-THE ^NIVERSITY OF OHICAGO MAGAZICMVOLUME LXXIINUMBER 2WINTER 1980SvËRSJ]#5 <1) 081¦iOn the cover: Robie HouseTHE UNIVERSITYOF CHICAGOMAGAZINEVolume LXXII, Number 2Winter 1980(ISSN 0041-9508)Alumni Association5757 S. WoodlawnChicago, Illinois 60637(312) 753-2175Président: Charles W. Boand, llb'33,MBA' 5 7Executive Director of UniversityAlumni Affairs:Peter Kountz, am'69, PhD'76Associate Director of University AlumniAffairs: Ruth HalloranNational Program Director: SylviaHohri, AB"77Chicago Area Program Director: MariaLedochowskiAlumni Schools Committee Director: J.Robert Bail, Jr.Second-class postage paid at Chicago,Illinois, and at additional mailing offices.Copyright 1980 by The University ofChicago. CONTENTSOn the Midway 2The Legacy 10Andrew PatnerThe State of the University 23Président Hanna H. GrayAd Hoc Commission on Alumni Affairs,Part II 28Alumni News 37Class Notes 40Letters to the Editor 50Crédits 5 1Musings from Alumni House 5 1Published quarterly Spring, Summer,Fall and Winter by The University ofChicago in coopération with the AlumniAssociation. Guest Editor: Paula S. Ausick, AB'72Assistant Editor: Linda ThorneON THE MIDWAYA Summary of the University BudgetAlthough the 1978-79 Universitybudget of $280,092,746 approved bythe Board of Trustées in June 1978 wasanticipated to show a year-end balance,midyear projections indicated that theUniversity might incur a déficit as largeas $3.8 million. Major reasons for thisimpending déficit according to PrésidentHanna H. Gray in a report to the facultywere the anticipated shortfalls in severalincome catégories and the need to in-crease substantially expenditures for bothlibrary acquisitions and opération.The déficit that actually materializedat the end of the 1978-79 fiscal year waseut to $483,000. This was achieved as aresuit of using a budgeted reserve of onemillion dollars in gift money from theprevious fiscal year and a 20 percent in-crease in unrestricted gifts to the University in this récent fiscal year.Increased expenditures of one milliondollars were approved in February 1978to the library budget. Increased expenditures for library materials and érosionin purchases of books and monographsdid not allow the library to operateefficiently under its already lean budget.The extra money has enabled the libraryto reverse a trend which saw the pur-chase of a few books each year.Effective energy conservation effortscontributed in reducing an anticipatedutility increase of 10 percent to 3 percent over budget. Académie andnonacademic units held their expenditures at or below budgeted levels. Aux-iliary enterprises (résidence halls andcommons, married student housing, busservice, and bookstore) has a year-enddéficit of $280,000 instead of the$500,000 included in the budget. Inother years, the subsidy from un restricted funds for such activities was asmuch as one million dollars.The hospital, largest of the auxiliaryenterprises, generated a net income of$3.4 million. The hospital moderniza-tion program assumed that a substantialpercentage of the net income generatedby the hospitals would be reserved toprovide part of the financing for theprogram. Over the period until1982-83, the plan projected total fundsfrom this source of $13 million. Theamount projected for 1978-79 was$1,750,000 and this amount was putinto reserve from the 1978-79 net income.The University Press maintained andstrengthened its position as the largest university press in the United States.The Press published 119 new hardbacktitles and added 88 new titles to its pa-perback lists. A major achievement wasthe publication of the Historical Atlas ofSouth Asia. Over forty journals are published by the Press with a combined sub-scription by more than 165,000 individ-uals and institutions.Other increases in income over themidyear projects were in student fées,earning on temporary investments, en-dowment income, and indirect cost re-covery.The 1979-80 University budget of$308,964,000, as adopted by the Boardof Trustées, shows an increase of 93percent over last year and a projecteddéficit of $3-76 million. (See Table I fordétails and comparisons with the1978-79 budget.)Some changes in budgets for particu-lar objectives merit spécial attention.Student aid, from both restricted andunrestricted sources, was increased by$1,270,000 (13.5 percent). When tui-tion increases were announced, thecommitment was made that student aidwould be increased by 10 percent.As viewed by the student, tuition isonly one part of the cost of attending theUniversity. For Collège students, thepercentage increase in the total of tuition, room, and board has been onlyslightly more than tuition alone since1970-71. This means that in terms ofthe Consumer Price Index (CPI) andusing 1970-71 money as the constantTABLE I: CONSOLIDATED BUDGET: REVENUES AND EXPENDITURESREVENUES (ESTIMATEDl 1978-79 1979-80 EXPENDITURES 1 APPROPRIATED) 1978-79 1979-80A. General Funds | Unrestricted) A. General Funds 1 Unrestricted)Student fées S .111.465.000 ï 39.900.000 Instruction and rescarch S 34.293.000 S 37.455.000Endowmeni income 8.725.000 H. 325.000 Library 4.910.000 6.501.000Income from temporary investments. royalties. Studenl services 3.485.000 3.805.000and other 6.750.000 7.572,000 Opération and maintenance of plant 15.243.000 16.316.000Indirect cost allowance 16.150.000 16.385.000 General administration 962.000 95 1 .000Gifts 5.100.000 4.100.000 Development and Public Affairs 2.380.000 3.318.000Oiher insiilulional support services 5.717.000 5.688.000Sludenl aid 5.700,000 5.958.000Tmtil Siaff benefiis — undi.stributedTotal _ 73. 190.000 76,282.000 72.690,000 79.992.000B. Reslricled Funds B. Restricted Funds (Excepl items C & D)Endowmcnt income 7.384.400 7.512.000 Instruction ;md rescarch 73.237.000 80.323.000Government conlracls and grants 41.671,900 49.105.000 Library 1.342.000 732.000Oiher 27.573.700 29.170.000 Student services 11,000 10.000Development and Public Affairs 330.000 _T->i,il 78.630.000 85.7S7.00O Total 78.630.000 85.787.000C. A Cad cm le Autiliary Enterprises C. Académie Auxiliary EnterprisesSludenl fecs 4.518.146 4.796.000 Prccollegiatc 4.601.146 4.882.000Endowmeni income 860.000 713.000 Hospitals und Clinics 93.267.000 106.528.000Palicnl-relatcd income 92.434.000 111.714.000 Humun Resources Cerner 1.410.000Government contracts and grants 400.000 338.01 M)Gifts and feesTotal 1.066.00099.278.146 1.363.000118.924.000 Total 99.278.146 112.950.000D. Auxiliary Enterprises D. Auxiliary EnterprisesBookstore 2.H58.000 2.600.000 Bookslore 2.858.000Housing and food services 8.482. 500 9.283.900 Housing and food services 8.785.500International Housc 1.266.000 1.375.000 International HouseCenterfor Conlinuing Education 1.471,000 817.200 Center for Conlinuing EducationUniversity Press 11.407.100 12.300.000 University PressMisccllancous aelivilics 3.510.000 3.813.900 Misccllancous aelivilics 3.640.00030.190.000 Total 29.494.600 30.235.000E. Consolfdaled Revenues (Total of A, B. C, D) S2S0.092.746 S3M.I8J.000 E. Consolidated Expenditures (Total of A. B. C, D) $280,092,746 $308,9*4.0002TABLE INTUITION IN CURRENT DOLLARS AND DEFLATED BY THE CONSUMERPRICE INDEX, 1970-71 THROUGH 1979-80COLLEGE GRADUATEDIVISIONS BUSINESS LAWCurrent Deflated Current Deflated Current Deflated Current Deflated1970-711971-721972-731973-741974-751975-761976-771977-781978-791979-80* 2,3252,4752,6252,8503,0003,2103,4203,7204,0954,500 2,3252,3912,4332,4192,2972,2982,3082,3542,3682,315 2,4752,6252,7753,0003,2103,4203,6303,9304,3054,740 2,4752,5362,5722,5472,4582,4482,4492,4872,4912,438 2,4752,6252,9253,1503,7503,7504,0504,4254,8755,555 2,4752,5362,7112,6742,8712.6842,7332,8012,8222,858 2,4752,6252,7753,0003,3003,6904,0504,3504,8005,460 2,4752,5362,5722,5472,5272,6412,7332,7532,7782,809*Assumes 1979-80 Consumer Price Index will be 12.5 percent above 1978-79,TABLE III: TUITION, ROOM, AND BOARD FOR UNDERGRADUATES AT THEUNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO AND FAMILY INCOMES IN THE UNITED STATES,1970-71 THROUGH 1979-80Tuition, Room,and Board Family Incomes* Tuition, Room, and Board asPercent of Family IncomeMédian 80thPercentile Médian 80thPercentile1970-711971-721972-731973-741974-751975-761976-771977-781978-791979-80 $3,585$3,861$4,065$4,425$4,690$5,010$5,395$5,868$6,405$7,038 $ 9,867$10,285$11,116$12,051$12,902$13,719$14,958$16,009$17,600$19,400 $15,531$16,218$17,760$19,253$20,690$22,036$23,923$26,000$28,600$31,500 36.3%37.4%36.5%36.7%36.4%36.5%36.1%36.7%36.3%36.3% 23.1%23.8%22.9%23.0%22.7%22.7%22.6%22.5%22.4%22.3%Source: Family income data from U.S. Bureau of Census, except last two years hâve been estimated.•Income data are for the calendar year of the first year of the fiscal period.dollar base, tuition, room, and boardhâve increased approximately 1 percentsince 1970-71. (See Table II.)Table III provides a comparison ofCollège tuition, room, and boardchanges with family incomes. Such acomparison is made to détermine if thecosts of attending collège hâve main-tained approximately the same re-lationship with family incomes since1970-71. Two measures of family incomes are presented — the médian income and the 80th percentile. The 80thpercentile income is used because little,if any, student aid is available for stu-dents from families with incomes at thatlevel or higher. If there is any trend inthe last two columns of Table III, therehas been a very small réduction in the percentage of family income requiredfor payment of tuition, room, and boardin the Collège.Even with the 10 percent increase inCollège tuition for 1979-80, Collègetuition remains substantially below thatof other major private universities andcollèges. The same statement applies tothe total of tuition, fées, room, andboard. Student financial aid from ailsources, including governmental andother restricted sources, for 1979-80 isexpected to be 13.5 percent greater thanduring the prior year.A 10 percent increase over the prioryear's revised budget for the library willmake it possible to hait and reverse thedécline in the number of monographspurchased. Despite modest salary increases andcontinued slight réduction in thenumber of faculty, a 9.2 percent increasein unrestricted expenditures for instruction and research has been alotted. Partof the increase is explained by the loss ofrestricted income that was used to support the central purposes of the divisions and schools during 1978-79- Ofthe $3,162,000 budgeted for instructionand research, approximately $600,000 isfor the replacement of restricted funds.Excluding purchased energy, a 1.9percent increase was budgeted for plantopérations and maintenance over theprior year.An increase of almost one milliondollars of unrestricted funds wasallocated to development and alumniaffairs. While décisions hâve been madethat hâve resulted in increased effort indevelopment and alumni affairs, approximately one-third of the budget increase replaces restricted funds that hadbeen used in the past for developmentexpenses. The budget for other compo-nents of development and public affairswas reduced by approximately eightpercent.The 1979-80 budget implies a réduction in the number of faculty and staff.The goal for réduction in the number ofstaff is 200. This réduction is to beachieved by attrition. The fact that thebudget calls for fewer staff does notmean that there has been a signifîcantgrowth in nonacademic staff in récentyears. Between October 1975 and Oc-tober 1978, the number of nonacademicstaff (full-and part-time) increased byabout 1 percent — from 8,003 to 8,096.If the hospitals and clinics are excluded,there was no increase in the rest of theUniversity.Réductions in the number of facultyand other économies that hâve resultedin the décline in the real expenditures orresources available to the Universityhâve not been enough to maintain abudget balance. There was a modestdéficit last year and there is a déficit of$3,755,000 in the budget for the currentfiscal year. To achieve a balanced budgetfor 1979-80 would require some com-bination of increased income or reducedexpenditures totalling more than 2 percent of planned expenditure levels.Since income levels included in thebudget are at or near the maximums thatseem possible, a balanced budget wouldhâve required expenditures more than 2percent below approved levels. How-ever, the approved level of expendituresreflected the élimination of approximately $4 million of expenditures thatwould hâve been considered appropriate3under less stringent financial conditions.The Board of Trustées agreed that theharm to the University would hâve beengreater from a further significant réduction in expenditures for 1979-80 thanfrom accepting an incursion into en-dowment funds. Studies that hâve beenmade during the past year indicate thatwithout further réductions in the scaleof the University, further efficiencies inthe use of resources, and significant increases in income, the déficit wouldgrow in the years ahead to approximately double the 1979-80 level. How-ever, continuing déficits are not feasibleand over the next three years it isplanned to eliminate the déficit.The information in this summary is takenfrom the report to the faculty of the University submitted by D. Gale Johnson, Provostand the Eliakim Hastings Moore Distin-guished Service Professor in the Departmentof Economies and in the Collège.Graduate Enrollment Crisis InvestigatedIn response to a national trend of de-clining graduate school enrollments atmajor universities and at the Universityof Chicago a faculty advisory Committeeon Enrollment appointed by PrésidentGray has issued a preliminary reportsuggesting various options open to theUniversity in dealing with a situation soserious to the future of the University,according to the report, "that a full faculty debate is necessary."The Enrollment Committee's report,issued last October, described thegraduate enrollment décline as "a threatto the existence of the University as wehâve known it." The Committee notedthat although the total applicants to theUniversity hâve increased by 19 percent, applications to the graduate divisions hâve fallen by 37 percent overthe past décade and the enrollment ofthe entire University has declined byseven percent. The Committee said thatunless something is done to alter thesituation, the présent trend suggests thatenrollment may fall from the 1978-79total of 8,003 to 7,200-7,400 by1983-84.The Committee, headed by NormanM. Bradburn, the Tiffany and MargaretBlake Distinguished Service Professorof Behavioral Sciences, did not makeany spécifie recommendations in what itdescribed as its "preliminary" report.Basing its recommendations on the be-lief that the University's enrollmentmust be kept to at least 8,000 studentsin order to maintain financial stability, Norman M. Bradburn, Chairman of theCommittee on University Enrollment.five possible responses to décline in enrollments and applications to thegraduate divisions were outlined:• heightening the recruitment ofgraduate students while also in-creasing the size of the Collège;• increasing significantly the size ofthe Collège;• adjusting the University's sizeand scope to maintain the présentratio of graduate students to under-graduate students;• increasing the sizes of the pro-fessional schools;• changing the orientation ofgraduate programs from doctoralprograms to more career-orientedmasters programs.The Enrollment Committee rejectedthe last two options stating that theprofessional schools are now operatingat top capacity and changing the natureof the graduate programs would involvea significant transformation of the natureof the faculty. The Committee furtherstated that changing the nature of thegraduate programs was no guarantee ofincreased enrollments. The report didnot recommend the current method ofoffsetting a décline in applications by increasing the admissions rate, as the report concluded that "we are now reach-ing a limit in what can be done withouteroding the quality of the graduate student body."According to the Commitee, the firstoption would only be feasible if thedownward trend in employment op- portunities was curtailed in five to sevenyears, by no means a certainty in theeyes of Committee members. But if thisoption were chosen, the committee pro-posed a more personalized applicationsprocédure and a larger emphasis on theplacement office's record in finding employment for graduâtes.The report claimed that increasing thesize of the Collège, the second option,would not require additional facultymembers because of the College's closeaffiliation with the graduate divisions.But the report noted that although increasing the Collège by three percent ayear would be a feasible goal, itmentioned that staffing problems hâvealready made it difficult to staff coreclasses. The Committee concluded that"expanding the Collège would appear tobe the path of least résistance, especiallysince we seem to be making progress inattracting a greater number of qualityundergraduates.""But of ail responses, it is potentiallythe most radical in its effect on the University, because it reverses the historicrelations between the divisions and theCollège . . . the distinctive character ofthe Collège and the University will belost."The third option of keeping the présent enrollment ratios would mean a décline in the Collège and necessitate afurther réduction in the size of the faculty, according to the report. A combi-nation of the various responses wasviewed as a possibility by the committee.The décline of fellowship funds wasnoted in the report, along with the suggestion that an increase in fellowshipfunding might invite highly qualifiedgraduate students to the University. TheCommittee stated that among ten comparable graduate programs, "Chicago iseither last or next to last in financial aidfor its graduate students. It offers thefewest teaching opportunities, it is thirdfrom last in available research assis-tantships, and it is next to last in thenumber of students receiving aid." Thereport added, however, that increasingthe amount of aid available would notnecessarily insure an increase ingraduate enrollments to a significant de-gree and it would undermine the University's financial position.The report emphasized that décline ingraduate enrollments is not limited tothe University of Chicago, but is com-mon to similar universities which aregraduate-research oriented. While thedécline has not been greatest at Chicago,the report stated that Chicago has beenamong the highest. Agreeing with pastcommittees which hâve cited the neigh-4borhood, climate, housing, and thequality of life at the University as con-tributing to declining enrollment, theCommittee spoke of the relatively smallamount of graduate financial support asanother possible factor."The direction the University shouldtake must be decided by its faculty aftera thorough exploration of the pos-sibilities," the report concluded. "Onlyan extensive faculty discussion and de-bate can establish what type of responsemix would hâve solid faculty support."The Enrollment Committee, formedduring the spring by Président Gray, wasto report on the future composition ofthe University. In addition to ChairmanNorman Bradburn, the Committee con-sisted of Alan Donagan, the Phyllis FayHorton Professor of Humanities andchairman of the philosophy department;Philip C. Hoffman, associate professorof pharmaceutical and physiological sciences; Norman H. Nachtrieb, professorof chemistry; Tetsuo Najita, professor ofhistory and Far Eastern languages anddirector of the Center for Far EasternStudies; and Thomas I. Whisler, professor and director of research in theGraduate School of Business. Serving asex-officio members of the committeewere Jonathan F. Fanton, vice présidentfor académie resources and institutionalplanning, Charles D. O'Connell, viceprésident and dean of students in theUniversity, and Jonathan Z. Smith, deanof the Collège.Dam to Succeed Johnson as ProvostKenneth W. Dam has been appointedProvost of the University effective July1, 1980. He will succeed D. GaleJohnson, who will complète a five-yearterm as provost this year.Dam is currently the Harold J. andMarion F. Green Professor in International Légal Studies at the Law Schoolof the University and director of theSchool's law and économies program.He has served on many Universitycommittees and during the last académieyear has been Spokesman of the Committee of the Council of the UniversitySenate. The spokesman is the leader ofthe executive body of the faculty senate.As provost, Dam will assume the position of senior académie officer of theUniversity under the Président. He willbe responsible for overseeing and ad-ministering the académie affairs of theinstitution with particular attention tohiring faculty and making tenure décisions.Dam joined the faculty in i960. Hereceived his undergraduate degree from Kenneth W. Dam, Provost-designate.the University of Kansas in 1954 and hisDoctor of Law from the University ofChicago in 1957. He served as assistantdirector for national security and international affairs of the fédéral Office ofManagement and Budget (1971-73) andexecutive director of the Council onEconomie Policy from February throughDecember of 1973. At various times,Dam has been a consultant to the Trea-sury Department, the AdministrativeConférence, the Commission on theOrganization of the Government for theConduct of Foreign Policy, and the Fédéral Trade Commission. He was also amember of the Advisory Council of theU.S. Patent and Trademark Office.D. Gale Johnson, the Eliakim Hast-ings Moore Distinguished Service Professor of Economies, will return toteaching and to research at the University. In a letter to the faculty announcingthe appointment of Dam, PrésidentHanna H. Gray said that Johnson's"contribution to the académie health andto the whole life of this University isimmeasurable and his commitment torigorous standards of quality has beenunflagging."Johnson has served as provost andchief budgetary officer since 1975 underPrésidents John Wilson and HannaGray. He has had to deal with retainingfaculty and attracting new faculty withina very tight fiscal framework. During histenure as provost, a hiring freeze on faculty was placed. Further réductions inthe size of the faculty are still beingformulated — a problem which Johnson'ssuccessor, Kenneth Dam, will hâve tostruggle with. Johnson has also served as Dean ofthe Social Sciences Division for twoterms (1960-70), Acting Director of theLibrary in 1971-72, Chairman of theEconomies Department from 1971-75,Spécial Assistant to the Président from1973-75, and Vice Président and Deanof the Faculties from February to December 1975.Greenleaf Named Assistant ProvostCynthia Greenleaf has been appointedAssistant Provost at the University. Shejoined the administrative staff in Octo-ber 1975 as Assistant to the Provost,Spécial Assistant to the Secretary of theBoard, and Analyst in the Office of theProvost.Greenleaf received a law degree fromGeorgetown University. She has servedas an assistant to the président ofRadcliffe Collège, acting dean of students at Smith Collège, and a researchassistant in the provost's office at theUniversity of Rochester.Goodman Mémorial Room DedicatedA renovated classroom of Swift Hall wasdedicated in memory of the late HowardGoodman at public cérémonies on Oc-tober 17. Goodman, a longtime businessman, Hyde Park résident, civicleader, and a trustée of the Universityand the Baptist Theological Union, diedin 1977 at âge 78.A gift from Mrs. Howard Goodmanfunded the rénovation. The HowardGoodman Mémorial Room, located onthe second floor of Swift Hall, will continue to serve as a classroom. The rénovation project involved the restorationof ail of the oak trim as well as the oaktablet-arm chairs which hâve been usedin the building since its opening in 1926.A relief map of biblical lands was alsocompletely restored. In addition, newcarpeting, an acoustical ceiling, lighting,and draperies were installed.The Goodman family's associationwith the University dates to its incep-tion. Edward Goodman was one of theoriginal twenty-one members of theUniversity's Board of Trustées, servingfrom 1890 to 1909- Howard Goodman,his grandson, served on that board from1942 until 1968, when he was namedLife Trustée. As a trustée, he chaired theCommittee on Campus Planning formany years and was an active supporterand worker in the University's fund-raising campaigns.The pipe organ of the University'sRockefeller Mémorial Chapel was re-built and modernized through a gift5from Howard Goodman and his wife in1975.Mitchell Pledge $14.5 Million toMédical CenterBernard A. Mitchell, founder of Jovan,the Chicago-based cosmetics and fragrance firm, pledged $14.5 million to-wards the University's $80.2 millionmodernization program for its MédicalCenter,The gift, according to PrésidentHanna H. Gray "will serve as a catalystfor our long-range plans to renew theclinical care facilities and strengthen re-lated académie programs in the MédicalCenter."Construction of a new 500-bed facilityat 58th Street and Maryland Avenue willreplace aging support and patient careunits now scattered throughout theMédical Center. Vacated areas will berenovated for patient care and académiepurposes when the new hospital is complétée!. The project will not resuit in anyincrease in the 721-bed capacity of theMédical Center.Robert B. Uretz, vice président forthe Médical Center and dean of the Division of Biological Sciences and ThePritzker School of Medicine said, "Ourclinical care facilities need to be updatedto allow us to continue to make possibleresearch, patient care, and teaching ofthe highest quality. Mr. Mitchell hashelped to insure that the need will bemet."Additional funding for the modernization program will be providedthrough a combination of internaifinancing, a fund drive, and bonds issuedthrough the Illinois Health FacilitiesAuthority.Mitchell was born in Chicago. He isthe founder, chairman of the board andchief executive officer of Jovan, Inc.,which was recently sold to the BeechamGroup, Ltd., a British pharmaceuticaland consumer products company. In1966, Mitchell funded the Marjorie &Bernard A. Mitchell Mammography In-stitute at St. Joseph's Hospital. In 1978,he established the Bernard A. MitchellRénal Dialysis Institute. He is a viceprésident of the Gastro-Intestinal Research Foundation, which is affiliatedwith the University.Of the University, Mitchell said that it"has long been a leader in médical éducation, research, and patient care. It isone of the few places that genuinelymake a différence. My family and I wantto help maintain and strengthen thattradition in the years ahead." W. Boyd Rayward, Dean of the GraduateLibrary SchoolRayward Dean of Graduate LibrarySchoolPrésident Hanna H. Gray appointed W.Boyd Rayward to the position of Deanof the Graduate Library School effectiveJanuary 1, 1980.Rayward is an associate professor inthe Library School and managing editorof Library Quarterly. He succeeds DonR. Swanson who served as dean from1963 to 1972 and, two years ago, whenthe post became vacant, he agreed toserve again. Swanson, a professor in theLibrary School, returns to his researchand teaching.In his new position as dean, Raywardplans to continue teaching courses onpublic libraries and international andcomparative librarianship. He receivedhis AB from the University of Sydney,Australia, in i960 and a diploma in librarianship from the University of NewSouth Wales in 1964. He received amaster's degree from the University ofIllinois and a doctorate from the University of Chicago in 1973. He has been aconsultant to the National Endowmentfor the Humanities' Cultural InstitutionsProgram and is a member of the Libraryof Congress National Advisory Boardfor the Center for the Book. Raywardhas served on many other professionaland governmental commissions andboards. In 1978, he was selected as aCouncil on Library Resources Fellow, todo a study of public libraries. Morrow Elected TrustéeThe trustées of the University ofChicago elected Richard M. Morrow,président of Standard Oil Company (In-diana), to serve on its board.Morrow received his undergraduatedegree from Ohio State University inmining and petroleum engineering. Hebegan to work for Standard in 1948. In1970 he became executive vice président of Amoco Chemicals Corporationand in 1974 he became président of thatcompany. He has been président ofStandard of Indiana since October 1978.Morrow is also a director of the FirstChicago Corporation and the First National Bank of Chicago and is a memberof the board of the American PetroleumInstitute.Regenstein Foundation to FundRénovation of Mandel HallThe Joseph and Helen RegensteinFoundation pledged $1,992,000 to theUniversity for a comprehensive rénovation of Mandel Hall.For seventy-six years, Mandel Hallhas served as the University's main auditorium for theater and music and faculty and student meetings. It has neverbeen renovated since its opening in1903.The rénovation, scheduled to beginthis autumn, will take about ten monthsto complète. Skidmore Owings & Merrill are the architects for the rénovationproject.Plans include improving the acous-tics, adding to the utility Systems, andbuilding a new stage. Side walls will bereplastered, main floor seats will be re-upholstered, and balcony seats will bereplaced. The entire hall will be car-peted. The stage will hâve a new floorand an apron. Behind the présent back-stage wall, a structure will be built toprovide new support space for the theater as well as a dock and storage area.In announcing the grant, PrésidentGray said that "we are enormouslygrateful to the Joseph and Helen Regenstein Foundation and to the members of the Regenstein family. I knowour appréciation will be shared by manygénérations of students, faculty, andstaff members of the University . . . andby ail who enter Mandel Hall to enrichand broaden their lives."Adams Named Dean of Social SciencesDivision for This YearRobert McCormick Adams, the HaroldH. Swift Distinguished Service Professor in the Oriental Institute and in the6Departments of Anthropology and NearEastern Languages and Civilizations, wasnamed Dean of the Social Sciences Division by Président Gray. He serves in thisposition until September 1980.William H. Kruskal, who has beendean of the division, received aGuggenheim fellowship and is spendingthe year working on his research. Kruskal is the Ernest DeWitt Burton Distin-guished Service Professor in the Department of Statistics, the Collège, and amember of the Committee on PublicPolicy Studies.Gurney Named Master of BiologicalSciences Collégiale DivisionDr. Clifford W. Gurney, SB'48, MD'51,has been named Master of the BiologicalSciences Collegiate Division for athree-year term effective October 1 . Hehas also been appointed Associate Deanof the Biological Sciences Division andAssociate Dean of the Collège. Gurneyis Professor in Medicine, Associate Director of the Franklin McLean MémorialResearch Institute, and a member of theCommittee on Public Policy Studies. Hesucceeds Edwin W. Taylor, professor inbiophysics and theoretical biology, theCollège, and chairman of the Department of Biology.Social Sciences Célébrâtes FiftiethAnniversaryOn December 16 and 17, scholars frommany institutions gathered at the University to participate in a weekend ofseminars and discussions commemorat-ing the fiftieth anniversary of the de-dication of the Social Sciences ResearchBuilding.The célébration marks the foundingof the first Social Sciences researchbuilding at an American university. TheUniversity established the first depart-ment of sociology in this country in1892 and has been a world leader in theentire range of social sciences sincethen.Eight of the world's leading social sci-entists were given honorary degrees atthe regular autumn convocation inRockefeller Chapel on December 18.Honorary degrees were presented to:Philip E. Converse, Professor andProgram Director of the Survey Research Center at the University ofMichigan. He is an internationally rec-ognized authority on political behaviorand has been a leader of a group atMichigan which has revolutionized the study of électoral behavior in this country and in the western world;Lee J. Cronback, the Vida JacksProfessor of Education at Stanford University, has been a leader in developingnew standards for educational and psy-chological tests and in the developmentof new materials and techniques of éducation;Otis Dudley Duncan, Professor ofSociology at the University of Arizona,is best known for his invention of amethod to measure occupational prestige and for his pioneering work on occupational mobility. He has shapedhuman ecology as a field within sociology;Clifford Geertz, Professor of SocialSciences at the Institute for AdvancedStudy in Princeton, is a recognizedleader in modem anthropology and theauthor of highly valued studies on Java,Morocco, and Bali;Erving Goffman, the BenjaminFranklin Professor of Anthropology andSociology at the University of Penn-sylvania, is widely known for his workon interpersonal transactions and theprésentation of self. The titles of hisbooks, such as the The Présentation ofSelfin Everyday Life, Asylums, Behavior inPublic Places and Interaction Ritual areknown far beyond the professionalgroups interested in sociology and anthropology;Lawrence Stone, Dodge Professorof History at Princeton and Director ofthe Shelby Cullom Davis Center forHistorical Studies there, is one of theworld's leading social historians, con-centrating on English society in six-teenth and seventeenth centuries. HisThe Crisis of Aristocracy and Family, Sexand Marriage: England 1500-1700 areworks of tremendous significance in English history;Jean-Pierre Vernant, Professor atthe Collège de France, laid thegroundwork for an anthropology of theancient and classical Greeks and is aleader of that scholarly tradition inFrance which is concerned with theideological content of culture ratherthan with the behavior of men in society.He pioneered the interprétation of earlyGreek culture in the terms of symbolicanthropology;William S. Vickrey, McVickerProfessor of Political Economy at Co-lumbia University, has made a distinct-ive contribution in the formulation ofthe concept of cumulative lifetime av-eraging under an income tax. His volume, Agenda for Progressive Taxation is aclassic in the économies of publicfinance. 