ITHE UNIVERSITY OF(H KAQO MA^AZI N EI!Si1050 *iU'5(J!N O V E M B Jow SCIENCE MakesGood Eggs BetterVITAMIN D potency increased tenfold,taste improved, shell strong and perfect. Superior eggs — and more of them —because the poultry raiser has systematicallytreated his flock with ultraviolet light.More and better milk, healthier cows, alower bacteria count — also the result ofultraviolet treatment. These are benefitswhich are passed on to you in the form ofbetter-quality food products.Superior vegetables for your table — earlier,sturdier plants are produced by electricsterilization and heating of the soil. Incandescent lighting stimulates and controls plant growth. X-ray treatment of seeds andbulbs is producing new and improved varieties of plants. These and other new movements in agriculture are increasing thecertainty of a high-quality food supply.In these movements General Electric is cooperating with many agricultural laboratories and farm experts. Some of thesedevelopments would have been impracticablewithout earlier G-E research, for from theResearch Laboratory, in Schenectady, camethe necessary tools for investigation andapplication of its results.In every field of productive endeavor, G-E research is contributing tothe progress toward higher standards oj living 96-293DHGENERAL 11 ELECTRICTHE UNIVERSITY OFCHICAGO MAGAZINEPUBLISHED BY THE ALUMNICharlton T. Beck, '04Editor and Business Manager COUNCILFred B. Millett, PhD '31; John P. Howe, '27; William V. Morgenstern, ''20, JD '22Contributing EditorsMilton E. Robinson, Jr., 11, JD '13; Louise Norton Swain, '09, AM '16; John J. McDonough, '28Council Committee on PublicationsFRONTING the Midway standscomparatively new Wieboldt Halland sheer-faced Harper Library withits familiar low towers and cupolaspires. On the cover we present aview of this Midway frontage asglimpsed on an early fall stroll along59th Street.As you turn the page, Cobb Hall,a doorway study by Clay Kelly, isseen. This is the first of such drawings by this artist which will appearin the Magazine. Mr. Kelly is agraduate of the Kentucky College ofMusic and Art. He has, in addition,attended the National Academy ofDesign and has studied in Italy.Elsewhere will be found details forobtaining larger prints, framed or un-framed, of this and successive drawings by him.We are especially fortunate inbringing to our readers the addressof Doctor Charles H. Judd as presented at the August Convocation. Tothousands of Chicago alumni DoctorJudd has proved a stimulating teacherand an inspiring leader. They welcome the opportunity of getting hisopinion upon the trends of educationin a changing world.Emmet Bay, the new associatedean of the Biological Sciences Division in charge of Rush Medical College, does his best to answer the question which has shrouded the Univer-ity's West Side Institution for a number of years, "What is going to happen to Rush?" His article shedslight on the things in store now that N THIS ISSUEthe Board of Trustees has brandedthe South and West Side Schools asundergraduate ' and , graduate respectively. --• fIn his usual "modest," topicalmanner Howard Mort relates a bit ofhis summer barnstorming trip toparts East and North. If he took thejaunt in order to recuperate from theReynolds' Club — Tower Topic s —Mitchell Tower grind, he failed miserably — providing the few TrivialTravel Tales which he relates are anyindication of University connectionsholding * forth in the towns and hamlets en route.From his first hand experiencesabroad last spring, Fred B. MillettTABLE OF CONTENTSNovember, 1936This Era of Uncertainty in Education, Charles H. Judd. . . 3The First Hundred Years Are theHardest, Emmet B. Bay 9Trivial Travel Tales, Howard W.Mort 11In My Opinion 13Chicago Alumni in the CurrentMagazines 15News of the Quadrangles 16The Campus Dissenter, Sam Hair.. 23News of the Month in Pictures 24Athletics 26Winds Over the Campus, A Review,Carl Grabo 30Puerto Rico Alumni 31News of the Classes 32 in his monthly contribution contraststhe American shore to Merry England's in matters of climate, food,state of servitude, and what-not. Atleast he likes their breakfasts!Chucked full with happeningshereabouts since summer is WilliamV. Morgenstern's News oj the Quad- irangles. If you are interested in theFACTS concerning the new studentcrop, new faculty additions, and oldfaculty accomplishments, don't missit. It's longer than usual, but it deserves to be, as it describes the developments of a full three" months.•Sam Hair takes time off again todepict popularly ("give the low downon" in typical undergraduate, jargon)the student angle as he sees it. '1 This rstill remains our directory of thelatest goings on in the student strataof University Society.•John Howe continues at his bestin giving the true "dope" on the gridiron activity at Stagg Field, season1936, and adds a bit of speculationas to the future of athletics at theUniversity.Something different is our pictur-ization of This Month on Campus.Newsy captions to match candidcamera shots make up the two-pagespread in the center of this issue.Upon the request of the author,Carl Grabo reviews James WeberLinn's Winds Over the Campus, amodern-times sequel to This WasLife.Published by the Alumni Council of the University of Chicago, monthly, from November to July. Office of Publication, 403 Gobb Hall, 58th St. atEllis Avenue, Chicago. Annual subscription price $2.00. Single copies 25 cents. Entered as second class matter December 1, 1934, at the Post Officeat Chicago, Illinois, "under the act of March 3, 1879. The Graduate Group, Inc., 30 Rockefeller Plaza, New York City, is the official advertising agencyof the University of Chicago Magazine. « * '-n /-**'» r--iV-c^'KeMy. Drawing by Clay KellyITS STEPS ARE WORNBY STEADY TREAD OF STUDENT FEETCobb Hall— The University of 1892— Is But Oneof Four Score Grey, Gothic Buildings in 1936THE UNIVERSITY OFVOLUME XXIX Number ICHICAGO MAGAZINENOVEMBER, 1936THIS ERA OF UNCERTAINTYIn Education•By CHARLES H. JUDD, Head of the Department of EducationCONCRETE, easily observable occurrences in thelife of a nation often secure attention to a degree altogether out of keeping with their importance. A filibuster in Congress, the death of a rulerand the attempted assassination of a monarch are recorded as significant happenings, while important debates on fundamental national issues and the play ofsubtle, silent psychological forces which prepare the wayfor revolution or contribute to the conservative perpetuation of established institutions escape entirely thepopular eye and ear.Fortunately, the discriminating writers of history areturning away from the obvious and the superficial andare seeking to discover the springs of human action bystudying attitudes of mind and trends of thought. InThe Epic of America, for example, James TruslowAdams explains American democracy by tracing it backto the habits of self-denying industry cultivated by theearly New Englanders in meeting the severe conditionsunder which they lived. He also points out that latergenerations of men were changed in their ideals andconsequently in their social and political aspirations andchoices by the experiences of frontier life.It is appropriate on an occasion such as this to take asthe subject of discussion certain present-day controversies in the world of intellect which are often overlooked but are fraught with possible consequences ofthe greatest significance for the modern world. Thesecontroversies are being waged by opposing groups holding widely differing views with respect to the functionsand methods of education. In their external manifestations educational conflicts are far less spectacular thanare struggles for political power or economic gain. Manypeople think of controversies in education as mere scholastic debates. The distractions which arise from current events make it very difficult to induce people ingeneral to consider seriously and profoundly the disagreements which divide the educational world with respect to the curriculum, methods of teaching and the administrative conduct of the educational system. YetAddress delivered at the 0»ne Hundred and Eighty-fifth Convocationot the University of Chicago on August 28, 1936. there can be no doubt that national life and national behavior will be influenced fundamentally and permanently by the wisdom or the lack of wisdom exhibitedby the older generation in its cultivation of attitudes inthe young people who are being equipped in educationalinstitutions for the responsibilities of later personal lifeand citizenship.In some of the countries of Europe uncertainties andobscurities with regard to education have been sweptaside by authoritative governmental action. In no country is this more emphatically true than in Germany.German universities were a short generation ago thehomes of the most advanced and the most abstract research in pure science. It was in Germany that the battle for freedom to teach and for freedom to learn wasfirst fiercely waged and apparently won. The presentruling powers of Germany have commanded the universities and the lower schools in the most drastic edictsto turn their energies away from abstractions to thepractical services of the state and to devote themselvesto indoctrinating all whom they can influence in a theoryregarding national life formulated and promulgated bythe civil administration. Intellectual leaders are intimidated. They see their colleagues dismissed forpronouncements which are contrary to governmental orders. Even in the earliest stages of their schooling children are told that the members of the early Germanictribes were not crude barbarians, that history has beenfalse in its reports of what happened among the warlikehordes of the North and that the accidental superiorityof -the nations of southern Europe in the literary arts isthe explanation of the widespread misunderstanding ofthe characteristics of the early Teutons.Something of the same kind of intellectual regimentingthat is being practiced in Germany has appeared in Italy.The school histories have been rewritten, and everypossible device has been adopted to inculcate the viewsof life appropriate to a militaristic and totalitarian state.In Russia the leaders of the revolution broke as completely as possible with the educational traditions of thepast, reconstructing the subjects taught in the schoolsand adopting new methods of instruction and discipline34 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEbecause they recognized more clearly than was everrecognized before that a revolution to be successful mustchange people's minds and hearts as well as the externalsof governmental organization. Today the break withtradition is less marked, but there is authoritative control of education guided by a clear understanding of theimportance of securing unity of national purpose throughconcentration of all minds on definite goals of economicand social achievement.In the United States there is no such dictation ofeducational policies by central governmental authority asthere is in the three European countries to which reference has been made. On this side of the Atlantic thereis unlimited local freedom in the formulation of policies of instruction and of school administration. Forfreedom to experiment in education we ought to be devoutly thankful. The American spirit is opposed to thekind of domination of people's thinking now being attempted by Old World dictators. While we can andshould rejoice in the absence in this country of hampering edicts issued by those who are bent on usingthe schools for purposes of social and political control,we ought to be aware of the dangers which beset freedom. We ought to face frankly the fact that we havebeen so occupied with the development of our materialresources that uncertainties with regard to what education should be and do have been allowed to accumulateuntil now there is an imminent possibility that theseuncertainties will lead to social disintegration.One of the most acute problems of education on whichthere is lack of agreement among the people of theUnited States relates to the range of the opportunitieswhich are to be provided for the young people of thiscountry. Ten years ago there was no such dispute aboutaccess to educational privileges as there is today. Inthe days of abundant financial resources it was commonly assumed that the United States had definitely andfinally arrived at the conclusion that every young person who wants to do so has a right to go to a free highschool and that admission to college is open to all whoare even moderately competent. The idea that educationabove the elementary level ; should become universalwas discussed and accepted not only in meetings ofteachers but also in meetings of lay groups, such as labororganizations and granges. Communities built withouthesitation high-school buildings that rivaled the countycourthouses on which earlier generations feasted theirlocal pride. Endowments and legislative appropriationswere showered on institutions of higher education. Thencame the autumn of 1929. It is altogether astonishingto find the number of people now coming forward andasserting that they have long had grave doubts aboutthe quality of education above the elementary gradesand about the desirability of providing such educationfor all comers. Views which were in hiding ten yearsago are displayed with something approaching ostentation.The critics of high schools and colleges sometimes express their objections to these institutions in indirectways. They say that the country is in need of highlytrained leaders carefully selected and specially groomed for the race of life. They take the position that to mixprospective leaders with the common herd is to defeatthe purposes of education. The standards of the higherschools, they say, are deplorably low because of suchmixture. They even go so far as to say that thesestandards are steadily deteriorating.Other critics talk less about leadership and moreabout the objectionable characteristics of the higherschools. They assert that high schools and colleges areexcessively costly and not correspondingly productive,that they teach subjects unsuited to modern life, and thatthey are allowing the young people who attend themto drift into habits of sloth and snobbishness. In support of these contentions, they point out that crime ison the increase, that social maladjustments are manyand glaring, and that popular respect for the finer aspects of civilization is far less than it should be.If one tries to meet such arguments by appealing toAmerican ideals of democracy or to the necessity ofsatisfying the demands of the public, one is very soonforced to the conclusion that assertion and counter assertion at the level of mere dispute are unconvincing.Compromises are sometimes suggested in the effort toallay acrimonious discussion. The proposal is made thatindolent or incompetent students be allowed to attendhigh schools and colleges but be denied the privilege ofgraduation, or it is suggested that there be two kinds ofgraduation, one for pass students based on little workand one for honor students attesting high-grade industryand achievement. Such compromises do not solve theproblem of the proper range of education. No compromise will remove from the minds of the Americanpeople the profound uncertainty which exists with regard to the desirability of universal education abovethe elementary level.A second educational problem concerning which thereis violent disagreement relates to vocational education.The value of such education as contrasted with the valueof traditional academic education is so much in disputethat animosities have been aroused to a degree that hasaffected national policy. In 1917 a vigorous group ofeducational reformers claiming to represent the manufacturers induced Congress to set up a special federalboard to promote vocational education. Harsh wordswere spoken by this group regarding the traditional curriculum and about those who administered it. Advocates of vocational courses pointed out that a large percentage of the young people of school age were not inschool because they were dissatisfied with what was thereoffered. The proposal was made that a dual educationalsystem be set up, one branch to prepare skilled laborersand the other to prepare those who were to enter theprofessions. Since 1917 elaborate experiments in vocational education have been tried. The results of theseexperiments have been reported by one group of educators as demonstrating the necessity of increased attention in the schools to the cultivation of manual skills.The results of the same experiments have been cited byanother group as showing conclusively the importanceof general education and the futility of any effort on thepart of the schools to prepare young people in theTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 5present period of rapidly changing industry and commerce for specific types of occupational activity. Heatedarguments and discordant committee pronouncementshave resulted from the uncertainty as to the outcomesof vocational education. The public has been growingmore and more confused. Suspicion has gained groundthat no one knows exactly what ought to be done to prepare young people for later life.A third educational problem on which there is littleor no agreement concerns the organization of instructional materials and the presentation of these materialsto learners. The radical changes in the character ofAmerican life which came in 1870 and the years following as a result of what the historians sometimes callthe "second industrial revolution" and the subsequentreforms in education which were inaugurated in thedecade following 1890 by such thinkers and educationaladministrators as John Dewey, Francis W. Parker,Charles W. Eliot, William Rainey Harper, G. StanleyHall and the Herbartians led to what may properly becalled a genuine upheaval in American education. Socompletely has confidence in traditional practices disappeared that anyone with a strong voice seems to beable to secure a hearing and attract followers for almostany kind of educational doctrine.A new but by no means universally accepted viewwith regard to methods of teaching may be selected fordiscussion as typical of the many which are being advanced at the present time. The so-called "activity program" has been vigorously advocated of late as a substitute for the traditional program of teaching in thelower schools. The science of psychology has recognized ever since William James wrote his monumentalvolumes that the reactions of human beings are quite asimportant in explaining mental life as are the impressions which the outer world offers to the senses. Theemphasis given in psychology to reactions has been interpreted by some educators as justification for acceptance of the theory that the major duty of the school isto keep children engaged in various forms of overt activity rather than in contemplative study. In its extreme form this theory goes so far as to hold that whatchildren do should be determined by their own impulsesor interests, not by any impositions from without. Theextremists among the advocates of the activity programscorn the traditional school subjects. They stigmatizethese subjects as artificial and formal, as stifling to initiative and destructive of personality.Here again counter arguments and proposals of compromise are not effective in allaying disagreements. Indeed, there is a marked tendency for the warring partiesto organize separate domains sharply marked off bybarbed-wire entanglements of vilifying epithets.There are disputes and uncertainties with regard toeducational problems other than those which have beenreferred to in the foregoing paragraphs. One disastrousresult of the situation is that many of the most highlytrained minds have shown a steadily increasing disposition to withdraw from the consideration of the problems of education. The aloofness of those who mightcontribute to the removal of uncertainties is accentuated as a result of the trend of modern scholarship to- Judd UrgesEducation to keep pace with changingorderward extremespecialization.The physicistand the studentof comparativephilology, finding that research in theirspecial f i e 1 dsissues in conclusions whichcan be regarded as altogether certain,are reluctant toengage in dis-t r acting disputes abouteducational experiments andsocial adjustments. Theacademic mindhas alwaysbeen disposedto seek quietand seclusion, where thinking can go forward withoutdisturbance. I recall an occasion when I was engaged inurging on one of my colleagues the importance of inducing members of university faculties to devote some oftheir time and energy to the consideration of crucialproblems of education. I pointed out a fact which I feltsure ought to attract the attention of my colleague. I saidthat the subject which is his specialty is gradually beingpushed out of the high school because it is badly organized for purposes of teaching. I said that the maintenanceof a high grade of work in the university in this particularsubject requires, according to my view, a better treatment of its elements in the lower schools. I made aplea for cooperation between specialists in the universityand teachers in the lower schools in bringing about desirable changes in materials and methods of instructionwhich the teachers cannot effect without assistance. DidI make an impression on my erudite colleague? I didnot. He frankly said that his interest and the interests of the members of his department were whollyabsorbed in the remote and strictly theoretical aspectsof his subject.It is undoubtedly true that concentration on specialties has contributed enormously to the intellectuallife of our times. I have no quarrel with enlightenedspecialization. My duty here and now is to point outthat, while specialists delve into the depths of the eternalmysteries which they are attempting to solve, society isnot securing the cooperation of many of the ablest mindsin solving some of its most fundamental problems.It is my firm belief that confusion in the world ofmind is the real cause of the present chaos in the worldof concrete happenings. Life has grown so complex andits instruments have become so abstract that human capacities are overtaxed. The result is bewilderment anda type of ineffective action not unlike that which appears6 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEwhen men are lost in the forest and circle round andround looking vainly for the way out.Let us consider briefly an illustration entirely outsidethe field of education which will serve to make clear thefact that the increasing complexity and abstractness resulting from social evolution give rise to dangers whichthreaten to destroy the gains this evolution has achieved.There was a time when industry was simple. Each taskto which men devoted their energies could be seen andunderstood as a concrete unit of work. Then came exchange, division of labor, large-scale production and thebeginnings of an era of plenty. The consequence ofthese developments was the growth of a system whichextends in its interdependencies far beyond the ken ofthe individual. In order to attain the highest successunder present-day conditions, men must cultivate formsof insight and a range of understanding which are impossible of acquisition through mere personal observation and direct individual contact. Knowledge of anindirect, abstract type is essential to self-guidance. Menwho are trained only in the simpler ways of thinking areeasy victims of misleading influences. Being half awareof their deficiencies, they are afr.aid and confused. Manyare idle today because they do not know where to turnin order to make their energies productive.The cure for industrial chaos is intelligent adaptationof individuals to the conditions which surround them.Such adaptation is possible only when education hasprepared individuals to solve problems through the exercise of analysis and reason. The time has passed whenmen can safely depend on their blind instincts and theiruntrained impulses. The complexity of modern industry must somehow be resolved for both employers andemployees through clear understanding of social relations and social equities. If there was ever a time when/ education ought to be in a position to help individualsto cope with the problems of life, it is the present, whenindividuals need to be guided in their attitudes and behavior by ideas far broader than those which wereadequate when life was chiefly concerned with the manipulation of the visible and tangible objects of the immediate environment. We find at this moment wheneducation is most needed so much disagreement and uncertainty about every phase of teaching and of schooland college administration that the situation seemsalmost hopeless. Education is at war with itself and isonly serving in a very partial way to rescue industry andsociety in general from the difficulties which threatencivilization.It is not enough during this period of transition fromdirect modes of life to indirect that men learn new factsof the same concrete type that served adequately asguides in earlier stages of civilization. It is not enoughthat there be added to knowledge gained through observation of things in the immediate environment knowledge regarding things which are remote. The significance of many of the most commonplace facts of lifehas undergone fundamental change because of the newsetting of these facts.A striking illustration of the truth of what has beensaid appears in the evolution of communication. An- No LongerShould students graduate as mere specialiststhropology long ago discovered that the compass ofgroup life is determined by the range of easy communication. As new means of ready communication are perfected, social units increase in size and complexity. Itis possible, for example, for the United States to maintain a unified civilization spread across a broad continent because the people of this country speak a commonlanguage and because invention has supplied means ofinstant communication between the different parts of thevast territory. A highly evolved language capable ofexpressing all kinds of ideas and elaborate mechanicalmeans of communication are bonds which make possible great expansion of group life. Is it to be inferredthat the evolutionary process which has enlarged andunified national organization will shortly result in afederation of the nations of the world? The answer tothis question is obvious. Social evolution by its veryprogress has created a situation so complex that communication has a new effect. Diplomacy is today distinctly unfavorable to federation. In the chancelleriesof every civilized nation there is immediate informationregarding every move that is made by other nations.Facility of communication, which is an essential condition for internal solidarity of a social group, has nowbecome a means of crystallizing national solidarity andof strengthening the resistance of each nation againstabsorption into a single, inclusive federation. If oneknows what one's rivals are about to do, one can erectdefenses with a view to maintaining isolation. Beforethe federation of the nations of the world is possible newpatterns of thought and behavior must be cultivated.Evolution is always in jeopardy of defeating itself byproducing forms of life or types of institutions whichare so highly perfected in one respect that they losetheir balance and go to destruction because of their veryperfection. The only hope for international unity is theeducation of the peoples of the world in the ways of cooperative living. In order that men may act internationally they must think internationally. So long asTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 7education is nationalistic and defensive any increase infacility of communication will be harmful rather thanbeneficial.What has been said up to this point leads to the highlysignificant conclusion that human life has reached in ourday a crucial stage in its evolution. Social psychologyteaches that at such a stage confusion and turmoil invariably appear because old adjustments have becomeobsolete and new adjustments have not reached sufficient maturity to be effective. In order that society mayextricate itself from trying situations like the present,social invention and courageous initiative are demanded.Above all, men must cultivate a comprehensive intellectual grasp of all the elements which enter into the socialcomplex and must develop the power of constructivethinking, which is the highest expression of human intelligence.I am optimistic enough to believe that the next fewyears will see a clearing-up of many of the uncertaintiesin education. The indications are numerous that thosewho are aware of the problems are beginning to securea hearing and are able to initiate promising experimentsin education. For example, all educational institutionsare moving away from extreme specialization in teaching and in organization. Our own university has seenthe importance of organizing general courses which willsave the individual student from becoming a narrow-minded devotee of a single line of thinking. The disintegrating tendency to break up the institution into thosefragmentary and often accidental units known as "departments" has been in some measure checked by the assembling of departments into divisions. To be sure,there is by no means unanimous enthusiasm for this mildinvasion of departmental autonomy. Any synthesisattempted in a social system