VcuilulfkiAoiyriVoL 41. No. 45 Z-149 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO. WEDNESDAY. JANUARY 7. 1942 Three Cents-Editorial-We F^vor A Bachelor^s Degree AtThe Bind Of The Sophomore YearThe University of Chicagoshould again be the leaderamong truly progressive Amer¬ican universities. We should givea bachelor’s degree at the end ofthe first two years of the Uni¬versity. We should make thedividing point between generaleducation and specialized educa¬tion at the place where it logical¬ly belongs. The time to makethese adjustments is now wheneven the most conservativeforces in education must giveway under the stress of the waremergency.New Degree VersatileFortunately the new bach¬elor’s degree would not only bewell adopted to the war pro¬gram ; it has been a crying needin education since the beginningof this century.If Satan decided to fix theworst possible divisions betweengrammar school, high school,college, and professional andgraduate study, he would nodoubt select the American schoolsystem. Our system of eightyears of grammar school, fouryears of high school, and fouryears more of college is unbe¬lievably wasteful, inefficient, andconfusing. Wastes Two YearsThe present system steals twoyears out of the educational lifeof the average student. Whilethe objectives of the first twoyears in grammar school arereasonably well achieved, verylittle of really lasting value isusually accomplished in the sev¬enth and eighth grades thatcould not be much better learnedas part of the high school pro¬gram.If students finish grammarschool two years earlier thanthey do now’, they could com¬plete their secondary educationat the end of what is now thesophomore year in high school.At the end of the four years inw’hat would correspond to ourFour Year College they could begiven a B.A. degree.What the Degree Means?Under the present system al¬most ^everyone who enters col¬lege is urged to work for a bach¬elor’s degree. But educators donot agree what a bachelor’s de¬gree means. Some look upon it asa glorified meal ticket showingthat the student has masteredsome particular skill and is qual¬ified to earn a living.(Continued on page two)NewNavalReserveQassAnswers Colleae NeedsThe answer to the plea of the jun¬ior or senior in college that he beallowed to finish school before he en¬ters the armed forces has been sup¬plied by the Navy in the form of anew Naval Reserve class—V-7.War DominatesContents OfAlumni Mag.From the table of contents to thefinal listing of alumni now in thearmed forces, war and defense are themain themes of the current issue ofthe alumni magazine. Even the tran¬quil cover showing the Botany Pondafter a snowstorm calls for a militar¬istic explanation.President Hutchins’ speech is re¬printed, with pictures of the studentsshowing their reactions to the speechand war in general. A short summaryof just how the students listened tothe speech is also included.Alumnus LettersAn alumnus of the class of 1911,Conrado Benitez, has entered a eltterpredicting war in the Philippines.Japanese bombers will come soon tothe Philippines with death and de¬struction, Mr. Benitez writes from•Manila, November 6. “From day today we live with the feeling that avolcano is about to erupt,” he says.In his column David Daiches quotesfrom a letter from his brother in theBritish army the typical British viewsof life after two years of war. Besides“waiting to welcome Adolf”, the Brit¬ish were getting a little tired of see¬ing brightly-lit highways in Americanmovies last November.Military Course Described“News of the Quadrangles” de¬scribes the military training course inthe article on “Theory, Mud and Ma-neuvres.” Fraternity pledges and thestudent six-day week are also dis¬cussed in the column. The first of twoarticles on the University Press byGordon Laing is another feature ofthis issue. To qualify for this, one must beeither a junior or senior in college.If one passes the stiff physical exam¬ination and is inducted, he is placedon the inactive list until his gradua¬tion.Mathematics RequiredOnly curricular demands made arethat the candidate take at least twomathematics courses on a collegelevel. The Navy interprets this asmeaning any courses which count to¬wards a degreeAfter graduation the man entersupon a 30-day training period, duringwhich time he is observed to see ifhe has the qualities of leadership, in¬telligence, and moral character whichthe Navy demands.If he has, he then enters a three-month Naval Reserve Midshipmen’sTraining school, at the conclusion ofwhich he goes on active duty withthe rank of ensign.He is also on active duty this sum¬mer if a junior, probably serving ona training cruise.Recommendations NecessaryThe applicant must present a letterfrom the registrar certifying that heis working for a degree, that he willtake two mathematics courses beforegraduation, and that he is either ajunior or a senior. In addition he musthave three letters of recommendationfrom persons outside his family andmust also have his birth certificate. Women FormIndependentHousing Co-opThe long felt need for a women’sco-operative has been filled this quar¬ter at 5711 Woodlawn avenue. Sincelong before Christmas several univer¬sity women including Janet Vander-walker, Josephine Beynon, PhyllisRichards, Esther Sager, and LollyChevlen have been working to com¬plete arrangements to live in the oldSigma Chi house, vacated last year.Twenty girls moved in Monday, andbegan working .to set up the co¬operative.No-Profit Rent, Expenses of the house are met withClie rents paid by the girls them¬selves, and the house is run at noprofit. Rents are from 12 to 13 dol¬lars per month, since no meals areserved. The residents do most of thew'ork themselves, and at present arescrubbing, painting, making curtainsand slip-covers with much enthusiasm.They have elected Janet Vanderw'alk-er house chairman, and MargaretKuefTner is their treasurer.