I \ It III I t 11111ill' \ 11 PI\HUH11,1\ I \\1111VOLUME 84, NUMBER 3 FEBRUARY 199216202430Cover: FEATURESIn the land of chrysanthemumsWith her new book, In the Realm of a Dying Emperor,Japanese-American Norma Field turns a critical eye to thecountry of her birth.DEBRA LADESTROThe hard part was getting downLast spring, Barry Rugo, AB'80, made it to the top ofMount Everest.PETER ROUTMANCeltic raysSparked by bright and shining objects from Ireland's GoldenAge, the Celtic Revival influenced art, commerce, andnationalism.MARY RUTH YOEFinding stories in the crowdAs ajournalist, Clara Hemphill, AB'74, has made a careerout of ''following the little guy. "JOE LEVINENorma Field, associate professor of East Asian Languagesand Civilizations, writes about "outsiders" in contemporaryJapan (page 16); photograph by Robert Drea. Inside covers:Harper Library as it appears in "The Unofficial Universityof Chicago Centennial ColOring Book"; art by Jeffrey Hesser,AB'91.2 UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/FEBRUARY 1992 ditors NotesEVEN THE MOST CASUAL PASSERBYsay, a mother hurrying to work afterdropping off her daughters at theirLab Schools classrooms-couldn't fail to notice the changes taking place along the firstfloor corridor of Judd Hall, home of the Department of Education.The wooden doors to classrooms and officesgleamed with new varnish, and a wide band ofdark maroon paint marched along the westernwall. Overnight, the swath of corridor colorblossomed into a walk-through exhibition.Once again, the harried pedestrian had topause, caught by the photograph of a youthfulBenjamin Bloom, the bright cover from a Funwith Dick and Jane reader, an 189Sletter fromJohn Dewey detailing the physical characteristics ("3 rooms in a private house, south exposure, quite a large yard, front, side &back") of the space he had just located for hisexperimental school, Each item forms part of''A Faculty Appointed to the Study of Education, 189S-1992," a year-long exhibit organized in conjunction with the Centennial byWilliam D. Pattison, PhB'48, AM'S2,PhD'S7, associate professor emeritus and director of graduate studies in the Departmentof Education.Pattison starts off a backstage tour by introducing himself as "an institutional loyalist,somebody with a long-standing operativeprinciple of valuing group life and taking veryseriously the value of tradition in the maintenance of group life. ""In the case of the University of Chicago,"he continues, "I'm not only an institutionalloyalist, I'm an institutional idealist." Theideal in question "is thought, cerebration, ra-tional discourse. "cAlthough Pattison quickly points out that theexhibit has a "great dependence upon the cooperative availability, good will, and receptivity of many other people," it remains verymuch a personal project, and he explains itsunderpinnings with enthusiastic attention todetail.Take the maroon wall, where a row ofplacards, "like metronomes, " clicks off the faculty roster at two-year intervals. "Do you noticeanything about the phoenix?" he asks. Thelarge illustration of the University seal looksregulation-issue, but the exhibit's designerhas reversed the image-letting the bird peer eagerly forward, "licking his lips," Pattisonsays with a grin, "at the great stuff to come."That "stuff" -oversized reproductions ofpages from seminal articles, dissertations, reports, and letters-chronicles Education's evolution from department to school to department to graduate school to department. Onshelves just below lie photocopies of the documents, ready for borrowing.The maroon wall represents only the tip ofan archival iceberg: a catalog of all department dissertations since 1900, course descriptions from 189S-96 on, a faculty bibliography, a photo gallery of familiar andforgotten faces. A third-floor classroom hasmetamorphosed into what" could be seen as aHall of Fame, " but which Pattison calls a "perennial thought stream": covers and contentspages from the department's influentialbooks, following Dewey's brand of Americanpragmatism through Charles Hubbard Judd'spositivism and into the present.One exhibit remains uncompleted, but itscenterpiece has long hung in the Judd Hallcommon room, surveying those who gather forconversation or coffee. The sharp blue eyes ofthe portrait's subject belong to Judd, head of thedepartment from 1909 to 1938. How the painting came to hang there has faded into the past,notes Pattison, much as Judd's "character andcontributions have, to almost everybody in thiSroom, totally dropped away. The name isthought to be the name of the building. Theawareness of the man is gone."Which brings up the department's other"icon," a bust of John Dewey, a fixture for SOlong that no one remembered its origins. Undaunted, Pattison tackled the mysteryeventually to discover that the bust not onlyhad a romantic and political past (for detail=see the exhibit, in the fourth-floor office thathouses the Benton Center for Curriculum andInstruction) but also a very public dedicatio?that coincided with the celebration of the U ntversity's SOth birthday.Pattison acknowledges that the knowledgeuncovered by his centennial "rediscovery ofthe past" may one day return to memorY'smists, but he keeps going. Chalk it up, he sayS,to "blind faith-with the emphasis on theblind." Then he adds: "And pleasure in theaCdcomplishment. " His pleasure gets sharewith those passing by.-M.R. y.ettersCredit where it's dueThank you for the kind profile whichappeared in the December issue["Doctor Do Right," p.43]. However,I must disclaim credit for organizing the lastrelief shipment to Byelorussia communitiesaffected by Chernobyl. Far and away, thegreatest work was done by Paul and SharonMoore of the aid group Citihope. Aftermonths of sustained effort, they found, coaxed, and gathered tons of supplies-and thenworked through the crumbling (former) Soviet infrastructure to ensure receipt by thehealth facilities and staff we work with. Theycontinue this work in the ongoing political andeconomic tumult, with several trips plannedover the next few months.ANDREW M. DAVIS, MD'80CHICAGOWritten proofOne of the benefits that the liberal artseducation offered at the U of C supposedly provides is that of formingthe student's character. Exposure to the GreatBooks and the Western tradition of philosophical inquiry should produce students who areopen-minded, tolerant, ethical, humane citizens ofthe world.In the October/91 issue, a letter from AlanWhitney, X' 49, ridiculed your magazine forhaving printed an event notice for the Gay andLesbian Alliance. Whitney's viciouslyworded letter offers written proof that a U of Calumnus can be at least as snotty, selfrighteous, and bigoted as anyone else.ALIDA M. JATlCH, AB'76CHICAGONo place for censorshipIt is always discouraging to read letters tothe editor of any publication that call forcensorship, but it is also disturbing whena member of the faculty of the U of C writessuch a letter, as Mr. Looby did in your December issue. I know that universities in generalare now under siege by those calling for theirown sort of political correction in ourthoughts and language, and know also thattheir ideas must be heard.But I had hoped that we had come, by now,some distance from Mr. Barry Goldwater's dictum that extremism in the defense of [fill inyour own political statement] is no vice. Censorship is a vice-an extreme vice-and hasno place in any community that takes the consideration of ideas seriously. "There is, " SaulBellow wrote in The Adventures of AugieMarch, "no fineness or accuracy of suppression, " an idea that Mr. Looby should considerwith great care. For my part, I do not wish Mr.Looby, or any other censor, to act as a shieldbetween me and ideas he does not approve of.Bad, even odious, ideas keep us all awake andon guard.MICHAEL GARDNER, AM'69CHICAGOThe rest of the storyYour readers may be interested to knowall that Madeleine Wallin Sikes (see"The Education of Madeline Wal-lin, " December 1991) accomplished after hermarriage. My information on MadeleineWallin Sikes comes from the papers herdaughter deposited at the Chicago HistoricalSociety and' the University of IllinoisChicago archives (which holds the Jane Addams Memorial Collection, of which Sikes'papers are a part). I have it at hand because Iam writing a biography of Jane Addams.The groundwork for Madeleine WallinSikes' volunteer career in social reform waslaid before she became Mrs. Sikes. She wrotean article about the New York college settlement while she was still an undergraduate atthe University of Minnesota. At Chicago, aschair of the Committee on Philanthropy of theChristian Union, she planned to visit HullHouse, to see what volunteer opportunitiesthere might be for University students. At herurging, her husband-to-be, George Sikes,took up residence at Hull House when he accepted a copyreader's job with the Chicag.oTribune in 1894, after completing his master'sin economics at the University. He was stillliving at Hull House and active as a volunteerin its activities when Madeleine joined himthere in September 1896 as his fiance.Madeleine only lived at Hull House forabout six months, until their marriage, but itwas an experience she never forgot. The workshe did was modest -just odd jobs like givingtours of the settlement to guests, helping thechildren make deposits in the penny bank, or CentennialSymposiumWOMEN INHIGHEREDUCATIONApril 3-4, 1992Ida Noyes Hall1212 E. 59th StreetFriday, April 3 (1- 7 pm)-1890-1930: Shaping undergraduate and graduate education.Two panel discussions byvisiting scholars.-Perspectives on women ineducation. Hanna Holborn Gray,Mary McPherson (President,Bryn Mawr), Ellen Futter(President, Barnard), andAdele Smith Simmons (Director,The MacArthur Foundation).Saturday, April 4 (9- 2 pm)-On Being a Woman at theU of C*. Discussion of the 1970"University Report on the Statusof Women" in 1992, withProfessor Emeritus BereniceNeugarten and current faculty,staff, and students.-Into the Future: Gender Studiesand Feminist Practice in theUniversity. Report and discussionof a new program in genderstudies, with a sample presentation on the Thomas-Hillcontroversy.-Lunch and theatrical presentation: Women at the 1893World's Fair.*Briefwritten reflections by alumnaewelcomed.The Symposium is free and open tothe public; advance registration andfee for lunch by March 15.----------------Please send me a detailedannouncement and registrationform for the Symposium on Womenin Higher EducationName _Address _City State _Zip _DayPhone _Return to Symposium on WomenOffice for the Centennial5710 Woodlawn AvenueChicago, IL 60637-1603312/702-9192UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/FEBRUARY 1992 3University of Chicago Alumni AssociationCentennial ForumsThe Alumni Association will bring the celebration of the University'scentennial to alumni and friends across the country this spring.You are invited to join the Lively interchange between expert facultyand informed audience, followed by a festive reception:"Back to the Future:Understanding the Soviet Collapse"Professors Sheila Fitzpatrick and John MearsheimerMinneapolis I St. PaulSaturday, March 7, 1992DetroitSunday, May 3, 1992""What's Happened to the Welfare State?"Provost Gerhard Casper and Professor Gary BeckerSeattleSaturday, March 21,1992PhiladelphiaSunday, April 26, 1992"Who's Afraid of the Fundamentalists?A "World Survey of Trends"Professors Martin Marty and Marvin ZonisMiamiSunday, April 26, 1992DenverSunday, May 17, 1992A Centennial Forum will be held in Boston on May 2with speakers and topic to be announced.For information, contact Centennial Forums, The Alumni Association,5757 Woodlawn Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, (312)702-2150.4 UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/FEBRUARY 1992 typing letters for Jane Addams-but the people she met and the ideas she was exposed tothere intrigued her. She found Addams "really a cosmic individual, ... someone who usesthe greatest consideration in all her relationswith everyone." At Hull House she learnedabout child labor, prison reform, Tolstoy'sphilosophy of nonviolence, and immigranteducation, among other things.George Sikes and Madeleine Wallin weremarried in February of 1897. Their weddingreception was held at Hull House. Thoughwelcome to stay there as a married couple,they chose to set up their own home in Chicago. George Sikes eventually became editor ofthe Chicago Daily News and was active in municipal civic reform, serving as an aldermanfrom 1909-1910. He and Madeleine WallinSikes had two children.At the same time, through her involvementin a number of women's clubs, including theChicago Women's Club and the Woman's CityClub, Madeleine pursued her interests in education, child labor reform, and civics. Working closely with Jane Addams in the drive fornational child labor legislation, in 1900 shecompiled an invaluable summary of child labor and compulsory education state laws thatwas eventually published by the U.S. Bureauof Labor. For a time, she served as a directorof the University of Chicago SettlementLeague, the women's board that supported thework of Mary McDowell at the settlement inthe stockyards. Much later, she chaired theJoint Committee on Public School Affairs ofChicago and taught English and citizenship toadult immigrants in the Chicago publicschools.Mr. Obermiller's article leaves the impression that, once married, Madeleine WallinSikes-despite being active in "several charitable organizations" -basically embracedDr. Judson's view that the purpose of a woman's higher education was to make her "morewomanly" and "a good wife to a good man."But the evidence of her married life suggestsotherwise. She had always intended to gain aneducation to help society and it is clear froIIleven this short list of accomplishments thatshe made a difference in the larger world evenas she fulfilled her responsibilities as a wifeand mother. In 1894, before she became engaged to George Sikes, she wrote him urginghim to live at or near Hull House and asked,"Do you really understand my passion tomake a difference?" No doubt he came to, andwe should too.LOUISE W. KNIGfl1'ATTLEBORO, MASSACHUSETTSAfter the December issue went to press, th�editors found that, although decades of U111;'versity records show Sikes as "Madeline,she signed her correspondence "Madeleine."Where's Storr?I always thought the best book on the history of the U of C was Richard Storr's Harper's University [1966. The University ofChicago Press]. I saw no mention of this finebook in your recent centennial issue.MURRAY G. Ross, X'39TORON1O, CANADAMissing MississippiI do think you left Mississippi out of theUnion ["Extracurriculars," October/91]. Whatever your-and Mississippians' -politics, doesn't cartographical accuracy require you to show all the contiguous 48states, at least? Naughty!Most of my mother's family still lives inMississippi. They're not all ogres.CONSTANCE C. BRADLEY, AB'61UPPER MONTCLAIR, NEW JERSEYMississippians=but not the Magazine's editors-can take comfort in the fact that Alabama, Tennessee, and Kentucky also did notmake the map as south central states. -Ed.Acrotheatre alive!In "Hey, Kids, Let's Put on a Show!"(October/91, page X), you state thatAcrotheatre died after being in Life andLook. NO, NO, NO-it lived vitally on at theState University of Plattsburgh, from 1964until my retirement in 1986-21 years!Also, you never write up gymnastics: Chicago won the NCAA championships in aSport that's creative and artistic-far more sothan football.ERWIN F. ("BUD") BEYER, AB'39PLATTSBURGH, NEW YORKBeyer began Acrotheatre at Chicago, wherehe was gymnastics coach from 1942 until1955; as an undergraduate, he captained theU ole's gymnastics team for three years, capturing a record four gold medals in NCAAchampionship meets. -Ed.Another school of thoughtGabriel Almond's letter [December /91] reminds your readers that therehave been more "Chicago Schools"than the three discussed in the October essay.Those of us in the religious arena think thatour "Chicago School" has certain priorityover all the others.The University was built around a Baptistschool of theology, drawing its first presidentfrom that institution. That faculty had a distinctive slant which developed rapidly into awell-defined school of thought distinguished THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGOALUMNI ASSOCIATIONInvites you to join distinguished faculty and alumni friendsparticipating in the alumni travel/study programs scheduled fQrJ992. Centennial Study TripsEgypt: Ancient Landin a Modern WorldMarch 16-29Led by Professor Lanny Bell of theOriental Institute, the trip willexplore both the country's ancientheritage and its struggles as a modernIslamic nation. Included are a cruiseaboard the Nile Princess and a visitto Chicago House in Luxor to viewthe salvage archeology done by theUniversity's Epigraphic Survey. Mississippi River CruiseApril 15-25A riverboat c.r.uise. fr0j!mN.e. .. �.cs.to Memphis on the ���will study the�s nd i neeof the rive wt. i:ve. . ... g. eologist.Peter K rns and Barbara.s award-winning PBSentary Civil War wille on board to talk about theCampaign in the West.The Island Worldof IndonesiaMarch 28-April 12Komodo dragons, Barong dancers,the Green Revolution-we willdiscover them all in this spring tripto the islands of the Java Sea,Singapore, and Bali. Faculty leaderwill be Paul Griffiths, an expert onthe remarkable cultural and religiousdiversity of the region. Voyage to East Asia: Japan,South Korea, and ChinaMay 6-23Our cruise on the splendid newAurora I will visit three Asiancountries that are meeting thecultural, economic, and politicalchallenges of the West. ProfessorGregory Lee will share knowledge, he gathered living in Chinaand as a BBC broadcaster onFar Eastern affairs.In the Wake of Lewis and ClarkOctober 24-31Our autumn cruise on the Columbia and Snake Rivers begins in Portland and .explores the history, geology, and nature of the remarkable river system that playeda vital part in the opening of the American West. Our faculty expert will beAlfred Anderson, professor of Geophysical Sciences and an experton the fascinating geology of the region.For further information and brochures or to be added to our travel/studymailing list, call or write to Laura Gruen, Associate Director, University ofChicago Alumni Association, 5757 South Woodlawn Avenue, Chicago,IL60637. 312/702-2160. . .UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/F:EBRUARY 1992 5Live Your Own Lifestyleat Casa DorindaCASA DORINDA is situated on an historic 48-acre Montecito estatenestled beneath graceful oak trees between the mountains and the PacificOcean. It offers active and gracious retirement living with comprehensivemedical care and freedom from household obligations.Casa Dorinda has 241 apartments ranging in size from studios to largetwo bedrooms, a splendid dining room, licensed health facilities and welltrained, experienced staff.For more .information, call or write Casa Dorinda admissions,300-C Hot Springs Road, Santa Barbara, California 93108, (805) 969-8011.Nrune_Address_______________________ State Zip _C2/92�A Superb Retirement CommunityLocated in Picturesque Santa BarbaraLicense #4217001606 UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/FEBRUARY 1992 by its commitment to the socio-historicalmethod. Its strong orientation toward the social gospel led the theological faculty to emphasize the social sciences and especially sociology. This support was one of the reasonsthat the social sciences emerged so stronglyand so distinctively at Chicago.The "Chicago School" in theology developed from the socio-historical method to aradical empirical one, and from that to a more'philosophical style, informed especially byAlfred North Whitehead and Charles Hartshorne. All three phases of this school continue to be influential in North America, and itsthird phase, often called "process theology, "is known internationally.JOHN B. COBB, JR., AM'49, PHD'52CLAREMONT, CALIFORNIACalling Maroon alumniThe student newspaper is celebratingthe Centennial with a reunion duringthe alumni weekend in June. We havemany exciting plans, including an eveningboat cruise and a presentation of the history ofthe newspaper.Any Maroon alumni who are interested incoming to the reunion, helping plan theevents, or simply sharing memories with the"Maroon Historian," give us a call at 312/702-1403. Or write us at 1212 E. 59th St.,Suite 305, Chicago, IL 60637, Attention:Alumni Reunion.JULIA ANGWIN, EDITOR-IN-CHIEFTHE CHICAGO MAROONA line on AxlineI am doing research on the life and worksof Dr. Virginia Axline. I would be grateful if anyone who knew her could contactme, in care of the Division of Teacher Education, Sam Houston State University, Huntsville, TX 77341, 409/294-1139.A pioneer in nondirective play therapy, Dr.Virginia Axline joined the University of Chicago Counseling Center in 1945, andpublished her first book, Play Therapy, in1947. She died in Columbus, OH, in March.1988.DR. EMILyOBHUNTSVILLE, TEXASThe University of Chicago Magazine inviteSletters from readers on the contents of themagazine or on topics related to the University. Letters for publication, which must besigned, may be edited for length and/or clarity. To ensure the widest range of voices possible, preference will be given to letters of 50�words or less. Letters should be address/to: Editor, University of Chicago Magazine,5757 Woodlawn Ave., Chicago, IL 60637.EventsExhibitionsWhy Paint?, March 22-ApriI26. This exhibition offour Chicago artists-Judy Ledgerwood, Jim Lutes,Kay Rosen, and Kevin Wolff-addresses the traditionof painting from different perspectives. RenaissanceSociety; call 702-8670 ..The University and the City: A Centennial Viewof the University of Chicago, March 26-June 9. Thefinal historical exhibition in a series drawn from materials in the University Archives focuses on principalareas of research affecting the city-including literature, public education, urban sociology, and scienceand medicine. Department of Special Collections atthe Joseph Regenstein Library; call 702-8705.Vanished Kingdoms of the Nile: The Rediscoveryof Ancient Nubia, through December 31. The Oriental Institute offers an overview of the land and peopleof Ancient Nubia through items excavated between1960 and 1968. The objects document 4000 years ofNubian culture; call 702-9520.Imagining an Irish Past: The Celtic Revival,1840-1940, through June 16. An international loanexhibition which traces-through nearly 300 objects,including metalwork, ceramics, stained glass, and illustrated books-the beginning and dissemination ofthe last great 19th-century historical revival in thevisual arts. Smart Museum of Art; call 702-0200.LecturesNational Opinion Research Center Lecture,March 12 at 6 p.m. Andrew Greeley from the University of Arizona is the keynote speaker at this event,opening NORC's celebration of its 50th anniversary.Max Palevsky Cinema; call 753-7610.Issues in Contemporary Art: Why Paint? RecentPainting in Chicago, April 4-25 at 11 a.m. This series of Saturday lectures, presented in conjunctionwith the Renaissance Society's spring exhibition, addresses the claim that painting is obsolete in a computer and videotape society, and focuses on painting's relationship to society and humanity as art. Cobb Hall;call 702-1722.Henry Simons Lecture, April 7 at 4 p.m. RonaldH. Coase, the Clifton R. Musser professor in the LawSchool-and winner of the 1991 Nobel Prize in Economics. Law School; call 702-9629.Centennial Lecture: The Responsibilities of Scientists, April 9 at 5:30 p.m. Victor Weisskopf, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Breasted Hall; call702-9192.John Dewey Lecture in Jurisprudence, April 22 .Martha Nussbaum, Brown University. Law School;call 702-9494.The 19th Nora and Edward Ryerson Lecture:Ethnography and History, April 29 at 5:30 p.m.Marshall Sahlins, the Charles F. Grey distinguishedservice professor in anthropology. Max Palevsky Cinema; call 702-9192.American Council of Learned Society's HaskinsLecture, April 30. Geographer Donald Meinig fromSyracuse University opens the ACLS annual conference, held on campus in celebration of the University'scentennial. Max Palevsky Cinema; call 702-9192. THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGOALUMNI ASSOCIATIONin cooperation withTHE DEPARTMENT OF MUSICpresentsTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO1992 CENTENNIAL YEARCONCERT TOURSunday, March 15Northbrook, Illinois Monday, March 23South Shore, Long Island,New YorkSaturday, March 21Columbus, Ohio Tuesday, March 24Brattleboro, VermontSunday, March 22Princeton, New Jersey Wednesday, March 25Baltimore, MarylandThe 40-voice, a capella student choir will perform music frommany nations in the original languages, including works ofJ. S. Bach, Maurice Ravel, and the "Avinu Malkenu" by MaxJanowski. For further information contact: Motet Tour 1992,University of Chicago Alumni Association, 5757 SouthWoodlawn A venue, Chicago IL 60637.UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/FEBRUARY 1992 7The Best TiIneof Your Life isAbout to Begin.Breathtaking views ofLake Michigan ...This exceptional lifestyleawaits you at Hyde Park'sonly continuing careretirement community -Montgomery Place.Immediate access to the richcultural life of Hyde Park ...Exclusively designed forthose 60 and over,Montgomery Place features agracious dining room, safetyand security, scheduledtransportation and more!Beautiful apartment homes andhealth care under one roof ...Call today to schedule anappointment to meet withone of our housingcounselors. Don't delay -units are going fast!Mon!!;�ceHyde Park's' Only ContinuingCare Retirement Community(312) 288-33005550 South Shore DriveChicago, IL 60637Sponsored by the Church Home, a member of theEpiscopal Charities of the Diocese of Chicago.8 UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/FEBRUARY 1992TheaterThe Gigli Concert, through March 29. Making itsAmerican premiere at Court Theatre, this play byThomas Murphy details the relationship between afailed charlatan of an English mystic and an Irish millionaire who dreams of singing like the great operatenor, Beniamino Gigli; call 753-4472.The Man Who Climbed the Pecan Trees and TheProblem, March 6-7 at 8 p.m. University Theaterpresents Horton Foote's play about small-town Texaslife during the Great Depression and A.R. Gurney,Jr. 's play about a marriage kept alive by sexual fantasy.Reynolds Club; call 702-3414.The Deceitful Dean, April 2-4 at 8 p. m. The l00thBlackfriars production celebrates the U of C 's Centennial with a revival of this 1899 faculty- and studentwritten musical, which pokes fun at the U.S. 