always encounters the opposition of established interests.Even more significant than the changes that have beenmade in courses and in administrative organization are,in my opinion, the vigorous discussions which are nowgoing on in our institution with regard to the processesof education. There was a time not long ago when inall American institutions of education students were required to sit at the feet of instructors and reverentlyrepeat what was told them. The incentives offered tostudents who were docile were certain letters known as"grades," exchangeable in the academic market for commodities known as "credits." When credits were collected in a sufficient number, they were accepted automatically as the basis for the award of a degree. TheUniversity of Chicago has not left behind all the trappings of the earlier period, but it has taken a long stepin the direction of recognizing that the true purpose ofeducation is the cultivation of intellectual independencein students. If the intellectual life of the future is tobe adequate to the demands of complex modern civilization, students must come into possession of the powerof formulating for themselves broad generalizations.Students must do something more than merely remember facts. After all, memory is one of the lower typesof mental activity. Individuals become truly educated when they learn how to use recorded knowledge for thepurpose of forming independent judgments.We of this university are discussing with an intensityof interest reminiscent of the early days when theuniversity was innovating in many lines problems whichdo not belong to the individual specialties of membersof the faculty but belong rather to education in thebroadest meaning of the word. We are asking whetherit is possible to induce more thinking on the part ofstudents by sending them to the library than by compelling them to attend lectures or to recite on rigidassignments. We are talking about the proper contribution of this and that type of research to the fullyrounded life of the intellect.Reforms similar to those which are being inaugurated here are being adopted at other institutions in theeffort to reconstruct the educational program. Leadersin social organization as well as those responsible forthe conduct of educational institutions are aroused tothe necessity of better care of young people. The federal government, made conscious of the need for somekind of protection and training of adolescent boys whohave left school and are not employed, has added a newunit to the educational system of the country in theCCC camps. These camps are in so early a stage ofdevelopment that they are open to many criticisms, butthey fill a need which society must recognize and mustin some fashion satisfy. While this novel form of careof youth is being experimented with in the effort tosupplement the traditional educational provisions foradolescents, the secondary schools and the colleges ofthe country are expanding their curriculums so as togive many different kinds of individuals the particulartypes of education which they need. A number of agencies other than the federal government and the schoolsand colleges are making intensive studies of the possibleand desirable methods of furnishing young people withopportunities for proper development. The AmericanYouth Commission of the American Council on Education and numerous organizations of young people areseeking to promote intelligent treatment of the youthof the nation. Especially significant is the fact that anew social science — the science of education — is rapidlyaccumulating a large body of fully verified conclusionswhich promise to give safe guidance to educational reforms. While the countries of Europe which were referred to earlier are attempting to remodel education byarbitrary governmental edicts, this country is undertaking to reconstruct education in the only way whichis appropriate in a democracy — by discovering throughresearch the scientific solution of educational problems.I can not believe that the future of American education will witness mere compromises between the discordant views which now prevail. Social adjustmentswhich are permanently effective depend on the discoveryof devices which do more than merely eliminate disagreements. The government which was set up in thiscountry after the Revolutionary War was not a compromise between different forms of monarchy. It wasan invention created by patriots who came together and(Continued on Page 29)THE FIRST HUNDRED YEARSAre the Hardest• By EMMET B. BAY, '20 MD'22THE most frequent question I have been asked inthe past three months has been "What is going tohappen to Rush?" This has been somewhat embarrassing. To confess repeatedly that I do not knowwould seem to offer particularly strong circumstantialevidence that I had been loafing on the job. But it wouldconstitute the assumption of an omniscience which Ifortunately do not feel for me to indicate that I knewin detail what the development of medical education inthe University with special reference to Rush is to be.Abler men than I have wrestled with this question forlonger periods of time and have only partially solved it.I have some thoughts about it which the editor of thismagazine says should be made available for your inspection. Blame him, not me, if the following seems premature and half-baked.A casual glance into the history of Rush shows thatit has weathered several critical periods which wouldseem in retrospect to represent greater difficulties thanare now present. To mention only a few there was thetrying time immediately after the Chicago Fire, later theschism in the faculty which resulted in the founding ofthe Chicago Medical School, and lastly, the uncertaintiesof the past few years incident to the depression and ourrelations with the University.The problems existing now, some of which willpresently be stated in general terms, would not seeminsurmountable in the face of those previous victories.All of these problems have a very direct bearing on theeducational work of the school, being concerned withits teaching or investigative functions or both.Rush Medical College has long enjoyed an excellentreputation for the training of practitioners. One simplefact seems to me to be placing that reputation in jeopardy. It is the presence of too many students. Thereare 159 seniors and 140 juniors registered at present.This results in overcrowding of our physical plant, lesspersonal attention to students and excessive teachingresponsibilities for our faculty. The second point is notevident in a lack of knowledge of the students on thepart of the faculty; it is shown merely by the excessivenumbers enrolled in certain courses which could bebetter given to limited numbers. It has meant muchextra work for the faculty to continue to do a good jobof teaching and this has not always been as satisfactoryas possible for their professional development.We have all known the reason for this overcrowdingin a general way but because of my work I am muchmore acutely aware of it than I was before. It simplyhas been necessary for financial reasons. One of ourimmediate goals is the reduction in the number of students and this can only be accomplished by improvingour financial situation. Parenthetically, another related fact which is receiving attention and which has an important bearing on oureducational activities is the condition of the CentralFree Dispensary, our affiliated out-patient department.During the depths of the depression the Dispensary clinical load nearly trebled and is still more than doublewhat it was eight years ago. The Dispensary authoritiesreacted promptly to the emergency and its communityresponsibilities were admirably carried out. To do thisteaching in certain departments suffered somewhat inspite of the fact that the increased number of patientsrepresented "excellent teaching material" because thephysical facilities and the time of the personnel workingin the Dispensary were limited. Furthermore the failure of the relief authorities to prevent constantly recurring crises made it impossible for the Dispensary to planintelligently. It seems to many of us that it is only fairto consider the teaching and investigative functions ofthe Dispensary now that the relief situation can no longerbe regarded as an unforeseen emergency.To return to the general subject of teaching, we areunder an obligation to carry out the spirit of the resolutions passed last March by the University's Board ofTrustees. These include a proposal to shift our emphasisfrom undergraduate to graduate teaching according tothe original plan. About this several things may besaid. First, as has been pointed out by Dr. Woodyattand others, we have always done a certain amount ofunorganized graduate teaching. Whether because ofthe depression, or of other factors, this informal highertraining has not been as great in amount in recent yearsas it formerly was. It will probably always remain animportant phase of our activities but I believe that morecan be accomplished by increasing the amount of formalgraduate work in medicine which we offer.Second, this shift in emphasis to graduate teachingcan be an additional stimulus to our faculty, already ofgreat repute as teachers. This stimulus may well taketwo forms : it can be more interesting and require moreintellectual activity to teach graduate students than undergraduates, and the importance of intellectual curiosityin medicine will be inevitably stressed. I shall refer tothe latter again in the discussion of our research activities. As I have said before we have a remarkable facultybut they have been hampered by excessive teachingduties and numbers of students. This same interest inteaching may well be transferred to the training ofsmaller groups of graduates who will be more demanding but not more so than our faculty can satisfy.The third item concerning graduate work is theprobable increase in demand for it on the basis of theproposed certification of specialists. If this regulationis adopted many places will undoubtedly attempt to8THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 9receive recognition as centers for such training. Again,because of our unusual faculty made up as it is of recognized leaders in various specialties who have demonstrated their capabilities as teachers, we would have aconsiderable advantage. Now there is some doubt amongleaders in medicine and others as to the direction thepractice of medicine should take. Some feel that thereis an excessive amount of specialization already. But Ithink no one can doubt that specialization by some practitioners is here to stay and it is my belief that it wouldbe in keeping with the Rush tradition to develop thebest possible way of training such specialists. Throughout their histories with minor exceptions Rush and theUniversity have been known as alert educational centerswhich have pioneered in various difficult educationalundertakings. I do not wish to seem too sentimentalwhen I say that it seems peculiarly appropriate to methat on the eve of her hundredth birthday Rush is aboutto demonstrate her amazing vitality by engaging in aprogram almost as exciting as her very founding.The fourth and last thought concerning graduatework on the West Side which I wish to submit is thequestion of what kind of a graduate school we shouldattempt to develop. There are three possibilities: theshort "brush-up" course, the longer course for specialists mentioned above, and, third, training like the latterplus the inclusion of additional original investigativework on the part of the student. All of these coursescan be valuable when properly done but our facilitiesare limited and it seems to me we should not weakenour chances of doing a good job by too much dispersionof our efforts. The first of these, the "brush-up" typeof postgraduate school offersless stimulus to the facultyand is not so obviously aproper function for Rush Medical College of the Universityof Chicago. It represents aservice responsibility whichother agencies may well carefor.The second type of school,the training of practitionersin the specialties, has more interesting connotations with respect to the development ofmedical education, and, as waspointed out previously, it issomething we could do supremely well with advantageto ourselves in the doing. Itseems to me that it could wellbe a part of our programwhether certification of specialists is made compulsory ornot.The third type of graduateschool is like the second plusthe informal training whichhas gone on for generations.It includes the idea of training not merely excellent practitioners but men with an interest in developingtheir chosen fields. As was said earlier, this informaltraining has apparently not been as productive in ourinstitution in recent years as was formerly the case. Oneimportant reason for this, in my opinion, is the factalready mentioned that our faculty has had teachingduties in the college, and clinical duties in the Dispensary which have been excessive and have prevented theirspending more time in investigative work. Some of ourfaculty have succeeded in surmounting this situation totheir own better development and the glory of the school.Some are doing so now under considerable difficulty.Another important reason for the relatively smallnumber adequately trained in this way is the economicsituation again. Under our scheme of things a youngman undergoing such training is pretty much on his own.At first he usually has time but little or no money. Later,when his practice has grown, and he has some moneywhich he would be willing to plough back into his owntraining he is pressed for time. It should be noted atthis point that the use of intricate technics of non-clinicalsciences so prevalent in clinical investigation todayusually requires a certain amount of continuous freetime, a thing difficult of accomplishment while engagedin practice. But it can be done.Also it requires some special training in those technics for its best consummation. That is where our proposed new formalization of this type of training shouldbe of benefit when coupled with a unified administrationwith the South Side. We should be able to get youngmen who will spend a certain fraction of their time inour graduate school in the laboratories of the non-clinicalUp From A Frame Lecture RoomFirst Rush Medical College Lecture Room Q843) First Rush Medical College Building Q844)( tif II M llltllli nitiinRush Medical College (1867) Ruins Of Rush College (Chicago Pirt, I87l)10 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEt 'mm™l;f«ili Lllli»xi\,.cii\ic\i.iJViOEA'iDEii;,y.s», \miym>,m IY- • Of CHICAGO'S*A\.W."*lAU.A-R»i ¦ ¦ APCHITSjCTO JRawson Laboratory HousesThree hundred junior and senior medical studentssciences. This time may be spent all at once on theSouth Side or concurrently with their further clinicaltraining in a specialty on the West Side. The accompanying problem of financing such a part of our graduateschool remains unsolved to date, but, like that connectedwith cutting down the undergraduate student body, itwould not seem impossible and the good which wouldaccrue from both is incalculable.The last of the major problems confronting Rushhas to do with its faculty's activities in investigativework. Part of this problem related to the younger faculty members has been considered. There remains theimportant question of the college's role in making possiblethe continuous development of its staff. This is a verycomplex problem in which the interests and responsibilities of affiliated and other institutions are interwoven.For instance, the Presbyterian, Cook County, MichaelReese and Washington Boulevard Hospital staff members on our faculty all enjoy certain requisites for clinical investigation by means of their associations withthose institutions. The same is true in a different sensefor the Central Free Dispensary staff. But all of theseplaces have primarily a responsibility for communitycare and only secondarily a responsibility for promotingthe development of clinical medicine as a science. Someof them have accepted this secondary responsibility asa sine qua non for the best performance of their primaryfunction. They recognize that they cannot obtain goodstaff members and hold them unless they provide facilities for study. And they recognize that the reputationof the institution is dependent upon the reputation .ofits men. But the question of where the hospital's responsibility ends and the college's begins is not even theoret ically capable of a simple solution. With our part timefaculty there is the added question of the individual'sresponsibility for providing his own facilities.I confess that I am not equipped with a magic wandwhich will permit the solution of this problem overnight.I think it important to point out that so far as I amaware the governing bodies of these other institutionsare all cognizant of the problem, have already giventangible evidence of that in varying degrees and in general may be relied on to do all that they can. As for thecollege, it too will aid as far as possible but we immediately run into that recurrent evil: money or its lack.One thing which we can do, however, is to break downwhatever administrating barriers there may be betweenthe South and the West Sides. This should prove especially valuable with respect to the non-clinical sciencedepartments. The fact of physical separation is a handicap but not an insurmountable one.Through all of this I have taken the liberty of thinking on paper. But be good enough to remember, if weare unable to put some of these thoughts into effect orlater change our plans, that they are necessarily tentativeat present.Future articles in this magazine will be written byprominent members of our faculty. I hope to persuadethem to divulge their plans for the development of theirown fields of medicine. I ask your indulgence to allowthem the same privilege I have assumed, namely to givevent to their hopes and plans without the necessity ofthe latter being immediately possible of attainment. Ithink in this way we may offer you a forum of oneinstitution's ideas on medical education which shouldprove interesting.TRIVIAL TRAVEL TALESINTO the life of every columnist comes a desire towrite a travelogue. We have successfully avoideddogs with rabies and men with leprosy (there hasn'tbeen one on the quadrangles since Dr. Hyde startled aKent Theatre audience on a Wednesday afternoon inFebruary, 1903, by using an Australian leper to illustrate his lecture), but we have finally succumbed tothat dread disease of journalism, Travelogium Tediuma Borum. Which is your cue to turn at once to FredMillett's In My Opinion and read something worthwhile.After spending a busy summer conducting a seriesof quadrangle tours for thebenefit of our summer students, we took a postman'sholiday : a thirty-eight hundred-mile auto tour combining a series of sub-tours,traveling in the general direction of north and east.We crossed Ohio on aSunday. Everyone in Ohio,it appears, goes to churchon Sunday. At least if rural Ohioans don't attendchurch they park their carsout in front and come back for them after the services.In East Cleveland it was apparent that a convincingclock-advertising salesman had supplied most businesshouses with timepieces carrying appropriate slogans ofthe "Time to Buy Something-or-other" type. We evenpassed a clock on the lawn of an undertaking establishment which lacked, however, the "Time to Die" sloganwe had learned to expect.At Buffalo we stood on the Soldier and Sailor monument to take a picture of the new seven million dollarcity hall and the McKinley monument (let's see, it wasjust thirty-eight years ago this October that McKinleyappeared in Kent Theatre, wasn't it?). We lied a littleto a couple of small urchins who, impressed with ourelaborate photographic equipment, asked what paper thepicture was for. We replied, "A Chicago paper," knowing that Editor Beck would blue pencil any attempt tomake good this exaggeration but we hated to disappointthe boys.When in Toronto we can never resist the temptationto visit Casa Loma on the hill overlooking the city andharbor where a one time wealthy Englishman yieldedto an ambitious dream to build a pretentious castle,with some few hundred rooms, and palatial stables whereroyalty could be entertained (in the castle, of course,not the stables!) He misjudged his bank account terribly, as the boarded windows testify, but we have asneaking admiration for a man who, at least, had greatambitions although lacking good judgment. ®By HOWARD W. MORT, Editor, Tower TopicsHart House, at the University of Toronto, remindsus of the Mitchell Tower group with its correspondingtower, dining hall and theatre for student dramatics.The last time we were there lightning had torn a corneroff the tower. A few months later the gods delivereda similar jolt to a corner of Mitchell Tower which Republicans would probably be inclined to credit to Mr.Roosevelt's foreign reciprocal policy!En route to Ottawa we passed a shack on the shoresof a large lake. A crude sign on the shack read, "Honeyfed worms." This, we believe, rivals Bob (Arkansaw)Burns' aunt's kindness of cutting a worm in two whenshe finds it alone so it will have company. Which reminds us of the "gag" in the Freshman Week Phoenix :"The Amoeba hugs himself in the middle and then he'stwo other people." Also the modern students philosophy expressed on another page of the same issue:"I cut my candles all in two —Which startles all my friends.They're only half as long, it's true,But burn at all four ends."At Ottawa we began the first of our series of sub-tours by permitting a very courteous Canadian gentleman in afternoon dress to conduct us through the Parliament buildings. We blush to admit it but the thingthat impressed us most was the fact that the gentlemanrefused a tip at the end of the tour — which is rare, indeed, as any traveler will agree. We heard the nooncarillon concert played from the tower of the Parliament Buildings. Ottawans take considerable pride inthese carillons but we should be pardoned for our prejudice, living, as we do, in the shadow of a universitychapel with its seventy-two bells.McGill University had not opened for the fall termwhen we arrived at Montreal. But we met the caretaker of buildings and grounds who was ready to wrapup the campus and deliver it to our hotel when helearned we were personally acquainted with Dean Gordon J. Laing whocame to Chicagofrom McGill in1923. ; This caretaker helped DeanLaing pack tiisbooks when he leftMcGill and shakeshis head sadly atthe mistake McGillmade in allowingMr. Laing to leave.We did the usual things at Quebec: made a downpayment on a guide to ride in the front seat for a tourof the city; ate in a small French restaurant on RueSt. Louis — going around in front of the Chateau Fronte-nac to pick our teeth; visited the fort; the Plains ofn12 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEAbraham ; etc. We mingled withthe Saturday night crowd onthe Voie Commerciale — lowertown's main shopping district— where ninety per cent of thepeople spoke only French. Webought a French newspaperwith the Tribune (Chicago)syndicated funnies in French.We were forced to purchase anEnglish edition to get the pointsof the Moon Mullins and AndyGump jokes either becausethey aren't funny when translated into French or our Frenchis much too literal to be funny!Dartmouth, at Hanover, NewHampshire, has one of the mostbeautiful settings for a campus we have ever seen. And,so cordial was our reception, we were almost sorry webeat them in football by such a large score in 1933(39to0).While in New Hampshire we dropped in on Miss Talbot at her summer home in Holderness. She has abeautiful little cottage on the short of a picturesque lake.Miss Breckinridge was visiting with Miss Talbot at thetime and they showed us where they stepped from thebedroom into the lake each morning for a dip beforebreakfast. We also saw the canoe which Miss Talbotuses for moonlight "strolls" on the lake. Well, whenwe get to be as young as these two women, we maybring ourselves to venture out onto a choppy lake atmidnight in a frail canoe to see the moon rise throughthe trees over the cottage and we may bring ourselvesto the point of plunging into the icy waters of a NewEngland lake before breakfast!It was only a short drive from Holderness to the"Old Man of the Mountain" and on over the mountainto the summer home of Principal Gillet (University Elementary Schools) in Vermont. Mr. and Mrs. Gillettook us for a hike up their "mountain" from where wecould get an impressive panorama of the mountains andvalleys around Randolph, Vermont. We would almostbe willing to write an elementary school arithmetic too,Mr. Gillet, if we could do it under such delightful conditions.On our way to Boston we stopped at Marblehead,Mass. As we entered the old cemetery on the rockyhill overlooking the harbor we were warned by this epitaph on an old stone placed there in 1793 to the memory of a woman who died at the age of twenty-one :All you that doth my grave pass byAs you are now so once was IAs I am now so you may bePrepare for death and follow me(Remind us to show you a picture taken of one ofthe members of our party — Miss Marjorie Putnam '35¦ — which will give you an idea of how we spend a morning at Marblehead. She doesn't know we took thispicture, but I am sure she will not mind since it's all inthe family and you are one of the family, of course.)We Were WarnedBy epitaphs in Marblehead Cemetery The less said about pur arrival in Boston the better! Didyou ever try to drive a car inBoston? If so, you know ourstory; if not, we do not wishto alarm you in the event youplan to visit there some day.A Boston street is in disgrace ifit goes more than two consecutive blocks in the same direction. Buildings crowd in closeto examine the packages in theback seat. Squares block further progress at every third intersection into which pour sevenor more other streets making itimpossible to win. We were notsurprised to learn that, at onepoint in the business district, one takes the elevated inthe subway, the subway on the elevated platform, and asurface car either in the subway or on the elevated platform.We secured a room on Oxford Street, around the corner from Memorial Hall at Harvard. When we returned to the room the first night we spent from eleveno'clock until midnight trying, first to find MemorialHall, then our room, then Memorial Hall again — running into Harvard Square at frequent intervals just tomake the game interesting. We would still be goingin circles but for a night policeman who stopped us forgoing in the wrong direction around a square and whotore up the ticket and helped us find our room, whichproved to be just around the corner. But the HarvardTercentenary and the three comprehensive tours overthe Harvard Campus under the tutelage of intelligentstudents compensated for any and all traffic difficulties.We drove through the wooded campus of Wellesleyprimarily, we suppose, because it was the early academic home of Miss Talbot and Alice Freeman Palmer (to whom our Mitchell Tower chimes are dedicated.) We spent a Sunday afternoon at Yale where astudent guide took particular pains to show us the lawquadrangle because President Hutchins was dean of thisschool before he left to become President of Chicago.The guide also told us that the President's series of lectures delivered at Yale last spring were so popular thatthey were moved to the large auditorium to accommodate the crowds, which may or may not be good newsfor us at Chicago if you are hearing the latest gossip.We'll pass over our New York City adventures —Broadway at midnight with animated salesmen "smuggling" watches "that run" to a devil-may-care streetcrowd for ten cents — Sloppy Joe's crazy concoctions —automats — the docking of the Queen Mary — Radio City¦ — the Roxy, which seems to have lost its one-timeglamour — Harlem — the Bowery — it was all exciting butunimportant.We paused at Princeton as we headed homeward tovisit the chapel, another Goodhue monument, and sawthe haunts of our own Fritz Crisler who, as you mightknow, is very popular among those who carry raw meatto the Tiger on autumn Saturday afternoons.IN MY OPINION• By FRED B.THE American reader passes so easily from thereading of an American book to the reading ofan English book that he is inclined to ignore theextraordinarily wide divergencies between the vital matrices out of which these books spring. His failure tosense essential and fundamental differences between thesocial milieux out of which the various arts flower isdue in some degree to the rather excessively large partwhich English history and English literature play in hiselementary and advanced education and in part to thefact that until recent years American writers seem tohave been bent on making their books as slightly distinguishable as possible from their British models. DespiteWilliam Dean Howells' mild Anglophobia, the distancebetween his novels and those of Archibald Marshall isimmeasurably less than the distance between the novelsof James Hanley and those of James T. Farrell.But no more than a brief or an occasional immersionin the life of contemporary England is required to makeone realize that there are more far-reaching differencesbetween these related cultures than there are deep-seatedresemblances. The difference on the level of creaturecomforts is notorious. Granting the well-known excessesof American "central heating," there is no disguising