(('ontinued on page three)Terraqua, newly organizedouting club, is holding a skat¬ing party Friday night—ad¬mission free—to celebrate theopening of the new WarmingHouse at Stagg Field.In order not to interferewith the Ida Noyes OpenHouse being held the sameevening,, skating will be from7:30 to 9:30, and skaters maygo directly to Ida Noyes fromthe rink.In addition to the generalskating, four dance couplesfrom the Chicago FigureSkating Club will provide en¬tertainment. Charles McCar¬thy and Dorothy Burkholder,prizewinners in several con¬tests, will head the group.Also featured will be AlexKrupy in an exhibition ofschool figures. Others AdoptingU.olC. Ideas AsWar MeasuresBy ROBERT LAWSONThat the University has justified its reputation of pro-gressivism and far-sightedness is more than ever evident inthe light of the changes colleges and universities through¬out the country are undergoing in an effort to counteractthe impact of the war.Not only have many of the widely-heralded adjustmentswhich other schools are making heen in action here forsome time, but also the administration is considering chang¬es as revolutionary as the “New Plan.”3rd Year High Students AcceptanceWhen West Coast schools recently announced that they wouldaccept students in the third and fourth years of high school, themove was highly publicized. All overlooked the fact that the Uni¬versity since 1933 has quietly been accepting high-ranking highschool students at the close of their third year, giving them thesame status as those with high school diplomas. The number ofsuch students has been relatively small but will be expanded, ac¬cording to Dean of Students Aaron J. Brumbaugh.Choice of Students Must Be CarefulHe warned, however, against carrying this to excess. Many of thoseeligible on the basis of their scholastic records are not socially mature enoughto enter college and obtain maximum benefits. Dean Brumbaugh stressed.The process should be highly selective but is definitely desirable, he con¬cluded.Many colleges and universities are now turning to the quarter system,which the University originated, as they attempt to speed up their programsto enable men of draft age to obtain degrees before they are inducted into thearmy.Business SchoolTo Repeat TenWeek CoursesWalgreen OffersNew Nef BookDefense CouncilForms PlansThe Student Defense Council willhold its first meeting of the new yearon Friday to make plans to co-operatein the Big Ten Defense Stamp andBond drive. Also under discussion willbe plans for a faculty advisory boardfor consultations with students ondraft status and enlistments.Meanwhile 300 University womenare ready to begin First Aid trainingnext week in Ida Noyes, and over 300men begin military training in thefieldhouse at the same time. “The United States and Civiliza¬tion,” by John Nef, is the last ofsix books to be published in the cur¬rent Walgreen Foundation series. InAmerican politics, he lays emphasison moral philosophy.Our optimistic Victorian ancestors,he says, mistook “twilight for dawn,”and he insists on six reforms if theU.S. is to take part in a reconstruc¬tion of the world: 1) the negation ofthe worth of material gains and goodas fundamental to the good life; 2)the reorganization of education of theyoung with emphasis on ethics, his¬tory, and art; 3) the reorganizationof higher education with increase infoundations dedicated to improve¬ment of man’s welfare through ex¬amination of data at hand, instead offoundations to collect more data; 4)the substitution of ethics and Chris¬tian aim in the social sciences; 5) anexcelerated campaign against totali¬tarianism through religion, not civilauthority; 6) the endowment ofchurches to remove them from com¬petition with dance halls and movies.Nef, as professor of economic his¬tory, is the author of a two-volumework, “The Rise of the British CoalIndustry,” and “Industry and Gov¬ernment in France and England ,1540-1640.” He will begin the first of the’42 lecture series with a talk on “Eco¬nomic Problems of War,” next Thurs¬day. Business School will repeat thisquarter the ten week course given lastfall to prepare men for junior produc¬tion management and personnel workin defense industry. Assistant DeanMitchell stated yesterday. Registra¬tions for the classes, which commenceFebruary 2, will be taken during thenext two weeks, he stated. About 160will be accommodated.Classes will be taught by mem¬bers of the regular business staff, aslast quarter. The course will remainsubstantially the same, with four lec¬tures in the morning followed bysmaller hour - and - a - half discussionsessions in the afternoon.Interviews will be given to appli¬cants selected from the written ap¬plication blanks, beginning January10, Mitchell said. Selections will bebased on two tests: an estimate of thecapacity of the person to profit fromthe work offered, and his employabil¬ity. From past experience, Mitchellstated, most of the class will probablybe high school graduates, some withtwo years of college. Preference willbe shown those with engineering, me¬chanical or shop training, he said.Last quarter’s course Mitchell eval¬uated as a pronounced success. Of theeighty-six who completed the study,all were placed. Two thirds of thosewho did not finish quit to go to jobsin defense. Some 300 applications werefilled out for the course last fall, andabout 1500 made inquiries of somesort.So far, Mitchell said, response tothe announcement of the repetition ofthe course, made last week-end, hasbeen very good. Asked if the classesmight be given yet a third time, hereplied, “If we see a need for it, wewill stand ready to repeat it in thesummer. Of course these things all de¬pend on what is wanted at Washing¬ton.” An alternative plan is the so-calledthree semester arrangement wherebythe original semesters are shortenedBrumbaughaccepts studentsRound TableOn ‘Inflation’ slightly and summer vacation is elim¬inated to provide three semesters in¬stead of two, In line with this will bea shortening of the Christmas vaca¬tion and either shortening or elimi-Continued on page three)Offer EveningCourses ForDef enseW orkers“How to Meet the Menace of Infla¬tion,” will be the question discussedon the first University Round Tableof the quarter. Professor John M.Clark, of Columbia, regarded as one ofthe nation’s outstanding economists,T. 0. Yntema of our faculty, and theroving reporter, will take part in thethree way argument.Tenor of the program is the effec¬tiveness of steps taken by the govern¬ment in combatting inflation, andwhat the individual consumer shouldknow in order to solve his own prob¬lems if prices skyrocket.The program January 19, will be oncensorship,” with Byron Price, Dr.Lasswell, and William Benton. Four evening courses in defensetraining for persons engaged in de¬fense industries or those preparingfor such work are being offered thisquarter by the University College, ac¬cording to Dean Clem 