offersPolish and Serbo-Croatian lan¬guage courses.Four UC professors received appointments during the summer:Herman Finer, professor of po¬litical science was named FordResearch Professor in Govern¬mental Affairs. This one year re¬search-grant will enable Finer todo research on the practice ofAmerican diplomacy in the Suezaffair, 1956-7.Louis Gottschalkv. Gustavus F.and Ann M. Swift distinguishedservice professor in history wasnamed Class of 1916 visiting pro¬fessor at Cornell university. Gott-schalk will spend the fall semes¬ter ofthis year at Cornell.William McNeill was appointedchairman of the department ofhistory and Fred R. Eggan wasappointed chairman of the depart¬ment of anthropology.At the summer convocation, 423 undergraduate and graduate de¬grees were awarded. D. JeromeFisher, who has just retired asprofessor in the department ofgeophysical sciences, delivered theconvocation address, “Science andhuman beings.”The most prominent literaryfigure of the campus this sum¬mer was Mrs. George Beadle. Herbook, These Ruins An* Inhabited,rated a third of Woodworth’s win¬dow (sharing the honors withHenry Miller’s Tropic of Cancer),some good reviews in nationalpublications, and several weekson the New York Times’ bestseller list.The Phi Delta Theta fraternitywill move from its present houseon University avenue to a newbuilding. The move was necessi¬ tated by the fact that the frater¬nity resided in its present housein violation of multiple dwellingregulations. The violation consistsin the fraternity’s converting itshouse, once a family residence,into a multiple dwelling.The fraternity will not bo askedto move for another year, how¬ever. Its new house will be fi¬nanced by a federal loan. Con¬struction sites are now beingconsidered for it.Ray Koppelman, assistant pro¬fessor in the department of bio¬chemistry and the biology sectionof the College, will teach “TheNew Biology” on the LearningResources institute’s educationaltelevision program, “The Collegeof the Air.”Lowinsky to teach at UCEdward Lowinsky has been named the first Ferdinand Schevill distinguished service pro¬fessor. A distinguished pianist and outstanding musicologist, Lowinsky is now on the facultyof the University of California at Berkeley.The Schevill professorship will be awarded to persons who have “attained distinction asa scholar and teacher within the field of the humanistic disciplines/’A gift from Margaret Day Blake, a special student at the University of Chicago and thewidow of the chief editorial writer —-—; r r-—* ... _ ., , nition of Lawrence A. Kimpton s inal faculty. Although a historian,for the Chicago Tribune, made SM.vicp as chancellor from‘ 1951 co„(rj|„,t«l to the design ofpossible the endowment for the jpgQ UC's first general course in hu-Schevill chair. Mrs. Blake estab¬lished the professorship in recog- Schevill, who died in 1954, was nianities in 1930.a member of the University’s orig- Lowinsky, 53, is an authority onRenaissance music. His latesthook is Tonality and Atonality inSixteenth Century Music.foreign car salesp«g« 9MR CATALINA&'MAN RELAXED... a man selects a hand¬some sweater as he would a companionto share his most enjoyed moments...relaxing...or actively engaged in hisfavorite pastime. Created by our finedesigner, John Norman, who himseltmakes a study of the art in 'moments ofrelaxation!Frankly, there is no practical substitutefor the wheel today. But at Ford MotorCompany, our scientists and engineersrefuse to give “no" for an answer. Theyare tackling, among others, the problemof wheelless vehicles for tomorrow.Is "tomorrow” really far off? Not accordingto the men at Ford. Already they've devel¬oped the Levacar as one possibility. Itreplaces the wheel with levapads, per¬forated discs which emit powerful air jetsto support the vehicle. Air suspension—ifyou wiij.