thefact that England's entire population lives through at leastnine months of the year at an indoor temperature involving actual physical discomfort. Since the Englishare past-masters at rationalization, they have devised anincredible number of "reasons" for enduring this chronicdiscomfort: that "central heating" is unhealthy, that resistance to colds is built up by learning to live at a consistently low temperature, that a comfortable degree ofartificial heat is enervating, etc., etc. But a state of civilization that tolerates chilblains is bound to seem primitive to Americans who encounter the ancient ailmentas infrequently as smallpox. A loyal Englishman hassaid that his country has the best climate and the worstweather in the world. There is certainly no doubt aboutthe weather! The British Sunlight League has littleenough to do in broadcasting to the press daily statementsas to the number of minutes of sunlight recorded at aseries of aspiring seaside resorts. And the rising stateof expectation and the inevitable disappointment evokedby Bank Holiday weather can only be regarded aspathetic. On Easter Sunday this year snow fell in theLondon streets ; it is no wonder that queues of five hundred people waited sadly in the slush for the belatedopenings of cheery cinema-palaces.The charges against the monotony and the tasteless-ness of English food are as conventional as they are legitimate. The English cook is adept at making every kindof fish taste like every other kind, every vegetable as dullas that reductio ad absurdum of vegetables, — vegetablemarrow. The English idea of a salad — lettuce and miniature tomatoes — is a travesty on that noble dish and atriumph of British culinary insularity. To be sure, the MILLETT, PhD*3l, Associate Professor of EnglishEnglish have to their credit the creation of an ampleand inspiriting breakfast and an inevitable and revivingtea; for the rest, the only hope lies in the extension ofthe process of Americanization, so conspicuous in otheraspects of English life, to the all-important one of food.Even more shocking, and ultimately more dangerous, tothe American visitor is the English standard of food-sanitation. One would look far in the slums of an American city for methods of food-preservation so inadequateand untrustworthy as those that seem to be the rule inthe British Isles.But there are more significant differences between thelinglish and the American scene. There are momentswhen the past, glorious as it is, seems a millstone aroundthe neck of modern England. In America, despite theefforts of historical societies and antiquarian societies, thealmost universal instinct is not to preserve the past, butto destroy it and replace it by something better. Thereare moments when one sees England as a gigantic national museum among the inanimate treasures of whichforty million people are somehow attempting to survive.The architectural remains, whether ruined or restored,are sometimes both beautiful and imagination-stirring,but their maintenance is not merely an aesthetic but aneconomic responsibility, and it is no wonder perhaps thatin a number of conspicuous instances England has beenwilling to turn to American Anglophiles, for the meansto buttress and sustain a collapsing cathedral. At themoment an attempt is being made to secure Americanfunds tq preserve Washington Old Hall, County Durham, built in 1610, for many years let as tenements, andnow (grewsome phrase!) declared unfit for human habitation. America after all has a few Washington memorials of its own, and one wonders whether SulgraveManor satisfies inadequately thej republican passions ofthe British. Almost daily the press brings one evidenceof the conflict between the static and the dynamic inEnglish architectural life. Recently, the Norwich Corporation proposed to complete its program of slum clearance (2,000 houses between 1933 and 1938), some ofthem "legitimately numbered among the worst slums inthe city." Since 200 of these were described as "ancientbuildings," a vigorous protest was made by the localantiquarians and men of letters, and a special correspondent to the Observer wrote, "There is a growing feelingthat the ancient character of Norwich is disappearingat a very alarming pace. One local expert goes so faras to say that, except for a few museum specimens, allthe fifteenth and sixteenth-century houses will havegone within a generation. It is appalling to think howmany charming landmarks will have gone when this mistaken crusade has been completed." There is a Societyfor the Preservation of Ancient Buildings, a Society forthe Preservation of Windmills, a Society for the Preservation of Rural England. Perhaps the simplest procedure would be to form an American philanthropic1314 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEcorporation under the title Society for the Preservationof England as a Memorial to the History of the English-speaking Peoples of the World. Aside from the guardians needed to discourage the vandalism of Americantourists, the inhabitants might be put into picturesque fifteenth and sixteenth-century costumes, and paid to illustrate traditional English sports and pastimes.But the weight of the past upon contemporary England is not merely architectural ; it is likewise social andeconomic. Despite the blows which history has dealtthe aristocracy and the church, both these institutionscontinue to make extremely heavy economic demandsupon the body politic. The heaviness of the obligationthat a state church entails is nowhere more strikinglyillustrated than by the over-duplication of services helddaily in the colleges of Oxford and Cambridge. Almostevery college has inherited from the Middle Ages or theRenaissance a full-fledged ecclesiastical edifice where bothchurch-laws and customs dictate the regular renditionof the liturgy. Exquisite and precious as these churchlysettings frequently are, matchless as is the beauty ofKing's College, Cambridge, reassuring as it may be tohear the service of evensong performed in the soft twilight of an English spring, one wonders whether twentyor thirty almost simultaneous' services are needed topreserve the religious spirit of the handful of gownedundergraduates that attend these daily functions. Andthe bitterness with which the tithe-war is being foughtis sufficient evidence of the economic oppressiveness ofa mediaeval ecclesiastical system. Grievous as must bethe plight of many a landed aristocrat of incrediblyancient lineage, burdensome as must be the responsibilities of meeting heavy taxes and death duties, the aristocracy persists as an unchallenged power in Englishsocial, artistic, and, to a degree, political life. Itshaughty head is still unbowed. Though shorn of someof its rarest treasures, Knole, with its thousand acres ofdeer park, its rambling palace built around seven courts,and its rooms and galleries, still preserves the seventeenthcentury in camphored silken tatters.The past persists in England most innocuously perhaps in the form of ceremonials that set the imaginationafloat on the wings of history and legend. Hardly aweek passes in London without the annual commemoration of some cherished idiosyncratic figure. The littleLord Mayor accompanied by his gigantic mace andsword drives pompously hither and yon to render hissymbolic obeisance to England's heroes and eccentrics.Thus one may see him in his trailing black and goldgown at St. Andrew Undershaft's, climbing up amongthe blinking camera lights to replace the quill pen inthe fingers of the statue of the Elizabethan antiquarian,John Stow, or crowning with a wreath of bay the bustof Samuel Pepys under the new roof of St. Olave's justrestored at the cost of thousands of pounds. He wasmost impressive of all when he challenged the King'sright to enter the city limits of ancient London. AtTemple Bar, the royal procession found its progressbarred by a red silken cord. Then, "Bluemantle Pursuivant rode out from the procession and, between twoState trumpeters, advanced to the City boundary. Thetrumpets sounded three times, and the City trumpeters Fred B. Millettreplied. Then,"Who comesthere?" criedthe City Marshal, who,wearing ascarlet uniform and aplumed hat,and mountedon a whitehorse, had advanced to theb oun dary.The replywas: "HisM a j e s t y 'sOf f i cers ofArms, whodemand entrance intothe City ofLondon in order to proclaim the Coronation of his RoyalMajesty King Edward VIII." The City's challenge givenand met, Bluemantle Pursuivant was at once allowed topass. . . . After saluting, the Pursuivant handed tothe Lord Mayor the Order in Council requiring theproclamation of the Coronation. This was read aloudby the Common Crier, and then the Lord Mayor gavedirections to admit the cavalcade to the City."These symbolic evocations of the power and grandeur of the past are only the most spectacular evidencesof the profound and persistent stratification of Englishsocial life. In contrast to England's, America's past isso brief that what there is of it can be pretty safelyignored and most of it belongs to the future. There are,to be sure, social classes in America, but except in urbanNew England and the urban and rural South, almostthe only criterion of social position is wealth. Consequently, since wealth is still bewilderingly mobile, society in America has an impermanence and an indefinite-ness that are antitheses of the English state of fffairs.The contrast between English and American speech furnishes a further index to the divergences in their socialstratification. The rich and fascinating variety of American speech is geographical, and only quite incidentallyeconomic and social in significance. English speech, tobe sure, has its precious regional permutations, as thecounty recordings made recently by the British DramaLeague pointedly demonstrate, but English speech ismore significant socially than it is geographically or economically. It is difficult for an American to realize thetremendous handicap an Englishman faces who happensto be born into a socially inferior speech-group. Thewrong accent is still an imponderable but inescapablebarrier to social and professional preferment. Not alittle of the exacerbation apparent in the critical reactions of D. H. Lawrence must have been a protest or amechanism motivated by his deep sense of social inferiority. His violent and tasteless attack on the work of agentleman like Galsworthy has unmistakable social implications.THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 15But the stratification that irritates the American nurtured on the tradition of a democratic society bringsits compensations. There is an admitted advantage inbeing able to detect from a single phrase the socialexperience and attitudes of one's companion. Morechurlishly, there is something to be said, at least by thearistocracy and the middle class, for a social system inwhich, for instance, servants and tradesmen accept without question the duties and privileges, such as they are,of the caste "to which it has pleased God to call them."But, more significantly, a precisely defined social system,a persistently stable array of social classes, makes possible a degree of desirable and fruitful social toleranceboth within and between classes. It is only in relativelyunstable societies that people are excessively sensitiveabout conformity and independence; From this circumstance arises perhaps the paradox that English society isat once exceedingly conventional and exceedingly tolerant of harmless unconventionality.This happy working compromise between liberty andrestraint creates a sense of solidarity and a generousattitude toward variations from the norm within thesocial group. An American cannot make many contactswith English literate and literary society without feel ing in it a centripetal quality, a kind of family feelingcompletely absent from American literary life, even insuch a mecca as New York. As in the society of theold South, every one one meets seems to have tenuousbut reliable connections with every one else one wantsto met. But along with this penetrative cohesivenessthere goes a respect for the rights of the individual that,if observed in America, would put an end to most journalism. What American camera-man, now the hero, nowthe scoundrel of the photographic peepshow, would notbe struck with dismay at a country where no one's photograph can be published by the press without his permission, and where a woman in trousers and a man withhis mistress won heavy damages from the newspapers inwhich their unauthorized photographs appeared? WhatAmerican gossip-columnist would not shake with terrorat the news that the editor, the publisher, and the printerof The Journals of Arnold Bennett were assessed twothousand five hundred pounds damages for printing anallegedly libelous remark about the Irish poet AustinClarke, a remark which Bennett quoted thoughtlesslyfrom conversation with a casual acquaintance.(To be concluded)Chicago Alummi in the Current MagazinesAmerican Mercury — JulyAmerica Faces Bankruptcy, H.Parker Willis, '94, PhD'98.American Mercury — SeptemberCanada Won't Go Yankee,Stephen Leacock, PhD'03Asia — JulyThe Myth of the Open Door,Nathaniel Peffer, '11Asia — AugustWayfoong: The Hong KongBank, Gertrude Emerson Sen, '12Asia — SeptemberThe Strike in North China, JohnB. Appleton, SM'24, PhD'25Atlantic- — JulyThrough a Glass Darkly, StephenLeacock, PhD'03 A tlantic — SeptemberSelling More Labor, Sumner H.Slichter, PhD'18A tlantic — OctoberImaginary Persons, Stephen Leacock, PhD '03Esquire — SeptemberAn Essay for Men, Vardis Fisher,AM'22, PhD '25Esquire — NovemberLeading the Life of Riley, DonaldC. Peattie, ex'20Passes Make Trouble, Herbert O.Crisler, '22Forum — October*Up to Our Neck in Debt, H. Parker Willis, '94, PhD'98 Harpers — AugustInside De Valera, John Gunther,y22Harp ers — OctoberThe New Monasticism, Edgar J.Goodspeed, DB'97, PhD'98National Geographic — OctoberParis in Spring, Maynard OwenWilliams, '10Scribners — AugustPath for Liberals, Nathaniel Peffer, '11Scribners — SeptemberIs the American Legion American? Cyrus LeRoy Baldridge '11Survey — JulyO Tempora, O Mores, Grace Abbott, PhM'10NEWS OF THE QUADRANGLESALTHOUGH its disinterest in recruiting footballplayers is well established, the University hasbeen carrying on a determined campaign ofproselyting in another field, and the most important newsfrom the long run point of view as the forty-fifth yearstarts is the fact that some sixty new members joinedthe academic ranks on the quadrangles with the openingof the autumn quarter. Of all ranks from professor toinstructor, the group ranges from scholars of establishedworld reputation to young men who give promise ofadding to Chicago's prestige by their achievements onthe Midway.Thanks to prudent management in the more prosperous days prior to 1929, and a courageous willingness todraw on its limited reserves, the University has notlessened the pace of its progress in the last six years.But there has been a steady attrition of the facultythrough death and retirement which threatened eventually to impair the quality of its effort. The additionsmade in the last year — amounting to approximately eightper cent of the entire faculty — demonstrate not only theawareness of the administration to that danger, but alsoits ability to persuade scholars that they should cometo the University. The new appointments go far tooffset the losses of the last several years, and to theextent that its resources will permit, the University intends to continue its efforts to keep the faculty outstanding.The department of astronomy, rated "distinguished"in the Report of the Committee on Graduate Instructionof the American Council on Education, has been notablystrengthened by the appointment of six men. The combination of its facilities at Yerkes with the new McDonald Observatory of the University of Texas, whichChicago is to staff, and the comparative youth of itsmembers, indicates the strong probability that theastronomy department, already on a par with the best,may outstrip all others. It is worth recalling that thisincrease in staff has been made possible because Presidents Hutchins and Benedict of Chicago and Texasworked out a plan of cooperation which enables Chicago to save the cost of a new observatory and Texasthe expense of a staff.In the Classics, Romance languages, and History departments, which also received "distinguished" rating;in philosophy, which ranked as "adequate," and in thebiological sciences, long of exceptional ability, new menbring added distinction. Social Service Administration,pace-setter for the country, and the Law School, also havebeen appreciably strengthened. As a final note on thepresent position of the faculty, it should be pointed outthat of the 62 scholars of the world to receive honorarydegrees at Harvard's Tercentenary celebration, Chicagotopped all other institutions with four representatives.Two of those so honored, Nobel Prize winner Arthur H.Compton, physicist, and Mathematician Leonard E.Dickson, are long established members of the faculty. • By WILLIAM V. MORGENSTERN, '20, JD '22Two others were among the newcomers : Werner W,Jaeger, classicist from the University of Berlin, andRudolph Carnap, philosopher from the German University at Prague.We Came for the New PlanTo the University in the last week of September alsocame the freshman class, for its leisurely period of"orientation." Miscellaneous statistics about this newclass show that it numbers 43 valedictorians, 27 highschool senior class presidents, and 58 editors of highschool publications. To the inquiries of Keith Parsonsof the University Secretary's office, the freshmen revealed that the most important influence on their decision to attend the University was the College plan,reenforced by the advice of high school teachers, alumni,and their own families. The scholastic standing of Chicago was indicated as the one general compelling reason,although one young man declared that he came here toplay football.Leon P. Smith, who held the position of Head of theDepartment of Romance Languages Department atWashington and Lee, has been appointed Assistant Deanof Students and Assistant Professor in Romance Languages and Literatures. No stranger to the University,Dean Smith was a member of the Chicago faculty beforegoing to Washington and Lee, and was for two years oneof the College advisers. His position, among other responsibilities, is that of the University official in chargeof student activities. The office was left vacant by theresignation of William E. Scott, who accepted an appointment from the Progressive Education Association.Said President Hutchins in the assembly that openedFreshman Week: ". . . Although I hate all sweeping historical generalizations, I will venture to say thatthe business of education is more important at thismoment than it ever has been in the past. Although Iloathe all prophecy, I will say that the world seems tobe rushing toward the destruction of liberty of conscience,of worship, of speech, and of thought. The world seemsto be rushing, in other words, toward the abolition ofthose processes which, since the time of the Greeks, haveaccounted for the advance of civilization. This tendency,together with the concomitant tendency to hatred andwar, will not be without its effects on our own country.Already we see signs of the growth of bigotry and repression. We see ignorance and prejudice exploited bythe most shameless propaganda. We see battle linesdrawn that may determine the fate of our form of government, and of your generation."So I say that the business of education is more important now than it ever has been before. Educationis intellectual and spiritual preparation. Never have thetimes called as they do today for disciplined reason, forclear and independent thought. No political organizationis any better than the citizens that compose it. No gov-16THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 17ernmental system can make stupid citizens intelligent.And democracy, to which we adhere, cannot survivewithout intelligent citizens."The object of the College of the University of Chicago is to help you to become intelligent citizens. Tothat end, under the Chicago Plan, you are given opportunities for independent activity such as befit free menand women. . . ."Registration on the quadrangles for the autumnquarter was 6,170, with 1,778 registrations in University College bringing the total to 7,948. The undergraduates, including those in University College, a relatively small number, totaled 1,960 men and 1,276 women.Quadrangles registration showed a slight gain; University College had a loss. For the first time since the newresidence halls for men were built, every residence hallis full, and waiting lists are in use again. Part of theexplanation for the popularity of the halls may lie inthe fact that the students are somewhat more prosperousand able to afford the better accommodations of the residence halls as compared with those isolated and unattractive private rooms that are somewhat cheaper. Aprogram of renovation of the halls, and an effort to makethem more useful and attractive undoubtedly has playeda part.The Chicago Plan, now in its sixth year, continuesunchanged, except for the improvements that are anannual product of experience and experimentation. Mostradical change in any of the courses has been that inSocial Science II, in which new integration has beenprovided, based on the theme of freedom and controlin industrial society.Meanwhile the output of research continues in manyfields. Some of the items which were news since thelast issue of the Magazine : Slanguage Goes to PressThe "Dictionary of American English," first comprehensive record of the American language, which hasbeen in progress for the past ten years, reached the stageof publication the first week in September, when thefirst of twenty sections was issued. A dictionary doesnot at first glance promise lively reading, but this particular dictionary has wide appeal in interest, recordingas it does the cleavage from the mother tongue. Thehistory of numerous words has already been indicated inprevious issues of the Magazine, providing a sample ofwhat this dictionary offers. More than 1,500 advancesubscriptions have been received to date, a total whichwill pay publication cost, but not the cost of research.That cost was underwritten by the General EducationBoard, the American Council of Learned Societies, andthe University. One anticipated result of publicationhas been a flood of inquiries concerning specific words.A motion picture producer wants to know if "knockedout" was current as early as 1845 ; another inquirerwants the history of the verb "to dope."Still Sixty Percent Miss High SchoolSixty percent of Chicago's adult population has hadno formal schooling beyond the eighth grade. Twenty-six and one-half percent of the city's adults have hadthree years of high school or more, and 8.7 percent havehad at least one year of college.These figures are included in a study just completedfor the sociology department by Richard O. Lang.For the entire population of Chicago 18 years old orabove the average grade completed in school is 8.1. Theaverage figure for men is 8.05, for women, 8.15."Halfback Recruits"For the Midway's academic team. Standing left to right are Dr. James R. Blayney from the University of Illinois who willhead the Zoller Memorial Dental Clinic, Paul Cleveland of the New York Bar who joins the Law School faculty, andDr. Rudolf Carnap of Prague, leader of the "logical-positivist" school of philosophy, who becomes professor of Philosophy.Seated are Vice President Frederic Woodward and Professor Werner Jaeger of Berlin who is considered perhaps theworld's outstanding classics authority. He has been appointed professor of Greek.18 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEData for the study were secured through the specialChicago census of 1934, of which Mr. Lang was co-director. The special census revealed 2,364,478 personsin Chicago of 18 years or older, 1,179,993 of them men,and 1,184,485 being women. Of the total 4.7 percenthad no formal schooling; 6.8 percent dropped out ofschool by the end of fourth grade; another 49.1 percenthad completed their education by or before the end ofthe eighth grade; another 12 percent dropped out afterthe ninth or tenth grade; another 17.8 percent after theeleventh or twelfth grade; 8.7 percent had at least oneyear of college; and 8/10ths of one percent wereunknowns.The figures show a higher proportion of females hadhigh school education and a higher proportion of maleshad college education. Of all the females 18 years orabove, 32.1 percent had completed from one to fouryears of high school, as against 27.6 of the males. Asfor college training, 10.1 percent of the men (119,056)had had a year or more of college, as compared with7.3 percent of the women (86,129).Pointing out that "the average adult in Chicago hasslightly more than completed elementary school (eighthgrade) and the females on the average have higher educational status than the males," Mr. Lang shows thatthe average grade completed by native whites of nativeparentage was 9.3, as compared with city-wide average8.1. Only 4/10ths of one percent of this group, 2,951individuals, had no formal schooling; only 1.5 percentdropped out before fifth grade; and 15.7 had a year ormore of college. Fifty-five percent of all those in Chicago who had one or more college years were nativewhites of native parents.The average grade at leaving school for the second-Bills Advances Theory:"Uh's" are nature's rest periods in speechgeneration group, native whites of foreign or mixedparentage, was 8.42. The same figure for Negroes was7.5, and for foreign born, 6.44. Only 13.8 percent of theforeign born had more than an elementary school education. All statistics gathered were for attendance at regular schools, attendance at night-schools, or vocationalstudies not a part of a regular school curriculum, notbeing included. Mr. Lang has prepared a map showing the comparative educational status of the 965 census tracts withinthe city. "The tracts in which the highest classes ofeducational status seemed to be concentrated were inbetter apartment house areas and the areas of singlefamily dwellings," he reports. "The concentration ofthe lowest educational status seemed to fall within theareas of poor housing near the heavy industries and theinterstitial areas surrounding the central business district." Areas of low educational status are also areas ofhigh delinquency, crime and dependancy rates, he finds.Nature s Own Rest PeriodsMental fatigue produces "mental blocks," which areenforced resting periods, pioneering experiments madeunder the direction of Professor Arthur G. Bills ofpsychology department have revealed. Such blockingmay account partially for the "uhs" which some lecturers interject. The frequency and duration of mentalblocks increases during a sustained mental operation involving the same task, a relatively unfatigued subjectblocking on the average three to five times a minute forperiods of a few seconds, while a fatigued subject mayblock as often as eight to ten times a minute, each periodbeing twice as long as for an unfatigued subject. Dr.Bills' experiments may explain a question long puzzlingto psychologists: why mental efficiency is impaired bycontinuous mental effort much less than muscular efficiency is impaired by physical work. The rests affordedby blocks keep the individual's objective efficiency up toan average level in spite of the changes which fatigueproduce in his nervous system, Dr. Bills thinks. Thoughstutterers block about twice as often as normal subjects,and their blocks are longer, their blocking does notincrease as rapidly with fatigue as it does in normal individuals.Would Pull Down Cosmic RaysNewest of the series of measuring devices to be placedin use in the physical laboratories of the University isthe twelve-ton magnet constructed for the Study fofcosmic rays by Professor Compton. Although exceededin size by several other magnets used for physical experimentation, the Compton magnet has an exceptionallystrong magnetic field over a comparatively large volumeof air, exercising approximately 40,000 times the "pull"of the earth's magnetic field over a cubic foot. ProfessorCompton will carry out experiments to provide data onparticles such as the cosmic rays which have such highenergies that they do not obey the laws of electricity,even as extended by the Einstein theory. He hopes tobe able to restate the laws of electricity applicable tosuch high energy particles. When cosmic rays passthrough a chamber in the magnetic field their paths, indicated by a fog trail created in moist gas, will be bent.The rays of very high energy particles are less susceptible to deflection than are those of lesser energy, in somewhat the same way that a baseball is harder to curvethan a ping-pong ball. Therefore the amount of curvature will afford an index to the energy. Professor Compton hopes to measure energies up to forty billion voltswith his new apparatus.THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 19Sees Red in the StarsFrom the Yerkes staff, which has been making important astronomical "news" with great regularity, comesannouncement of the discovery of a red nebula, and of"cool" stars. Director Otto Struve, Assistant Professor C. T. Elvey, and F. E. Roach of Yerkes photographed the red nebula while working at the McDonaldobservatory site. The discovery was astronomically important because it