0. Thompson.The United States Office of Educationis sponsoring the classes through itsEngineering, Science, and Manage¬ment Training program. The onlycharge is for class textbooks.Registration for two of the courses—“Basic Organic Chemistry” and“Theory of Sampling Applied to In¬spection Procedures”—is still beingtaken this week at the College, 18South Michigan Avenue. Classes inthe oth^ two, “Electricity and Mag¬netism” and “Beginning Statistics”,started Monday.Enrollment in these classes hasbeen filled. About seventy-five aresigned to take the course in electric¬ity, and enough more are expected sothat another section may have to beformed. The limit for this course inany event is 104.Two sections have already beenformed in statistics, each with an en¬rollment of sixty. There is a waitinglist of 100 who cannot be taken careof at present. Dean Thompson statedyesterday. He is now looking foradditional instructors to take care ofthese applicants.Further information on the courseswhich are not open to University stu¬dents, is available from Dean Thomp¬son at Midway 0800, extension 249.^ "i *1 IPage Two THE DAILY MAROON. WEDNESDAY. JANUARY 7. 19421. Traveling Bazaar^Mill Dauber Reveals HeHas A True LoveAlreadyBy RUTH WEHLANWeep, 0 ye womenof Chicago;..... .weep for Adonais—Passaic, NewJersey’s gift to the middlewest hasfound his true love in the wilds ofLouisiana. 17-year-old Milt Daubersays we can tell Mike Rathje, ShirleeSmith, Peggy Flynn Self, and anyother beautiful girls who may verywell be breaking their hearts overhim, that it’s no use. He has sworn tobe true to a beautiful 24-year-oldsouthern girl. What is it all worth,we’d like to know, with such men asAronson and Dauber no longer avail¬able?It seems to be a little too early totalk about people who haven’t re¬turned to school this quarter, be¬cause maybe they’re just late. We doknow, however, that Stud Ruml isback, with hair this time. Some cynicsallege that Stud’s new coiffure isachieved with the aid of black enamel,and they may be right. He won’t letanybody touch it. Andy Park is backtoo. The Coffee Shop won’t give himyellow slips any more because he lostso many last quarter. He is free towander in and out as he pleases, buthe must rely on his friends to getanything to cat. He is quite trust¬worthy, having paid us in advance forthe lunch he ordered Tuesday—sotrustworthy, as a matter of fact, thatwe now owe him fifteen centsDining at theAthens Cafe . . ....recently, we were somewhat sur¬prised to have Jim Hoatson appearin the doorway of our little cubicle,wine list in hand and a napkin overhis arm. In approved waiter-fashionhe offered to take our order for po¬tables and w(as quite unhappy whenwe said we had already drunk andwere ready for solid food. If the armydoesn’t get him, we predict a brilliantfuture as maitre d’hotel in some finerestaurant or other.The fraternities at George Wil¬ liams College certainly have strangeideas about rushing. The boys arevery much interested in social prob¬lems. we are told by a victim of theirmisdirected efforts at entertainingrushees. They had a hangup functionthe other night—first they went tothe 12th Street IC station; then theyinvestigated Hull House; the highspot of the evening was the countymorgue, where bodies were pulled outof their compartments for everybodyto see. After all this, they ate. Thatis, some of them ate. Our hero, whodidn’t enjoy cutting up frogs forzoology, told his hosts that if he hadever entertained notions of taking afraternity, things were all changednow. Then he went home to bed,looking green and feeling worse.Mystery Of The Week:What happened to the wedding atwhich Kay Chittenden was supposedto have been the central figure? Allwe know is that on the day beforethe scheduled event Kay was allready—reservations for the honey¬moon, complete trousseau. But thenext day there was no wedding ac¬cording to three usually reliablesources. This is the fourth time shehasn’t got married to two differentmen, and she’s so pretty, too. Alwaysloyal to our sex, we say: There issomething wrong with men.If anybody else got a Christmascard from Tom Clarage, we wish heor she would take us into a quietcorner and explain it to us. It wasblank on the front and inside was ablack and white sketch of three fig¬ures. a Greek lady in back, a littledemon in a bearskin with one and ahalf horns, and a righteous-lookingindividual in the foreground holdingthe other half of the brokenhorn. Underneath, in big black let¬ters were the words CHRISTMAS,CLARAGE. Maybe it was a symbolicpicture of virtue triumphant overevil, or maybe the stalwart gent wasdefending the lady’s honor. What¬ever it was, we didn’t understand it. There is a newsocial organization . . .... being registered with the Dean’soffice. Its title is the Midway PressClub and its members are anybodyfrom Chicago Who has ever workedon a newspaper—people like WallyAngrist, Warren I^rcell, John Gun¬ther, the Morgenstems—we could goon like this forever. Of course,Gunther and his ilk don’t know about. . . Morgenstemtheir membership yet, but they will.Any one member constitutes a quorumand the club’s chief activity is ex¬pressing approval of things to be ap¬proved, i.e. The Midway Press Clubapproves of w’hat the marines did onWake Island; The Midway Press Clubapproves of skating on the midway;The Midway Press Club approves ofthe Midway Press Club. There are nodues, no business meetings. HarryShubart is advisor and friend-in-need;now all they want is a sob-sister toact as house mother.Addenda: Dotty Teberg got a ringfor Christmas fi-om her man JohnnyDoolittle. Wyvern Joyce Maloney wasmarried to an off-campus man NewYear’s Eve.