-"bf an advanced degree. Imaginetraveling swiftly, safely at up to 500 mph,riding on a tissue-thin film of air. Guidedunerringly by a system of rails. Propelledby powerful turboprops. This is theLevacar.Meanwhile we've still got the wheel. Andthe job of building better cars for today.So we hope you won’t mind riding onwheels just a little longer while we con¬centrate on both tasks.MOTOR COMPANYThe American Road, Dearborn, Michigan.PRODUCTS FOR THE AMERICAN ROAD • THE FARMINDUSTRY. AND THE AGE OF SPACECHICAGO MAROON Sept. 29, 1961THE BOOK NOOKIn Hie Hyde Pork Shopping CenterCurrent Fiction & Non-FictionArt Books Children's BooksPaperbacks10% Faculty-Student DiscountBEAUTY SALONExpertPermanent WavingandHair Cuttingby Max and Allred1350 E. 53rd St. HY 3-8302Biology department includes many fields(Continued from page 17)complex organization one canfind opportunity for training andresearch in almost any aspect offundamental or human biologyor in any of the medical and sur¬gical specialties. But one will notfind complete logical consistencyin organizational arrangement, insubject matter taught or studied,or in interest and field of activityof faculty members or graduatestudents as related to the depart¬ments with which they are con¬nected.The complex and interrelatednature of the subject matter inthe biological sciences and therapid pace of new developmentsin knowledge of biology havemade obsolete a departmental or¬ganization which seemed stableand comfortable seventy yearsago. During the first decade ofthis university the departmentsof Zoology, Botany, Anatomy andPhysiology were organized andcommenced their distinguished activities, which now continue.Zoologists were supposed to studyanimals; botanists studied plants;anatomists studied the structureof living things; and physiologistsstudied function. But how can oneunderstand how an automobileengine works without understand¬ing its structure? Of what valueis knowledge of the structure ofan amplifier unless one under¬stands its function as a whole andthe functional role of each of itsparts? If one studies the struc¬ture or function of an animal,one is working in the field ofzoology, even if one also be ananatomist and physiologist. Ifone studies the structure of genesin a very small plant, one is work¬ing all at once in the fields ofbotany, anatomy, genetics, micro¬biology, biochemistry, biophysics,molecular biology, cytology andphysiology. In pursuing this prob¬lem one may use the experimentaltools of the physicist, and analy¬tical tools of the mathematician, the statistical approaches appro¬priate for describing the behaviorof large populations, probabilitytheory and radio-Chemistry. If thevery small plant under study isgrowing as a parasite in a largerorganism such as a person, onemay find oneself working as wellin the fields of medicine, path¬ology. immunology and pharma¬cology. If one is studying energytransfer systems in an amoeba,one is at the same moment work¬ing in the fields of physiology,zoology, anatomy, biochemistry,biophysics, molecular and cell bi¬ology, etc., etc. Indeed, all aspectsof biology are so interrelated thatsharp separation into distinctfields is impossible to achieve andfoolish to attempt. For this rea¬son, the loose, illogical and over¬lapping organization of the bio¬logical sciences at the Universityof Chicago is nevertheless one inwhich almost any kind of effortin the biological sciences can finda congenial base.Architect Saarinen dies |Architect Eero Saarinen, designer of UC’s Law center and New dormitory, died earlythis month in Detroit. Saarinen died the day after an operation on a brain tumor. He was51 years old.Saarinen’s architectural works varied from airport terminals to university buildings. Per¬haps his major considerations in designing any structure were its surroundings and thepurpose for which it was to be used. ,To him, every campus had to — — 7—grow by & mcistcr plcin, by whicb ^^chitccts dnd three construction ment it h<id been for so long inbuildings, as they are added, will dates; yet the four buildings are our mind’s eye.”tend towards a surrounding in harmony with each other, be-which esthetically contributes to cause they are constructed fromthe spirit of the university. the same limestone material, andFor the master plan to work, *oUow an essentially gothic de-Saarinen held, campuses must ap- S1"n-portion property