's involvement in the Spanish-American War, as well as keyUniversity figures such as John D. Rockefeller andWilliam Rainey Harper. Mandel Hall; call 702-3414.ConferencesNational Opinion Research Center Conference:The Frontiers of Social Measurement, March12-13. Participants will discuss historic innovations insocial research and the future of empirical social science. Ida Noyes Hall and NORC; call 753-7610.Pluralism and Objectivity in ContemporaryCulture: Departures from the Philosophy of Richard McKeon, March 13-14. Discussing the ideas andinfluence of the late Richard McKeon, dean of the Division of the Humanities from 1935 to 1947 and theCharles F. Grey distinguished service professor inphilosophy, will be such speakers as Walter Watson,SUNY at Stony Brook; Wayne Booth and DonaldLevine, the U of C; and Eugene Garber, JohnsHopkins. Classics Building; call 955-3U2.Imaging the Body, April 1-4. The ramificationsof imaging the body-aesthetic, legal, ethical, and social-will be examined, both in historical and moderncontexts. U ofC Hospitals; call 702-8082.Women in Higher Education in America,1892-1992, April 3-4. This conference looks at different approaches to the higher education of women inthe past century. Ida Noyes Hall; call 702-7990.Rhetoric Old and New: From Notker toNietzsche and Beyond, April 4-8 . Focusing on interrelations among rhetoric, literary studies, and the humanities, this conference looks both at and beyond theGerman strand of rhetorical theory and practice fromthe middle ages through postmodernity. Ida NoyesHall; call 702-8494.Academic and Professional Journals in theTwentieth Century, April 10-11. This conferencesurveys the roles of journals in major fields of scholarship in the 20th century, and contemplates the prospective role of electronic methods of publication. IdaNoyes Hall; call 702-7519.Symposium on Clinical and Experimental Hematology in Honor of Leon O. Jacobson, M.D.,April 13-14. Former students and colleagues will discuss the contributions of Leon Jacobson, MD'39, tocontemporary experimental and clinical hematology.University of Chicago Hospitals; call 702-1348.The Musical Culture of German-Americans:Cultural Identity and Ethnic Thought, April23-26. This international conference examines theimpact of Central European immigrants upon American music, with workshops and concerts. GoodspeedHall and Goethe Institute of Chicago; call 702-0514.MusicNew Music Ensemble Concert, March 1 at 8 p.m.Barbara Schubert directs-with works by U of C graduate students. Goodspeed Hall; call 702-8484. The Angel and the Devil, March 3 at 8 p.m. Violistda gamba Jordi Savall and harpsichordist Ton Koopman perform baroque music by Marais, Duphly, andForqueray. Mandel Hall; call 702-8068.Winter Concert, March 6 at 8 p.m. The U of C'sresident Contemporary Chamber Players present themusic of Jon Polifrone, Richard Wilson, and JavierAlvarez. Mandel Hall; call 702-8068.University Symphony Orchestra Concert,March 7 at 8 p.m. With Ruben Gonzalez of the Chicago Symphony as soloist, Barbara Schubert conducts aprogram of' Mendelssohn, Copland, and Leone,whose Fanfare for Orchestra was written for the UofC Centennial. Mandel Hall; call 702-8484.All Brahms Concert, March 8 at 8 p.m. Bruce Tammen, AM'74, will conduct the University of ChicagoChorus, with music featuring Liebeslieder Hilltzes.Rockefeller Memorial Chapel; call 702-8484.Patience, March 12-15. The annual Gilbert andSullivan Opera Company production to benefit themusic department. Mandel Hall; call 702-8484.Orpheus Band Concert: Ancient Airs and Dances, March 20 at 8 p.m. Sponsored by the U ofC Collegium Musicum, Kevin Mason directs music by Praetorius and Johnson. Bond Chapel; call 549-2969 .University of Chicago Motet Choir Spring Concert, April 5 at 8 p.m. The U of C Motet Choir performs mostly a capella music; this concert featuresBach, Byrd, Distler, Josquin, and Orlando. Rockefeller Memorial Chapel; call 702-8484.Tokyo String Quartet, April 10 at 8 p. m. Featuringthe music of Beethoven, Bartok, and Schubert. Mandel Hall; call 702-8068.On the QuadsHyde Park House, March 7-8. To celebrate theCentennial, this annual neighborhood-awareness andhome- improvement program will feature tours and architectural analyses of campus buildings. Social Service Administration Building; call 667-3932.Centennial Winter Weekend: Extinctions in theHistory of Life, March 13-15. University professorsDavid Raup, SB'53, Paul Sereno, and Peter Vandervoort, AB'54, SB'55, SM'56, PHD'60, guide discussions exploring the phenomenon of extinction as a factof life on earth, with lectures illustrated by films andslides of their work, and demonstrations on campufand backstage at the Field Museum. Call 702-2150.The Battle of the Monsters of the Midway, April18 at 2 p.m. This benefit for Special Olympics willcombine athletics and academics in a contest betweenthe U of C football team and the Chicago Bears to determine which team is truly deserving of the title"Monsters of the Midway." The contest will be broadcast by WGN. Henry Crown Field House.In the CityThe University of Chicago Centennial Radio Series, Tuesdays at 9 p.m. These special anniversarybroadcasts offer music and discussion from WFM'fand the U ofC archives, as well as events taped duringthe centennial year by the William Benton BroadcaStProject. Aired on WFMT, 98.7 FM, every TuesdaYexcept the first Tuesday of the month-when composer Shulamit Ran spotlights contemporary music.Motet Choir, March 3 at 12: 15 p.m. To bring tnecampus to the city, the University of Chicago and t�eCity of Chicago Department of Cultural AffaIrspresent the U of C Centennial First Tuesday Serie�,one of two such performance series. The Motet cnol<�will perform a cappella music at the Cultural Center,call 702-9192. !.University Theater Dance Studio, March 4 aSenoon. Part of the U ofC Centennial Performance tries providing free entertainment during lunchtime athe Loop. Daley Civic Center; call 702-9192.FOR THE RECORDRhodes to Oxford: GregoryGunn, AB'91, has won aRhodes Scholarship, whichwill allow him to study fortwo years at Oxford. Aphysics major, Gunn wasalso involved in UniversityTheater and the Organization of Black Studentswhile at Chicago. Gunnwas also offered a MarshallScholarship, but declined itto accept the Rhodes.Meanwhile, a graduate ofthe University Lab Schools,Jessica Heineman-Pieper,also won a Rhodes. She is asenior at Harvard. University takes steps to headoff possible budget crunchIN THE MIDST OF A CELEBRAtory year came a cautionarynote. In a December 9 memo tothe campus community, PresidentHanna Gray and Provost GerhardCasper shared their increasing concern that "the University's financialsituation may worsen" and outlineda plan of "preventive action to avoida crisis in the future." That plan includes the formation of a budgetaryand planning task force-and a temporary hiring suspension."The national economy has failedto recover; new regulations maychange for the worse the method bywhich the government reimbursesuniversities for research overheadcosts; and many of the costs wemust bear-for such things as financial aid, library books and serials,research equipment, and capitalneeds-continue to increase at afaster rate than the foreseeablegrowth of our revenues, " the memobegan. "We have concluded that ourcurrent budget situation could deteriorate quickly if we did not beginpreparing for much more difficulttimes.""The University'S financial situation is sound," Gray emphasized ina January interview with the University'S Chronicle. "But its budgetsituation is tight. We are takingsteps to avoid being driven by crises,and to be able instead to choose ourfuture direction based on ourstrengths. "Long-term preparations beganwith the Fall Quarter appointmentof the Provost's Advisory Task10 UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/FEBRUARY 1992 Force on Planning and BudgetaryIssues. The 12-member committeecomprised of faculty and administrators began meeting in January. Itsdirective: to examine the University's financial situation and the resulting implications for Chicago'sfuture. "It will ask what we want theUniversity to be like in ten years, "noted Gray, "and what we can accomplish and by what means." Thetask force's preliminary assessmentis expected by the end of the currentacademic year.As budget projections for1992-93 proceeded, Universityplanners also realized that the immediate potential for deficit growthwas great enough, as the memo putit, "to force reexamination of ourassumptions concerning rates ofgrowth in general and faculty size inparticular." Indeed, the University's 1991-92 unrestricted budgetprojects a $2.5 million deficit out ofa total unrestricted budget of $250million. While small in comparisonto the headline-making deficits facing 'some. other institutions, it maybe a harbinger of worse to come.The major sources of unrestrictedincome are tuition, indirect-cost recoveries, endowment and interestincome, and unrestricted givingand a sudden decline in any of thosesources is very difficult to replace inthe short run. Unrestricted revenues support most faculty salariesin the College, the divisions, and theschools (with the exception of theBiological Sciences Division andthe graduate schools of Business and Public Policy Studies), as wellas most staff salaries in the same academic units, and almost all of theUniversity'S central administrativeand facilities costs.To slow the rate of expendituregrowth in the coming year, Grayand Casper have asked deans to suspend faculty hiring for the 1991-92year: no new appointment initiatives will be approved without a prior demonstration of critical need.New staff appointments will be similarly curtailed.Budget planning guidelines for thecoming year were also expected tobe stringent. And the memo warnedthat other "corrective measures"may have to be contemplated. Because 75 percent of the unrestrictedbudget is spent on academic activities, Gray and Casper cautionedthat the University'S academic activities "cannot be granted immunity from further review. "Short-term steps and long-termplanning, the two administratorsnoted, will not eliminate the University'S financial exposure. Likeother research universities acrossthe nation, Chicago faces the prospect of further reductions in the indirect costs that the federal government allows institutions to recoveron research grants and contracts.(Indirect costs include such institUtional "overhead" as utilitieS,buildings, maintenance, librarYservices, and administrative services.) Further reductions, GraY"aand Casper warned, may havedevastating impact. "Already, the 1992-93 budgetpreparations mark the third year ina row that the U of C has planned itsbudget without an indirect-cost recovery rate from the federal government: a University rate proposalfirst submitted in December 1989has yet to be acted upon by the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), the agency whichoversees the University's federalgrants and contracts. The 1991-92provisional rate is 60 percentdown from 65 percent in 1990-91."Each point of decline in the indirect cost rate," the memo pointedout, "represents a loss of $550,000in revenue to the University."Several other factors make theindirect -cost picture even morebleak. If Chicago were to lose on allof the issues presently in disputebetween HHS and the University (such as the manner in whichlibrary costs are charged to research), the rate could go significantly lower-even without additional regulatory change.And when a final rate is negotiated, the University will have torepay whatever the difference maybe between that rate and the provisional rates of the past two years.Although reserves have been setaside for this repayment, Gray andCasper noted that "as the potentialrate appears subject to further decrease, we are less confident thatour reserves will be sufficient. "Gray emphasized that she did notexpect the current actions to altereither the University's need-blindadmission policy or class size in theCollege. She also noted that despitethe current economic climate, theCampaign For the Next Century isdoing well. Read on.-M.R. Y.Encouraging newsTHE CAMPAIGN FOR THE NEXTCentury-announced Oct.5, 1991-had by December31 reached $151.5 million, or 30percent of its five-year, $500-million goal. "The campaign is going well," President Gray told theChronicle. "It is moving ahead, notquickly but steadily."The $151.5-million total includes$66.6 million in new endowment,$5.1 million for facilities, $14.6million for additional featured ob- jectives, $59 million in expendable programmatic support, and$6.2 million through the annualfunds."An encouraging sign, " notes Warren Heemann, vice president for development and alumni relations, "isthe more than $33.9 million in valuable unrestricted and general endow- .ment received to date." -M. R. Y.Stigler's legacyOBTAINING LEGENDARY STAtus in a place brimmingwith Nobel Prize winners,George Stigler, PhD'38, left an indelible mark, both wide and deep,upon the University of Chicago.When, on Dec. 1, he died of heartfailure at age 80 [see "Deaths,"page 44] President Hanna Graycommented, "I can think of few individuals who have meant more to. this University or embodied it morefully."As a scholar, teacher, and alumnus, said Gray, "George's citizenship was extraordinary. He gave unfailingly of his time and counsel,and his humor was legendary. Hehelped make this University a genuine community and a better one." Stigler'S reputation is inextricablybound to the Chicago School of Economics that he and fellow NobelistMilton Friedman, AM'33, helpeddefine and popularize. Both mencame to Chicago as doctoral students in the 1930s, studying underthe movement's fathers, JacobViner and Frank H. Knight. Theidea most strongly associated withthe school is its belief in the freemarket's ability to allocate resources and distribute income. Begun in an era when Keynesianeconomics held sway, it is now adominant strain of economicthought.Stigler was a devastating opponentto the Keynesian school, basing hisarguments on the rigorous scrutinyof data. Indeed, he was one of thefirst economists to espouse the importance of quantitative analysis,holding fast to his belief that economic theory should be based onsolid empirical work.While he remained staunchly conservative and pro-business, Stiglernever compromised his research forpolitical gain or approval. In the1950s, he wrote scathingly aboutthe inefficiency of the largest American corporations. Stigler later refused to serve in a prominent posi- Food for th,ought: Thethreat of famine in theformer Soviet Union thiswinter is exaggerated,concluded a World Bankstudy team led by D. GaleJohnson, professor emeritus of economics. Afterspending three weeks inMoscow and Kiev, Johnsontold the Chicago Tribunein January that the end ofsubsidized pricing shouldactually improve the flow offood, although "there maybe spots where the Westshould be prepared" tosend aid.Also honored: In its December report on honorarydegrees awarded at October's convocation, theMagazine omitted thenames of two recipients.Harvard anthropologistStanley Tambiah received adoctorate of humaneletters. Aformer Chicagofaculty member, Tambiahis a leading authority onTheravada Buddhism.Cornell chemist BenjaminWidom received a doctor ofscience degree for hisadvances in the studies offluids and phasetransitions.Punt power: SophomoreJeff Stole was selected tothe First Team Champion,Division III, All-Americanteam infootball. Stolekicked 54 puntsfor 2,295yards last fall: a 42.5 yardper-punt average. Hislongest was a 72-yard shotagainst Kentucky WesleyanCollege.Canned response: In thespirit of the Decemberholidays and the Centennial-and in response to astudent initiative-theUniversity allowed studentsto pay their reserve andrecalled library fines withan equivalent amount ofcanned goods. The goodswere donated to the FoodPantry to benefit the needyin the Hyde Park-Kenwoodarea."Columbus, Chicago,and Me": An alumna hasoffered a prize to theCollege student who writesthe best short play aboutChristopher Columbus.A $500 prize, offered byAngel Ferrer, AB'57, willbe given to a play, "somewhat comic in tone, " thatsomehow connects thestory of Columbus with theUniversity. Deadline forthe scripts, which will bejudged by a committee offaculty and staff, is May I. Economist George Stiglertion offered by the Nixon administration, and labeled the supply-sideeconomics espoused by the Reaganadministration "a gimmick." Yet,wrote Harvard economics professorRobert Barro in the wall StreetJournal, "I have no doubt that hisinfluence on policy and practicalmen exceeded that of any economistwho has spent much time inWashington. "Outside Washington, Stigler wasknown to thousands of undergraduates as the author of The Theory ofPrice, the first modern textbook inmicroeconomics, published in foureditions. Stigler was also considered the preeminent modern authority on the history of economicthought. In his work, Barro wrote,Stigler "went beyond mere description of changing economic theoriesto analyses of how ideas actually influenced the work of followers andcritics. "As for Stigler's own influence,Barro believes his most lasting impact will be his research on government regulation. But it was Stigler'Stheories on the economics of information that caused the biggest sensation during his lifetime, leading toaN obel Prize in economics in 1982.At a press conference he gave uponwinning the Nobel, Stigler explained, "Up to the time I worked ineconomics, the standard assumption was that people had completeknowledge. But that, of course, isnot true. Information is hard tocollect .... "Stigler argued that it costs moneyto acquire knowledge, and that consumers and businesses would therefore choose to buy it in limited12 UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/FEBRUARY 1992 quantities, in much the same waythey purchase goods and services.The idea helped establish economics information as a key researchfield.In every area of his wide-rangingresearch, John Gould, dean of theGraduate School of Business, concluded, Stigler "showed us thateconomics was not a dismal science butrather an important and excitingway to view and understand theworld around us."When Stigler won the NationalMedal of Science in 1987, his lifelong friend Milton Friedman commented that "like his master, AdamSmith, George combines a distinctive literary style with a wonderfulsense of humor and a high degreeof scientific imagination andoriginality. "Stigler did not spare even his bestfriends-or himself-from hisdevastatingly barbed wit. A classicsample of his sense of humor can befound in one of his essays, as Stigleralludes to Mark Hopkins' vision ofthe model university- "a teachersitting on a short log and talking toone student." Stigler couldn't resistthe temptation to add that it might be. equally effective to sit on the studentand talk to the log.-T. 0.Maroonbook: willclarity triumph?JUDGE RICHARD POSNER RUNSdown a list of literary crimes ithas aided and abetted: passivevoice, vagueness, overuse of footnotes, rigid adherence to "everyoutdated rule of grammar you canfind." And lots of unnecessarycommas, "to slow down or perhapsstupefy the reader."The accused is A Uniform Systemof Citation, published by a consortium oflaw reviews led by Harvard.Informally known as the Bluebook,it weighs in at 343 pages and hasserved as the standard guide forwriting legal memoranda, court decisions, and law review articlessince 1926.Challenging the Bluebook's hegemony is the bantam Manual of Legal Citation. Also known as the Maroonbook, the manual was firstprinted in 1989 as a joint product ofeditors of The University of Chicago Law Review and The University ofChicago Legal Forum.The 69-page Maroonbook hasmade friends in high places. Posner-U.S. Court of Appeals Judge forthe Seventh Circuit and a senior lecturer in the Law School-was anearly advocate, writing his defenseof the Maroonbook alongside a devastating critique of the Bluebook ina 1989 article for Chicago's LawReview.A somewhat more impartial endorsement came last fall when theAmerican Bar Association releaseda new writing guide with a chapteron legal citations that the Bar admitsrelies "heavily" on the Maroonbook. The guide is distributed to allstate and federal appellate judges,federal district court judges, magistrates, and bankruptcy court judgesin the country.Donna Maus, executive editor ofthe The University of Chicago LawReview, explains the Maroonbook'sappeal. "Too much time is spenttrying to master the complicatedrules of style instead of concentrating on a brief's substance, " she says."We tried to spare authors the mundane task of spending hours researching citations-hours they cannow devote to writing."The Maroonbook emphasizesconsistency within a particularbrief, opinion, or law journal, butdoes not require its users to conformto the rest of the legal world. In contrast to the Bluebook, the Maroonbook's authors believe it is undesirable-if not impossible-to write arule for every citation issue 'thatmight arise. In sum, Chicago'Smanual leaves a large amount ofdiscretion to practitioners.Not everyone loves the marooncolored newcomer. Some fear itcould create more work by makinglegal writers decide for themselveshow to cite things, Others worryabout the loss of uniformity in a discretionary system. Yet, accordingto Douglas Laycock, a professor atthe University of Texas law schOOl,"this is the same defense that BigBrother offered for totalitarianism;freedom imposes responsibility."Using the Maroonbook, writersare allowed to replace legalisms andarchaic expressions with more sirnple, concise prose. For example,"the instant case" or "the case atbar" becomes simply "this case," Acontract is not "breached" but broken. Parties in a case are called bytheir proper names, rather than"appellant" and "appellee," or"plaintiff-appellant" and "defendant -appellee. "The Berkeley Women s Law Journal, The Supreme Court Review,and The Duquesne Law Review areamong those who have switched tothe Maroonbook style. But dozensof other law reviews remain trueblue: a new edition of the Bluebookreleased last summer is in its thirdprinting-and runs 100 pages longer than the previous edition. - T. 0.Round 45-Latkevs. Hamentascha split decisionTHE LATKES WENT FIRST. FIVEminutes after the debate, all700 fried potato pancakeswere taken. An equal supply of hamentaschen-three-sided, fruitfilled pastries-lasted a good tenminutes longer. Even the scholarsWho had moments earlier sung thepraises of the hamentasch wereSEEN EATING LATKES. Thosewho sang oflatkes were seen talkingto reporters.That should have settled the 45-year-old question: which is the superior comestible, the latke or thehamentasch? But no, not at the University of Chicago. After 20 minutes, persistent observers noted thatwhile there was not a crumb of harnentaschen left, many abandonedplates were covered with half-eatenlatkes. A high proportion of latkeeaters DID NOT CLEAN THEIRPLATES.The rush on the latkes, suggested ahamentasch fan, could be explainedby the power and eloquence of itspartisans, which far exceededthe evidence in favor, or flavor, ofthe latkes. But the same could besaid of the opposing faction. In fact,every Latke- Hamentasch Debateheld every year since 1946 on theTuesday before Thanksgiving-hasbeen stuffed with eloquence andonly sprinkled with evidence.The debate, which this yearbrought morethan 700 people into ahall that seats 500, began as a streetcorner argument between two emi- nent Jewish professors, the late historian Louis Gottschalk and anthropologist Sol Tax, PhD'35. The lateRabbi Maurice Pekarsky, founderand first director of the Hillel Foundation at the University, elevatedtheir disagreement into a formalaffair-an interdisciplinary academic forum-which Rabbi DanielLeifer, the current Hillel director,now bills as "the LongestContinuing Academic Symposiumin the World and Hillel's Contribution to the Life of the Mind and theStomach."The sty le of the debate stems fromthe Talmudic scholars' tradition ofspoofing their teachers duringPurim, the holiday that celebratesthe delivery of the Jews from themassacre plotted by Haman. Thesubstance comes from the sophisticated investigative techniques usedin diverse academic disciplines butapplied to the relative merits, or demerits, of two Jewish holiday foods:the latke, traditionally eaten at Hannukah, and the hamentasch, eatenduring Purim., "It's not just which tastes better,"explains Leifer, "but which is more significant. It's one of those interminable questions." Most of the obvious criteria were long ago examinedin detail. Biologists have comparedthe nutritive value of the two foods,sociologists compared their impacton social welfare, economistsweighed their relative value, mathematicians probed their geometry.Recent scholars refer to these nowclassic papers, for example, MartinFeder's 1989 presentation, "It Won'tBe Long Now: Prune Ingestion andGastrointestinal Sequelae. "The irregular focus of the debatehas led to some astounding andhighly controversial findings.While researching the history of violent acts committed with a hamentasch, forensic pathologist RobertKirschner discovered the long lostShroud of Purim , a burial cloth witha faint, hamentasch-like imagescorched on it by some as-yetundetermined process. Using electron microscopy, mass spectrophotometry, and carbon-14 dating,Kirschner was able to show that theshroud was no less authentic thanthe more-heralded Shroud of Turin.Similar discoveries peppered this Guiding lights: The Oriental Institute commemoratedthe 25th anniversary of itsDocent Guide volunteerprogram in the museum'sEgyptian and Persiangalleries Dec. 9. TheDocent Guide Program wasinstituted in 1966, and isthe second oldest suchvolunteer program in thecity. Today, nearly 100docents guide more than25,000 visitors annually onmuseum tours.Honoring royalty: President Gray presented aplaque to Robert Gwin,chairman and chief executive of EncyclopaediaBritannica Inc., on Dec. 5,marking the more than$100 million in royaltypayments the Universityhas receivedfrom Britannica since 1943. The resolution is in recognition of the"accomplishments andleadership of WilliamBenton and Robert Gwinand the directors" ofBritannica.Second term: GeoffreyStone, JD'71, the HarryKalven, Jr. Professor in theLaw School, was appointedto a second term as dean ofthe Law School. Stone, anauthority on civil rightsand the First Amendment,was first named dean in1987, succeeding GerhardCasper, who becameUniversity provost. Stone isthe second Law Schoolalumnus to serve as dean.The first: President emeritus Edward Levi, PhB'32,JD'35.Serial killers: The University Library plans to eliminate some serial subscriptions to cut expenditures by$200,000. The library hasbegun a two-year review of.its journals, periodicals,newspapers, and annualpublications, with the goalof cutting back 6.5 percentin total subscriptions.Barbara Van Deventer,,assistant director forCollection Development,said Chicago is among thelast research libraries tobegin such a program.Overall subscription costsfor major U. S. librariesincreased 52 percentfrom1985 to 1990, despite thecancellation trend.Shelton rememberedt-Thefirst Kathleen J. SheltonTraveling Memorial Scholarship was awarded to JulieJohnson, a third-yearPh.D. student in the artdepartment. Named for theassociate professor andchair of the art department,who died in 1990, thescholarship funds a yearof studies abroad forstudents to complete theirdissertations. year's debate. One participant disclosed that Machiavelli was Jewish,another that previously impenetrable passages from Finnegan s Ubkemake perfect sense when sung as amarch. Such bombshells were notunanticipated, for like everythingelse in the University's centennialyear, the 1991 debate was special.Banners adorned with abstract pancakes or pastries blanketed thestage. Trumpeters heralded the arrival of the combatants and foreshadowed attempts to sway thecrowd with musical numbers. Rabbi Leifer turned to the ancient technique of gematria-a venerated system of juggling figures to provewhatever needs to be proved-to reveal the cosmic and mystical interplay between latkes, hamentaschen; Hillel House, the Jewishcalendar, the Centennial, and assorted presidents of the University-including Hanna Gray, whowould soon become the first president to take part in the debate.Ted Cohen, AB'62, professor inphilosophy and a former debater inthe symposium, served as moderator, an entirely ceremonial office. Itis like that of "the Queen of England, " he explained, "or a text in theCommittee on Social Thought." Itrequired only the "silent grandeurof standing alone," expressing noopinions, and serving "to mediatethe aesthetic distance" between thebrilliance of the speakers and theaudience.In sharp contrast to Cohen's silentand regal grandeur, the first deb at -er, religious historian Wendy Doniger, got quickly down to businessand launched into a feminist versionof what was to become the evening'spervasive theme, the unending conspiracy to cover up the role of one orthe other delicacy. All pre-historicsocieties were matriarchies thatworshipped the feminine in theform of a hamentasch, Doniger asserted, until the Indo-Europeanmale chauvinist pigs trampled thesecivilizations and replaced the sacred hamentaschen with the profanelatke. In terms that effectivelydampened the appetites of bothsides, Doniger identified the rolledup latke with the penis and the hamentasch with the womb. Donigersymbolically bound up the potatowith the male's inability to bringforth, whether to give birth or to14 UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/FEBRUARY 1992 Stuffed with eloquence: After the annuallatke-hamentasch debate,audience members voted with their stomachs.eliminate wastes, and traced theprogression from the constipatingpotato's overthrow of the parturientprune to the Jewish obsession withlaxatives, "an obsession," whichshe 'graphically pointed out, "recurs obsessively throughout theHebrew Bible."As a faithful Irish Catholic, thered-haired and now red-faced Joycean scholar Frank Kinahan steeredthe discussion away from laxativesand managed instead to loosen upthe audience by pushing them intosinging a Robert Frost classic"Whose woods ... are these ... Ithink I know" -to the tune of"Hernando's Hideaway," a toetapping tango from the '20s. While this did little to advance the argument, it led, only somewhat unnaturally, into a ground-breakinganalysis of the disposition of JamesJoyce toward the latke and thehamentasch.Joyce was unambiguous in hispreference for the latke, declaredKinahan. Throughout Ulysses, thelife-affirming characters are associated with potatoes while the lifedenying characters cram theirmouths with pastry. The ultimatetribute to the latke, however, comesin the last line of Finnegan s Ubke,which reads, at least in some editions, ''A way a lone a last a love andtaters keep ever a long the" - "Justlook at the first letter of the itali-cized words," said Kinahan. Another passage on the same pageagain appearing only in certain editions-expresses Joyce's distaste forday-old hamentasch, the only typehe could afford. It "makes meseasilt saltsick," he wrote, "Habitually and meanly entering, nastytaste and so cold, harsh. " But theclincher was Kinahan's discovery ofJoyce's long-lost, undated tone poem to be sung to the tune of "MacN amara's Band." It read, in part:"Oh no, potatoes are the best/ Withonions when they're fried:/ Thepastry with the prunes was bad/ Iwished I could have' died."There was some initial concernthat the next speaker, PresidentGray, might end the controversy bysimply issuing a decree. But the remarkable foresight of the 1967Kalven Committee had closed thatoption, prohibiting the Universityfrom "taking collective action orVoices from the QuadsThe most effective way to reduce interest charges on ourcredit cards is by paying our bills ontime. This simple idea, however, isclearly too dangerously revolutionary in its implications for government ever to be suggested by ourleaders.