1980: Rough Time of TransitionThree prominent business forecastershâve looked into the équivalent of économie tea leaves and hâve issued thesame gênerai forecast for the U.S. economy next year: 1980 will be a re-cessionary period marked by inflation,high unemployment, a large governmentdéficit and a low rate of Personal savings.However, the three authorities believethat the economy is moving through arough time of transition and into aperiod of prosperity in the décadeahead.The three experts issued their prog-nosis in Chicago at the 26th annualBusiness Forecast Luncheon, sponsoredby the University of Chicago GraduateSchool of Business and the ExecutiveProgram Club of the School. Thepanelists were Walter D. Fackler, Professor of Business Economies and Director of Management Programs at theGraduate School of Business, IrvingSchweiger, Professor of Marketing atthe same institution, and Béryl W.Sprinkel, Executive Vice Président andEconomist for Harris Trust and SavingsBank, Chicago. The luncheon was heldin the International Ballroom of theConrad Hilton Hôtel before an audience of over 2,000 business pro-fessionals. Richard N. Rosett, Dean ofthe Graduate School of Business andProfessor of Business Economies,served as moderator.Each speaker characterized the économie scénario for next year in a différent way, although each only reinforcedthe same, gloomy outlook for 1980 as anoff-year. Sprinkel termed the year a "re-newed inflationary recession";Schweiger called 1980 the "turn of thescrew" while Fackler said that he hadthat "sinking feeling in the pit of mystomach" one expériences as the rollercoaster car begins its descent.If America is ticketed for an économieroller coaster ride in 1980, the keyquestions are: how fast, how deep andhow long will the recession be? Facklerbelieves that the economy will follow adownward course for the first threequarters and then turn up in the finalquarter. Sprinkel and Schweiger concurthat the downturn in économie activitycould last for three quarters, but bothoffer significant caveats on the ultimateseverity of the recession.Sprinkel thinks that the severity willdépend "on the monetary-fiscal re-sponse as well as the pending price increase in oil" while Schweiger placesmore stress on important policy changesby the second quarter of 1980. By policychanges, both forecasters mean an eas-7ing of crédit restraints and passage of a$25-30 billion tax eut package. If thèsechanges are not made in the first half ofthe year, the recession will be more sub-stantial and persist into 1981.The overall picture for the economyin 1980, as sketched by the panelists,shows current Gross National Product(GNP) at $2,522 (Fackler) or $2,552(Schweiger and Sprinkel), the GeneralPrice Level rising between 8 and morethan 10%, Consumer and GovernmentSpending up sharply, with much of thegovernment rise (at least $10 billion, according to Fackler) occurring in DéfenseSpending. Business Spending will berelatively flat. Unemployment will aver-age about 7.5% for the year, althoughthe rate will surpass 8% during theperiod.Much of the responsibility for managing the 1980 economy will rest on theshoulders of the Fédéral Reserve System. The forecasters ail agrée that, by itsactions, that body will either capitulateto political pressures and accelerate therecovery too quickly, producing worsefuture inflation, or it will hold firrn andoversee the economy through a periodof short-term difficulty that will provehealthy for the ailing patient over thecoming décade. The other danger is oneof timing, according to the panel. TheFed must ease crédit restraints by thesecond quarter or plunge the economyinto a grave downturn.Acknowledging that the Fédéral Reserve has a "serious credibility gap,"Fackler wonders whether the Board andits Open Market Committee "reallyfound religion during their prayermeeting on Columbus Day weekend."He thinks not and spéculâtes that theFédéral Reserve will repeat its mistakenhistorical pattern of applying the brakeand then accelerator at the wrong timesand in the wrong proportions.Sprinkel countered with his beliefthat, this time, the Fed is serious. Hesees the strategy of Fédéral ReserveChairman Paul Volcker resulting in"more stable monetary growth in thefuture and hence less volatile économieperformance." Sprinkel went so far as tocall the monetary actions taken by theFed on October 6th as "the most important change since the removal of thegovernment bond peg in March 1951."The Harris Bank economist approved ofthe Fédéral Reserve's choice to con-centrate on regulating bank reservesgrowth and the monetary base ratherthan attempt to regulate both monetarygrowth and the Fédéral Funds rate. Itaugurs well, Sprinkel said, for bringinginflation under control. The three speakers ail saw interestrates moving downward in 1980. Sprinkel believed that the prime rate wouldaverage about 10% by the fourth quarter. His two counterparts thought that,while short-term rates should fall sub-stantially by the second quarter, long-term rates would not fall rapidly or bymuch until strong économie medicinecan crack the inflationary floor beneaththe current rates.On energy and the impact of oil priéesin 1980, Fackler foresaw substantial future increases giving the economystrong, négative jolts. His University ofChicago colleague, however, offered amore hopeful reading. Schweiger chal-lenged the conventional wisdom thatour energy-dependent situation wouldcontribute to "galloping inflation andultimate économie stagnation." Hecalled this attitude merely a projectionof the past into the future "without récognition of important changes that aretaking place."Schweiger cited the declining increases in energy consumption as realGNP rose; rather than growing by anequal percentage, energy consumptionis growing at only one-third the rate ofreal GNP. He said that, "the inflationarypotential of higher oil priées, while stillprésent, will not be as great in the futureas in 1979 and in 1974."There was one common ray of économie hope sighted by ail threeforecasters independently about the current and future recession: the AmericanEconomy may be sucessful in its attemptto correct what Schweiger termed, "themistaken and perverse governmentalpolicies of more than three décades.""Thèse policies," Schweiger continuer], "hâve discouraged investmentand increases in productivity, hâve im-posed huge regulatory costs without regard to benefits, hâve fueled inflationand led to a flight from the dollar withpersistent large government déficits.The energy policies of our governmenthâve been so self-destructive that theycould hardly hâve been improved uponby the Russians and the Arabs . . ."Fackler forecast that the 1980 recession would leave Americans, on a percapita basis, worse off than at présent.He paraphrased Mark Twain that, "Weare now rising fast from affluence topoverty."The three économie authorities heldthat, if the Fédéral Reserve can hold to adisciplined, long-run, anti-inflation policy under a heavy barrage of election-year rhetoric and promises and, if theslow growth in the money supply per-sists over the entire course of this busi ness cycle, then we can "expect renewedprosperity in the décade ahead," according to Sprinkel. That resuit, saidFackler, would mean that "the 1980 recession will not hâve been in vain." The Office of Public InformationVienna ModerneThe first major showing of modemViennese design, considered by some tobe a landmark exhibition, opened at theSmart Gallery January 10 on the final legof a tour which has taken the exhibitthrough New York, Oregon, andHouston. Vienna Moderne: 1889-1918,originally scheduled to appear at TheArt Institute of Chicago, is a collectionof the arts, designs, furniture, and décorations which developed at the turn ofthe century in Vienna.Included in the exhibition are theworks of the artisans and architecture-designers of the Vienna Sécessionwhose leaders, painter Gustav Klimtand architect Otto Wagner, broke withthe ruling académie establishment inorder to move Viennese art in the direction of Art Nouveau. AlthoughFrench Art Nouveau has become ex-tremely popular in the last few years, theViennese version of Art Nouveau hasonly recently received serious criticalattention. Vienna Moderne had a brieflife in the United States in the early1900s when New York's Lord andTaylor's once tried to turn the Vienneseart into a commercial success by dis-playing the art in a show. That exhibitdid little to enhance interest in ViennaModerne, and it is only now that theViennese art is being viewed as an important predecessor to modem art design."Vienna Moderne's brief but brillianttwenty years," said spécial curator forthe exhibition, Jans Ernest Adlmann,"was one of the earliest skirmishes in theimportant modem design confrontationbetween the camps of style andfunctionalism, ultimately creating a newenvironmental concept that formed thebasis of the Modem Style."Adlmann gathered together overthree-hundred pièces of furniture, textiles, porcelains, lithograph posters,silver and ceramics from Viennese andAmerican private collections."The people who were so pleasedwith our Frank Lloyd Wright show lastyear should return to see how much mensuch as Wright owed to the CentralEuropean artists and designers," saidEdward Maser, Director of the SmartGallery. "American art historians andcritics hâve always focused on French8and English designs of the period, butthe Vienna Moderne exhibit has a gooddeal to say about the enormous influence Viennese art at the century'sturn had on modem art movements."According to Adlmann, the ViennaModerne style is a combination of thedesigns of two Viennese associations,the Vienna Sécession and the WienerWerkstaette (Vienna Workshops). "Sécession Style" is what Adlmann termsthe Viennese "reassessment" of theFrench Art Nouveau, which was mostsuccessful in its craft and two-dimensional applications. Coupled withthe artists of the Vienna Workshops,whose artists emphasized the more sévère, utilitarian quality of art, the Sécession School became preoccupied with"the total quality of art." The resuit wasa wide range of Personal accessories,furnishings, and occasionally evenclothing. Vienna Moderne was largelysupported by Viennese Jewish patronsof the time — the families Wittgenstein,Henneberg, Mauthner, andRothschild — who were, according toAdlmann, "in flight from the merelymaterial" and "who pursued and created pure art which was hyper- Viennese.""There's no question that this exhibition will go far in bringing new attentionto a much-undervalued artistic move-ment," said John Keefe, guest curatorfor the show. "Everyone speaks of the famous Brauhaus movement and ArtDéco movement of the twenties, butVienna Moderne actually predates thosemovements. Until this exhibit none ofthèse works received attention in amajor American exhibit."Brentwood-Morris chair, 1900-06Josef HoffmannBrass desk accessories, ca. 1904, Otto WagnerThe LegacyAndrew PatnerThe Mind and the SpiritAs Robert Maynard Hutchins said in his installation ad-dress, "Had the first faculty met in a tent, this would stillhâve been a great university." When the plans of William Rainey Harper and the millions of John D. Rocke-feller finally merged in 1891, it was unclear just whatthe two had wrought. Harper had been lured away froman endowed professorship created expressly for him atYale by Rockefeller's pledge to support the nation's firstfull-fledged university. To bring together the finest ofminds in the country, Harper raided the faculties ofschools east and west, emerging with entire de-partments. In fact, after visiting Clark University, heconvinced more than half its faculty to join his enter-prise.Eight collège and university présidents came toChicago, and a ninth was soon to join them. Amongothers in the original faculty were Harry Pratt Judson ofMinnesota and Ernest Dewitt Burton of Newton Semi-nary, who would become, respectively, the second andthird présidents of the University. Rabbi Emil G.Hirsch, a biblical scholar, also joined the faculty. Hisgrandson, Edward Hirsch Levi, would become theeighth président.Harper proposed a school that would never shutdown; a summer quarter would make it the first year-round university. He saw a university with educationalofferings from pre-school to adult éducation with extension and correspondence schools as well. Harperplanned to pay full professors up to $7,000 (the goingrate was closer to $1,800) and to publish their works atthe first American university press. Women were to beadmitted on the same basis as men, and both on thestrength of their applications and willingness to learnrather than just on their grades. But with ail thèse and many other innovations, themost important was the most basic — this school was tobe neither a collège nor a graduate institution only. Itwas to be, in the words of one of Harper's chief rivais,Augustus Strong of Rochester, "Neither fish, flesh, norfowl." It would be a full university — the Americanmodel of the collège and the German concept of full-time graduate work. Harper himself had doubts. A pre-vious University of Chicago had closed its doors in1886, the victim of financial difficulties and a minisculeenrollment — manifestations of the city of Chicago's indifférence toward higher (and lower) éducation. Thefirst class of students at the new University was to bemade up of — well, Harper didn't really know. He hadn'tsettled on admissions for this class. The night before thefirst classes, September 30, 1892, Harper wonderedaloud to Judson, who served as his personal aide,whether any students would be coming at ail.Six hundred of them did come, nearly one-third weregraduate students. That morning, in the lecture room ofSilas Cobb Hall, the campus's only building (and un-finished at that), Harper's dreams became realized.Harper had arrived at that moment from even lessauspicious beginnings than the University itself. Born in1856, he was the son of a store-keeper in "Presbyterian"New Concord, Ohio. He was something of a prodigy.By the âge of ten, he had read everything his parentscould find for him. New Concord was a one-industrytown, and Muskingum Collège was that industry.Harper enrolled and earned a bachelor's degree at theâge of thirteen along with an unquenchable interest inancient Hebrew. His parents were unwilling to sendhim away for advanced study at fourteen. So, Harpercontented himself with helping out at the store. But healready had an instinct for organization, and it led him toform the New Concord Band.In 1873, Harper left for Yale, one of the few schoolsoffering advanced degrees, and they also taught He-10William Rainey Harper1881-1906brew. With a doctorate at nineteen, Harper returned toMuskingum Collège to marry the president's daughter,Harper's childhood sweetheart and second cousin EllaPaul.The Harpers went to Denison Collège where Harpertaught for awhile. Then on to Maçon, Tennessee, there,he assumed the principalship of Masonic Collège.Harper's main achievement in his first administrativerôle was the organization of his second band.By now Harper had converted to Baptism, and hecaught the attention of the trustées of the BaptistTheological Union Seminary in Morgan Park, Illinois, aChicago suburb. They persuaded him to come to Morgan Park to develop his Hebrew program. The ancientlanguage and the portly professor gained great popular-ity at the Seminary. Shortly thereafter, Harper started acorrespondence school.With thousands of people across the country enrolledin his course, Harper's réputation grew. The Chicagoarea Baptists saw him as the perfect man to save the oldUniversity of Chicago. But bolstering a dying collègewas not in Harper's plans. In 1886, he accepted an offerfrom Yale to head their Department of Semitic Lan-guages and Literatures. While at Yale, his enterpriseshad burgeoned — the correspondence schools, two scholarly journals, and the principalship of Chautauqua.The old University of Chicago closed, but the dreamsof the Chicago Baptists did not die with it. Led by T. W.Goodspeed, the Baptists continued to ask Harper andRockefeller for their assistance in forming a new school.The story of the founding of the University is toldelsewhere, and in greater détail. Suffice it to say that thephilanthropist finally found his cause, and the educatorhis provider.Harper's university was a success. Its faculty con-tinually gained members and prestige. Graduate schoolsof law, business, and social service were established. Anaffiliation agreement was made with Rush Médical Collège for the instruction of medicine. Albert Michelson,professor of physics, was the first American to win aNobel prize for his discovery of a means for measuringthe size of stars.Harper did not stop at the formation of the University. He served on the Chicago Board of Education andhelped found the American Association of Universitiesand the National Education Association. In the lastyears of his life, dying of stomach cancer, he completeda short treatise on the minor prophets, Amos andHosea, which he considered the crowning achievementof his life's work. He died in 1906 at the âge of forty-11nine. Harper was, in the words of Milton Mayer, "ayoung man in a hurry," and his death came as a greatblow to the young school.But his work did continue. Harry Pratt Judson, professor of international law, was elected acting président,an intérim post that a Chicago newspaper thought wouldpave the way for Théodore Roosevelt to head the University. Harper's son Samuel became professor of Rus-sian and two of Harper's grandchildren are on the faculty today: Dr. Paul V. Harper, Jr., professor of surgery,and Jane Harper Overton, professor of biology.Insuring a FutureWhen the spéculations had ended, Judson was namedprésident. As one of his successors commented, Judsonwas "least known for his flights of daring originality."But in his sixteen-year term of office, he made an important contribution. Harper had run the University ona déficit, spending more than he could afford, and thenrunning to Rockefeller to make up the déficit. Judsonbalanced the budget within two years and maintained itso for the balance of his term. If Harper created theUniversity, Judson insured its future.Enrollment more than tripled from 4,000 to 13,000and Judson brought a faculty of nearly 1,050 to theQuadrangles which really were becoming quadranglesby this time. Buildings were erected, among themHarper Mémorial Library, completed in 1910 after sev-eral engineering mishaps including the collapse of theWest Tower.Président Judson continued to teach law during hisadministration. He had earned his bachelor's, master's,and doctorate at Williams Collège. He had been a professor of history at the University of Minnesota beforeHarper lured him to Chicago.Judson also pursued a personal interest in China,making a study-tour of its public health conditions in1914. The reports from this trip led to the establishment of the largest public hospital in China at Peking.Judson was also the first war-time président of theUniversity. He set a précèdent by putting the University at the service of the fédéral government duringWorld War I. Tension was high on the campus. Germanprofessors without tenure were asked to leave. Germanclasses were cancelled. Dormitories were converted tobarracks and many classes were cancelled in favor ofmilitary drills. A Student Officers' Training Corps wasestablished.After a while, both school and government rec-ognized the folly of most of thèse measures. The corps,barracks, and drills were abandoned. Judson directed Harry Pratt Judson1907-1923the Near East Relief Committee and traveled to Persiaand other nations recommending international aid forthe war-torn provinces.Judson's presidency had also seen the last gifts of JohnD. Rockefeller. In 1910, he presented the Universitywith the first of ten annual gifts of one million dollarseach, bringing his total gifts up to some $35 million.On the sixteenth anniversary of his élection, Judsonannounced his retirement. Lawrence Kimpton, whenlooking back at the history of the University from thevantage point of the 1950s, described it as a séries ofcycles of creativity followed by retrenchment (or moreaccurately, stabilization). Judson's presidency was thecompletion of the first such cycle.A Grand and Glorious CollègeThe logical successor to Judson was Ernest DeWittBurton, chairman of the Department of New TestamentLiterature and Interprétation, and a long-time friend ofHarper. Burton had been director of the University'slibraries since 1910, bringing them into national prom-inence. His six-month trip to China took him to areasthat no Western man had seen before, and gained greatpublicity for the University.However, at the âge of sixty-seven, Burton himselfwas unsure of his interest in the job. "I had distinctly inmind that I should, at about this time, retire from administration," he wrote. But Burton was a vibrant and12adventurous man, and even at his âge retirementseemed out of the question, for, he "had long ago de-cided that anything that could be finished in my lifetimewas necessarily too small to engross my full interest."So Burton turned his full interest towards a task thatwould continue well after he was gone — the further expansion of the University. In the less than two years ofhis presidency, Burton laid plans to nearly double thephysical area of the campus, embarking on enormousbuilding and fundraising campaigns. Chief among thèsewas his agreement with the Billings family to construct atwo-block médical group just west of the main Quad-rangle. Burton also saw the design and groundbreakingof the University Mémorial Chapel 'with the $1.5 million Rockefeller had earmarked for that purpose.But Burton's plans were not ail concerned with Illinois cément and Indiana limestone. Burton felt thatthe undergraduate branches of the University had beenneglected by Président Judson and that Harper's plansfor several distinct junior and senior collèges might hâveled to this neglect.Burton envisioned a grand and glorious Collège thatwould be a showcase for the latest educational techniques. He would place it on the University's SouthCampus, another gift from Rockefeller, and give it afulltime faculty and staff. At times, he even consideredErnest DeWitt Burton1923-1925 the establishment of a group of residential collègesmodeled on Systems at Oxford and Cambridge.But Burton could only offer thèse plans and lay theseed of further discussion. In May of 1925, at the âge ofsixty-nine, Burton died. He had stirred the Universityinto an expansionistic fervor, and his death left a voidthat caught the school off guard.The Board of Trustées carefully studied the positionof the University. A third of a century had passed sinceits trepidatious founding, and it was not indeed estab-lished. Several thousand graduâtes gave it a large andsupportive alumni. It had gained the respect of the nation for its achievements from the laboratory to thefootball field. It had expanded and seen many of itsoriginal faculty move on, through retirement, death andtransference. Perhaps it was time for a new and youngprésident to take it into a new era.Coopérative EffortsThey turned to Charles Max Mason, professor of math-ematical physics at the University of Wisconsin at Madi-son. Mason was considered to be a scientific dynamo,and though he had no administrative expérience, he hadbeen considered for the presidency at Wisconsin, hisaima mater. His invention of the Mason hydrophoneduring World War I enabled the American and Britishnavies to detect the German U-Boats, an invention soinstrumental in the ultimate defeat of the Germans thatthen-Secretary of the Navy Josephus Daniels called it"the single most valuable service of the war."Mason talked big to his new colleagues. He envisioned great coopérative efforts by the University andthe city fathers. "Town and Gown will at last be united,"wrote one newspaper. He promised the expansion ofthe idea of industrial institutes at the school. The trustées were sure that this was their man, the one whowould lead the University through perhaps two décadesof growth and famé.In June of 1927, E. B. Wilson of Harvard' s School ofPublic Health wrote to Charles Judd, of the University'sSchool of Education:I hope that your new Président Mason works out well, hehas always in the past had a way of being a very goodstarter and a very poor finisher, being of the fourflushertype that laid down his job about as soon as he had reallylearned it.Wilson's words would prove prophétie within a year. InMay of 1928, Mason announced, "with deepest regret,"his résignation and went to head the natural sciencesdivision of the newly-formed Rockefeller Foundation.13Charles Max Mason1925-1928Mason did later préside over the Foundation, and helater engaged in many scientific projects, including di-recting the Palomar Observatory.Mason made at least one major contribution to theUniversity. In the last year of his office, he had taken aninterest in the college-level instruction of the University, and carefully studied Burton's plans. He appointeda committee to examine thèse and other ideas on under-graduate éducation. Two of Mason's comments at thetime seemed to foretell something of the educationalrévolution that was to corne to the University in lessthan three years.I believe that opportunity and not compulsion should bethe spirit in the undergraduate collège.The University has the opportunity of abandoning thechildish game of marks and grades and emphasize the factthat éducation is fundamentally self-education.The Air is ElectricThe nation was booming in 1929, and the Universitywas not about to be left out of the activity. The Trustéesstill searched for youth. Though the forty-year-oldMason had let them down, they were sure the next président would last at least a décade. This man wouldgive the school the académie and spiritual boost itneeded. The search finally ended with the appointaientRobert Maynard Hutchins, thirty years old, and dean ofthe Yale Law School.If there were a man alive with the abundance ofcreativity and energy of William Rainey Harper, thenthis was he. Hutchins's father was président of BereaCollège, the expérimental school in Appalachian Ken-tucky. Hutchins had become, he said, "an educator atthe âge of eight. That was when my father was a professor and I started telling him what to do."If not truly at âge eight, then it was not much laterthat young Hutchins showed himself to be a molder ofmen rather than an average student. He attended Ober-lin Collège until 1917 when he joined the ambulancecorps in the First World War. He then fought with theItalian army receiving the Croce de Guerra for his service. He returned to the United States and completedhis collegiate studies at Yale where he duplicated hisfather's achievements there by winning the coveted De-Forest prize for original oratory and delivering thesalutatory address. Hutchins then divided his time between the mastery of a preparatory school and hisstudies at Yale Law School.While still a student, he was named secretary of theYale Corporation in 1923. Folio wing his graduationwith high honors from the law school in 1905, Hutchinswas made a professor, and within a year was tenured.With his customary self-deprecation Hutchins later re-called "I was [then] named professor of évidence because of my eminent qualifications for the job. Thosequalifications were that I had never taken a course in thesubject and knew nothing of it."Whether because of similar qualifications of genuineability, Hutchins was named dean of the law school in1926 at the âge of twenty-seven. In this capacity, heinstituted a new curriculum and founded the Yale Institute on Human Relations, an interdisciplinary "thinktank."With his presidential appointment Hutchins