in large enough Because the tendency towardareas in which to work. Too the vertical and the use of litera-many campuses, according to ture are important characteris-him, grow on a piecemeal basis. lies of Chicago campus architec-Administrators and architects are ture, Saarinen arranged the win-indifferent to the master plans dows of the New Dorms and theof earlier architects, and cam- law school into vertical rows,puses follow, instead, what he using limestone in the construc-has called "a pattern of living tion of both,on borrowed time.” In his words, “Universities areSaarinen cited the MIT and living on the proud environmen-Chicago campuses as two exam- tal homogeneity of a past genera-ples of planning which encour- tion, but very often today mayages the continued use of space, build isolated buildings out ofAt Chicago, Saarinen was partic- pure expediency and disregard aularly aware of the beautiful controlled and coordinated totalspaces created by groups of build- environment. It will suddenly be¬ings in various Gothic forms. come apparent to all that the uni-Hutchinson court, for example, versity campus is not any moreshows the work of three different the permanent beautiful environ- These are great days in biol¬ogy, just as the days of Galileo,of Newton, of Planck, of Einsteinand of Dirac were great days inphysics. A comprehension of themolecular basis of living proces¬ses and of disease is now beingforged. We are beginning to real¬ize how evolution takes place asa result of changes in the arrange¬ment of atoms in certain mole¬cules within cells. We are formu¬lating understanding of memory,of muscular contraction, of vision,of nerve and of brain action, ofinfection, of immunity, in termsof molecular events oecuring inulescomponents of the biologicalsystems, usually in cells. Theseadvances all bring us closer toour goal of explaining the manyphenomena of life in terms ofphysics and chemistry.This goal is yet far off, but italready sets new requirementson many persons entering careersin the biological sciences. It is evident that excellent groundingin physics, chemistry and mathe¬matics is necessary if the verycomplex phenomena of biologyare to be related properly to themore general properties of matterand energy. Biologists with goodcompetence in these areas willfind themselves with special ad¬vantages. But biology and medi¬cine are catholic in scope, andcan accommodate able personsof many special capacities. Per¬sons of original intellect, of dili¬gence, and of well-motivated am¬bition can find splendid opportun¬ity in the Division of BiologicalSciences at the University of Chi¬cago to advance their own ca¬reers, to pursue new knowledge,and to serve the welfare of man¬kind.Dr. H. Stanley BennettDean, Division ofBiological SciencesTAKE ADVANTAGEof National Review'sSPECIAL STUDENT RATEFOR THE ACADEMIC YEARDon't miss another issue!NOW ONLY$389 I Yfrit« toi NotionalRfvlow, StudentSubscription D«pt„150 Eo»t 35th St..Now York 16, N. Y. SPECIAL STUDENT DISCOUNTPHILLIPS JEWELRY GO.DIAMONDS • WATCHES • JEWELRY • RINGS • SILVERWAREPEARLS • RELIGIOUS GOODS • APPLIANCESSERVING COLLEGE STUDENTS AT WHOLESALEPRICES FOR THE PAST 20 YEARS"50% OFF ONFALL DIAMONDS""CHRISTMAS SALE"WATCH AND JEWELRY REPAIRING67 E. MADISON ROOM 1101CHICAGO DE 2-6508ON CAMPUS — INFORMATIONRAY MITCHELL BU 8-9381312-314!, Wabashused booksfor all courseswe pay cash for allcurrent high schooland college textsSAVE25 to 50%WAbash 2-6385Chicago 4, Illinois mm-urnmCAPER. B9eNT SOUTH FOR REST. BEACH 50 CROWPEP X COULPN'TTETANY. HEAR? SCREAM. THEN ANOTHER. AFTERTHIRP SCREAM I GOT SUSPICIOUS. STARTER TOINVESTI GATE .1 9IT WAS LlFEGUARP. HE'P TRIED TO RE5CUEFROWNING WOMAN.BUT 5HE STUCK AHATPIN IN HI5 INNER TUBE. UFEGUARP TOLP ME THIS WAS IO thATTEMPT TO KILL HIM. FROM THIS EVIDENCEX CONCLUPEP HE WASN'T VERY POPULAR.6TARTEP LOOKING FDR CLUES. FOUNP A WOMAN'SROLL-ON PEOPORANT IN HlS BEACH BAG.IT WAS HIS. NO W0NPERHE WAS UNPOPULAR.GAVE HIM BOTTLE OF MENNEN SPRAYPEOPORANT... HARPEST-WORKJNG, LONGEST-LASTING SPRAY A MAN CAN USE. GETSTHROUGH TO THE SKIN. WORKS ALLPAY. AFTER THAT, X GOT PLENTY OF REST. BACK IN omCE.PHOHE RANG. IT WASUFEGUARP. SINGE USING MENNEN SPRAYHE'P HAP TO RESCUE407 PROWNlNG WOMEN.WANTEP TO COME NORTH FOR A REST.Sept. 29, 1961 • CHICAGO MAROON • 29NS A officers chosen after floor baffle>ioc was solidly walk away with the election on West Coast Vice President, went'On the stvond the*: first ballot and that the only to Mike Neff, former studenthandih deleaied tnan who emtld slop him would body president at the Universitya linos i all ot b.