proves the reflection theory of thenebular phenomenon. According to that theory, thenebular effect is the result of the reflection of the lightof a star by the particles of an immense cloud of interstellar dust. Because there are two types of stars, redand blue, there should be likewise red and blue nebulae,if the hypothesis is correct. Plenty of blue nebulae havebeen found, but until the Yerkes staff succeeded, no rednebula had been photographed. Using special platessensitive, to yellow light, and a "Schmidt camera," asmall reflecting instrument which has a very high lightratio, they found their red nebula. The "Schmidtcamera," incidentally, cost Yerkes only a few dollars,for glass blanks, the all-important grinding being doneby an amateur instrument maker, C. H. Nicholson, aradio engineer of Chicago, who is a member of theChicago Amateur Astronomical Association. Professional instrument makers were willing to undertake construction of the device only with reluctance and at aprohibitive price.The "cool" stars were found by Dr. Charles Hetzlerof Yerkes, who used a new photographic plate emulsionespecially sensitive to infra-red light. This methodenabled him to photograph stars which are so red thatthey cannot be caught on plates sensitive to ordinaryblue light. "Cool" stars have surface temperatures of1,000 degrees Centigrade and emit red light; while mostknown stars, which emit a blue light, have surface temperatures between 3,000 and 30,000 degrees, with someas high as 50,000 degrees. Unsatisfied, Dr. Hetzler iscontinuing his search, hunting a really frigid star witha surface temperature under 1,000 degrees.Some time early next year the new 82-inch mirror ofthe reflecting telescope at the McDonald Observatorywill be completed. Cast late in 1933, it is now beingground. The observatory dome was completed in Marchof 1935, and the mounting of the new instrument, aningenious mechanism, has been installed and awaits onlycompletion of the mirror.Greece's Cyclops Goes OrientalAstronomical discoveries have not been the only onesreported by the research groups of the University, however. Reports from the field expeditions of the OrientalInstitute continue to reveal interesting finds and givedepth to the picture of civilization which that organization has been unfolding. The Iraq expedition, under thefield direction of Dr. Henri Frankfort, has linked theone-eyed Cyclops of Greek mythology to its source inancient Babylonian religion, and has also shown anotherclose cultural relationship between ancient India andMesopotamia. Another discovery of the expedition indicates that the Babylonians worshipped live snakes, a practice of which there hitherto had been no inkling.Working at sites between the Tigris and the foot of thePersian mountains, northeast of Baghdad, the expedition's discoveries of Babylonian material related to theAge of Abraham, 2100-1900 B. C, and to the earlierperiod of about 3000 B. C.The Cyclops, of the Age of Abraham, was found atFrankfort ExaminesWith the late Dr. James H. Breasted the ruins of a sewagesystem at Tell AsmarTell Asmar on a relief which portrays a god, carryingbow and arrow, stabbing a one-eyed adversary with abroad-bladed knife. His one eye clearly engraved on hisforehead, the Cyclops emanates rays, indicating that hewas a demon of light or fire. He wears a skirt whichDr. Frankfort describes as a "bungled version" of theflounced material which was worn in Mesopotamia inthe first half of the Third Millenium, but which hadentirely gone out of fashion by 2000 B. C. The antiquated dress portrayed indicated that although no representations had been previously found, the demon wasa well established figure in Babylonian mythology.In 1932, Dr. Frankfort found evidence which indicatedthat the myth of Herakles and the Hydra derived fromBabylonian beliefs connected with the god of fertility."This is another instance of the Oriental origin ofcertain motives which the Greeks borrowed from theEast," Dr. Frankfort reports. "To state this fact doesnot diminish in any way our appreciation for the originality of the Greek mind. But it reminds us of the factthat the Greeks were late arrivals in an ancient andhighly developed civilized world, where they found muchthat could be used to express what till then they had notformulated. At the same time, it illustrates once morehow our own civilization is, through Hellas, inseparablylinked with the Ancient Near East."Two cauldron-shaped pots, one placed upside downover the other, were found in a minor temple in TellAsmar, with applied designs that glorify the power ofthe snake. The lower pot contained bones of small animals and birds, and an unbroken saucer which presumably contained water, indicating that a live snake waskept in the vessels. Although the Babylonians associated20 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEsnakes with the generative force of nature, the TellAsmar discovery is the first in which the snake and itspower are glorified in themselves. Four pair of snakes,bending their heads over the rim as if to drink, are theimportant feature of the decoration of one of the jars.That on the other jar is aimed at glorification of thesnake's power. The design on the rim is similar to thatof the other jar, but below are three human figures,one of whom lifts his hands in a gesture denoting eitherprayer or horror, while his companions, vainly wavinga club and a knife, succumb to the attacks of two largeserpents.A large temple of sun-dried brick, with an impressiveseries of rooms leading up to the sanctuary, where thestatue of the goddess Ishtar-Kititum was enthroned on abrick seat, was excavated at Ishcali. The temple not onlyindicates the large scale on which the sanctuaries wereplanned, but of the care with which the Babylonianarchitects built. Sun-dried brick, the only material available, was an unsatisfactory building material, and to protect the foundations from being washed out by rainwater the open courts were well drained and the base ofthe walls was protected with a pavement of baked bricks.Recessed niches which broke the monotony of the brickwalls and emphasized such important features as theentrance to the sanctuary, also were paved with bakedbrick, carefully cut to fit.The relationship between India and Mesopotamia wasshown by the representation of a humped bull, a purelyIndian animal, on a fragment of a cylindrical vase at TellAgrab. Another fragment of the same vase bears arepresentation of a Sumerian, adequately identified byhis large hooked nose, and proving the vase to be ofMesopotamian workmanship. Previously indications ofoccasional intercourse between the two countries hadbeen found, but Professor Frankfort believes that therendering of an Indian cult in an entirely Mesopotamiansetting indicates a closer tie than has been suspected.The discoveries by Sir Aurel Stein of extensive ruinedsettlements in Baluchistan and Southern Persia, inregions now so arid that only a few nomads can find aliving, indicates that the regions separating India andMesopotamia were much more fertile in 3000 B. C, andthat a much traveled land route existed then. Excavation of a temple at Tell Agrab yielded numerous objects,including stone statues and amulets, in a concealed sac-ristry; various stone and copper statues and figurines,and some 400 maceheads of stone.Closer to home, the Illinois archaeological expedition,which for the past twelve seasons has been making athorough study of the pre-history culture of the state,spent the summer excavating the Indian mounds nearMetropolis. Here the flood waters of the Ohio eachspring renewed the fertility of the soil, as the Nile doesfor Egypt, and supported a flourishing Indian populationfor a long period. The great Kincaid mounds, largestof which is a truncated pyramid two acres in extent andthirty-three feet high, are near Metropolis, and havebeen turned over to the University for excavation. Theexpedition is directed by Professor Fay-Cooper Cole,head of the department of anthropology, with Dr. Thorne Deuel the field director. The search this year was forthe burial grounds of the tribes who built the Kincaidmounds. Excavation of the adjoining Lewis moundsfailed to discover the burials, but added materially to theknowledge of Indian life.After 1 70 Years Dickson Does ItWhen Professor Dickson attended the Harvard celebration, his contribution to the intellectual carnival wasthe proof of "Waring's theorem," a problem on whichmathematicians have been working for 170 years.Among the professors who have appeared in the publicprints recently: Robert E. Park, professor emeritus ofsociology, who pointed out that change in society, if madeon the basis of news that accurately states the facts, willbe made on a rational basis. "So long as we get accuratereporting of the news, the country is safe," he told theSociety for Social Research. "It is the business of thenewspaper to publish the news, and not to run the country. If the papers will publish the news, the countrywill take care of itself." The parole system is an essentialpart of the system of criminal justice, Professor ofSociology Ernest Watson Burgess said before the meeting of the American Prison Association. Chicago hasmade an unusual record in its fight against crime, hesaid, the continuous and cumulative work of the ChicagoCrime Commission and the war of Chicago newspaperson crime and vice being effective contributions. It wasProfessor Burgess who worked out the technique ofactuarial prediction of "good risks" for parole, sinceadopted in Illinois and other states.Professor of Marketing James L. Palmer predicted tothe Association of National Advertisers that progress ofconsumer cooperatives probably would be slow in thenext decade or two. Nationally known authority onmarketing and distribution, and consultant in these fieldsto many great merchandising organizations, he pointedout that certain abuses in American enterprise were thegreatest stimulants to growth of cooperatives. "American industry can not seek the security of monopoly andcannot engage in abusive and predatory competitivepractices without stimulating new forms of competition,"he said. "In my judgment a great many of the measuresinitiated and supported by influential groups in the business community in recent years will, if continued, openthe door wide to consumer cooperation."Recent banking legislation has serious omissions andits repairs to the structure are often superficial and contradictory, Stuart P. Meech, associate professor offinance declared in one of the University College seriesof public lectures on "Current Trends in Business."Bankers themselves, he contended, are building securelyfor the future by attacking the problem of creating a safebut actively functioning banking system. Another member of the School of Business, Garfield V. Cox, RobertLaw Professor of Finance, addressing the Third AnnualMid- West Conference on Industrial Relations, held atthe University, expressed the belief that shortening ofworking hours and increasing of pay to prevent earnings,wTas not the remedy for unemployment. The result isTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 21increased costs without concomitant enlargement ofdemand, as the NRA demonstrated, he said.Poll Upsets Hint of IndoctrinationThe tumultuous political campaign has had only anoccasional echo on the quadrangles. A straw vote ofthe faculty, who were offered their choice of all six candidates including the Prohibitionist and the Communist,although the latter party is not on the Illinois ticket,showed the following: Landon, 298; Roosevelt, 267;Thomas, 8. The Daily Maroon, Phoenix and AmericanStudent Union cooperatively ran a student poll that wasadequately protected against repeaters, and in three daysgarnered 2,566 votes, out of a total electorate of 6,170.President Roosevelt received 1,420 votes; Landon, 724;Thomas, 206 ; Browder, 205, and Lemke, 7. Samuel A.Stouffer, professor of sociology, who helped the studentgroups conduct the poll, ran a test vote in the 10 o'clockclasses, polling 31 per cent of the undergraduate body.His check vote indicated that only 8 per cent of thepossible Browder support failed to vote, and only 28per cent of the potential Thomas vote failed to participate in the big poll. Best organized, these two minoritygroups got out their voters. The Landon following wasthe most disinterested of all, 42 per cent of that groupfailing to vote, while 38 per cent of the Roosevelt votewas not recorded in the Maroon poll.Fourteen members of the faculty signed the followingstatement endorsing the candidacy of Governor Landon :"Because of the widespread newspaper publicity givento the political utterances of a few members of the University of Chicago faculty, we have been told that manypeople hold the erroneous impression that these utterances represent the political viewpoint of the Universityof Chicago and its faculty."The University of Chicago is a non-political institution. Each member of the faculty has the right to complete expression of his own political views. No memberof the faculty has any authority to act as representativeof the views of the faculty generally or of the University."Illustrative of that right of complete political freedom.we the undersigned wish publicly to announce that weshall vote for Governor Alf M. Landon for President ofthe United States on November third." Signers werethe following: Harry A. Bigelow, John P. WilsonProfessor of Law and Dean of the Law School ; GilbertA. Bliss, Martin A. Ryerson Distinguished Service Professor of Mathematics, and Chairman of the Department ;Dr. Anton J. Carlson, Frank P. Hixon DistinguishedService Professor of Physiology, and Chairman of theDepartment; Rollin T. Chamberlain, Professor ofGeology; Fay-Cooper Cole, Professor and Chairman,Department of Anthropology; Arthur H. Compton,Charles H. Swift Distinguished Service Professor ofPhysics; Dr. George F. Dick, Professor and Chairman,the Department of Medicine ; Leonard E. Dickson, Elia-kim H. Moore Distinguished Service Professor of Mathematics; Henry Gordon Gale, Professor and Chairman,Department of Physics, and Dean of the Division of theBiological Sciences; Edgar J. Goodspeed, Ernest D.Burton Distinguished Service Professor of Biblical and Patristic Greek, and Chairman of the Department ofNew Testament and Early Christian Literature ; AndrewC. McLaughlin, Professor Emeritus of History ; Rollo L.Lyman, Professor of the Teaching of English; WilliamN. Mitchell, Associate Professor of Production Control,and Associate Dean of the School of Business; WilliamA. Nitze, Andrew MacLeish Distinguished Service Professor and Head of the Department of Romance Languages and Literatures.Summer Takes Toll of UniversityPersonalitiesMiss Mary McDowell, the original "Good Neighbor,"founder of the University of Chicago Settlement, diedOctober 15 at the age of 82. The next issue of the Magazine is to carry the story of her lifetime of good works,which brought herfriends among themighty and the humble the world over.Dr. Edwin OakesJordan, AndrewMacLeish D i s t i n-guished Service Professor Emeritus ofBacteriology, theUniversity of Chicago, died September1 at the CentralMaine General Hospital, L e w i s t o n,Maine, as a result ofcardiac disease whichhad been critical fora month.Dr. Jordan, oneof the original members of the facultyof the University,was internationallyknown for his work on epidemics, food poisoning, andpublic health. He also was known as one of the earlyand influential advocates of health education. The University of Chicago department of bacteriology and hygiene, which Dr. Jordan organized, has emphasizedteaching and research in the field of public health, andwas one of the early leaders in the improvement ofpublic water and milk supply. Many of the country'spublic health workers received their training under Dr.Jordan. ; ! "j jIt was the research work organized by Dr. Jordanwhich developed the decisive evidence in the suit thecity of St. Louis brought against the city of Chicago andthe Chicago Sanitary District shortly after the openingof the drainage canal, St. Louis contending the canalpolluted the downstream water. Dr. Ernest E. Ironsand others working with Dr. Jordan demonstrated thatbacterial infection from sewage existed only a comparatively short distance downstream.The Chicago bacteriologist was elected to the NationalMary McDowell22 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEDr. Edwin 0. JordanAcademy of Sciences this spring, the latest of a longseries of honors he received in recognition of his work.He was a member of the Medical Fellowship Board ofthe NationalResearchCouncil, atrustee of theM cCormi ckMemorial Institute of Infectious Diseases, of theAmericanAcademy o fScience, theNational Tuberculosis Association, theSociety ofBacteriologists, and ahonorary fel-lo w of theAssociation ofPathologistsand Bacteriologists.From 1920-27 he was a member of the International Health Board,and from 1930 to 1933 he was a member of theMedical Fellowship Board of the National Researchof the Rockefeller Foundation Board of ScientificDirectors of the International Health Division. He wasawarded the Sedgwick medal of the American PublicHealth Association in 1934, being the fifth recipient. In1932 he was president of the Chicago Institute of Medicine, and was president of numerous other societiesduring his active career. He was joint editor of theJournal of Infectious Diseases with Dr. Ludwig Hektoen.Dr. Jordan was born July 28, 1866, in Thomaston,Maine. He took his B. S. at Massachusetts Institute ofTechnology in 1888, and his Ph. D. from Clark University, Worcester, Mass., in 1892. He worked also at thePasteur Institute, Paris. The University of Cincinnaticonferred the honorary degree of Sc. D. on him in 1920.Although he achieved distinction as a bacteriologist, Dr.Jordan's formal training was in zoology, in which subject he took his Doctorate. For two years, from 1888 to1890, he was chief assistant biologist, the MassachusettsState Board of Health. In 1892 he came to the University of Chicago as an associate in anatomy, becomingan instructor the next year. In 1895 he was appointedAssistant Professor of Bacteriology, his departmentbeing given space in a basement room of Kent ChemistryLaboratory. In 1907 he was appointed a full professor,and was chairman of the department from 1914 until1933, when he became emeritus.Dr. Jordan married Elsie Fay Pratt, who survives,in 1893. Their children are Henry Donaldson, professorof history at Clark University; Edwin Pratt, physicianof Chicago, and member of the Rush faculty, who livesat 1080 Crescent Lane, Winnetka, and Lucia Elisabeth, who is the wife of Dr. Charles L. Dunham, assistant inmedicine in the University Clinics, whose home is at5639 Kenwood Ave.Myra Reynolds, professor emeritus of English, diedin Los Angeles August 20. Professor Reynolds hadbeen a member of the University of Chicago faculty from1894 until her retirement in 1923. She also was headof Foster Hall from its opening in 1893 until her retirement. She was born in Troupsburg, New York, March18, 1853, and was educated at Vassar college and theUniversity of Chicago, receiving her Ph. D. degree fromthe latter institution in 1895. Before her appointment• to the Chicago faculty she had taught at Wells Collegeand Vassar. She was the author of several studies onpoetry, chiefly of poets of the early nineteenth century.Since her retirement, Miss Reynolds had made her homewith her sister, Dr. Emily Reynolds, former Presidentof Rockford College, at Palos Verdes Estates, Pasadena.News Notes at RandomMaude Slye, Associate Professor of Pathology, tookher first "vacation" from her laboratory in thirty yearsto attend the International Congress for the Control ofCancer at Brussels in mid-September, to report thereand to other European medical groups on her researchesin hereditary factors in the incidence of cancer. . . .Samuel N. Harper, Professor of Russian Languages andInstitutions, is making one of his periodic trips to Russia,the seventeenth in a series started thirty-seven years ago.He will be in Moscow this month to attend the sessionsof the constitutional convention. . . . His pursuit of thepituitary glands of whales took Dr. E. M. K. Geiling,Chairman of the Department of Pharmacology, fromQueen Charlotte Island, northwest of Vancouver, acrossthe continent to the junction of the St. Lawrence andSaginaw rivers at Tadoussac, two hundred miles northof Quebec. In the St. Lawrence, small whales are killedby the fishermen and can be brought immediately toshore, an item of interest to Dr. Geiling because of thechanges occurring in the glands after death. . . . CharlesE. Merriam, Morton D. Hull Distinguished Service Professor of Political Science, spent the summer in Europestudying political conditions, returning with the opinionthat war is dangerously near. He returned on the Hin-denburg, a fellow passenger being Max Schmeling, withwhom the political scientist analyzed his then recent victory over Joe Louis. . . . William H. Spencer, Dean ofthe School of Business, is on leave doing research workat the London School of Economics. . . . William D.Harkins, Andrew MacLeish Distinguished Service Professor of Chemistry, is at Cornell University for the firstsemester, giving the George L. Baker lectures. Twohonor students, Charles J. Tressler and Fred Fowkes,accompanied him to assist in experiments to determinewhether "molecules stand on edge or lie flat" on surfaces.. . . Dr. Albert T. Olmstead, Professor of Oriental History, is at the American School of Oriental Research thisyear, as holder of an annual professorship. . . . WernerW. Jaeger, the distinguished classicist, is delivering theGifford lectures in National Theology at St. AndrewsUniversity, Scotland.THE CAMPUS DISSENTER•By SAM HAIR, '35THE University is surging once more with thethrongs of scholars and novitiates swarming acrossthe greensward, through its dimmed corridors intothe classrooms, therein to discover . . . what? Perhapsthe rest is up to them, although it might be conceded thatthere is some slight dependence on what Herr Professorhas to say.Academic endeavor, however, is somewhat obscuredby political campaigning and amateur prognostication asto the future of the Presidency of the United States andthe football team, each in its own sphere the source ofmuch discussion.Not because they are aping the pagan habits of theCaesars of the Continent, but because of the penetrationof politics in this country through the vast communica-tional advances, the age limit of campaign workers nowis practically without limit. The Chicago student is notforced to join an American Avanguardisti, but he mayfollow along with the Young Republicans or the Roosevelt for President clubs. Back so very many years ago,when the Ten Commandments and William JenningsBryan were still alive and famous, the youth of the landwas either in bed or gawking out the window at thetorchlight parade, whereas now they outdo the best campaigning efforts of the oldsters of that time. Furthermore, the scrambling hurry-worry of the business worldmakes the business man tend more to mind his business.The students have not only the time but the inclinationto take up the issue and fight it out among themselves.The prevailing sentiment of the undergraduate bodypolitic will be revealed in a straw vote on the five presidential nominees, conducted by members of the Maroon,Phoenix, American Student Union, and the Departmentof Sociology's Professor Stouffer. Campus campaigning,therefore, directed along characteristic political lines, willhave sufficient stumping, shouting, and grade-A vitriolto make it interesting, and the voting scientifically conducted so that the result will be indicative in some degreeof actual returns from the student voters in November.More important, the voting at either time may be moreintelligent, if such is the virtue in voting, due to the presentation of varied views and the clarification of issues inthe symposia conducted by the aforementioned groupspreceding the straw vote. At a meeting in Mandel Hallon the 14th of October, presided over by ProfessorLasswell of Political Science, five parties were represented — Democratic, Republican, Socialist, Communist,and Prohibition — by speakers from the upper ranks ofthe city headquarters of each party.# * *The opening of the quarter saw two of the campuspublications appearing not only in all their former glory,but with more glory than many had anticipated. TheDaily Maroon, with the Travelling Bazaar and the editorial page back in their accustomed niches, turned out to be more than a campus bulletin board, with its dignified yet actually vivid presentation of the news — a difficult job on any campus and especially here. A large andpraiseworthy issue appeared on the opening day ofFreshman Week, in which the frosh found much material of informational and opinion value. The lavishpromises of the Maroon staff seem to have some degreeof foundation, as indicated by that and the subsequentissues.The Phoenix, bigger and better, appeared shortlybefore school started, had a good sale, and almost everyone has forgotten about its undistinguished namesake ofa year ago. Despite the fact that its self-effacing editorswrote most of the magazine, it stands as evidence of amore concerted and painstaking effort to produce aperiodical worthy of its background and suitable as avehicle for the variegated talent not only of the staff butof the student body.* * *The University's seventeen fraternities now are in thethroes of rushing under the deferred system. The newAssistant Dean of Students, Leon P. Smith, has madehis stand an unequivocal one with regard to the rushingregulations, promising strict enforcement to the letter ofthe rule. The fraternities, many of them struggling forexistence, will be benefited, by and large, if they doadhere to the rules, but the average number of pledgestaken by each house possibly will be less than usual.The number of fraternities on campus has decreasedfrom twenty-nine in 1929 to seventeen at the presenttime. It has become quite obvious to the writer thatunder existing conditions there is a place for perhapsfour or five groups rather than many smaller organizations who find it increasingly difficult to maintain themselves in a solvent condition, and function as the chapters of national fraternities should functon.* sjc *As for our neophyte class — vintage 1940 — no soonerhad they arrived on campus, presumably to go to school,than the sophomore class decided that their inferiorsshould be designated as such and passed an edict, orbull, to the effect that a tradition, discarded these manyyears, would be revived — and that, all frosh must bedeckthemselves with the green caps prescribed therein. Thetrouble-searching sophs found what they were after,for the proud freshmen firmly resisted, and issued a defiof their own, expressing resentment and voicing threatsof retaliation, immediate and terrible. Result: (a) froshand sophs intermittently have tossed each other in theBotany pond ; (b) the green caps have been conspicuousby their absence.* * * *The Communists have one less flaying point now thatour ROTC artillery unit has been removed a couple ofhundred miles to Michigan State College, and with itmust expire the plutocratic polo team.23NEWS OF THE \*Jacob Viner wfte,Mcamera was only on,sand spectators at j Bisome relief in viewi«qaAmerican sport after tgreat world ^¦¦'Phones rang, newshawks scurried about, ancampus wondered and worried at the hint froDaily Maroon that Robert Hutchins might beYale's next president. Hutchins poo-pooe<rumor and obliged a student photograph'signing his name with his eyes closed — just tothat it could be done.f The big drum andthe band turn outto entertain thecrowd at the halfof the season'sfirst game. Finalscore: Lawrence0, Maroons 34. <*?>?<c,es^AONTH IN PICTURESaught by the candid, among several thou-lig Ten game. He findsa more or less "simple"trying to interpret thene of Economics.nd theom thelecomeed theher byto show Ulrich Middeldorf left theKunsthistorisches Institutin Florence, where he wasassistant director andtrustee, to join ' the University art faculty. He isconsidered an outstanding authority on Renaissance art, particularlyfrom the Florentine angle.VV\vo\a keV'^V^ o"i *\V\\OpAs Orientation week was in progress this group picture of highschool valedictorians enteringwith the class of '40 was taken.VA V°V ,e*'%Tf§k>"l»***>»';*6' >*&:VV^VSM&SATHLETICS•By JOHN P. HOWE, '27Scores of the MonthFootballChicago, 34; Lawrence, 0Chicago, 0; Vanderbilt, 37Chicago, 6; Butler, 6The Schedule RemainingOct. 17 — Purdue at ChicagoOct. 31 — Wisconsin at MadisonNov. 7 — Ohio State at ColumbusNov. 14 — Indiana at ChicagoNov. 