-Michael Mussa, AM'70,PhD '74, the WilliamH. Abbottprolessor in the Graduate School ofBusiness, speaking at the 30th annual Business Forecast Luncheonsponsored by the GSB.In years gone by, medical students-and many physiciansdidn't need to know much abouthealth insurance. The physiciansdid their job, and then the insurancedid its job, by paying the bill. Thosedays are over.Now, medical students must understand that their future patientsmay be more concerned with theverdict of their insurance companythan with the verdict of their physician.-Former Surgeon General C.Everett Koop, speaking at an October conference on "The Future ofAmerican Medical Education: TheLegacy of Lowell T. Coggeshall."After 1900, Egypt nurtured inFreud interests in drastic contradiction to the faith of his fathers expressing opinions on the politicaland social issues of the day ... however compelling they may be. " Thusrestricted to neutrality, Gray officially praised both the latke and thehamentasch and welcomed them"to our diverse, pluralistic, and tolerant community of scholars, as wehave for a hundred years and as wewill for the century to come. "As a tenured history professor,however, she could say whatevershe wanted, and Gray's careful reexamination of key ancient and early modern texts, with particular attention to the mistakes and deletionsof squeamish and ascetic medievalscribes, presented a radical reinterpretation of Renaissancethought. "Forget the discovery ofthe world and of man," she said."They were hungry." Renaissancehumanism grew out of the revival ofthe latke, which was prominent inthe golden age of Rome. Particular-and even to the male orientation ofpsychoanalysis .... For Egypt wasthe land of primal mothers, phallicmothers, and of religiously expressed bisexuality. It touchedultimate-and even dangerousquestions of the psyche to whichFreud had devoted scant attentionbefore he fell under Egypt's spell.Historian Carl Schorske of Princeton University, delivering the first ofthe year's Centennial lectures, "Tothe Egyptian Dig: Freud's Encounter with Culture. "B ealth care is a fundamentalright for all people; it is notjust a privilege that is available tothe upper-middle class and the rich.The health care system in the UnitedStates today is in the midst of a rapiddisintegration. We have 35 millionAmericans who have no health insurance, 50 million Americans whoare only partially insured, elderlypeople who cannot afford the prescription drugs they need to keepthem alive. We rank 21st in theworld in terms of infant mortality .... And meanwhile the cost ofhealth care has gone up 15 or 20 percent every year. -Bernard Sanders,AB '64, U. S. Congressman fromVermont, visiting campus as a Mar-jorie Kovler fellow. ly revealing, she emphasized, wasthe curious silence of that master ofdeception, Machiavelli. "The olddeceiver, " chuckled Gray. He nevermentions his mother, Hannukah, orthe latke. "What does all this add upto? Machiavelli was Jewish," sheconcluded, and for the latke. "Hissilence makes that clear. "With Humanities dean PhilipGossett, who is nearing completionof a new critical edition ofthe worksof Giuseppe Verdi, the pendulumswung back to the hamentasch. U sing infrared spectroscopy, Gossettuncovered a series of alterations by19th-century censors of Verdi'soriginal manuscripts. A prohamentasch, anti-latke culinarymetaphor that originally dominatedVerdi's operas had been systematically expunged. "Everywhere asimilar pattern emerged," saidGossett. Even the famous chorus inLa Traviata, where gypsy menpound anvils and sing of gypsywomen, had been radically altered.The audience had the honor of singing, for the first time, the famousmelody with its original lyrics:"Whoever wants to eat well, let himeat hamentaschen. "Whether any of this changed anyone's mind remains uncertain sinceCohen, the moderator, requestedthose present to mark their ballotsand then throw them in the wastebasket. "There is no winning or losing," he said. "There is only thesymposium itself, going on, endless, like the study of the Torah, likethe University, like the world."What was certain was that hundreds of people showed up, no oneleft early, everyone laughed at agreat many things that were funny,as well as quite a few that were not,and by the end, most people werehungry enough to sample both.More important, a formidablegroup of people who are very earnest about scholarship had a rarechance to poke fun at their own highseriousness. "It was like a MENSAconvention," concluded Kinahan,"-at a borscht -belt resort."President Gray, quoting HannahArendt, suggested the perfect mottofor the debate. "I have yet to see anyproblem, however complicated,"she said, "which, when you lookedat it in the right way, did not becomemore complicated."-John Easton, AM'77 Linen heavyweights: Asreported by the UniversityHospitals' newspaper, TheTablet, the three patientcare units using the mostlinen in 1990-91 were:general operating rooms,108,879 pounds; radiologyand radiation oncology,100,624 pounds, and.theadult emergency room,99,496 pounds. Linenincludes supply sheets,surgical scrubs, bathtowels, thermal blankets,and "isolation gowns. "Cloud gathering: TheCenter for Clouds, Chemistry, and Climateestablished last year at theUniversity by the NationalScience Foundation-hasbeen extended to includeScripps Institution ofOceanography at theUniversity of Cali fomi a,San Diego. The center'sgoal is to understandclouds' role in regulatingglobal climate changes.Former University professor Veerabhadran Ramanathan will direct thecenter, with Frank Richter,SM'71, PhD'72, geophysics chairman at the U of C,serving as associatedirector.After six months of intensive work, the $2 millionrenovation of QuantrellAuditorium was completedin time for the start ofwinter quarter. The renovation allowed room for thenew Gerald Mast Centerfor Film Studies, named inmemory of Mast, whostarted film studies atChicago; and expansionof the Language FacultyResource Center, includinga new multimedia classroom, equipped with 20work stations.UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/FEBRUARY 1992 15BY DEBRA LADESTRO PHOTOGRAPHY BY ROBERT DREAON JANUARY 1, 1989, NORMA FIELD WAS INJapan, tasting her grandmother's traditionalNew Year's feast. "So much care cooked intoa pot," she would later write of the occasion,"rising in the steam and into our nostrils, infecting us in turn with attachment to theworld." The feast was an extraordinary one,not just because of the care cooked into the potbut because it occurred on the eve of a singularmoment in Japan's history: the death of theemperor Hirohito.Less than one month after Field, an associate professor of East Asian Languages andCivilizations, arrived in Japan in August1988, the country's 87-year-old emperor collapsed from abdominal cancer. On January 7,1989, three and a half months after his collapse, Hirohito died. It was the end of an era:the emperor, who began his 63-year reign as adescendent of the sun god, had renounced hisclaim to divinity and lost his sovereigntywhen it was transferred to the people in Japan's postwar constitution. Although he hadled his country through bitter fighting in theSecond World War, he was called Showa, for'shining peace.'In the weeks before his death, the emperorwas kept alive by daily transfusions of blood,and newspapers published daily reports ofthequantity of blood he vomited or bled from hisrectum. These death-watch reports served toreinforce what Field calls a "massively orchestrated exercise in 'self-restraint' orjishuku, a newly popularized word." Weddingsand neighborhood festivals were canceledduring the months the emperor lay dying.School races began without a pistol shot. And"cheerful" material in advertisements wascensored: a car commercial in which a famous actor pokes his head out of a window tosay" good morning" and "nice day" was edit- ed to omit the "nice day." "It was quite astounding and really quite frightening that youcould do that in a modern, thoroughly commercialized society, " Field says, "-that eventhe goal of selling wouldn't mitigate that kindof total censorship."Despite the daily reports on the emperor'shealth, Field found no attempt in the media,or even in people's conversations, to place theemperor's approaching death into an historical context, or to use it as an opportunity tocome to terms with the nation's role in the Second World War. In a way, she was not surprised. Japan's capacity for historic forgetfulness was one aspect of the society that hadlong frustrated her.Herself half Japanese, Field had come toJapan on sabbatical. She saw it as a watershedyear: either she would begin a new chapter ofscholarly pursuits on Japan, or she wouldclose the book altogether. "I found Japanesesociety difficult, and very painful, to witness-the oppressiveness of it, the demands ofuniformity."I didn't know how I could mobilize the energy and the commitment to continue to be ascholar in Japan, feeling as alienated as I didfrom contemporary society," Field says. Andyet, as a scholar, she had devoted her life to thestudy of its literature.The emperor's dying was such an allconsuming subject -the topic of everyone'sconversation, the front page of every newspaper-that she found it impossible to concentrate fully on her research subject: howJapanese literature, dominated as it is by poetry about nature, has been influenced by modern forces that alter nature. Instead, she foundherself thinking not only about the death ofHirohito, but also "the deaths in the PacificWar [as the Japanese refer to World War II] and the death-in-life quality of daily routine inthe world's most successful economy." That"meditation" began to take shape in the formof her encounter with three individuals whocalled into question the norms of the largersociety.For Field, their individual actions stood instark contrast to the self-restraint and voluntary censorship-what she calls "the repression of examination of the present" -that Japanese society as a whole practiced during theperiod of the emperor's dying. And it is thosethree people's stories-and her own reflections-that she reveals in her first nonacademic book, In the Realm of a Dying Emperor, published by Pantheon last fall."I wanted to write about these three people,their communities, and my own family, " saysField. "I felt these people understood profoundly the ways in which oppression robbedthem of beauty in their everyday life. And theywere very sensitive to that. So I wanted towrite about them and try to discuss theirthoughts in as beautiful a language as waspossible."The book-its jacket illustration featuringa botanical drawing of chrysanthemums,which Field chose to contrast with the stylizedversion of the same flower that serves as animperial symbol-has received wide attention. It has benefited from both good timing(published as it was in the 50th anniversaryyear of the Japanese bombing of Pearl Harbor) and favorable reviews in such places asthe Atlantic and the New York Review ofBooks. Field herself has been interviewedon Chicago public radio, and her work hasappeared in the Nation-exposure that she ishappy to receive.She purposely set out to reach an audience"beyond the academy, because I have felt aIN THE LAND OFIN HER NEW BOOK, IN THE REALM OF A DYING EMPEROR, JAPANESE-AMERICANNORMA FIELD TURNS A CRITICAL EYE TO THE COUNTRY OF HER BIRTH.16 UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/FEBRUARY 1992sense of claustrophobia about discourse inAmerica about Japan." A very small circle ofpeople write about Japan in the popular mediatoday, she says, and they tend to concentrateon a limited range of subjects: the economy,politics, trade. In writing her book, which intermingles autobiography and tales of everyday life in Japan with the stories of the threeindividuals, Field's work was quite a departure. "I wanted to throw my own two cents intothat great vacuum."A LARGE OIL PAINTING ON LOAN FROM THESmart Museum dominates Norma Field'soffice at the Chicago Humanities Institute. AJackson Pollock-esque smattering of cantaloupe, lavender, and yellow, it fills almost theentire wall behind her computer-topped desk.'n didn't choose it," says Field. "I had the option of liking it." Luckily, she does like it,very much. Like the pot simmering on hergrandmother's stove, it summons distantmemories-the colors, she says, remind herof a summer skirt her mother wore when shewas a child.Field was born in Tokyo in 1947, the onlychild of the marriage between an Americancivilian in the Occupation Forces and a Japanese woman whose family manufacturedblack-and-white postcards of Western moviestars. Her father abandoned the family whenField was seven, returning to the UnitedStates. Although she is an American citizenand attended American schools in Japan as achild, she did not step foot into the countrythat issued her passport until 1965, when shecame to Claremont, California, to attendPitzer College.As a schoolgirl and even as an undergraduate, Field says that she had no desire to studyJapanese because "I thought it was too familiar." She first studied the language formally(and learned to read and write it) at IndianaUniversity, where her husband was in lawschool..Her eventual decision to study Japan ingraduate school seemed necessary to herbut also risky. "I knew that if I didn't make anexplicit effort I was going to lose all contactwith Japan, " she says. "But I was also worriedthat I wasn't going to like the Japan I woulddiscover through formal study."She earned her master's degree at Indiana in1974, when she was 27. She didn't get herPh. D. (from Princeton) until almost ten yearslater and came to Chicago in 1984. In additionto her teaching-last fall a course on the medieval Japanese classic, the Tale ofGenji, in thespring an upper-level Japanese-languagecourse reading Japanese minorities-Field isassociate dean of the Humanities division andacting director of the Chicago Humanities Institute, a center for humanities work at theuniversity that takes an interdisciplinary ap-18 UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/FEBRUARY 1992proach to research. It's an approach that Fieldalso employs in her book.By American standards, Field is petite. Shehas a thick shock of dark hair, peppered by afew strands of gray, and round, dark eyes.Though decidedly brown-eyed, she says sheis often portrayed in the Japanese media as"blue-eyed," the code for identifying whiteforeigners.Her biracial heritage, she says, is one of thefactors that led her to write In the Realm, andone that also helped her achieve the book's intimacy of detail: "People can be intimate withme because I speak [Japanese] without an accent so they don't have to worry about negotiating with my language," she notes, "butthey can also confide in me because I'm notpart of their society. "The book also became a chance to examineher own insider-outsider status, Field says,with one of the frequent smiles that temperher quick-flowing conversation, and a way to"sort out the individuals in my own familyand the sacrifices they made having an odd- i. e., biracial-child that they tried veryhard, and often ingeniously, to conceal fromme."Field first realized this while living in Japanin the early 1980s, researching her dissertation. She and her family were staying with hergrandparents and mother. At the time, Fieldwas pregnant with her son and her daughterwas in kindergarten. Often, the daughter's Ceremonial mourning: Fifty-one pallbearers c(Jlfshe sees as the oppressiveness that lies beneath Japan's post-war societal success story."It requires something verging on madness tocall attention to the disappearance of freedomin Japan," Field says. "When the worldaround you seems, and is, on a certain level,safe and prosperous, and then to suggestthat things are quite otherwise, you have torisk being seen as a fool. "Yet what struck Field, reading newspaperaccounts of a supermarket owner fromfIELD: "1 WAS WORRIED TlIAT I· 'O\�G _1"V�:'TO LIKE T WASN T G SCO� y1iEJAPAN I waUL\) \)\young friends would come to play. "Mygrandmother said once, 'Look at how they allcome now.'"I just let that remark sink in. And suddenlyI understood." As a child, Field had only onefriend-the girl next door. "I always had thesense that other children in the neighborhooddidn't play with me because we were situatedabove them, and in fact it was because theywere unwilling to play with a biracial child. Ihad never, until I was 33, recognized that."Although Field arrived in Japan with a determination to make personal sense of modern Japan, and her experiences as an outsiderprovided emotional context for In the Realm,the idea for the book began with a trio of newspaper accounts. One story appeared in theNew York Times shortly before she departedfor her sabbatical year, and she watched theother two unfold in the Japanese press, mixedin among the daily reports on the emperor'sdeclining physical condition.In the three individual stories, Field found acommon capacity to speak out against what Okinawa, a widow from Yamaguchi, and themayor of Nagasaki, was not their temerity, butrather their very ordinariness. "They werepeople who seem so secure in their own community. And yet, they had the courage to acton the urgency that they experienced. Thecourage to act on a kind of desperation."CHIBANA SHOICHI OWNS A SUPERMARKET INthe village of Yomitanson on Okinawa. Soonafter she arrived in Japan, Field read of thebook he wrote about his experiences. In October 1987, at a national athletic event held in hiSvillage, Chibana had climbed up the flag poleand, with his cigarette lighter, set the RisingSun flag on fire. While the Rising Sun haSnever been declared Japan's official flag, it iswidely recognized as such; it is the samestandard that the country flew during WorldWar II. Chibana's defiant gesture also dated tothe Second World War: a reminder of Japan'soppression of Okinawa.Okinawa, the largest of the outlying RyukYuislands, has long held something akin to'PQ,[anquin containing Hirohito 's casket.second -class standing in Japan. It was not partof the nation until 1874, and, in World War II,it was the site of the Japanese army's last, losing stand against the United States. During theBattle of Okinawa, the inhabitants took shelter in the island's natural caves. There, manyof them-either forced by the Japanese soldiers hiding with them, or compelled by theirOwn fears-killed themselves and theirfamilies.Field chronicles some of those deaths in thecaves known as Chibichirigama, in Chibana'svillage: "A woman gave in to her 18-year-olddaughter's pleas that she kill her with her ownhands while she was 'still pure. ' The motherthrust a kitchen knife into the girl's neck.Next, a 25-year-old army nurse ... called herfamily together, confirmed their identities(for the cave was dark), and injected themWith the poison she kept in her kit. ""What happened in Chibichirigama inYomitanson is usually referred to as a shudanliketsu," writes Field. Although there arernany subtleties of meaning in the term, theneutral translation is generally "collective suicide." But for Field, for Chibana Shoichi,and for the survivors of the caves, the neutraltranslation seemed inadequate. "The deterrnination [to die] was made under duress, bothin the form of the presence of the two armiesand in the long discipline required for the production of Japanese imperial subjects. Forthis reason," she says, "I think of shudan jiketsu as 'compulsory group suicide. ' "It was Chibana Shoichi's sensitivity to thesuffering his fellow islanders experienced under the Japanese flag that led him to burn thesymbol, and to suffer the consequences: arrest, detention, and trial, as well as deaththreats, and the besiegement of his village byradical right-wing groups, enraged that anyone would dare desecrate the flag. IN THE SIDRY OF NAKAYA YASUKO, A WIDOWfrom western Japan, Norma Field found a'similar determination to put principle abovepersonal comfort. Nakaya'shusband, amember of Japan's Self-Defense Force, was killedin a traffic accident in 1968. Because Japangave up its right to wage war and keep a standing army in its postwar constitution, the SelfDefense Force, established at the initiative ofDouglas MacArthur at the outbreak of theKorean War, serves as the nation's armedforces. Three years after the accident, theSelf- Defense Force and a local veterans association in Nakaya's husband's hometown be-� gan proceedings to enshrine his spirit in theI local Defense-Of-The-Nation Shrine. In es-sence they declared his spirit a Shinto deity.I Nakaya, a member of Japan's tiny Christian1 minority, objected "unequivocally" to the..:: plans. But the Self-Defense Force and the vet-erans group went ahead with the enshrinement. In 1973 she filed suit, charging the twogroups with violating both her religious freedom and the constitutional provision for separation of church and state.In Japan, lawsuits in general are not a common undertaking. Nakaya's lawsuit tookcourage, says Field, because she was, in effect, rebelling against the state's use of herhusband to ensure a supply of future SelfDefense Force members. Field believes suchenshrinements-promising to the force'smembers martyrdom at death-are anothersubtle way the state creates obedient citizenswilling to sacrifice themselves for theircountry.In June 1988, after a 15-year fight, Japan'sSupreme Court overturned favorable rulingsfor Nakaya at the district- and high-court levels, ruling in favor of the defendants. Field,who read about that defeat in the New YorkTimes before her sabbatical, came to Japanwith the hopes of meeting N akaya Yasuko. "Iwas so horrified by the decision and I becameso intrigued by her as a person that I wanted tofind out more about her. "What Field found was a woman at peacewith herself. Although her husband was stillenshrined, Mrs. Nakaya told Field that it nolonger bothers her. "Mrs. Nakaya," writesField, "reclaimed her husband's death fromtheir [the state's] notion of use and service,and reclaimed it not only for herself, but foran imagined community embracing unborngenerations. "Indeed, N akaya 's voice had been heard. Shereceived a great number ofletters from fellowcitizens, a "community" of support that Norma Field found, and continues to find,reassuring.ID COMPLETE HER TRILOGY, FIELD TURNEDto the story of the mayor of Nagasaki, Motoshima Hitoshi. On December 7, 1988-the 47th anniversary of the bombing of Pearl Harbor and five weeks into the nation's imperialdeath watch-during a regular session of thecity assembly and at a press conference afterwards, the mayor admitted that he believed thedying emperor bore responsibility for muchof Japan's suffering in the war: "It is clearfrom historical records that if the emperor, inresponse to the reports of his senior statesmen, had resolved to end the war earlier, therewould have been no Battle of Okinawa, no nuclear attacks on Hiroshima and Nagasaki."For his statements, the mayor was publiclydenounced. Many people, says Field, objected more to the timing of his remarks than tothe words themselves. Conservative groupsdemanded he renounce his statements(though Motoshima himself has, as Fieldwrites, "impeccable conservative credentials") and his life was threatened-for his ownsafety his movements were restricted and hewas virtually confined to his home. He evensuffered a bullet to his lung in an assassinationattempt after Field's interview with him. Buthe has refused to recant his statements.In her book, Field reproduces much of herJuly 1989 interview with Motoshima verbatim, revealing a man who could be both drolland lively at a time when he was heavilyguarded and unable to move about withoutprotection. His words, however, had toucheda number of Japanese. More than 300 of theirletters to him-he received more than 7,300-were published in a book soon after the incident; by the publisher's account, only fivepercent of those letters were critical. Moretypical was the 85-year-old man who wrote,"Your statement came as a shaft of lightthrough dark clouds." Such sentimentstranslated into political support: in April1991, he was reelected for a fourth term asmayor-though by a very narrow margin.Field closes her book by writing about herfamily and her departure at the end of thesummer-a fittingly nostalgic ending to abook that begins in a similar vein. It is herfamily that brought her into Japan, and thestories of the three people she writes aboutthat allow her to stay.Her academic work has found a fresh focus:she has turned her attention to modern literature and Japanese culture in general. At thesame time, she has been able to reclaim herhomeland. In the Realm of a Dying Emperor,Field writes, is "an act of paying homage tothose who resist the comforts of amnesia andthe lure of fabulous consumption, who insiston thinking of the past and present againsteach other. "Her book has become Norma Field's version of her grandmother's care-filled andcarefully-stirred cooking pot. Through itspages, she has achieved reattachment to herworld.UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/FEBRUARY 1992 19The year is 1980. Tom Rugo, a26-year-old graduate of theUniversity of Chicago, is coleader of an expedition to climbBhrigupanth, a towering mountain in India's Garhwal Himal range. The goalis to take a new route up to the 22,220-footsummit, and the team of a half-dozen has already made it halfway up. In the early morning, as Tom prepares to emerge from a night inhis tent, the slope he is on suddenly avalanches, sweeping away his tent, his dreams,and his life.Fast-forward 11 years to May 15, 1991.Tom's younger brother Barry, now 32, isstanding on the knife-edged ridge just belowthe 29,028- foot summit of the sacred Chomolungma, the Tibetan name for Mount Everest:"Goddess Mother of the Earth." On his leftlies Nepal, 8,000 feet below; on his right, abreathtaking view of China, 10,000 feetdown. A few more well-placed steps, and Rugo had made it to the top of the world.The feat was a very personal triumph for thecabinetmaker from Boston, one of eight menon the first New England-based Everest expedition and one of only four team membersWho actually made it to the summit. Rugo, a1980 U of C graduate with a degree in art history, had previously climbed only as high asabout 20,000 feet in the South AmericanAndes range."Barry was, in fact, the only one of the eightclimbers chosen for the expedition who didnot have previous Himalayan experience,"says expedition leader Rick Wilcox, "whichis not completely unusual-most teams have avariety of experience. But it's a little unusual to go to Everest on your first trip to theHimalayas. "To grasp the difficulty of reaching Everest'ssummit, consider the fact that until 1953,when Sir Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay successfully ascended, the mountainstood inviolate, crushing 16 expeditions andclaiming the lives of at least 20 climbers.Since then, only 340 people, almost exclusively men, have joined the Everest fraternity.Dozens have died in the attempt, and hundreds more have turned back, downtroddenand defeated. "What makes Everest murderous," wrote John Hunt, leader of the 1953British expedition, "is the fact that its cold, itswind, and its climbing difficulties convergeupon the mountaineer at altitudes which havealready robbed him of resistance. "In