—— — Letter To The EditorHewitt Discusses Auxiliary ForInstitute Of Military StudiesSir:In( the imperative and long-delayedtotal organization of our nation’s re¬sources for victory, our University istaking its rightful place, largely bythe activities organized under the In¬stitute of Military Studies. There is,however, an element lacking which,while not perhaps absolutely essentialto national victory, would neverthe¬less hearten and make more effectivethe work of the Institute’s largestclass—the Battalion engaged in basicinfantry training.The lacking element could be sup¬plied by the organization of an Auxil¬iary to that Battalion on this campus.Such an Auxiliary could be organizedeither on a mass membership basisor by‘delegations from existing Cam¬pus organizations; this question canbe left to the actual organizationproces.s when, as, and if the Auxiliaryis composed.ValuableIts functions could be many andvaried, and extremely valuable. First,it could recruit members for the Bat¬ talion, not only on the campus butalso in the neighborhoods from whichour student and faculty come. Sec¬ond, it could advertise and enlist sup¬port for the Battalion on a city-widebasis, holding meetings, dances, per¬sonal interviews and other activitiesthrough the coming two quarters andthe succeeding school year. Third, itcould through its membership andthat of the possibly affiliated organ¬izations supply articles not furnishedthe trainees of the Institute, butwhich would be very welcome. One1 example comes readily to mind, as thewriter took part in the bivouac heldI at Mill Road Farms in Novemberlast: the weather was a mixture ofice, sleet, snow, mud and rain, sev¬eral of the trainees suffering fromexposure; we could have used—weshould have blessed the furnishers of—knitted scarfs of a length suitablefor winding around head, neck andchest. Surely there are enough knit¬ters on the campus and elsewhere toknock out a few hundred of these intime for our next tactical exercise,in the early part of February. To Be ExpandedThe Institute’s activities are in¬evitably going to be expanded, as itsleading role in the United States inthis sort of training is even now be¬ing nationally recognized. Some sortof auxiliary will very soon bo almostimperative. Organizational stepsshould be taken immediately; I sug¬gest that the Maroon call a campus¬wide conference to set up such anorganization. At this conference mightbe present representatives of the lead¬ing campus organizations—fraterni¬ties, sororities (all right, call ’emclubs), ASU, the Committee forDraftees organized last year (whereis it, by the way?), dormitories.Chapel Union, and other religiousgroups, etc. Some representative ofthe Institute (of the trainees as wellas of the Institute’s staff) should bepresent.I have talked to a few individualsabout this organization; all agreethat it is needed and should be speed¬ily organized.Very truly yours,William F. Hewitt(Department of Physiology)-BUY-★VWWWWWAAA^^W DEFENSEBONDS ★ Editorial—continued from page one)Other educators argue that abachelor’s degree should notguarantee any particular voca¬tional training but should indi¬cate that the student has a goodgeneral acquaintance with ourcultural tradition and with theimportant fields of scientificknowledge, and that he has beentrained to write and think clear¬ly.Hodge-Podge .But partially because of thesystem whereby two years werewasted, most colleges makesomething of an effort to com¬bine these two kinds of “educa¬tion”. The result has been ahodge-podge mixture of voca¬tional training and general edu¬cation. General education hasbeen too often sacrificed for vo¬cational training.Students who have often fin¬ished their general education atthe end of two years in collegeare forced to spend another twoyears in specialized study forwhich they may not be well qual¬ified. Spending this extra tw'oyears in the University is usual¬ly the only way in which theycan secure a degree.Where To'Begin?While most people admit theneed for changing the presentsystem, they are uncertain whereto begin making the needed ad¬justments. We think the univer¬sity is the logical and reasonableplace to begin making thesechanges. Under the draft sys¬tem students will be called toservice before they can finishfour years of college. We cangive these students the recog¬nition they deserve for the timethey have spent in the universityand at the same time begin a farreaching program of educationalreform.Now PracticableThe war has made far reach-Shows HowPolitical MudSlinging Began ing reforms in our educationalsystem not only theoreticanydesirable but also thoroughlypracticable. And we hope theUniversity of Chicago will be thefirst to show America the rightdirection in dividing generaleducation from vocational edu¬cation.7Jie VoiLf Tlh/iooiFOUNDED IN 1902The Dally Maroon la the offirial atiidentnewspaper of the University of Chicairo. pub¬lished morninffs except Saturday, Sunday, andMonday during the Autumn, Winter,' andSprins quarters by The Daily Maroon ’Com.pany, 6831 University Avenue. Telephonea-Hyde Park 9222.After 6:30 phone in stories to our printers'Che Chief Printing Company. 148 West 62ndstreet. Telephones: Wentworth 6123 and 6124.The University of Chicago assumes no re-aponsibility for any statements appearing inTTie Daily Maroon, or for any contract enteredinto by The Daily Maroon.The Daily Maroon expressly reserves therights of publication of any material appear¬ing in this paper. Subscription rates: $2.75 ayear. |4 by mail. Single copies: three cents.Entered as second class matter March 18,1908, at the post office at Chicago, Illinois!under the act of March 3. 1879.Memberf^ssociolGd Cblle6icilG PressDistributor ofGDlle6icile DibestBOARD OF CONTROLEditorialI RICHARD HIMMEL ChairmanJAMES BURTI.EROBERT REYNOLDSBusinessEDfiAR L. RACHLIN, Business ManagerRichard Bolks, Advertising ManagerEDITORIAL ASSOCIATESRobert Lawson. Nancy l.esser. Beata Mueller.Philip RiefT, Chloe Roth, Stuart Schulberg.Shirlee Smith, Marshall Pattullo andElisabeth Jane WatersBUSINESS ASSOCIATESGeorge Flanagan, Howard Kamin, RichardWallens. William Bell.Ellen TutUeNight Editors Nancy I.esserand Bill l>etwinHartford, Conn., Dec. 30... .Modernpropaffandists who attempt to teardown a man’s character by callinj? himby the name of an unpopular ^roupand then attributing to him allthe bad characteristics of thattfroup, are merely following a tech¬nique used in ancient Rome more thanone thousand years ago.This was indicated in a paper on I“Cicero’s Invective Against Piso,’’given today by Dr. Phillip De Lacy,instructor in Latin at the Universityof Chicago, at a meeting of the Amer¬ican Philological Association at ’Trin¬ity college.Cicero, greatest of the Roman ora¬tors, repeatedly attacked a country¬man, Lucius Calpurnius Piso, as anEpicurean, though he scarcely knewthe man and had no supporting evi¬dence.Read Swedenborg's"DIVINE LOVEAND WISDOM"lOc in paperat University and otherbookstores Now under-armCream DeodorantsafelyStops Perspiration1. Does not rot dresses or men’sshirts. Does not irritate skin.2. No waiting to dry. ^ Can beused right after shaving.3. Instantly stops perspirationfor 1 to 3 days. Removes odotfrom perspiration.4. A pure, white, greaseless,stainless vanishing cream.5. Arrid has been awarded theApproval Seal of the AmericanInstitute of Laundering forbeing harmless to fabrics.Arrid is the LARGEST SELLINGDEODORANT. Try a jar todaylARRID__ Atull•tore*•elllng toUut39< ■ J" In 10< aad S9^J«»)HYDE PARKRENT-A-CARSYSTEMNew Oe Luxe Plymouthi, Radio end Heater Low Self Adjusting Rates/or Pleasure, Business, Vacation, Weddings & FuneralsSpecial Commercial end Long Trip Rates Trips as Low as 3c par MilaDRIVE YOURSELF' NO MINIMUM GUARANTEE5330 LAKE PARK AVE. CHICAGO PHONE PLAZA 3397THE DAILY MAROON. WEDNESDAY. JANUARY 7. 