im-mediately took to the University and made that affection mutual. Tall and handsome, he spoke with author-ity and a strong sensé of humor. His wife converted thecoach house of the President's House into a studio tocontinue her award-winning work as a sculptor, and theHutchinses made it clear that they were there to stay.Hutchins was quickly shown the Mason committeereport on collège éducation. Long a foe of what hecalled the "adding machine éducation" of crédit accumulation, Hutchins found the report's recommenda-tion of the substitution of examinations for grades andcrédits as a perfect partner for the ideas of his friendMortimer J. Adler whom he had brought to the University from Columbia.14Adler had studied and then expanded the "GreatBooks" program at Columbia and was eager to in-corporate it into the regular offerings of the University.In the fall of 1931, Hutchins unveiled "the ChicagoPlan."Out went grades, crédits, électives, and mandatoryclass attendance. In came Plato, Aristotle, Newton, andthe Board of Examiners. The Board was set up to designand administer a set of annual comprehensive examina-dons, with corresponding placement exams, that wouldshow the progress of students through the gênerai éducation courses that soon became known as "the sacredfourteen." The great books of the Western world wouldbe offered to the students. Placement exams were givenin the humanities, and the social, natural, and physicalsciences. Depending upon the results of thèse examina-tions, the student would complète a number of courses,with a minimum of one year's résidence required, untilhe completed ail of the requisite examinations.The program began at the end of the sophomore yearof high school and ignored high school académie recordsin favor of examination performance. Students flockedto the campus to participate in "the great experiment."The experiment stayed, and by 1937 the last twoyears of University High School and the first two yearsof the Collège had been merged into a new unit, theFour- Year Collège which was given its own dean andstaff. In 1942, Hutchins won another significant battlein his "moral, intellectual, and spiritual révolution." TheUniversity would award the bachelor's degree at thecompletion of the four-year program, traditionally, theend of the sophomore year of collège.The Collège was not the only area that was shaken upby Hutchins. With the exception of three seasons withJay Berwanger "the One-Man Team," and winner of thefirst Heisman Trophy, football at the University hadbecome a relie. The "Monsters of the Midway" werenow two years younger than their opponents. With thegrowth of the state universities, the Maroons could nolonger compete in the Big Ten. In 1939, Hutchinsabolished intercollegiate football at the University.But Hutchins did not let Stagg Field go to waste. In1942, under the West Stands next to a locker room, ateam of scientists led by Nobel Lauréate Enrico Fermiset off the first self-sustaining nuclear chain reaction, adevelopment that led to the atomic bomb.By this time Hutchins was engaged in more dramaticeducational planning. He hoped to make ail professorsfull-time and abolish faculty rank. Ail outside earningswould be turned over to the University and professorswould be paid according to their personal need ratherthan their académie work. Hutchins sought to give morepower to the président in académie areas and to re-organize the Faculty Senate so that élection, and notseniority, would détermine its composition. Many of thèse reforms proved too much for the faculty, and in 1944 it was time for a showdown. A numberof prominent faculty issued a "Bill of Rights" and in asecond document known as "The Mémorial" they peti-tioned the trustées to intervene in the dispute. Hutchinsargued that his earlier reforms had merely been "thepushing over of pushovers," and that the protestedchanges were the substance of what he hoped to ac-complish in his administration.The Trustées met immediately and within two weeksof "The Mémorial" returned their answer. Except on thematter of modified powers for the président, where theyfound neither plan acceptable, the Trustées sided firmlywith Hutchins.Some of the changes were adopted. The Senate became an elected body, and new tenure and patentpolicies were established. Some of the more extrêmewere not implemented. Professors with families werenot paid more than bachelors, and the graduate andprofessional schools retained their relative autonomy.The University had grown and changed. The Collègehad emerged as a separate entity, and for the first andlast time, loomed over the graduate programs. Some ofthe changes were not so advantageous to the Universityor the Collège. Each now had a separate faculty, oneexclusively of teachers, the other dominated by re-searchers. The antagonisms between thèse groups, andbetween the entire faculty and the président filled thelast years of Hutchins's administration with tension. InRobert Maynard Hutchins1929-1951June of 195 1, after twenty-two years as président of theUniversity of Chicago, Hutchins resigned and becameassociate director of the Ford Foundation. Later he as-sumed directorship of the Fund for the Republic whichhe used for the most part to finance his Center for theStudy of Démocratie Institutions.Hutchins is probably the one man most associatedwith the University of Chicago. For longer than any onewho came before him, and probably any that will come,Hutchins presided over the University. One of themany changes that he was never able to make was theadoption of a new motto by the University. He foundthe original "Crescat Scientia; vita excolatur" (Let knowl-edge grow from more to more; and thus be human lifeenriched) too stuffy and perhaps even untrue. Insteadhe suggested a line from Walt Whitman, which, thoughnever used by the University, serves well as a commenton the man who proposed it:Solitary, singing in the West, I strike up for a new world.Robert Maynard Hutchins died in the summer of 1977at the âge of 78.A Period of RenewalAfter Hutchins, the Trustées sought a successor whowould be a sharp administrator rather than another expérimenter. The University endowment had declined,and the surrounding neighborhood had begun to changedrastically in its économie and racial composition.Hutchins's dévotion to académie concerns and con-troversies had left the practical aspects of the Universityunattended.Lawrence A. Kimpton, then vice président for development and former vice président and dean of thefaculties, was elected. Kimpton's initial title was chancelier because a reorganization of the administration inthe late 1940s created two separate offices — chancellorand président. However, after Kimpton took office, thetitle was changed back to président when it became apparent that two executive offices were not necessary.Kimpton saw his job as a regrouping after a battle.The University had just experienced, and endured, itsmost dynamic period, but after the golden âge a darkerone set in. The University had become locked into astéréotype. The Collège was no longer attractive to students who wanted early specialization, and withoutHutchins, much of the excitement in undergraduateéducation was gone. Kimpton remarked wryly on theenrollment décline in 1952 that "there is nothing wrong with it [the Collège] that several thousand studentswouldn't cure."Except for the Law School, the professional schoolshad largely been ignored in the rivalry between thefaculties of the divisions and the Collège during theHutchins years. Across the Midway, however, Hutchinshad appointed Edward Levi dean of the Law School, andLevi had done much to rebuild the school.The neigborhood was changing. With the continuingmovement of lower income blacks into the HydePark-Woodlawn area, slumlords and block-busters hadpreyed on the fears of white résidents for a profit.The "conversions" that people spoke about in the1950s were not of rental housing into condominiums,but rental apartments and single family homes into substandard, sub-divided housing. Some three-flats housedas many as sixteen différent families. Crime was on theupswing and long-time résidents began to leave. In afive-year period, Woodlawn changed from a nearly ailwhite neighborhood to a nearly ail black one. It wasdifficult to attract new faculty to the area, and the parents of prospective students were wary of sending theirchildren to what was now being termed an "inner-cityschool."At the same time as this décline, Hyde Park was expe-riencing a re-birth in other areas. After the war theneighborhood had become the home of much modemjazz as well as improvisational comedy and many avant-garde writers and poets. Hyde Park was the "beat" placein Chicago as the génération of the same name began togrow. An art colony along 57th Street had attractedmany small scale craftsmen and the young people had acommunity of their own centered around the University. Some were full-time students and some enrolled asstudents-at-large, but many took advantage of optionalclass attendance to spend very little time in the class-rooms.University officiais saw the neighborhood as detract-ing from the school's réputation and the community ofvirtual non-students as a drain on its académie re-sources. The Trustées considered moving the school toa distant suburb or even merging with Stanford. However, at the behest of many, including Kimpton, theychose instead to carve the community into one theywould find more comfortable.Along with several other community résidents,Kimpton called a meeting to address the problems ofcrime, conversions, and slumlords. The meeting electeda "Committee of Five" which then set up the South EastChicago Commission (SECC) with Kimpton as its président. After a short time, the Commission appointedJulian Levi, professor of urban studies and EdwardLevi's brother, as executive director.SECC quickly established a réputation as a crime-busting organization cleaning out sub-divided buildingsby pressing the city to enforce building codes. As its16Lawrence Alpheus Kimpton1951-1960success was demonstrated, the University increased itsfunding and the Commission became more and morethe action-arm of the University. When a group of University planners, including Julian Levi and Jack Meltzerissued its report on urban renewal, it was the Commission that carried it to city, state, and fédéral agencies forits adoption.The urban renewal plan drastically changed the faceof Hyde Park. Some fifty acres of land — apartments,homes, businesses, and taverns — were cleared and re-placed by row after row of anonymous townhouses, amonolithic apartment complex, and a lifeless shoppingcenter. The neighborhood was thus "stabilized"; crimeand decay reduced, but so was much of the community 'slife. With the removal of more than forty tav'erns andclubs as well as numerous businesses and apartments,the main arteries that had given Hyde Park life —especially 55th Street — were removed. Consequently,those people that did not fit into the University's imageof what the neighborhood should be like were dis-placed. Lower-income blacks, artisans, and the largegroups of "bohemians" and young people found thatthey were no longer wanted in Hyde Park.Urban renewal was thus an amalgam of slum clearanceand human displacement. While sub-divided buildingswere rehabilitated, stoveheated apartments razed, andcrime significantly decreased, so were many of thethings that made the community attractive to thoseaffiliated with the Unviersity destroyed. If urban renewal had any consistency, it was in its broad scope, itswholesale clearance, in Kimpton's own words, its sensé of "exigency." "The activities of my presidency weremarked by exigency; there were some dirty deeds to do. . . and I did them," said Kimpton.With the exception of the Hutchins Collège, no eventin the University's history has generated as much con-troversy as urban renewal. But hère, though the debatemay hâve been académie, the subject was not. The sub-ject hère was the life and lives of the community, andthe participants were not supporters of differing educa-tional théories, but people debating the future of theirhome.While Kimpton was "repairing neighborhoods," hewas also putting the University's own house in order.Some educational programs at the University hadreached a standstill while the University had spent millions on land acquisition and clearance. The Collège especially had been returned to its pre-Hutchins state ofdivision and inconsistency. The faculty had proposedvarious plans, and what emerged was a hodgepodge oftwo years of gênerai éducation under the supervision ofthe old Collège faculty, followed by two years of spe-cialization in one of the graduate divisions. In 1953, thebachelor's degree was returned to its traditional positionat the end of the fourth year of collège. Admission ofhigh school sophomores was discontinued, althoughqualified early entrants were still accepted on a limitedbasis.Lawrence Kimpton had studied philosophy at Stanford and at Cornell, but administration became his realinterest. While working on his doctorate, Kimpton became involved with the Telluride Association, an educational trust founded by L. L. Nunn, one of thepioneers of hydro-electric power. One of Nunn's otherprojects was Deep Springs Collège, an expérimentalschool for men located on a cattle ranch in the SierraNevada. In 1935, Deep Springs was teaching a GreatBooks program, and Kimpton was persuaded by Telluride to join this self-sustaining community of fortystudents and fifteen teachers as professor of philosophy.He soon became dean and director of the school and fora while after leaving Deep Springs, he ran his own cattleranch.After a year of ranching, Kimpton went to the University of Kansas City as dean of its collège. And fromKansas City, were he had been born in 1910, he came tothe University of Chicago as associate director of theMetallurgy Project, the cover name for the development of the atomic bomb. In 1943, he became chiefadministrator of the project, and at its completion wasappointed dean of students in the University. It wasKimpton who, in this capacity, represented the University at its withdrawal from the Big Ten.In 1946 he was named to the number two post in theUniversity by Hutchins, but he soon left it to becomedean of students at Stanford. Hutchins tried to convinceKimpton to return to the University and finally he was17successful in naming him vice président for development in 1950.Kimpton retired from the University in i960 to ac-cept a job in private industry. He served as a vice président and assistant to the chairman at Standard Oil anddied in 1977.Stability and UnrestKimpton's had been a difficult and perplexing presidency. Clearly the University had shored up: endow-ment had been increased by $100 million, the neighborhood had been transformed, and the school's publicimage began to improve, largely due to the increase inscientific activity at the University. But ail of this hadhappened in such a reactionary manner that the University now needed to recover from its own recovery.The trustées this time looked outside of the University for a new président. But while they had done this inthe 1920s to find a dynamic leader, they looked thistime for an even-handed administrator.They found him in George Wells Beadle, vice président and dean of the faculties at the California Instituteof Technology. Beadle had been awarded the NobelPrize in 1958 for his pioneering work in modem genet-George Wells Beadle1961-1968 ics. Born on a farm near Wahoo, Nebraska in 1903,Beadle had a réputation for Midwestern clear thinkingand soft speaking. It was this gentle scientist who wouldhâve to lead the University as it entered the turbulentsixties.Beadle's Nobel Prize was awarded for his work onNeurospora (Red bread mold). After bombarding themold with various types and quantifies of radioactivity,Beadle and his colleagues had been able to observe,predict, and regulate certain compositional changes.Their experiments showed that gènes act by regulatingchemical events, and Beadle's "one gene-one enzyme"theory put the study of gènes on a chemical basis andpaved the way for modem research into gènes and theireffect on heredity.Beadle took up science as the resuit of a crush on hishigh school science teacher and pursued it at the University of Nebraska where he earned his bachelor's andmaster's degrees. He took his doctorale at Cornell andthen held a variety of fellowships and professorships inbiology at Caltech, Harvard, and Stanford before re-turning to Caltech in the 1940s.Beadle's presidency was a relatively stable one. Afterthe radical actions of Hutchins and the strong reactionsof Kimpton, it fell to Beadle to strenghten the University without causing controversy. In dispute with thefédéral government over the control and developmentof électron particle accelerator development, Beadleproved a staunch advocate for Midwestern universitiesand the University in particular. In another tassle overthe National Défense Education Act (NDEA), Beadlesupported the idea of a loyalty oath, but opposed anaffidavit against communism on grounds of académiefreedom.Hutchins had been the first président to suffer thewrath of the faculty, and it was Beadle who had to firstface the students in an adversary situation. In 1962, thefirst "sit-in" in the University's history was held. Thirtyreprésentatives of the Congress on Racial Equality(CORE) positioned themselves in front of the president'soffice in the Administration Building to protest theUniversity's rental policies.As a part of the University's effort to "stabilize" theneighborhood, the school had purchased numerousapartment buildings, and it was the University's practiceto rent only to whites in buildings that were ail white.The administrators felt that renting to black tenantsmight cause more "white flight" from Hyde Park.Sit-ins were a new phenomenon in 1962. The University did little more than view the demonstrators as anuisance and issue a restatement, this time with an ex-planation, of their policy. After a few days, the studentsleft on their own accord. Beadle's handling of this sit-inset a précèdent for similar démonstrations in the future.The best way to react to a sit-in was to sit out. The18students could not occupy a building forever, but theadministrators could meet elsewhere for an indefiniteperiod.In 1966 a more serious démonstration took place.The Sélective Service had ruled that students applyingfor déferaient would hâve to submit their class rank tothe draftboard in addition to their académie record. Agroup known as the Students Against the Rank (SAR)demanded that the University withhold this informationfrom the Sélective Service, even though individual students requested that their rank be disclosed. SAR arguedthat by providing this information the University wasaiding the war and pitting its own students against eachother in a life-or-death compétition. Beadle counteredthat a student's record was his own, and the Universitywould provide it to whomever the student asked it to begiven.Students, faculty, and administrators became em-broiled in the debate. After the University refused toend its compliance with the Sélective Service ruling,four hundred students occupied the administrationbuilding. For four days the tensions mounted. The University agreed to "fuller discussion," and the sit-inended.This time, however, Beadle went before the FacultySenate to obtain their approval to discipline futuredemonstrators. Beadle, and his provost, Edward Levi,asked for powers of discipline "up to expulsion." Thefaculty accepted the proposai after bitter debate on avote of 268 to 46 with 130 abstentions.Discussions were held and some Sélective Servicepolicies had been modified, but the protest flared againin May of 1967. A variety of demands was put forwardby the students, but the rank was at the center of thecontroversy once again. When a sit-in of ninety studentswas held, Beadle asked for, and received, the suspension of fifty-eight of the students for periods of one tothree quarters. The rank issue waned, but as Beadle'spresidency came to a close there was an air of silenttension and perhaps even of anticipation of the morestirring unrest that was to come.George Beadle retired at the âge of sixty-five inNovember of 1968, having served the "firming up"purpose that he had been chosen for. The new LawSchool building had opened, recruitment of faculty andstudents had been successful and fundraising activitieshad increased the University's financial base. Beadle,now the William E. Wrather Distinguished ServiceProfessor Emeritus of Biology and the Collège, is theoldest surviving président emeritus. At several of hisHyde Park cornfields he is attempting to de-breed hyb-rid corn and he can often be seen in work clothes on hisway to till the soil. His wife, Muriel, is the author ofnumerous books, including one on the University,Where Has AU the Ivy Gone? The Intellectual MissionWhen the author John Gunther visited the University in1967 he asked faculty, trustées, and administrators"Who runs the University?" The simple reply he received from ail he asked was "Under Beadle, Levi."From his appointment as provost in 1962 until hisrésignation from the presidency in 1975, Edward H.Levi was a man in firm control. His understanding of theinner politics of the University, its faculty and administrators, earned him the réputation as one of the mostimportant, and powerful, présidents of the University.Levi' s héritage was scholarly and rabbinical. Hisgreat-grandfather was chief rabbi of Luxembourg and aleading figure in European Orthodox Jewry. His grand-father, Emil G. Hirsch, emigrated to America in the1840s and became one of the pre-eminent members ofthe Reform movement. At Hyde Park's Temple Sinai,Hirsch introduced the idea of holding Sabbath servicesexclusively on Sundays. In 1891 he joined the University as one of its original faculty. Levi's father, Gerson B.Levi, was rabbi of Temple Isaiah Israël in Kenwood.Born in Hyde Park in 191 1, Edward Levi was the onlyUniversity président to grow up at the University. Afterattending the Laboratory Schools from nursery schoolthrough high school, he enrolled in the Collège because,he said, "I never thought of going anywhere else."Levi finished collège in the second year of theHutchins Chicago Plan and graduated from the LawSchool in 1935. He received an appointment to theschool's faculty the next year. In 1938, as a SterlingFellow he earned a post-graduate doctorate of légal science, from Yale, the only school he attended away fromthe Quadrangles.While at the Law school he taught a variety of courses,specializing in anti-trust law. He also taught a GreatBooks course in the Collège. After founding the Journalof Law and Economies, he spent much of the 1940's inWashington as spécial assistant for antitrust law in theJustice Department. In 1946, he played a major rôle inthe drafting of the first atomic energy législation. In1948, he wrote his landmark Introduction to Légal Rea-soning.In 1950, Hutchins appointed Levi dean of the LawSchool. Through recruitment of faculty and curriculardevelopment, Levi maneuvered the school into the topstanding that it maintains today. In 1962, GeorgeBeadleappointed him provost.As provost, Levi directed a number of troubleshoot-ing opérations. Despite the massive urban renewal ef-19Edward Hirsch Levi1968-1975forts, the University still had difficulties attracting newfaculty and keeping those that were already hère. Levidevoted himself to strengthening the faculty and withina few years he had filled most of the important slotsvacated in the 1950s.The Collège was in desperate need of attention. AfterKimpton's neglect, the Collège was without direction,and its commitment to libéral éducation was weak. In1964 Beadle appointed Levi acting dean of the Collège.In less than a year, Levi proposed the structure that theCollège has today.In Levi's plan, the Collège would pursue libéral éducation through a common "core" of courses, in each offour collegiate divisions paralleling the graduate divisions. After the first year, the student would then become a member of one of thèse divisions continuing tosupplément his program with courses from outside ofhis field of concentration. In addition, a fifth division,the division of gênerai studies (or New Collegiate Division as it is known today), would offer inter-disciplinaryand independent study options.Under this proposai, faculty would share appoint-ments between the Collège and the graduate divisions,allowing teachers to do research and encouraging re- searchers to teach. To give the Collège faculty greatercontinuity, and the Collège itself greater autonomy,Levi proposed a Collège Council modeled on the Faculty Senate.Edward Levi was not a man to be content with eventhèse accomplishments. As a scholar, attorney, and edu-cator, he received and considered numerous offers formore prestigious posts. Aware that Beadle would retirein 1968 and that he certainly was assured the University's presidency, perhaps Levi was looking for some-thing greater than that. Whatever Levi was looking fordid not corne through, and in 1966 the Trustées electedhim to the Board as further insurance of his remaining atthe University. Levi was the first faculty member to beso honored.In 1968 Beadle did resign, and in the shortest suchsearch in the University's history, the Trustées turned toLevi to be président. Levi accepted, and as he embarkedon his new assignment, the University entered its mostdramatic period of student unrest.At Levi's inauguration, one hundred and fifty studentsprotested the war. That night, McGeorge Bundy ad-dressed the inaugural dinner at the Conrad Hilton.Many of those students invited to the dinner jeeredBundy while a crowd of students picketed and chantedoutside.But it was not the Viet Nam War that would be theexplosive issue on campus. In early 1969, a Universitysociologist, Marlene Dixon, was denied reappointment.Her student supporters felt that she was passed overbecause of the radical views that she had acquired sinceher initial appointment. Dixon herself said that she feltthat her radical beliefs coupled with her feminist ac-tivities had led to her dismissal. A group of studentsknown as the Committee of 85 demanded that Dixon bereappointed and that in the future students be consultedon matters of faculty appointment.The faculty maintained, through officiai and unofficialspokesmen, that tenure was a sensitive matter to behandled by the faculty without outside considération.However after increased pressure from the Committeeof 85, a group of faculty members agreed to meet withthe students to discuss the gênerai principles of theirtenure and appointment policies. They would not discuss Dixon's case or other particular instances. However, before the meeting could begin, the students at-tending voted that the discussions should include anexplanation for Dixon's firing. The faculty immediatelywalked out en masse.The students now turned their attention directly toLevi. In an open letter to the Committee, Levi re-sponded that he could understand some of the students'statements, and that perhaps some discussion of tenurecould be initiated. But, Levi added, no spécifie caseswould be opened up and any discussion would hâve torecognize the right of the faculty to govern itself.20On January 29, four hundred students occupied theAdministration Building over the Dixon affair, and, un-like the sit-ins during Beadle's presidency, thèse students had corne to stay. Led by a core of campus radi-cals, including Howie Machtinger, a graduate student insociology, the group demanded that Dixon be rehiredand that students be able to participate in future tenuredécisions. As the sit-in continued, more demands wereintroduced.The demonstrators now saw the Dixon case as a manifestation of the University's character which theylabeled as racist, sexist, and reactionary. The studentscalled for increased hiring and recruitment of minoritiesand women, an end to renewal of land south of theMidway, and University aid to the Woodlawn community.The protest caused a variety of reactions. Many students and a few members of the faculty sided with thestudents, others demanded immédiate disciplinary action. Levi had called on Provost John Wilson to appointa faculty committee to investigate Dixon's case. Wilsonselected a committee and appointed as its head, historyprofessor Hanna Holborn Gray.The students continued to sit as the Gray committeeheld its meetings. After nearly a week of discussion, theGray committee proposed a compromise: a one-yearterminal reappointment for Dixon. The students re-jected this offer, as did Dixon herself. By that time theradical demands over Woodlawn and other Universitypolicies had eclipsed the entire tenure question. Aftertwo weeks, the students finally left the building. Levihad already instituted disciplinary proceedings.When Beadle and Levi asked for faculty approval ofthe power to expel students, they hoped that the threatof expulsion would prevent the need for its exercise. Atthe same time, the students saw expulsion as an emptythreat. And in view of the short suspensions that hadbeen issued after the last sit-in, most of them had noidea of the risk they took by participating in the démonstration. Others, including Machtinger, had seenthemselves as provocateurs, and in this goal they suc-ceeded.The disciplinary proceedings drew protests of theirown. Two hundred students marched on the hearingsand there were several outbreaks of violence. But thecommittee ignored thèse protests, and others that wererising throughout the country. Within several weeks ofthe sit-in's close, thirty-seven students had been perma-nently expelled and sixty-two students suspended — theharshest punishment of any student protest in thecountry.The expulsions divided the University even morethan had the sit-in itself. Some agreed with James Red-field, then-associate professor of social thought, that as acommunity of scholars the University must regulatebreaches of the peace of that community if it is to sur vive. Others, including a group of parents of theexpelled students, said that even if the actions of thestudents were wrong the University should allow student dissent.It had long been Levi's belief that Cardinal Newman'sdictum, "the object of a university is intellectual notmoral," should govern the affairs of the University, andthat those activities that interfered with rational discourse must be treated as alien to the University's pur-pose. He saw the expulsions as just punishment of thosewho sought to violently knock the University off of itscourse.In the wake of the protests, Levi proposed theestablishment of student-faculty-administration commutées and councils to deal with such problems as cur-ricular reform, student life and educational policies.However, an aliénation between students and administrators resulting from the protests had developed andthose committees that were