Rugo's case, the challenge was more thanphysical. A climber since high school, he hadintroduced both his older brothers to thesport, which they quickly took up with enthusiasm. Despite the unavailability of majesticpeaks in Chicago-and despite repeated encounters with campus police- Rugo managed to find outlets for his climbing itch as aUniversity student, regularly scaling EckhartHall, Ryerson Hall, even Frank LloydWright's Robie House. (''Anything to try andkeep myself in some kind of climbing shape, "he now says with a"'shrug.) During breaks, hemade for the Rockies. But after his brother'sdeath in the Himalayas, Rugo lost his zeal formountaineering, limiting himself to rockclimbing. His other brother, Bob, completelyabandoned the sport.As time passed, however, Rugo found hisold love couldn't be repressed. In 1987, after Lasl spriDg, BarryRugo made illoIhe lop of Everesl.The hard pariwas gelliDg backdown.By Peler RoulmaDKillingfrost: The Khumbu icefall (opposite page) was the team's first challenge.No one knows how they'll react toEverest's extreme altitudes (top right).Of Rugo 's team (above left), only fourwould make it to the top. Rugo (above)crosses Khumbu 's largest crevasse.UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/FEBRUARY 1992 21Wilcox's application to climb Everest was approved by the Nepalese government-whichonly grants a handful of such permits amongthe hundreds requested each year-Rugo wasinvited to join Wilcox and Mark Richey, hisclimbing partners and close friends for a number of years. He accepted without hesitation,although his family-even his normally selfrestrained father-protested forcefully. "Forhim, that was quite a thing," says Rugo, "because he's usually fairly mum on most matters. But this one, I could tell, was particularlyunnerving to him. He thought that I was goingto meet the same results" -the same fate ashis brother, Tom.Rugo remained unflappable. It helped thathis wife, Rebecca-although very worriedwas very supportive. For one thing, he felt hewas a more experienced climber than Tomhad been, and he also had faith in the abilitiesof his fellow climbers. But behind his braveface, some doubts lingered as the day of theascent drew nearer. Of particular concern toRugo was Everest's extreme altitude: its topsoars two-thirds of the way through the earth'satmosphere, where pressure is low.Climbers differ sharply in their ability toacclimatize: reactions can include nausea,fatigue, headaches, even cerebral edema, ahigh-altitude sickness that can kill swiftly ifleft untreated. "Nobody know what theirbody will do at extreme altitudes," Rugo explains. "Some people get to certain altitudesand absolutely cannot go higher." Indeed,one member of Rugo 's team was so debilitatedby severe headaches that he was forced toleave the expedition.After months spent raising money for the$120,000 trip through corporate sponsors andT-shirt sales, the odyssey finally began lastMarch 1, when the team left Boston for Katmandu, the Nepalese capital. After flying toLukla, Nepal, team members acclimatizedgradually in a ten-day walk to the base camp,located 17,800 feet above sea level. Fromthere, they assaulted the Khumbu icefall, amoving mass of gigantic blocks of ice whosemany crevasses make for a dangerous climb,and established Camp One at about 20,000feet.With the help of fourSherpas, the next fewweeks were spent establishing three morecamps at higher altitudes and ferrying foodand supplies between them, all the whilebuilding physical endurance. The South Col,a saddle-shaped depression on a ridge, servedas Camp Four; at 26,200 feet it would bePeter Routman is publications coordinator for the Biological Sciences Division sAlumni Affairs Office and a correspondent forthe Times in Munster, IN. He received hisbachelors degree last spring from CornellUniversity.22 UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/FEBRUARY 1992the launch pad for attempts on the summit,just as it had been for Hillary and Norgay.After spending a day on the South Col, Rugo, Wilcox, Richey, and French Canadianclimber Yves LaForest (the rest of the teamhad returned to base camp, exhausted andsick) began their ascent on May 15, just aftermidnight, using headlamps to guide themthrough the uncommonly calm evening. Eightand a half hours later; LaForest and Richeyreached the summit. As they descended, theypassed Wilcox and Rugo, who approachedthe summit two hours later, at about 10 a.m.Reaching the final ridge, Rugo recalls howthe sun emerged from behind a bank of clouds-a visual image that was "absolutely magnificent. " On the top, an area only about" four orfive" feet wide and about 20 feet long, he surveyed the landscape of mountains, visiblehundreds of miles around. There was also,he remembers, a "tremendous wind" -testifying to forces of nature unlike anythingRugo had ever confronted. And the confrontation had only begun.R ugo knew what any experienced mountaineer knows, thatcoming down a mountain is often harder and more dangerousthan going up. But nothing inhis experience had prepared him for the de-scent down Everest ..Wilcox and Rugo started down from thesummit together, but Rugo, perhaps more fatigued than the others, lagged slightly behind.When Wilcox got to the South Summit-apeak 328 feet below the main summit -hecalled back to Rugo, who was about 100 feetbehind him. "Are you okay?" he yelled.Rugo looked up and waved. "I'm okay," hesaid. "I'll see you at the camp. Go aheaddown."When Rugo got to the South Summit aboutnoon, he sat down to rest. In the distance, hecould see storm clouds beginning to roll in. Itwas then that the reassuring hiss of his oxygenunit stopped.Running out of oxygen at 28,700 feetdoesn't mean instant death. But at that altitude, a given volume of air breathed containsonly a third as much oxygen as at sea level.Without supplementary oxygen, the body andbrain can be overcome by a fatigue so intensethat time and reality slip away, sometimes followed by a loss of consciousness. Indeed, anAmerican climber who attempted an oxygenless ascent to the top of Everest in 1988 reported hallucinations of chanting, purple-robedBuddhist monks near the South Summit.Fortunately, the expedition team hadclimbed without oxygen for all but the finalascent, and Rugo's body was better acclimatized than it would have been otherwise.Still, he was "unbelievably exhausted, " only able to manage about 20 steps before stoppingto rest. "But I wasn't having any problemswith the mental part of it." He remained calmand cognizant.As Rugo continued his slow descent to hisbase at the South Col, the approaching stormclouds he had noticed before completely engulfed him, reducing visibility to 30 feet andproducing snow swirls and blistering winds,up to 100 miles per hour. "The winds wereblowing so hard at that point that even Rick'Sfootprints of an hour before had completelyvanished," Rugo says. Without those prints,he was lost. And his three companions, already at the South Col by this time and exhausted from the day's climbing, were powerless to rescue him.In the heavy snow and wind, Rugo found hisway down to the final face leading tothe SouthCol. There he recognized rock buttresses hehad seen earlier in the day, and when theclouds lifted a bit he looked over to a ledge 00hisright. What he saw unnerved him: twiocorpses, perfectly preserved by the cold. (I-Ielater learned that they were probably the remains of an Alaskan couple left stranded 00the mountain a few years back. Such bodieSare generally left on Everest, as it is considered too risky to bring them back down.)Somehow, in that moment, Rugo managedto stave off uncontrollable panic. "If I fiodmyself in a situation that is getting out of hand ,I start to get a very businesslike and matter-offact approach," he explains. "It's really themost efficient way to get yourself out of trouble." Instead of dwelling on the image of thefrozen pair, he focused his attention on finding the final gully, the one and only way backdown to the South Col."It all hinged" on whether he could find thisparticular gully on his first attempt, Rugosays, "because ifl had to backtrack, it was really going to slow me down." More likely,Wilcox comments now, it would have killedhim. Rugo took an educated guess and starteddown one of the four gullies he had to choosefrom. As he descended, hours behind schedule, the clouds that had so obscured his routesuddenly parted."I could see all the way back down to theCol, which was about a quarter of a mile away.I knew I was in. I knew I was going to be allright. "Almost a year after the climb, it remains difficult for Rugo to precisely explain his motivation for climbing Everest, though he isn't soglib as to suggest "because it's there." Instead, he mentions "personal ghosts.""There was something about it-especiallyregarding my brother's death," Rugo says finally. "I just felt like there was something thathad been left unfinished. " Upwardly mobile: Rugo (top left)approaches the final ridge. At the summit(top right), he pauses for a pose with starsand stripes. Later, he encountered 100mile-an-hour winds. At basecamp (above),the climbers unwind-Rugo is secondfromleft. Rugo kept his climbing edge evenduring his college days (left).UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/FEBRUARY 1992 23n 1982, when Clara Hemphill,AB'74, was in Lebanon for theAssociated Press, covering themassacre of Palestinians in theSabra and Shatila refugee camps,she developed what she calls "apersonal obsession with countingbodies.""I used to think there was an objective truthout there-that you could find," says Hemphill, 38, a slight, animated woman whosethoughts spill out in rapid cadences. "That ifyou counted bodies long enough you wouldget a number. "We are sitting in an Italian restaurant aroundthe corner from the offices of her current employer, the New York tabloid daily, Newsday;she is stabbing absently at a piece of chickenon her plate. ''And so every day I would go outand count bodies" -she laughs, the highpitched, ironic laugh that accompanies hermost horrific stories- "and it was very draining and horrible work, but Ijust thought that Ihad some responsibility to the people there. Istill have those notebooks."She couldn't speak Arabic, but with the aidof a Palestinian driver-and a T-shirt that said(in French, English, and Arabic), "I'm aJournalist, Don't Shoot" -she interviewedanyone who would talk to her."I wanted to get as many eyewitness accounts as possible because everybody was lying-the Israelis were lying, certainly theLebanese government was lying, the Lebanese Army was lying. The Red Cross wasn'tlying, but they weren't talking much becausethey can't get involved in politics. So it wasone of those situations where the realgrassroots, local reporting was very important to get the word out. "In a sense, counting bodies-both dead andlive-has always been at the heart of howHemphill goes about her job. Whether covering a war in the Middle East, or organizedcrime in Sicily, or homelessness on the streetsof New York, she has avoided official sourcesand found her stories in the crowd. It's a method she says she picked up in the classrooms ofthe University of Chicago."One of the real eye-openers for me atschool was studying social history with BillSewall [professor in political science and history] and Don and Joan Scott and a couple ofothers who taught me to study the history ofthe unimportant people-to find out what the30 UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/FEBRUARY 1992great social trends are. As a reporter, I've really tried to use that -to adapt social history tonewspaper writing. Talk to the local peopleinstead of the kings and the prime ministers. Imean, that's hardly a wildly original idea onmy part. Certainly plenty of other New Yorkwriters, people like Jimmy Breslin, havemade whole careers on following the littleguy."Hemphill, though, has given the approachher own imprimatur. In Italy during the mid-1980s, first as a reporter for the AP and then asa producer for CBS television news, she be- came fascinated with the Mafia. But whereothers were describing blood baths and themight of the mob bosses, Hemphill concentrat�ed on the forgotten players: Mafia women."In Western Sicily, the Mafia had really wo�ven itself into the fabric of life. You couldn'tget into a hospital without mob help, yoUcouldn't register your kid for school."The state had sort of totally abdicated re�sponsibility, and instead of anarchy there wasthis new power structure. But at the same timethere was this rebellion going on against it,which was led mostly by women, and whicbskilysaid that the women had been sort of the silentpartners in the Mafia-they knew a lot, butthey didn't talk. And-what's that play wherethe women refuse to sleep with the men? Well,you know, in that same way, when they withdrew their complicity, they had an enormouskind of power. So that when the womenstarted testifying in court all these mobstersstarted going to jail. The women started having mass demonstrations on the street, and itwas that and a couple of other developmentsthat really took the mob down a couple ofpegs.' One Sicilian woman with whom Hemphillspoke at length was Letizia Battaglia, a newsphotographer whose stark pictures of gang violence had earned her a special notoriety indangerous circles. Hemphill later describedBattaglia's work in a piece for The Threepennyreview:"When a Mafioso is arrested, he will sometimes try to throw his Burberry raincoat casually over his wrists to cover the handcuffs; itmakes a more dignified photo, and figura, orimage, is all- important to the Mafia .... Thereis nothing dignified about the Mafia in the photos Letizia Battaglia and her colleaguestake. One photo shows a child coolly leapingover a river of blood. Another shows a boyhiding behind a friend and staring relentlesslyat a corpse in front of them. A third shows agirl playing dead as a friend draws a chalk linearound her on the ground like a detectivedraws a chalk line around a murder victim."Needless to say, wrote Hemphill, the photographer paid a price for her candor: "Herdaughter is married to a Mafioso. Miss Battaglia hasn't seen her for seven years. The Mafioso prohibits it. Miss Battaglia talks to herdaughter on the telephone every day, but shehas never seen her house, she doesn't knowwhat her haircut is like .... She has never mether grandchildren. She knows they scratchthe word 'police' off their toy police trucks -the word police is disgusting to them."Battaglia showed no hint of self-pity, Hemphill relates. But at one point in their conversation, Hemphill suddenly detected a catch inthe photographer's voice:"I asked her how you get people to cry oncamera and she said, Well, you ask them theright questions when you see they are about tocry ... .1 was just quiet, and she cleared herthroat and opened another pack of Gauloiseand we started talking about other things. "hen Hemphill was hired byNewsday in 1987, it was withthe understanding that shewould continue to write aboutthe Mafia with special emphasis on the localGotham affiliate. Instead, her eye was caughtby something she found even more alarming:the growing number of homeless people onthe city streets."It was the first thing that hit me when I gotback from Italy," she says. "I mean, therehave always been a certain number of bumsand drunks and addicts out on the street, butit was obvious that this was different, thatsomething pretty terrible was happening tosociety."Hemphill has come into her own coveringthe homeless. During the past five years, shehas written about welfare hotels, crack babies, single mothers, the plight of the city'smentally ill. Her efforts have won her the sobriquet "Miss Misery" from media criticEdwin Diamond (PhB'47, AM'49) of NewYork Magazine. Yet she has not been contentto make a career of writing sob stories. HerUNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/FEBRUARY 1992 31real quarry remains the social history, the explanation of the forces at work behind thetrends.In 1988, for example, she wrote a series ofarticles that helped debunk the myth that thegrowing presence of mentall y ill people on thestreets was the result of de- institutionalization-the state's well-intentioned but ultimatelydisastrous policy of closing many of its largestpsychiatric facilities. The articles grew out ofan "epiphany" she had one cold, drizzly afternoon, listening to the ravings of a streetcharacter known as the Ten Million DollarMan."He was this totally lunatic guy who'd beenevicted from an SRO [single room occupancyapartment] and was living under a bridge inCentral Park. People called him the Ten Million Dollar Man because he was always babbling about how someone had stolen ten million dollars from him-he'd been. fine untilthey stole his ten million dollars. I discoveredhim because I was riding around in a van withthis group called Project Reach Out, whowere trying to lure the mentally-ill homelessin off the street with sandwiches and coffee. "Hemphill later tracked down a housing lawyer who had represented the Ten Million Dollar Man years earlier and learned that therewas a certain truth in the man's story. The federal government, under President Reagan,had canceled his $400 monthly disability payments, along with those of about 14,000 otherNew Yorkers. Around the same time, the city,under Mayor Ed Koch, had begun offering bigtax breaks to developers who tore downSROs. As a result, New York lost between50,000 and 100,000 rooms in the space of afew years. Many landlords, anxious to sell tothe free-spending developers, used brutal tactics such as hiring thugs to harass their tenantsinto leaving the buildings. This, too, had beenthe fate ofthe Ten Million Dollar Man."The point is that de-institutionalizationstarted in the Fifties and accelerated in theSixties and was more or less done by 1970, butyou didn't see crazy people on the street untilthe early Eighties-so there was a period ofseveral decades during which the crazy people were managing on their own," Hemphillsays. "It wasn't until they started getting shafted by all three levels of government that theywound up living on the street."It's such a sick, cynical policy, if you thinkabout it" -the high-pitched laugh again"Cutting out a measly four hundred dollars amonth that some totally crazy person needsjust to get by. The poor guy has been living inthe park for years now, and they still can't gethim to go back into any kind of housing. He'shad it, he doesn't want anything to do with therest of the world."Joe Levine lives and writes in New York City.32 UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/FEBRUARY 1992With her blend of outrage, persistence, and shrewd cynicism, Clara Hemphill seems tohave been born to her profession, and in a sense, she was. Her grandmother was a war correspondent for the International News Service (later United PressInternational) during World War I, sailing toEurope on the Ford Peace Ship; her motherwrote for the Minneapolis Tribune and is nowa regional planner in Hampton, Connecticut,where Hemphill grew up."Both my mother and grandmother always 'gave me the impression that I could do anything I wanted," she says. "When I was 11, a buddy and I put out a kid paper which aufschool principal ran off on a mimeograph ma�chine for us and which we sold to our friends.We called it The Hampton Bust- 'KeepAbreast Of The News' was our slogan." Sbelaughs. "But I never really thought aboutjournalism as a profession until college, wbenI became active in the anti-war movement andI realized that nobody read my SDS leaflets,but if I wrote similar stuff in the Maroon,there was a certain rhetorical power there." dShe went on to become a Maroon editor a� 1a stringer for the Sun- Times while she was sttlin school. She graduated in 1974 and got ajobback in Connecticut, reporting for the Bart�This past OctoberHemphill left thepoverty beat for aspot on the boardthat researches andwrites Newsday'seditorials.Hemphill is often in meetings(below), arguing the issues of theday, but she still does her research by talking to the peoplethose issues affect. "�WTTW, may I help you?' And they'd say, 'Iwant to talk to somebody important.' So I'dsay, 'One moment, please,' and then I'd pickup again and say" -she drops down an octave-"'Hemphill, City Desk.' And they assumed I was someone important, and they'dtell me what was wrong."Her efforts went unappreciated by the audience that mattered most, however. "Basically, there were two of us vying for a real job,and this other guy played golf with the boss. every weekend. And you know, I didn't wantto drink or play golf - I just wanted to do myjob. So I was reduced to sorting secondhandbooks at Powell's, on the South Side, for threedollars an hour. "But hope was in sight. She had taken a standardized test given by the Associated Press,and gotten the highest score. The agency,which was then under court order to hire moreford Courant's suburban bureau in the seaside'vacation town of Old Saybrook. She spent the,next two-and-a-halfyears covering real estate.transactions, zoning commission meetings,and traffic accidents, eventually concludingshe was getting nowhere fast.She quit and went back to Chicago as an unpaid intern for WTTW public television, aglorified position which chiefly entailed answering the phones. "They called me The In�vestigative Receptionist, because there wereall these people who wanted to have a problem:solved by the TV station, but the producers:didn't have time to deal with it. So I'd answerthe phone" -she puts on a mousy voice= women, assigned her to its office in Providence, Rhode Island. "That was a wonderfulnewspaper town, a real reporter's dream,"she says. "You had a totally corrupt city government, a totally corrupt state legislature,mobsters everywhere, and kids from theRhode Island School of Design cutting up allthe time."Still, the dream job had its drawbacks. "Justbecause they were under court order didn'tmean they had to like me," she says. "Myboss told me at the beginning, 'Yeah, we hireda woman once-she got pregnant.' I had tomake the coffee every morning for the boys. "Hemphill suffered these indignities in si- lence, saving her energy for "screaming.fights" over editorial content. "There was thisone story about a man who had set up a company to do housework. That sounds so quaintnow in 1991-at least, I hope it does-but theeditor thought it would be really cute to have astory about a man who does the houseworkyou know, a Man Bites Dog kind of thing. I didthe story, but I refused to put the spin on it hewanted-how men really do housework betterthan women when they put their minds to it. Itwas offensive on a bunch of levels, and I argued it."Still, she will forever be grateful to the AP,because in 1980, when she was 26 years old,they gave her her dream assignment: a job inRome."I had hitchhiked around Italy with mybrother the summer after high school," shesays. "That inspired me to take Italian at Chicago. Everyone said, 'Hmm, Italian, soundsreal useful,' but it paid off."Much of the Rome job was desk work, picking stories off the wire and translating theminto English. "It was mostly routine breakingnews-soccer scores, chess matches, thePope gives a homily on Easter in five languages and you have to type it out. Let me tellyou, you haven't lived until you've typed a papal homily in German."But when something big happened-anearthquake, a train wreck, the 1981 assassination attempt on John Paul II, the war in Beirut- Hemphill would grab her notebook andhead for the action. "This was pre- Tandyyou know, pre-laptop-so you'd dictate yournotes back to the desk and they'd put it into coherent sentences under your byline."It was a lot of fun. When the Pope was shot,there was all this cloak-and-dagger stuffabout the Bulgarian connection-you know,to what extent was the Bulgarian secret service involved in the plot to kill the Pope? UUsthere a plot to kill the Pope, or was this Turkish guy acting alone? So I'd have these guys inthe Rome anti-terrorist squad calling me upand saying, 'I'll meet you in Harry's Bar atmidnight. ' "She went to cover the war; she went to Libya, and wrote about how al-Qaddafi was improving the position of women in society("He's done it for the same reasons Mussolinidid-he needs them in the workforce.").In 1983, she got herself transferred to NewYork because her father was ill. She editedwire copy on the foreign desk for a year, "onthe other end of the chess matches and the soccer scores." Then her father died, and shefound herself wondering what to do next."One night at a party, I was talking to thechief of CBS television's Rome bureau, whowas a friend of my brother's, and he said,'Gee, you know a lot about Italy, do you want ajob?' And I was like, this guy is pulling myUNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/FEBRUARY 1992 33leg. I'd had three months in television as TheInvestigative Receptionist at WTTW in Chicago. But it turned out they really did needsomeone who knew the language. "She went back to Rome and stayed for threemore years, working as an assistant and thenan associate producer for CBS News. Sheliked the traveling and the excitement, but shewas never entirely comfortable in the medium. "It was not a match made in heaven, " shesays. "I mean, I'm not one of those peoplewho dumps on television as being idiotic orsuperficial, but it's a different skill."Perhaps more importantly, Hemphill wasbeginning to think about her life and where itwas all leading. There was an addictive quality to the correspondent's existence; it was never boring getting called at midnight and hopping on the next plane. But it was dangerous,too; you could get used to having your life choreographed by world events, and. you couldstart to need the adrenaline rush that camefrom being dropped into a war or a disaster. Itwas easy, too, to overlook the fact that you hadno social life."I was 32, 33, and I was thinking, gee,wouldn't it be nice to get married, or at leasthave dinner with men-I mean, do I reallywant to turn 40 and, well, you know, I waslooking around at the people who were a littlebit older and unattached, and they were allsort of the stereotype: hard-drinking, slightlydissolute. And I was thinking that gallivantingaround the world wears a little thin. It's reallyfun in your twenties, and it's even really fun inyour thirties, but there's a point when youwant to come in from the cold."She applied to a number of newspapers backin the States, and was hired by Newsday in1987. She was married last June to RobertSnyder, a history professor at New YorkUniversity to whom she was introduced byher old teacher, Joan Scott. They took theirhoneymoon on the QEII, Miss Misery notwithstanding.Hemphill grins. "Hey, I like luxury as muchas the next guy."This past Octobe.r, Newsday gaveHemphill a promotion of sorts,taking her off the poverty beat andadding her to the five-memberboard that researches and writes the paper'sdaily editorials. She has her own office now,and spends a lot of her time in meetings, arguing the finer points of sludge dumping, birthcontrol in the schools, and other issues of theday. She misses the streets and the newsroom,but after all her time on the front lines, shealso seems glad for the chance to write aboutthings on a broader scale. It may well be thatshe will end up as a columnist, joining a dis:tinguished Newsday cast that includes JimmyBreslin, Murray Kempton, and Sidney34 UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/FEBRUARY 1992Schanberg. Still, the transition has not beenentirely smooth."It's a real change," she admits. "In a funnyway, I feel stripped of my voice. I was used towriting everything as the dispassionate, invisible observer. Now I'm supposed to putmy moral outrage directly into what I write,and I'm finding that it's a lot harder than Iimagined."One way she has negotiated that challenge isby getting out of the office and doing her research like a good, old-fashioned reporter.One afternoon in November, I joined her onthe second floor of an abandoned tenementbuilding on Manhattan's Lower East Side. Shewas interviewing Kenneth, a softspoken,muscular man in his late thirties; around us,there was a clatter of hammering , sawing, anddrilling. The building was under renovationby a program called Ready, Willing & Able,which treats homeless addicts and alcoholicsand puts them to work converting buildingslike this one into family apartments."This is a personal question and you don'thave to answer it, but can you tell me why youbecame homeless?""Drugs. Coke and crack.""Did your mother throw you out of thehouse?""She was the first one, yeah. I wasn't