1942 Page ThreeAnnounce Plan To Combine Work,Study On Six-Day Basis To AidStudent In Attaining DegreePlans have been made for establishment of a six-^ay week combining work and study, for students inthe College. 'The reconstitution of course schedules in the Col-Icpe will permit students in the first two years to speedcompletion of their studies while contributing to thenation’s war effort, it was explained.Three-fold PlanThe plans is threefold: arrangements are being madeto allow February high school graduates to enter theUniversity and complete up to a full year’s work by theend of the Summer quarter.The number of courses in the College offered in theSummer quarter will be more than doubled.Course offerings in the Autumn quarter will beplaced on a six-day basis so that two shifts of studentsmay continue their academic work and also take ad¬vantage of employment opportunities.The six-day course schedule will provide classes on.Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays for half of the stu¬dents who wish to work, the other three week-days be¬ing available for full-time employment. The other halfof the students will attend classes Tuesdays, Thursdays,and Saturdays, with the remaining days free for work.This arrangement will give the opportunity to attendthe University to students who otherwise would be un¬able to do so, and in addition it will free under-age.students to fill industrial jobs, releasing draft-age man¬power for war service.Increase Field JobsTo implement the provision for employment oppor¬tunity, the University expects to increase the studentsworking at Marshall Field and Co. to more than threetimes the present number and is also discussing plans with other firms interested in co-operating.The shifts in class scheduling will permit the Col¬lege faculty to work out improvements in instructionwhich a major schedule revision will allow. In additionthe greater flexibility will be helpful in the teaching offreshmen and sophomores, who have had to conform tothe class schedules of older students, designed to permitconcentrated research periods. In the language courses,for instance, many instructors welcome the plan, sincealternate days of instruction provide a more helpfulstudy opportunity than the customary class hours com¬bined with a long week-end.Classes will be continued on the present basis andwill be available to students not employed in thiswork-study program.The working arrangements not only give students be¬low draft age a special opportunity to play a role inthe national defense program while carrying on theirstudies, but also offer a plan for working students whichmay become a permanent improvement. In recent years,two-thirds of the University’s students have workedfor all or part of their maintenance. The Marshall Fieldand Co. arrangement, plus its projected extension toother firms, improves the working conditions of thestudents by giving them a guaranteed job under goodconditions for the full year, with a reliable cash incomeand a vacation with pay.70 Now Included In PlanOf the more than fifteen hundred students in theCollege, seventy now are included in the work plan, andnext year it is expected that this number will be in¬creased to between 250 and 300, with further increasesexpected to result from agreements with other com¬panies. Three-Fourths Of FallClass Aids In DefenseAccording to a survey which sam¬pled members of the graduating classof the University of Chicago, who re¬ceived their degrees at Autumn Con¬vocation, more than three-fourths hadmade plans for work contributing tonational defense. More than 35 percent of the men in the class plan toenter or have entered the armedforces of the United States, most ofthem in the medical corps.Of the sample, constituting morethan one-third of the graduates, 4 percent will begin work in defense in¬dustries, 16 per cent, principallymedical students, will continue theireducation at the University, 23 percent indicated plans to enter sometype of civilian defense work. LessCo-op(Continued from page one)There are several men’s co-opera¬tives on campus now, and many at¬tempts have been made at formingone for women, but this is the firsttime the movement has been success¬ful. The university women taking partin this venture feel that they willlearn a lot by running the house andby putting democratic living intopractice.Housewarming PartyThe group plans to have a housemother living with them soon, andwithin the next two weeks they willhave a housewarming party. Theticket of admission to this party willbe some usable gift for the house. than 24 per cent are uncertain of thepart they will play in national de¬fense.170 at ConvocationOf the 229 students who receiveddegrees, 170 were present at the Con¬vocation in, Rockefeller MemorialChapel, the remainder receiving theirdegrees in absentia. The survey in¬cluded sixty-three of the graduates,of whom nine were women.Nineteen members of the class, 35per cent of the men in the sample,will enter the armed forces. Ten ofthe twelve entering the medical ser¬vice will be in the Army or Navy med¬ical reserve corps, the other two en¬tering the Navy medical corps.Of other men entering militaryservice two will be in the Army aircorps, three in the Army, two othersin the Navy, and one in the technicalservice.Two of the graduates will becomechemists in defense indust ’es, a thirdwill enter the steel industry. One willbegin work with the U. S. Bureau ofMines.Medical Studies to be ContinuedSeven graduates will continue theirmedical studies. One will enter grad¬uate research in chemistry, one inphysics, and another in the LawSchool.Four of the fifteen graduates whoplan to engage in civilian defenseactivity will continue as field workersfor the