21— Illinois at ChicagoTHIS is written on the eve of the Chicago-Purduegame. The mood is one of sadness and wonder.The Maroon squad this year has been conspicuous chiefly for the absence of Jay Berwanger. The redoubtable "Dutchman" still gallops across the varsitypractice field, but now, as an assistant coach, againstthe varsity during defensive drills.The starting squad numbered forty men. This groupincluded ten lettermen, ten reserves from last season,fourteen sophomores and half-a-dozen recruits at-large.At this writing one regular, Halfback Ned Bartlett, isout for the season because of injury, and a potentialregular, Norman Joffee, sophomore guard, is out witha broken leg. Three other regulars, Halfback FredLehnhardt, Guard Clarence Wright and QuarterbackLewis Hamity, have less lethal ailments. Thus themood of sadness.Pre-season opinion was that Chicago would have acompetent first-string line, experienced and fairly heavybut as usual without adequate second-string support.The backfield, despite the graduation of Berwanger, wasrated the bright spot because of the return of four letter-men and the advent of a group of promising sophomores.Perhaps half a dozen men who might have seen actionfailed to attain eligibility, but this loss was discounted,and partially offset by unexpected recruits.After three non-conference games the line seems lesspotent than had been hoped, and the backfield, riddledwith injury, lacks versatility and reserve strength.Ahead loom Purdue, Wisconsin, Ohio State, Indianaand Illinois.The Lawrence game was a cheerful affair. The scorewas 34 to 0, and it seemed almost as though the Maroons were out to show the world that there was to be,after Jay Beiwanger, no deluge. But Lawrence, thoughit came down from Wisconsin with a creditable record,was very weak. Lawrence's total gain on running playswas 7 yards, and the total losses 38 yards, due to rushing of the passers. One disturbing statistic was the 15passes Lawrence completed. Ned Bartlett was thebright particular hero of the game. He carried the ballonly 6 times but averaged 14 yards a crack and scored two touchdowns. This performance was reminiscentof his first big game, against Michigan two years ago,when he ran the Wolverines dizzy and scored two touchdowns within six minutes. A week after the Lawrencegame he suffered a concussion diving for a Vanderbiltrunner, and, although there have been no untowardafter-effects, Dr. Charles Shannon, team physician, decided to obviate the dangers of such another injury byruling him off the roster. This was hard on Bartlett,for after nearly two seasons of in-and-out performancehe seemed headed for a season that would capitalize hisconsiderable talents and justify the excitement generated by that Michigan episode. It was a blow to theteam also, for Bartlett was the only genuine triple-threatin the backfield.Touchdowns against Lawrence were made also bythose sturdy, dependable veterans, Fullback WarrenSkoning and Halfback Fred Lehnhardt, and by SollieSherman, sophomore halfback who may prove to be themost effective ball-carrier the Maroons have.Vanderbilt's victory over the Maroons was just asconvincing as the score; the score might have beengreater had Vanderbilt used its regulars throughout.The Nashville eleven, one of the South's potent teams,and at midseason form, brought up a line that outweighed Chicago's forwards and a collection of lightbacks faster afoot than any Maroon. For its part Chicago made errors on offense and defense which werepartly attributable to lack of spring practice. Two Vanderbilt touchdowns followed "breaks," one of them amis-pass from center by Chicago which the Commodoresrecovered on Chicago's 5-yard line, another an interception when Chicago, trailing by a wide margin, tried apass from its own goal line. Some Chicago followerswere dismayed when Vanderbilt was beaten the following week by little Southwestern College. This latterbusiness should not be taken too seriously. For onething, Vanderbilt requires a dry, fast field for its end-sweeps, quick-opening plays and bullet passes, and theSouthwestern game was played in a downpour. Foranother thing, some of Vanderbilt's best players wereabsent "scouting" Georgia Tech. Those who saw theVanderbilt-Chicago game were convinced that the Maroons had succumbed to one of the finest teams in thecountry.The scrappy Butler University team, coached by PaulHinkle, Maroon alumnus, played the Maroons on eventerms to a 6 to 6 tie. Game statistics were remarkablyalike for both teams. The Butler tally was made possible by a 45-yard off-tackle dash by Halfback Welton.Chicago's score followed shortly after a 40-yard gainmanuevered by two sophomores. Morton Goodsteinbowled through tackle for 8 yards and lateraled to Harvey Lawson, who was loose for 32 yards. The touchdown was rammed over by Duke Skoning. Butler,26THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 27champion of the Indiana Intercollegiate League fortwo years, has occasionally beaten Big Ten teams.Chicago's starting line includes only one sophomoreand averages 195 lbs. in weight. The ends, both rangylads, are Bill Gillerlain, a senior, and Kendall Petersen, a junior, who is the third of three brothers to playend for the Maroons. These men are competentlyunderstudied by Bob Fitzgerald, who doubles as a halfback, and Carl Frick, a transfer student who unfortunately has been injured during the early part of theseason. The tackle posts seem to be the team's weakspot. First-string men are the spirited veteran EarlSappington, who has been handicapped by a recurringshoulder ailment, and Bob Johnson, a husky but greensophomore. Their substitutes are all of them reservesof previous years, George Antonic, Jerome Sivesind,Henry Cutter and Ed Thompson, and they are shorton game experience. The guard posts would seem tobe well manned, with four veterans, Co-Captain PrescottJordan, Clarence Wright, Harmon Meigs and Bill Bos-worth, the first three of whom are lettermen, availablefor action. Co-Captain Sam Whiteside is the center,with Sophomore Dick Wheeler as first reserve.Except for the loss of Bartlett, and Fred Lehnhardt'sankle-sprain, the backfield situation is not bad. Thesophomores seem to be living up to their promise; certainly there should be two first-year men in the back-field most of the time, despite the fact that four back-field lettermen of last season survive. The heavy-dutyassignment, which might be called blocking quarterback,but which is called simply "No. 3" by the players, apparently will be divided equally between Morton Goodstein and Lewis Hamity, both rugged sophomores. Thispost usually involves backing the line on defense, andthere is nothing either of them likes better than a goodshot at a runner. Goodstein has great general promise, and has done particularly well as a pass-receiver.Hamity specializes in distance passing, and has poiseand accuracy.The left halfback post, which carries the chief ball-carrying assignment, is divided between Omar Fareed,who has lost none of the sparkle and dash which markedhis play last year, and Sollie Sherman. SophomoreSherman, who led the city prep league in scoring threeyears ago, has the best ground-gaining average on thesquad thus far. He doesn't look elusive, but managesconsistently to wriggle away from tacklers. Both Fareedand Sherman are good passers, and can throw accurately on the run. Sophomore Harvey Lawson, whodoes a good many things well, will also be useful, although he lacks weight.Right halfback is divided between Lehnhardt, a goodconsistent player, and Bob Fitzgerald, who has lots offight and ability. Both are juniors and both are punters.The dependable Warren Skoning is first fullback. Heis backed up by Ed Valorz, sophomore who went to thefinals of the Olympic wrestling tryouts this June, andwho has promise but lacks experience.* * *The Vanderbilt and Butler results served to revivetalk of the general status of Maroon football, and spec ulation as to its future, speculation which has been dormant during the heyday of Jay Berwanger. It does notseem likely, in the discernible future, that Chicago willreturn to those days of football prosperity which sawthe Maroons compile a record second only to that ofMichigan in the Big Ten. Last year the Maroonsdefeated two ancient and honorable Conference opponents, and finished the season in the precise middle of theConference ratings. The outlook for the next five yearscertainly would seem better than that of the ebb years,the five seasons 1928-1932 inclusive, when Chicago wononly three Big Ten matches; no dramatic action seemsindicated.The comparative shortage of squad material at theMidway is obviously one large aspect of the problem.Most Conference members have freshman squads ofwell above one hundred this autumn, and in some casesfar above one hundred. Chicago has about fifty menon its freshman squad, which has been the usual number for some years.Coach Shaughnessy is more inclined to bemoan thelack of practice than the lack of numbers. Most successful teams receive most of their drill on individualtechnique and their rehearsal of the fundamentals ofoffensive and defensive team tactics during the longspring-practice sessions. In some cases this begins inFebruary and continues into May. This year springpractice at the Midway consisted of exactly sixteen sessions, attended by an average of twenty men. Onereason is that the all-important comprehensive examinations take place in May, and there is a natural tendency,Maroon BackfieldShows how it is done. Left to right, Ned Bartlet, left half;Omar Fareed, quarter; Warren Skoning, fullback; and FredLehnhardt, right half.where weekly and quarterly requirements are notstressed throughout the year, for undergraduates to letwork pile up until spring. Another matter that disturbs Mr. Shaughnessy is the comparative youth of hissquad. Because of its high entrance requirements Chicago tends to select an undergraduate body that isyounger, class for class, than those of its neighbors. Its28 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEstudents passed through grade school and high schoolmore quickly than their fellows. Thus there were three18-year-olds in the Chicago starting lineup against Butler, whereas no starting Butler man was under 20. Atthat age-level one or two years makes a considerabledifference in physical maturity, Shaughnessy points out.Chicago has far fewer men available for athleticsthan enrollment figures would indicate. This autumnthere are 3,147 undergraduates on the quadrangles, ofwhom 1,903 are men; of the latter number about 450Head Men Talkit over. Co-Captains Sam Whiteside and Prescott Jordon discussan impending game with Head Coach Clark Shaughnessy andAssistant Coach, AU-American Jay Berwanger.are freshmen, who are not available for varsity competition. But another factor is usually overlooked : a verysizeable proportion of Chicago's undergraduate body iscomposed of "transfer" students who have had one ormore years of college work elsewhere; during the lastacademic year 64.1% of all bachelors' degrees conferredwere granted to students who had had college workbefore coming to the Midway. Transfer students, likefreshmen, must put in a probationary year before theybecome eligible for athletics. Usually their availabilityis limited to one year. In sports like football one yearis insufficient for learning effectively a complex systemof tactics; there are only two transfer students on thesquad this fall. Subtract then, transfer students in theirfirst year, and subtract another hundred or more whoare scholastically ineligible, and the number of menavailable for intercollegiate athletics is well under athousand. At the bigger state institutions the numberis three or four times that. Chicago's twelve intercollegiate teams draw a total of more than two hundred candidates. Allowing for duplications, this meansthat one in every half-dozen students available for athletics is a member of some varsity squad. Surely sucha high percentage is desirable; certainly it indicates nolack of interest in athletic competition.Another question is the caliber of the football material,as distinguished from numbers. Chicago's high entrance standards, high eligibility standards, and hightuition rates obviously are factors. Athletes are not stupid, but the amount of time they devote to athletics,especially if they are "all-around" performers, sometimes detracts from their academic performance. Thereare instances of young men who were refused admission at Chicago going elsewhere to star; there are noexamples of the reverse we can think of. One youngman whom the newspapers describe as the outstandingprospect among 160-odd freshmen at a Big Ten institution was turned down at the Midway this autumn. Also,athletes are apt to have insufficient financial support.Schools of physical education, which train coaches andathletic directors, attract some gifted athletes. Chicagois one of the few Conference institutions which maintains no physical education school. It cannot give academic credit for laboratory courses in the theory andpractice of football.Then there is the matter of proselyting and subsidizing athletes. No Big Ten institution proselytes orsubsidizes. To varying extents, unofficially and informally, alumni help athletes. Probably there is tacitacceptance of this practice at some institutions. Theconventional picture of a network of alumni spottingprep athletes and luring them with promises, such aswas suggested in last month's "March of Time" news-reel, is probably overdrawn; for one thing alumni areapt to be poor judges of talent. Still, if a group of enthusiastic alumni can produce half a dozen crack playersa year, this may mean the difference between championship and the cellar. Chicago has no such organizationof alumni, possibly because so many of its alumni wereonce "transfer students" (three-fourths of all graduatestudents are "transfer students") and therefore havedivided loyalties when it comes to the football type ofsentiment, possibly because their interests are moremature.Chicago will continue to take a sane attitude towardathletics. The Midway does attract able young men, fordespite its handicaps, Chicago had the average team ofthe Big Ten last year, not the poorest team. Chicago'sguiding principle is that support of athletics is justifiedto the extent that athletics contribute toward educationand toward general health. Its belief that athletics dohave educational value is proved strikingly in its willingness to underwrite athletic department deficits outof general university funds. Despite deficits the University maintains a full complement of "minor sports"teams which do not pay for themselves, and it is encouraging the development of others; last year, for example, a rifle team and an ice-hockey team. It may ormay not be significant that Chicago excels in thosesports that attract the least publicity and the least gate-receipts, such as fencing, gymnastics, tennis, water polo.The two-year honor scholarships have helped Maroon athletics. These scholarships are awarded to entering freshmen men on the basis of scholarship, leadershipin school activities, and general personal qualifications.The minimum scholastic requirement for honor-scholarship consideration is that the candidate must have graduated in the upper one-third of his class; in practicethe applications are so numerous that the winners almost invariably are drawn from among those whoTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 29finished in the upper one-tenth of their high school classes.The scholarships are administered by a faculty committee which has no particular interest in athletics. Atleast half have been awarded to editors, debaters, musicians but the committee does consider athletic participation in high school as one evidence of potential leadership. Many undergraduates, including some athletes,o-et jobs around the University; none is assured of ajob in advance.The general program of the athletic department callsfor a reduction of the varsity football schedule fromeight to seven games, four of which will be Conferencematches. - An additional game, exclusively for membersof a "B" team, is planned. Alumni and players seemto feel that annual games with Michigan, Wisconsinand Illinois would be desirable, with the fourth Big Tengame drawn from among the others ; and that two inter-sectional games, one "practice" game and a possible"B" team game might well be scheduled to complete thecard. For next year the six major opponents havealready been scheduled, an imposing array consistingof Princeton, Wisconsin, Vanderbilt, Ohio State, Michigan and Illinois.Last February President Hutchins, replying to alumniquestions at the annual Midwinter Assembly, had thisto say about athletics at Chicago :"The future of intercollegiate athletics at Chicago depends partly on what the University does and partlyon what other institutions do. The University will beconsistent. It will not depart from its principles togain athletic success. It will conduct the athletic department like every other department of the University,and will maintain athletic teams as part of its educationalprogram. It will not subsidize athletes; it will notdiscriminate against them."To the extent to which other institutions in this region adopt the principles of the University of Chicago this university will be more and more successful inintercollegiate competition. If other universities donot adopt these principles, the University of Chicagocan hope to be no more successful in the future than ithas been in the past. It is my belief that in spite of thetemporary setbacks produced by the depression, the general trend is toward the adoption of the practices ofthe University of Chicago and that the future of intercollegiate athletics at the University is brighter than ithas been."This Era of Uncertainty(Continued from Page 7)faced frankly and in the spirit of cooperative adjustment their differences in social theory and experience.There are, as I have tried to show, hopeful evidencesof the beginnings of invention in education. If in thissphere of unobtrusive but highly significant social adjustment new forces can be released and effective organizations can be developed, we are justified in hopingthat the uncertainties and incoordinations which besetindustry, commerce and government will disappear. Thesubtle attitudes and modes of thinking of a nation arethe sources and guides of national behavior. While theexternal manifestations of life can be more readily observed and described than can the psychological forceswhich prompt action, the true center of human life isin the world of intelligence. If confusion and uncertainty are corrected in men's thinking, their activitieswill take on order and effectiveness. Their economicand political relations will reflect the clarity of theirintellectual insights.— HOMECOMING PROGRAM —Friday, November 203:30 P. M. Victory Vanities sponsored by Skull and Crescent in Mandel Hall.(Skits and acts given by fraternities and Girls' clubs, also cheers and songs. Prizefor best act.)8:00 P. M. Rally and bonfire in the Circle with band, parade, and speeches by downtown staffof coaches and others.9:00 P. M. Homecoming Dance in Ida Noyes Hall. Roy Lind's Orchestra. Sponsored byIron Mask. Admission 40c per man, ladies free.Saturday, November 2110:30 A M. Judging of fraternity house decorations.2:00 P. M. Football Game. Chicago vs. Illinois.Between halves of game, award of prizes for winning decoration and winning actin Vanities.WINDS OVER THE CAMPUSA Review• By CARL H. GRABO, '03, Associate Professor of EnglishAuthorPROFESSOR LINN'S latest novel,Winds Over the Campus, is a muchbetter book than the earlier ThisWas Life; more interesting as a storyand vastly richer in its social background and the author's commentthereon. Indeed, as depicted in ThisWas Life the University's connectionwith the social and economic sceneforty years ago was academic and remote. In the interval the University hasbecome an intimate and important partof the city's life, the subject of violentattack and the theme of controversy.Professor Linn's novel gives a thinlyveiled history of the circumstanceswhich led to the famous State Senateinquiry into the alleged subversiveteaching of the University.His characters in their relation tothese events and in their comments uponthem exemplify certain typical responsesof student, teacher, and non-universitycritic to the questions, How free shouldthe individual teacher be to express outside the classroom socially heretical beliefs? What may the University properly teach its students ? What, in short,is the University's job?The reactionary point of view is expressed in part by the North Shorefriends of Professor Grant, the elderlyhero of the story. One lady causticallyasks what the "universities have everdone but take the money of the rich tospend it on hoi polloi?" She opinesthat the rich will cease to be generous.Universities are, for her, in some unintelligible fashion responsible for or committed to the New Deal. If the President "wants class warfare instead ofdemocracy, government by the dole willcertainly bring it on. I don't believe indoles, even to the universities." Another conservative asks, "Is it a fact,General Randolph, that there are eleventhousand old army rifles hidden on theSouth Side, in the possession of theCommunists?" When Professor Grantdoubts mildly whether Russian money"has paid for even one rifle in the United States," he is answered thus:"Oh, we all know what you professorsthink. . . . Brain trusters for the administration and rifles for the Communists are both part of your conception offree speech. What's the" Constitutionamong friends?"Professor Grant's colleagues are noless frank and not much more polite indenouncing the few among them whoby radical utterances have broughtcriticism upon the University. "Outhere," says one, "we talk too much. . . .I am talking of those who do not stayin their own fields. They say — what dothey say? . . . When they are not right,it is not they who are blamed, it is theUniversity." All believe that the rashspeakers cost the University much inthe loss of gifts. Grant responds that"if the University attempts to shut aman up, the man ceases to be of hishighest possible value to the University,for a University is and can be nothingbut a collection of thinkers. If the University does not shut a man up, in somecases it is likely to be expensive, so faras gifts are concerned. Which is themore expensive, to forfeit gifts of teaching and research, or to forfeit gifts forteaching and research?" The facultygroup while not denying the right offree speech either to student or teacherargue that the right should be exercisedwith discretion and that anyone whogets unfavorable notoriety because ofhis radical remarks deserves a "kick inthe pants." Professor Grant, whoseopinions on these issues are somewhatvariable, thinks there is something tobe said for this point of view.Professor Grant is himself expressiveof the middle-of-the-road liberal philosophy which finds favor neither with reactionaries nor radicals. He urges hisyoung Communist friend, Lamar, toplay football and thus earn a favorablepublic opinion so that if his assault upona policeman is brought home to him theUniversity will not be so much on thespot. Lamar wishes to give himself upbut Grant argues that to do so wouldbe to advance the Communist cause onlyslightly and might cost the University agood deal. He prevails upon the youngman to follow the safe course. But Lamar nevertheless has little use forGrant's philosophy : "He's a liberal. Hewants all pleasant ends, but will use noharsh means." Lamar believe in "drastic social change — social revolution."Only thus can conditions so be alteredas to raise the proportion of normal,clear-thinking people to the "fools, dullards, criminals" who constitute 99 per cent of the population. "About one percent . . . have a perception of the greatergood, and they realize that the greatergood will never come through hopes,and dreams, and idealism, and all thatnonsense. . . . The greater good isn'tgoing to come without a fight." Grantbelieves and says that it is "the wholeduty of the University to promote thinking and research." If, says Lamar,Grant is sincere in this, he "must admit the possibility that thinking and research would bring us to a belief in the(necessity of revolution." But this possibility Grant does not admit.Professor Grant is an agreeablemouthpiece for the liberal point of view,unjustifiably hopeful amid the ever-darkening social scene. He has his pessimistic moments when he doubtswhether among the ten thousand students in his classes over a period offorty years there has been even onewhom he has taught anything. Hedoubts whether the University promotes"discipline of thought." He asks indeedwhether the students are capable of it —"Lazy thinkers, greedy thinkers, sloppythinkers, dirty thinkers." And he wonders sometimes whether the universitiesand colleges are anything more than social clubs. With all the increase in endowments and the greater cost of instruction, is the "University any moreefficient than once?" These are doubtsinevitable to any teacher of many yearsand do honor to his sincerity. Yet hisprevailing mood is more optimistic. Heconcludes that the University has "induced hundreds of thousands of youngCriticpeople to think about life instead of taking life for granted. What conclusionsthey came to did not make much difference." He conceives of education as aprocess whose "ends were the individuals who subjected themselves to theprocess."30THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 31The reader will perhaps pin morefaith to Professor Grant's pessimismthan to his optimism. Grant proclaimswith a fine gesture, "How I think is thebusiness of the University, but what Ithink is not the business of the University. It would at once cease to be aneducational institution." The how andthe what are not in practice so easilydistinguished. All thinking is, indeed,more a matter of premises than of logical processes based upon them. Grantedthe premises the same logical processesmay lead to fascism, Marxian socialism,or Calvinism). Moreover, society atlarge, casting its critical eye upon theUniversity, cares not at all how it thinksbut what. Provided the University declares itself in line with the dominantpower, whether of church, state, or industry, it will be approved however illogical the processes by which itachieves conformity. And if it is heretical the finest logical defences will notsave it. The world, as Professor Grantprobably knows well enough, is not governed by reason.Academic distinctions between whatthe teacher may say in the classroomand what in his capacity as citizen ceaseto mean anything in times of bigotryand intolerance. Nazi Germany hasmade short work of such nonsense. Under a dictator unpalatable truth may notbe told either in the classroom or elsewhere. What manifestly, to any sanemind, is untruth must be taught instead.The natural scientists of this country,irritated by the free speaking of our social scientists which has brought criticism upon universities and the threat ofcensorship, should observe that they tooare not safe from coercion. In Germanuniversities strange things are taughtabout the Aryan and the unique character of his blood stream. There is even,we read, a non-Semitic brand of physicswhich ignores Einstein. We, happily,have reached no such extremity as yet,but to the degree that intolerance growsamong us the teacher, whether in theclassroom or without, will be hamperedin his expression of what he believes tobe the truth — in the statement, that is.of facts — however innocent he may beof propaganda or of affiliation with minority parties.Professor Grant never quite comes togrips with the implications of his faithin truth. He exclaims, "How little thefools understand the necessity, the vitality, of truth ! ... Or determination tocomprehend truth." Character, he says,depends on this determination. Admittedly. But the search for truth demandsthe skeptical mind, a mind which questions all beliefs, all dogmas, all institutions and has faith in nothing but thenecessity of honesty to itself. Its philosophy is pure anarchism! : It believes inthe innate equality of all truths and allseekers after truth ; and it acknowledgesno subservience to the doctrines ofchurch, state, or vested privilege. Butthough it teach no doctrines, espouse no causes, it nevertheless is a menace to allwho in their power seek to coerceothers. If, incorporate as a university,it does its job properly, its graduateswill be critical-minded men, not yesmen. The more they have learned tothink for themselves, the less easily willthey be coerced either by dictators ordemagogues and the less easily deceivedby lies and propaganda. It is the critical and open mind, not any body of beliefs, or any avowed social or religiousphilosophy, which is the enemy tovested power in whatever form. Vestedpower seeking to perpetuate itself resists the forces which would change itand denies the inevitability of change;whereas the free university and the freemind accept change as the law of theuniverse and make its processes theirstudy.The reader of Professor Linn's novelwill, I believe, sympathize with hishero's laudable desire for a free university devoted solely to the pursuit oftruth but which nevertheless excites nopersecution by the police nor alienatesthe benefactions of the wealthy. If bykeeping our mouths closed out of theclassrooms, though speaking freelytherein, so great an end could bereached, most teachers, however givento unpopular causes, would willinglycomply. But we should in fact gainnothing but a reputation for hypocrisyand timidity. The "free thinker," asthe quaint term: has it, will always befound out and harried when heresyhunting is the sport of the day.Winds Over the Campus, in the persons of its various characters presentsseveral points of view, no single one ofwhich can be taken as the author's. Yetthe emphasis upon Professor Grant andhis liberal opinions is justification forconsidering him and them as first in theauthor's eye. His opinions are fairlyrepresentative, too, of the open-mindedteachers constituting the majority ofour college and university staffs, menwho cherish their freedom of thoughtand