established were strictly proforma.Levi continued to develop new educational programsand ideas. In 1970, in an effort to make the Collègemore manageable and to provide students with someindividual attention, its entering class was decreasedfrom 730 to 500, and new graduate programs werebegun.That "something greater" that Levi had eyed earlier inhis career began to loom ominously. For years Levi hadbeen mentioned as an idéal candidate for a seat on theSuprême Court, and it was an ambition friends said hebore deeply if not publicly. Although some of his poli-tics might hâve seemed too libéral to Richard Nixon,Levi had certainly established himself as a "law andorder" man, and his scholarly credentials were impeccable. But as Nixon filled each of the four vacancies thatfaced him, Levi's chances continued to diminish.In 1975, Gerald Ford asked Levi to take a "clean up"rôle and Levi accepted. When Ford appointed John PaulStevens, another Hyde Park native and Universityalumnus, to the Court, Levi's Suprême Court opportu-nities disappeared.Levi served as Attorney General for two years and istoday the Glen A. Lloyd Distinguished Service Professor. His brother Julian is professor of urban studieshère.With Levi's résignation, the Trustées elected John T.Wilson as acting président in February of 1975. Wilsonaccepted the intérim appointment stating that he wouldserve only until the Trustées elected a successor to Levi.Some observers said that the search committee was splitbetween an outsider and an insider. Others said that thecommittee could not agrée on what it was looking for ina président. For whatever reason, the Trustées electedWilson président in December, 1975. Wilson accepted,this time making it clear that he would serve only untilJuly, 1978. The reluctant presidency had bégun.21Inflation and IndependenceBorn in Punxsatawny, Pennsylvania, in 1914, Wilsonearned a bachelor's degree in psychology at GeorgeWashington University. He enlisted in the UnitedStates Naval Reserve where he attained the rank oflieutenant commander. During his service, he devel-oped psychological tests for the sélection of key navalpersonnel. In 1946, he went to Stanford on a Rockefeller Foundation Fellowship and earned his doctorate inpsychology in 1948.In 1952 he joined the National Science Foundation(NSF) as program director in psychology and assistantdirector of the biological and médical sciences division.He first came to the University in 1961 as spécial assistant to George Beadle, but he returned to the NSF in1963 as deputy director. In 1968, Edward Levi invitedhim back to the University to be vice président and deanof the faculties, and then provost.Through his work at NSF, Wilson had become deeplyconcerned with the posture of the fédéral governmenttowards higher éducation. World War II, and laterSputnik, had motivated the government to fund sci-entific research and with NSF a national scientific policywas emerging. It was Wilson's hope in the early 1960sthat a similar policy for ail of higher éducation woulddevelop as well.Fédéral funding of éducation did increase, but in the1970s, numerous strings were attached. In the after-John Todd Wilson1975-1978 math of civil rights législation, a university now had tomeet several affirmative action requirements in order toreceive fédéral support.In 1977, Wilson engaged in a séries of negotiationswith the Department of Health, Education and Wel-fare's Office of Civil Rights over the issues of minorityhiring and fédéral funding. Wilson held firm to the University's policy against quotas, citing "excellence" as theonly criterion used by the school in its hiring. In anessay, Wilson warned against the loss of autonomy ofprivate institutions as the fédéral government increasedits funding, and thus its control, of research.The need for unrestricted funds was further evi-denced when a second Campaign for Chicago failed thatyear — millions of dollars short of its goal.Wilson's problems were not ail in the realm offinance. Student protest against University investmentin corporations doing business with South Africa grewon the campus. Through the efforts of the ad hoc ActionCommittee on South Africa, and a séries of articles inThe Maroon, the policies of thèse corporations were de-tailed and the close connection between many membersof the Board of Trustées and thèse companies was re-vealed.Wilson maintained that investment was a matter forthe Trustées and that they were as autonomous in thisarea as the faculty was on matters of éducation. As forstudents participating in investment matters, Wilsontold the Collège yearbook in 1977, that "I don't thinkstudents can understand investment . . . they haven'thad the expérience."Wilson did balance the budget under a three-yearprogram begun while he was provost. But he regardedthis as little more than "means to an end," leaving thoseends to be chosen by his successor. In 1975 he stated,I do not believe for a moment that the history of theUniversity during this period will be embellished becausewe hâve achieved a balanced budget.Wilson retired from the presidency in 1978; he is nowprofessor of éducation and he teaches a seminar on government and higher éducation. Perhaps his legacy to theUniversity is one of institutional priorities much in theline of Hanna Holborn Gray's "doing more with less.""Other schools hâve more money," Wilson said,"Chicago has more University."Andrew Patner is a third year student in the Collège andEditor-ln-Chief of The Chicago Maroon. He grew up inHyde Park where he attended public school. Next year heplans to go to Europe so he can "turn twenty-one someplaceelse." This article originally appeared in the Maroon insomewhat différent form to commemorate the inauguration ofHanna H. Gray.22The State of the University, 1979Hanna H. Gray, PrésidentThe désignation of a new provost last week has providedan occasion to reflect on continuity and change in thestate of the University and to compel our attention to itsfuture. Two spécial and consistent strengths hère résidein our system of faculty governance and in the activetradition which has placed the compétence and communient of distinguished members of the faculty in theservice of the whole institution, through participation inthe administrative work of departments and commit-tees, through chairmanships and deanships and direc-torships, ail central to the leadership of our académiepurpose and activity. Gale Johnson's extraordinary service as scholar, teacher, chairman, dean, director, andprovost is exemplary of this essential contribution.Amid the growing complexities and distractions of university administration, Gale's patient energy and stead-fast gaze hâve always been directed with total clarity tothe basic values and objectives which give définition to agreat independent university. Gale has helped to sustainthis important continuity just as he has helped educateus ail to the change and renewal we need to plan inorder to préserve and strengthen the University for thefuture. In an institution which dépends at once on colle-giality and individual initiative, in a university dedicatedto first-rate scholarship, research, and teaching and to anenvironment which supports and fosters their un-fettered pursuit, the realization of thèse ideals requires,and has always found in its faculty, the willingness toOn November 15, 1979, Président Hanna H. Gray deliv-ered The State of the University address before members ofthe faculty of the University of Chicago. take on and to balance many rôles. Gale has given us amodel of that. So, too, does Ken Dam's readiness toassume the provostship and its demands. I welcome hispartnership with gratitude and anticipation.This afternoon I should like to address the University's future, to talk about the agenda I think imperativefor us to engage in looking to those needs and choices,those opportunities and directions that we are identify-ing and exploring for the coming décade and beyond.Last year, over several occasions, I tried to sketch outmy sensé of the University's characteristic goals andstrengths and of the pressing problems and issues thatare before us. It was a year of review and learning, aidedby many people employing the small discussion groupsand individual tutorial methods so cherished in ourteaching. My gênerai assessment has not altered sub-stantially. But it has certainly become more sharply fo-cused within a view of the larger landscape and also, Ihope, more fully informed about where we stand.My review has confirmed my conviction that at a crucial turning point for ail universities, we can hâve realconfidence in this University's future. I am persuadedthat we should be leading spokesmen for the value ofthis kind of institution and its purposes. I believe thatwe hâve embarked on, and hâve the capacity and cohe-siveness to pursue, a major opportunity to shape and toenlarge the excellence of our University. The goal aboveail is and dépends on the quality of our faculty andstudents. The quality of the process by which we createthe next form of this university's character will be vital.It will rest, as always, on the faculty's participation. Theeffectiveness with which we can, through the intensive23management and improvement of our financial and administrative resources, give enabling support to the re-alization of our académie purposes, will be crucial toachieving the aim of an independent university, free todétermine its own course and its own priorities.The overriding questions before us, in the face of thedifficult circumstances which confront universities, arehow to préserve and fulfill the purposes which we existto serve, and how to give shape and expression at onceto their renewal and to institutional change.The provost's message on the budget, which you hâvereceived, describes the dimensions of the problems de-rived from an inflationary economy and their effect onthe potential health of the University. It also concludesthat their resolution, if we are resolute, is manageable.The report of the Bradburn Committee on UniversityEnrollments lays out the dimensions of another serioustrend and its potential impact. It présents to the University community a séries of options for discussion anddécision. Ultimately, both reports are addressed tomatters beyond budgets or student numbers; they en-able us to think about how, and for what educationalends, we should design the character and substance ofthe académie enterprise.For universities, change can no longer be equatedwith growth and prolifération of activity. Our first objective must be qualitative growth and committed ad-justment to its requirements. It is through selectivityand the concentration of strength that we will in fact beable to grow in that sensé and to create the capacities forflexibility, for responding to new opportunities, and forencouraging from within the University new ways ofdoing things.Hence, in planning to achieve financial health, it isour intention to reduce the scope of current activityselectively in order to allocate our resources to what wecan do best, rather than trimming and reducing acrossthe board. And it is our intention also, in the aggressivesearch for new resources, to segregate a spécifieportion — perhaps a third — beyond those applied to thesustenance of current programs and their continued improvement. Thèse resources will be devoted preciselyto the range of additional sélective strengths which willmake possible some new faculty appointments at juniorand senior levels, better support for the sciences, increased attention to book acquisition, improved financial aid, enhanced ability to respond to exceptional opportunities, renovated or new facilities where thèse aremost needed.In ail this, it is not possible, if it ever was, to impose asimple blueprint on a complex and mature institutionwith its diverse set of relationships and programs. Theunity of purpose animating this University is foundedon an internai consensus that arises out of collégialdiscussion — and even the collégial disagreement over means to agreed-upon ends. Its vitality and momentumrest on the shared acceptance of responsibility for rea-soned discussion. We need to understand the conditionswhich make this a turning point for universities, to askand be determined to come to terms with its uncomfort-able questions, to collaborate in defining and planningto bring about the kind of university we intend to hâvefive and ten years from now. That this will not comeabout ail at once should not diminish our sensé ofurgency.The circumstances affecting universities today hâvepotentially large and dramatic conséquences. But theiroutward forms may look rather drab, and their sourcesoften appear remote from our control. We seem to befighting not a visible battle of heroic proportions but anextended, erosive trench warfare where even holdingone's own can be a kind of slow defeat.Financial distress, concern over declining numbers ofgraduate stduents, fear for the future of young scholars,anxiety over the funding and respect for basic researchhâve been joined to doubt as to the validity of olderassumptions about the aims of éducation, disappoint-ment in the reversai of expectations attached to theacadémie world over the last several décades, confusionover the language of "elitism" and "egalitarianism." Ailthèse hâve led to a new sensé of limitation, of di-minished possibility, and to the perceived vulnerabilityof universities and their most fundamental principles toexternal intrusions or controls.Out of this situation has come a tendency to déplorethe présent and to project it into the indefinite future, tolook to the past and ask for solutions that would restorebetter times. There is a tendency to see in the récurrentattention to budgets and financial matters not only theloss of growth but a turning away from our proper préoccupation with educational and scholarly priorities,with high académie purpose, with the ultimate nature ofa community of learning.The University has never, of course, been in someeasy sensé secure. I don't suppose universities ever hâvebeen. Even in the rare times of apparent prosperity,there has always existed the problem of adéquate resources and with it, the linked problems of scope andchoice of self-direction and external influence, of themaintenance and enhancement of the realms of re-sponsible freedom central to the académie enterprise.The âge of growth was scarcely one of ease or of anabsence of threatening conflicts, and its longer-term ef-fects are one part of the difficulties we now hâve tocontend with. The complicated issues that hâveemerged out of the growth of fédéral support are justone example of this; the inflation of expectations attached to académie institutions another.It would be both dangerous and irresponsible to denythe existence of the realities we déplore or to imagine24that they can be made to disappear through some magi-cal act of will or vision. It would be equally dangerous,however, to assume that thèse realities are immutable orall-controlling. And it would be truly irresponsible notto engage in the necessary task of proceeding forward,however difficult the terrain.And that this University is uniquely qualified to leadin doing. It is precisely in order to support and realizeour proper préoccupations and principles, which hâve todo with académie excellence and académie freedom,that trench warefare is well worth fighting.Its outeome is of great significance. What we do willhâve an impact not only on our University but on thoseconditions that affect the future, the quality, and thecapacity for autonomy of major research universities ingênerai.The process we are following will not bring automaticor easy results. It will take time. We must respect theobligation to understand and analyze with care our as-sumptions and the options available to us withoutevading the need to come to décision. We must bindourselves to observing the conséquences of our process.We know that it is not possible to do ail things equally,or equally well. Reexamination will bring change, butalso a clarified sensé of educational mission, somegreater selectivity in what we undertake to do, and alsothe greater strength of concentration, the greaterstrength that accompanies renewed quality and the encouragement to risk new ideas.I might characterize this approach as one of hard-headed romanticism. I regard it as foolish romanticismto think we can ignore difficulty, avoid disagreement, orexpect a single individual to offer and impose a com-prehensive solution. Our University's vision is an in-tricate, organic one, single-minded in primary objective,complex in its articulation. That condition is a source ofstrength. The process of consultation, discussion, anddebate is its precondition, and it is a unifying one. Aproper concern with effective administrative supportand organization is not only compatible with but anessential foundation for boldness in the exercise andextension of such intellectual purpose. But, attention tobudgets and similar matters is useful and important onlyto the degree that it will truly enable us to concentrateon our académie aims. Those purposes must guide ailour administrative activity and planning. I am hopefulthat we hâve begun to lay this foundation during thepast year. While thèse issues will continue to be important, they should not prevent us from turning more fullyto the educational discussion which is the University'smost pressing, and most interesting concern.I shall turn now to a brief description of where I thinkwe hâve come. Then I should like to summarize myview of the starting point and destination of our discussions. Finally, I will say some words about my own perspective on the University's future and to suggestsome assumptions which I know our discussions willtest.We hâve given spécial attention over the past year toexamining the financial health and prospects of the University. Our study has concluded that the University willcontinue to incur déficits over the coming years unlesssignificant steps are taken to increase income and reducethe budget base so that income and expenditure arebalanced and begin to grow at the same rate. That considération has led us to plan a four-year timetable, be-ginning with the current year, for achieving equilibriumand so maintaining the University's essential health.A new faculty advisory committee is now studying theprojections. It is charged with analyzing the long-termfinancial situation of the University, to assist us inunderstanding the outlook, and to participate in the discussion of those policies, priorities, and directionswhich over the long term will best guide our planning inthe service of the University's académie goals.Reports to the University community on thèse matters will be fortheoming.We hâve established an Office of Financial Planningand Budget. Alexander Sharp has been appointed itsfirst director. He will be responsible for financial projections and analysis, for institutional research, for thereorganization of our budget process, and for providinginformation and consultation to those in charge ofmaking budgetary décisions.We hâve given spécial attention also to organizing andplanning an intensified and extensive program of development for the University. Jonathan Fanton, Vice-Président for Académie Resources and InstitutionalPlanning, has overseen this effort. A new structure hasbeen established, and William Haden has been appointed Director of University Development. Our efforts to raise funds last year achieved $500,000 morethan had been projected, for a total increase of 15 percent over the previous year. The current year's targetsets an increase of 22 percent over that amount. A report on University development appears in this issue ofthe Record.We hâve also given spécial attention to the problemof govemmental relations. Arthur Sussman, the newGeneral Counsel of the University, has assumed addi-tional functions as the officer responsible for the coordination of our relationships with the state and fédéralgovernments. At the same time, the secretaryship to theBoard of Trustées has been assumed by F. GregoryCampbell, who is also Spécial Assistant to the Président.Walter Massey became Director of the Argonne National Laboratory during the summer. The Departmentof Energy intends to renew the University's contract tomanage the laboratory, and Walter Massey's leadershipwill assure a productive association with the University.25As you know, a search is under way for a new Director of the University Library to succeed Stanley McEl-derry, who has decided to retire at the end of June1980. We are extremely grateful to Mr. McElderry forhis important contribution and for his persistent advo-cacy of the needs of a major research library. The occasion of the search opens an intensified review of thelibrary and its essential rôle in research and scholarship,as well as of the complicated future faced by ail suchcenters. I hope the faculty will respond to this opportunity and to Charles Wegener's invitation to communi-cate with the search committee he chairs.Other reviews and discussions that hâve been movingforward are related to the planning of facilities andguidelines for future campus planning. The faculty campus planning committee has had a busy year. An accountof the capital construction and rénovation now underway and recently completed is presented in this issue ofthe Record. Currently under discussion are the prioritiesfor projects in the next five and ten years.A committee chaired by Robert Sachs is reviewingthe trends and issues before the University that are as-sociated with government support of research and éducation. Its recommendations, expected later this year,will be important for the considération of Universitypolicies and for the structure of research at the University.The committee chaired by Gale Johnson which isanalyzing the impact of the new législation on retirement will make recommendations on future Universitypolicies by the end of the autumn quarter.We hâve initiated an effort to strengthen the University's relationship with its alumni. Their understanding,knowledge, and support of their university has neverbeen more important. A Commission on Alumni Affairs, chaired by Arthur Schultz and with membershipdrawn both from University faculty and from alumnioutside the institution, has concluded the work it beganlast winter and has today submitted its report.A committee chaired by Gwin Kolb is examining theofficiai publications of the University. The question ofhow effectively we communicate both within the University and extemally bears on a number of importantmatters ranging from recruitment to the effective shar-ing of information with the University community. Thatcommittee is expected to report by year's end.The process of reexamination and of setting ourcourse has to be guided, of course, by a sensé of theareas to which we should turn our best énergies. Wehâve been surveying the areas of spécial concern onwhich we should concentrate and to which we shall givespécial priority. As I indicated, one of thèse is the library, where the décision was made last year and againthis year to allocate a significant increase for acquisitions. The same is true for financial aid. We plan to give similar priority to faculty compensation in the comingyears. Thèse areas, like others I mentionedpreviously — for example, the raising of new resourcesfor selected faculty appointments at both the senior andjunior levels and for the support of the physicalsciences — represent our most important investments inthe future. They speak to the fundamental fact that oursis a teaching and research university whose quality dépends on attracting and retaining the best faculty andstudents and in providing them with the best possibleconditions for scholarship, research, and learning.We are and will remain a research university foundedon the conviction that research and teaching reinforceeach other.The report of the Bradburn Committee on UniversityEnrollments, now under initial considération by the faculty, opens the way to wide and serious discussion of thefuture shape of the University. It describes some un-comfortable facts and suggests a séries of options whichare designed to stimulate debate. It provokes us to askhard questions and challenges us to undertake major butreasonable and necessary risk.In this discussion, I hope we will be careful not toequate numbers and distribution of students across programs in some literal way with our intended priorities orregard for the différent fonctions of the University.There is a troubling tendency to fear, for example, thatdiscussion of recommendations for increasing the size ofthe Collège might indicate a lowered commitment oraltered regard for graduate training and research.The most distinctive feature of our institution lies inthe strong sensé and présence of a university as opposedto a grouping of schools and faculties under the samename or umbrella. It is the active interdependenceamong its différent parts which has made the University's académie life and its académie programs unique.That interdependence should, I think, be the measurethat we apply to the considération of future choices,whether of enrollment targets and the distribution ofstudents or in our review of programs and in planningfor strength. Another criterion for our immédiatechoices should, of course, be that of the longer-termimpact they are likely to hâve.Our Collège, with its insistence on breadth and on thelibéral values of an éducation that also encourages in-dependent study and respect for scholarship, is criticalto the educational quality of the whole University. Wemust recognize that faculty participation in Collège programs is not a "service" but an opportunity for engagement in one of the most stimulating and important ofour enterprises. We also should recognize that a commitment to undergraduate teaching and to the work ofthe Collège requires no abrogation or diminution ofcommitment to graduate training and to research.The Collège will always be relatively small as com-26pared to its major competitors. In asking whether wemight increase its size to three thousand students weshould keep in mind that there already has been growthover the past years. It is time that we make a cleardécision about the appropriate size for which we shouldaim. That will make possible better planning of cur-riculum and related maters and will also allow for a moreadéquate and explicit attention to strengthening theCollège. And that, in turn, will strengthen the University as a whole. It will help sustain our graduate programs by enabling the graduate faculty to retain a criticalsize during a time of declining graduate enrollments. Itwill help to préserve and advance the interactionsamong différent disciplines and approaches to learningthat shape the University's intellectual climate. It willhelp to retain the University's commitment to advancedtraining and research, even while enhancing the distinction and quality of a university collège.It is in the areas of graduate éducation that the needto stop looking back is most acute. We must not becaught assuming a future just like the présent.I believe it is our obligation to lead in designing thegraduate university of the coming décades. The génération of scholars who will be coming to maturity in the1990s and beyond will dépend on such leadership. If thetrend of declining enrollments continues for the nextfive years, there is some expectation that by the mid-1980s this trend will hâve stabilizèd and that opportunités in the académie professions will begin to improve.An important responsibility for the future of basic research, of undergraduate éducation, of advances in thedisciplines of knowledge, will rest with a génération ofstudents who will be entering the académie world after aperiod of diminished growth and slowed activity forhigher éducation. The breadth and depth of their contribution will be vital.The University of Chicago has had a history of goingaginst the tide, and we must do so again by affirming thevalue of scholarship. It will be a hard task, whose resultswill not come quickly. We should be preparing tomaintain rather than to reduce our graduate studentpopulation.In doing so we should not sacrifice standards but buildon strengths where our standards are highest.Later this quarter I shah appoint a commission ongraduate éducation at the University. The commissionwill be asked to consider, in the light of our discussionsof the issues posed by the Bradburn Committee's report, whether the kind of approach I hâve suggested isreasonable or appropriate. It will hâve to be concernedwith the relationship of graduate éducation to both theCollège and the professional schools. The commissionwill be charged with examining graduate programs andtheir rationales as they are now in effect. The subject isenormously complicated and its considération must take into account the natural and important différencesamong many fields of study and research. The commission will be asked to look ahead and to consider whatthe guiding purposes and the forms and styles ofgraduate éducation should be at this University in 1990and even later.Perhaps the décade preceding its centenary will seethe re-creation of the graduate university. Certainly, itshould see the renewal of the impulse to reexaminetraditions too often taken for granted or left un-challenged.My purpose this afternoon has been to indicate thebroad assumptions which underlie my hopes for the future of this University and to suggest some of the questions which our discussion and debate will test andrefine as we go forward with the process of setting ourdirections. I hâve spoken to you with the sensé that ourUniversity has a purpose to which ail of us are commit-ted. There is great strength in this common enterpriseand for that we must be grateful.Thank you.Reprinted from The University of Chicago Record, Volume xiii, Number 6, December 6, 1919.Ad Hoc Commissionon Alumni Affairs:Report to the Présidentof the University, Part IIIntroductionThe Ad Hoc Commission on Alumni Affairs, convenedat the request of Président Hanna H. Gray, met for thefirst time on February 15, 1979- At this meeting, thePrésident reviewed her charge to the group, indicatingthat the Commission would be asked to propose a re-statement of the gênerai principles and purposes of theUniversity's alumni affairs program. Among the spécifietopics she asked the group to consider were: (1) theobjectives of the Alumni Association and the activitiesand effect of local alumni clubs; (2) the involvement ofalumni in recruiting applicants to the University andparticularly to the Collège; (3) the adequacy of the University's communication with alumni; and (4) the re-lationship of the Alumni Association to the University'sfundraising activity.Under the chairmanship of Arthur W. Schultz, theCommission divided itself into eight subcommittees towork in the following areas: (1) the organization andpurpose of