- 1’oiier. ol Illinois and present chairmanZagat was the first candidate of the Illinois Wisconsin region, race for- the In- to be nominated and Hayden was °f USNSA. lie defeated Johnstonfairs’ ’Vice-Presi-, second. At the point where Hay." 171 to 99. Johnston had precededV' \vent by aeela den aivepied Potter was still ■■re: .Mdt as « hairman of the regionoutgoing IA VP’s,.fusing; to run for NAVP, out of.'and had picked Neff as his sueessor: Don Kmei deference to Hayden and John- l,'sso1'i university. ' ston, two1 close friends. Halfway Johnston was later offered, andthe National'<Af- through Johnston’s final „second- accepted, the newly created posiidenev* - (NAVPY<‘ inS • speech;' -Potter • relented * and tion of academic freedom director,cated* Front.run-‘ a£rce(* run; John ston,.began to Although the liberals exhibitedr was Tim Zagat his nomination and then unquestionable - control of theo bad been cam .abruptly announced that he was (_->onfrr(,ss> the fight appears far're-post - all /year withdrawing from? the ;raee in from o concluded. The conserva,nst him'was.Ncal; favor of Pau! Potter. Hayden fol-Ctivc s'never, did stage their walkChicago.- Midway lowed'vsuit in-an emotional 'scone out, but did mutter threats about'ongress; with a herein .he lashe<LpuUagain>l ..the. f,»rmingf a new national studentninent. Tom Hay- inter ests^ in ^TSA. - >v A union. Fulton "Buddy” Lewis. also entered the Potter finally squeaked to \ it who spruit km year touringi >i > u\ ci Zagat h\ a nanow. American canrpUM's showing andii,* twelve vote margin defending "Operation Abolition."St udentsborrow paintings"ye gads/ it's the GRINDER!U" ;the East's most popular sandwich comes to UC The Joseph R. Shapiro art est and encoui agementf^ of thecollection will again i>c avail- ;':lable for loan to students, fac-ff' Morethan 300 paintings will beulty, and all employees of the on display on the tirst floor otUnneisrty. |||§§j§j ‘C* A 8 ;v'Ida Noyes Half during the first!Composed oi such."'.artists as week of the quarter, and will beChagall, Rouault, Picasso, Miro,! loaned to students on WednesMatta. Max Kahn, and other art- day, October 11. a pm on aists known locally and nationally, .first come, first served basis. Peothe collection has beetCloaned for P'e wishing to borrow a picturethe past tlrree years to the .Uni- should have student, or employeversity, by Shapiro, .a Chicago identification, and will be chargedbusinessman, noted for his inter- 50c for insurance coverage. §|/ jjjgf ' | 1 IH If | L * ’• Further information may be obmih.-i ai ttre Student ActivitiesOffice, Ida Noyes Hall, extension?' -!•; •> ■32 sizes & Varieties 30 cents! & up5704 S. Stony Island. The Grinder Shop/ DVALfilter;DOES IT! foreign car hospitalTareyton delivers#§|fetne flavor...SYRACUSE UNIVERSITYACADEMICPROGRAMSABROADSEMESTERS ABROAD■ for'undergraduatesSEMESTER INvg.Liberal Arts Program m,..Florence.Italian, Fine-Arts, Hisi Politico1Science. Previous'study of Italian,not required ' . \SEMESTER INGUATAMALALiberal, Arts Program in coopera.