speech and are averse to all politicalextremes, whether reactionary or radical. That a middle ground, however admirable in itself, is tenable amid thepressures of our time, many of liberalmind begin to doubt. Perhaps ProfessorLinn will write a third novel on the college theme five years from now, whenwe shall know more surely whether wemust turn fascist or communist orwhether a revival of democracy is togrant us a further lease of freedom.PUERTO RICOALUMNITHE visit of Dr. William S. Gray toPuerto Rico was made the occasionof a reunion of the University of Chicago Alumni in Puerto Rico, with Dr.and Mrs. Gray, Gracie and Buddy, andDr. and Mrs. Padin, guests of honor.A luncheon was given at the Condado Hotel, on the shore of the Atlantic, oneof Puerto Rico's most beautiful spots,on March 23, 1936. The table in theform of a hollow square was artisticallydecorated with a profusion of flowerswhich bloom throughout the year inPuerto Rico.Miss Elsie Mae Willsey was mistressof ceremones. Miss Celestina Zaldu-ondo (social service department) delighted the audience and demonstratedbilingualisnl (which had been the topicof Dr. Gray's study) by singing first inEnglish, then in Spanish. Mrs. Camara,a friend, was at the piano. Speakerswho related experiences while on thecampus were : Dr. Gildo Masso, AM'22,Dean of Administration, University ofPuerto Rico: Mr. Pedro A. Cebollero,AM'29, Assistant Commissioner of Education ; Mr. Facundo Bueso, SM'29, Assistant Professor in Physics, U. P. R.;Mrs. Raquel R. Dexter, SM'29, Instructor in Biology, U. P. R.; Dr. E. Fer-nandez-Garcia, MD'15, representingmedical alumni; Mr. J. M. Rolon,PhB'26, Principal, Cayey High School,who made a strong plea for a permanentalumni organization in Puerto Rico. Allpresent enthusiastically agreed.Dr. Jose Padin, Commissioner ofEducation, summed up the comments ofothers as they contributed to developments in Puerto Rico, and pointed outhow much Dr. Gray's visit had meantto all groups of teachers.Dr. Gray brought to the group thenews of the campus, and recent developments of interest to those present. Healso commented on the large number ofpositions of importance in the educational and other fields in Puerto Ricoheld by U. of C. alumni and former students.A check on diploma dates showedhome economics held the oldest and theyoungest, represented by Miss ElsieMae Willsey, PhB' 13, Supervisor ofVocational Home Economics for theIsland, and Miss Berta Cabanillas,SM'35, instructor in Home Economics,U. P. R.Others present were: Mr. J. C.Thomas, PhB'27, Art Department, U.P. R., and Mrs. Thomas; Mr. J. P.Blanco, summer, 1935, General Superintendent of English for the Island;Mrs. Herbert Russell (Kate Vick),homemaker; Mr. J. F. Maura, summer,1925, Registrar, U. P. R. ; Mr. Oscar F.Porrata, AM'34, Supervisor of RuralSchools of the Island; Mrs. AntonioMarquez (Esther Cressy), PhB'25,Member Engish Committee, Departmentof Education, San Juan, also Teacherof High School subjects, Caguas, P. R.;Mr. Clyde Fischer, SB'33, AM'35, HighSchools of the Island; Mrs. AntonioRosa Marina Torres, summer, 1929,Home Economics Instructor, U. P. R.Having learned that there are manymore "Chicago" people on the Island,it was decided to work up a roster andproceed to the formation of a permanent organization.NEWS OF THE CLASSESCOLLEGE1868Elon N. Lee celebrated his 96thbirthday on May 15, 1936. He is thelast Civil War veteran in Webster City,Iowa, and possibly in Hamilton County.1895The Woman's Club of Breckenridge,Colorado, headed by Gertrude DormanPhillips (Mrs. Ferdinand S.) raisedthe flag of the United States over whatis designated, on certain governmentmaps, as "No Man's Land" and formally claimed it as territory of the UnitedStates of America, one Saturday afternoon last August.1903C. B. Mathews, recently electedpresident of the Newnan Rotary Club,is superintendent of the Public Schoolsof Newnan, Georgia.1906The tenth anniversary of ElizabethMunger' s superintendency of the statefarm for women at Niantic, was celebrated on the Fourth of July by a colorful parade, entertainment and picnicgiven by the staff and girls of the farm."A system of classification of inmates,which is approved by all progressivepenologists, was begun by Miss Mungerand has been carried on since 1926.The prison women from Wethersneldwere transferred to the state farm in1930 and all women prisoners of thestate have been cared for at the statefarm since that time."The population of the state farm hastrebled since 1926, and the system ofclassification has made it possible forthis institution to care for 1,635 womenduring Miss Munger's ten years assuperintendent."1908Director of the Winnetka PublicSchool Nursery for the last nine years,Rose Haas Alschuler (Mrs. AlfredS.) has also been directing the ChicagoNursery Schools operating under theW.P.A. since December, 1933. Houghton Mifflin last month published herbook, "Play, The Child's Response toLife."Formerly Business Manager of TheChristian Herald and later AssistantGeneral Manager of the Conde NastPublications, Inc., Luther Dana Fer-nald, ex, has been appointed Advertising Director of the Farm Journal,with headquarters in Philadelphia c/oCurtis Publishing Company, #1 Independence Square.1909Edith Osgood Eaton (Mrs. ScottV.) AM'14, of 6115 Greenwood Ave nue, Chicago, writes: "I think the mostinteresting news that we have is thatour daughter, Dorothy, is a freshmanin the University this fall. It has beeninteresting to note the many changesfrom 1905, when I entered as a freshman, to the well organized receptionand placement of the freshmen today.I should also like to express my appreciation and enjoyment *of alumni weeklast June. I think the right plan hasfinally been worked out."Helen Jacoby is pleasantly locatedat her new home at 818 East 58thStreet, Indianapolis, Ind.1910Francesco Ventresca, PhM' 11, 4313Prospect Avenue, Western Springs,Illinois, completed his fortieth year asa teacher this summer as the chairmanof the foreign languages department atManley High School in Chicago.1911For the last two years, Sarah E.Ausemus has been a retired teacher ofthe Home Economics Department ofthe Chicago City Schools.1912Winifred Winne Cnkling, 904Colcord Building, Oklahoma City,Oklahoma, has been very much occupied this year with church work, as theOrganizing Secretary for Rural Workof the Episcopal Church in the Stateof Oklahoma. Her two sons are now15 and 25. A sports fan, she especiallyenjoys football.Nell C. Henry of Cleveland, Ohio,reports that she had a grand trip tothe west coast this summer, attendingthe National Education Associationmeeting in Portland, Oregon, and taking in Glacier Park, Vancouver, Victoria, Seattle, and Mt. Rainier on theway out and San Francisco and Yellowstone Park afterwards. She liked"Old Faithful" geyser best of all.1916Helen B. Eastman reports that sheis just enjoying every day and has hadtwo trips to Mexico, one to New England, Florida, and two to Californiasince April, 1933. It is not hard tobelieve that travel and photography areher hobbies. She was principal of theEmmet School in Chicago for twenty-two years.Ethelyn Mullarkey Messner, withher husband, Charles A. Messner,AM'22, and son aged ten, sailed fromNew York the last of August to spendthe year abroad. Mr. Messner has beengranted a year's leave of absence forforeign travel and study. He is professor of Latin, in the State TeachersCollege at Buffalo, New York, and also teaches French. They expected to spendthe month of September in the BritishIsles and arrive in Paris about the firstof October, then establish headquartersthere and tour about as occasion permits.Leoline Gardner Kroll (Mrs.H. W.) writes: "Mr. Kroll is in theindustrial arts department of the highschool at Buhl, Minnesota. He isgreatly interested in boys, having servedas scoutmaster for a number of years,and is now a member of the districtcourt of honor as well as our localchairman. Our hobbies are a lovelylawn, a lovely flower garden (principally gladioli), and a lovely collectionof wild flowers. We have taken firstplace in our community for a lovelylawn for four years. I have taken thesweepstake prize at our flower show,totaling 63 points, second place holding39 points. My son, Harry Gardner, nowtwelve years of age and in Junior High,is equally interested in wild flowersand has a collection of approximatelythree hundred and fifty plants mounted.He has done all of the work himselfbut the naming of them. I have servedas a "Gray's Manual" for him and foundit most enjoyable work. Mr. Kroll andI are also making a collection separatefrom that of our son. My family andI visited at the Universty in June —the week after my class reunion. Sorryit wasn't convenient to be there a weekearlier."1918Ruth Falkenau says that she is"manager of the Churchill Hotel, 1255North State Street, Chicago, wherelives Everett Rogerson, '15, a Deke ofbefore my time." Her hobby is studying the piano with Madi Bacon.1919"During the year, July, 1935, to July,1936, I have been around the worldvisiting Hawaii, Japan, China, Bali,Java, Burma, the Philippines, India,Egypt, Palestine, Cyrus, Rhodes,Athens, Sicily, Italy, Corsica, France,England and Norway," writes Grace T.Davis (Mrs. Ozna S.), 5725 BlackstoneAvenue, Chicago.1920Arthur B. Cummins manages CeliteResearch for the Johns-Manville Corporation in Manville, N. J., diatomace-ous earth industry for United States.Incidentally for recreation he enjoysmoose hunting.Donald Gray, 415 City Banks Building, Kankakee, Illinois, is now president of the Kankakee County Bar As-sociation.For the time being Walter E.Kramer gives us his address as c/oPullman Couch Company, #1 Park Avenue, New York City.32THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 33S PEC IAL S E LLI N G OFUNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO §MADE TO ORDER BY SPODECOPELAND, ENGLAND, FOR THEALUMNI ASSOCIATION ANDMARSHALL FIELD & COMPANY8$075Dozen(Only 300 sets available)Each of the 12 plates has a different scenein the center — reproduced from fine etchings of University of Chicago buildings.All are bordered with an exquisite Gothicdesign etched in tones of gray and black.The neutral color and conventional pattern make these service plates blendharmoniously with tableware of anycolor or design.For one who is or has been a part ofthe University of Chicago, we cannotsuggest a more thoughtful or lasting giftthan these plates.Mail the coupon, at right, or telephonefor delivery. In the Chicago metropolitan area, delivery will be made as usual. To mail sets outside this area, includeparcel post or express charge for 20pounds to the desired zone. If you like,sets may be wrapped as Christmas giftsand delivered about December 20.China SectionMARSHALL FIELD & COMPANYChicago, Illinois| | Enclosed you'll find $8.75 for one dozenCommemorative Plates.| | Please charge to my account -of Commemorative Plates. _setsNAME.ADDRESS-MARSHALL F I E L D & C O M P A N Y34 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE1921Elinor G. Hayes, AM'22, works forthe Western Electric Company at theirHawthorne Plant, conducting specialsurveys for the Personnel Planning Department. Her home address is 329South Oak Park Avenue, Oak Park,Illinois.Lou-Eva Longan is superintendentof the St. Christopher's School in DobbsFerry, New York.1922^ Ruth Johnson Clarahan, 649 Hillside, Glen Ellyn, Illinois, is a busyhousewife and mother. She is collecting early American pressed glass andrecently was reelected trustee of theGlen Ellyn Free Public Library.The Alumni Office recently receiveda note from Frankie I. Jones, AM'35,giving her new address as 709*4 MapleAvenue, LaPorte, Indiana.1923Mabel Pingry, in the English department of Crane High School, hasspent the past two summers at theGraduate School of English at Bread-loaf, Vermont.Amos Alonzo Stagg, Jr., AM'35, isstarting his second season as coach ofSusquehanna University.Ethel M. Woolhiser is co-authorof "Basic Procedures in Guiding Learning," a guide book for courses in techniques in teaching, and "The Schoolsof Illinois," a handbook for adult forums. A lover of gardening, she hasa fine rose garden. She is a memberof faculty of the State Teachers College at Peoria. Her new address is 336Augusta Avenue, DeKalb, Illinois.1924R. J. Demeree of 7448 North HoyneAvenue, Chicago, was recently appointed executive secretary of the EastSixty- third Street Council.David McKeith, pastor of theAsylum Hill Congregational Church atHartford, Connecticut, received thehonorary degree of doctor of divinityfrom Yankton College in June, 1936.1925Newberry Library visitors interestedin genealogy or local history will findElisabeth Coleman in charge of thatdepartment.On Saturday, August 15, the Sistersof Mercy at the Saint Xavier Convent,4928 Cottage Grove Avenue, Chicago,celebrated the Golden Jubilee of theHoly Profession of Sister Mary Cal-lista Convey.Commented an editorial in The Cleveland Press, September 1, at the timewhen Safety Director Eliot Nesscharged long-existent police collusion inthe 15th Precinct of Cleveland and ordered the greatest purge in the historyof the department : "That young fellowEliot Ness, down at City Hall againgives this city a striking demonstration of the courage and brains a safetydirector ought to have. Does he sit glued to his swivel chair at the Hall twiddling his thumbs at stories of suspiciousdoings in the Police Department — asmany of his predecessors did? NotNess. Out he goes, and does his owninvestigating. Result: A whole precinctcleaned out. We wish, Mr. Ness, thatyou were quintuplets."1926Robert C. Anderson has accepted anappointment with the College Inn FoodProducts Company.Leslie P. Fisher, who graduatedfrom the Harvard Law School in 1934,is now practicing law in Iron River,Michigan.M. Lucile Harrison, AM'33, is doing teacher training work in the Colorado State College of * Education,Greeley, Colorado. She is the authorof "Reading Readiness," off the pressin June, 1936, is on the advisory committee for the preparation of the 36thYearbook for the National Society forthe study of Education, and is a member of the Association for ChildhoodEducation.Lucile Prier was married to LynneE. Wetzel on November 11, 1935; theyare now living at 118 Bell Street, Chagrin Falls, just outside of Cleveland,Ohio.1927Franklin D. Elmer, Jr., DB'30, andMargaret Nelson Elmer, '27, aremoving to 118 Genesee Street, Lock-port, New York. While at DeKalb,Mrs. Elmer helped to organize the University of Chicago Alumni Club andhas been instrumental in its work sinceits inception. Mr. Elmer is now pastorof the First Baptist Church of Lock-port.Allis Graham, who was in chargeof the Chapel Dean's Office for thelast eight years, at the University ofChicago, left the campus the last ofAugust and is now living at the International House in New York.Begun as an experiment by the University of Utah Training School] theplay school for kindergarten and firstgrade children conducted by Mrs. Al-mira M. D. Martin, AM'30, gainedsuch favor that it was continued forsix weeks during the past summer. Theobjectives of the play school are happiness, profitable use of leisure time, development along the lines of the children's interest and normal living, training in becoming a contributing memberof the social group. Much of the playactivity of the school is suggested bythe stories read. An art project is generally introduced and worked on duringthe six week's course.R. R. Pickett, PhD'30, and his wife,Agnes Kerr, '27, live in Emporia, Kansas, where Mr. Pickett heads the department of commerce in the StateTeachers College. They report a delightful trip through New England following the summer session of HarvardUniversity, where Mr, Pickett was visiting instructor. 1928An article by Roberta W. Brownentitled "The Relation Between Age(Chronological and Mental) and Rateof Piano Learning," was published inthe Journal of Applied Psychology, August, 1936. This is her fourth publication. She is now engaged on a gradedseries of melodies for children to playand sing."How poisonous is a scorpion ?" Thatis the problem which is confrontingHerbert L. Stahnke, high school instructor from Mesa, Arizona, whospends his summers at Iowa State College working for his doctor's degreein zoology. "Urged by the desire tofind some means of combatting the scorpions, which are abundant in Arizonaand the other southwestern states,Stahnke is conducting experiments onthe toxic effects of the sting of different species."Marian Plimpton van de Griendtcombines with her enjoyment of musicand the study of philosophy a real liking for the finer arts of cooking. Herpresent address is 1149A High Court,Berkeley, Calif.1929The Chicago-Kent College of Lawgranted the degree of Master of Lawsto Helen Walter Munsert (Mrs.Kenneth W.) last June. She is stillpracticing law and is now located at1522 First National Bank Building withthe firm of Walter, Burchmpre and Bel-nap.1930Daniel Autry, who took his medical degree at the University of Arkansas Medical School in 1934 and whofor the past two years has been atthe Charity Hospital, New Orleans,Louisiana, has been given a fellowshipfor the next year at Mayo Clinic inRochester, New York.Laura M. Brown is teaching scienceat the Wendell Phillips Senior HighSchool, Chicago.1931Richard O. Lang, AM'32, made ahurried trip from Washington in August to take his degree of doctor ofphilosophy at the Summer Convocation.He is now social statistician for theUnited States Central Statistical Board.1932Henry L. Rous, chemist for theAmerican Cyanamid and Chemical Corporation in Joliet, Illinois, is engagedin analysis and some research, both ofwhich are concerned with the traces ofimpurities in alums. Photography andgolf vie for first place so far as hishobbies are concerned but the formeris now gradually winning a lead sincehis year old son, Henry Louis II, affords such a tempting subject.Nathaniel M. Winslow recentlyaccepted an appointment with the National Carbon Company, EdgewaterWorks, Cleveland, Ohio.THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 35fine, long novel ofthe complex life ofa "superbly human"university — facultyand undergraduates,town and grown.Mirrored in thismicrocosm are thesocial unrest of ourtime, the challengesto liberty of thoughtand teaching, thenew sex freedom, theold sex modesty — avivid and dramaticpicture. By JamesWeber Linn"This portrait of a university universe is timely, topical and intelligent.James Weber Linn, teacher, critic, journalist, biographer and novelistknows his universities — particularly the nameless, but easily identifiedone in the book," says the New York Sun of this exciting and heartwarming novel. "Jerome Grant, who was a freshman in the author'searlier This Was Life, is a sixty-year-old professor now. Contrastingthe modern university with that of his student days, Grant thought:The present generation seem no less intelligent, no less courageous thanin the '90s . . . and were they not more comprehending of their responsibilities as citizens?" Every alumnus of Chicago will find rich enjoyment in the pages of this memorable picture of a great university today.Published by Bobbs-Merrill. . „ , «At all bookstores. $2.50.WINDS OVER THE CAMPUSP /swlfrs\ \\fafiftl Ham JSWk%5P Th e meatmakes the mealAsk for Swift's Premium Ham needs no parboiling36 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE1933George F. Dale recently resigned hisappointment with the Abbott Laboratories to assist in research for the Wex-mar Company, Chicago.Lieutenant of Field Artillery, J. Lawrence Goodnow has now been assignedto the First Field Artillery at Fort Sill,Oklahoma.For the past few months Martin J.Herrmann has been connected with theHighway Planning Survey of the Michigan State Highway Department. Hehas been serving in the capacity ofBlanket Count Supervisor of the seventh district, which includes eight counties.Jane F. Jordan has accepted a secretarial position with the Universal OilProducts Company, Riverside.Oscar L. Scherr, SM'36, is nowconnected with the Jewel Tea Company, Barrington, 111.In addition to serving as personalsecretary to Mr. E. R. Wright, BeulahO. Wright, 8444 South Morgan Street,Chicago, is office manager for E. Raymond Wright, Inc., printers.1934Kenneth Demb and Paul Seligmanhave appointments with Akay ElectronCompany of Chicago.From Newton, Kansas, Christine E.Miller writes that she is teaching commercial subjects in the High Schoolthere. Her hobbies are music and plays.1935Charles L. Asher now lives at 510Bigelpw Street, Peoria, Illinois, whileworking as assistant research chemistfor Sutliff and Case Company, Inc.,manufacturing pharmaceutical chemists. For recreation he enjoys swimming during the summer, but the studyof pharmacy rates high with him as anavocation.Marie Berger, 500 Cornell Avenue,Chicago, is registered in the Law Schoolfor her second year of legal study.James Edward Day, a second yearstudent in the Harvard Law School,has been elected to the Harvard LawReviezv and will serve as an editor ofthe Jubilee Edition to be published during the coming year.Marvin H. Glick is associated nowwith the Sterling Company, 212 WestMonroe Street, Chicago. He enjoys alloutdoor sports and is keenly interestedin music, literature, and art.Philip C. Doolittle of Chicago isworking in the freight traffic department of the Pennsylvania Railroad.Hal James was in Charles Coburn'sCompany at the famed Mohawk ValleySummer Theater in Schenectady, NewYork. He had good parts in the Rivalsand Macbeth.Clifford G. Massoth is now working for the Illinois Central as live stocktraffic agent at Sioux City, Iowa. Muchof his spare time is devoted to readingand writing of literature and occasionally he gets in a game of tennis. During the past year, William Lin-gel Wasley held a teaching fellowshipat Louisiana State Universty and received the SM degree there. He willenter Stanford University this autumnto work for his doctor's degree.1936Under his fifth successive scholarshipfrom the University of Chicago, RobertA. Crane is attending the Law Schoolthis year.Robert Gaskill has accepted an appointment with the Wisconsin SteelCompany, 606 South Michigan Avenue,Chicago.George A. Henninger has beenawarded a graduate honor scholarshipfor advanced work leading to a master's degree in Germanics.James Hoekstra is now with theUniversal Oil Products Company atRiverside, Illinois.Robert D. Kracke is to be with theFeather Edge Rubber Company, Chicago.Leslie Meyer is now working for thePhoenix Dye Works, Chicago.BUSINESS1926H. Gibson Caldwell, AM, who wasassistant professor of commerce atQueen's University from 1923 to 1927,is now General Economics Adviser tothe Dominion Bureau of Statistics, Ottawa, Canada. For the past six yearsMr. Caldwell has been economist ofthe Bell Telephone Company of Canadaat Montreal.1927David L. Sternfield is president andgeneral manager of the Fort DearbornGrill, Chicago.1928Lester G. Gates is a profit analystfor Sears, Roebuck and Company, Chicago.1930Charles Rovetta is on leave of absence from the University of Coloradoand has a teaching assistantship at theSchool of Business. His post at Colorado is being taken by Russell Knapp,'36.1931Glenn O. Emick, AM, is districteducation adviser for the CCC, withheadquarters at Fort Benjamin Harrison, Ind.Earl W. Harder, AM'32, is with themutual benefit association of the Kimberly-Clark Corporation, Neenah, Wisconsin.Michael Jucius, AM'32, is now onthe faculty of the college of commerceand administration at the Ohio StateUniversity.Ernest H. Miller is a contact engineer for the Resettlement Administration, Washington, D. C. 1934^ Ruth E. Callender is an interviewer for Clark-Hooper, Inc., advertising, New York.Frank D. Carr is a salesman forProcter and Gamble, Chicago.Henry C. Fischer has a secretarialposition with the Hercules Life Insurance Company, Chicago.Allan Marin is with Neisser-Mey-erhoff, Inc., advertising, Chicago.1935Bernice Armin was married onFebruary 23 to Bernard Fried, a physicist at the Ohio State University. Shedoes part-time work as a comparisonshopper for one of the large Columbusdepartment stores.William T. Elliott is with theEastman Kodak Company at San Diego,California.William H. Elston is an adjusterwith the Commercial Credit Company,Chicago.1936Jay Berwanger is with the Feather-edge Rubber Company, Chicago. Hespent some time in Hollywood in thesummer, taking part in a film production of a football story. He is writinga column of football comment for theChicago Daily News this fall and iscoaching the Freshman squad at theUniverstiy.Lillian Beling is with the manufacturing department of the Universityof Chicago Press.John Cornyn, MBA, is teaching atthe College of New Rochelle, New Ro-chelle, New York.Myron Curzon is in the IndustrialEngineering Department of Armour andCompany, Chicago.M. D. Ketchum, who is workingtoward his doctor's degree, has returnedto his post at Utah State AgriculturalCollege after a year at the University.Theodore Kolb is with the PeerlessCompany at Pawtucket, R. I. This concern operates leased departments inlarger department stores.John Molyneaux is in the accounting department of the InternationalHarvester Company, Chicago.Bernadotte Robertson is teachingtypewriting and business subjects atRockford College, Rockford, 111.RUSH1877"Am 81 years old and in goodhealth," writes Leslie C. Lane, 3101Second Avenue, Minneapolis, Minnesota. "I no longer; practice, exceptingin charity cases. Was chief surgeonof the H. and D. division, Chicago,Milwaukee and St. Paul Railway foreleven years." His hobby is makingFrench briar pipes; hunting his sport.A member of the Masonic Order, hehas held the office of coroner, U. S.Pension Examination Surgeon.THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 37The Sale of Dr. Starr's Library Closes the Last Chapter ina Colorful Career1880As physician and surgeon located inDakota, Illinois, Franklin AlbertButterfield, MD, writes that he "continues to look after patients in and outof his office, adding that just that morning he had seen a 96-year-old patientin her home about nine miles from histown. He has done his share of visit-ino- from ocean to ocean and from Canada to Mexico.1882John Calvin Wright, MD, has practiced at Excelsior, Richland County,Wisconsin for twenty-five years and atAntigo, Wis., for 30. I have beenm active practice for more than fifty-five years. Expect to spend the winterin California and hope to be on handto attend the 100th Anniversary of thegranting of the Charter. I had the pleasure of attending my fiftieth year ofgraduation but there was only nine ofus at that banquet, Dr. J. M. Dodsonbeing one of the number. Good luckto Rush."1884James Edmund Coleman, MD, surgeon, lives at 656 North Main Street,Canton, Illinois, where he is active inthe Rotary Club, Elks, Masons, Canton Physicians Club, the health officerof Canton, and county physician of Fulton Physicians Club, is health officering at other people. Everett PorterColeman, his son, did his medical workat the University of Illinois MedicalSchool and served as captain for eighteen months in Evacuation Hospital inFrance during the World War. He isnow surgeon-in-chief at the GrahamHospital in Canton, 111.Stephen Beecher Sims, MD, 858North Main Street, Frankfort, Indiana,sends word that he is still in activepractice and expects to attend the RushCentennial. He is married. Elks, Masons, and the county and state medicalsocieties number him among their members.1886^ Edward J. Van Metre, MD, regretsthat "no effort was made — so far as Iknew — to have a reunion of the '86Class. Had looked forward to thatevent — hoping to renew acquaintancesof the remaining few." He continuesto practice general medicine in Tipton,Iowa, and plays golf.1893Henry J. Gahagan, MD, Chicagophysician left on the Queen Mary themiddle of August for Europe, planningto get in some post graduate work.1894Frank E. Wiedemann, MD, and hiswife recently left for an extended tripround the world." A few years agothe Wiedemanns encircled the globe, atwhich time Dr. Wiedemann was interested in primitive and oriental medicine. On this trip they are most interested in China, the Philippine Islands,and India. The announcement that the library ofthe late Frederick Starr is to be soldby a Chicago Book Auction house willrecall to all older alumni the career ofone of the University's most uniquefigures.A member of the first group of professors brought to the new Universityof Chicago, he quickly came to noticeas one of the most interesting and unconventional of American educators.Always the champion of minoritygroups, he frequently made enemies byespousing unpopular causes. Nevertheless, he gave to his students an appreciation of the worthwhile qualities of other peoples. It is safe to say thatfew instructors have had greater influence with their students, or commandedmore real and lasting loyalties.His interests, which carried him toMexico, Asia, and Africa, are reflectedin his library, which consists of some14,000 items, dealing primarly with manand his cultures.^ The breaking up of this huge collection is the last chapter in a colorfulcareer. It is regrettable that the librarycould not be kept together, but its dispersal affords his many friends andadmirers an opportunity to secure lasting mementoes of a most interestingpersonality.AT AUCTION AT AUCTIONNOV. 11 to 13 and 18 to 20The Entire Library of the LatePROF. FREDERICK STARRComprising 15,000 volumes on a great variety of subjects, notably,America, Africa, Asia, Anthropology, China, Japan, Liberia, Mexico,Playing Cards, Cats' Cradles, Dance of Death, General Literature, etc.oFREE PUBLIC EXHIBIT— Nov. 9th and followingCatalogues Free on Request•CHICAGO BOOK & ART AUCTIONS, INC.410 S. MICHIGAN AVE.