the Alumni Association, especially theCabinet and the Executive Committee of the Cabinet;(2) housekeeping, particularly how alumni records arekept, how alumni are defined, and what internai administrative procédures are followed; (3) finances, including the relationship of the Alumni Association andthe alumni affairs program to fund-raising, and a cost-benefit analysis of funds expended on other alumni ac tivities; (4) the rôle of alumni in recruiting students forboth the Collège and the graduate departments (including the notion of "class identity" in the Collège); (5)alumni communications, particularly The University ofChicago Magazine; (6) alumni programs, including Reunion, awards, and local events; (7) the relationship ofthe Alumni Association and the University's alumni affairs program to alumni programs and procédures in thefour largest professional schools; and (8) the relationship of the Alumni Association and the University's alumni affairs program to the graduate divisionsand departments.The Commission held its second meeting on April 18and 19. The subcommittee reports had been distributedbefore this meeting and were discussed thoroughly atthe meeting by the members. Thèse reports are sum-marized in the appendices and, together with the informai and formai surveys of selected alumni carried outby the Commission members, constitute the factualmaterial available to the Commission.1The third meeting of the Ad Hoc Commission onAlumni Affairs was held on May 31 and June 1. A finalsubcommittee report was presented as was a spécial report on the Collège.'One of the formai surveys undertaken was a letter questionnairemailed to over 9,000 alumni in various parts of the country askingthem spécifie questions about The University of Chicago Magazine.28The final meeting of the Commission was held on July25. At this meeting, a draft of the Commission's finalreport was discussed and received preliminary approvalby the members.The work of the Commission represents the mostsystematic review of the University of Chicago's alumniaffairs program undertaken in récent years. The Commission's report cornes at a time when private universities as a group must dépend more and more ontheir alumni to form a cadre of supporters of privatehigher éducation, supporters who will interpret the private university to the public at large and be helpful intimes of political and économie uncertainty. For its part,the University of Chicago recognizes the need for astrong and effective alumni affairs program, a programquite apart from fund-raising and one which générâtesinterest in and communication with the University bythe alumni body.The Commission is convinced that the University ofChicago is deepening its understanding of the alumni'simportance in maintaining the quality of the University.In this connection, the Commission recalls RobertMaynard Hutchins' statement that if the alumni of auniversity do not maintain it — in thought and inaction — there is no reason why anybody else should.But the Commission recognizes too that the University must create a healthy and nourishing relationshipwith its alumni if they, in turn, are to support the University. If there is not this sustaining relationship, asignificant proportion of the alumni body will remainout of touch with the University.The Ad Hoc Commission on Alumni Affairs under-stands that for many years and for many différent rea-sons the University of Chicago has not maintained asstrong and consistent a relationship with its alumni as itshould hâve done. While this report does not attempt toexplain specifically what the problems hâve been, it doesoutline quite specifically what the problems are now andwhat the Commission thinks can be done about them.The last part of this report contains a plan and timeta-ble for the carrying out of the Commission's recommendations. The Commission is naturally concernedwith the pace of this fulfillment, but it is even moreconcerned that the thought and intention behind thefulfillment be clear. Although the Commission stronglyendorses quick and thorough action on its proposais, italso believes that the University should review itsalumni affairs program again, soon; it should not waitanother fifteen years.Finally, the Commission hopes that its study and theconséquent recommendations can be a foundation for amuch stronger University alumni affairs program and acatalyst in the long process of building and rebuildingrelationships between the University of Chicago and its88,000 registered alumni. General AssessmentAfter considérable research and analysis, the Commission believes that the University's alumni affairs programs, as currently administered by the Alumni Association and the alumni affairs staffs of the Médical School,the Law School, the School of Social Service Administration, and the Graduate School of Business, serve anumber of very useful purposes. For example:• The University of Chicago Magazine reaches over90,000 alumni, current students, and parents;• in 1978-79, the Alumni Association alone pre-sented 66 programs in 25 cities throughout theUnited States and abroad. Seven of thèse programs were réceptions for Président Gray at-tended by over 2,000 alumni friends;• also in 1978-79, the Alumni Association pre-sented eleven programs in the Chicago met-ropolitan area, including the annual Reunion.Four of thèse programs were réceptions for Président Gray attended by over 1,200 alumni andfriends;• the Alumni Schools Committee program, administered by the Alumni Association in coopération with the Office of Collège Admissions, has33 active committees throughout the countrywith almost 1,000 members and another 250alumni who serve as independent interviewers inareas where no Alumni Schools Committeeexists;• the alumni affairs staffs of the four professionalschools continue to sponsor a number of programs each year and are having increasing suc-cess in involving their respective alumni in ac-tivities of the schools;• the fund-raising efforts of ail the alumni groupsattract more and more volunteers every year; in1978-79, 1,600 volunteers worked for the gênerai alumni fund alone;• alumni records are vastly superior to those thatexisted five years ago.Despite thèse évidences of success, there has been anuneven understanding of gênerai alumni affairs at theUniversity of Chicago over the years. This has resultedin uncertain fiscal, organizational, and moral supportfrom the University. The Commission believes that theUniversity's relations with alumni and alumni programsand activities can be strengthened. Among the spécifieopportunities for improvement identified by the Commission are the following:• The procédures for chartering and organizinglocal University of Chicago Clubs are loosely29defined. Many of the local clubs and associationshâve little direct connection to or représentationon the Cabinet of the University of ChicagoAlumni Association. The development of procédures for chartering and organizing clubs (including a club for the Chicago metropolitan area)and the officiai représentation of thèse clubs onthe National Alumni Cabinet could provide important organizational structures for improvedcoordination and communication among thèsegroups themselves and with the Alumni Association.• The Alumni Schools Committees in many areasremain loosely organized. No national AlumniSchools Committee exists to provide guidanceand coordination for local committees. The development of procédures for identifying and ap-pointing Alumni Schools Committee leadershipand the formation of an Alumni Schools Committee National Board could improve communication and coordination on the local and the national levels.• While the Alumni Schools Committee programhas had many significant accomplishments, inadéquate communication with the AlumniSchools Committee groups remains a problem.Much of this problem can be addressed throughthe Alumni Schools Committee Newsletter andthe holding of regular workshops for the trainingof Alumni Schools Committee leaders and volunteers.• There has been insufficient coordination ofalumni activities among the University's pro-fessional schools, the graduate departments, theCollège, and the Alumni Association. Procédures should be developed for identifyingalumni by their graduate departments, and forworking with the graduate departments, theCollège, and the alumni associations of the pro-fessional schools in sponsoring programs and activities and for coordinating alumni activities onthe local level.• Alumni programming in some areas lacks a senséof direction and is often inappropriate for eithercurrent students or alumni under forty. A com-prehensive approach to the planning of morethematic and vital programs can be developedand communication between the University andthe local alumni leaders vis-à-vis programmingcan be improved. Programs should also beplanned for current students which will helpprépare them to become more thoughtful andactive alumni. • The University of Chicago Magazine is médiocreand is characterized by a lack of informativenews about the University, inadéquate financing,and an irregular publication schedule. The magazine is the main vehicle of communication between the University and its alumni; it should begreatly improved in ail of thèse areas.• Information about alumni that is availablethrough University records is often unreliable,inadéquate, and difficult to get on a timely basis.A study of the présent alumni records Systemshould be undertaken to assess possible ways ofimproving record-keeping and information re-trieval.• Because the relationship between the Universityand the Alumni Association has changed overthe last several years and because of the nature ofsome of the Commission's recommendations,the Constitution of the Alumni Association willrequire revision.The Commission recognizes that there are at présent alarge number of Chicago alumni actively involved inprogramming activities, in recruiting students, and rais-ing funds. Their efforts hâve been immensely helpful tothe University. But they serve only to emphasize theUniversity's great potential for significantly increasingthe number of active alumni and the number and qualityof alumni programs and activities.Analysis of Problems and RecommendationsA. Organization and purpose of the Alumni Association inthe larger context of University alumni affairs.The présent statement of the purpose of the AlumniAssociation, contained in the constitution and bylaws ofthe association, reads as follows:The purpose of the Alumni Association shall be toestablish, encourage, and maintain a mutually bénéficiairelationship between The University of Chicago and itsalumni. (Article II)The Commission concludes that this statement is stillappropriate and valid.The University's alumni affairs program, however,does not fully reflect or advance that purpose. Further,there appears to be a decreased understanding by thealumni of the work of the Alumni Association. ManyUniversity alumni seem to hâve no sensé of member-ship in the Alumni Association.There is only sporadic coordination between thecentral Alumni Association and the alumni associationsof four of the University's professional schools — Law,Business, Medicine, and Social ServiceAdministration — which hâve their own offices and30staffs. Although the activities of thèse offices hâve notdetracted from the work of the Alumni Association,there hâve been missed opportunities for joint effortwhich could hâve strengthened both the central and theindividual organizations. The coordination between thealumni activities of thèse four professional schools andthe work of the Alumni Association must be improved.The principal national alumni body, the Cabinet, hasno clear purpose. There is no strong network of activelocal clubs: at présent fewer than ten University ofChicago Clubs are formally organized and active. Re-lationships between local groups and the nationalalumni organization are weak. The constitution of theAlumni Association is out of date and needs revision.Because of such organizational weaknesses, the process of cultivating and supporting larger numbers ofalumni leaders has become unduly difficult. In fact,given the absence of functional organization and pur-pose in alumni affairs, the Commission believes that it isonly the strength of the University as an educational andresearch institution that hâve produced the number ofgenerous leaders it does hâve, and that the Universityhas been extraordinarily fortunate to hâve thèse leaders.This organizational weakness is particularly évident inthe Chicago metropolitan area. Over 24,000 of the University's 88,000 registered alumni réside in greaterChicago, but no organized University of Chicago Clubexists there. Consequently, the Chicago area is charac-terized by a lack of consistent leadership, programming,and other alumni activities.The Commissin concludes that the strengthening oforganization and purpose both of the Alumni Association and the broader University alumni affairs programwill provide the basis on which to build a more vitalrelationship with alumni.Recommendations:1. That the coordination of alumni fonctions of theUniversity include a unified approach to alumni bythe professional staff of the University departmentsresponsible for fund raising, recruitment, andalumni affairs programming, including the staffs ofthe Professional School Alumni Associations.2. That the University officer responsible for alumniaffairs appoint a working committee on Universityalumni affairs to be chaired by the executive director of University Alumni Affairs. This Committeewill neither make policy nor directly intervene inany existing alumni affairs program but will coordi-nate the activities of the Professional SchoolAlumni Associations, the Annual Fund of theOffice of Development, the Alumni Schools Committee staff of the Office of Collège Admissionsand the University alumni association. A représentative from each of thèse staffs, designated by the appropriate Dean or University officer will be amember of this committee.3. That the statement in the constitution and bylawsexplaining the organization and purpose of theAlumni Association be published, preferably in TheUniversity of Chicago Magazine. This statement willmake clear the définition of the alumnus/alumnaand will emphasize that anyone who has ever at-tended the University of Chicago as a student andany former faculty are eligible for alumni status.4. That the Alumni Cabinet be restructured to give itmore functional responsibility and greater localreprésentation; that it be recognized as the primaryworking représentative body of the Universityalumni. The Cabinet should consist of appropriatereprésentation from alumni-at-large, présidents ofthe University of Chicago Clubs, the AlumniSchools Committee National Board, the NationalAlumni Fund Board, professional school alumnibodies, the University of Chicago Graduate Society, and the Collège Alumni Society of the University of Chicago. (The création and purpose of theAlumni Schools Committee National Board, theUniversity of Chicago Graduate Society, and theCollège Alumni Society of the University ofChicago are described later in this report.)5. That the National Alumni Cabinet be designated asthe representational leadership of the University ofChicago alumni and be designated as the officiaichannel of communication for representing theviews of the alumni to the University and the University to its alumni; and that représentation on theNational Alumni Cabinet should reflect the differ-ing sizes of local alumni bodies.6. That through a réactivation or rewriting of the constitution of the Alumni Association, the NationalAlumni Cabinet hâve its powers, purposes, and re-sponsibilities clearly defined and affirmed.7. That the Executive Committee of the NationalAlumni Cabinet hâve the widest possiblegeographical représentation.8. That the local University of Chicago alumni organizations be called The University of Chicago Club orthe University of Chicago Alumni Association of And that each club or association beorganized and chartered. The organization plan andcharter recommended by the Commission, whilenot binding in any way, are useful organizationmodels and can be helpful to those alumni groupswhich wish to organize and charter their membersand activities. Charters will be approved by theExecutive Committee of the Cabinet.319- That spécial emphasis be given to the Chicago met-ropolitan area and its 24,000 alumni and that anactive University of Chicago Club be formed.10. That the président of the Alumni Association, theExecutive Committee of the National AlumniCabinet, the University officer responsible foralumni affairs, and the Président of the Universitymeet at least annually to discuss alumni relations.B. Alumni records and information resources.The Commission discovered that although the University records System has improved, there are still problems with it; the information that is available to AlumniAssociation records via the University computer services is often unrealiable, inadéquate, and difficult toobtain on a timely basis. The transmittal of informationto alumni leaders and volunteers continues to be amajor difficulty because of the inaccuracy of the information transmitted as well as the time it takes toreach the leaders and volunteers.Recommendations:1. That the University purchase or lease a minicomputer and a number of cathode ray tube (CRT) terminais and printers to be used for Alumni Associationand Annual Fund (Office of Development) recordsand any other areas that use alumni information, inorder to facilitate updating of and information re-trieval from alumni records; that this minicomputerbe controlled by the Alumni Association.2. That a study be undertaken to détermine what information should be included in alumni records andthe feasibility of automating alumni records.3. That alumni records be coordinated with the newStudent Information System now being instituted.C. Alumni Association finances and budget.In reviewing the finances and budget of the AlumniAssociation, the Commission was aware of the con-straints on the overall University budget. In framing itsspécifie recommendations, it sought first a more intensive and purposeful utilization of resources presentlyallocated to alumni programs by the University. The neteffect on the University budget of ail the recommendations contained in this report, therefore, shouldbe modest.A confidential multiyear financial analysis of theAlumni Association budget requested by the Commission will be submitted to the Président of the Universityas part of this report. Although further study will beneeded, the Commission reached consensus on threerecommendations : 1 . That the Alumni Association continue its policyof requiring no national dues.2. That local University of Chicago Clubs be self-supporting whenever possible.3. That the Alumni Association continue to befunded by the University.D. Alumni recruitment of applicants to the Collège of theUniversity of Chicago.The Alumni Schools Committee program has becomeincreasingly successful in involving alumni in the recruitment of applicants to the Collège. The Commissionidentified spécifie ways, however, in which thê~"processcould be made even more effective.Until recently, the membership of the AlumniSchools Committees received inadéquate informationabout educational programs and assistance at the University. As a resuit, they hâve been unable completelyand accurately to advise potential applicants to the Collège. Communication among the Alumni SchoolsCommittees themselves has also been inconsistent, andthere hâve been problems of communication at timesbetween the Alumni Association and the Office of Collège Admissions. The Commission believes that the newAlumni Schools Committee National Newsletter, pub-lished by the Alumni Association in coopération withthe Office of Collège Admissions, will solve many ofthèse spécifie communication problems. This newslet-ter, the first issue of which appeared in late August,1979, will be published at least four times a year and isintended as a direct line of communication from theUniversity to the committees and to the severalhundred individual alumni who work in this area.The absence of a national Alumni Schools Committee body restricts useful communication amongcommittees. And there yet exists no formai relationshipbetween the Alumni Schools Committees and the National Cabinet. Both of thèse problems need to be ad-dressed.Continuous efforts are necessary to develop and tonurture leadership in Alumni Schools Committeesacross the country. What the leaders should do, howthey should do it, and how the leaders are chosen, are ailquestions that could be answered at least partially by thecréation of a national Alumni Schools Committee organization. Even on a local basis some organizationalproblems seem to remain; there is no formai mecha-nism, for example, for appointing the local chairmen ofAlumni Schools Committees.The level of professional staff effort devoted to theAlumni Schools Committee program should be increased. One full-time professional in the Alumni Association and one half-time professional in the Office ofCollège Admissions are not enough to manage32efficiently and carefully such a crucial University program. tee program for recruiting applicants to the graduatedivisions and professional schools.Recommendations:1. That the Alumni Schools Committee NationalNewsletter be published on a regular basis and sent toail Alumni Schools Committee leaders and volunteers. Written and published jointly by the AlumniAssociation and the Office of Collège Admissions,the newsletter should be a source of useful information to volunteers involved in recruiting applicantsto the Collège.2. That a regular séries of national workshops forAlumni Schools Committee leaders be instituted toinform and train Alumni Schools Committee leadersand volunteers.3. That job descriptions be developed for AlumniSchools Committee leaders and volunteers.4. That compétent individuals be appointed to fillleadership positions.5. That an Alumni Schools Committee National Boardbe formed and that this Board:a) hâve its chairperson and vice-chairpersons appointed by the président of the Alumni Association;b) hâve Office of Collège Admissions représentation;c) be represented on the National Alumni Cabinet.6. That the Alumni Schools Committee National Boardhâve as its purpose:a) the recruitment of more applicants to the Collègeof the University of Chicago;b) improved communications between the University and Alumni Schools Committee leaders andvolunteers and among local Alumni SchoolsCommittees;c) the more effective opération of local committees;d) a greater functional relationship between AlumniSchools Committee leaders and volunteers andthe National Alumni Cabinet.7. That sufficient logistical support be made availablefor the work of the Alumni Schools Committee programs, including procédures for the early identification of outstanding applicants to the Collège and anew reporting System.8. That sufficient professional staff be provided for theAlumni Schools Committee program, both in theAlumni Association and the Office of Collège Admissions.9. That further study be given to the establishment of aprogram analogous to the Alumni Schools Commit- E. Alumni publications, particularly The University ofChicago Magazine.Alumni publications constituted another area of concern for the Commission, in particular The University ofChicago Magazine. Although the Commission did notspend as much time examining other University alumnipublications as it did the magazine, it did conclude thatthere is little, if any, coordination or unity of purposeamong the various University alumni publications. TheCommission also discovered that some of the Universityalumni publications, especially those for professionalschool alumni, fail to take sufficient account of the University as a whole and, in some cases, demonstrate onlya weak editorial récognition of University alumni andalumni news.The Commission believes that The University ofChicago Magazine lacks distinction and suffers from anumber of unflattering characteristics: poor communication with readers and little or no inclusion of readerresponse; no clear and consistent character; unevencontent; an absence of significant news about the University and its alumni; irregular publication schedule;inadéquate financing.Much of the information about the reaction to themagazine was gathered from the several thousandalumni surveyed by the Commission's Subcommittee onCommunications.Recommendations:1. That The University of Chicago Magazine be continued on a more regular and fréquent basis.2. That an alumni-faculty advisory committee onalumni publications be appointed by the Président ofthe University, its alumni members to be recom-mended by the président of the Alumni Association.3. That a new "editor/director" of alumni publicationsbe hired before any recommendations on alumnipublications/communications are implemented, butthat the following suggestions be considered:a) that the format of The University of Chicago Magazine be changed to include:• the more current and spécifie news about theUniversity, including the reporting of con-troversial issues on campus with the con-flicting positions clearly presented;• more reader response including more lettersfrom alumni placed in a prominent positionin each issue;• more materials for and by students andalumni;• the re-establishment of the link between theAlumni Association and The University of33Chicago Magazine, this relationship to be re-flected in the masthead.b) that any significant changes in the format of themagazine be discussed with the alumni faculty ad-visory committee before their adoption;c) that ways be tested to reduce "waste" circulation;d) that requests be made for voluntary sub-scriptions;e) that subscriptions to the alumni publications ofthe professional schools at the University be of-fered to gênerai alumni.4. That tasteful and appropriate advertising be re-introduced into The University of Chicago Magazine.F. Alumni Programs, including Reunion and Alumni Collège.The Commission believes that programming for University alumni fonctions has lacked any comprehensivepurpose. There is an unclear sensé of direction and objectives; programs are frequently either uninteresting ordisorganized or both; they hâve a poor record in relatingto under-forty alumni; there is a marked absence of programs for current students — programs that could prépare them to become thoughtful and active alumni;communication is inadéquate between local leaders andthe Alumni Association program professional staff as towhat should be done where as well as how and when.A major problem has been the irregular quality of andthe fréquent turnover in the program staff of theAlumni Association. This has in part been a resuit of thegênerai lack of direction and objectives in alumni affairsprograms. In turn, it has served to increase a certainaimlessness about programming. The program staff ofthe Alumni Association numbers only one full-timeprofessional, one half-time professional, and one full-time clérical assistant. The Commission is not suggest-ing that the number of staff is as important as its quality,but it does believe that this staff is not adéquate for thealumni affairs program of a major university with88,000 registered alumni.The annual Reunion suffers from low attendancewhen compared with the amount of money spent on theactivity. Part of the problem may be the serious shortageof guest accommodations on campus and in Hyde Park.The Commission also recognizes the curious natureof Alumni Collège in that it is an event run exclusivelyby the professional staff of the Center for ContinuingEducation, a unit of the University that has no direct orformai relationship with either the Alumni Associationor University alumni affairs.Recommendations:1. That an "operating plan" for Alumni Associationprograms be developed on a yearly basis, with spécialattention given to: a) self-supporting programs;b) programs which are more carefully planned andexecuted and more thematic;c) major programs in selected cities with the în-volvement of University central administration,deans, faculty, and students;d) coordination and coopération with the programsof the Office of Development as well as with thealumni affairs offices of the University professional schools.2. That a séries of programs be instituted to communi-cate with students as future alumni.3. That on the basis of a thorough study of past alumnireunions by the professional staff of the Alumni Association, and in consultation with alumni leadersand the Implementation Committee of the Ad HocCommission on Alumni Affairs, an expérimentalprogram be developed for the Reunion. The purposeof the experiment would be to help the Universitycreate a Reunion that préserves the more importantsymbolic and historical character of such an occasionwhile at the same time creating a Reunion that isattractive, effective, and successful.4. That Alumni Collège become part of the AlumniAssociation's program and that its form and contentbe thoroughly studied to détermine whether such anevent is valuable as a major alumni program.5. That the program activity of the Alumni Associationbe enlarged to include job counseling by alumni forcurrent University students on and off campus.Thèse programs would be established in coopérationwith the University Office of Career Counseling andPlacement.6. That the program staff of the Alumni Association beadéquate to carry on the above-mentioned recommendations and be upgraded professionally if neces-sary.G. The relationship of the Alumni Association to the professional schools.Four of the University's professional schools — Business,Law, Medicine, and Social Service Administration —hâve long had alumni affairs offices and staffs. TheCommission recognizes thèse offices and staffs and en-dorses their work. The programs are strong in mostcases and, while more alumni leaders are needed, thosethat do lead the professional school alumni groups arestrong and dependable. Problems exist, however, withthe failure of thèse professional school alumni affairsactivities to be effectively coordinated with the activitiesof the Alumni Association. In the past, for example,there has been no calendar of the activities of the various alumni affairs staffs, with the resuit that the pro-34fessional schools did not know what the Alumni Association was planning and vice versa. In an attempt to solvethis problem of scheduling and coordination, the Commission makes the following recommendations:1. That the Alumni Association draw on the resourcesand expérience of the alumni affairs staffs of four ofthe University's professional schools — Business,Law, Medicine, and Social Service Administration — even as thèse schools maintain their au-tonomy in alumni relations.2. That the publications of professional schools moreprominently display and build upon their affiliationwith the University of Chicago.3. That a working committee on University AlumniAffairs be formed and chaired by the executive director of University Alumni Affairs to coordinate theactivities of the four professional school alumni affairs offices — and any other University professionalschool alumni staff — with the activities of the AlumniAssociation.4. That représentatives from the professional staffs ofail the alumni affairs offices, designated by the appropriate dean, be members of this committee onUniversity Alumni Affairs.H. The relationship of the Alumni Association to thegraduate departments .Of spécial concern to the Commission was the University's lack of organized contact with alumni of thegraduate departments. Although occasional publications, such as the Department of History's 1979 Newsletter, are obviously invaluable in maintaining contactwith departmental alumni and sustaining their aware-ness of the University, there is no formai mechanismthrough which the relationships of alumni with theirrespective departments can routinely be cultivated. Onthe basis of research and study completed by some of itsmembers, the Commission concludes that regular communication between alumni and the graduate departments from which they received their degrees canbe most valuable. The Commission feels that there is aneed to hâve regular, informative, and thoughtful contact with alumni specifically as graduâtes ofthe departmentsand not merely as members of the Alumni Association.Recommendations:1. That a Chicago Graduate Society (University ofChicago Graduate Society for Graduate Alumni inScience and the Humanities) be formed under theauspices of the Alumni Association and that addi-tional and focused communications with studentsand graduâtes be channeled through the departments. 