-tion, with the University of SanCarlos. Spanish -competence re¬quired. ,SUMMERS ABROADCredit program for; graduates;and undergraduatesFRANCELanguage* and. Literature-THE BRITISH ISLES‘Tareyton's Dual Filter in duas partes divisa est!"says Publius (Boom - Boom ) Aurelius, Coliseum crowd-id-' netSay* Boom-Boom. “Tareyton is one filter cigarette thatreally delivers de gusli bus. Legions ofsmokers are switching.Try a couple of packs of Tareytons. They’re the packsi wn: m *' ’ ■DramaticsACTIVATED CHARCOALINNER FILTER ITALYHome Econom csPURE WHITEOUTER FILTER JAPANDUAL FILTER FOR INFORMATION-AND;AN APPLICATION. , ;ACADEMIC PROGRAMSABROADUNIVERSITY COLLEGE610 E. FAYETTE ST.SYRACUSE 3, NEW YORKtroduil is our nuddWname , $ * ■- f • o*1Culture VultureThe indolence of summer sun has fallen from the Vulture's back and left her defeathered and shivering at the prospect ofendless icy days in the battlemented towers of intellect. Not that intellect is cold, oh no. The Vulture quails at the knowledgethat' soon—all too soon—the sunlight resolutions of dedication to the printed page will be tested. And once tested they shallappear in their true light: delusions of the equinox. Sigh.On campusNew beginnings need time toorganize themselves. Consequent¬ly we must content ourselves wtihthe excitement of ferment and ofexpectation which is at presentrunning rampant in campus cul¬tural circles. The turmoil will sub¬side a bit tonight and get on withits business of elevating summer-parched and high school-starvedsouls. The scene of action will beIda Noyes Hall; the time: 7:30-12midnight; the event: ActivitiesNight. What, else?Off campusThe outside world never gets achance at new. beginnings.Wretched. There is an advantage,however, that advantage beingi that the cycle of soulful edifica¬tion never ceases. The Loop is atpresent chock full of scintillation,wit, tears, and dreams.TheatreProfessional theatre has startedto reap her autumn harvest. TheBlackstone Theatre, 60 E. Balbo,is gracing its stage with “TheBest Man,” a satire on the back-stage activities of a PresidentialNominating Convention. Specialcoupons, thanks to the Educator’sTheatre Committee, will be avail¬able for University students, en¬titling them to second balconyseats for $1.50 on Monday, Tues¬day, Wednesday, and Thursdayevenings, and the Wednesday mat¬inees. The coupons can be ob¬ tained ffom the Student ActivitiesOffice or the Reynolds Club.“Bye Bye Birdie” has flown infrom New York for a run at theErlanger, 127 N. Clark. Rumoredto have been written immediatelyfollowing the drafting of Mr.Presley, the play is a happyhodge-podge of the army, the rec¬ord industry, and MidwesternSmall Town, USA. Call ST 2-2459for information and reservations.After breaking all sorts ofBroadway records, “My FairLady” has deigned to travel west¬ward. Though the cast be not theoriginal, it flings the script andmusic masterfully onto the stagevery own. Shining examples in¬clude The Second City, a cabaretat 1842 N. Wells which deals in of the Shubert, 22 W. Monroe.Regarding tickets, call CE 6-8240.Chicago does have talent of itsscintillation in revue form, andthe Company of the Four, HydePark’s very own. The title of theformer’s present presentation is“Six of One”; call DE 7-3992. Thelatter has two performances left(tonight and tomorrow) of Nico¬lai Gogol’s “very very Russianfarce,” “The Marriage.” Ticketsmay be left and may be obtainedby calling MI 3-4170 or FA 4-4100.If not, their ’61-’62 season includesfive more productions.MusicMusic—folk, jazz, and classical—abound in this wicked, windy-city of ours.Latest Revue' lacks spark, satireTwo years ago lethargic oldChicago was put on its proverbialear by a new kind of entertain¬ment — the intimate coffeehouse review introduced by Sec¬ond City; since then, scores ofsimilar groups have tried, withlittle success, to bowl over sleepyChicago audiences. Jules Furth’sThe Latest Revue, now appear¬ing at the Shoreland Hotel, may,at best, have given them a hiccupor two.Working out of a makeshifttheatre behind Citro’s restaurant,the troup had talent enough toovercome the handicap of its sur¬roundings, but unfoi'tunately, notenough to overcome the handicapof its material. Most of the songswere characterized by poundingderivative melodies and inanelyrics. The satire for the mostpart was so diffuse as to makethe skits absolutely pointless.Case in point, the first act finale- a supposed parody of MusicalComedies, an adaptation of theScarlet Letter, called Red LetterDay. The scene opens with achorus of Puritans singing abouthow hard it is to find a rhymefor Massachusetts. The star ofthe show, with a scarlet lettercovering her front, chases