— 9TH FLOORPublic Exhibit — Nov 9th and following. Catalogues Free on RequestptrOplta^To those seeking a field of endeavor that is not overcrowded, andin which the rewards for the exercise of brains and energy are considerably above the average, there is now offered an exceptionalopportunity— a dealership in Palace Travel Coaches. The possibilities are great! The capital required is small! And, mostimportant of all, it is a business that, while comparatively new, isuniversally acknowledged as one that is destined to rivalthat of the automobile in the not far distant future!Write for particulars as to how youcan open a Palace Coach Salesroom!Palace Travel Coach CorporationDept. 40, Flint, MichiganWRITE FOR PARTICULARSDISTINCTION — PERFECTION — SATISFACTIONCampbell Eisele & Polichj LtdMerchant TailorsTelephone State 3863Willoughby Tower — 8 South Michigan Avenue — Fourth FloorAT AUCTION AT AUCTIONNOV. 11 to 13 and 18 to 20The Entire Library of the LatePROF. FREDERICK STARRComprising 15,000 volumes on a great variety of subjects, notably,America, Africa, Asia, Anthropology, China, Japan, Liberia, Mexico,Playing Cards, Cats' Cradles, Dance of Death, General Literature, etc.FREE PUBLIC EXHIBIT— Nov. 9th and followingCatalogues Free on RequestCHICAGO BOOK & ART AUCTIONS, INC.410 S. MICHIGAN AVE.— 9TH FLOORPublic Exhibit — Nov 9th and following. Catalogues Free on Request38 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINECLOISTER GARAGECHICAGO PETERSENMOTOR LIVERYA PERSONAL SERVICEof Refinement, Catering to theUNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO5650 LAKE PARK AVE.Phone MIDWAY 0949HAIRREMOVEDFOREVER16 Years' ExperienceFree ConsultationLOTTIE A. METCALFEGraduate NurseELECTROLYSIS EXPERTMultiple 20 platinum needles can beused.Permanent removal of Hair from Face,Eyebrows, Back of Neck or any partof Body; destroys 200 to 600 Hair Rootsper hour.Removal of Facial Veins, Moles andWarts.Member American Assn. Medical Hydrologyand Physical Therapy$1.75 per Treatment for HairTelephone FRA 4885Suite 1705, Stevens Bldg.17 No. State St.GREUNE- MUELLERCOALIs of Highest Quality fromRespective Fields and isDUSTLESS TREATEDLet Us Prove This to You6REUNE-MUELLER GOAL GO.7435 So. Union Ave.All Phones Vincennes 4000 1895Frederick William Freyberg, MD,physician and surgeon of Aberdeen,South Dakota, is married, has two sons,Neal E. and Sidney L., and has beenstate medical director for M. W. A.for twenty-five years.After forty years of practice in Fonddu Lac, Wisconsin, O. M. Layton, MD,is as active as ever and finds time fordairy farming with pure bred stock androck gardening.1897J. Frank Aldrich, 305 ChurchStreet, Shenandoah, Iowa. He is a physician, yes, his specialty is internalmedicine and anaesthesia. He is deputycouncilor of Page County Medical Society, a member of the Library Board,a former member of the State Boardof Health, and has been the local healthofficer for fifteen years. He likes totravel.Robert Sproul Carroll, MD, psychiatrist and founder of Highland Hospital, Asheville, North Carolina, somethirty-two years ago, is now its president and medical director. He has contributed numerous articles to medicalpublications and belongs to many stateand local organizations. A baseball fan,he also gets a lot of pleasure out oftraveling.Thomas R. Crowder, MD, directorof the department of sanitation and surgery of the Pullman Company, Chicago, is an honorary life member of theConference of State and ProvincialHealth Authorities of North America,past president of the Association ofRailway Chief Surgeons and the American Association of Industrial Physicians and Surgeons. Much of his sparetime is spent in his woodworking shop.Dr. Crowder further reports: "TheRush Medical Class of '97 has held annual reunions since its twentieth anniversary, when an organization waseffected with the writer as president- —an office still held through failure toelect a successor. Attendance has variedfrom twenty to eighty. The 39th washeld at the University Club, Chicago,May 13th, with the smaller number.Plans for the 40th, to be held nextJune, are under way, with a prospectivelarger attendance. About half of the257 members of the class are still living."Fernand de Gueldre Hotel StevensWabash 0532Photographer toMary GardenLynn FontanneChaliapinAmelia EarhartVincent BendixStuart ChaseFrederick StockAs low as 3 for $9 50 Jane Addams 1902A physician located on the West Sideof Chicago is Leon Maurice Bowes,6025 North Neva Avenue. He is mar-ried, has two sons, is director of theNorwegian Old Peoples' Home Societyattending physician there, is on the staffof the Swedish Covenant Hospital, andis the local surgeon for the Chicagoand Northwestern Railroad. His hobbyis wire-haired foxterriers. He is theauthor of many scientific articles.Editor of Clinical Medicine and Surgery since 1924, George B. Lake, MD,Waukegan physician, acquired ownership of the magazine in March, 1934.With Dr. W. F. Dutton he is co-authorof recent book entitled, ParenteralTherapy. Reading, verse writing (threevolumes of his verse have been published— An Apostle of Joy, 1928; Hilltops, 1932; Eros and the Sage, 1935),gardening, and bookbinding occupy hisspare time. His son, George Lake, Jr.,was married in March, 1935, to Emily,daughter of Dudley Crafts Watson.E. S. Schmidt, MD, writes fromGreen Bay, Wis. : "I live in the hometown of the best small town professionalfootball team in the world — the Packers. Take a look at them some time."An eye, ear, nose and throat specialist,he has served as president of the BrownCounty Medical Society and is now thepresident of the Central Wisconsin Eye,Ear, Nose, and Throat Society. He ismarried, has two fine boys, is an amateur ornithologist, and likes hunting andfishing.1903David C. Hilton, MD, 305 Richard's Block, Lincoln, Nebraska, is practicing general surgery. He is presidentof the Lancaster County Medical Society, chairman of the surgical sectionof the Bryan Memorial Hospital, consultant in surgery at the Veteran's Administration Hospital, commandingcolonel of the 110th Medical Regiment,Nebraska National Guard, and DivisionSurgeon, 35th Division of the NationalGuard. His son, Hiram David, Amherst 1935, is a sophomore in RushMedical School.1904Robert S. Allison, MD, physician,has his offices in the Boston Building,Salt Lake City. For relaxation he likesnothing better than a good game ofgolf.1905Albert Earl Reed, MD, is doinggeneral surgery in Larned, Kansas. Heis another Rush man that votes forhunting and fishing as his sports.1907Vernon C. David, MD, is chairmanof the department of surgery of RushMedical College, president, staff ofPresbyterian Hospital, on the attending staff of Cook County Hospital, andis the author of numerous articles i*1surgical literature on general subjectsTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEpublished in the Lewis Surgery, NelsoLoose Leaf Surgery, Brenneman, Surgery of Children, and Christopher'sprinciples of Surgery. He is past president of the Chicago Surgical Society,former head of the surgical service ofthe Children's Memorial Hospital, anda member of University, Industrial, Chicago, and Commercial Clubs. An Evanston resident, his home address is 1624Wesley Avenue. His two sons are namedJames Record and John Cyrenius.1908John W. Green, MD, writes from10 Santa Paula Way, Vallejo, California. For two terms secretary and nowpresident of the Solano County MedicalAssociation, he belongs to the Northern California Eye, Ear, Nose andThroat Society, and likes to get in someo-olf now and then and some hunting inthe fall season. Two of his children,Virginia Alice and William Dodson,are married, and John W., Jr., is nowseven.1911Russell C. Doolittle, MD, specializes in the practice of psychiatry. Theauthor of various papers for medicalsocieties and journals, he has beenelected an officer of many state andcounty associations. His home addressis 28th Street and Woodland Avenue,Des Moines, Iowa. Books both old andnew are his favorite pastime. He hasthree sons, Russell, Jr., John C. andDaniel M.Jacob H. Enns, MD, 527>4 MainStreet, Newton, Kansas, is an eye, ear,nose and throat specialist. His oldestson, Eugene, is now a freshman in medical school ; Aubeth is 16 and James 12.Nelson Leroy Heller, MD, writesfrom Dunkirk, Indiana, where he iscarrying on his general practice. Hebelongs to several medical organizations, is a Mason and Shriner, and isthe author of the "Dunkirk HealthBook."Curtis E. Mason, '09, MD, physician and surgeon of Beaverton, Oregon,has served on the school board for eighteen years. One of his boys is a sophomore in Oregon University MedicalSchool and another is a premedic.Arthur R. Metz, MD, is associateclinical professor at Rush Medical College in addition to carrying on his private practice. He goes in for huntingand yacht racing.1912Claude Lester Shields, MD, practices surgery in Salt Lake City. He isalso the director of the Visiting NursesAssociation, president of the Salt LakeCounty Medical organization, and councilor of Utah State Medical Association. Trap shooting is his hobby andfishing his sport. He is the father ofLester, 21; Kathleen, 18; Carolyn, 11.1913Frank K. Bartlett, '10, SM'13,MD, physician and surgeon, lives at 2703 Hill Drive, Ogden, Utah, and hashis offices at 2404 Washington Avenue.His favorite sport is fishing in JockomsHole. A member of county, state andAmerican Medicalo Associations, hemarried Mary A. Paxton, Presbyteriannurse, in 1914, and their two sons arenow sixteen and fourteen.Corwin S. Cornell, MD, 1108Montgomery Street, Knoxville, Iowa,reports that he likes nothing better thansomething good to eat and drink. Foreighteen years he was secretary of theMarion County Medical Society, alsoacting as its president. He has beenthe city health officer, as well as countycoroner and deputy state Councillor,and has written many articles whichhave been published in various medicaljournals. He has a twelve-year-old sonnamed David.Earle George Johnson, MD, writesfrom Grand Island, Nebraska. He isdistrict surgeon for Union Pacific Railroad, chief surgeon of the CentralPower Company, on the staff of St.Francis Hospital, and the member aswell as officer of enough medical societies and city organizations to fill a page.His son, Earle George, Jr., is nineteenand his daughter 16.1915For over seventeen years, LawrenceG. Dunlap, '13, MD, has been associated with the Anaconda Copper Mining Company of Anaconda, Montana,as its eye and ear surgeon. Communityservice is his avocation and among themany elective offices he has held havebeen the presidency of the Rotary Club,commandership of the Legion, membership on the board of trustees of theElks, and presidency of the MontanaAcademy of Oto-ophthalmology.Frank G. Murphy, MD, one of Chicago's south side orthopedic surgeons,is also assistant professor of orthopedicsurgery at the University of IllinoisCollege of Medicine, attending orthopedic surgeon at South Shore, JacksonPark and Cook County Hospitals, andattending surgeon at the South ChicagoHospital. He has seven children, John,Allen, Robert, Winnifred, Patrick,Catherine and Jeromle. A frequent contributor to medical publications^ he liststrees as his hobby and swimming andrope swinging as his sports.1916Jacob Meyer, '14, MD, is attendingphysician at Cook County arid MichaelReese Hospitals as well as associateprofessor of medicine at the Universityof Illinois College of Medicine. Hemarried Janis Loeb, December 17, 1934,and has one daughter, Gail.Clinton D. Suickard, '14, MD, hascarried on a general practice, alongwith a special practice of surgery, gynecology and obstetrics, in Charleston, Illinois, since May 1, 1919. He spentabout a year in the United States Armyand eight months in the A. E. F. Forrelaxation he likes golf. With two boys, Albert Teachers' Agency25 E. Jackson Blvd., ChicagoEstablished 1885. Placement Bureau for menand women in all kinds of teaching positions.Large and alert College and State Teachers' College departments for Doctors and Masters: fortyper cent of our business. Critic and Grade Supervisors for Normal Schools placed every year Inlarge numbers: excellent opportunities. Specialteachers of Home Economics. Business Administration. Music, and Art. secure fine positions throughus every year. Private Schools in all parts of thecountry among our best patrons; good salaries. Wellprepared High School teachers wanted for city andsuburban High Schools. Special manager handlesGrade and Critic work. Send for folder today.Your whole life throughShorthand will be useful to you.LEARN GREGGThe World's Fastest Shorthand.THE GREGG PUBLISHING COMPANY2500 Prairie Ave. ChicagoSCHOOLSSAINT XAVIER COLLEGEFOR WOMEN4900 Cottage Grove AvenueCHICAGO, ILLINOISA Catholic College Conducted bythe SISTERS OF MERCYCourses lead to the B. A. and B. S.degrees. Music — ArtIntensive Stenographic CourseI FOR COLLEGE MEN & WOMEN100 Words a Minute in 100 Days As- _a _sured for one Pee. Enroll NOW. Day jPTclasses only— Begin Jan., Apr., July ,and Oct. Write or Phone Ban. 1575.18 -S. MICHIGAN AVE., CHICAGO^8s«Mfl«feBMi»l.ELIZABETH HULL SCHOOLForRETARDED CHILDRENBoarding and Day Pupils5046Greenwood Ave TelephoneDrexel 1 1 88LIBRARY SCHOOL209 S. State St., Chicago, III.Preparatory course for public Librarian.Practical book courses for positions inRental Libraries and book stores.Register Mon. to Fri. II a. m. to 4 p. m.40 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEBUSINESSDIRECTORYASBESTOSA UNIVERSITY FAVORITEK. &M.FEATHERWEIGHT85% MagnesiaUniform and light in weight. Moredead air cells. Better insulation.KEASBEY & MATTISON CO.205 W. Wacker Drive Ran. 6951AWNINGSPhones Oakland 0690—0691—0692The Old ReliableHyde Park Awning Co.,INC.Awnings and Canopies for All Purposes4508 Cottage Grove AvenueBONDSP. H. Davis, 'II. H. I. Markham, 'Ex. '06R. W. Davis, '16 W. M. Giblin, '23F. B. Evans, 'IIPaul H. Davis & Co.MembersNew York Stock ExchangeChicago Stock Exchange10 So. La Salle St. Franklin 8622BOOKSMEDICAL BOOKSof All PublishersThe Largest and Most Complete Stock andall New Books Received as soon as published. Come in and browse.SPEAKMAN'S(Chicago Medical Book Co.)Congress and Honore StreetsOne Block from Rush Medical CollegeBROADCASTINGNORMAN KLINGOutstandingVOCAL INSTRUCTORTO STARS OFRadio — Stage — OrchestraWill Help You to Improve orDevelop Your VoiceHis Aid Has Helped Many toGreater Earning Power and SuccessStudio903 Kimball BuHding TelephoneWebster 7188 Clinton Daniel, Jr., 13, and GeorgeEmerson, 8, and two girls, Betty Ruth,16, and Marjorie Talese, 5, he is welljustified in reporting that his is the"ideal family."1917Attending internist to the SouthShore Hospital, Clarence S. Duner,MD, was formerly chief of that staff.A music lover and a golfer, he is alife member of the Art Institute, anassociate life member of the FieldMuseum, a fellow of the A. M. A., andchevalier Bayard Commander K. T.Married since 1930 to Olga Ward, hehas one daughter, Helen Louise.Italo Frederick Volini, '15, MD'17,is professor and head of the Department of Medicine of Loyola UniversitySchool of Medicine. He is the proudlather of Marcella, Gloria, Italo F., Jr.,Virginia, Yolanda, Dolores, and Ca-millo.1918Benjamin Jaffer Birk, MD, practices internal medicine in Milwaukee,Wisconsin, is the author of numerousarticles, likes fishing the best of allsports and mentions dogs as his hobby.He is married and has one child. Address, 2218 North Lake Drive, Milwaukee.Harold D. Caylor, '16, MD, is oneof the surgeons at the Caylor-NickelClinic in Bluffton, Indiana. He wasformerly associate in the section of surgical pathology at Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota. He has two girls, Rebecca and Patricia Ann, aged elevenand twelve.John Simpkin, '16, MD, Marshfield,Oregon, expected to see the old PhiBetes, Rush Eighteeners, and CookCounty Nineteeners in St. Paul on October 13th, and if not then in Chicagolater. He asks : "Why don't you all comeout to Portland and Frisco occasionally. The latter is especially as fine aclinical center as you can find. I don'tsee you in the fall on the Royal Rivercatching ten pound steelhead on a Number 10 fly either. Come on out!"Dr. Simpkin is city health officer. Heis also on the county relief committee,an Elk, Mason, and was formerly president and secretary of Coos and CurryCounty Medical Society. He is the author of "several lusty lyrics, not published," and has three children, Betty,Dorothy, and John.1919William R. Meeker, '16, MD, surgeon of Mobile, Alabama, is chairmanof the Gulf Coast Clinical Society andpresident of the Mobile County MedicalSociety. He is the proud possessor oftwo sons born in the last four years. Oh,yes, his favorite sports are hunting andfishing.1920Luman Elmer Daniels, '19, MD'20,was a fellow in neurology at the MayoFoundation from October, 1928, to June,1932, and first assistant in the Section on neurology at Mayo Clinic fromAugust, 1930, to October, 1932. He re.ceived an MS in Neurology at Univer-sity of Minnesota in 1932. He and wifewith their ten-year-old son are now Hy,ing at 765 Humboldt Street, DenverColorado, and he has his office at 924Republic Building. Medicine for Feb*ruary, 1934, carried his article on "Nar-colepsy."Elbert S. Parmenter, '18, MD'20lives at 523 First, Albena, Michigan'His specialty is internal medicine, andhis favorite recreation medical conventions. His children, Allen Elbert andJulie Ann, are now nine and five yearsold.In Corvallis, Oregon, N. L. Tartar.'18, MD'20, has established his genera!practice as physician and surgeon. Theproud possessor of a cabin in the Cascade Mountains, he likes to hunt andfish.1923Paul A. Quaintance, '20, MD, stillpractices surgery in Los Angeles, California. His offices are located at 2007Wilshire Boulevard.1924Benjamin M. Gasul, MD, 4505Manor, Chicago, Illinois, specializes inpediatrics. He is the author of "TheFeeding of Healthy and Sick Infantsand Children," published by F. A. DavisCompany, Philadelphia, and is a member of the Chicago Medical, ChicagoPediatric and Chicago Tuberculosis Societies as well as of Convenant Club. Heis married and has two girls, GloriaRita, 7, and Sandra Dale, 2. He goesin for motion pictures and swimming.Engaged in general and plastic surgery in Compton, California, ClarenceC. Reed, MD, is an instructor in surgery at the University of Southern California Medical School and attendingsurgeon in plastic surgery for the LosAngeles General Hospital. For hishobby he chooses colored amateur moving pictures.1925Edward W. Griffey, '22, MD, reports that his new location is 1022 Medical Arts Building, Houston, Texas. Hispractice is limited to ophthalmology."An Eventful Year in the Orient"and "He Who Always Wins" are products of the pen of Richard H. Pousma,MD, of Rehoboth, New Mexico, whogives rifle and revolver shooting alongwith bear hunting as his best likedsports. He is a member and past president of the McKinley County MedicalSociety. A married man, he has twochildren, Yvonne Helen, 10, and AnnShirley, 5.Wilson Stegeman, '19, MD'25, livesin Crescent City, California, where hecarries on his practice and is medicaldirector and chief-of-staff of the KnoppHospital. He is a fellow of the American College of Surgeons. Many a sparehour he spends just outside of the citylimits doing steelhead and salmon fishing.THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 411926"After graduation from Rush MedicalCollege," reads the note from JulianM. Bruner, '22, MD, "I had four yearsadditional training as a Fellow in Surgery at the Mayo Clinic (1927 to 1931)and one year of post graduate work insurgery at St. Bartholomews and St.Thomas Hospitals, London, England(entire year 1932)." In January, 1932,he married Winifred Mary Burns. Dr.Bruner is president of the Universityof Chicago Alumni Club of Des Moines,Iowa, this year. He goes in for photography, having published several articles on clinical photography, and enjoysmountain climbing and skiing.1927The University of Chicago Press lastyear published "A Terminology ofOperations of the University of ChicagoClinics," by Hilger P. Jenkins, '23,MD'27. Surgery, general and plastic,is his specialty. He is a member ofthe American College of Surgeons, aswell as of the Chicago and IllinoisMedical Societies.1929Dorothea Phillips, '27, and Daniel R. Cunningham, MD, have alovely home at 1003 Michigan Avenue,Wilmette. They have two children,Myles, M4, and Daniel S., 2y2. Dr.Cunningham has offices in Evanston aswell as Wilmette. He is clinical assistant in surgery at Northwestern University Medical School and historian ofthe Evanston branch of the ChicagoMedical Society.D. L. Stormont, PhD'25, MD, ispracticing internal medicine in Evanston and the north shore. Golf andantique collecting are his favorite pastimes.1930Charles Baron's twins, RonaldBennett and Joyce Melvia, celebratedtheir third birthday the 21st day ofJuly. Runner up in the singles andco-title holder of the doubles at the localtennis club, Baron woefully announces,"The old legs are going back, however." General practitioner, he is theonly professional member of the Northern Kentucky Amateur Symphony Orchestra and is concert-master of thesecond violin section. He was a partyto its inception three years ago. It isconducted by Fritz Bruck, 'cellist inthe Cincinnati Symphony Orchestra.Earl C. Henrickson, MD, who recently became associated with Dr. PaulGeissler, orthopedics, 1945 MedicalArts Building, Minneapolis, is alsokeeping up an outlying office at 48thand Chicago Avenue, South, in Minneapolis. The University of Minnesotaawarded him an MS in surgery in 1935.He adds: "Herbert Gaston, MD,whom I saw this, summer on a stop offat Detroit while on a Great Lakescruise from Duluth to Buffalo, has offices in the Fisher Building, Detroit,and is specializing in obstetrics and gynecology. He has recently built himself a very nice new home in Detroit."The town of Ambur lies in the southof India, about one hundred miles inland from the east coast city of Madra.To the Lutheran Hospital in this nativesettlement of 15,000, have gone NorbertLeckband, MD, and his wife, MetaSchrader Leckband, to devote theirlives to medical mission service. Herethey face the problem of ministering tothe physical needs of nearly 60,000 persons. Multiplying their difficulties, according to Dr. Leckband, will be insufficient supplies of medicine, the unsanitary conditions under which the nativeslive, and the mental attitude of thepeople.Paul J. Patchen, MD, physicianand surgeon, has a general practice inChicago. A year ago this November,the Patchen family moved to their newresidence at 2536 East 73rd Street.Father Patchen has given considerablethought to entering his five-year-oldson in the Class of '52.An exhaustive study on Psoriasiswith its modern treatment, the result ofthe research of F. F. Schwartz, MD,611 Plum Street, Fairport Harbor,Ohio, has been published in the Junenumber of the Medical Record.His hobbies are painting and writing.F. C. Spencer, MD, 65 Young Bldg.,Honolulu, specializes in obstetrics andgynecology. •William M. Weiner, MD, is locatedin San Francisco, where he specializesin obstetrics and gynecology, and is anassistant in obstetrics and gynecologyat the University of California MedicalSchool.Milton Wolpert, MD, of Third andCarolina, Chester, West Virginia, isanticipating a six months post graduatetrip abroad for surgery in the spring.1931Marcus T. Block, MD, writes from177 Bloomfield Avenue, Newark, NewJersey, where he practices medicine. Inthe blank for his hobbies he has jotteddown poker and scotch and for hisfavorite sport golf and beer. His nameis on the membership list of the EssexCounty Medical Society, Essex CountyAnatomical and Pathological Society,Emerald Club, Plunkett's Associationand Hartley's Association. He wasmarried in 1932 to Frances E. McBrideand has a daughter by the name of JaneAudrey.Gene H. Kistler, '28, MD, announces the opening of offices for thepractice of surgery, 409 Medical ArtsBuilding, Chattanooga, Tennessee.Robert Sherman Baldwin, '27,MD '32, is at the Marshfield Clinic,Marshfield, Wisconsin. He marriedDr. Elizabeth Reddeman in 1935."Just a country doctor," writes E.Gray Caskey, MD, Main Street, Mineral Ridge, Ohio. Married in 1932 toRose E. Kirbirde, their first daughter,Patricia Ann, was born in HighlandPark, Illinois, and their second, MaryAlice, was born in Youngstown, Ohio. CATERERJOSEPH H. BIGGSFine Catering in all its branches50 East Huron StreetTel. Sup. 0900—0901Retail Deliveries Daily and SundaysQuality and Service Since 1882CHEMICAL ENGINEERSAlbert K. Epstein, '12B. R. Harris, '2 1Epstein, Reynolds and HarrisConsulting Chemists and Engineers5 S. Wabash Ave. ChicagoTel. Cent. 4285-6COALJAMES COAL CO.ESTABLISHED 1 888YARDS58th & Halsted Sts. Phone Normal 28008 Ist & Wallace Sts. Phone Radcliffe 8000COFFEE -TEALa Touraine Coffee Co.IMPORTERS AND ROASTERS OFLA TOURAINECOFFEE AND TEA209- 1 3 MILWAUKEE AVE., CHICAGOat Lake and Canal Sts.Phone State 1 350Boston— New York — Philadelphia— SyracuseELECTRIC SIGNSELECTRIC SIGNADVERTISINGFEDERAL ELECTRIC COMPANYCLAUDE NEON FEDERAL CO.225 North Michigan AvenueW. D. Kruplce, '19Vice-president in Charge of SalesFLOWERS^^^^r.^/A* Q CHICAGOWr Established 1865\z/^T FLOWERSPhones Plaza 6444, 64451 364 East 53 rd Street42 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEBLACKSTONEHALLanExclusive Women's Hotelin theUniversity of Chicago DistrictOffering Graceful Living to University and Business Women atModerate TariffBLACKSTONE HALL5748 TelephoneBlackstone Ave. Plaza 3313Verna P. Werner, DirectorJor £c...mieal Tr.ntfOrt.tl.n/CHEVROIFISALES SERVICEJ. D. Levin '19 Pres. 