2. That an Alumni Association staff member be as-signed to staff the Chicago Graduate Society./. The relationship of the Alumni Association to the Collège.With graduâtes of the Collège, too, the Commissionrecognizes the need to create some kind of alumni organization that will specifically renew and sustain theidentification and involvement with the Universitythrough the Collège. Over 32,000 alumni are graduâtes ofthe Collège. The Commission concludes that it is important for the University to offer spécifie services andactivities for thèse graduâtes, over and above the gênerai activities of the Alumni Association.Recommendations:1 . That a Collège Alumni Society of the University ofChicago be formed under the auspices of the AlumniAssociation to work with the Collège in improvingcommunications with students and graduâtes bechanneled through the Collège.2. That an Alumni Association staff member be as-signed to staff the Collège Alumni Society.Concluding Note:In urging the création of a University of ChicagoGraduate Society and Collège Alumni Society, theCommission weighed the implications of its recommendations for the University as a whole. Opinions willdiffer about the merit of thèse recommendations, andthe Commission's Implementation Committee will wel-come full discussions within the University of Chicagocommunity.Suggestions for ImplementationThe Commission recognizes that the implementation ofits recommendations will fall primarily on the professional staff of the Alumni Association and on alumnivolunteer leaders. It suggests, nevertheless, the appointment of an Implementation Committee, its members to be drawn from the Commission and appointedby the Président of the University. It would be im-practical for the Commission as a whole to meet after itsreport has been completed, but a small group of Commission members can be a valuable source of information and expérience and can help to résolve issues thatémerge during the implementation period.The University's response to the Commission's recommendations will come as part of the UniversityAlumni Affairs operating plan presently being developed for considération by the University administration. The alumni implementation will come as part of aséries of meetings with national leaders (including theNational Alumni Cabinet and its Executive Committee),35local leaders and officers of University of ChicagoClubs, and several written communications which willappear in The University of Chicago Magazine.From the implementation suggestions listed below,the Commission drew two gênerai conclusions:• more purposeful and more complète job descriptions should be written for alumni affairsprofessional staff• a more professional staff is needed rather than alarger staff; to hire and retain such professionals,the University should be prepared to pay more.A confidential financial report has been prepared for thePrésident of the University which analyzes the alumniaffairs budgets of the last several years and which willprovide considérable détail on the gênerai Universityexpenditures in alumni affairs.Spécifie Suggestions:A. Programs1) The appointment of another full-time programdirector — in lieu of the présent half-time assistant program director — to work primarily withthe 24,000 Chicago-area alumni and the University of Chicago Club of Chicago that is to beestablished.2) The appointment of a program assistant to workwith the two program directors. This positionwould repalce the présent position of secretary.B. Alumni Schools Committee1) The appointment of the présent coordinator ofAlumni Schools Committees to director ofAlumni Schools Committees.2) The appointment of a full-time secretary/assistant to the director of Alumni SchoolsCommittees.C. Alumni Records1) The full implementation of the recommendedchanges which émerge from the Cambridge Research Associates' study on University alumnirecords.D. Associate Director of University Alumni Affairs1) The appointment of an assistant for GraduateAlumni Affairs who works under the supervisionof the associate director of University AlumniAffairs.2) The appointment of an assistant for CollègeAlumni Affairs who works under the supervisionof the associate director of University AlumniAffairs.3) The appointment of an administrative assistant tothe associate director of University Alumni Af fairs. This position would replace the présent position of secretary.E. Intérim funds1) That money be available — beyond the operatingbudget — for new projects and programs whichmay occur during the implementation period andwhich are suggested as experiments by the Implementation Committee.F. The University of Chicago Magazine1) That the budget for The University of ChicagoMagazine be enlarged to provide for ail the recommendations made by the Commission.Finally, the Commission recommends tirât the implementation timetable be determined by the Implementation Committee in consultation with the professional staff of the Alumni Association and the national and local alumni volunteer leaders.Roster of the Ad Hoc Commission on Alumni Affairs:Mr. Arthur Schultz, x'4l, AB'67Mr. Edward L. Anderson, Jr., PhB'46, SM'49Mr. Walter J. Blum, AB'39, JD'4l, professor in the LawSchoolMr. Charles W. Boand, LLB'33, MBA'57Mr. Robert Fitzgerald, MBA'60Dr. Lucy Ann Geiselman, PhD'65Mrs. Juana Sinclair Harper, AB'74Mr. Michael Klowden, AB'67Mr. C. William Kontos, AB'47, AM'48Sister Candida Lund, PhD'63Ms. Janel M. Mueller, professor in the Department ofEnglishMr. Charles D. O'Connell, AM'47, vice président anddean of studentsMr. Edward W. Rosenheim, Jr., ab'39, am'46, PhD'53,professor in the Department of EnglishMr. David N. Schramm, professor in the Department ofAstronomy and AstrophysicsMr. Daniel C. Smith, AB'38, JD'40Ex Officio: Mr. Jonathan F. Fanton, vice président forAcadémie Resources and Institutional Planning36ALUMNI NEWSBritish Alumni Host Réception ForTrustée AndersonThe University of Chicago Alumnigroup in Great Britain gave a réceptionin London, December 11, in honor ofRobert O. Anderson, trustée of the University. The affair, which was also at-tended by Mrs. Anderson, was held at theRoyal Commonwealth Society.Anderson was recently named a Gov-ernor of the Royal Shakespeare Théâtrein England. Three years ago, at the re-quest of a group of British newspaperpeople, Anderson bought The Observer,an independent Sunday newspaper inLondon. The paper had financial problems. Anderson is chairman of theAspen Institute and the AtlanticRichfield Co.This was the first gathering of Britishalumni of the University since 1969when a luncheon was held in honor ofEdward Levi. The réception on De cember 1 1 was organized by Sir RobertShone, AM'34, a visiting professor atthe City University in London, and S. D.Malaiperuman, PhD'37. More than 300alumni of the University live in theUnited Kingdom.University's Alumni Fund IncreasesDonor BaseIn the Alumni Fund report in the Au-tumn 1979 issue of the Magazine, theheadline incorrectly noted that therewere 300 new donors. In fact as the article stated there was an increase in over3,000 new donors to the Fund. Thenumber of donors grew 39 percent,from 10,584 to 14,674, the firstsignificant increase in the donor base inten years. The University's Alumni Fundraised $1,731,549 in unrestrictedmoney, a growth of 22 percent over theprevious year. This pattern revealsgenuine promise for the future. Alumni EventsATLANTA: On February 3, PrésidentHanna Gray, selected faculty and students participated in a program titled"The University of Chicago cornes toAtlanta," which included a roundtablediscussion, luncheon, and réception.CHAPEL HILL: "The University ofChicago cornes to Chapel Hill" was thetitle of a program held last February 2featuring Président Gray, faculty andstudents. A roundtable discussion,luncheon, and réception were held.CHICAGO: During the months of Marchand April, program plans were to in-clude a Tennis Night on March 8, AnEvening at the Art Institute (5000 yearsof Korean Art) during March or April,the Loop Luncheon Séries during Marchand April, and the Saturday SeminarSéries during March and April.DENVER: On January 23, Président Graymet with alumni from the Denver-Boulder area for a President's Réceptionand Dinner.NEW YORK: Area alumni gathered onJanuary 23 for a wine tasting partyhosted by the Somerset Wine Company,importers of Alexis Lichine wines.PRINCETON: Jonathan Fanton, VicePrésident for Académie Resources andInstitutional Planning met with alumnion January 10 at the home of EdwardAnderson, PhB'46, SM'49. Mr. Fantondiscussed new directions in alumni affairs and récent developments at theUniversity.SAN FRANCISCO: On February 8, Dr.Clifford Gurney, Professor of Medicine,Associate Director Franklin McLeanLondon Réception: Left to right, Sir RobertShone, Mr. Robert Anderson, and SirAlexander Oppenheim.37Mémorial Research Institute, andMember of the Committee on PublicPolicy Studies, met with area alumni todiscuss medicine and ethics in a talk ti-tled "Concerning a 'Right' to HealthCare."WASHINGTON, D.C.: On March 12,alumni were invited to attend an ArthurMiller play, "After the Fall," at theArena Stage.President's FundOn October 30, members of the President's Fund gathered on campus for theannual membership evening. Guestsenjoyed cocktails and dinner with Président Gray, other officers, and membersof the faculty. After dinner, Esprit deCors, a french horn quartet, gave a briefrécital. At dinner, outgoing nationalchairman, Charles E. Swanson, mba'56,was presented with a University ofChicago armchair. Though incomingchairman trustée James W. Button,AB'39, was unable to be présent, trustéeP. D. Block, Jr. and Jay Berwanger,AB'36, new chairmen for Chicago, wereintroduced.An Open Letter to Alumni:Why the Collège Might be a GoodSchool for your ChildrenThe Collège of the University ofChicago is considered to be "a very spécial place" by the majority of its morethan 86,000 alumni. To the rest of theworld it remains, as Jonathan Fanton,Vice Président for Académie Resourcesand Institutional Planning, recently re- marked to a group of Alumni leaders,"One of the best kept secrets."It is no secret that many high schoolstudents throughout the country knowlittle about the University, oftenexpressing surprise when they find outthat it is not a high-rise city Universitynor a gigantic state university, nor anenclave for brilliant students only. Whatis surprising is that many alumni, particularly those who attended the Collègea génération ago, hâve their own mis-conceptions about it.Alumni children make up twelve percent of the entering class of 1983. Thisfigure represents an increase from pre-vious years, but the figure is not as highas it should be. The small number is, Ibelieve, directly related to the fact thatalumni are not aware of what the Collège now offers to its students.Before I became active in the AlumniSchools Committee work, I had very little knowledge of what was happening inthe Collège. I live in the East and hadnot visited the campus for almost twentyyears. As a fiercely loyal Hutchins-erastudent, I assumed that any changesmade in the Collège could only be forthe worse. Working on the AlumniSchools Committee gave me the opportunity to return to campus frequentlyover the past few years. During visits, Ihâve been able to talk with the Admissions staff, the Administration, as well asfaculty, current students, and the staff ofthe Alumni office. Through much discussion, I hâve learned that excellentéducation is alive and well and flourish-ing in the Collège. I am also happy toreport that during my reacquaintancewith the University, two of our sons added another dimension: our oldestson is a third year student and ouryounger son has recently been admittedas an Early Décision Candidate for theclass of 1984.Alumni returning to the campus findsome physical changes. The Universityretains much of the old feeling . . . thatthe Quadrangle is set apart from the restof the world. New buildings hâve beenadded, enlarging the campus, and somebuildings hâve been tastefully insertedin spaces next to older buildings (manyof which hâve already undergone rénovation). The campus is dotted withattractive pièces of sculpture. The campus is something that most alumni sim-ply took for granted while at the University. If you've been away for a while, youwill find the beauty, grâce and spacious-ness of the campus striking.During the several years that I hâvebeen working with prospective students,I hâve realized that there are changes inthe Collège which make it a better placefor good students who hâve interestsranging beyond the purely académie.The intellectual climate is as stimulatingand challenging as ever. However, thewell-rounded student has become morecommonplace on campus.Alumni who attended the Collègewhen football and other organizedsports were absent may be surprised tolearn that the University has inter-collegiate teams for men in eleven sportsincluding baseball, basketball, cross-country, fencing, football, gymnastics,soccer, swimming, tennis, track andwrestling. Women's intercollegiateteams participate in seven sports: badminton, basketball, field hockey,Président Gray chats with Mr. and Mrs.Norman Freehling, PhB'29. In the back-ground are Mrs. Robert Samuels, AB'36,Mr. and Mrs. Samuel Rosenthal, TedHurwitz, University staff, and Mrs. C.Phillip Miller, X'34 at the President'sFund annual membership evening.38softball, swimming, tennis, track andfield, and volleyball. Probably thebiggest change has been the burgeoningof the intramural sports program whichoffers compétition in forty-five différentsports. Each year about 600 teams withrosters of about 20,000 play almost5000 games in thèse sports. As one student put it, "You don't hâve to be a jockto play in the intramurals. I could neverhâve made a team if I had gone to a biguniversity. But, hère, we play for fun."The newly remodeled Field House is sopopular that it is booked solidly duringail the hours that it is open.A student who enjoys musical activityin high school will find lots of musicalactivity at the University even thoughthere is no music performance depart-ment. Campus musical organizations in-clude: the University Symphony, theUniversity Chorus, the CollegiumMusicum, the Contemporary ChamberPlayers and the Concert Band. In addition, there is an active Brass Society andthe more recently organized Universityof Chicago Jazz Band. .The latter en-livened the fall Homecoming activities,added a new dimension to the party afterHanna Gray's Inauguration, and evenplayed dance music so that studentscould brush up on their ballroom dancing in préparation for a visit by theGlenn Miller Orchestra. In addition to music and sports, thereare a number of other campus groupsand activities. Activities available arelimited only by the imaginations andneeds of the students. Mark Kishlansky,assistant professor of British Literaturewho teaches Western Civilization in theCollège, told a group of prospective students in Boston recently that if theywere interested in participating in an activity that was not available on campus,they need not worry. It is very simple tostart a new activity. A good example ofstudent-initiated activity is the Women'sCrew team.Although the Collège may not be thebest place for a student who wants tobecome a computer programmer, ailstudents who are interested in computers can hâve access to the University's equipment. In addition to a "GetAcquainted Account", there are student"Research Accounts", and "Class Ac-counts" set up for course work. TheUniversity has two computer Systems:IBM 370/168 which offers standardprogramming languages including Fortran, Cobol, Pl/1, and Assembler andthe DEC system-20 which includes Fortran, Basic + 2, APL, Pascal, andMACRO-Assembler. There are also otherapplication packages and text-editingavailable and even the chance to playthat marvelous game, ADVENTURE!Students who come to the Collège withsome knowledge of computers hâve anadvantage because they can do part-timeprogramming work.The housing situation has vastly improved. There are now 31 houses forsingle students, and five multi-unithouses. Two-thirds of ail under-graduates live in the Collège housingSystem. Single and double rooms as wellas co-ed housing are available. (In-cidentally, the ratio of men to womenhas changed from a génération ago; it isnow 2 to 1.) The newest and most élégant housing is at the Shoreland which was recently converted to house 600students.While rising costs and spiraling inflation may in time force the Unviersity toincrease its class size and faculty to student ratio, currently the Collège has2700 students and a student/faculty ratioof 8 to 1. This means that classes aresmall (average size: 25), and most can berun on a discussion basis. Professors remain very accessible and willing to meetand talk with students outside of class.With eighty percent of the faculty livingnearby in Hyde Park, most are readilyavailable. Most of the teaching is doneby faculty members who hold a joint appointment in the Collège and graduateschools. Very few teaching aides or gradstudents are used.One aspect of the Collège which youwon't find mentioned in the cataloguesis the friendliness and genuine helpful-ness of the faculty and administration.The fact that everyone seems to wearmany hats adds a certain personal touchfound lacking at other institutions. Thefact that Dean of Students in the Collège Lorna Straus also teaches a biology course makes her more sensitive tostudent's needs. Jonathan Fanton, a viceprésident, also is head of a dorm, whileWilliam Swenson, associate director ofAdmissions, teaches a class, and FredBrooks, director of Admissions and Financial Aid, was for several years a headat Pierce Tower.Even though the atmosphère is veryPersonal, parents worry about the safetyof their children in the city. The University made a serious commitment to stayin the neighborhood and to make it asafe place to live. Campus security isextensive. Streets are well-lit and policecars not only patrol the area constantly,but respond quickly to calls for helpover the white téléphones which areplaced at most intersections. In addition,a campus bus circles the area providingfree transportation to students. This is39particularly helpful to students studyinglate at the library or returning to roomsat the Shoreland.I hâve just mentioned the library, theRegenstein, which is a relatively récentand magnificent addition to the campus.It houses much of the University's 3.5million volumes and can seat 2897 students at one time. The library has oftenbeen called "the social center of theUniversity." In addition to comfortableseating, lounges, nooks, and carrels,food is also available in a basement area.I've written about some of the neweraspects of Collège life. I should add thatthe city of Chicago has some newly re-vitalized areas and is an exciting city tolive in. I do want to re-emphasize thesuperb éducation that the Collège provides. In a time when many collègeshâve abandoned requirements so that itbecomes front page news that Harvardhas reinstituted a core curriculum, I amglad to say that Chicago has never abandoned its requirements while continuingto require its students to show pro-ficiency in the biological and physicalsciences, the humanities, and the socialsciences. There is no longer a single wayto fulfill requirements; for example, thebiological requirement may be fulfilledby taking one of 14 différent three-quarter séquences. The one constantthat the Common Core provides ail students with is a spécial unity, a commonbase of understanding. In ail séquences,students do not learn subject matters,but instead acquire an understanding ofthe disciplines which govern those subject matters, and acquire the intellectualskills which enable them to master anyfield of study.Two other facts of interest to parents:the tuition in the Collège is $4500 whichis $1000 less than most of the IvyLeague and other comparable schools;the Collège provides financial aid totwo-thirds of the student body.As the 1980s progress, the Collègewill continue to place a strong emphasison the intellectual activities, but alsoprovide a more well-rounded expérience appealing to a wider range of students. I hope that alumni will investigatethe Collège with their children and,perhaps, start a family tradition. Thefamily who reads Plato together, staystogether!Thelma Gruenbaum, AB'52, AM'56, cur-rently lives in Boston where she doespublic relations' for a number of non-profit organization s. She has also au-thored a number of children's books.Ms. Gruenbaum is the chairwoman ofthe Boston Alumni Schools Committee.40 1915GEORGE CALDWELL, PhB'15, writes tous that he was thrilled by the CourtThéâtre article in the Summer Magazine. Mr. Caldwell has also dabbled inthéâtre. As a senior in high school, heplayed the lead in "She Stoops to Con-quer" and when he retired to OakRidge, Tennessee, he played CardinalWolsey in "A Man for Ail Seasons" atâge seventy.1917ANNA KOUTECKY KADLEC, PhB'17,pioneered social change for stockyardworkers. As a young sociology major,she went to work at Morris & Co., oneof Chicago's meatpacking houses. Sheconducted a study of the employment ofwomen in the industry shortly after hergraduation, eventually became an employment manager at Morris & Co., andlectured on social welfare and industrialhygiène throughout the nation. Today,she lives in Richmond, Kentucky. She'sone of the first participants in EasternKentucky University's O'Donnell scholarship program for senior citizens, at-tending classes of interest to her —geology, typing, créative writing, andlawn and turf management. And shefeeds her lifelong love of the arts by at-tending concerts, lectures, and plays.JOHN U. NEF, x'17, founder of theCommittee on Social Thought at theUniversity of Chicago, was the récipientof the 1979 Leonardo da Vinci medalawarded by the Society for the Historyof Technology. CLASS NOTES1923LAWRENCE MARTIN, PhB'23, a Win-netka attorney, has been appointed viceprésident of real estate at that city'sBankers Life and Casualty Co.ARCHIBALD T. MCPHERSON, PhD'23,a retired chemist and physical scienceadministrator for the National Bureau ofStandards in Gaithersburg, Maryland,received his honorary membershipduring cérémonies hosted by the ASTMMiddle Atlantic District on April 4 inMaryland.1926HENRY WEIHOFEN, PhB'26, JD'28,JSD'30, has completed work on a newédition of a book he published 18 yearsago, Légal Writing Style. The work hasbeen a popular text in many law schools.Weihofen is a professor emeritus of theUniversity of New Mexico School ofLaw, and the author of a number ofother books. The revised édition ofLégal Writing Style was published in December by West Publishing Company.1927NANCY F. WOOD, AM'27, was honoredfor her contributions to the NationalOrganization for Women (NOW) at a réception held November 4 in BeverlyShores, Indiana. Wood was a member ofthe national board of NOW, 1968-75,and is a charter member. She hasworked for women's rights almost ail herlife. Besides her work for NOW, she wasonce international chair on the status ofwomen for ZONTA, an internationalgroup of business and professionalwomen. In the 1960s she was on the Illinois commission on the status ofwomen.1929JEANNE DELAMARTER BONNETTE,X'29, has recently published her seventhbook of poetry, Leaf Change (GoldenQuill Press).FRITIOF M. FRYXELL, PhD'29, received an honorary Doctor of Laws degree during summer commencementexercises at the University of Wyoming.Professor emeritus of geology at Au-gustana Collège, Fryxell was instrumental in developing Grand TetonNational Park and when dedicationcérémonies were held in 1929, he assumed duties as the new park's first nat-uralist.JAMES WAKEFIELD BURKE, X'29, haspublished his eighteenth book, A For-gotten Glory (Texian Press). It is a studyof the missions of old Texas.1931DONALD H. DALTON, SB'31, has beenappointed General Counsel for the National Association of retired FédéralEmployées. He is prominent in the fieldof fédéral personnel law and has servedthree years as chairman of the Civil Service Law Committee of the Washington,D.C. Bar Association.ARTHUR L. SMITH, SM'31, writes totell us what he's been doing since hisretirement from high school instructionin South Bend, Indiana. He is living inEurêka, Illinois, and thinking of developing the three or four acre plot that theadministration gave him into a mini-biome of Oak-Hickory climax. He became interested in that phase of ecologywhile he was a student of Dr. Henry C.Cowles in the 20s and 30s at the University. So far, he has about 70 différentspecies of trees and 20 différent shrubsin that acreage. He concludes by sayingthat his retirement years are enriched bythe values gained as a student at theUniversity of Chicago.1934CHALKLEY J. HAMBLETON, AB'34, hasaccepted élection as Chairman of theBoard of Trustées of Chicago's New-bèrry Library. Hambleton served theHarris Trust and Savings Bank for 42years, where he was président from1971 to 1976 and vice-chairman from1976 until his retirement in 1977.1936RAEZELLA KLEPPER ANDERSON, AM'36,reviewed Stephen Birmingham's six- teenth book, Life at the Dakota, at thePomona Ebell Club in California lastOctober.DANIEL B. KNOCK, SM'36, was a spécial speaker last October at the Sundaymorning session of the Adult class at theGloria Dei Lutheran Church, Bristol,Connecticut. He spoke about his expériences with such organizations asChurch World Service andTechnoserve, Inc., and the work he didin Greece and Ghana, West Africa toassist résidents of those countries to increase their supply of food. He is retiredas the manager of technical services forthe RJR Foods Division of RJR Industries, Winston-Salem.DAVID SAXE, AB'36, is vice présidentfor finance and opérations at the ElectricPower Research Institute, with chargeover the institute's business affairs. Saxehas made a career of research management, and 'when he joined EPRI at itsbirth in 1973 it was the second time inhis life he had entered an organizationthat was still being built. He joined theAtomic Energy Commission when it wasbeing formed in 1947 and spent until1961 as deputy manager of the AEC'sChicago Opérations Office. Saxe spent196 1-1 97 3 in Los Angeles as vice président of opérations for Atomics International.1937HELEN HARSHBARGER, AB'37, is a Re-publican candidate for the Illinois StateSenate. She is a tax consultant andowner of a financial planning servicesbureau.Retired from full-time work as anArizona state employment specialist,LEO MYSLICKI, AB'37, has announcedhe's now in business as Financial andRetirement Planning Associates in Tue-son.1938LANDRUM R. BOLLING, AM'38, président of the Council on Foundations inNew York City, has been elected to theboard of managers of Haverford Collège.PAUL PICKERING, SB'38, SM'39,MD'4l, was presented the American Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgeons, Inc. Prestigious Honorary Citation Award at the Society's 48th AnnualMeeting last October. He is a professorof plastic surgery at the University ofCalifornia at San Diego.1939ROBERT O. ANDERSON, AB'39, chairmanof the board and chief executive officerof the Atlantic Richfield Company, was the principal speaker at the 30th anniversary célébration for the AmericanCommittee for the Weizmann Instituteof Science, held at New York'sWaldorf-Astoria last October 24.In thèse days of économie un-certainty, several people are re-membering October 29, 1929 — the daythe market crashed — and the Great De-pression. One of those people is Agriculture Department historian GLADYSBAKER, PhD'39, who grew up on acorn-hog farm in Ringo County, Iowa.Her family survived the Dépressionpartly because her father, président of abank that failed, held on to one farm andsold land purchased at inflated prices toa wealthy buyer. After she got her doc-torate, she began her career at the Agriculture Department.1940VICTOR D. CARLSON, AM'40, is the au-thor of A Better Life in Asia and Africa(Vantage Press, New York). The book isbased on his nine years of expérience asSenior Social Welfare advisor for theUnited Nations. Prior to joining thestaff of the United Nations, he was astaff member of the Oregon State PublicWelfare Commission and the Bureau ofFamily Services in the United StatesDepartment of Health, Education andWelfare. He now lives in Corvallis, Oregon.1941The Knights of Columbus of Oak Ridge,Tennessee, named ROBERT R. BIGELOW,SB'41, MD'43, the récipient of the I6thannual Columbus Award for Community Service in 1979- Dr. Bigelow, a surgeon, has been a résident of Oak Ridgesince 1949 and was recognized for hisoutstanding contributions to the community.EDWIN L. ZEBROSKI, SB'4l, Directorof the Nuclear Safety Analysis Center ofthe Electric Power Research Institute inPalo Alto, spoke at the meeting of theJoint American Society for Metals & theAmerican Nuclear Society last December. His subject was "The Significanceof the Responses to the Three Mile Is-land Accident."1943LAWRENCE J. BATES, SB'43, has beenelected executive vice président of theAmerican Bureau of Shipping, aManhattan-based international shipclassification society that establishesstandards for the -design, constructionand periodic survey of merchant vesselsand other marine