every¬one off stage so that she may singher Pollyanna song, and provejust how pure she really is. Fin¬ally the hero enters, flexes hismuscles, and saves our be¬smirched little heroine; the chor¬us returns and sings anotherrousing chorus of Massachusetts.All this takes three minutes.There were, however, occas¬sional gems amid the trash, whichallowed the cast to display theirreal talents. One such gem was1’ink Denim, a spoof on UC the¬atricals. A group of Angry Youngactors from the University are•supposedly presenting, for thefirst time anywhere, a new play, the angriest and the youngestwhich they could find. It was thetragic story of a girl and boy,ages three and four, who, dis¬gusted with the materialisticworld they’re growing up in, de¬cide to run away together. “Tele¬vision! Toys! Oatmeal Cookies!Why can’t they leave us alone?!”Plans abort when the girl, playedby Belinda Westbrook, discoversthat she has just wet her pants.Peter Irmiter, as the angryyoung man did a job of clowningthat should set Actors studio backat least ten years. Dressed in hisLord Fauntneroy suit, and hurl¬ing Marlon Brandonish invectiveat the world, he cut a picture,that I for one will never forget.Another gem was the World ofMother Goose. While MotherGoose, a decrepit old hag, sat intheir midst, the cast, assembledlike a Greek Chorus, chanted asoaring eulogy to that granddame of the nursery rhyme. Thismixture of Sophocles and LittleJack Horner was very weird, butalso very funny.But the greatest surprise of theevening came in the middle ofthe first act, when a girl sittingon a stool sang a quiet littleballad — “Call Me.” It is rarethat a revue will attempt someFREE PASSto thedark theatre11 N. CLARK FR 2-2843As an introduction to the Clarktheatre, we extend you an invita¬tion to be our guest using thiscoupon for ONE FREE ADMISSION,good until Oct. 31. Just presentthis coupon at the box office.And remember college students areadmitted for 50c at all times atthe dark. honest sentiment, but this timeit really paid off; Belinda West¬brook’s rich voice and sincere de¬livery suited perfectly the sim¬plicity and beauty of the song.Miss Westbrook proved her ver¬satility later in the second act,when she launched into a terrificsolo for a slam bang productionnumber — Bright New Star.Another outstanding talent wasMr. Pat Kenny, whose rubberface and fine acting saved manya scene from oblivion. Sue Rabin,the pixie-faced girl from North¬western, brightened many a dullmoment from the show — I onlyregret that she had so little todo during the evening.Bob Kenny’s direction was forthe most part quite good, consid¬ering the material he had to workwith. Only once, in a scene en¬titled Man on a Ledge, did heobviously fail. The routine con¬cerned a group of people tryingto get a friend down from windowledge; by the end of the scene,they have forgotten their suicidalPLAYWRIGHTScabaret theatre"I, being •< soundmind ond body, s*ythat this show is fan¬tastic It's the end,but don't take myword for it— GO!*—MORT SAHLBigDeaJa musical satire of Chicago 1961FOR RESERVATIONS CALLANdover 3-51501846 N. WELLS STREET friend, and are whooping it upwith a good ole family reunion—perched some twenty stores fromthe street. But the audience wasunable to get any sense of heightand peril; and without that, thescene was a dud.The entire troupe, includingwriters John Stasey and BobKenny, had enough talent to puton a good show. If they had spentsome more time and thrown outall that was extraneous anddownright bad, they could haveprovided a wonderful evening.Unfortunately in today’s theatre,there is little room for mistakes,and no opportunity for a groupto say “It’s just us kids learningthe business.” If they do pick upthe pieces and try again, Ishould be very anxious to seetheir next revue.Bob Reiser Keep in mind a few of thesejazz spots: The Birdhouse, 1205N. Dearborn, which is currentlyfeaturing the golden horn ofMyles Davis (call MI 2-8550 >;Easy Street, 1135 N. Dearborn, asmall, dim place with a huge pa- 'pier-mache tree growing throughthe roof (WH 4-4748); and theSutherland Lounge, close at