toonice to be around back then.""How much education did you have?""I'd been to high school. Then I was a dieselmechanic in the military, but I couldn't getwork when I got out.""Because you were black?""I can't say. ""So how has this program helped you?""Okay, see, my whole attitude has changed.I've stopped drinking and doing drugs. I personally feel today that I won't be so insecurewhen I go out and look for ajob, I have theseskills now I can put on a resume. And I'velearned how to get along with my supervisors.But the main thing is, I'm learning how to handle money. I wake up the day after I get paidand I still got my paycheck -that's a miracle. "One of the supervisors who has been listening in claps Kenneth on the back, grinning.''Ain't no miracle, man. That's why we payyou on Wednesday."The room breaks up in laughter. Kennethsmiles at the ribbing, but adds softly, "Don'tmatter when they pay me. I'd still hang ontothe money."Watching Hemphill, it's not hard to guessthat she has conducted this interview hundreds of times before. She asks her questionswithout awkwardness, tough but sympathetic, knowing the answers before they come.You can sense her cynicism, too; I had foundKenneth's answers moving-he seemed durable, reconciled, hopeful-but Hemphillshook her head after we left him. "Nice guy, but he's not too in touch with reality," she said.I asked her what she meant."I've got friends with Ph.D.s who can't findwork. I admire his optimism, but it's reallybrutal out there. There just aren't any jobs."We are walking along East Third Street now,near the Bowery, past empty lots with littleshantytown homes of cardboard and cellophane-structures that in another time would'have been called Hoovervilles. Hemphill tellsme that she is working on a book, the premiseof which is that New York today is very muchlike it was when Charles Dickens wrote aboutit in the 1840s. Then as now, the city was becoming a landscape of institutions, prisons,workhouses, orphanages, and asylums, places to stash the poor and the insane. The ideafirst came to her, she says, when she visitedthe overcrowded psychiatric emergency roomat King's County Hospital in Brooklyn anddiscovered a horror show that included patients lashed to cots and handcuffed to wheelchairs. Her argument is that American citieshave been re-institutionalizing people, not deinstitutionalizing them; opting to pay the construction costs instead of providing the basicsocial services that could allow them to survive in the world."Society is changing," she says, gesturingaround. "In the last ten years, a huge numberof jobs in the manufacturing base have justdisappeared, and they're not coming back.Jnstead, what we've got now is a two-tieredeconomy-there are jobs that pay wages youcan live on, and jobs like McDonald's thatdon't. And the only solution that I can seeis for the federal government to pick up thedifference. "Yes, she says, that does mean that she supports efforts like Ready, Willing & Able-buton mass scale, along the lines of the WorkSProgress Administration and other NeWDeal-era programs."Of course people say that we can't do thatnow, because we bankrupted our economYduring the Eighties with a huge deficit. WeIllbuy that, but only up to a point. We could stillcut huge amounts of money from the Pentagon and put it into re-building the infrastru-"ture- roads, mass transit, public buildings."We descend into the subway station at AstOrPlace; at the teller's window, a ragged womatlapproaches us for money. Hemphill shakeSher head apologetically as we move througbthe turnstile."I'm like everybody else," she says. "1'01like, 'Leave me alone, I'm off duty.' Sometimes I give money, but you can give or notgive, ultimately it doesn't make any difference. I guess I like the musicians-I alwaYSgive to the musicians. And I almost alway�look people in the eye and say I'm sorrythink you owe them that much. "nvestigationsPandora's BoxExamining a rare sample ofpure uranium, a Universitychemist and his colleaguesmay have upset the apple cartof particle physics.NEXT TIME SOMEONE SCOLDS YOUabout the "junk" you have lyingaround in cardboard boxes, mentionA.nthony Turkevich. The professor emeritus�f chemistry and the �nrico Fermi I�stit�tead such a box-and hIS recent analysis of ItSContents may help understand one of the mysteries of the universe.Inside a plastic bag in the sealed box was asample of pure uranium salt, stored away at�he University since 1956. (Turkevich boughtIt �ith some leftover grant money, thinking itmight come in handy in a future experiment.)Three decades later, Turkevich did find a�� for �he sample, with help from colleagues. anaslS Economou, a senior research assoCiate at the Fermi Institute, and George Cowan s .ti ' eOlor fellow emeritus at Los Alamos Na-lonal Laboratory. They wanted to see if they�oUld detect whether any of the uranium 238bad decayed into plutonium 238. That wouldU e a milestone: the first evidence for plutonip m.238 occurring in nature. That's why theC urltyofTurkevich's sample was so vital. Bet�U�e the uranium sample was stored prior to. e Introduction of man-made plutonium 238Into thsp e atmosphere by nuclear-poweredU acecraft, Turkevich knew that any plutonid rn he detected in the sample had been proo�ced naturally, and wasn't simply the resultMontamination.Pe .easuring their sample in a Chicago lab esra��ally deSigned for detecting low levels ofde/oactiVity, Turkevich's team did, in fact,cal�sc�, plutonium 238-evidence of what heme One of the rarest natural processes everdou��red,,, a form of radioactivity known asT e-beta decay.me�e experiment was only the sixth definitivesurement of double-beta decay. In normal Neutrino trail: Turkevich detected one of the rarest natural processes ever measured.beta decay, a neutron in the center of an atomdecays to a proton, creating an electron and aneutrino in the process. In double-beta decay,two neutrons decay simultaneously. In uranium 238, double-beta decay turns the uraniumatoms into atoms of plutonium 238, and therate at which uranium turns into plutoniumdepends on the neutrino's mass. It's a processwhich takes a million million times longerthan the more common alpha decay of uranium into thorium, Turkevich says.The plutonium in Turkevich's samplecreated by double-beta decay was only onepart in 100 million trillion (1020). That wouldindicate a half-life for the decay process of twobillion trillion years. But it was still 100 timesfaster than is predicted if the neutrinos had little or no mass. Turkevich said that the fasterrate of decay he observed could be explainedif neutrinos have a mass of about 14 eV (eVstands for electron volts). The idea endorsedby most physicists, that neutrinos have nomass, is a cornerstone of the Standard Modeltheory of elementary particles: those tiny bitsof matter assumed to be the basic constituentsof the universe.Eventhough the mass of the neutrinos determined by Turkevich is greater than predictedby the Standard Model, it's considerably less than masses recently recorded by some otherresearchers, who have found evidence forneutrino mass as high as 17,000 e V. However,efforts to duplicate and confirm such findingshave produced mixed results. Turkevich andhis colleagues delayed a year before reportingtheir own findings at an August conference ofthe American Chemical Society, to thoroughly check their veracity.Neutrinos are a ghostly presence in the universe-a billion pass, unnoticed, throughyour body in a few seconds. If they do havemass, even a little, it could have an importantimpact on physics. Not only would the Standard Model have to be extended, but somephysicists suggest that, if indeed they do havemass, neutrinos could be a major componentof the hypothesized "missing mass" of theuniverse-mass whose gravitational effectshave been observed, though its source hasnever been identified. The gravitational cloutof the missing mass is considered a criticalfactor in the evolution of the galaxies, and perhaps the entire universe.Leaving such speculations to the astronomers, Turkevich, a chemist, confines his conclusions to the matter, or particles, at hand.But he will go as far as to say, "Either theStandard Model is wrong and neutrinos haveUNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/FEBRUARY 1992 35Rosenberg: "It turns out Brown is irrelevant .... "mass, or people don't know how to calculatethe decay rates of such heavy nuclei [as uranium]."-T.o.The Silent GavelLIBERALS IN THE UNITED STATES HAVEmade a tragic blunder, says Gerald Rosenberg. They have wasted an enormous amount of money and talent pursuingsocial change through Supreme Courtdecisions.It's a blunder, according to the assistant professor of political science, because courts canalmost never be effective producers of socialreform. Rosenberg has stood this dearly heldview of the courts as agents for social change onits head in his new book, The Hollow Hope:Can Courts Bring about Social Change? (University of Chicago Press, 1991).Though he earned a law degree from theUniversity of Michigan, Rosenberg muchprefers the stance of a social scientist (he has aPh.D. in political science from Yale), and headopted that perspective to scrutinize severallandmark Supreme Court decisions over thepast 35 years, principally Brown v. Board ofEducation and Roe v. Uilde. Rosenberg's central question is this: Did identifiable and measurable social change result from these decisions, either directly or indirectly?A direct effect, for instance, would be thatschools desegregated in the wake of the Browndecision. Yet Rosenberg found that ten yearsafter Brown, barely one in 100 black childrenin the South attended schools with whites.If Brown had the kind of indirect positive impact it is assumed to have had, wouldn't oneexpect to find more media stories about civilrights portraying blacks more favorably? Rosenberg asked. To his surprise, a survey ofthe country's largest -circulation magazinesshowed an increase in coverage in 1954 butthen a drop, "which is crazy," he says. "Because you'd expect there to be a blip and then36 UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/FEBRUARY 1992sustained growth if it became part of the national agenda. And coverage in the South, ifanything, became more biased."Did Brown spur elected officials to supportthe Civil Rights Acts of 1957, 1960, and 1964?"I read the legislative histories and debates onthe Acts and I was stunned," he says. "It turnsout Brown is irrelevant. What is going on isparty politics." Support and passage of the1964 Civil Rights Act, Rosenberg points out,was motivated in large part by fear of violence-civil rights sit-ins and demonstrations hadincreased in intensity by 1963. "I looked atpresidential speeches, and they don't talkabout the courts; they don't talk about theConstitution; they talk about violence."Rosenberg also combed through accounts ofcivil rights leaders for mention of Brown as amotivating force. "It's stunning," he says."There are essentially zero mentions."Rosenberg's analysis of Court decisions onabortion and women's rights led him to thesame conclusion-that there was almost noevidence these decisions had prompted socialchange. In fact, his research revealed a provocative anomaly: while the efforts to litigatethat drained liberals of money and talent hadproduced virtually no measurable socialchange, the Court victories they did achieveserved to strengthen the opponents of suchchange. In the wake of Brown, membership inthe White Citizens Councils and the Ku KluxKlan grew. After Roe v. Uilde, the Right toLife movement expanded rapidly. Conversely, following the 1989 Webster decisions,which many saw as a threat to the abortionguarantees of Roe, the pro-choice forcesgained renewed vigor."I wrote the book because I thought it was animportant question intellectually," Rosenberg says. "What is the role of the Court in theAmerican political system?"His conclusion? "I think it's an institutionthat adjudicates disputes between parties.That's what courts do. It's an institution thatcan protect individuals, but liberals have asked it to do things it can't do." It's as if theSupreme Court has acted as flypaper, Rosenberg suggests. "It attracts all these liberalsand they get stuck there." -Debra ShoreDream MachineW HOSAYS YOU CAN'T TEACH AN OLDdog new tricks? University re- searchers, and colleagues at theCalifornia Institute of Technology; have proven that adage wrong. The old dog in this caseis the atomic force microscope.In a paper published in the Sept 20, 1991 issue of Science, Morton Arnsdorf, M. D., professor in the Department of Medicine, Ratneswar Lal, assistant professor of medicine,and CIT collaborators found that the atomicforce microscope (AFM)-until now usedprimarily for physical science and industrialapplications-can produce exquisitely detailed images of biological structures. Evenbetter, they found, the AFM can microdissect those structures."The AFM not only lets us see things wecouldn't see before," says Arnsdorf. "But itlets us watch even as we tinker with them."Invented in 1986, the AFM works on thesame principle as a phonograph. It's a smallinstrument completely computer-controlled.Its needle point, only a few molecules wide,travels across the surface of a structure pow�ered by the force of interaction between thestructure's atoms and the needle (hence thename "atomic force.") As it moves, the needle rises and dips in response to the structure'Ssurface. The microscope's computer calcu�lates the force required to keep the needle inconstant contact with the structure. A laserbeam detects this motion and sends the infor�mation to the computer which reconstructsthe surface topology in detail.The research team used the AFM to studygap junctions-the cylindrically shaped pro�tein structures that serve as communicatiollpathways between adjoining cells. That wor}{demonstrated the advantages of the AFM: illaddition to producing the highest resolutiollimages so far available, the microscope can beused to examine biological surfaces und�rnormal physiological conditions. The preVl�ously preferred method for viewing subjectS-electron microscopy-requires the subjectto be dehydrated. The team also found thatby increasing the force on the needle arro,they can peel away one cellular layer of thegap junctions to reveal extracellular surfaces."The atomic force microscope is my drear?machine," says Lal, operator of the Universl�ty's AFM. "In a nutshell, it gives us the fir�'opportunity to look at biological structures li�a natural [hydrated] environment. ... and 1lets us manipulate those structures."-D.L.lumni ChroniclePulling on a ShowThere will be lots to sing and dance about atCentennial Reunion on June 4-7-includingSome singing and dancing. To celebrate theCentennial, a cadre of volunteers, organizedby the Alumni Association, are producing amusical tribute to the University."Miracle on 59th Street" has been modeledafter the faculty revues popular in the 1940s,'50s and '60s. It was co-written by RobertAshenhurst, business school professor andUniversity marshal, and Edward Rosenheim,AB'39, AM'46, PhD'53, the David B. andClara E. Stern professor emeritus of English.The two have been hard at work for months onthe script, which includes original songs andold favorites.Linda Thoren Neal, AB'64, JD'67, a �ember of the Alumni Association Board of Governors, has lined up directors-RaymondCullom, AB'88, and Marcia Edison, AB'71,MBA'76-and a producer-Joanna Beu,AB'91. Bruce Tammen, AM'74, director ofthe Motet Choir, has offered to serve as music director. Joseph Flanagan, MBA'61, has donated graphic design services for the show'slogo. The play will be cast during winter quarter, and Neal is looking for help on all aspectsof production. ''Alumni, students, faculty,staff, even neighborhood friends are invitedto volunteer," says Neal.The show will be performed Wednesdaythrough Saturday .evening in Mandel Hall.Tickets cost $15, but can be purchased at a 10-percent discount before May 1. The AlumniAssociation encourages donations to coverproduction costs, and alumni who give an average of $10 or more per ticket will receive preferred seating. To order, call 3121702-4456.Centennial Syllabus UpdateAlumni whose appetites for serious thoughtwere whetted with the publication of the Centennial Syllabus-a list of 35 great booksselected by Common Core faculty (seeOctober/91, page 14)-will have a virtualfeast at Centennial Reunion. Special reunionclasses on selected works from the syllabus 'will be held on Saturday afternoon, June 6.Reunion-goers can sign up for any two of the90-minute classes. The classes, which will beoffered twice each, are: "Sound and Sense inEnglish Poetry: Milton, Browning, andYeats" taught by humanities and English professor David Bevington; "Plato: The Apology" taught by humanities professor HermanSinaiko, AB'47, PhD'61; "Freud's The Interpretation of Dreams" taught by Ralph Nicholas, AM'58, PhD'62, dean of the College;and ''Adaptation to Changing Environments:Past, Present, and Future" (readings drawnfrom Darwin's The Origin of the Species andIt s a Matter of Survival by Gordon and Suzuki) taught by ecology and evolution professorJeanne Altmann, PhD'79.Alumni who can't make it to the reunion(and even those who do) may have anotherchance to discuss the great books. The following alumni have offered either to lead or organize discussion groups in their areas. In theMidwest: Kate Buckley, 211 E. Walnut St.,Westerville, OH 43081-2309, 614/890-8276; Martin 1. Plax, 625 Hanna Building,Cleveland, OH44115, 2161781-6035; Paulaand Stanley Schrero, 602 Gregg Rd.,Northbrook, IL 60062, 708/272-6516; Richard Seyfarth, 1606 Spencer Ave.,Wilmette, IL 60091, 708/251-4358; RichardCharles Ford, 487 W. Webster, Muskegon,MI 49441,6061722-6723. In the East: JaneKoukal Myers, 9842 Singleton Ct., Bethesda, MD 20817,301/530-7840; Marcia Stein,19 Walden St. #1, Cambridge, MA 02140,617 /354-4680. In the South: Marilyn Meier,3456 Miseltoe Lane, Long Boat Key, FL34228, 813/383-4881. In the Far West: Alvan 1. Rosenthal, 200 Connell Ave, Apt. C-5,Missoula, MT 59801,406/543-8100.Call for NominationsThe Nominations Committee of the AlumniAssociation Board of Governors is seekingnominations for two-year (July 1, 1992-June30, 1994) appointments to the board. Nominees may be alumni of the College, a division,or a professional school. Particularly strongcandidates are those who have demonstratedan interest in the University through their continuing service and support, who are willingto attend both the fall and spring board meetings, and who are prepared to carry out association work, through participation on committees and in other ways, between meetings.Nominations should be made in writing andsent to: Nominations Committee, care of theAlumni Association, Robie House, 5757 S.Woodlawn Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637.Please include a paragraph or two on the nominee, citing indications of the nominee's pastservice and support of the University. Thedeadline for nominations is March 1, 1992.UNIVERSITY OFCHICAGO MAGAZINE/FEBRUARY 1992 37lass News"No news is good news" is one cliche to which we donot subscribe at the Magasine. Please send some ofyour news to the Class News Editor, University ofChicago Magazine, 5757 Woodlawn Ave., Chicago,IL 60637. No engagements, please. Items may beedited for space.24 Glenna Mode Ball, AB'24, see 1925, Herbert A. Ball. Elizabeth Brewster Tempel,PhB'24, and her husband are in a retirement home,Carlsbad by the Sea, where they have a "fine oceanview."25 Katherine Barrett Allen, PhB'25, wasnamed Volunteer of the Year for her workwith Home Health Care in Rockport, ME. She alsovolunteers for her local hospital. Herbert A. Ball,SB'25, and Glenna Mode Ball, AB'24, are enjoyinglife at Highland Farms, a retirement community inBlack Mountain, NC. Ralph Decker Bennett,PhD'25, writes that studying physics at the U ofC ledto a great career-including work for the governmentduring the Second World War. Eleanor WestbergCottrell, SB'25, continues her involvement in thearts. Antoinette Forrester Downing, PhB'25, see1931, Lucia Downing Hewitt.26 Eleanor Howard Coulter, AM'26, has justfinished a genealogy of her family. John M.Dorsey, SB'26, MD'31, is a retired professor of surgery at Northwestern University Medical School. Helen Liggett Hagey, PhB '26, writes that she is still enjoying life in the "little college town" of Clemson, sc.27 Margaret Davis Clark, PhB'27, see 1931,Lucia Downing Hewitt.28 Eleanor Wilkins Turner, PhB'28, is enjoying life in Colorado Springs and has traveledthe past few years in Britain, Australia, Guatemala,Mexico, Canada, Hawaii, and Alaska.29 Jessica Millard Vernon, PhD'29, says helloto "anyone from that long-ago class, andgood luck!"30 Albert H. Allen, LLB'30, practices law inBeverly Hills at the firm of Allen & Fasmon-the oldest two-man law partnership in SouthernCalifornia. Edith Annable Chapman, PhB'30,AM'35, see 1931, Lucia Downing Hewitt. EliseRosenwald Schweich, PhB'30, is the founder andchair emeritus of Springboard to Learning, a group ofteachers in St. Louis that organizes classes for publicschools around the city on art, culture, science, andthe lifestyles of people in other cultures.31 At Cornell University, Simon H. Bauer,SB'3!, PhD'35, continues his research on avariety of very fast chemical kinetic processes basedon shock-tube and laser techniques. He was honoredon his 80th birthday with a symposium attended by former students, coworkers, and colleagues. Julia MeleCodilis, PhB '31, writes that she is "now a bit moreconscious of my advancing years since I became agreat-grandmother in October 1991!" Don M.Cooperider, PhB' 31, writes that his wife died in1990. His daughter accompanied him to the 60th reunion in 1991 and he notes that he has "visited 5038 UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/FEBRUARY 1992countries around the world, but that trip to Chicagotopped them all .... "Lucia Downing Hewitt, PhB' 31, writes that shekeeps in touch with Mary Evelyn Webb Stowe,PhB'33, of Rensselaer, NY; Edith Annable Chapman, PhB'30, AM'35, of Hartford, CT; MargaretDavis Clark, PhB'27, of Redlands, CA; and Antoinette Forrester Downing, PhB '25, of Providence,RI. HerbertH. Heyman, PhB'31, is retired and livesin Highland Park, IL. He has two daughters who received graduate degrees. James M. Sheldon, Jr.,PhB' 31, and his wife, Isabelle, celebrated their 60thwedding anniversary in October.32 Harris M. Benedict, PhD '32, is retired andcollects stamps, hikes two weeks a year inYosemite Valley, and spends another two weeks on thebeaches of Hawaii . E.J. Capener, MD' 33, is 86 yearsold, in good health, and retired. John Post, SB'32,MD'37, is enjoying retirement in the high desert areanear Elko, NV, and. the Ruby Mountains.33 Carl E. Geppinger, PhB'33, writes that hewill be in Chicago for his 60th reunion in1993. Mary Evelyn Webb Stowe, PhB'33, see 1931,Lucia Downing Hewitt. Esther FeuchtwangerTamm, PhB'33, writes that her son, Sidney Tamm,PhD'66, is a professor of biology at the Marine Biology Lab in Woods Hole, MA, and her granddaughter,Ingrid, is a sophomore in the College.34 Sylvia Katz Eckman, PhB'34, AM'35, hasbecome a grandmother three times in the lastfew years. She spends her summers in San Franciscovacationing at home, swimming in the Bay, and directing tourists to Union Square.35 Eleanor Kempner Freed, PhB'35, marriedDr. Howard S. Stem last October aboard theM. V. Ocean Pearl, on the Indian Ocean. They are nowback at home in Houston. Howard Mauthe, SB'35,PhD'41, MD'43, see 1940, ChesterB. Powell.36 Shirley Meyerovitz Zatz Berc, SB'36,writes the good news, "I'm still here!" G.Helen Campbell, AB'36, AM'38, had a "delightfultrip to Nova Scotia in August." Louis Krafchik,MD'36, is a retired pediatrician. He has five grandchildren and enjoys many activities, including golf,horticulture, and travel. Marion McWilliams Mitchell, AB'36, AM'59, has worked for 32 years at Chicago Child Care Society.Homer E. Rosenberg, AB'36, JD'38, see 1938,Joan Goodman Rosenberg. H. Alan Schlesinger,AB'36, and Margaret Graver Schlesinger, AB'37,see the following friends from their college days in Arizona every winter: John S. Stevens, AB '37, and Marion Kuehn Stevens, AB'37; Robert C. Upton,AB'38, and Mary Green Upton, AB'39; and JohnH. Palmer, X'40, and Carolyn Wheeler Palmer,X'43. Josiah F. Wearin, Jr., AB'36, and his wife,Mary Coolidge Wearin, have lived in the same houseon their Iowa farm for 52 of their 53 years ofmarriage. 