structures. He hasbeen with the ABS since 1951.41HERBERT L. BERMAN, SM'43, is tech-nical director of the newly formedLinear Laboratories Division of LinearCorporation. Berman has been apioneer in the development, manufacture and marketing of infrared non-contact température measurement instrumentation.The Board of Régents of the University System of Georgia conferred thetitle of Président Emeritus on AARONBROWN, PhD'43, formerly président ofAlbany State Collège, Georgia. Brownhas also received professor emeritusstatus at Long Island University, NewYork, where he served as spécial assistant to the président.1945J. ROBERT SMUDSKI, DB'45, wrote "Howto Build a Church Community," whichappeared in the October 6, 1979 éditionof the Orlando, FloridaSentinel Star. Heis minister of the First Unitarian Churchof Orlando.1946PHOEBE ANDERSON, AM'46, a notedChristian educator of the United Churchof Christ, served as speaker and resource person for a September work-shop at Plymouth Indiana's Congrega-tional Church titled "Levels of SpiritualDevelopment in Children."MILTON T. EDELMAN, SB'46, has retired from his position as professor oféconomies at Southern Illinois University. Edelman joined Southern Illinois'staff in 1950.1948Beaver Collège (Pennsylvania) spon-sored a lecture last June 6 given by EDWARD P. J. CORBETT, AM'48, of OhioState University. Titled "Rhetoric, theEnabling Discipline," the lecture was thesecond in a séries on "Writing: Proseand Process."RALPH M. GOLDMAN, AM'48, PhD'51,professor of political science at SanFrancisco State University, is the authorof Search For Consensus: The S tory of theDémocratie Party (Temple UniversityPress). He has also recently published apaper on the émergence of transnationalpolitical parties and their probable impact on the parties of the United States,in Louis Maisel and Joseph Cooper(eds.), Political Parties: Development andDecay (Sage Publications).Assisted by a smaller but increasinglyproductive population, Baltimore beginsthe 80s with growing opportunities forprivate and public prosperity —according to a 123-page report preparedby MELVIN R. LEVIN, AM'48, PhD'56, the director of community planning at theUniversity of Maryland.DAVID E. MANN, SM'48, PhD'48, assistant secretary of the Navy, was inChicago last October 25th as principalspeaker at the 25th anniversary of thededication of the captured GermanU-505 submarine at the Muséum of Science and Industry.WILLIAM A. PRYOR, PhB'48, SB'51,will be the récipient of the 1980 Petroleum Chemistry Award of the AmericanChemical Society. The plaque will bepresented at a symposium in Dr. Pryor'shonor at the Spring ACS Meeting inHouston in March and is accompaniedby a $5000 tax-free award. Dr. Pryor,Boyd Professor of Chemistry atLouisiana State University in BâtonRouge, reports that he has just had histhirteenth book published and that twoof his earlier books hâve just appearedin Russian language éditions. Ail thataside, Dr. Pryor reports he is reallyproud of the fact that he is the designerof the first bike path leading to LSU,which has proven very popular andwhich he can take to school year-round.IRWIN WEIL, AB'48, AM'51, professorof Russian and comparative literature atNorthwestern University, was the fea-tured speaker at the first program in theCommunity Nursing ServiceChautauqua lecture séries, Faith Lu-theran Church, Glen Ellyn, Illinois, lastSeptember.1949JAMES H. BRODERICK, AM'49, professorof English and associate dean ofacadémie studies of the Collège of Artsand Sciences at the University of Massachusetts at Boston, has been namedDeputy Chancellor. Broderick has beena member of the U. Mass/Boston facultysince 1967. He served as chairman ofthe English Department 1969-1972 andas associate provost in 1973.C. CONRAD BROWNE, DB'49, formerAmerican Baptist missionary in thePhilippines, addressed members of theGenesee Baptist Women's Associationat La Grange Baptist Church, Batavia,New York, last October.ALLEN V. BUTTERWORTH, SM'49,head of the mathematics department,General Motors Research Laboratories,spoke last November 6 at St. Bonaven-ture Collège (New York). His addresswas titled "Policy Analysis: Making theMost of Alternatives."ROBERT COSGROVE, MBA'49, hasjoined the staff of Freitag Land Realty,Inc. His responsibilities includeestablishing a syndicated apartmentbuilding investment program and ex- panding Freitag's farm land investmentprogram.EDWARD A. HODGE, AM'49, director ofpersonnel and public relations at Packard Electric Division of General Motors,has been appointed director of personnel of General Motors Espana inSaragossa, Spain.An internationally-known researcher incrime, delinquency, and violence, JAMESF. SHORT, JR., AM'49, PhD'51, was atTexas Christian University last Octoberas one of nineteen scholars chosen asVisiting Green Professor for 1978-79.He is director of the Social ResearchCenter at Washington State University.1950BILL BRANDT, JD'50, spent three hours aweek over a nine-week period prior toThanksgiving working with Universityof Illinois law students. A trial lawyer inBloomington, Illinois, Brandt critiquedthose students on their courtroom performances in mock trials.GERALD R. DALY, AM'50, has joinedthe Pace Consulting Group as an associate consultant specializing in fundraising, public relations and marketingconsulting. Previously, he worked onthe staff of the Campaign for Yale, andhe served an 11 -year stint as a diplomatin the Far East and South America.YOSHIO FUKUYAMA, DB'50, PhD'60,professor of religious studies and headof Pennsylvania State University's Department of Religious Affairs, was thefeatured speaker at an inter-denominational service in that university's Helen Eakin Eisenhower Chapellast October 7. Dr. Fukuyama, a spe-cialist in the sociology of religion, spokeon "To Challenge and To Comfort."CHARLES LAVERY, PhD'50, who hasled St. John Fisher Collège (New York)through more than two décades ofgrowth and progress will retire from thepresidency of that institution at the endof the current académie year.LEWIS P. LIPSITT, AB'50, director ofthe Child Study Center at Brown University, has been elected président ofthe Division on Developmental Psychology of the American PsychologicalAssociation. He will serve his one-yearterm during the 1980-81 académie year.WILLIAM R. MCGRATH, AB'50, was inMcLean, Virginia last October 12 and 13to give a two-hour lecture on herbal nutrition. McGrath has lectured exten-sively the last few years and is now pub-lishing his fifth book in the field.Speaking to the Houston Chapter ofthe National Association of BusinessEconomists, ezra solomon, PhD'50,predicted that market forces could keep42the next 20 years from being marked byslow growth and persistent inflation,with a little help from computer-basedtechnology. Solomon is a professor offinance at Stanford.1951ROBERT markson, AB'51, has beenpromoted to co-manager of Sperling's, afurniture store in Watertown, NewYork.ARCHIE LIDDELL MCNEAL, PhD'51,has retired as director of the Universityof Miami Libraries after twenty-sevenyears of service. He had been librarian atEast Tennessee State Collège and chiefof Readers Services at the University ofTennessee before joining Miami's staffas its director in 1952.THALIA CHERONIS-SELZ, AM'51, iscurrently Visiting Associate Professor inCreative Writing at the University ofMissouri-Columbia. Two chapters of hernovel-in-progress, The Greek Garden,appeared in the January 1980 issue ofStory Quarterly, the Illinois Writers'issue.1952Except for the lovemaking of a hoaryAldabra tortoise, there were no un-seemly events as the Philadelphia Zoocelebrated its 105th birthday last Julyand at the same time welcomed its newprésident, WILLIAM V. DONALDSON,x'52. Donaldson, who at 48 is the sameâge as Massa the Gorilla (the zoo' s fa-mous ape, the oldest gorilla in captivity),has dreamed of running a zoo since theâge of 4. While at the University ofChicago, he supported himself bycleaning cages at the Lincoln Park Zoo.DONALD L. FINK, AB'52, SB'54,MD'56, has been elected Chief of theExecutive Committee of the MédicalStaff at San Francisco General HospitalMédical Center. Dr. Fink has been withSan Francisco General since 1971.1953B. june macklin, AM'53, professor ofanthropology at Connecticut Collège,discussed "Women in Cross-CulturalPerspective: Amazons or Slaves" on thatuniversity's campus last September. Sheis chairwoman of Connecticut's anthropology department.EUGENE J. O'MEARA, MBA'53, président of Sharon, Pennsylvania GeneralHospital, was elected chairman-elect ofthe Hospital Association of Pennsylvania (HAP) during the annual fallconférence of that statewide nonprofithealth organization1954HARRIS DIENSTFREY, AB'54, AM'56, is the co-author (with Joseph Lederer) ofWhat Do You Want To Be When YouGrow Old? (a Bantam Paperback original).ARNIE MATANKY, x'54, is listed in theseventeenth édition of Who' s Who in theMidwest. He is Director of Public Information for the Chicago Park District.1955The first documentary movie in morethan twenty years devoted exclusively toUFOs opened last fall in theatersthroughout the country. The documentary is an illustrated lecture by STANTONT. FRIEDMAN, SB'55, SM'56, "the flyingsaucer physicist."LEO F. HOHNSTEDT, PhD'55, pro-fessor of chemistry at Saint Louis University, was honored at the university'sannual Civic Dinner last October forhaving completed twenty-five years ofservice.BETTE HOWLAND, AB'55, is living andwriting in Peaks Island, Maine. She hashad two books published, W-3 and Bluein Chicago, and is working on a thirdwhich will be published by Alfred A.Knopf.PHILIP ROTH, AM'55, has a new book;The Ghost Writer (Farrar Straus &Giroux).1956JOHN M. DAWSON, PhD'56, director oflibraries at the University of Delaware,retired last July after more thantwenty-one years of service. Beforejoining that university's staff, Dawsonserved as assistant director of the University of Chicago Library, as lecturer inthe University of Chicago Graduate Library School, as assistant librarian atTulane University, and as business manager of the University of Alabama Library.LEONARD ("BUD") DORIN, AB'56,MBA'57, has been appointed GeneralManager of Farallon-Oceanic in SanFrancisco, returning to the U.S. afterliving for twenty-two years in Europe.PHILIP S. MARCUS, AB'56, SB'58,SM'59, has been appointed an associateprofessor of mathematics at EurêkaCollège, Eurêka, Illinois. He cornes toEurêka from Christian Brothers Collège, Memphis.CLIFTON R. WHARTON, AM'56,PhD'58, chancellor of the State University of New York, was the main speakerat the October Ulster County, NewYork Chamber of Commerce breakfast.1957IMOGENE H. KITTLAUS, AB'57, isworking at OSHH at the Department of Labor as advance person in charge ofspeeches and travel for Assistant Secretary of Labor, Eula Bingham.CHARLES YUNDT, AB'57, AB'59,MBA'60, assistant professor of account-ing at Pan American University, Edin-burg, Texas, taught a one-day management seminar at that university lastNovember titled "Income Tax for SmallBusiness."1958JOSEPH M. COOGLE, JR., MBA'58, hasbeen named président of KetchumInternational Inc., an advertising agencywith offices in London, Hong Kong,Frankfurt, Tokyo, Paris, and Toronto.Mr. Coogle, who had been executivevice président and director of marketingfor Ketchum New York, is now at thePittsburgh headquarters of Ketchum.1959JEROME COHEN, AM'59, associate professor of social science at Tunxis Community Collège (Connecticut) taught a10-week course last fall on ClassicalJewish Thinkers for the Jewish Community Center, West Hartford, Connecticut.VERA LASKA, PhD'59, has been promoted to full professor of Americanhistory at Régis Collège, Massachusetts,where she also holds the title of chairman of the Division of Social Sciences.NICHOLAS J. LENN, SB'59, SM'64,MD'64, phD'67, has been appointed associate professor of pediatrics andneurology at the University of VirginiaSchool of Medicine. Previously, hetaught at the University of California,Davis.PAUL L. SCHER, AB'59, wrote"NARPPS — Key to the Survival of Rehabilitation in the Nineteen-Eighties,"which appeared in the July/August/September 1979 issue of the Journal ofRehabilitation. He is Corporate Managerof the Handicapped Program at the National Personnel Department of Sears,Roebuck, and Company, and is responsible for the company's nationalAffirmative Action and RehabilitationProgram.1960Last May, Illinois Governor James R.Thompson appointed JOHN W. CASTLE,JD'60, as director of the Illinois Department of Business and Economie Development. Castle was previously présidentof Castle Communications, Inc., aprinting-typesetting firm which providestélévision program data to newspapersthroughout the nation.HOWARD MILLER, JD'60, has joined43the Los Angeles Daily Journal as itsexecutive editor. He directs the dailycontent of the paper. Miller was previously président of the Los AngelesCity Board of Education.CLAYTON C. REEVE, AM'60, COOr-dinator of graduate programs at Tennessee State University, has been namedacting chairman of the TSU departmentof English.STEVEN B. ZELIKOFF, MBA'60, hasbeen named an associate professor atWidener University. He previouslytaught at Rider Collège, New Jersey,and at the Philadelphia collège of Textiles and Science.1961J. TERRY ERNEST, MD'61, PhD'67, pro-fessor of ophthalmology at the University of Wisconsin, has been namedchairman of the Department ofOphthalmology at the Indiana University School of Medicine.ROBERT V. GOLDSTEIN, MBA'6l, waselected vice président of advertising forProcter & Gamble Company. He wasgênerai advertising manager previous tothat.1962An article about JOHN C. BROOKS,JD'62, Commissioner of Labor for theState of North Carolina, appeared in theOctober, 1979 issue of North Carolina.Titled "The Bad Boy of State Politics,"the article was written by Jerry Adams.CHARLES E. BUTTERWORTH, AM'62,PhD'66, had two books published lastsummer. One, an édition of the Arabietext of Averroes' Middle Commentary pnTopics, was published in Cairo by theGeneral Egyptian Book Organizationand the American Research Center inEgypt. In addition to the edited Arabietext, it contains a long essay on themeaning of the work. The other volumeis a translation of Jean-Jacques Rous-seau's Rêveries of the Solitary Walker withan interprétative essay and annotations.This work was published by New YorkUniversity Press.WILLIAM B. PROVINE, SB'62, AM'65,PhD'70, associate professor both in theDepartment of History and the Divisionof Biological Sciences at Cornell University, has been appointed a Phi BetaKappa Visiting Scholar for 1979-80. Heis a member of the AAAS, the History ofScience Society, and the American Ge-netic Association.1963ANDREW M. klein, ab'63, JD'66, director of the Securities and ExchangeCommission's division of market ré gulation in Washington, has left that position to join the Chicago law firm ofSchiff, Hardin & White.BERNARD J. LACHNER, MBA'63, is thenew chairman-elect designate of theAmerican Hospital Association's Boardof Trustées and began his duties on January 1,JOSEPH A. PICHLER, MBA'63, PhD'66,dean of Kansas University's School ofBusiness since 19*74, will becomeexecutive vice président of the DillonCompanies, Hutchinson, Kansas, nextsummer.BRUCE A. SHUMAN, AB'63, AM'65,formerly associate professor of libraryscience, University of Oklahoma, hasjoined the faculty of the GraduateSchool of Library and InformationStudies, Queens Collège of the CityUniversity of New York, as associateprofessor.1964STEPHEN M. berk, am'64, associateprofessor of history at Union Collège,opened the annual fall lecture séries ofSchenectady's Temple Gates of Heavenwith a lecture titled "The Jewish-American Expérience: Assimilation andAnti-Semitism."ROBERT E. VANDEN BOSCH, MBA'64,became head of the Harris Bank ofChicago's international banking grouplast November. He directs opérations ineight countries, as well as in the mainoffice. He was formerly the bank's London branch manager.Established under the 1978 Ethics inGovernment Act, the Senate LégalCounsel is delegated with the re-sponsibility of "representing the Senate,its committees, members' officers andemployées" according to the direction ofthe Senate. The office of the SenateLégal Counsel was formed last July andis headed by MICHAEL DAVIDSON,JD'64. He is a former law instructor atthe State University of New York inBuffalo. He has also worked as the chiefstaff counsel for the U. S. State of Ap-peals in Washington and as an attorneyfor the NAACP légal défense fund.MICHAEL DENNENY, AB'64, AM'70,recently contributed to Hannah Arendt:The Recovery of the Public World, a collection of essays on Arendt. He also recently authored Lovers: The S tory ofTwoMen (Avon Books), a book of interviewswith a gay couple, and is a founder andeditor at Christopher Street Magazine, aNew York gay magazine."Récent Review of Legionnaire's Dis-ease" was the title of a slide lecture présentation delivered on November 1 atAlfred State Agricultural and Technical Collège (New York) by JEROMEHRUSKA, SB'64, PhD'70, MD'70, an assistant professor of medicine at the University of Rochester School ofMedicine.WALTER OKRONGLEY, MBA'64, was afeatured speaker at "The Challenge ofLeadership," a two-day seminar forwomen in management held lastNovember by the division of continuingstudies of Indiana University Northwest. He is business planning managerfor International Harvester company'sagricultural equipment group, NorthAmerican opérations.1965ALLAN ABRAMSON, SM'65, PhD'71, isthe new director of the EnvironmentalProtection Agency's Région VII WaterDivision.Euthanasia was the topic of the fourthsession in Hope College's séries of public forums and was discussed by BruceMiller and MARTIN BENJAMIN, AM'65,•PhD'70, co-directors of the MédicalHumanities Program at Michigan StateUniversity. Benjamin is the humanistconsultant to the public éducation committee of the Michigan Hospice Organization, and he dealt with the spécialquestions relating to allowing infants,newborns and incompétents to die.WAYNE D. FIELDS, AM'65, PhD'72, aS-sociate professor of English, Collège ofArts and Sciences, Washington University, St. Louis, was honored during theuniversity's Alumni Day last October foroutstanding work in his department.Fields joined that university's faculty in1965 and was appointed associate professor in 1977.United Bank of Denver has an-nounced the appointment of JOHN T.GROTON, MBA'65, to the position of viceprésident. Groton joined UBD in 1974,was named a trust investment officerthat year an assistant vice président in1977."Are Strikes Avoidable?" is the titleof an article appearing in theSeptember/October 1979 issue of Mid-west 88 Manufacturing authored byWOODRUFF IMBERMAN, AM'65, PhD'73.LARRY D. LUTCHMANSINGH, AM'65,chairman of the Bowdoin Collège department of art, has been named an arthistory consultant to the National En-dowment for the Humanities.1966C. T. (TED) ENGDALL, mba'66, has beenelected a vice président of the ValleyNational Bank, Phoenix, Arizona, andappointed manager of its bank prop-erties management division. Engdall44began his career with the bank as assistant manager of the division in January,1979.1967The May Issue of the "Delta EpsilonSigma Bulletin" featured an article onhigher éducation written by PAULBROWN, MBA'67, assistant to theprésident of Quincy Collège, Illinois.Détroit Institute of Arts DirectorFREDERICK J. CUMMINGS, PhD'67,turned down an offer to become director of a major art muséum in anothercity — for the second time in one year.Citing his dévotion to Détroit and to hisjob, Cummings declined an offer to become director of the Los AngelesCounty Muséum last September. Healso turned down the directorship of theChicago Art Institute.CHARLES K. DERBER, AM'67, PhD'71,is the author of The Pursuit of Attention(G. K. Hall & Co., 1979).Speaking at a computer seminar heldlast September in Washington, D. C.which was sponsored by the ProfessionalIndependent Mass-Marketing Administrators, RICHARD FRIEDMAN, MBA'67,gave a présentation titled "Choosing theRight System For My Agency." Fried-man is the président of General Business Consultants, Chicago, and has beeninvolved with computers for more thanseventeen years.ELINOR BLAKE LEVINSON, JD'67,married Dr. James Nicol Hood on September 8 in Edgartown, Massachusetts.She is deputy public defender of thecounty and city of Los Angeles, and herhusband is a practicing psychiatrist.JESSE JACKSON, x'67, was in the Mid-dle East last September to talk with PLOChairman Yasser Arafat and to promotethe cause of peace.JON MARSHALL, AM'67, a methodsanalyst for Citizens Insurance Companyof America, is teaching accounting at theLivingston County, Michigan branch ofCleary Collège.JOSEPH METH, MBA'67, has been appointed vice président of administrationand corporate controller of F.Schumacher and Co., a fabric, wall cov-ering, and carpet firm in Mt. Kisco, NewYork.Bethlehem, Pennsylvania attorneyWILLIAM F. MORAN, JD'67, a North-ampton County councilman, has an-nounced he will seek the Démocratienomination for the 15th District U.S.House of Représentatives seat.KATHLEEN K. RUHL, MAT'67, is an in-structor of communications at OaktonCommunity Collège, Niles, Illinois.If you're looking for a job in a growth industry, look to advertising. ARTHURW. SCHULTZ, AB'67, chairman of theboard and chief executive officer ofChicago's Foote, Cône & BeldingCommunications Inc., says in "Pioneersof Modem Advertising," an article ap-pearing in the September 1979 issue ofCommerce: "Business, institutions, andgovernment hâve ail turned to advertising as the most efficient form of com-municating directly with the différentgroups that make up our society."1968SARAH L. BURNS, AB'68, an assistantprofessor in the art history departmentat Indiana University, has earned herPhD from the University of Illinois.WILLIAM S. COOK, MBA'68, has beenappointed Manager of MarketPlanning-Corporate Marketing for theMemorex Corporation. Prior to joiningMemorex, Cook was Marketing GroupManager for Frito-Lay, Inc.M. BARRY FAYE, AM'68, has received atwo-year fellowship from SangamonState University, Springfield, Illinois.He is pursuing a course of study whichwill lead to a master's degree in publicadministration with a concentration inlégal studies. Faye is professor of political science at Blackburn Collège.The American Dental Association hasappointed FRANK H. GINN, MBA'68, asits new director of finance and businessaffairs. Prior to his ADA appointment,Mr. Ginn was a consultant and an associate of Booz, Allen and Hamilton,Inc., a management consulting firm inChicago.ROBERT P. GRATHWOL, PhD'68, headlibrarian at the Bologna Center Libraryin Bologna, Italy, last year, has been appointed associate professor of history atWashington State University. His book,Reconciliation or Revenge in GermanForeign Policy, 1924-1928, will be available from Régents Press of Kansas thisyear.In an interview appearing in the October 28, 1979 édition of the San DiegoUnion, THOMAS SOWELL, PhD'68, économies professor at UCLA, historian, andadjunct scholar of the American Enterprise Institute, told editors that économie achievement historically has beendemonstrated to be a surer ladder tosuccess for ethnie minorities than législative action.OTHA SPENCER, AM'68, heads thenew crisis assistance program at San JoséHospital. She was previously a socialworker at the hospital for four years.1969DAVID j. caro, AB'69, has joined the Médical and Surgical Clinic, Peoria, Illinois, where he specializes in urology,pédiatrie urology and infertility.RAYMOND C. NELSON, MD'69, hasjoined the Rittenour Médical Clinic,Plains, Montana. Previously, he wasphysician in charge of the MissionaryHospital in Imeloko, Zaire, Africa.EDWARD A. RIEDINGER, AM'69,PhD'78, has been appointed Director ofthe Office of Counseling Services of theFulbright Commission in Rio de Janeiro.1970BARBARA STOLBERG ADELMAN, AB'70,MBA'76, is coordinator of graduate management admissions and counseling inPurdue University's Krannert GraduateSchool of Management. She is responsible for admissions, recruitment,and counseling of master' s-degree students in the Krannert school.JOSEPH B. FANCHI, MBA'70, acertified public accountant, has beennamed to the newly-created post of viceprésident-finance and chief financialofficer at Skyline Corp., Elkhart, IndianaA group of thirty-two outstandingyoung American artists and scholars,chosen from over 500 applicants, left forItaly last September to begin a year ofrésidence at the American Academy inRome. One of those thirty-two Ameri-cans was ARTHUR FIELD, AM'71, ateaching assistant in the Department ofHistory at the University of Michigan.He is spending his year in Rome writinga monograph on philosophical thoughtin the mid-15th century.BARBARA FREEOUF, AB'70, MAT'71,and JOHN LAWRENCE FREEOUF, SM'69,PhD'73, became the proud parents ofMichelle Kristina Freeouf on May 22,1979.EDI KARNI, AM'70, PhD'71, and BARceBARA SHAPIRO, MBA'79, are engaged tobe married. Karni, professor of Economies at the Tel Aviv University, is avisiting professor at the Johns HopkinsUniversity. Shapiro is a consultant withRobert R. Nathan Associates in Washington, D. C.JAMES KEOUGH, AM'70, PhD'76, hasbeen named Managing Editor oiHudsonHome Magazine, a monthly publicationdevoted to topics on home building, re-modeling, decorating and maintenance.He was previously Editor of HospitalForum and Director of Communicationsfor the Association of Western Hospitals.GARY KOPACEK, MBA'70, has joinedEconomies Laboratory, Inc. as planningmanager, International Consumer Opérations, St. Paul. Kopacek was managerof international pricing, International45Division, for Abbott Laboratories,Chicago.STUART N. LERWICK, SB'70, AssistantActuary with the Fireman's Fund Insurance Companies in San Francisco, hasachieved the distinction of Fellow in theCasualty Actuarial Society which wasofficially awarded at the Society'sNovember, 1979 semi-annual meetingin Orlando, Florida.LARRY PIROVANO, MBA'70, broker/sales associate at Holding O'Connor Blaeser, Des Plaines, Illinois, surpassedthe $1 million mark in sales for 1979.Pirovano has accomplished this for several years, making him a life-timemember of the MAP Multiple ListingService Million Dollar Club.1971ALBERT ADAMS, PhD'71, is director ofcounseling at the Community Collège atSchnecksville, Pennsylvania, and also serves as head of its Success ThroughEducation Program.GARY D. CABLE, SM'71, has beennamed a section manager of ComputerSciences Corporation.J. T. DILLON, AM'71, PhD'78, has accepted a position as assistant professorof éducation at the University ofCalifornia, Riverside. As a treat forcompleting his PhD at Chicago, he wenton to earn an AM in History at ChicagoState University in 1979-Jlte ULn.