hand(4657 Drexel) and only' 75 centsfor students on Wednesday eve¬nings (KE 6-6669).One last jazz note (in a majorkey) is a staccato announcementof Dave Brubeck’s appearance inOrchestra Hall on Sunday after¬noon at 3 pm. His quartet, fea¬turing Paul Desmond on saxo¬phone, will be part of the retinue,of course. Phone FR 2 0566 forticket information.While the quadrangles prov idea heady fare of folk music, theGate of Horn, at 1036 N. State,occasionally does well in thatfield, though their new digs seemto be eliciting a rash of nightclubby type shows. Neverthelesscall SU 7-2833.Tuesday October 3, will find theintellectual vanguard of the coun¬try’s folksters in Orchestra Hall.The Limeliters, who, if they gothree weeks without performing,get sick, will be on hand for onenight only, so hurry to the HydePark Co op or Orchestra Hall ant*try for seats.In the classical vein, the Chi¬cago Chamber Orchestra extendsan invitation to its friends to bepresent at a special pre-seasonconcert in Simpson Hall of theChicago Natural History, tomor¬row at 3:30. The program is oneof Danish music, to accompanythe curent exhibit of paintings bythe Danish artist, Gitz Johansen.The concert will be free, as willbe the regular series.NOW PLAYING"NEVER ON SUNDAY"StarringJULES DASSINMELINA MERCOURIBest Actress — Cannes Film FestivalDearbornAt DivisionPhone DE 7-1763Special Student Rate on Mondays and FridaysJust Show Cashier Your I.D. CardLAKE , () P A R K A T 75 R D : N O 7 9 O 7 1the ( Ayde park theatre!A SUN LIFE POLICY FOR EVERY NEEDFOR YOUAND YOUR FAMILY. . .The Income Endowment plan guarantees life in¬surance protection if you die within a specifiednumber of years. If you live, the endowmentbenefit falls due on the maturity date: you cantake the funds in cash or as income for life.RepresentativeRalph J. Wood Jr., ’48I N. LaSalle Chicago, III.FR 2-2390 • n FA 4-6800SUN LIFE ASSURANCE COMPANY OF CANADA THE FOLKLORESOCIETYPRESENTSJOANBAEZSaturday,October 28, 19618:30 P.M.Mandel HallTICKETS ON SALE ATBOX OFFICE START!NCOCTOBER 1 5THReserved $2.25General $1.75Discount to Members STARTING FRIDAY, SEPT. 29HEINZ RUHMANN ★ MICHEL SIMON A ROGER LIVESEYFriedrich Duerrenmatt's Masterful Murder Melodrama“IT HAPPENED INBROAD DAYLIGHT’’PLUSTWO SELECTED SHORTSSTARTINC FRIDAY, OCT. 6BY REPEATED PATRON REQUESTAN EXCLUSIVE CHICAGO SHOWINGTHE ORIGINAL COMPLETE GERMAN FILM VERSION OFBERTOLD BRECHT'S“THE 3 PENNY OPERA’’MUSIC BYKURT WEILL WITHLOTTE LENYAStudent Rates with I.D. CardSept. 29, 1961 CHICAGO MAROONSmaller, brighter class enters this yearTliis year’s entering classhas 40 fewer students thanlast year’s, according toCharles O’Connell, director ofadmissions. Despite the decrease,which O’Connell cannot explain,College enrollment will remainconstant due to a large numberof returning students and thematriculation of 105 transfer stu¬dents.The class was described as a"very bright and good class” byAlan Simpson, dean of the Col¬lege.The 573 entering students rep¬resent 54% of the 1071 studentswho were admitted by the Uni¬versity. Last year, 60%- of thoseadmitted matriculated. 7% fewerstudents, however, were admittedthis year. Ten years ago, only25% of admitted students matric¬ulated.There were more than 1900 ap¬plications for admission to thisyear’s class, a rise of some 300 ap¬plications over last year and some500 applications over 1959.75% of the first year studentswere ht the top tenth of theirhigh school class. 15% were inthe second tenth. Only one percent were in the lower half oftheir classes.Included among these scholarsare 61 valedictorians, comparedto 34 in I960; 11 national Meritscholarship winners; 409 mem¬ bers of the national honor soci¬ety; and 118 Illinois State Schol¬arship winners, compaied to 131last year.Also in this class are 19 grad¬uates of rural midwestern highschools which are participating inthe “small school talent search.”O’Connell suggested that the lessimpressive “cultural quotients”these students sometimes haveshould not deprive them of “thesame educational and financialopportunities as their urban andsuburban counterparts.”In its search for a “reasonablebalance” between the verbal andmathematical scores on thescholastic aptitude test, the ad¬missions department has produceda class with average scores of646 on the verbal portion of thetest and 645 on the mathematical portion. Last year, averages were635 and 637, compared to 619 and626 in 1959.The 362 men in the class av¬eraged 665 in math in contrastto the 211 women’s average of611. The women, with 657, aver¬aged 17 points higher than themen on the verbal section. O’Con¬nell explained that familiaritywith the tests gained as studentsrepeat them is one cause of therising scores.55% of the entering studentshad high school averages between3.5 and 4.0. 36% had averages be¬tween 3.0 and 3.4. Only 1 stu¬dent’s average was below 2.0.The 'entrants’ preparation, “aca¬demically balanced” to enablethem to successfully meet gen¬eral education requirements, in¬ cludes 4 years of English, 3.2years of foreign language study,3.7 years of mathematics, and3.5 years of science.O’Connell feels that there is a“more solid balance between thesciences and the social and hu¬manistic studies,” a sign of im¬provement over the recent “heavy,but in many cases, unrealisticscience orientation among tophigh school seniors.”About one-third of this year’sstudents are undecided on their major fields. The class Includes57 pre-medical students, 67 mathe-.matics majors, 65 physics ma jors.24 chemistry majors, 35 Englishand humanities majors, and 50social sciences majors, accordingto data from the students’ appli 1cations.Over 90% of the entering students will live in college houses; *the remainder, with their families. This is a 5% increase in residency over last year.MU 4-6856 GIFTS FOR ALL OCCASIONSKOGA GIFT SHOPImported and Domestic Dry GoodsChinowore • Jewelry • KimonosSandals • Greeting Cards • LanternsFree Gift Wrapping • Lay-Awoy1203 E. 55th St.ree» w rrrrtTTT w ftyrt ??rITALIAN FIESTA PIZZERIAORDER 3 PIZZAS AND GET ONE FREE!spaghetti • beef • s a usage and meatball sandwiches «Free Delivery Over $2.60MU 4-9022, 1014, 10151427 East 67th st.4 SMfWtoHHIWIKWIHHHMIHWWHMWOWfWWHHHMHMtftlHHHMIUMMtlHMHHHMtWHHIMIItllHIHIHHItHIMItMlHtt1 - IIIHr Fifty-Seventh at Kenwood §/f\Il UNUSUAL FOODDELIGNTFULATMOSPHEREPOPULARPRICESSPECIAL TO U. C. STUDENTS & PERSONNEL10* DISCOUNTON ALL SERVICEFLATWORKSheets, Pillowcases, Handkerchiefs,Dish Towels, Other Flat Pieces,Beautifully Washed Cr Ironed. BathTowels Cr Wearing Apparel Washed,Fluff Dried, Folded & Wrapped10 Lbs $140 N.tAddl. Lbs. 14c Ea .This Is Our Most PopularConvenient & Economical FamilyService.SHIRTS & WASH TROUSERSFor that bright, clean, fresh look, letus do your shirts and trousers exactlyto YOUR liking. Beautifully washedand ironed — starched as desired.Shirts 22‘n **•*Ho Extra Charge for Sport ShirtsTrousers 45‘ M. MetFast-, Dependable, Quality Service LAUNDROMATAll Items Carefully WashedCr Fluff Dried. Your Bundle HandledINDIVIDUALLY —Washed Cr DriedSeparately from Any Other U.C.Students & Personnel Have FoundThis Service To Be Easy, Efficient CrEconomical. No Time or Troubleon Your Part — We Take Care of11 from Start to Finish at NOExtra Charge!63 NetEach Machine Load (8 Lbs.lIndividually Washed, Dried & ServicedTRY IT! YOU'LL LIKE IT! QUALITY DRY CLEANINGTry our excellent dry cleaning serv¬ice. All garments carefully spotted andhand pressed.Tuxedos, formals, ball gowns givenspecial attention. Suede leather andfur garments processed by experts.All garments packaged in our spe¬cial "see through" plastic bags.Men's Cr Ladies' Suits Cr Plain Dresses$1.22 NetTrousers, Skirts, Sweaters — 63c NetLet Us Put That NEW Fresh Look BackInto Your GarmentsSHAG RUGSWe have special equipment to proc¬ess these rugs. We can handle all largesizes. All rugs carefully washed anddried.18c Lb. NetFREE PICKUP & DELIVERYWe maintain a FREE pickup and de¬livery service for your convenience on atotal of $1.89 or more. Service is on aregular weekly basis if desired.PERSONALIZED LAUNDRY AND DRY CLEANING’ FOR PARTICULAR PEOPLEUNIVERSITY QUICK LAUNDRY1024 E. 55th Street ACROSS FROM PIERCE TOWER PL 2-909732 • CHICAGO MAROON • Sept. 29, 1961