37 Mark Ashin, AB'37, AM'38, PhD'50, professor emeritus of English language & literature at the U of C, will have served 12 years as the secretary of the faculties at the University in June. Heplans to pursue "a real retirement" at the end of thecentennial year. John M. Beal, SB'37, MD'41, see1940, Colin G. Thomas. Henry M. Lemon, SB'37, isprofessor emeritus of internal medicine at the University of Nebraska Medical Center, and has publishedfour research papers on breast cancer and its prevention. He has also received a U.S. patent on prophylactic estrogens. In between sailing, biking, birdwatching, and other hobbies, he is writing amonograph on how to prevent breast cancer.Margaret Graver Schlesinger, AB'37, see 1936, H.Alan Schlesinger. Boris Schuster, MD'37, is still inactive practice with his two sons, including GarySchuster, MD'79. John S. Stevens, AB'37, and Marion Kuehn Stevens, AB'37, see 1936, H. Alan Schlesinger. Albert V. Willett, Jr., PhD'37, writes thathe is "still alive at 80 +-some accomplishment!"38 Joan Goodman Rosenberg, AB'38, andHomer E. Rosenberg, AB'36, JD'38, celebrated their 50th wedding anniversary in December.Florence Grab Ryan, PhB'38, has retired as libraryconsultant for the Joliet, IL, public schools. She is nowdoing volunteer work at the St. Paul, MN, public library. Robert C. Upton, AB'38, see 1936, H. AlanSchlesinger. Mary Neville Walter Woodrich,AB'38, does volunteer work with urban schools inCleveland, helping children write poems and stories.39 Erwin F. Beyer, AB '39, professor emeritusof physical education at the State Universityof New York at Plattsburgh, was inducted into thePlattsburgh State Sports Hall of Fame last October.Frederick Bock, AB'39, PhD'50, and Helen Bock,AM'67, are living in Arizona and Michigan. Recentlythey visited Stagira, Greece-the birthplace of Aristotle. The plane that Fred flew in WWII, Bockscar, is inthe Air Force Museum in Dayton, OH; his B-29 crewhada reunion in August. Galen W. Ewing, PhD' 39, iseditor of the international journal, Analytical Instru:mentation. Norma Rosen Kane, PhB'39, is retiredafter teaching for 40 years in the Chicago publiCschools. She lives in Santa Barbara, CA.Herbert R. Pankratz, AB' 39, AM' 40, and his wifetook a five-week, "self-guided" trip; highlights werethe "New Zealand scenery- Mt. Cook plus 80 millionsheep, Tasmania-wildlife parks where my wife held aTasmanian devil in her arms, and Australia-a tusslewith kangaroos and a night at the Sydney Opera Housewhere we heard Mozart's Magic Flute. " Charles EarlScott, AM'39, is a retired elementary school principal. Mary Green Upton, AB'39, see 1936, H. AlanSchlesinger.40 Seymour K. Coburn, SB'40, presented aseries of lectures at an international conference of steel engineers in Helsinki and Raahe, Finland, last summer. William Tucker Dean, JD' 40, r�cently married Rosamond Arthur after the death ofhl�first wife. Their combined total of ten children anmost of their 12 grandchildren were present. The coUple has moved to Cold Spring Harbor, NY. John fl·Palmer, X'40, see 1936, H. Alan Schlesinger. CheS'ter B. Powell, SB'40, MD'43, is retired from neurodsurgery. He and his wife travel, golf, ski in Utah, a\have a cruiser on Lake Powell. They celebrated the�50th wedding anniversary in September and repo dthat Howard Mauthe, SB'35, PhD'41, MD'43, anhis wife, Agatha, attended. Colin G. Thomas, SB'40�MD'43, is a faculty member at University of NortdCarolina where he sees Paul L. Bunce, MD'42, anJohn M. Beal, SB'37, MD'41.41 Frank Costin AM'41 PhD'48 is profeS-, , , 'tsor emeritus of psychology at the Universl Yof Illinois, Urbana-Champaign. He participates in theplanning and presentation of the annual meetings ofthe National Institute of the Teaching of Psychology,which he founded in 1978.42 Paul L. Bunce, MD'42, see 1940, Colin G.Thomas. David Fisher, SB'42, is makingplans to attend the 50th class reunion and see friendsthis summer. The October/91 class news for BettyDebs Sobel, AB'42, contained an error. Her PrintMint gallery is located in Wilmette, not Winnetka.43 Frank Brooks, SB'43, MD'45, retired lastJuly, and has four grandchildren. John A.Crosby, SB' 43, is professor emeritus of geography atCalifornia State University at Fresno. With his wife,Myrtle H. Sandy Oak, he continues to live in Clovis,CA. Carolyn Wheeler Palmer, X'43, see 1936, H.Alan Schlesinger. Buel L Sever, MD' 43, is retiredfrom family practice. Mary Colley Stierer, PhB'43,is the editor and principal author of a workbook onRensselaer (NY) County government for the Leagueof Women Voters and area high schools. She writesthat Robert A. Stierer, AB' 43, is secretary of the Rensselaer County board of ethics.Emilie Rashevsky Strand, AA'43, AB'44, writesthat, as a student, she worked on the U ofC's 50thanniversary celebration in 1941. She hoped to attend thecentennial activities in Washington, D.C. C. RobertTully, AB'43, MBA'46, writes that he has had "a lifeof retirement" of late-he retired as director, vicepresident and CFO of Celanese Corporation in 1987;as consultant to Hoechst Celanese in 1988; as seniorvice president and CFO of Olin Corporation in 1990;and as consultant to Olin in 1990. He hopes to make thereunion in 1993.44 Andrew J. Canzonetti, MD'44, retired lastyear as senior vice president of medical affairs at New Britain General Hospital. He continues tochair the board of trustees of the University of Connecticut. Ruth Schwartz Gruenberg, AB'44,AM' 45, has returned to the classroom at MontgomeryCollege, MD, where she is teaching sociology Ianthropology on a part-time basis. Gladys ShelleneStanley, SB' 44, a retired mathematics teacher, is volunteering many hours to support the Oakland EastBay Symphony, where Michael Morgan (also assistant conductor of the Chicago Symphony) is the permanent conductor. Marsha Dzubay Tillson, SB'44,qualified and ran in the National Senior Olympics lastyear. She reports that she did well, running the 5K andIOK. Some of her other leisure activities are advancedsquare dancing and bridge.45 Betty Foyer Johnson, AB'45, and Elizabeth A. Kelly, AB'45, continue to "swapvacations" -Kelly goes to Hawaii in the summer andJohnson goes to Chicago for the Christmas holidays.Both of them were in Hawaii for the total eclipse of theSun lastJuly. Kathleen Taylor Joyner, SB'45, writesthat her daughter, Kara Joyner, AM '91, received hermaster's degree in sociology from the University inDecember.46 Esther Langlois, X'46, writes a column forthe Westlaker Times, a weekly newspaper inRocky River, OH. O.T. Richardson, PhD'46, hasspent the winter in several places since retiring fromBall State University-the most recent being Hawaii.Carl B. Robinson, DB'46, retired in 1983 as a community hospital chaplain to become a volunteer for anecumenical social ministry in Fresno, CA, and a contract chaplain with the Veterans Administration Medical Center. Alfred Schwartz, AB' 46, PhD' 49, has retired from a university career and has traveled toTaiwan, Thailand, Guatemala, and Mexico-heWrites that he is "using travel to educate grandsons(U of C potential!) in the wonders of the world." PaulThompson, X' 46, retired from Control Data's educa- Ticket to RideBefore Inge Fryklund,jD'79,took over, Chicago'S parkingenforcement was a joke. Now thecity's laughing all the way to thebank.At 8: 30 on a Wednesday morningChicago's Bureau of Parking Enforcement on 131 N. LaSalle is acalm, almost pleasant, place. Its clean wallsare a comfortingly warm tone of beige sliding into pink. The carpet is new. The furniture is new. The ever-present computer terminals are new. Only about nine peoplepatiently wait in line at the informationcounter where they are efficiently directedto an appropriate hearing room or cashier.It's a far cry from the usual nightmare thatmost active imaginations conjure up whenthey hear the words "traffic court."That's because, thanks to Inge Fryklund,JD'79, parking tickets have been removedfrom the realm of the city's courts and arenow handled by a brand new administrativesystem that is reaping big bucks for the city-$60 million in 1991.Fryklund wasn't always queen of parkingenforcement (her more commonly used titleis City Parking Administrator). In a formerincarnation she was an assistant state's attorney for Cook County. But when Richard M.Daley (the former state's attorney) was elected mayor of Chicago in 1989, he persuadedFryklund to take over the parking bureauand develop a system for the city that wouldactually work.While the effort to create an entirely newsystem may be herculean, not many wouldcall it glamorous. But Fryklund doesn'tseem to mind. "What fascinates me is figuring out how to make things work. The oldsystem was a total mess."Under the old system, parking tickets werea quasi-criminal charge handled in trafficcourt. And not only was the system ineffectual (fewer than 10 percent of the tickets gotpaid in the year they were issued), it alsobred corruption. Both the former clerk ofthe circuit court and the presiding judge oftraffic court are now in federal prison.In ten months, Fryklund created a systemthat is completely removed from the courts-and is virtually paperless. The thousandsof tickets written by police officers each day-and all correspondence regarding those tickets-are fed through the parking bureau's computerized scanners which recordthe tickets' (and letters') images, storingthem on a central database.If ticket holders choose to contest, they ateassigned a week-long period during whichthey can go to anyone of the city's four parking bureaus and tell their objections to ahearing officer (actually a private attorneyon contract with the city). With a few taps ona keyboard the hearing officer can pull upthe ticket holder's record and make an instant decision.Fryklund's legal background was a bighelp in drafting the ordinance that authorized the change in parking enforcement. Butit was her experience with system design(she earned a Ph.D. in 1971 in experimentalpsychology-specifically, human factorsengineering-from the University ofMichigan) that came in handy with the nitty grittyof the change.To get input in the design process, Fryklund organized a group including representatives of the police department-beatofficers who actually write tickets-andparking enforcement aides. "I asked them,'What about the old ticket drove you nuts? Ifyou could change it, what would youchange?" The police suggested check-offboxes for frequently used violations, andMayor Daley picked the ticket's new colorbright orange.With the new system up and running, Fryklund has implemented Phase II. This stageof the redesign threatens scofflaws withmore than just a Denver boot. Now peoplewith more than ten outstanding tickets riskhaving their drivers' licenses suspended.Fryklund proudly states that "in a fairlyshort time period, we put together a systemthat generally made everyone happy." Everyone, that is, except those inexplicablydrawn to "no parking" zones.-D.L.UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/FEBRUARY 1992 3940 UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/FEBRUARY 1992tion department in 1985 and recently retired fromConcourse Corporation, where he was an executiveconsultant. He and his wife are planning to travelextensively.47 Robert K. Bain, AB'47, PhD'59, writesthat his younger daughter, Laura Bain,AM'90, married Eric Selbo, a graduate student in theDivinity School. Jack I. Boyd, AM'47, worked withthe Agency for International Development for 25years, and is now a high school teacher in Chesterfield, VA. Joan Jones Coleman, MBA'47, PhD'54,was honored last fall by the American Dietetic Association for having been a member 50 years. Eric Kruh,AM'47, is director of the humanities division at theSouthampton campus of Long Island University inNew York.Jean Hirsch Priest, PhB'47, SB'40, MD'53, is director of the genetics laboratories in the nonprofitChildren's Hospital in Helena, MT, which providesgenetic services for the entire state. Allegra WillTurner, AM' 47, is a retired pupil services supervisor,and serves on bank, college, and diocesan housingboards. She writes that her son, Jesse Turner, Jr.,SB'71, MBA'73, is now a bank president; her daughter, Frances E. Turner, MBA' 87, is a regional manager of Cablevision in CA; and her other three childrenhold degrees from Catholic University of America,Harvard, and University of Michigan.48 Alicia Morales De Diego, AM'48, is a mental health consultant to the Puerto Rico Mental Health Program and to the Catholic Social ServicesProgram in San Juan. Lowell C. Doak, MBA'48, istreasurer of school monies for three public school districts in New Jersey: Jersey City Public Schools, EastOrange School District, and West Essex RegionalSchool District. Grant Kenner, SB' 48, AM' 51, hasbeen creating kinetic and fountain sculptures, mostlyon commission, since retiring from teaching in 1988.49 Mary Ann Ash Chidsey, AB'49, is associate director of the Greenwich/Stamford, CT,affiliate of Literacy Volunteers. Harry R. Davis,AM' 49, PhD' 51 , is professor emeritus of governmentat Beloit College. He has recently completed serviceon the Wisconsin Governor's Council of Judicial Selection, and is editing a book of source readings onChristian thinking about politics. Mary M. Gleason,AB' 49, is living in St. Thomas, U. S. Virgin Islandsand still enjoying it after 26 years. She is director ofsales for Frenchman's Reef Beach Resort and serveson a number of community boards, including the Humane Society and the Chamber of Commerce. Shewrites that any alumni visiting should give her a call.Robert Habenstein, AM'49, PhD'54, is professoremeritus at the University of Missouri at Columbia.Recently, the Birger Sandzen Memorial Gallery inLindsborg, KS, displayed part of the Habenstein's artcollection. John Raymond Hope, SM'49, is an oncamera meteorologist and hurricane specialist for theWeather Channel. In 1982 he retired as senior hurricane forecaster for the National Hurricane Center inMiami, FL.Susan Pearlman Kagan, X' 49, performed sonatasby Beethoven and Archduke Rudolph with violinistGabriel Banat at the Beethoven-Haus in Bonn, Germany, last June. Joseph Lash, PhB'49, retired fromthe practice of medicine after 36 years. Irma RevillaRamos, AM'49, writes that she attends meetings ofhealth and/or welfare groups, and reads interesting articles in that subject and related areas. Sara MyersTurner, AM' 49, is professor emeritus in the department of sociology, anthropology, and social work atHumboldt State University. She volunteers for theFood Bank and the Humboldt Alliance for the Mentally Ill, and is marketing her husband's accumulation ofpostage stamps as an avocation. 50 Gerald L. Garden, AB'50, is in his 25thyear as a Blair High School teacher of English and cartooning in Pasadena, CA. Robert B. Lees,AM'50, is retired from Tel Aviv University as a professor of linguistics. Maurice E. McGaugh,PhD'50, a retired professor of geography at CentralMichigan University, regrets to report that his wife,Ethel, died in 1989. Evalyn F. Segal, AB'50, is professor emeritus of psychology at San Diego State University and a visiting scholar in psychology at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Segal alsoserves as president of the Hemlock Society of North"Carolina.51 LawrenceH. Chapman, PhB'51, works inthe electrical contracting business, and forthe last 30 years has been promoting electrical safety.He is also the membership chair of his local chapter ofthe International Association of Electrical Inspectors.Harvey J. Feldman, AB'51, AM'54, retired from along career in the Foreign Service and has joinedGlobal Business Access, Ltd., a Washington, D.C.based international consulting firm. James KennethPowell, DB'51, writes that his son, James KennethPowell II, MDV'91, received his degree from theUniversity in June 1991.52 Ernest Hartmann, AB'52, see 1957,Donald Anderson.53 Charles Ahlgrimm, MBA'53, turned 80 in1991. He and his wife keep busy dancingabout three times a week, while he golfs twice a week.RossL. Federico, AM'53, has retired to Wilmington,NC, from the South County Schools, in Long Island,NY, where he was the English department chair anddrama director. He has recently completed a comedy,Burnett H. Radosh, AB'53, retired from the us.Army in 1980 and his wife, Katherine Koenig Ra*dosh, AB'58, retired from the Foreign Service in1989. Since then, they have been taking care of theirparents and enjoying their sailboat, 4th of July.54 James R. Beerbower, PhD'54, retired inSeptember from the State University of NeWYork at Binghamton, but continues in residence thereas a member of the Center for Evolution and Paleoenvironments. Robert L. Payton, AM' 54, director ofthe Indiana University Center on Philanthropy, alsOserved as honorary chair of National PhilanthropYDay, November 19th. Clyde Curry Smith, DB'54,AM' 61, PhD' 68, professor emeritus of ancient history and religions at University of Wisconsin, Rive;Falls, was selected for inclusion in Marquis' Who SWho in Religion and Who S Who in the Midwest. fiewill be a visiting professor in religious studies at theUniversity of Newcastle-upon- Tyne, England, for thecoming academic year.55 Virginia Walcott Beauchamp, PhD'55,. has retired as associate professor of EngJi�hat the University of Maryland at College Park. She 15serving on the Prince George's County (MD) ConYmission for Women. Elizabeth Robinson CoheIl,AB'59, AM'63, writes that she had a great visit t�Chicago in June for the U. High 40th reunion. She anher husband are busy exploring volunteer options afterretiring from his law practice. Douglas W. JohnsOIl�AB'55, is vice president for academic affair� adClaflin College. Harold M. Kaiser, PhD'55, retire,superintendent of schools in Davenport, lA, and ���wife, Esther, continue research on reading and gUIance programs. 3456 Walter E. Grevatt, DB'56, retired afte� dyears from the active ministry of the UnIte tChurch of Christ, and is now working as a .budg�_counselor at a crisis intervention social agency m.Le ranon, NH. He writes that he continues to enjoy InterJviewing prospective students for the College. C�deGrip, PhD'56, retired in June from the South SIPlanning Board and was feted at the annual meetingheld at the Chicago Hilton. He is also a trustee ofMontgomery Place, a retirement community in HydePark.Aryeh L. Motzkin, X'56 is a professor of philo sophy at Boston University, a trustee of the Art Instituteof Boston, and senior adviser to the prime minister ofSlovenia. His daughter, Sharon, is now a senior in philosophy at the College. He writes that he "lives alonein a large townhouse in Newton, MA, and invites all tocall, come, and stay for a weekend or longer! " CliftonWharton, Jr., AM'56, PhD'58, is chair and CEO ofthe Teachers Insurance and Annuity Association.College Retirement Equities Fund. Robert E .• Wil-liams, PhD' 56, is a retired professor at the Universityof the District of Columbia, after 23 years of teaching.He is still active in evaluating drug treatment programsfor the National Institute of Drug Abuse.57 Donald Anderson, AB'57, AB'57, writesthat Ernest Hartmann, AB'52, is about topublish Boundaries of the Mind. Hartmann, an experton the biochemistry of sleep and dreaming, teaches atTufts University, and has a private practice in psychoanalysis. Stephen Cohen, AB'57, AB'58, AM'59,see 1959, Roberta Brosilow Cohen. William M. Phillips, Jr., PhD' 57, is professor emeritus of sociology atRutgers.58 Barbara Karg Cook, MAT'58, is vice president for academic affairs at Montay Collegein Chicago. Katherine Koenig Radosh, AB'58, see1953, Burnett H. Radosh.59 Roberta Brosilow Cohen, AB'59, andStephen Cohen, AB'57, AB'58, AM'59,write that their fifth child is off to college, and they"only have one to go." They are heading for SouthAsia in the fall. EugeneA. Herman, SB'59, professor of mathematics and computer science, is the firstSamuel R. and Marie-Louise Rosenthal professor ofnatural science and mathematics at Grinnell College.He is editor of the "Computer Corner" ofthe CollegeMathematics Journal, and chair of the Committee onComputers in Mathematics Education. Linda MorriSon, X'59, writes from California, "Our U ofC Daytrain trip to Santa Barbara was a lot of fun. And mypay-radio brings me WFMT, which announced theirU of C programming recently!" James J. Pelts,MBA'59, is chair of the A.M. Cohen Corporation, ajewelry wholesaler. He is also a board member of theMarwen Foundation, the Congregation Kol Ami, andthe Gastro-Intestinal Research Foundation.60 William B. Hauser, SB'60, was namedTeacher of the Year in 1991 by the Universityof Rochester's student senate.62 Michael A. Oppenheimer, AB'62, received his certificate as a Reform Jewish Educator from the National Association of Temple Educators and his doctor of divinity from Hebrew UnionCollege. ,63 c. Dean Allen, PhD'63, is currently servingas an elected member of the board of directors of the National Association of Partners of theAmericas and the international board of directors ofPartners of the Americas, a private, nonprofit organization which pairs U. S. states with states and countriesin Central and South America and the Caribbean topromote social and economic development. IngramSchwahn, AM'63, hosted a Parents, New Students,and Alumni Party at his home in Dallas in Septemberfor 50 people. DavidR. Segal, AM'63, PhD'67, professor of sociology at the University of Maryland atCollege Park, will occupy the S.L.A. Marshall Chairat the Army Research Institute for 1992. Frederick C. Stern, AB'63, is professor of English at the Uni-.versity of Illinois at Chicago.64 Mildred B. Ford, X'64, received a plaquefor being the first woman to serve on theBarnwell (SC) County Economic Development Commission. Chester W. Leathers, AB'64, is director ofcommunity education services for Santa Fe Community College and the School Board of Alachua County,FL. The organization recently received a $1.6 milliongrant to work with eight rural municipalities in addressing problems related to substance abuse. RichardE. Peterson, SM'64, is chair of the department ofgeosciences at Texas Tech University. ArleneMashioffWeinshelbaum, AB'64, MD'68, has a private radiology practice in Gainesville, FL. She andher husband, Edward Weinshelbaum, AB'55,SB'56, MD'60, have three children-the oldest, Lisa,is attending the U of C.65 Daniel Farrell, AB'65, AM'68, is professor of philosophy at Ohio State Universityand is completing a book on the justification of deterrent violence. Albert Parr, SM'65, PhD'71, is chiefof the radiometric physics division at the National Institute of Standards and Technology. The divisionmaintains optical radiation measurement standardsand develops new measurement techniques.Jean V. Poulard, AM'65, PhD'76, is an associateprofessor of political science at Indiana UniversityNorthwest. Janet Evans Worthington, AB'65, andher family moved to Louisiana in July 1990, where sheis director of continuing education and associate professor of English at Nicholls State University.66 David J. Joyce, JD'66, married Mandane. Peabody Kelley in Wadsworth, IL, last September. He is an investment adviser with theRosenthall-Collins Group in Chicago and she is vicepresident of David Franklin Ltd., an antiques dealer.Joel E. Kleinman, SB'66, MD'73, PhD'74, is chiefof the neuropathology section at the National Instituteof Mental Health while his wife, Dushanka Vesselinovitch Kleinman, is the deputy director of the National Institute of Dental Research. They have twochildren, Alexa and Jessica.Sidney Tamm, PhD'66, see 1933, Esther Feuchtwanger Tamm. Jean Sitterly Treese, AB'66, joinedthe College dean of student's staff in 1981 after 13years with the Chicago Board of Education, and hasbeen appointed assistant dean of students in the College. Ellen Weiss Ziman, AB'66, AM'68, heads aparent/child program at NYC's Rockefeller University for employees with children aged six months tothree years. She writes that her husband, Jerrold Ziman, AB'68, is the president of Ziman Co., a commercial real estate brokerage in Manhattan, and a cofounder of the Constitutional Law Committee of theRent Stabilization Association of New York.67 Helen Bock, AM'67, see 1939, FrederickBock. Peter McIntyre, AB'67, SM'68,PhD '73, professor of physics at Texas A&M University, is also director of the Texas Accelerator Center, amulti-university laboratory for advanced acceleratorresearch. He and Rebecca Biek McIntyre, AB'73,have four children and live in College Station, TX, inthe oldest house in town.Steven J. Sacher, JD'67, is co-chair of the senioreditors of Employee Benefits Law, a treatise on ERISAprepared by members of the American Bar Association's Labor and Employment Law Section andpublished by the bureau of National Affairs. LoisWolf Schwartz, AB'67, AM'72, AM'90, teaches legal research and writing at Santa Clara UniversitySchool of Law and is the assistant director of placement at Boalt Hall School of Law. She writes that herhusband, Larry Schwartz, AB'67, has a private medical practice in Oakland, CA, and scuba dives. They have two children, Adam and Noah. Richard J.Stone, AB'67, is in charge of the litigation departmentat the Los Angelels branch of the law firm of Milbank,Tweed, Hadley & McCloy.68 Victor Bass, AB'68, JD'73, heads the bankruptcy and reorganization group at Widett,Slater & Goldman, a law firm in Boston. He marriedLauren Spinale in September. Judy Tucker Cook,MST'68, is teaching second grade at Whitney Schoolin Boise, 10. She also does whole language workshopsfor teachers in phonics and music.In August, Benjamin Ginsberg, AB'68, AM'70,PhD'73, will begin work as the David Bernstein professor of political science and also as the director of theCenter for Governmental Studies at Johns HopkinsUniversity. He is currently a professor of governmentat Cornell University. Joseph A. Limprecht,AB' 68, is deputy director of the office oflsraell ArabIsraeli Affairs in the U. S. State Department. His wife,Nancy Silverman, X'70, works as a system analystfor the Foreign Commercial Service in Washington.Jerrold Ziman, AB'68, see 1966, Ellen WeissZiman.69 William J. Fienup, MBA'69, is vice president at the investment firm of Huntleigh Securities Corporation in St. Louis. Carol Langford,MD '69, is a pediatrician at the Joseph Smith Community Health Center in Allston, MA, which serves alarge, multicultural community. Her stepdaughter,Linda Wolf ender-a student in the College-was a trilingual medical assistant there last summer. RichardE. Mendales, AB'69, AM'70, is an associate profes-UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/FEBRUARY 1992 41sor at the University of Miami School of Law. KayHoyle Nelson, AM'69, PhD'78, is an assistant professor of English and humanities at AuroraUniversity.70 Deborah Belle, AB'70, is a tenured professor of psychology at Boston University.James J. Ewing, PhD'70, senior vice president atSpectra Technology Inc., will be featured in Laser Pioneers, an upcoming publication by the AcademicPress. Timothy Lovain, AB'70, had an articlepublished last summer in Portfolio Magazine, entitled"The Back Door to Free Trade?" Nancy Silverman,X'70; see 1968, Joseph A. Limprecht.71 Dorothy Pierpont Carhart, AB'71, isteaching second grade in the MontgomeryCounty (MD) public schools. Last year, she took timeoff to "experience life at the Meher School" in Lafayette, CA. Lawrence J. Corneck, JD'71, opened hisown office for the practice of corporate and commerciallaw in New York City. Gordon Foster, MBA' 71 ,is a resident faculty member of Metropolitan StateUniversity's College of Management. Vern Scott,MBA'71, is developing a joint study in the Westernstates based on university and community collegecomputer integrated manufacturing. Jesse Turner,Jr., SB'71, MBA'73, see 1947, Allegra Will Turner.Charles Young, AB '71, MBA'77, is president of CYResearch, a communications research firm. He recently moved-with wife Norma and sons Christopher and Paul-to Albuquerque.72 Lawrence G. Newman, JD'72, recentlyheld a one-man, retrospective art show at theCreative Arts Center in Dallas to raise money for afund honoring his mother, Fran Newman Young. Inthe recently distributed Class of 1972 Reunion Directory, Jane Rutherford, AB'72, was erroneously listed as single. She is married.73 Steve A. Brand, JD'73, is a partner in thelaw firm of Robins, Kaplan, Miller & Ciresiin Minneapolis. He is in charge of the firm's estatesand trusts practice, and also serves as Minnesota StateChair for the American College of Trusts and EstatesCounsel. Allen M. Friedman, AB'73, is married toFaith Bushel, and has two children, Marjorie and Jeffrey. He is an internist with a private practice in Baltimore, and the associate team physician for the Baltimore Orioles. He also does alumni interviewing forthe University. James F. Kisela, MBA' 73 , is vicepresident of human resources at the Vanguard GroupofInvestment Companies. Rebecca Biek Mcintyre,AB'73, see 1967, Peter McIntyre. Mary Fran LangPorter, AM'73, is assistant professor of pediatricsand a pediatric researcher at Washington UniversitySchool of Medicine in St. Louis. Shoshana Zuboff,AB '73, is the first Benjamin and Lilian Hertzberg professor of business administration at Harvard University's Business School.74 RichardR. Balsamo, AB'74, MD'78, is theassociate medical director for quality management at Rush-Anchor HMO in Chicago, and liveswith wife Jacqueline and son John in Lincoln Park.Bonnie Cho Oh, PhD'74, is assistant dean for undergraduate studies at the University of Maryland atCollege Park. William E. Rodak, AM'74, PhD'81,is executive secretary for the residency review committee in internal medicine at the Council for GraduateMedical Education in Chicago. Craig H. Wood,MBA' 74 , received his Ph.D. in operations management from Ohio State University. He is now assistantprofessor of operations management in the Universityof New Hampshire's Whittemore School of Business& Economics, and has two children, Alec andCaroline.75 Kym Anderson, AM'75, professor of economics at the University of Adelaide, Aus-42 UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/FEBRUARY 1992tralia, is currently on leave at the General Agreementon Tariffs and Trade Secretariat in Geneva. StanBiles, AB '75, is the deputy director of the WashingtonState Department of Natural Resources. He deliveredlectures and papers last June at eight scientific. institutes in Tashkent, U.S.S.R., at the invitation of the Uzbekistan Academy of Science. Kenneth WaymanFreelain, MBA' 75 , is chair of the International History Week awards committee and is campaigning for therecognition of the U ofC's Centennial during International History Week in October, 1992.Richard E. Hoffman, MBA'75, has a home-basedconsulting firm near Charlotte, NC. Alfred H. Novotne, AB '75, is working for the U. S. Army as an ethicsattorney with responsibility for worldwide trainingand adjudication of ethics issues. He is also an adjunctprofessoroflaw at George Washington University. Hiswife, Maureen, is an engineer with the Water and Environment Federation in Alexandria, VA. John K.Snyder, SM '75, PhD '79, has been granted tenure andpromoted to associate professor of chemistry at Boston University.76 Carol Lombardini Cole, AB'76, is vicepresident of legal affairs for the Alliance ofMotion Picture & Television Producers, a trade association that bargains collectively on behalf of the studios with motion picture industry unions. She and herhusband, Bill, have two children, Kevin and Kristin.7 7 Claire E. Orner, AB '77, received her master's degree in physical science from the University of Indianapolis in 1990 and is working at theRehabilitation Institute of Chicago in the pediatricunit. DanielA. Sumner, AM '77, PhD'78, was selected as an Honored Alumni for 1991 by California Polytechnic State University, where he received a master'sdegree in economics:Mary Adams Toman, AB'77,is vice president and head adviser for Bank of America, San Francisco's Foreign Exchange Trading Room.She is married to Dr. Jeffrey J. Toman and has two children, Stephanie Ann and John Jacob. Michael W. Zelenty, AB'77, was married in 1988, and he and hiswife had a daughter, Jennifer Evelyn, in 1990. Zelentyis a partner in the law firm of Clapp & Eisenbert in Newark, NJ, where he practices corporate, securities,and banking law.78 Elizabeth Ann Berney, JD'78, is working for Queens College Student ServicesCorporation.Wendy Waisala, AM'78, is working in AIDS research at New York University Medical Center's primate laboratory while completing her doctorate inAmerican civilization. Joanne Pesch Kopplin,PhD '78, is director of drug safety operations atBristol- Myers Squibb Pharmaceutical Research Institute. Glenn McGee, AM'78, PhD'85, is superintendent of schools in Deerfield, IL. Katrina Lofgren Vidal, AB'78, and Ed Vidal, AB'78, JD'81, write thatthey've "given up and moved to Scarsdale fromManhattan. "79 