American Red Cross. Two willteach physics, and one will train col¬lege students below selective serviceage to serve as hospital technicians.Two others will teach nutrition.Wirth Sees HistoricalImportance In EventsA plea for recognition of the im¬portance of local history was madeby Dr. Louis Wirth, professor of so¬ciology at the University of Chica¬go, at the meeting of the AmericanHistorical .As.sociation at the Stevenshotel, in Chicago.Leading American historians havei)oen too much concerned with thesweeping, grandiose themes of his¬tory—leaving the vital but “unimpor¬tant” history of small localities toamateurs and le.sser historians.It is impossible to achieve an ade¬quate understanding of the nation’shistory without a knowledge of localinfluences—women’s clubs, AmericanWar—(Continued from page one)nation of .spring vacation. Dean Brum¬baugh prophesied.The University has no need of suchplans because the quarter sy.stem haslong ago put it on a 12-month basis,.^lore work is now to be offered duringthe summer, particularly on the col¬lege level, to enable students to ob¬tain their degrees at the end of threeyears.No Compulsory Military Training YetPresident Hutchins said he had rec¬ommended to the War Departmentthat a course similar to that givenhere by the Institute of MilitaryTraining be made compulsory in allinstitutions of higher learning in the Legion, Elks, and similar local groups—which together form the nationalpicture, Dr. Wirth declared.The typical historian is usually re¬garded, he said, as one who “uses alarge brush and paints with boldstrokes on an expansive canvas.’’ His¬tory, like business, he said, is, to usethe words of the late Justice Brandeis,afflicted with the curse of bigness.country. Because this was part of agrand scheme based on the completehalting of enli.stments for the army,navy, or air corps, depending entirelyon placing men according to theirabilities rather than their desires andsince the government has rejected thispart of the plan, the recommendationhas not gone into effect.Therefore—“Basic military trainingwill not be made compulsory in theimmediate future,’’ Dean Brumbaughdeclared.CLASSIFIEDPrivate room and breakfast in return forstayinK niKhts with children. Near campus.Kann Dor. 7631.Attention Married Studenta. For Rent—Two-room furn. apt. Cooking facilities and elec,refr. Well-heated, sunny, clean, well-decor.Available now at $35. 6023 Kenwood. But¬terfield 9424.(iirl—room, board & pin money in exchangefor light services. Near campus. Callafter 6 P.M. Hyde Park 6004.Girl—private room, bath and board in ex¬change for light household duties. Closeto campus. Phone Midway 6225.To Prepare CiviliansFor DefenseRegistration is still open for the Fri¬day Evening Section of the PMTC*,the Chicago Plan for Pre-Service Mili¬tary Training. Make your applicationat the Information Desk.^Pre-Service Military Training‘ 'm; ^j-.- /-..;k^- .;.;qs-,f>^-,w;,,-nV'-THE DAILY MAROON. WE6n6S6aY. JANUARY 7, 1942' , ' . -Irirestling, Gymnast Seasons OpenAnd Courtney ShankenLast Year Of Competition' ' ^ ' ^nfident of a series of victoriesa Big Ten championship, the Ma-l^l^^iri^ii^.gynina-ats meet their first op-ponent, Purdue University, in BartlettQyjji Friday night at 8.. Purdue is strictly a dark horsethe sport is new there, and>they do not even have a coach. The'J‘^^;^P»^ue squad, in spite of this, haswho are giving Coach Ned Beyer.. '^ifwL'tvw sleepless nights.Pozer Coaches'. Walter Pozer is competing in four' "oujt.,of the five events as well aslaetii^ as coach and general managerfoi^nthe team. Co-Captain Seth Ander-Vajin is a former, member of the Chi-_ . Sokols, a crack grymnastic group.''^'Chni^ptain. Frank Cortese is a formerNew Jersey State YMCA ParallelMrs champion, while Ed Gruis is lastIllinois State High School|ehainpion, Fred Speyer, the fifthImcmher of the team, is described as...Mpeciaiist on the parallel bars,”|yx::0PPO^iPfir this unknown quantity^Friday night will be a galaxy of.stars headed by the Shanken twins,iCpurtney and Earl. Courtney is Na-lljplial All Around Intercollegiate£v(^nipion, while his brother, Earl, is'Rational Intercollegiate X,ong -horse...(chii^pion. These boys, who are inlast year of competition, areaitiong the top gymnasts in the■fi Three Sophomores InId^pporting them will be sophomoreabler Jack Berger, who is purelya. product of Coach Beyer’s training,SJimyDegan on the horizontal bar, six-f<mi; sophomore A1 Ross on the longhorse, Don Robertson, another six*: - footer, and another sophomore, Stan-‘jjey. Totura, on the side horse. Degan, Take ItFrom MeBy PHILIP RIEFFNight Editor-‘ ,'in addition to competing on the bar, the Maroon much^^■uiun.t— — au- the staff....wilt give an exhibition on the flyingcs. He holds a Central A.A.U. titlethis event.ww^wm ii w tm$ mmMeet TheAthleteSam ZafrosP/j(sEds. note: Flying won’t be a pm-time much longer. For word has justreached us that Sam is to enter the^^.^Afmy Air Corps before the month of'■fXiPliljanuary is over,)•v>, " Sam Zafros, captain of theyI,wrestling team, is a unique',;.8]^'cimen of the grit and stamina nec-V . -^sary to hold a commanding position' on a Big 10 squad. Coupled with thisessential, he has an untiring energyacademic efficiency. Both of these// \\ti^elds have developed normally forV ' him, proving again that athletics andstudying are two parallels instead ofSC ,’J|li^ergent campaigns.Fenger ManComing from a high school notedA' ^ for producing All-American athleticC'p ’ material, Zafros was the valedictorian^ of the 1938 Fenger High School class.; In recognition of his high scholasticattainment, he was awarded a Uni*. ■ * versity honor scholarship.