ïvmùtu ûj CJacuao éludent L-ttice dJteunt.reatiitiuaJ-ke ^yjleun y^Ldiet \^tclte&t tatAet tlte détection oi limm.it y+enÂetionFor additional information, call the Student Activities Office(312) 753-3593.Return to Ms. Mary ParrinManager, Reynolds Club5706 S. University AvenueChicago, Illinois uxeJLe 7/ tuuucuauFriday, April 25, 1980Ida Noyés Hall 9:00 PM1212 East 59th StreetPlease send_Please send. -alumni tickets at $12.00 each.sponsor tickets at $50.00 each (in-cludes dinner) for TUXEDO JUNCTION on Friday, April 25,1980.NameStreet-City -State- .Zip.Daytime Phone _Amount enclosedPlease enclose a self-addressed, stamped envelope and your check made payableto the University of Chicago with this form.46In "The Real Sore Spot in NewYork's Economy," an article appearingin the November 19, 1979 issue of Fortune, JULIA VITULLO-MARTIN, AM'71,describes how the city's hostility to thesmall manufacturer is driving him out oftown — or out of business entirely.The Colorado Water ConservationBoard, a division of the Colorado Department of Natural Resources, has appointed J. WILLIAM MCDONALD, JD'71,as its new director. As a member of theColorado Department of Natural Resources staff for the last three years,McDonald managed an ongoing statewater study and a federally funded as-sessment of the impacts of energy development on the water resources of theUpper Colorado River Basin.RALPH NEAS, JD'71, is back at workon Capitol Hill after a near fatal illness.Neas spent three months in critical condition, totally paralyzed as a resuit ofGuillain-Barre syndrome. But he's nowback in the place where he served aschief législative assistant for, first,Senator Edward Brooke (R-Mass.) and,now, for Senator David Durenberger(R-Minn.).The Learning Development Center atMount Holyoke Collège has appointedIRA ROSOFSKY, AM'71, PhD'76, as itsnew director. He was formerly the chiefpsychologist of the Child GuidanceClinic, Springfield, Massachusetts.SUSAN SCHWARTZ, MAT'71, marriedJoseph Harris on December 30. She isassistant to the superintendent ofschools, East Greenbush Central SchoolDistrict, and a member of the New Yorkstate éducation commissioner's Advi-sory Council on Equality for Women.Her husband is a judge in AlbanyCounty.1972EDWARD J. BOCK, x'72, has been namedprésident of Banner Service Corp., aDes Plaines, Illinois based company spe-cializing in rod, bar and centerlessgrinding of various metals.MARY DURKIN, AM'72, DMN'74, par-ticipated in the 1980 Religious Education Congress held in Tucson duringFebruary. She conducted two workshops, one titled "Parents as Educatorsin Human Sexuality," and the other ex-amining how parental development issues influence the parent-teenager relationship and how the church can be ofassistance to both parents and teenagers.PAUL KLINE, MBA'72, président ofPaul Kline Real Estate, Flossmoor, Illinois, has joined with Tom Mencke toform a new corporation, Kline-MenckeReal Estate. Because we could not improve on it,we are printing this "press release" in itsentirety: "Fellows of Orderly DigestionHold Grande Bouffe." The Fellows ofOrderly Digestion (FOOD) held a De-cennial Digestive March 13 and 14,1979, to commemorate the group'sfounding at the University of Chicago in1969.The célébration included a banquet ata well-known Washington, D.C. restaurant and a private dinner prepared bythe Fellows at a FOOD member's countryhome.Commenting on FOOD's raucous banquet at his restaurant, the proprietorranted, "Never before has such asophomoric group disgusted thisesteemed establishment with so copiousa chorus of belching and other offensiveconduct. Why, they even incited theother patrons to join their obnoxiousantics, and the horror of it ail was thatthe others joined in and actually enjoyeddisgracing themselves too. We werescandalized. But if you can't beat 'em, Iguess well hâve to join them. We'll beclosing at the end of the month foraltérations, and will reopen as a discowith a food fight motif in about twoweeks."FOOD's livid reaction to this libel wassummarized in a group statement: "Inretaliation, FOOD plans to empty ail therestaurant's sait shakers and fill themwith sugar."The private dinner the following evening was marred as sheriff's deputieswere called to the scène to keep hordesof milling spectators from tasting theleftovers. The riot began when a localrésident got a whiff of the dinner andbegan to beat down the door, hoping tosample a morsel or two of the sevencourse spread that the Fellows hadcooked. As Chief Assistant DeputySheriff Billy Joe Bobb put it, "Someonegot the bright idea that if they volun-teered for the clean-up committee, theywould be let in this party. You just can'tdo that in thèse parts. You got to hâvean invitation."FOOD members:STEVEN M. GLUCKSTERN, X'72(AB'72, Amherst Collège; PhD'75, University of Massachusetts), was a principalin Gluckstern, Byrd, Palm and Associates, Inc., which specialized in de-signing and managing educationalfacilities for overseas American con-cerns operating in unstable political cli-mates. Gluckstern is now enrolled at theStanford University Graduate School ofBusiness.WAYNE M. LIAO, AB'72 (JD'75, University of California, Berkeley), is a Deputy Attorney General of the State ofCalifornia (in San Francisco) ferventlybent on restoring compétition to themarketplace through relentless en-forcement of the antitrust laws.JAMES M. SACK, AB'72 (JD'75, BostonUniversity; LLM (Taxation)'78,Georgetown University), is associatedwith the Washington, D.C. law firm ofHydeman, Mason & Goodell, andspends his time seeking out the légalloophole grail and entertaining clients.JEFFREY R. SAFFLE, AB'72, MD'76, iscompleting his residency in Sait LakeCity with an eye toward developing burntreatment and bedside manners into hiseventual specialty and the basis for thedéfinitive treatise and bestseller onmédical étiquette.1973On AugUSt 1, ROBERT J. DARNALL,mba'73, assumed his duties as gêneraimanager of Inland Steel Co.'s IndianaHarbor Works. Darnall was previouslyan assistant gênerai manager of the25,200-employee works, in charge offlat-rolled product mills.Now serving as a vice président forUnited California Bank in its corporateplanning and development departmentis BJORN L. HOUSTON, JD'73, MBA'73.huey L. perry, AM'73, PhD'76, assistant professor of political science atTexas A & M University, Collège Station, Texas, has been appointed to athree-year term on the American Political Science Association's Committee onthe Status of Blacks in the Profession.WILLIAM M. WASON, PhD'73, MD'74,has joined the Elkhart (Indiana) Clinic,where he is specializing in the practice ofrheumatology.SCOT WHERLAND, SB'73, former research associate with the Kettering Research Laboratories, Yellow Springs,Ohio, has been appointed assistant professor of chemistry at Washington StateUniversity.1974JAMES F. FELDSTEIN, AB'74, has beenelected vice président of Charles R.Feldstein and Company, Inc., fundrais-ing counsel in Chicago.JERE EVANS FREEMAN, MBA'74, hasbeen named vice président for Gold KistIncorporated's corporate developmentdivision. Gold Kist Inc. opérâtes twopoultry facilities in Arkansas, andFreeman administers the company'splanning and économie research; food,crop and feed research and quality con-trol; corporate engineering; tax programs; and transportation.The Sheldon Swope Art Gallery,47Terre Haute, Indiana, hosted a seminarlast September titled "Future Directionsof Music Criticism," one of the featuredevents in the Contemporary Music Festival sponsored by the Department ofMusic of Indiana State University. Oneof the seminar's leaders was NANCYMALITZ, AM'74, music critic for theCincinnati Enquirer.HEDY M. RATNER, AM'74, a former assistant superintendent and média coor-dinator for the Cook County, IllinoisPublic Schools, has been appointed Assistant U. S. Commissioner of Educationin charge of Public Affairs for HEW'sOffice of Education. Last year, Ms.Ratner was designated one of the na-tion's top seventy-five women schooladministrators by the American Association of School Administrators.For the first time in the 22-year history of the Métro Public Safety Department in Miami, Florida, two blackwomen were promoted to the rank ofsergeant in cérémonies last October.One of those women was YOLANDAHARDY royal, ab'74, a five-year-veteran of the department.DAVID A. WEST, MBA'74, has beennamed manager of stratégie planning forthe Plastic Products Division of Uni-royal Inc. (New York).1975JOSEPH ACHENBAUM, MBA'75, has beenappointed administrative assistant ofTeachers Insurance and Annuity Association (TIAA) and Collège RetirementEquities Fund (CREF). He joined TIAA-CREF in 1975 and was a senior portfolioanalyst in the TIAA securities divisionprior to his promotion.DONALD P. CARSON, MBA'75, hasbeen promoted to vice président in theInternational Department of WachoviaBank and Trust Company in Winston-Salem, North Carolina. Carson has beenwith Wachovia since 1977.Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. hasannounced the appointment of PINGFONG, MBA'75, to opérations managerin the corporate research services department. He is responsible for administrative laboratory support andtechnical information services to AirProducts' Allentown and Linwood research and development units.BETSY MEISENHEIMER, MBA'75, hasbeen elected to the position of commercial loan officer at Marina Bank inChicago.JEFFREY S. RASLEY, AB'75, was ad-mitted to the practice of law in bothstate and fédéral courts during cérémonies last October in Indianapolis. Agraduate of Indiana University- Indianapolis Law School, he is employedby Légal Services Organization, Anderson, Indiana, and is the supervising at-torney for the Marion office of that organization.Continental Bank, Chicago, hasnamed ROBERT A. SILLS, MBA'75, a Systems officer in its opérations and management services department. He hasbeen with Continental since 1969.Radioear Corp., McMurray, Pennsylvania, has announced the appointment of JOHN C. SINCLAIR, MBA'75, asits Senior Vice Président of Engineering. Sinclair has more than fifteen yearsexpérience as Chief Engineer for majorhearing aid manufacturers.HANS J. WILDBERG, llm'75, writes totell us what he's been doing since he leftthe University. After finishing his doctoral work in June, 1978 he passed theSecond State Examination in GermanLaw in May, 1979- Since September,1979 he has been a lecturer at theCentre of European GovernmentalStudies, University of Edinburgh, Scot-land. His most récent publication is amonograph on the law of the sea: "Dieinternationale Meeresbodenbehôrde(ISA) — Ihre rohstoffwirtschaftlicheAufgabe, entwicklungspolitische Be-deutung und der Entwurf durch dieDritte Seerechtskonferenz" (Duncker &Humblot, Berlin 1979).Arny Granat and Jerry Mickelson ofJam Productions, Ltd., the midwest'slargest concert promoters, hâve joinedwith MARK ZIVIN, MBA'75, to formGroup Therapy, Ltd., a personal management company for musical talent.Based in Chicago, Group Therapy willoffer comprehensive professional services to musicians, including personalmanagement, career guidance, contractnegotiations, tour and booking arrangements and promotion. Zivin, formerly financial consultant to the ChaseManhattan Bank in New York City, willserve as company président and financialmanager, overseeing day-to-day firmopérations.1976JEANNE F. GRAHAM, MBA'76, has beennamed commercial banking officer ofthe Harris Bank, Chicago. She joinedthe bank in 1976 and is a member of thebanking department's Business BankingDivision, which offers service to privateand closely held companies.PETER MAZAREAS, MBA'76, has beenappointed Director of Community Services at Salem State Collège, Salem,Massachusetts. Previously, he was Spécial Assistant to the Président of theUniversity of Massachusetts. DENNIS F. MISURELL, AB'76, MBA'78,is now working for Warner-LambertCompany in Morris Plains, New Jersey,and was promoted last November toproduct manager in charge of new prod-ucts with the consumer products division of the company.The Jewish Community Center ofNew Haven, Connecticut has announced the appointment of HOWARDschultz, am'76, as its program director. Schultz is responsible for develop-ing JCC programs for children, teenag-ers, and senior citizens.ROBERT w. SMARTT, AB'76, has joinedthe New York City investment bankingfirm of Goldman, Sachs & Co. Smarttearned a master of business administration degree from Stanford in June.DAVE STEVENS, MBA'76, has beennamed vice président for Mead Packaging International, the internationalbranch of Mead Packaging, a leadingsupplier of paperboard packaging Systems to the soft drink, brewery and con-venience foods industries.ESTHER STINEMAN, AM'76, has COm-piled Women' s Studies: A RecommendedCore Bibliography (Libraries Unlimited,Inc.). She was formerly Women'sStudies Librarian-at-Large for the University of Wisconsin System where sheserved the fourteen campus universitycluster advising women's studies facultyand librarians on woman-related mate-rials and collection development. Shenow résides in Colorado Springs, Colorado.ROBERT W. SUTHERLAND, JR.,MBA'76, received an Occasional Fellowship from the University of Chicago forthe fall and winter terms during 1978-79and was selected as one of twenty participants in the 1979 NEH Summer Institute on "Extending Theoretical Foun-dations: Applications of TheoreticalSubfields of Political Science."1977ROBERT C. DRYDEN, MBA'77, managerof the Caterpillar Tractor Company'sMontgomery plant, has been appointedmanaging director of manufacturing opérations in Gosselies, Belgium.JERROLD GREEN, AM'77, joined theLake Forest Collège faculty last fall as alecturer in politics. He is a doctoral candidate at Chicago and lives with his wife,Shoshanna, and their two children inHyde Park.Raymond koeniz, mba'77, has beenappointed sales manager of Curtis Packaging Company, Newton, Connecticut.Koenig has more than eighteen yearsexpérience in the folding carton in-dustry, including eight years with48Champion International and ten yearswith Continental Can Co., both in theChicago area.JAMES E. MAY, MBA'77, has been appointed assistant director of the University of Chicago Hospitals and Clinics.He administers clinical and support services for Wyler Children's Hospital andthe médical centerwide departments ofphysical therapy and respiratorytherapy.KIM L. SCHEPPELE, AM'77, has joinedthe faculty of Bucknell University as anassistant professor of sociology. Duringthe past three years she has served as aresearch fellow with the NationalOpinion Research Center in Chicago,has been an associate book review editorwith the American Journal of Sociology,and has served as "Bulletin" editor, secretary and président of the Society forSocial Research at the University ofChicago.1978DAVID M. CARR, MBA'78, has joinedFirst National of Wellington, Kansas, asvice président. He will be involved in ailareas of lending, as well as marketingand public relations.WILLIAM H. DOWNEY, MBA'78, hasbeen named commercial manager ofCommonwealth Edison Company'snorthern division in Northbrook, Illinois. As commercial manager, Downeyhas gênerai supervision of the utility'smarketing and service activities for thedivision which serves 516,400 persons.THOMAS L. KALARIS, MBA'78, hasbeen appointed an assistant treasurer ofMorgan Guaranty Trust Company, NewYork. Kalaris joined Morgan in 1978and worked in the municipal bond department previous to his promotion.EVAN HOFFMAN SCHOUTEN, AM'78,has joined the Lake Forest Collège faculty as an instructor in économies. Shelives with her husband, Ronald, in LakeForest.JOHN TROOP, AB'78, writes that hehas been elected a Fellow of the Rooth-bert Foundation which has enabled himto continue his work towards a master indivinity degree at the University of theSouth in Sewanee, Tennessee.1979ROBERT CLAY, MBA'79, has joined thestaff of the Illinois Agricultural Association Trust Company, Bloomington,where he works with the mortgage loanand real estate investment portfolios.He previously worked with Mr. Discount Stockbrokers, Inc., Chicago, andthe Continental Illinois National Bank,Chicago. DAVID A. OATES, AB'79, is working atthe Shelbyville, Tennessee, Times-Gazette as a staff writer in the news department. He writes news, features, andthe business news.Religious cuits, particularly membersof the Unification Church or "Moonies,"use brainwashing techniques and guilt toforce compliance by their members,several persons told a législative panel inSpringfield, Illinois last September. Ex-pressing another view was STEVENPOST, AM'79, a member of the Unification Church who attributed the concernover new religions to "média bias." Hefurther stated that that bias is causingparents to kidnap their children andkeep them from making a free choice.DEBRA A. ROBINSON, JD'79, haspassed the State of Illinois bar examina-tion. She and her husband, HowardRobinson, are residing in Chicago.In MemoriamFacultyRaymond Bowman, professor emeritusin the Oriental Institute, the Departments of Near Eastern Languagesand Civilizations and New Testamentand Early Christian Literature, died inOctober. He served as chairman of theDepartment of Near Eastern Languagesand Civilizations from 1962-1968.Henry T. Ricketts, SB'24, professoremeritus in medicine, died November23. A specialist in internai medicine anddiabètes research, Dr. Ricketts was theauthor or coauthor of more than fifty articles in professional journals.Samuel Sandmel, the Helen A. Regenstein Professor in the DivinitySchool, died in Cincinnati, Ohio, inNovember. Rabbi Sandmel had joinedthe University in January 1979 afterhaving served on the faculty of HebrewUnion Collège in Cincinnati fortwenty-six years. He was the 1979 récipient of the Nicholas and Hedy MonkBrotherhood Award of the CanadianCouncil of Christians and Jews whichwas awarded posthumously in Toronto.Louis Round Wilson, the first Dean ofthe Graduate Library School at the University, died in December at the âge of102. He joined the faculty of the University in 1932 as dean of the GraduateLibrary School which had beenestablished in 1928 by a grant from theCarnegie Corporation. It was the onlygraduate school in the library field, andit had been without a head until Wilson's appointment. Wilson remained with theUniversity until his retirement in 1942.1900-1919Paul Van Cleef, SB'05, SM'06; Gerald W.Kirn, AM'l4, an educator in CouncilBluffs, Iowa, died in Mountain View,California; T. Cole Cawthorne, X'17;Elmer Kennedy, PhB'19.1920-1929Ernest B. Harper, DB'20, PhD'22; MaeMyers Yaker, PhB'20; Walter MartinBehn, sb'21, md'23; Verne JohnSchlegel, LLB'22; Edna Lake Gainer,SB'24; Henry T. Ricketts, SB'24; MichaelGreenbaum, phB'24.Lyman Ray Hiatt, AM'25; ThomasLeroy McMeekin, PhD'25, a formerprofessor of biochemistry at EmoryUniversity, died November 11 in Co-lumbia, South Carolina; John ThéodoreGeiger, x'27; Harold E. Strauss, x'27;Orlando H. Johnson, AM'29; John LouisRackow, PhB'29.1930-1939Frances Sabina Hutchinson, SM'30;Albert Joseph Bonady, AB'35; EthelynAnn Handran, AM'35; Richard A. Flor-sheim, x'36, an internationally-knownChicago painter, lithographer, andsculptor, died last November in Northwestern Mémorial Hospital; EleanorJeanne Flynn, PhD'36; Joseph CrookerSibley, Jr., ab'36, JD'36; Eleanor J.Flynn, PhD'36; Arthur Sullivan Gale,SM'38; Anna L. Salzman, PhB'38.1940-1949William M. Burhans, x'46; WilliamFrench, Jr., SB'47, died at his home inBrandon, Florida following a short ill-ness; Edwin H. Mookini, SB'47, SM'48,University of Hawaii Chancellor forCommunity Collèges, was stricken anddied in his Kailua home last Decemberafter returning from jogging and com-plaining ofchest pains; Irma Pirri,AM'47.1950-1959Willard J. Congreve, PhD'57, superin-tendent of the Hammond, Indiana,school System, died last November in St.Catherine Hospital, East Chicago.1960-1973David L. Reneker, MBA'73, son ofRobert W. Reneker, chairman of theboard of trustées of the University ofChicago, died in an automobile accidentin Boulder, Colorado. Mr. Reneker wasbranch manager and vice président,marketing, at the Boulder office ofPaine, Webber, Jackson & Curtis, brokers.49A Toast to TannlerThe Albert Tannler article, "A PerilousJourney to Hyde Park" (Autumn 1979),was excellent. It is my opinion that themost outstanding feature of the University of Chicago is its physical plant. Inclusion of thèse buildings on the National Register is an important step inrecognizing the campus's architecturalquality. Hopefully, the University Administration will take the necessary stepsto acquire matching funds through theHistorié Préservation Grant-in-Aid Program for restoration projects within theHistorié District.John A. Fatherley, MAT'66Bradford, VermontCourt Théâtre NostalgiaThe article on the first twenty-five yearsof the Court Théâtre swamped me in awave of nostalgia. I am particularly gladto see that Marvin Phillips is finally get-ting the crédit he deserves for foundingthe Court Théâtre. At the time theCourt Théâtre was founded I wasstudying for my Ph.D. in the EnglishDepartment and spending what littlespare time I had acting with the University Théâtre. It was, in fact, to me thatMarv Phillips blurted his remark abouthaving to hâve a théâtre in the ReynoldsClub courtyard, and I did my level bestto dissuade him. Marv was a better persuader than I was a dissuader, and Iended up playing the lead in two of thatsummer's Molière productions and tak-ing over the second lead in the other oneon a day's notice. The following year Iplayed the Prologue in The TrojanWomen and Malvolio in Twelfth Nightand the year after that the leading rôle in The Alchemist. Interestingly, I repeatedthe leading rôle in The Doctor in Spite ofHimself exactly twenty years later at thisuniversity.A few corrections: The Forced Mar-riage was not rained out; it was Dr.Faustus that opened to four consécutivenights of rain. The only black in TheTrojan Women was Gloria Foster, whoplayed Hecuba and was one of the twoor three best adresses I hâve ever seen.In a later season she played Jocasta inOedipus. The picture of Jinx Hallidaywas marvellous to see, but I suspect thatthe story of her proposed lecture isapocryphal.George E. Wellwarth, PhD' 57Binghamton, New YorkThe Rich and PowerfulFor many years I hâve looked for a goodexplanation of my reason for being soreluctant to give money to the University. Bernard M. Loomer in his "AnAtomic Energy Proposai" (Autumn1979) has now given a clear statementof my thinking.It is simply that the University is andhas been run by a bunch of stuffed shirtsinterested only in furthering their ownselfish interests.In 1937 I came out of the hills of WestVirginia to attend what appeared to bethe best educational institution in theworld: The University of Chicago led byRobert Hutchins.For the next three years I found a fewgreat teachers with some stimulatingideas, such as eliminating professionalsports from the University. However,over the years it seems to me that forevery great person like Hutchins to arise from Chicago there hâve been at leastten like the despicable Milton Friedman.In other words, the University has beenstrong in supporting the excesses of oursociety but cares very little for peace andjustice.Mr. Loomer's account of the reactionsof the deans of the University to hisproposai tells the story for me. The littlemoney I can give to the University programs would be nothing compared tothat given by the rich and powerful towhom the deans will listen.Thanks for listening. At least you hadthe guts to print Mr. Loomer's story.William M. Wilkerson, AB'40Florida City, FloridaTo Our AttentionI wish to call your attention to an errormade in the Class Notes section, p. 49,of the current issue oîThe University ofChicago Magazine. In reporting the factthat I received an honorary degree atThe University of Michigan on August19, the statement is made that I am thefirst black person to earn a doctorate inLibrary Service.I find this error very embarassing as Iam not the first black person to earn thedoctorate in Library Service. The firstblack person to earn this degree wasMrs. Eliza Atkins Gleason who earnedthis degree at The University of Chicagoin 1940.Virginia Lacy Jones, PhD' 45Atlanta, GeorgiaFrom the Editor: We stand corrected.Our sincère apologies to you and to Mrs.Eliza Atkins Gleason. In regards to ClassNotes, information is gathered fromPersonal letters from alumni or friends,press releases, and, infrequently, fromnewspaper articles. Occasionally, information from press releases or newspaper articles may not be entirely accu-rate. We try to follow up on such information. However, the best means tohâve accurate information is for you tosend us a note about yourself. Ail personal letters hâve priority in Class notes.Usually, by the time you receive an issueof the Magazine, the Class Notes hâvebeen written for the next issue. Thismeans that a letter you may hâve sent inmight not appear in the very next issue.Please be patient. We do print ail personal letters.CorrectionDavid Schramm was incorrectly titled asan associate professor in the Autumnissue of the Magazine. He is a full professor.50Musings from Alumni House. . .I hâve two important items to share withyou this time, both of which will hâvesignificant impact on the University ofChicago's alumni affairs program.The first item is the appointment ofthe new editor of The University ofChicago Magazine. Felicia AntonelliHolton was appointed the new editor byHanna H. Gray, Président of the University, in mid-January, 1980. Mrs. Graycommented: "We want to hâve, quitesimply, the best publication of its kind.We are fortunate to be able to appointMrs. Holton as editor. When she waseditor more than twenty years ago shedid in fact produce the best alumni magazine in the country. It is good to hâveher back."Mrs. Gray referred to the fact thatMrs. Holton was editor of The University of Chicago Magazine from 1954 to1957. At that time the magazine received the prestigious Robert SibleyAward from the American AlumniCouncil as the best alumni magazine inthe nation. During the same period Mrs.Holton was editor of the magazine, shealso produced Tower Topics, a pocket-sized magazine about alumni and alumniactivity published six times a year.Mrs. Holton has had extensive expérience as a freelance writer, producingpublications for several collèges anduniversities and for professional andeducational associations. She has published in many national magazines andnewspapers and co-authored a book in1979 with Smart Struever of Northwestern University, Koster: Americansin Search of their Prehistoric Past. In herbusy journalistic life, Mrs. Holton hasalso worked as a reporter for both TheWall Street Journal and The San FranciscoChronicle.Mrs. Holton is an alumna of the University, AB'50, and has edited otherUniversity of Chicago publications,among them, Midway Magazine, University of Chicago Reports and Context.She is as informed and arficulate aboutthe University of Chicago as she is expe-rienced as a journalist and writer. Shebegan work in late January and hasalready planned several new features forher magazine, among which are profilesof alumni around the country. She plansto do some travelling to various alumnicommunities and to talk with the interview alumni in thèse communities. Shehas also promised a new look for themagazine, an aspect of the magazine thatmany alumni hâve been concernedabout. Mrs. Holton will work veryclosely with Président Gray and VicePrésident Jonathan Fanton so we can be assured that the magazine will carry important and timely news — perhaps evena "scoop" or two — about the University.Ail of us in Alumni Affairs heartilywelcome Felicia Holton and wish herthe best of every possible success withher "new" magazine. We look forwardto her first issue in late Spring, 1980,and thereafter to a new and refreshingperiod in The University of Chicago Mag-azine's long and honorable history.After some unforeseen delays andcomplications, The Office of UniversityAlumni Affairs and the Alumni Association will now move to the Frank LloydWright Robie House in mid-March,1980. Painters and plasterers, electri-cians and téléphone people are alreadyat work in the house (with the understanding and coopération of the currentoccupants, the staff of the Office of University Development) and their workshould be completed by the beginningof March. Alumni House is ready for itsnew occupants, the Office of UniversityDevelopment staff, after some paintingon the third floor and some touch-up onthe second floor. Some of the Development staff will move to the sixth floor ofthe administration building but themajority will be coming to AlumniHouse.The prospect of caring for working inone of the most significant pièces ofAmerican architecture ever built is ex-citing and humbling at the same time,but we will miss Alumni House. Manyof you know the house well and knowhow it has served the University and thealumni communities so tastefully andwarmly. Ruth Halloran especially haslavished much love and attention on thehouse; in fact, if one could personify thehouse, one would call it affectionate andsupportive. It will be very hard for ail ofus to leave its tranquility and silentnourishment.Yet Robie House excites us becausewe ail see it as a house that suits thealumni community; that has more publicspace and a large and functional kitchen;and that has a différent kind of éléganceand sophistication. Our intent is to makeRobie House the alumni center of theUniversity and to make its publicspace — the entire second level —available to alumni for meetings and social gatherings. In my last "Musings . . ."I wrote that Frank Lloyd Wright care-fully and sensitively designed RobieHouse to meet what he perceived to bethe needs and wishes of the Robie family. We, who are trying to be the "ar-chitects" of a "new" University alumniaffairs program, view Robie House inmuch the same way. We want it to serve the needs of the alumni community andwe realize that it can, in a way thatAlumni House can not. In a word, wewant Robie House to become yourhome as much as it will become ouroffices and work area.As part of our move, we hope to présent a séries of lectures on Frank LloydWright beginning with a lecture byEdgar Tafel, the author of Apprentice toGenius: Years with Frank Lloyd Wright.Shortly after our move, we will hang aphotography show in the Robie Houseliving room, by University Photographier, Michael Shields. This exhibitionwill hang for perhaps two or threemonths and will reflect the contrast between Robie House and the architectureof the University. As we confirm eventsand schedule more, we will let youknow.As a matter of nuts and bolts, let metell you the new address:Robie House5757 S. WoodlawnChicago, Illinois 60637Ail phone numbers will remain thesame.So to our old friend, Alumni House,long and sad good-byes. And welcomeFrank Lloyd Wright and the genius ofRobie House.And welcome ail of you to your newhome.Until next time. . . .Peter Kountz, am'69, PhD'76Executive DirectorUniversity Alumni AffairsCréditsPhotographs in this issue are the cour-tesy of the Office of Public Information,the Department of Spécial Collections(Joseph Regenstein Library), The Maroon, and Linda Mindel (page 37).51The Alumni Association of the University of Chicagoinvites you toCome Back in the Springtime May 16th and 17th toTake a New Look at Your Universityand at Your Old FriendsWe are creating aNew Look for Réunion *80and Keeping the Best of the TraditionWe want to make this Reunion anAU- Alumni Eventand so we are planning . . .? To group classes for ERA DINNERSand keep the EMERITUS CLUB REUNION and the50TH REUNION.* To présent spécial programs which reflect the atmosphère and the eventsof each ERAand keep good old traditional events like INTERFRATERNITYSING, PLAYS, MUSIC, & LOTS OF FUN.* To resurrect the mood ofyour good old daysand introduce THE CAMPUS OF THE '80s.AVE THE DATESFriday, May 16Opening Up CampusToursOpen HousesEra Dinners50th Reunion^Emeritus Club.Reunion , Saturday, May 17Opening Up CampusTours IOpen Houses |Awards Luncheon /President's RéceptionEra Dinners sInterfraternity Sing J?¦' Lntertainment to follow^1The AraMny^^MSiCiationinvites ail Alumni and FriendsThe Windermere Hôtel1980 REUNION HOUSING RESERVATION FORMPlease reserve single ($28) double ($33) rooms.Arrivai Date Departure Date Name Address City/State/Zip Téléphone (day) _(evening) .Please return this form no later than 1 May 1980 to: The WindermereHôtel, 1642 E. 56th Street, Chicago, IL 60637. The New Hyde Park Hilton1980 REUNION HOUSING RESERVATIONPlease reserve single ($37) double ($47) rooms.Arrivai Date Departure Date Name_ Address __City/State/Zip Téléphone (day) .(evening) .Please return this form no later than 1 May 1980 to: The New HydePark Hilton, 4900 S. Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, IL 60615.For more information about Reunion '80 events, return coupon to:Program Secretary, Alumni Association, 5733 S. University Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637.? Please send me more information about Reunion '80 events.NameDegree/Year.Address _School/Division .City/State/Zip.Téléphone (day)_D New address. _(evening)_Munich - Salzburg - Vienna - Prague - Dresden - Bamberg - WùrzburgBaroque Cities of Central EuropeA tour organized and conducted by the David and Alfred Smart Galleryof The University of ChicagoLeaving Chicago Thursday, June 12, 1980Returning from Frankfurt Monday, June 30, 1980This seventeen-day tour will concentrate on the artistic monuments and masterpieces ofthe Baroque period, the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries in Germany, Austria,and Bohemia (Western Czechoslovakia) , especially as seen in major cities and artisticcenters. It will be conducted by Edward A. Maser, Professot of Art and Director of theDavid and Alfred Smart Gallery of the University of Chicago. Intemationally knownfor his work on German and Austrian art of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries,he has published extensively in the field and has organized and participated inexhibitions of German and Austrian art both hère and abroad. Prof. Maser has studiedin Germany and Austria and has resided there for many years. He speaks Germanfluently and Czech passably (his mother is Czech). His wife, who also speaks German,will accompany the tour as well. In 1974 he was awarded the Cross of Honor forScience and Art, first class, by the government of the Republic of Austria, for his workon Austrian Baroque art. Prof. Maser will provide historical, artistic, and culturalbackground material on the cities and works of art and architecture seen on the tour.This tour will not only inttoduce participants to masterpieces of Baroque and Rococoart which they are unlikely to see on the usual tourist routes, but also petmits them tosupport the youngest of the important art muséums in Chicago, the David and AlfredSmart Gallery of The University of Chicago, through their tax déductible contributionof $250 which is included in the price of the tour.Tour accommodations will be in first-class hôtels with breakfast and some mealsincluded. Travel will be by air-conditioned bus. The cost of the tour is $2,500 perperson sharing, $225 single supplément.For fu»her information and a detailed itinerary please contact Georgina Gronner,Executif Travel, Inc., (312) 527-3550 or the David and Alfred Smart Gallery,5550 Solth Greenwood Avenue, Chicago, Illinois (312) 753-2121.Munich! Salzburg - Vienna - Prague - Dresden - Bamberg - Wùrzburg