Bette Leash Birnbaum, AB'79, MST'80,and David Birnbaum, AB '79, announce thearrival of their son, Samuel Hersch, who joins sisterHannah Judith. Stan Carlson, AB'79, jokes that he is"out on parole and looking forward to being a productive member of society!" David B. Harrison, AB '79,MD'83, has a private practice in pediatrics in CoralSprings, FL. He and his wife, Gigi, had their seconddaughter, Adriana, last year. She joins sister Cassandra. Linda Hill, AM '79, PhD '82, is an associate professor at Harvard Business School. Jo Ann Drummond Hinz, MBA'79, see 1983, Marge Waterstreet.Herbert H. Ho, PhD'79, moved from Hyde Park toGrand Rapids, MI, and is working as chief counsel forthe Pacific regions at Amway Corporation.Jessica Robins Miller, AM'79, a social worker with Wellmark Healthcare services, addressed theAmerican Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation and the American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine's annual assembly last October. RobertE. Sullivan, AB'79, MBA'86, and his wife, Susan,had a daughter, Anne Christine, last July. Anne joinsbrother Jake and sister Cory. K. McNeill Taylor,JD '79, is living in Corning, NY, and working for Corning Inc. as a patent counsel for the telecommunications division. He and his wife, Susanne, recently hada son, David; their other children are Daniel and Kelley. Robert S. Williams, MBA' 79 , is a partner atCooper & Lybrand in Chicago.80 Robert E. Cass, PhD:80, associate professor of statistics at Carnegie Mellon University, has been named executive editor of StatisticalScience. Pete Kushmeider, AB'80, MBA'81 , isNorthern California regional director for Nissi/SFGsoftware and services.81 James C. Johnston, MBA'81 , is starting hissixth year as a part-time chief financial officer for young or troubled companies. Married for 12years with six children, he lives in New England. William J. McGirr, MBA'81, is a vice president andmanager of personal trust at NBD Trust Company ofIllinois. Gary Pineless, MD'81, married Jodie Taubin Chicago last October. He is a partner of CardiologyAssociates in Highland Park, IL, and she is a registered dietitian at Health Works of Highland Park Hospital. Colleen Rae, AM' 81, is the editor of the SantaFe Literary Review. Jenny Cattroll Scanlon, AB'81,writes that her daughter, Claire, transferred to the College last fall as a junior, and her younger daughter, Tracy, plans to apply to the U of C after graduation fr0111high school.82 Peter Andriole, MBA' 82, is founder andpresident of Andriole Associates, a businesSthat specializes in the recruitment and placement of attorneys. Robert R. Barnes, AB' 82, JD' 85, practicesbankruptcy and reorganization law in Allen, Matkins,Leek, Gamble & Mallory's San Diego office. He recently made his television debut as a" Jeopardy!" contestant- ''Although I did not win, I did meet Alex rrebek, a moment I will treasure always." Barnes writ�Sthat Lisa K. Schultz Barnes, AB'85, his wife, ISspending most of her time raising their son, Geoffrey·Donald C. Dowling, AB' 82, associate at the law firJllof Graydon, Head & Ritchey, is also chair of theAmerican Bar Association's subcommittee on European employment law. Chris Sandrolini, AB'82, isstudying Czech as part of his preparation for a three-year posting as economic officer in the U. S. EmbasSYin Czechoslovakia which begins in July. He writes thathe will "welcome any U of C visitors!"83 Kevin E. Bright, AB'83, is living in Den-. ver, where he is a resident in otolaryngolOgyand an Army captain. Jeremy M. Downes, AB'83,received a Ph. D. in English literature from the U niverfsity of Wisconsin-Madison and joined the faculty aAuburn University as assistant professor. Mary BetbFama-Rockenwagner, AB'83, owns two restaurantsin Santa Monica, CA: Fama and Rochenwagner-thelatter is listed as one of the ten best restaurants in LOSAngeles. Wendy Nimer Gordon, SM'83, is bUSYraising three children, helping run an organic food coop, doing private nutrition counseling, and participating in local politics in East Hills, NY. David Schaffe��AB' 83, is a deputy chief at the public interest bureau 1ethe Cook County State's Attorney's Office. Mar�_Waterstreet, MBA' 83, marketing research and aministration manager at AKZO Chemicals in Chicago, recently chaired the Chemical Management Re�sources Association meeting at which Jo .Alli_Drummond Hinz, MBA'79, president of DeCsionware, Inc., spoke.84 David Albert, AB'84, see 1985, MurrayDavid Becker. Kate Johnson, X'84, married Stephen Atkinson last June and was accepted tothe University of Massachusetts Medical School.George Nikopoulos, AB'84, is living in Los Angeleswith his wife, Millie, and will finish his residency ingeriatric psychiatry this June. Michael Postol,SB'84, receivedaPh.D. in mathematics from the University of Minnesota and is now working for the federal government in Washington, D.C. Aaron Rourke,AB'84, is an industrial hygienist for the state of Ohio,doing air contamination investigations, noise surveys,occupational disease investigations, etc. He writesthat he wishes "more of my friends would write to theMagazine. "85 Lisa K. Schultz Barnes, AB'85, see 1982,Robert R. Barnes. Murray David Becker,AB'85, and Mirah Ada Germain, AB'85, were married in June in Lancaster, PA. Attending the weddingWere: David Albert, AB'84, and Mitchell Puschett,AB'87. The couple lives in Manhattan, where Mirah isa senior environmental planner on the staff of theBronx borough president's office and Murray is completing his M.D.-Ph.D. program at Cornell University's medical center. Jamie Hardigg, MBA'85, is treasurer of Hardigg Industries, a manufacturer ofreusable shipping cases.Andrew F. Kolodziej, SB'85, received his Ph.D. inchemistry from MIT last June. He is now doing a postdoctoral at the University of California at Berkeley. Hewrites that Matthew E. Kolodziej, AB'88, is now inthe graduate program in painting at the Rhode IslandSchool of Design in Providence, RI. SoichiroKurachi, MBA'85, is vice president of a high yieldbond group at Merrill Lynch Capital Markets. HerbSilverman, AB'85, married Karen Upson in November. Guests included Bob Nesselroth, AB'85; JohnBurbank, AB'86, MBA'91; Tim Landon, AB'86;Liz Landon, AB'86; and Martha Rystol, AB'86,MD'90. Silverman is the director 01 udmni relationsat Emory Business School; he suffered a stroke in early 1991, but is now "all right and enjoying [his] workonce again. "86 Simon Ahn, AB'86, see 1990, MargaretPumper. John Burbank, AB'86, MBA'91,and Martha Bystol, AB'86, MD'90, see 1985, HerbSilverman. Maxim Alexis Chasanov, AB'86, married Jill Beth Goldblatt, a psychiatric nurse at LoyolaUniversity Medical Center, where Chasanov is a resident in the psychiatric department. Dean Chung,MBA' 86, has recently traveled to Hong Kong, LosAngeles, and Portland, and is heading back to HongKong. Lauren Derby, AM'86, married Andrew Apter in North Haven, CT, last September. She is a graduate student in history at the University, where he is anassistant professor of anthropology. Thomas W.Kivlahan, JD'86, is a litigator with George T. Drost& Associates, Ltd. of Arlington Heights, IL. TimLandon, AB'86, and Liz Landon, AB'86, see 1985,Herb Silverman.Laura M. Rodriguez, AM'86, graduated fromOhio State College of Law in 1990. Her first daughter,Mia Ursula, was born in 1990 and her second daughter, Adelle Jewel, in 1991. Rodriguez writes that she isenjoying her time at home in Dayton, 0 H, with the twoand would love to hear from others in her class. RachelSchmidt, AM'86, completed her Ph.D. in policy studies from the RAND Graduate School last fall, and isworking as an economist with the Department ofCommerce in Washington, D.C. Deborah A. Smith,AB'86, JD'88, opened her own law practice, specializing in estate planning and probate, in 1989. Patrick John Zumbusch, MBA' 86, is president of DataServices, Inc. The company's focus is on the real-timemonitoring of electrical storm parameters. 87 TrinaBurek, AB'87, see 1988, Larry Stein.The Magazine apologizes for the misinformation printed in October about Seem a Chandnani,AB'87. She recently moved from Boston-where shegraduated from the Boston College Law School in1990-to Alburquerque, NM, where she is livingalone and working at Merrill Lynch. Emilie Chow,AB'87, see 1988, Jessica Ang. Arthur Ellis, AB'87,AM'88, and Kelly Kusch, AB'87, see 1988, LarryStein. Carson DavidLiu, AB'8?, MD'91, see 1988,Jessica Ang. Michael Leemputte, MBA'87, is livingin Paris with his wife, Denise, working for the SocieteGenerale as senior vice president of structured finance, "and enjoying it!"Marjorie Thomas Morris, AB'87, is an officer atthe Northern Trust Company in Chicago. MattOakey, AB'87, see 1988, Larry Stein. Mitchell Puschett, AB'87, see 1985, Murray David Becker.Frances E. Turner, MBA'87, see 1947, Allegra WillTurner. Alan W. Voorhees, MBA'87, began graduatework at Drew University in 1991. Peter D. Weinstein,AB'87, see 1988, Jessica Ang.88 Jessica Ang, AB'88, married CarsonDavid Liu, AB'87, MD'91, at RockefellerChapel last year. Guests included Peter D. Weinstein,AB'87; Emilie Chow, AB'87; Silvia Marsans,AB'88; Caroline Fong, AB'88; Francois Michelon,AB'89; Jacqueline Jacobson, AB'90; Edward E.Whang, MD'91; Inchel Yearn, MD'91; Francis V.DiPierro, MD'91; PeterS. Kay, MD'91; and Meeyern K wak, AB' 89. Jessica and Carson currently livesin Los Angeles, where Carson is in residence at theUCLA medical center department of surgery, andJessica is a senior business analyst at Blue Cross ofCalifornia.Winton Gibbons, MBA'88, see 1989, MaritzaDiaz-Silveira. Peter Ireland, AB'88, AM'89,PhD'91, is an economist at the Federal Reserve Bankof Richmond , in Richmond, VA. Matthew E. Kolodziej, AB'88, see 1985, Andrew F. Kolodziej. CoastGuard Ens. Lisa A. Ragone, AB'88, recently graduated from Officer Candidate School. David Robison,AB'88, currently attends UC Berkeley's school of library and information science and works in the mainlibrary on the campus. He is living in San Franciscoand is a frequent host of the city's gay Russian conversation group.Larry Stein, AB' 88, married Diane Wells last June.Guests included, Matt Oakey, AB' 87; Arthur Ellis,AB'87, AM'88; Mitch Wirth, AB'88; Kelly Kusch,AB' 87; Trina Burek, AB' 87, William Penn, AB' 88;and Julie Penn, who is expecting her bachelor's degreein 1992. Larry is a law student at Northern IllinoisUniversity and Diane teaches second grade at Immac- ulate Conception School in Chicago. Marine 1 st Lt.Arend G. Westra, AB'88, was recently designated anaval aviator after 18 months of flight training inBeeville, TX.89 Maritza Diaz-Silveira, MBA'89, and Winton Gibbons, MBA'88, were married inEdinburgh, Scotland, in August 1990. Winton is amanagement consultant for McKinsey, and Maritza isan associate director of strategy for Westinghouse.They recently moved from Chicago to Pittsburgh.Marge Epstein, PhD'89, is an assistant professor ofsocial work at Aurora University. Peter Fitch,MBA' 89, is vice president of the business operationscenter for First Bank System in Minneapolis. JamesHarder, AM'89, isa reporter for the Daily Transcriptin Dedham, MA, and married Hollie Markland in1991. Meeyern K wak, AB' 89, and Francois Michelon, AB'89, see 1988, Jessica Ang. Michael Watchorn, MBA'88, is senior account officer with Citicorp. He and wife Karen recently had their seconddaughter, Morgan.90 Dave Auerback, AB'90, is leaving for theUniversity of Edinburgh, Scotland, in August, to begin his master's degree in classical archaeology. He is currently working as an archaeologist inNew York with the Institute for Long Island Archaeology. Laura Bain, AM'90, see 1947, Robert K. Bain.Jacqueline Jacobson, AB'90, see 1988, Jessica Ang.Art M. Lee, AB'90, is a student at the University ofColorado School of Law, and interning with the Colorado Supreme Court. Margaret Pumper, MBA'90,married Simon Ahn, AB'86, in August. Margaret is abusiness systems consultant with American Management Systems in Arlington, VA, and Simon is an associate at the law firm of Nourse & Bowks in New YorkCity. Navy Ensign William T. Shimeall, AB'90, recently completed the Officer Indoctrination School inNewport,RI.91 Sami Ahmad, MBA'91 , is a financial analystwith the ARCO Chemical Company, and living with his wife in Philadelphia. Francis V. DiPierro, MD '91, see 1988, Jessica Ang. Robert F.Hettinger, MBA'91 , is general manager of NorwoodMarketing Systems. Kara Joyner, AM '91, see 1945,Kathleen Taylor Joyner. Peter S. Kay, MD'91, see1988, Jessica Ang. James Kenneth Powell II,MDV'91, see 1951, James Kenneth Powell. RachelSturman, AB'91, is in India, taking part in a Hindilanguage program at the American Institute of IndianStudies in Varanasi. She writes that she has "alreadyexperienced monsoon weather with flooded streetsand sewers shooting water." Edward E. Whang,MD'91, and Inchel Yearn, MD'91, see 1988, JessicaAng.DEATHSTRUSTEESHart Perry, X'39, AM'40, a retired internationalcorporate executive and government official, died December 5 at his home near Germantown, NY. He was73 and died of cancer. Perry helped draft the legislation authorizing the U.S. Development Loan Fund,then helped organize the new agency in 1958. Thatagency was the prime source of American aid to foreign countries and eventually evolved into the currentAgency for International Development. He was atrustee of Bard College and the Asia Society of NewYork City, as well as a trustee of the University from1971 until 1983 , when he was named a life trustee. Survivors include his wife, Beatrice Gaidzik Perry,X'42; a son; and two grandchildren. Sydney Stein, Jr., PhB'23, trustee for the University since 1966 and a life trustee since 1971, died October 2 in Northwestern Memorial Hospital at age 89.He was the founder of a noted Chicago-based nationaladvising company and an adviser to President John F.Kennedy, as well as to various federal agencies. Heserved on the board of trustees for the Brookings Institution and was its vice chair from 1967 to 1970. Survivors include his wife, Nancy; three daughters; and fivegrandchildren.George H. Watkins, X'36, former vice presidentof the University and a life trustee, died of a stroke November 19. He was 78, and living in Cuernavaca,Morelos, Mexico. Vice president for Public Relationsand Development from 1951 to 1957, he became atrustee in 1968 and a life trustee in 1981. He was alsoUNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/FEBRUARY 1992 43an honorary trustee of the Baptist Theological Union.Both he and his wife, Catherine Pittman Watkins,AB'37, received the University Alumni Award in1964. He is survived by his wife; a daughter, SusanWatkins Parker, AB'65; two sons, Clyde Watkins,AB'67, and Marvin Watkins, AM'78; and sevengrandchildren.FACULTYNorman Nachtrieb, SB'36, PhD'41, professoremeritus of chemistry, died September 11 in PalosHeights, IL, at the age of75. His specialty was electrochemistry, particulary the properties of molten saltsand liquid metals, but he was best known for his teaching and textbooks. He co-wrote two undergraduatetextbooks and twice won the University's QuantrellAward for Excellence in Teaching. During World WarII he worked on the Manhattan Project, both at the U ofC and, later, in Los Alamos, NM. He became chair ofthe chemistry department in 1962; after nine years inthat position, he became associate dean of the physicalsciences division for four years. Survivors include hiswife, Marcia; a daughter; and a nephew, RobertNachtrieb, AB'67.George J. Stigler, PhD'38, [see also "ChicagoJournal"] Nobel Prize-winning economist and theCharles R. Walgreen distinguished service professoremeritus in economics and the Graduate School ofBusiness, died of heart failure December 1 at BernardMitchell Hospital. He was 80 years old, and lived inHyde Park. The author of numerous books on economics, including The Theory of Price, he helpedshape what has come to be known as the ChicagoSchool of Economics. He was respected for his contributions to the competitive organization of industry,the study of government regulation, and the economics of information, research which led to the 1982 Nobel Prize in economics. Stigler was editor of the Journal of Political Economy, and director of the Centerfor the Study of the Economy and the State, which hefounded at the University in 1977. He received the National Medal of Science in 1987. He is survived bythree sons, including David Stigler, JD'68, andStephen Stigler, professor and chair of the departmentof statistics at the University, and 11 grandchildren.Maynard C. Krueger, X' 30, professor emeritus ofeconomics and former executive director of International House, died of heart failure December 20 inPleasanton, CA. He won the Quantrell Award in 1959and was assistant dean of students from 1973-74.Among survivors are three daughters, including Linda K. MacLachlan, AB'57 and Karen K. Finn,X'57.STAFFDonald C. Morris, AB' 36, died of lung cancer October 22 at his Chevy Chase, MD, home. He was 75.He retired as managing editor of Advertising Age in1972, but continued to do free-lance work and editedthe University of Chicago Magazine from 1972 until1976. At the time of his death he was working on several writing projects, including a novel, some plays, andhis memoirs. Survivors include his wife, Mary Popa;a daughter; two sons; a sister; and four grandchildren.Sandra Donaldson, AM'78, a therapist, consultant, and supervisor in both the Department of ChildPsychiatry and the Laboratory Schools, died of cancerin her Hyde Park home at age 46. Before her illness,she was studying and teaching in the child psychotherapy program at the Chicago Institute of Psychoanalysis. Survivors include her mother, four sisters, and abrother.19105Sarah Reinwald Levinson, PhB' 14, died in May at44 UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/FEBRUARY 1992the age of 98. She graduated in the first class of theSchool of Commerce and Administration-now theSchool of Business. Survivcrs include her son, DanielLevinson, PhB'48, SB'54, MD'54; and a brother,Lester Reinwald, PhB'26, JD'27.Clarence Jones, SB'17, PhD'23, professor erneritus of geography at Northwestern University, died October 12 in Galesburg, IL. Chairing Northwestern'sgeography department from 1945 to 1961, he also directed a land classification program in Puerto Rico.Survivors include his wife, Ida Volk; two grandchildren; and four great-grandchildren.David C. Goldberg, X' 18, a retired surgeon, diedSeptember 19 in Palos Heights, IL. He practiced medicine for 59 years in Chicago and was honored, after 50years of practice, by the Illinois Medical Society. Survivors include two daughters, a son, six grandchildren, and five great-grandchildren.19205Jean Blach Adams, PhB'22, died September 25 atage 90. She was a 50-year member of the League ofWomen Voters and belonged to the Chicago SinaiCongregation. Survivors include a daughter, a son, sixgrandchildren, and five great-grandchildren.Howard L. Mawdsley, MD'22, died October 2.Survivors include his wife, Goldie, and a grandson,Alan Mawdsley, MBA' 86.Dorothy Church Weick, PhB'22, died November17. Survivors include her husband, Fred.Arnold D. Hoffman, SB'26, SM'31, a selfemployed petroleum geologist for more than 50 years,died October 16 at age 86. He worked for oil companies across the country as well as the U. S. GeologicalSurvey, and belonged to the American Association ofPetroleum Geologists. Survivors include a son,Ralph Hoffman, AB'78; a brother; a sister, Ednabelle Hoffman Hertz, PhB'28, JD'30; and twograndchildren.Ashford M. Wood, PhB'26, died August 22 in Arcadia, CA. He worked in the electronics business until1990. Survivors include his wife, Barbara; two sons;and ten grandchildren.Anthony Bay, SB'27, MD'31, a practicing physician in Chicago for 56 years, died in May. Survivorsinclude his wife, Janice, and a daughter.LeslieL. Bradley, PhB'27, AM'63, died October 4in Oak Park, IL, at age 86. A professor at Wright Junior College for 24 years, he was a member of the TauKappa Epsilon Fraternity and the Oak Park LibraryGreat Books group. Survivors include his wife, Martha Hunter Bradley, PhB'27, MAT'30; a daughter,Eleanor Bradley Bond, SB'46; one grandchild; andtwo great-grandchildren.Elva Westbrook Edwards, PhB'27, AM'28, diedMay 5 at age 87. A former area manager for WorldBook Encyclopedia, she was active in the OkemosCommunity Church, the Lansing-East Lansingbranch of the American Association for UniversityWomen, and the Okemos Senior Citizens. Survivorsinclude a daughter, two sons, eight grandchildren, onegreat-grandchild,. a brother, a sister, and a cousin,Burr Eichelman, SB'64, MD'68, PhD'70.Thad Carpenter Hoke, SB'27, died August 6 inGulfport, TX. He was the company geologist atMarshall R. Young Oil Co. in Fort Worth, TX, until heretired in 1965. Survivors include two sons and fourgrandchildren.Ethel Verry Knight, X '27, former executive director of the Chicago Child Care Society, died August 3 atage 92. In 1953 she was asked to lead a program, theLeft Out Children, which worked to find places forchildren not served by religious or municipal agencies-it is estimated that she helped find homes, or at leastbetter surroundings, for more than 10,000 children,and child care agencies around the country sought heradvice. Survivors include her husband, Frank, a for- mer economics professor at the University; two sons;and three grandchildren.Fred G. Jones, PhB'28, died in February 1991. Heis survived by his wife, Virginia H. Jones, PhB'28.Frances Ruth Alcock Byrne, PhB '29, died on October 15. She was an English teacher at Bowen HighSchool until her retirement.Harry Isenberg, PhB'29, AM'42, died October 5of a heart attack. He is survived by his wife, VivianGoodman Isenberg, AB'39.19305Rudd Fleming, PhB'30, professor emeritus of literature and creative writing at the University of Maryland, and a noted translator of Greek literature, died ofa stroke October 22, in Washington D. C. A frequentcontributor of reviews of modern poetry to The Washington Post, he translated, with Ezra Pound, Euripides' Electra; authored the mystery novel Cradled inMurder; and translated Sophocles' Seven AgainstThebes. Survivors include his wife, Mary; four children; a sister; fifteen grandchildren; and six greatgrandchildren.William H. Garvey, Jr., PhB'30, died in May. Survivors include his wife, Evaline McNeil Garvey,X'35.Egbert H. Fell, MD'31, professor emeritus of surgery at Rush Medical College, died October 18, inOlympia, WA. From 1947 to 1965 he was a cardiacsurgeon at Presbyterian and Cook County hospitals inChicago. He then was attending surgeon for the American Mission Hospital in Kuwait; the Haile SelassiePublic Health College in Gandar, Ethiopia; and theKona Hospital in Kona, HI. Survivors include his son,Thomas Fell, MD'63.WilliamS. Minor, DB'31, PhD'71, retired adjunctprofessor of speech communication at Southern Illinois University at Carbondale, died November 3 atage 90. A specialist in the philosophy of creativity andcreative communication, he set up an organization tostudy creativity in 1952, the Society for PhilosophY ofCreativity, with divisions in the U.S. and abroad. survivors include two sisters.Peter N. Todhunter, PhB'32, JD'37, a retired Chicago attorney, died October 18 at age 81. He was pastpresident of the U of C's alumni association as well as afounding board member ofthe Fine Arts Music Fo�ndation, now Chamber Music Chicago. Survivors Include his wife, Jane; a son; four daughters; two brotll-ers; three sisters; and nine grandchildren.Homer Jensen, X'35, a pioneer in aerial searclle�for oil and mineral sources, died October 5 of cancer�_age 77. Assigned to a team devising weaponry forboat hunters in World War II, he co-invented tllemagnetometer, a device that detects metallic objeC�Sby measuring slight distortions in the earth's magnetiCfield. He held 19 U.S. and foreign patents, and wa;working on another at the time of his death. survivordinclude his wife, Claire; a brother; five children; anfive grandchildren. tEdward W. Boehm, Jr., AB'36, former presidelldof E. W. Boehm Co., died October 6. He later owner10 -and operated Blakely's Department Store in ray 0ville, IL. Survivors include his wife, Lucille; tWsons; two grandchildren; and a brother. bllJohn H. Shiner, AB '37, was still active in the 10J)Shiner Insurance Agency at the time of his deatll �oMarch 16. Survivors include his wife, Jane, and tttsons: Whitney Shiner, AB' 71 , AM' 80, and BeooeShiner, AB'68. BeLouis H. Spector, MD'37, died on May 17: rSpracticed for 52 years in family medicine. survI�oinclude his wife, Bessie. -fes-Joan Catherine Crocker Lomax, AM'39, prcol-sor emeritus of political science at Montgomery 'J)e,lege, died November 1990 at her home in ��CkVISciMD. She chaired the department of pohucalence, and later the department of political science, geography, and public service. She also helped launchthe college's police science and criminal justice programs. Survivors include her husband, W. Richard;two sons; a daughter; two grandchildren; and a sister.19405Alexander R. Craw, X' 41, died January 17, 1991,as a result of complications due to Parkinson's Syndrome. Survivors include his wife,Dorothy.John L. Harr, PhD' 41, professor emeritus of history and social science at Northwest Missouri StateUniversity, died September 10 at age 77. He was the official university athletics timekeeper for 24 years, onthe Governor's Advisory Council on Historic Placesfor 12 years, and a member of the mission committeefor the state's coordinating board of higher education.Survivors include his wife, Helen; three sons; adaughter; and nine grandchildren.Douglas P. Krause, SB' 42, died September 21. Achemist, he worked with the group that split the atomin 1942, and went on to a career at Bar Ridge NationalLaboratory, Argonne Laboratory, and General Motors Research Laboratories. Survivors include hiswife, Beatrice.Margaret Williams Bates, AB' 44, died of a strokeon November 19. Survivors include her husband,Lawrence J, Bates, SB'44.George D. Stierer, X'45, died at his home in Harston, England, on July 24. He was 68 years old, a severely wounded veteran of World War II. Survivors include his wife, Kathy; five children; and a brother,Robert Stierer, AB' 43.Robert Kasanof, AB' 49, JD' 52, a New York criminallawyer who served as chair of the city's Board ofCorrections until April 1991, died of a heart attack inNovember. He was director of the Legal Aid Societyfrom 1969 to 1971 and again from 1974 to 1983, and afrequent lecturer on computer crime. Survivors include his wife, Stephanie; a son; and a daughter.19505Elmer C. Gast, MAT' 51, a former superintendentof the Ardsley Union Free School District, died of aheart attack November 2 in White Plains, NY. He wasactive in a variety of church leadership positionsthroughout his adult life, including nearly 20 years astinance committee chair of Ardsley United MethodistChurch. Survivors include his wife, Alice Mae; twoSons, including David W. Gast, JD'71; a daughter;and six grandchildren.William V. Donaldson, X'52, died November 22.Survivors include his wife, Ann.Robert O. Dunkel, AB'52, MBA'55 , died November 23 in Winston-Salem, NC. A former partner withKPMG Peat Marwick for 25 years, he was a certifiedpublic accountant who specialized in tax matters. Survivors include a daughter, three sons, and a sister.Judith Steiner Rudolph, AM'53, died October 7.Survivors include her husband, Robert M. Rudolph,MBA'S4; three sons, including Alexander Rudolph,SM'84, PhD'88; and two grandchildren.John Harrington, MFA' 57, died October 16 of cancer. He was 70. A Chicago public schools art teacherfor 23 years, Harrington was also a free-lance artist,drawing cartoons and spot art for columnists. Survivors include his wife, Geraldine; eight children; and12 grandchildren.William R. Cutter, MBA'58, died June 11 of cancer. Survivors include his wife, Ruth.19605Gail Paradise Kelly, AB'62, died in January 1991.Survivors include her husband, David H. Kelly,AB'65. Jack E. Holmes, PhD'64, died May 21. Survivorsinclude his wife, C. Beverly.Kathryn Dowley Coe, AB'69, died July 4 in Mission Viejo, CA, following an automobile accident.She was 68. Until her retirement in 1985, she was a licensed clinical social worker in Connecticut, Ohio,and California. She also volunteered for NOW, ProChoice, and the League of Women Voters. Survivorsinclude her husband, Buckner; four children; onegrandchild; two brothers; and a niece, Gillian McNamee, MST'76.William P. MacLean III, PhD'69, died of canceron October 15. Survivors include his wife, Ellen, andhis father, William P. MacLean, AB'42.19805Alvaro Alban De La Guardia, MBA'80, died inMarch. After having served in Panama's public sectorat the Ministry of Economic Planning, the NationalInvestment Council, and as director of finance for theSocial Security system, De La Guardia resigned inprotest over the direction Panama's government wasmoving in 1987. Survivors include his mother, a sister,and two nephews. 