■>, Beaming a broad smile that onesheds only when he is recalling anevent of particular self-satisfaction,Zafros recalled the day last year whenhe defeated the Inter-collegiate wres¬tling champion in the 136 pound di¬vision at the University of Pennsyl¬vania. Wrestling consistently in the I derive unique pleasures fromwriting. For me there is nothingmore enjoyable than reading my ownstuff in print, at the printer’s plant,in the cold hours of the morning.Of course, my brain’s child goesthrough the methodical, unapprecia¬tive hands of the Maroon’s Board ofControl, and it makes me wonder,sometimes, whether this thing I readin type is my legitimate offspring.Here they will cut a vital sentencefor the sake of space, and there someilliterate night editor will delete aphrase from my original lead para¬graph because (he invariably tellsme) “it is too emotional.”Unique PleasureBut a particularly unique pleasurecomes to me when I do my own nightediting. A miserable job, at best, be¬ing a night editor gives me a chanceto see that the words that I have putdown in such perfect order are nottwisted out of shape by editorialpencils.Night-editing means the loss of agood night’s sleep, and losing argu¬ments with the printer. In addition,I am especially sensitive to beauty inthe morning, and even an attractivefemale night-editing companion doesnot bring happiness to me as I fightthe cats and cock-roaches that occupymore completely O— ingSPORTSWith WERNER BAUMSports EditorCompulsory AthleticsSeveral years ago The Daily Ma¬roon had a plank in its platform ad¬vocating compulsory physical educa¬tion. The idea was dropped when thestudent body indicated that it wasdefinitely opposed to such action.Now we find ourselves in the midstof a war to preserve our democraticinstitutions. The army and navy, how¬ever, find themselves confronted witha younger generation lacking in physi¬cal education.Lamentation at HearingAt last week’s meetings of the Col¬lege Physical Education Associationand the National Collegiate AthleticAssociation Major Ted Blank, chiefathletic officer for the U.S. Armylamented the fact that it doesn’t takeas long to give a soldier basic military Zafros, Wrestling Captain,To Go To Army Air CorpsWeatherGood ForHockeyPerfect hockey weather greeted thewinter sport enthusiasts yesterday atthe first practice session of the quar¬ter. A fine crowd appeared for prac¬tice although a few men are still tobe heard from. Ralph Rowe, whowasn’t expected back at school thisquarter, is again in the spearhead ofthe aggregation.Terraqua, the new outing club, isforming plans to hold a housewarm¬ing party next Friday evening for thenew warming house adjoining the ice-skating rink under the North Stands.Working in cooperation with the out¬ing club, are the members of the ice-hockey team.Athletic Direetor Metcalf has an-Ride Doesn’t HelpThe ride down to the printer’splant does not help my temper, forprinters are notorious anti-collegepeople that never read the words theyprint.As I said before, night-editing isa miserable job. but there is some consolution. I get satisfaction from say¬ing to my co-night-editor, usually animpressionable novice, “here (handingher a page proof) you read my col¬umn; I couldn’t stand it.”Both Read ItSo both of us sit down and read thesame thing. She reads it because shemust, and I read it because my eyesinevitably stray to that spot on thepage.“It stinks.. .doesn’t it,” I say men¬acingly.“No,” she says, trembling, “it’sreally the best thing I’ve ever read.”Insincerity ?I squint through the one lone lightray carefully, to see if there is anymark of insincerity on her face. I amsensitive about insincerity in themorning.But she looks like an honest woman,and I put her compliment down tomy amazing literary style.With a comfortable, bloated feelingI continue reading my own stuff, movea misplaced comma lovingly, and thusspend the Maroon profits. The printercharges money for the slightestchange, unless a grand jury provesthat it was the linotype, and not theoriginal writer, that put the commawhere it was when I saw it. <Everything has been read, now,slowly, and the printer drags the pageaway. I restrain myself as best I can,and my child goes back to the rudehands of the linotype operator. training as it does to condition a soft i nounced that figure skating will beand undeveloped man for active ser-; one of the major events on the pro-vice. gram. Charles McCarthy and 'DorothyThe University of Chicago, due to I Burkholder, leading dance exhibition-the absence of any kind of a universal i *sts on ice, will be on hand. Alexathletic program has been turning out | will demonstrate some trickyan excess of soft men for years.. skating. The performers areKnowing that most UniverHity menwill face active service 8<Mjn and know-I Other events on the programing that these men must be physically include the grand march and gen-strengthened, I feel we should imme-' skating.diately institute some kind of athletic Practicing on Mondays, Wednes-plan w hich would cover most, if not nnd Fridays from 4 to 5:30 inalt, of the student body.Go to WorkOur administration should go towork at once on a plan under whichall of the men could be tested andclassified according to physical prow¬ess. Those who demonstrate seriousdeficiencies in strength, endurance oragility should be placed in a develop¬mental group. These courses shouldbe special conditioning classes withactivity adjusted to each man’s spe¬cial needs.For those men who do receive asatisfactory rating in the proposedtest, other avenues of physical devel¬opment are open.Physical Ed. CompulsoryI believe, furthermore, that physi¬cal education should be made com¬pletely and absolutely compulsory.Some authorities seem to feel thatsocial pressure can bring almost com¬plete support of the advocated pro¬gram. This may be true but I do notfeel that social pressure is appropri¬ate, even at a time like this. Consider¬ing the personality of many of thestudents, I feel that those who needthe training most will not be affectedby social pressure and will not wantto take advantage of a voluntary set¬up.Certainly Athletic Director T. Nel¬son Metcalf and the members of hisdepartment will be only too willing todevote the extra time and energyneeded to carry out the compulsoryprogram.Any action, of couise, is up to theadministration. I hope that they willact quickly and efficiently. the afternoon, the ice-hockey squadlooks forward with great anxiety tothe first scheduled game with ArmourTech on Wednesday, January 14.Emerson SpeaksTo Ecologists136 pound class, Sam is a product ofCoach Spyros K. Vorres, not havinggone out for the sport in high school.Showing fighting and spirited ability,he was awarded a major letter in hissophomore as well as in his junioryears.Business ManEnrolled in the School of Business,and majoring in accounting, Zafros,when asked about the possibilities ofthe present grappling squad remarkedthat although only three lettermenare returning, the team seems toshape up quite well in as much asmany experienced sophomores thathad shown great promise last yearare coming back this year.Flying is one of Sam’s favoritepastimes. He is a graduate of theCAA course offered here last year. BIG TEN STANDINGSW. L. Pet. Pts. Opp.Pts.1. Purdup 0 1.000 100 372. Northwestern 2 0 1.000 99 783. Iowa ..,.2 0 1.000 93 784. Illinois 0 1.000 5.5 405. Minnesota ....1 1 ..500 94 916. Indiana 1 .500 78 847. Ohio State ....0 1 .000 42 568, Wisconsin ....0 2 .000 74 939. CHICAGO ....0 2 .000 58 11710. MichiKan .. ....0 2 .000 52 76Saturday’s GainesNorthwestern at ChicaKOIndiana at MinnesotaWisconsin at IowaIllinois at MichiganOhio State at PurdueMonday’! GamesChicairo at WisconainPurdue at IndianaMinne8o>ta at IowaMichiKan at NoTthwesternlilinoig at Ohio State Since the early days of the theoryof evolution, scientists have discov¬ered that bitter competition as exemplified in the “law of the jungle”and the “survival of the fittest” isless important than co-operation asan evolutionary principle amonghuman beings. Dr. Alfred E. Emerson, professor of zoology at the University of Chicago and president ofthe Ecological Society of America,said recently.Dr. Emerson, delivering the presIdential address to members of thesociety, pointed out that throughoutevolutionary history individual organ¬isms competing among themselveshave tended to be swallowed up inthe formation of larger aggregationsin which the individuals became cooperating member.s.The survival value of this process,resulting in progressively largerunits of social orgahization, has beenthe increasing control over the ex¬ternal environment which it provided,he pointed out.Competition Important“Competition plays a tremendouslyimportant role in evolution, but thesurvival of the fittest does not al¬ways mean the survival of the strong,the predators, the parasites, or eventhe adequately defended organisms,”Dr. Emerson said.“Fitness may mean co-operationfor mutual benefit both between spe¬cies and within integrated intraspe¬cific populations, as well as betweenparts of the individual organi.sm. Co¬operation between parts of all livingorganismic units is a fundamentalbiological principle. Co-operation isnot an end in itself, but is the meansto the end.“The naked cell lived in less op¬timal conditions than did the cell ina group. Through division of laborand co-ordination between cells, theexternal environment of the single-celled organism became the internalenvironment of the multicellular or¬ganism.“Ecological communities developedwith interspecific integration whichproduced partial environmental con¬trol and a relative environmental sta¬bility for the individual organisms.Family Control. “Familial integration controlled theenvironment of the young, and the Coach Vorres is sadly looking for¬ward to Saturday. For on that dayhis depleted wrestling squad will openits season, not with one meet but witha double-header. The squad will trav¬el downstate to Peoria and Normalfor meets with Bradley and IllinoisNormal.The Army Air Corps had claimedthe services of wrestling captain SamZafros. A winner of the major “C”last year while competing in the 136-lb. class, Zafros is scheduled to beinducted on January 27. He i.s reg¬istered for the winter quarter, how¬ever, and may take part in Saturday’stussles.Also lost to the squad is minor let-terman George Balia who competedin the 121-lb. class last season. Balia’sstudies have caught up with him andhe has been declared ineligible.Staney GoneAndrew StaJiey, who wrestled in the155-lb. group in the past will not beback this season either. He also hasbeen called to the armed forces.In addition, Vorres lost two of hisbest men. Milt Weiss and Willis I.it-tleford, through graduation. Little-ford was captain of the squad andcompete<l at the 165-lb. weight. Weisswas the team's heavyweight. He isnow coaching at Antioch High School,Illinois, and may serve as a refereeat some of the Maroon meets.Only returning veterans are FrankGetz and Bob Mustain. Both hold theminor “C”. Getz will wrestle at 155and Mustain will' hold down theheavyweight position. Also competingwill be three numeral winners. HudMoran and Frank W’orbel are nowsophomores while Lenny Humphri-velle, a junior, has now regainetl hiseligibility. Moran will be at 1,55,Humphrivelle at 165 and Worbel willhold down the 175 spot.Position VacantThe 136-lb. and 145-lb. spots willbe taken care of by Bud Bates andDick Reynolds, respectively. The po¬sition left vacant by Balia is stillopen. As yet, Vorres has found noone to grapple in this weight group.Vorres has been informed that BobFinwall, a former Maroon captain andConference Champion in the 145-lb.class has been lost in Alaska, Finw'allwas in an army plane crash and thesearch for his body has been aban¬doned.family as a biological unit of greatimportance became established. Se¬lection in these cases was not work¬ing on the individual organism. Thepopulation was the unit of selection,much as the population of cells com¬posing the multicellular organism wasselected as a co-ordinated unit,“But the end was not reacheil infamily organization. More complexunits could more thoroughly controlthe external environmental fluctua¬tions. Men and insects have ac¬complished these feats through so¬cietal systems, and the fundamentalforces which have guided social evo¬lution have some identity eventhough the germinal stocks are wide¬ly divergent.Society Highly Integrated“What is most obvious at the pre.s-ent time, although the larger, inter¬dependent international world societyis already highly integrated throughcommercial, transportative and com¬munication systems, is that we havenot been able adequately to masterdestructive national or class competi¬tion. It is our hope that the discoveryby the social scientists of the mechan¬isms and details of co-operative socialorganization will ultimately enablemankind to evolve beyond this presentphase with its inefficiency and misery.“Within insect societies social in-traspecifie class or colony wars arepractically non-existent, and this dil-ference from men is correlated withthe slow evolution of germinal her¬edity of social traits among insectsand the rapid evolution of socialheredity through symbols and learn¬ing among men. It is to be expt?cte<lthat our aggressive tendencies willbe directed into constructive channelsleading to greater social and biolog¬ical inefficiency in time.”Athletic Director Metcalf willaddress members of the track teamat four today in the Bartlett Tro¬phy Room. Anyone interested initack is invited. - -U I