'Cornelis V. DeGeus, MBA' 85 , director of recycling for the Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection, Division of Solid Waste Management, died July 21 at age 32. Active in the PaulistCenter community as a member of its finance, fundraising, and five-year strategic planning committees,he was also a sponsor of the U.S. Peace Corps Partnership Program and the Christian Children's Fund. Survivors include his wife, Linda, and two brothers. 'NOTICE OF DEATHRECEIVED:Margaret Schram Hawks, SB' 17, JuneLillian Howard Ford, X'23Clementine Jasinski Urbanowicz, PhB'26,NovemberJosephine Thrner Coy, SB'28, SeptemberRobert A. Thomas, X'30Henrietta Wamstad Collins, PhB'31, AM'36,December 1990Ralph E. Darby, PhB'32, OctoberFlorence Broady, JD'34, JulyAlmeda 1. Garland, SM'34, February 1991Harvey O. Werner, PhD'34, OctoberRalph M. McDermid, PhB'35, MarchLaurence W. Quaife, MD'35George A. Sather, MD'37F. Kenneth Worland, AB'37, JuneDorothy Allen Still, AM'38, AugustHelen W. McManus, AM'39Thomas S. Lehman, AM'41Arthur Sus, AB'42, MaySallie I. Jones, AM'43, AugustBruce Collins, X'43, X'54, AugustEvelyn Freeman Johnson, AB' 46, SeptemberLeone Wooden Wayne, MBA'48, November 1990Alexander Campbell, X'52, SeptemberBarbara Sherman, AM'56, PhD'62Fayette A. Lilly, MBA'58, June 1990Elmer N. Pagels, MBA'58, November 1990Velupillai Nadarajah, AM'62, AprilJohn 1. Quigley, MBA'64, February 1991John William Fenton, MBA'70, September..............................................BOOKS by AlumniARTS a LETTERSHolliday Trentman Day, AM'79, Power: ItsMyths and Mores in American Art, 1961-1991 (Indianapolis Museum of Art). This catalog, for the exhibition of the same name, examines the ways in whichAmerican art has mirrored power relations in American society over the last 30 years.Bruce Fleming, AM'78, An Essay in PostRomantic Literary Theory: Art, Artifact, and the Innocent Eye, Studies in Art and Literary Theory, Volume1 (Edwin Mellen Press). This book offers a theory ofart (with particular respect to literature) in which art isdefined as the situation of contact among the perceiver, the work, their common world, and what iscalled an "interest unit," whose perception is ensuredby the actions of an artist.Seymour Howard, AM' 51, PhD' 58, Antiquity Restored: Essays on the Afterlife of the Antique, Bibliotheca Artibus et Historiae series (IRSA Verlag).The essays trace the perception and uses of classicalart from antiquity to the present, focusing on the roleof restoration and patronage in the development ofmodern taste and dealing with social, psychological,technological, and formal (iconological) responses toclassical imagery.John Henry Waddell, X' 49, The Beauty of Individual Differences (Northland Press). Waddell describesthe development of his educational philosophythrough personal experience and then the continuingevolution of the resulting resident apprenticeship program at his studio. In the second section of the book,Ann Mealy gives a narrative account of her arrival atthe studio and her meeting with Waddell.Thomas J. Whitby, PhB'47, AM'52, Books inRussia and the Soviet Union (Otto Harrassowitz). Thismonograph traces the history of bibliography in Rus- sia from 1073 A.D. to the end of the pre-Gorbachevera, and is one of six in the collection, Books in Russiaand the Soviet Union: Past and Present.BIOGRAPHYJoseph Hamburger, AB'42, PhD'56, Contemplating Adultery: The Secret Life ofa Victorian Woman(Ballantine Books). Based on recently uncovered letters, the book gives an account of a struggle betweendesire and duty as Sarah Austin sought ways to escapethe constraints of marriage.Charles V. Hamilton, AM'57, PhD'64, AdamClayton Powell, Jr.: The Political Biography of anAmerican Dilemma (Atheneum Publishers). A preeminent minister, New York City's first black CityCouncil member, and a U. S. Representative for 26years, Powell had a career that spanned four decades.This is the first full-length biography of a controversialand complex political figure; Hamilton argues thatPowell's story is really the story of America's efforts tocome to grips with the dilemma of the race issue in thiscountry.Terrence E. O'Donnell, PhB'50, An Arrow in theEarth: General Joe Palmer and the Indians of Oregon(Oregon Historical Society Press). A biography of oneof the 19th century's most distinguished Indian agents.General Palmer, by his policies and practices, waslargely responsible for the survival of the NativeAmericans ofthe Northwest.Allan Peskin, AB'53, editor, Volunteers: The Mexican War Journals of Private Richard Coulter and Sergeant Thomas Barclay, Company E, Second Pennsylvania Infantry (Kent State University Press). Thisbook contains the diaries of two young Pennsylvaniaattorneys who fought from Vera Cruz to the Halls ofthe Montezumas during the Mexican War.UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/FEBRUARY 1992 45BUSINESS & ECONOMICSKym Anderson, AM'75, editor, New Silk Roads:East Asia and World Textile Markets (Cambridge University Press). Based on selected papers given at a recent conference which analyzed East Asia's changingrole in world fiber, textile, and clothing markets, thisvolume draws on trade and development theory as wellas historical evidence to trace the development of thesemarkets which are now dominated by Asia's newly industrialized economies.Kym Anderson, AM'75, and Richard Blackhurst,editors, The Greening of World Trade Issues (Harvester Wheatsheaf and the U ni versity of Michigan Press).Questions about the interrelationships between international trade and the environment are the subject ofanalysis in this book. The chapters, which are majorrevisions of papers prepared as background for theGATT Secretariat's annual report, are by internationaleconomists.Kym Anderson, AM'75, and Rodney Tyers, Global Effects of Liberalizing Trade in Farm Products(Harvester Wheatsheaf). For this book, the authorshave revised the estimates they prepared for the WorldBank in 1986, and included analysis of the policy issues that need to be addressed.Charles Banfe, X'39, Entrepreneur: From Zero toHero (Van Nostrand Reinhold). This book outlinesstrategies for recognizing a business opportunity andexploiting it. He includes profiles of industry figuressuch as William Simon, Peter Uberroth, Peter Drucker, and Thomas Watson.'Charles Banfe, X'39, Airline Management (prentice Hall). This textbook includes a history andbackground of the airline industry; developmentof air transport management, domestic and international; and current issues, trends, and problems in airtransport.Robert J, Calvin, X'53, Managing Salesfor Business Growth (AMACOM). Showing how to increasesales for growing businesses, this book details hiringthe right people the first time, training them to work efficiently within tight budgets, using computers to simplify the sales effort, and other practices.J. Elias Portnoy, MBA'79, Let the Seller Beware!The Complete Consumer Guide to Getting Your Moneys Worth (Macmillan Press). Drawing on the experience of the author and others, this book offers information on how to get customer satisfaction.Houston H. Stokes, AM'66, PhD'69, Specifyingand Diagnostically Testing Econometric Models(Quorum Books). With output from actual problems,this book discusses and illustrates a number of appliedeconometric techniques.CRITICISMKarelisa Voelker Hartigan, AM'66, PhD'70, Ambiguity and Self-Deception: The Apollo and ArtemisPlays of Euripides (Peter Lang). The actions of Apolloand Artemis motivate the plots of seven Euripideanplays, plots in which the themes of ambiguity and selfdeception are prominent. This book, analyzing eachplay, focuses primarily upon how these two ideas serveto illustrate the message of Euripides' drama.EDUCATIONPeter P. De Boer, PhD '68, Origins of Teacher Education at Calvin College, 1900-1930 (Edwin MellenPress). The book documents how teacher education atCalvin-first in the academy and later the college-helped the institution survive early competitionand define itself as a viable Christian liberal artsestablishment.Kenneth R. Gray, MBA'77, AM'78, Employment& Education: Strategies & Opportunities for Development (Masaki Publishers). This collection of essays46 UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/FEBRUARY 1992explores the relationship between education and employment and proposes strategies for employmentgeneration in Eastern Africa.Gilbert Schechtman, AB'51, AM'54, GettingDown to Cases: Scenarios for Report Writing (Prentice Hall). Providing simulated cases-including documents from real corporations, organizations, andgovernment -this book is to be used by students forwriting reports in business writing courses.Phyllis Levenstein Rothman, X'62, ParentToddler Book: A Model for Effective Intervention(Early Childhood Center, Los Angeles). A resourcefor professionals in early childhood, social work, pediatrics, and infant mental health, who intend to workwith young children and their parents. Interventionswith families are described around normal developmental concerns as well as disruptions in psychosocialdevelopment.FEMINIST STUDIESPhilipe. Kolin, AM'67, Shakespeare and FeministCriticism: An Annotated Bibliography and Commentary (Garland Publishing). Over 400 citations coverworks dealing with Shakespeare's women; questionsof gender, androgyny, and role playing; and Shakespeare's own views of women and his culture's response to those views. Also included are works criticalof feminist arguments.FICTION & POETRYSaul Bellow, X'39, Something to Remember MeBy: Three Tales (Signet). This book draws togetherthree of Bellow's recent short fictions: two novellas,The Theft and The Bellarosa Connection, published in1989, and an eponymous short story published inEsquire in 1990.Paul Carroll, AM'52, Chicago Tales (Big TableBooks). This collection of short stories focuses onChicagoans the author has met during his 60 years living in "The City of Big Shoulders."Blaise Levai, AM'46, Searchfor Freedom (Carleton Press). A view of the fall of British imperialism inIndia and the rise of Indian freedom through the eyesof a boy, Krishna, whose own development closelyparallels that of his country.S.J. Marks, AB'57, Something Grazes Our Hair(University ofIllinois Press). This book of poetry, by acontributing editor of The American Poetry Review,addresses the perennial concerns of love and death.J.e. Ransmeier, MD'37, Now is a Long Time (Accent on Books). Ransmeier's first book of poetry is aselection. from his poems written over three decades.Michael Swirsky, AB' 63, translator, Along theTracks, by Tamar Bergman (Houghton Mifflin).Based on a true story, this novel for young people describes the harrowing adventures of a Jewish boy separated from his family as they flee eastward across Russia in advance of the Nazi invasion.William M. Wilkerson, AB'40, Forty }ears Later:Florida after the Takeover (Distinctive Publishers).Written as a fantasy in the year 2030, this book suggests how Florida could be dominated by an organizedgroup of Hispanics confronting a world-wide population explosion.HISTORY ICURRENT EVENTSDaniel F. Calhoun, AM'51, PhD'59, Hungaryand Suez, 1956: An Exploration of Who Makes History(University Press of America). In 1956, while Britain,France, and Israel implemented their plan to bringdown Egypt's Col. Nasser, Soviet tanks crushed Hungary's attempt to break out of the Eastern bloc. Thisbook examines how decision-making in the one crisisaffected and even determined decisions made in theother. Robin L. Einhorn, AB'82, AM'83, PhD'88,Property Rules: Political Economy in Chicago,1833-1872 (University of Chicago Press). LinkingChicago's story with the national events of the Jacksonian and Civil War periods, the author reconstructs themechanics of municipal government and uses heranalysis to reinterpret the relationship between political and social structures in the 19th-century Americancity.Robert T. Handy, PhD'49, Undermined Establishment: Church-State Relations in America,)880-1920 (Princeton University Press). Handy examines what happened when the stable relationshipbetween American religious organizations and thestate was tested and challenged at the end of the 19thcentury.Donald Franklin Joyce, PhD '78, Black Book Publishers in the United States: A Historical Dictionary ofthe Presses, 1817-1990 (Greenwood Press). Thisbook offers individual histories of 46 black-ownedpublishing companies which have been addressing thespecial concerns of black people since the second decade of the 19th century.Peter J. Paris, AM'69, PhD'75, Black ReligiouSLeaders: Conflictin Unity (Westminster/John KnoxPress). An analysis of four black religious leaders whoreached the height of their power in the 1960s: MartinLuther King, Jr., Malcolm X, Joseph H. Jackson, andAdam Clayton Powell, Jr. While these men shared acommon goal-the eradication of racism from thepublic realm-their strategies were radically different, and therein lay their conflict.William M. Phillips, Jr., PhD' 57, An UnillustriouSAlliance: The African American and Jewish Americat'Communities (Greenwood Press). In this analysis ofthe relationships between the African American andJewish American communities during the last 100years, Phillips argues that the relationships betweenminority groups is as significant as those betweendominant and minority groups.Antanas J. Van Reenan, PhD'86, LithuanianDiaspora: Konigsberg to Chicago (University Pressof America). The book traces the development of aLithuanian sense of peoplehood and unravels their invisible configuration of values.MEDICINE & HEALTHNicholasA. Ashford, PhD'65, JD'72, and ClaudiaS. Miller, Chemical Exposures: Low Levels and HighStakes (Van Nostrand Reinhold). As much as 15 pe�cent of the population may suffer from hypersensitiv"ty to low levels of toxic chemicals, according to theNational Academy of Sciences. Based on a repo�commissioned by the New Jersey Department 0Health, this guide clarifies the nature of chemical sendsitivity, how it differs from traditional allergies, anf_how federal and state governments can assist those afected by exposure.POLITICAL SCIENCE a LAWJudithA.Baer, AM'71,PhD'74, WomeninAJ11eri-can Law:' The Struggle toward Equality from the He;Deal to the Present (Holmes & Meier Publishing)· ,comprehensive analysis of continuity and change l�the legal status of American women. Topics covereinclude constitutional law, employment, divorce, edl,!'cation, and reproductive rights. In-StephenP. Cohen, AB'57, AB'58, AM'59, Thedian Army (Oxford University Press). A revised verdsion of the standard study of the political, social, a�t_strategic roles of the Indian Army both during the �:l (1ish Raj and the post-independence years, this edlt10brings the book up to 1990. . orStephenP. Cohen, AB'57, AB'58, AM'59, edlt 0;Nuclear Proliferation in South Asia: The Prosp.ectsf�_Arms Control (Westview). This volume is the flrstJ1ljor attempt to construct a framework for confidencebuilding and arms control between India and Pakistan.Michael Conant, AM'46, PhD'49, 10'51, TheConstitution and the Economy (University ofOklahorna Press). Conant examines those clauses in the constitution that directly affect the economy and thoseconstitutional limitations construed by the SupremeCOUrt to have significant effect on the economy.Paul Finkelman, AM'72, PhD'76, and Stephen E.Gottlieb, editors, Toward a Usable Past: Liberty Under State Constitutions (University of Georgia Press).The essays in this book range from the late 18th century to the present and offer a series of case studies thatexamine the protection afforded individual rights bystate constitutions and state constitutional law.David M. Rothman, JD'62, California JudicialConduct Handbook (California Judges Association,San Francisco). The book collects all primary sourcem�terials on judicial ethics in California, togetherWIth an index. Using these materials, it provides aC?mprehensive categorization, summary, and analySl� of the ethical standards for California judges, along�Ith. a ?etailed explanation of the process of judicialIsclphne in California.llLIGION a PHILOSOPHYT �obert D. Haak, PhD'86, Habakkuk (E.1. Brill).thIS .book examines the prophecy of Habakkuk to de�rmllle the role which this prophet played in the com� ex.struggles of the seventh century-a time when theechne of the long-dominant Assyrian empire led tostr�ggles among the remaining powers, and the small�atJon of JUdah experienced conflict and confusion asI �ied to .survive the rapidly changing situation.it . �avld Hein, AM'77, Readings in Anglican Spirp uallty (Forward Movement Publications). This bookB'esents spiritual counseling on a range of topics byL an�ah More, Dorothy L. Sayers, John Donne, C.S.lieWls, Austin Farrer, William Law, E.B. Pusey, Wil/m Temple, and others. Hein's degree and year wereI�n incorrectly in the Dec. issue.In erner G. Jeanrond, PhD'84, Theological Herroe�eutics: Development and Significance (Crossto�)' �eanrond offers a comprehensive introductionin .e hIstory and significance of hermeneutical think-bIn t.heology.es' a�ldR. Kinsley, AM'66, PhD'70, The Goddess(StaMlrror:: Visions of the Divine from East and Ui>stcu te lJnIversity of New York Press). This book distra�:es goddess scholarship and offers detailed por-� s o� ten goddesses from different cultures.tion"ShnLeiber, AB'58, AM'60, PhD'67,AnInvitaCast t� Cog�itive Science (Basil Blackwell). This bookleq s Udwlg Wittgenstein as a Kuhnian anomaly col-J�;/or Alan Turing's new computational mind.of1': rey F. Meyer, AM'69, PhD'73, The DragonsSou��nQnme�: Beijing as a Sacred City (University ofthe Carolma Press). Meyer's book is a study ofWithcOsmic-religious meaning of traditional Beijing,cultucomparisons to holy and sacred cities in otherresFred' .ethi etIc G. Reamer, AM'75, PhD'78, AIDS andOf e�s (ColUmbia University Press). This collectionance SayS provides philosophical and practical guidthe A��ncer�i.ng the complex ethical issues created byAM'67 S cnslS. Contributors include Ronald Bayer,flhD'76' PhD'76; Gerald Oppenheimer, AM'65,Cente ,and Abigail Zuger, who was a fellow in theCenter for Medical Ethics at the U of C Medicalr.l{obertTrl?ights' s aer, ThM'67, DMN'69, Faith in HumanStrugg'Z upport in Religious Traditions for a Globalargues :h (Georgetown Universi�y Pres�) .. Th�s bookreligio at SUpport for human nghts within differentl{ay Us tradItIOns is evidence of a shared faith./he .enllIondL. Weiss, PhD'66, Maimonides' Ethics:COunter of Philosophic and Religious Morality Fond remembrances (see Fiction & Poetry)(University of Chicago Press). Weiss's book showshow Maimonides negotiated the quarrel betweenAthens and Jerusalem in the area of ethics.SCIENCE a TECHNOLOGYNicholas A. Ashford, PhD'65, 10'72, Christine 1.Spadafor, Dale B. Hattis, and Charles C. Caldart,Monitoring the Worker for Exposure and Disease(Johns Hopkins University Press). Human monitoring to supplement or replace environmental monitoring of toxic substances in the workplace has become acontroversial issue, and the authors provide characterizations of the types of monitoring now in use andan account. of the legal basis for OSHA monitoringrequirements.Nicholas A. Ashford, PhD'65, JD'72, Technology, Law and the Working Environment (Van NostrandReinhold). This book shows how to improve workingconditions through creative uses of workplace technology and application of relevant health and safetylaws.John Firor, SM'51, PhD'54, The Changing Atmosphere: A Global Challenge (Yale University Press).This is a non-technical review of the state of the science surrounding the three big problems with the atmosphere-acid rain, ozone depletion, and climateheating-and a discussion of possible responses.Percival David and Dean H. Kenyon, SB'61, OfPandas and People: The Central Question of Biological Origins (Houghton Publishing Co.). This supplemental textbook examines the evolutionary andintelligent-design interpretations of six lines of scientific evidence bearing on biologic origins.John E. Gilbert and Margaret A.M. Murray,SB '79, Clifford Algebras and Dirac Operators in Harmonic Analysis, Cambridge Studies in AdvancedMathematics Series, Volume 26 (Cambridge University Press). Clifford algebras provide a generalizationof the complex numbers in higher dimensions. In thisbook, the authors explore the interplay among Clifford algebra ideas, partial differential equations, geometry, group representations, and complex analysis,providing a comprehensive introduction to this theory.Bernard G. Sarnat, SB'33, MD'37, Andrew D.Dixon, andDavidA.N. Hoyte, editors, Fundamentals 'of Bone Growth: Methodology and Applications (CRCPress). This book presents the proceedings from theThird International Conference on the Fundamentalsof Bone Formation, held at UCLA in 1990. Participants included experts from around the world and presentations and discussions covered a variety of different methods and approaches used in bone research.SOCIAL SCIENCESEastwood Atwater, PhD'69, Adolescence (Prentice Hall). An undergraduate text relating adolescentdevelopment to its larger social and cultural contexts,including the impact of social change.Kevin Avruch, AB'72, Peter Black, and JosephScimecca, editors, Conflict Resolution: CrossCultural Perspectives (Greenwood Press). From thepoint of view of conflict resolution as an emerging discipline, this collection of comparable case studies addresses the need to assess modes of conflict resolutionin their larger sociocultural contexts, with attention tovarying approaches and cultural perspectives.Geoffrey A. Clark, PhD'71, editor, Perspectiveson the Past: Theoretical Biases in MediterraneanHunter-Gatherer Research (University of Pennsylvania Press). Twenty-two essays by American and European archaeologists demonstrate that archaeologydoes not advance on the basis of facts, but rather thatfacts do not exist apart from the conceptual frameworks that define them. The book shows how knowledge of the past is contingent on and largely determined by the social and intellectual milieus in whichthose who study it have received their training.Paul T. CostaJr., AM'68, PhD'70, and Robert R.McCrae, Personality in Adulthood (Guilford Publications). Research has shown that there is an extraordinary degree of stability in personality after the age of30. This book reverses the traditional concerns of howpersonality would change as the result of aging, andasks instead how enduring dispositions affect the process of aging and shape the individual's life course.Harville Hendrix, AM'65, PhD'71, Getting theLove You Want: A Guide for Couples (Henry Holt andSons). A psychological and spiritual discussion ofmarriage as a transformational process. Partner selection is based upon unconscious factors that result inconflict between complementary character structureswhich offers the opportunity for emotional healing,psychological growth, and spiritual evolution.Charles Garvin, AM'51, PhD'68, and John Tropman, Social Work in Contemporary Society (PrenticeHall). A social-ecological framework provides thebasis of a description and examination of the methodsused by social workers to achieve social and individualchange, as well as of the social welfare fields in whichthese methods are employed.Harry G. Lefever, AM'62, Turtle Bogue: AfroCaribbean Life and Culture in a Costa Rican Village(Susquehanna University Press). This work is an oralhistory and ethnography of the Afro-Caribbeans whosettled in Tortuguero, a small village in northeasternCosta Rica. The author uses the concept of Creole cultures and societies to analyze and interpret the descriptive ethnographic data in the book.Frank Vodvarka, MFA'70, and Joy MoniceMalnar, The Interior Dimension: A Theoretical Approach to Enclosed Space (Van Nostrand Reinhold).This survey probes theoretical issues in the design ofinterior space; the approach to these issues taken byimportant designers past and present; and the influence of fine arts, psychology, semiotics, and spatialcommunication systems on architectural design.For inclusion in "Books by Alumni," pleasesend the name of the book/its author, its publisher, and a short synopsis to the Books Editor,University of Chicago Magazine, 5757 WoodlawnAve., Chicago, IL 60637.UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/FEBRUARY 1992 47BacSouthSideStoriesA host of publicationsfrom reprints of classics tocampus guidebooksprovi�e centennialreading. o COMMEMORATE ITS CENTENNIAL,the University has overseen thepublication of a range of books, including histories, faculty profiles,and reprints of such classics as John Dewey'sThe School and the Society. Here's a samplingof that list:One in Spirit: A Retrospective View of theUniversity of Chicago on the Occasion of itsCentennial (University Publications Office,order through the U of C Press, $12.95). Anupdate of a 1973 history of University initiatives and issues over the last 100 years.Walking Guide to the Campus (UniversityPublications Office, order through the U of CBookstore, $4.95). This handbook provides apedestrian's approach to the campus grounds,gargoyles, and gothic spires.The University of Chicago Faculty: A Centennial View (U of C Library, Special Collections, $7.00). Published in conjunction with alibrary exhibit, this volume profiles scholarsfrom Enrico Fermi to Thorstein Veblen.Life on the Quads: A Centennial View of theStudent Experience at the University of Chicago (U of C Library, Special Collections,$7.00). This exhibition publication chroni-48 UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/FEBRUARY 1992 cles a century of student life.The University and the City: A CentennialView of the University of Chicago (U of C Library, Special Collections, $7.00; publicationin March 1992). This exhibition catalog examines the vital relationship between the University and the city of Chicago.Remembering the University of Chicago:Teachers, Scientists and Scholars, edited byrEdward Shils (U ofC Press, $24.95). Sociology professor Shils invited U of C notables towrite about their teachers and colleagues.Among the results: Robert Bork on EdwardLevi; Ronald Coase on George Stigler; and S.Chandrasekhar on Otto Struve.The Idea and Practice of General Education: An Account of the College of the University of Chicago, by present and former faculty(U of C Press, $12.95, March 1992). With anew preface by sociology professor DonaldN. Levine, this 1950 book explicates theHutchins College.Hutchins' University: A Memoir of the University of Chicago 1929-1950, by William H.McNeill (U of C Press, $24.95). HistorianMcNeill, a University student and teacherduring Hutchins' reign, provides a personalhistory of those years.Robert M. Hutchins: Portrait of an Educator, by Mary Ann Dzuback (U of C Press,$24.95). An educator's look at Hutchins putshis reforms into historical perspective.General Education in the Social Sciences'Centennial Reflections on the College of theUniversity of Chicago, edited by John MacAloon (U of C Press, $42.00 hardcover,$12.95 paperback, June 1992). Fourteen essays-by social scientists who as teachers orstudents were affected by the College's yearlong "Social Science 2" course-create a biography of one of the most influential courseSin American undergraduate education.How to OrderUniversity of Chicago Bookstore: To order,call the General Book Department at 8001723-6236, 3121702-7712, or fax 312!70Z-0821. Shipping is $4.00 per order minimum·Special Collections: To order, send a chec}{for the appropriate amount plus $3.00 postage(per order, not per book) to: Special Collections, Joseph Regenstein Library, 1100 East57th St. , Chicago, IL 60637.University of Chicago Press: All pr�ssbooks can be purchased at the UniversItYBookstore. Or call or write the U of C press,Order Department, 11030 S.· Langley AVenue, Chicago, IL 60637. 800/621-2736 of312/568-1550, Fax 312/660-2235.Opposite: A page from "The UnofficialUniversity of Chicago Centennial ColoringBook" (available at the U of C Bookstoreand the Seminary Co-op Bookstore).Oh, no! The B,School has takenover Harper! Does this spell theend of liberal education? Arethere any old guard, Great Bookshardliners to save the day? Weneed someone strong. Someonewho knows the truth. But,where is Hanna?Strike the pose: Lab Schools sculptors had more than enough material available to shape their chilly creations.THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINERobie House, 5757 WoodlawnChicago, IL 60637ADDRESS CORRECTION REQUESTED