'PASSENGER CARS - TRUCKSModern Service StationDREXEL CHEVROLET CO.4733 Cottage GroveDREXEL 3121PRINTSOf the Cobb Hall FrontispieceA Drawing by Clay KellyMay be obtained in Black andWhite Lithograph, 10x12 inchesat $1.00 or with Gray WaxedFinish Frame, 151/2xl81/2 inchesat $3.00.On Sale At TheUniversity of Chicago Book Store— Or —The Studio of the Artist,Clay Kelly, 1542 E. 57th St.AREERS IN INSURANCE FOR_ OLLEGE GRADUATES ~NATIONALCOLLEGIATE PERSONNEL BUREAUThe Penn Mutual Life Insurance CompanyIndependence Square • Philadelphia The University Alumni in Wuchang, Chinapose for a picture. The group includesI Hu, AM '26, PhD '28; Beh Kang Chen,SM '28, PhD '31; John Ch'uan Fang Lo,PhD '35; Andrew Tsung-Kao Yieh, PhD'34; Arthur Shu Yuan Chen, AM '30;Miss Ming Hsin Tang; and Miss Grace D.Phillips, AM '18, DB '23.MASTERS1921Ellis M. Studebaker, AM, who hasbeen president of LaVerne College,California, since 1923, was recentlyelected president of the Pacific Southwest Association of Colleges and Universities for the year 1936-37. He enjoys lecturing on education as well asreligious subjects and likes golf forexercise.1922On October first Abraham J. Harmsassumed the permanent pastorship ofthe First Baptist Church of Eugene,Oregon. As pastor of the Albany ParkBaptist Church of Chicago during thepast year his work was characterizedby financial and membership progress.More than 1,200 visitors from all partsof Chicago and the state registered asguests at services during the last tenmonths. He came to the Albany ParkChurch from the Northern Baptistseminary, Chicago, where for eightyears he headed the department ofChristian education.S. S. Shearer, SM, of the facultyof the State Teachers College of Ship-pensburg, Pennsylvania, has recentlybeen elected national president of thePhi Sigma Pi, a national honor fraternity for men in teacher training institutions. His official title is professorof biology and chairman of the sciencedepartment. His leisure time he oftendevotes to field study — biology andgeology, and hiking in the AlleghenyMountains.1925Harry B. Ebersole, AM, historyprofessor, has been at Marquette, Michigan, since January, 1926, teachingprospective teachers European Historyat the Michigan State Teachers Collegelocated there.Amy Irene Moore, AM, continuesto supervise mathematics at MoreheadState Teachers College in Kentucky as she has been doing for the past foojyears. Treasurer of the American Asso%ciation of University Women, she alsoheads the broadcast committee of t]]gCollege. Her many and varied hobbieiinclude music, swimming, traveling^reading, mountain hiking, and campfii*cooking.1927Virginia Thornton Everett, AMhas been added to the English depart.ment of Westminster College, New WiLmington, Pennsylvania. Miss Everetthas done graduate work at ColumbiaUniversity and at the University ofChicago, where she was an English de-partment fellow in 1935-36. Her specialinterests have been in American Litera*ture and in Chaucer. She has almostcompleted her PhD degree at the University of Chicago. Her English workhas been supplemented by study inFrench, German, Italian, and Latin.Mildred Kerr, AM, is a librarian of.Middle Georgia College, Cochra^Georgia.This semester marks the beginningof the tenth year that Anna C. Larsoi^SM, has been teaching geography atthe St. Cloud (Minnesota) Stata>Teachers College. The past summer,she traveled south visiting places ofinterest in Colorado and New Mexico,including a visit to Carlsbad Cavernsand some of the mines east of that district and also attended the Universityof Colorado at Boulder during the second term of the session.1928From Seattle, Washington, MatRandall, AM, writes that she combines teaching English with doingguidance and remedial work with ththigh school pupils in the BroadwayHigh School.1929Carleton D. Speed, Jr., is presidentof the recently organized Speed OilCompany, 1411 Second National BankBuilding, Houston, Texas.1931In addition to holding the presidencyof the Mississppi State College, G. D.Humphrey, AM, is county superin*tendent of education, city superintenident of schools and state high schoolsupervisor. For recreation he turns tafishing and farm problems.1933Laura Kennedy, AM, writes from7 South McKinley Avenue, Athens,Ohio, that she is head of the EnglishDepartment in the Fairmont HighSchool of Dayton.1935When his work as superintendent ofthe public schools in Woodstock, Illinois,is finished for the day, W. J. ColahaN,AM, finds his relaxation in golfing,fishing, or stamp collecting.Raymond B. Dull, SM, is busy withhis new duties as a graduate assistantin physics at Pennsylvania State College.THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 43Robert A. Hall, Jr., AM, is working toward his doctor of philosophy decree in languages at the University ofChicago.D. C. McNaughton, AM, assistantprofessor at Eastern New MexicoJunior College in Portales, N. M.,teaches science and agriculture and hascharge of the survey courses in science.LAWAt the Boston meeting of the American Bar Association, held August24-28, 1936, the annual luncheon of thealumni , of the University of Chicagobrought out a lively and talkativeattendance. Among the Law Schoolalumni marked for special honor wereWilliam P. MacCracken, Jr., JD '11,letiring Secretary of the Association;George M. Morris, JD '15, Chairmanof the General Council ; W. E. Stanley,JD '14, Chairman of the Insurance Section, and Henry C. Shull, JD '16,Chairman of the Open Forum onBankruptcy.Martha McLendon, JD '27 ', was anactive advocate of holding the nextmeeting of the Association in KansasCity. Norris C. Bakke, JD '19, wascompelled to disclose that he is a candidate for Supreme Court Justice inColorado on the Democratic Ticket.Messrs. Hecker, O'Donnell, andHoughton shared honors as the oldestliving graduates, all 1909.There seemed to be agreement thatthe members of the faculty of the LawSchool would bring great pleasure tothe alumni if more frequent in attendance at the meetings of the Bar Association. It was said that possibly someprofit might even result to the facultymembers themselves from the contactsand ideas stimulated by such attendance.Those attending the luncheon were :Arnold R. Baar, '14, Norris C. Bakke,'19, Greta C. Coleman, '18, AliceGreenacre, '11, Harold F. Hecker,'09, Albert B. Houghton, '09, W. P.MacCracken, Jr., Tl, David F.Matchett, Jr., '35, Martha McLendon, '27, George R. Murray, '14, PaulO'Donnell, '09, Henry C. Shull, T6,George Siefkin, '17, W. E. Stanley,'13, and George M. Morris, '15.1913Roy M. Harmon, Tl, JD, and Calvin M. George, JD, announce the removal of their law offices to Suite 701,the Harris Trust Building, 111 WestMonroe Street, Chicago.1915At the recent meeting of the American Bar Association at Boston, GeorgeMaurice Morris, JD, was elected chairman of the House of Delegates of theAssociation. This is a new feature ofthe American Bar Association.The following paragraph from theAmerican Bar Association Journal givessome idea of the character of the newbody:"The House of Delegates organizes. President Ransom calls it 'a truly historic occasion in the life and historyof the legal profession in America.'The House in session furnishes the moststriking visible evidence of the organization under the Revised Constitution.The new Assembly looks much like theold Assembly. The House of Delegatesis an entirely new institution — a limitedbody of representatives. It is consciouscf its novel character and its importantfunctions. One sees there Hon. JohnW. Davis, one of the elected AssemblyDelegates, Hon. Homer Cummings, Attorney General of the United States andone of the members ex-officio. TheHouse gets down to business and functions as it was designed to function.Section and Committee recommendations are scanned with unusual thoroughness. Some are disapproved.Questions of Association policy aregiven careful attention. The House isrinding its way in some respects, but onthe whole its path is clear. It is newbut it has sprung full-arrrned from thebrain of the Association."The honor of being the first chairman of such an important body ranksMr. Morris near the top in the American Bar Association.1921William D. Campbell, LLB, LosiVngeles attorney and counselor at law,is the Republican nominee for Congressfrom the 14th Congressional District ofCalifornia.1923Allin H. Pierce, JD, lawyer, is associated with Carter Ledyard and Mil-burn, 2 Wall Street, New York. FromMarch, 1928, to January 1, 1936, hewas special attorney for the UnitedStates Treasury Department in Washington, D. C.1924Reuben S. Flacks, '23, JD'24, andWilliams L. Flacks, '33, JD'35, announce the removal of their law officesto Suite 1110 Otis Building, 10 SouthLaSalle Street, Chicago.1929Jacob Geffs, JD, holds a professorship in law at the University of Alabama.1930Albert J. Meserow, '28, JD, announces the removal of his office to 33North LaSalle Street, Chicago, wherehe will continue in the general practiceof law.1934J. Phillip Dunn, LLB, is practicinglaw at 503 News Tower, Rockford,Illinois, with Karl C. Williams, Harvard Law '26.Albert F. Hammann, Jr., '32, JD,and Mrs. Hammann (GeraldineLutes, JD) of 807 Reba Place, Evanston, are the fond parents of beautifultwin boys now one year old. FUNERAL DIRECTORH. D. LUDLOWFUNERAL DIRECTORFine Chapel with New Pipe OrganSEDAN AMBULANCETel. Fairfax 28616110 Cottage Grove Ave.FURNITURE POLISHV^^m^^ "Marvelous"mj NEVERUBB9Mr Cr.am D f| I I Q IIWBMmSffl Furniturt rULIOIIii^lIlP Brilliant, Lasting, Not Oily§§SH^xi§r Dilute with •qual watergHP|_ NO RUBBINGSold by: Fields, Davis Store, The Fair, andRetail Stores everywhere.GALLERIESO'BRIEN ~"GALLERIESPaintings Expertly RestoredNew life brought to treasured canvases. Our moderate prices will please.Estimates given without obligation.673 North MichiganSuperior 2279HOTELS"Famous for Food"Dancing and EntertainmentNightlyCircular CRYSTAL Barthe BREVOORT hotel120 W. Madison St. ChicagoLAUNDRIESMorgan Laundry Service, Inc.2330 Prairie Ave.Phone Calumet 7424Dormitory ServiceSUNSHINE LAUNDRYCOMPANYAll ServicesDry Cleaning2915 Cottage Grove Ave.Telephone Victory 5110THEBEST LAUNDRY andCLEANING COMPANYALL LAUNDRY SERVICESAlsoZoric System of Cleaning- : - Odorless Quality Cleaning - : -Phone Oakland 138344 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEDOCTORS OFPHILOSOPHYAmong the alumni who scaled theheights to the Alumni Office this summer were Jessie L. Jones, PhD'97, andher sister, Florence N. Jones, PhD'03,of Winter Park, Florida.1900Mary B. Harris has been superintendent of the Federal Industrial Institution for Women in Alderson, WestVirginia since its inception. Her book,"1 Knew Them! in Prison," was published this year.1917C. L. Kjerstad, AM'16, has resignedfrom his position as president of theState Teachers College, Dickinson,North Dakota and accepted a positionas associate professor of education atthe University of North Dakota, GrandForks, N. D. He had held the positionat Dickinson for the last seven years.1922O. E. Meinzer attended the meetingof the International Union of Geodesyand Geophysics at Edinburgh from September 17 to 26, and spent a short timeon the Continent of Europe studyingground water hydrology. Meinzer isin charge of the Division of GroundWater of the U. S. Geological Surveyin Washington, D. C.1926Alice M. Baldwin recently had herbook on "The Clergy of Connecticut inRevolutionary Days" published by theYale Press for the Tercentenary Commission of the State of Connecticut.Miss Baldwin is dean of women and associate professor of history at Woman'sCollege, Duke University, Durham,North Carolina.P. L. K. Gross, '22 SM'25, Box 92,Wrightwood, California, has acceptedan appointment at the Norton School,Claremont, California.Kenneth L. Hertel is professor andhead of the department of physics atthe University of Tennessee.Erma A. Smith, MD'33, is associateprofessor of physiology at Iowa StateCollege. Her chief interest right atpresent is politics as she is out to boostthe Republicans.Marion E. Stark, for some years anassistant professor at Wellesley College,has been promoted to the rank of anassociate professor of mathematics forthe year 1936-37.The National Committee on PublicEducation for Crime Control, of whichFrederic M. Thrasher, AM'18, ischairman^ collaborated with the Marchof Time in the preparation of one ofthe sequences in the 1936 issue, Number6, released in June, 1936. Mr. Thrasherwas able to persuade the March ofTime to change its plan of this sequencefrom an episode on "catching publicenemies," or "the lost generation," toone upon crime prevention. The crimeprevention sequence is designed to showthe beginning and development of acriminal career and is based largely upon his book "The Gang: A Study of1313 Gangs in Chicago," which waspublished in a new edition by the University of Chicago Press in October,1936. The emphasis of the picture isthe importance of the prevention ofcriminal careers and "nipping them inthe bud."Guy R. Vowles, professor of Germanat Davidson (North Carolina) College,and his son spent the summer in England, France and Germany.1928Harald G. O. Holck, '21, Department of Physiology ,~ became AssociateProfessor of Pharmacology in the College of Pharmacy at the University ofNebraska, Lincoln, the first of September.1929Lloyd V. Moore, AM'28, recommends pistol shooting for sport as "it'slots of fun and good for the nerves !"A member of the faculty of the University of Tulsa, he holds the officialtitle of professor of philosophy and religion.Paak-Shing Wu is councillor to theMayor of Canton, China.1930Professor of Sociology at the Skid-more College at Saratoga Springs,N. Y., Everett V. Stonequist was absent on leave during 1934-35 and spentthat year at the University of Hawaii,as visiting professor. He also got insome research on the race relations inHawaii and in the West Indies. A tennis enthusiast, Stonequist is presidentof the local chapter of A. A. U. P.1931Henriette DaCosta, '27, SM'29, hasresigned her position with the MidwestPhoto Company in Janesville to acceptan appointment with the Nutrition Research Laboratory, Oak Park.Willis L. Groenier, '25 SM'29, hasaccepted an appointment as instructorat Herzel Junior College, Chicago.Edmund L. Lind resigned his position with the Pure Oil Company in Chicago to accept an appointment on thefaculty of the Washington State NormalSchool at Ellensburg, Washington. Mrs.Lind is Ethel V. Everett, SM'28,PhD'31.Since receiving his doctor's degreein 1931', H. C. Witherington, '20AM'25, has been teaching in BowlingGreen State University, Bowling Green,Ohio. During the past fourteenmonths he has conducted both graduateand undergraduate courses in Education.1932James S. Machin is now on the staffof the Illinois Geological Survey atUrbana, Illinois.Clem O. Thompson, AM'20, Assistant Professor of Education at Chicago, has been appointed AssistantDean of University College.Arthur E. Traxler, AM'24, whohas been connected with the Laboratoryschools of the University of Chicagosince 1929 as remedial and research worker and psychologist, has acceptedthe position of Associate Director 0fthe Educational Records Bureau, NewYork City, of which Dr. Ben D. Woodis Director.1933Thomas C. Poulter, who was sec-ond in comsmand of the second Byrdantarctic expedition and the seniorscientist of the trip, recently assumedhis duties as director of the newlyestablished research foundation at Armour Institute of Technology.The foundation was created this yearas an aid to scientific investigation andresearch. At present it has two important projects: research in oil and thestudy of Indiana and Illinois coals. Lis expected that every phase of engineering, science and geophysics willcome under the program of the foundation eventually.Much of the scientific data gatheredby Dr. Poulter on the antarctic expedition is expected to be developed in thenew research foundation. The newdirector indicated that three to fiveyears of labor are necessary to completethis investigation.Dr. Poulter comes to Chicago fromCrawfordsville, Ind. He will make hishome at 1036 Hyde Park Boulevardwith his wife and four young sons.1934Nelson J. Anderson resigned hisappointment in the Waukegan Schoolsand is an instructor in chemistry atMontana State College, Bozeman.Gus B. Ulvin, SM'31, accepted a position last December as chief chemistand bacteriologist with Sidney Wanzerand Sons, Inc., 130 West GarfieldBoulevard, Chicago.After a very enjoyable and profitablesummer in England working in theBritish Museum, Celesta Wine hasreturned to the chairmanship of theEnglish Department of the Oak Park(Illinois) Junior College.1935E. L. Haenisch, '30, has changedhis position from instructor in chemistry at Montana State College (Bozeman, Montana) to assistant professor ofchemistry at Villanova College, Villanova, Pa.William Meredith Hugill is theauthor of a small volume published inSeptember by the University of ChicagoPress. The book is entitled, Panhel-lenism in Aristophanes and is a criticalstudy of the political propaganda contained in the comedies of that greatmaster of the comic stage in ImperialAthens. Mr. Hugill is assistant professor of Latin and Greek in the University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.Vernon D. Keeler, of Park College,Parkville, Missouri, is chairman of theDepartment of Business Administrationand Economics. At the same time hehas a professional practice as a marketing counselor. He recently acted as arepresentative of Park College at theHarvard Tercentenary Conference.Walter J. Wyatt has been appointedTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 45Associate professor of chemistry atWake Forest College, North Carolina.DIVINITY1892Melbourne P. Boynton, pastor ofthe Woodlawn Baptist Church, Chicago,has resigned his pastorate to take effectFebruary 7, 1937. At that time he willhave served the Woodlawn Church forthirty-nine years and five months.1897Ralph W. Hobbs, DB, is taking along enforced rest due to illness. Heand Mrs. Hobbs are settled at their oldChildhood home in Delavan, Wis.Bruce Kinney, DB, was retired fromthe service of the American BaptistHome Mission Society on May 1 at theage of seventy, after thirty-eight yearsof continuous service in its work. Hewill continue to live at his home inDenver for the present and do someWriting.1901Elijah A. Hanley, has resigned aspastor of the Park Baptist Church ofSt. Paul, Minnesota, after a ministrythere of nearly seven years. He attended the World Sunday School Convention at Oslo, Norway, last July.R. R. Wright, Jr., DB, AM'04,president of Wilberforce University,has been elected Bishop of the AfricanMethodist Episcopal Church.1905Allen Howard Godley has published a second edition of his well-known book, New Light on the OldTestament.1906George Clifford Cress is secretaryof the Ministers and Missionaries Benefit Board of the Northern BaptistConvention.Roy W. Merrifield, DB, is pastorof the Plymouth Congregational Church,May wood, Illinois.1907Herbert Francis Evans, DB, PhD'09, is professor and head of the Department of Religion in Whittier College,Whittier, California.G. E. Fogg, DB, has for the pasteleven years been connected with theSocial Science Department of the BayCity, Michigan, public schools.G. I. Hoover, DB, AM '08, generalsecretary of the Indiana Christian Missionary Association, was elected chairman of the State Committee on UnifiedPromotion for the Disciples during thepast year and was recently elected adirector of the Purdue Christian Foundation.1909Bruce E. Jackson, DB, is finishinghis twelfth year of service as Secretary of Field Activities, Northern Baptist Convention. His address is 152Madison Avenue, New York City.1911Clarence W. Kemper, AM, DB'12, recently concluded a very successfulsecond year in the pastor-ate of the FirstBaptist Church in Denver. Dr. Kemperv/as elected first vice-president of theColorado Council of Churches under theleadership of Bishop Ralph S. Cushman, of the Denver area of the Methodist Church, as president. Dr. Kempercompleted twenty-five years in the ministry, with a record of more than 2,500members received into his pastoratesand offerings passing $1,000,000.1913Donald T. Grey, '11, AM, DB'14,pastor of the Michigan Avenue BaptistChurch of Saginaw, Michigan, is gathering one of the largest collections ofreligious pictures in the country.1914C. C. McCown, PhD, is returningto the Pacific School of Religion,Berkeley, California, after serving asdirector of the American Schools ofOriental Research. He made clearanceof a painted tomb near Irbid in Trans-jordan, which is a unique example ofthird or fourth century (A.D.) art andof religious syncretism.1915Lorentz I. Hansen, AM, DB, hasbeen teaching at Boston University andhas been part-time pastor of the An-dover, Massachusetts, Baptist Church.Theophile J. Meek, PhD, is a trustee of the American Schools of Oriental Research and director of the American Oriental Society and member ofthe Executive Committee. His HaskellLectures on Hebrew Origins at OberlinCollege for 1933-34 are being publishedby Harpers. He has also published abook entitled Old Akkadian, Sumerianand Cappadocian Texts, and he has revised the Old Testament section of thenew edition of The Bible: An American Translation.Susan Wealthy Orvis, AM, is amember of the faculty of the SchaufHerCollege, Cleveland, Ohio.Mart Gary Smith, AM, DB, hasretired from the ministry on accountof his health. He and his family havemoved from Norton, Kansas, to Sum-merville, South Carolina.1916William R. Rigell, AM, is pastorof Central Baptist Church, JohnsonCity, Tennessee. He has published twobooks : Investments in Christian Living,in 1930, and Prophetic Preaching, in1936. Dr. Rigell is also a member ofthe State Mission Board.1917D. H. Sims, AM, has retired fromthe bishopric of the African MethodistEpiscopal Church.1919J. E. Hartzler, AM, has accepted aposition on the faculty of Hartford Theological Seminary, Hartford, Connecticut. He was formerly connected withthe Bonebrake Theological Seminary,Dayton, Ohio. LITHOGRAPHERL C. Mead '21. E. J. Chalifoux '22PHOTOPRESS, INC.Planograph — Offset — Printing731 Plymouth CourtWabash 8182MEDICAL EQUIPMENTCOMPLETE EQUIPMENTInstruments, Sundries and FurnitureforPhysicians, Dentists and HospitalsFrank S. Betz CompanyHammond, IndianaChicago Phone: Saginaw 4710MUSICRayner Dalheim & Co/A5JSICENGRAVERS & PRINTERSof FRATERNITY, SORORITYand UNIVERSITYof CHICAGO SONG BOOKSNO 0RDERT00 LARGE 0RT00 SMALL - WRITE FOR PRICES2054 W. LAKE ST. PHONE SEELEY 4710PAINTSGEORGE ERHARDTand SONS, Inc.Painting — Decorating — Wood Finishing3123 PhoneLake Street Kedzie 3186PHOTOGRAPHEHMOFFETT STUDIOCAMERA PORTRAITS OF QUALITY30 So. Michigan Blvd., Chicago . . State 8750OFFICIAL PHOTOGRAPHERU. of C. ALUMNIROOFINGGrove Roofing Co.(Gilliland)Old Roofs Repaired — New Roofs Put On25 Years at 6644 Cottage Grove Ave.Lowest Prices — Estimates FreeFairfax 3206PIANO INSTRUCTIONOLGA H. SCHAWETEACHER OF PIANOStudio— Del Prado Hotel5307 Hyde Park Blvd.For AppointmentPhone Hyde Park 960046 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE1921Archibald G. Baker, PhD, a member of the faculty of the Divinity Schoolof the University of Chicago, was honored by his old Alma Mater, McMasterUniversity, Hamilton, Ontario, at theSpring Convocation, with the honorarydegree of Doctor of Divinity.1923W. Paul Hollar, AM, is now minister at the Phillips Avenue Presbyterian Church, East Cleveland, Ohio.For six years pastor of the PlainCongregational Church, Bowling Green,Ohio, Fenton O. Fish, AM, recentlywent to the Mayflower CongregationalChurch, Columbus, Ohio.1926Virgil E. Foster, AM, after nearlyten years of service as minister of education at Bryn Mawr CommunityChurch, Chicago, accepted the positionof associate minister of the PilgrimCongregational Church, St. Louis, Missouri.Walter G. Letham, AM, pastor ofthe First Presbyterian Church of Muskogee, Oklahoma, for the past. sevenand a half years, received the honorarydegree of Doctor of Divinity from Missouri Valley College, Marshall, Missouri, on May 25.Edward W. McGlenen, Jr., has accepted the pastorate of the UnitarianChurch, Warwick, Massachusetts.Milton M. McGorrill, pastor of theFountain Street Baptist Church, GrandRapids, Michigan, received the honorarydegree of Doctor of Divinity from Kalamazoo College on June 16.1927Ivan G. Grimshaw, AM, is minister of education at Fairmont Presbyterian Church, Cleveland Heights, Ohio.1928Mervin M. Deems, PhD, has resigned his pastorate of the Second Congregational Church, Norway, Maine, tobecome a member of the faculty ofBangor Theological Seminary, Bangor,Maine. In addition to teaching coursesin church history, he will lecture onchurch polity and pastoral theology.Bernard Eugene Meland, DB,PhD'20, who recently concluded hisseventh year at Central College, Fayette, Missouri, has accepted a positionwith the Claremont Colleges as headof the department of religion in PomonaCollege, Claremont, California.1929William L. Young is president ofPark College, Parkville, Missouri.Stewart Grant Cole, PhD, professor of philosophy and psychology atCrozer Theological Seminary, Chester,Pennsylvania, has been appointed president of Kalamazoo College to succeedthe late Dr. Allan Hoben.George A. Singleton, AM, DB'30,was recently elected editor of theChristian Recorder, the official organ ofthe African Methodist EpiscopalChurch. 1930R. W. Schloerb, who is connectedwith the Hyde Park Baptist Church,leceived the honorary degree of Doctorof Divinity from his Alma Mater, KnoxCentral College, Naperville, Illinois, lastJune.1932Milton O. Beebe was recently promoted to the rank of lieutenant colonelin the Chaplains' Corps of the UnitedStates Army.Earle E. Em me, PhD, has recentlyv/ritten two new books and has beenelected chairman of psychology, IowaAcademy of Science.C. A. Nyland, AM, formerly locatedat Cicero, Illinois, has assumed the pastorate of the Mission Covenant Churchin Des Moines.Wallace Irving Wolverton, AM,PhD'34, who has been acting as chaplain for the CCC, has been promotedto a chaplaincy in the regular army.1933Rudolph Boeke recently accepted anew pastorate in Oost-Knollendam,North Holland.E. M. Harrison, who was for anumber of years on the faculty of Judson College, Rangoon, Burma, has beenserving as associate pastor at theWoodlawn Baptist Church, Chicago.When Dr. Boynton retires next February he will then be full pastor of theChurch.1934James G. DeLaVergne has beenpromoted to the rank of captain in theChaplains' Corps of the United StatesArmy.Emil K. Holzhauser, PhD, is now achaplain in the CCC.S. Marcus Houge is the minister of1he First Congregational Church, Austin, Texas.J. G. Koehler resigned his positionin the Normal Park Baptist Church ofChicago, to become pastor of the FirstBaptist Church in Benton Harbor,Michigan.Robert Sala, PhD, has been madeDean of Christian College, Columbia,Missouri.Professor of Old Testament at Nanking Theological Seminary, Hubert L.Sone also directs city church work inNanking. He was formerly at Huchow,Chekiang.Myles A. Vollmer is the assistantrector at St. John's Episcopal Church,Colonial Circle, Buffalo, New York.Since last May, Harold B. Walkerhas been at the First PresbyterianChurch at Utica, New York. Formerlyhe was at the Fullerton-Covenant Presbyterian Church, Chicago.1935Oscar T. Backlund, AM, is nowthe pastor at the Mission CovenantChurch of Salina, Kansas.Irvin E. Lunger, AM, DB'36, hasbeen granted a traveling fellowship bythe Disciples Divinity House for thisyear, 1936-37, in recognition of the excellence of his work. SOCIAL SERVICEThree publications recently off thepress are A Handbook for Social CaseRecording, another one of Mrs. Bristol's very useful handbooks for students ; The History of American Prisons, by Dr. Blake McKelvey, and TheTenements of Chicago, by Edith Abbott, which is the result of a long seriesof studies made by students of theSchool and the old School of Civics andPhilanthropy. The early studies havebeen brought down to date and MissAbbott has compiled them into a singlevolume.Among S.S.A. alumni and facultywho have been recently appointed inWashington, D. C, are Agnes VanDriel, who has been appointed head ofthe Educational Division of the PublicAssistance Section of the Social Security Board, Robert Beasley, AM'33,James Brunot, AM'32, Laurtn Hyde,AM'36, Ernest Witte, and PhyllisOsborn, AM'36, who are also with theSocial Security Board, and GenevieveGabower, AM'36, who has been madeChief Probation Officer of the JuvenileCourt of the District of Columbia, andKathryn Welch, AM'35, who is inthe Social Service Division of theUnited States Children's Bureau.Eleanor Goltz, AM'30, Instructorin Social Case Work, has resigned toaccept a position as Associate Professorin the Graduate Curriculum of SocialWork at the University of Michigan.Catherine Dunn, AM'30, Instructorin Social Case Work, has taken a leaveof absence for the year to teach CaseWork and help with the organization ofthe Field Work program in the SocialWork curriculum of the University ofCalifornia at Berkeley.Associate Professor CharlotteTowle gave courses in the School ofSocial Work of the University of Washington at Seattle during the second termof the Summer Quarter.Richard Eddy, AM'34, formerlyUnited States Probation Officer, Balti-more, Maryland; Naomi Markee,AM'33, formerly with the Children'sand Minor's Service of the Cook CountyBureau of Public Welfare; MurielHanson, formerly with the UnitedCharities of Pittsburgh, and VallieSmith, of the State Relief Program ofTennessee, have been appointed FieldWTork Assistants in the University ofChicago.Faith Johnson (Mrs. Lloyd Lauer),AM'36, is with the American RedCross, at the U. S. Naval Hospital inBremerton, Washington.Wallace Clark, Ph.B.'36, has gonefromi the American Red Cross at St.Louis to be Technical Consultant to theSuperintendent of the Division of Public Assistance of the State Board of Public Welfare at Springfield, Illinois.Students who received their A.M. degrees at the June and August convoca-THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO Mtions and their present positions includethe following :Ruth Mary Blackburn, MedicalSocial Worker, University of Iowa Hospital, Iowa City, Iowa.John Charnow, Assistant in theSchool of Social Service, University ofChicago.Mary Dunwiddie, SuperintendentCountry Home for Convalescent Crippled Children, Prince Crossing, Illinois.Gladys Fraser and Eva Iola Klaas,Children's Division, State Departmentof Public Welfare, Indianapolis.Hilda Hanson, County Administrator, Allegany Welfare Board, Cumberland, Maryland.Gertrude Hemphill, Medical SocialWorker, Social Service Department,Presbyterian Hospital, New York City.Merrill Krughoff, Director of theResearch Division of the Council of Social Agencies, Los Angeles, California.Dorothy Mack, Case Worker, Chicago Relief Administration.Winifred Morin, Supervisor in theDetroit, Michigan, Department of Public Welfare.Margaret Mosiman, Medical SocialWorker, Elizabeth Steel Magee Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.Marie Mueller, Children's Community Center, New Haven, Connecticut.Alice Little Nelson, Case Worker,United Charities, Chicago.Alice Padgett, Instructor in ChildWelfare and Assistant Editor, CatholicCharities Review, Catholic University.Washington, D. C.Helen Cox Renald, Case Worker,United Charities, Chicago.Audrey Sayman, Clinical Assistantin Psychiatric Service in Billings Hospital, University of Chicago.Marion Voces, Family Service Society, Akron, Ohio.Alice Louise V o i l a n d, CaseWorker, United Charities, Chicago.Henry Waltz, Delinquency Division, United States Children's Bureau,Washington, D. C.BORNTo Seth W. Slaughter, AM'18,DB '22, and Mrs. Slaughter, a son,Seth, Jr., on February 23, 1936, Lawrence, Kan.To Samuel H. Nerlove, '22, AM'23,and Mrs. Nerlove, a daughter, HarrietJane, August 7, 1936, Chicago.To Arnold Lieberman, '24, PhD'31,MD'28, and Mrs. Lieberman, a daughterMary Ellen, August 30, 1936, Garv,Indiana.To Victor Levine, '25, MD'29, andMrs. Levine (Wilhelmena Warner,27, AM'30), a son, Joseph Warner,July 7, 1936, Chicago.To D. L. Stormont, PhD'25, MD'29,and Mrs. Stormont, their third child,Richard Mansfield, April 4, 1936, Chicago.To James Louis Watson, '27, JD'29,and Mrs. Watson (Virginia Lane,30), a son, Robert Douglas, August 24,1936, Chicago. To Forest G. Wise, AM'29, andMrs. Wise, a daughter, Katherine Anne,May 22, 1936, Tacoma, Washington.To Everett V. Stonequist, PhD'30, and Mrs. Stonequist, a daughter,Martha Elisabeth, May 7, 1936, Saratoga Springs, New York.To Gtleert O. Gronhovd, MD'31,and Mrs. Gronhovd, twin boys, Richard Lynn and Robert Glen, October 3,1936, Ventura, California.Edmund L. Lind, PhD'31, and Mrs.Lind (Ethel V. Everett, SM'28, PhD'31) twin daughters, Nancy Jean andKaren Emelia, August 1, 1936, Chicago.To Mr. and Mrs. Lyle T. Pritchard(Priscilla Bishop, '31) of LaSalle,Illinois, a daughter, Priscilla Gould, atEvanston, Illinois, May 21, 1936.To Vernon R. DeYoung, MD U ofC '32, and Mrs. DeYoung, a son, Dirk,March 12, 1936, Chicago.To Everett E. Manes, AM'35, andMrs. Manes, a daughter, Joan, April27, 1936, Chicago.To Marvin Vandenbosch, '36, andMrs. Vandenbosch, a daughter, MaryElaine, September 4, 1936, Chicago.ENGAGEDLouise Quinn, '27, of Oak Parkto Wilbur A. Gorman of Chicago.Arthur J. Resnick, '32, to AnnetteViola Scheyer.Mary Elizabeth Kreuscher, '35, toJohn J. Bohnen.MARRIEDSumner Merrill Wells, Jr., '12,MD'14, to Minerva Mae Ford, October10, 1936, Grand Rapids, Michigan; athome after December 1, 66 College Avenue, N. E., Grand Rapids, Michigan.Nell Sawin, Assistant Professor ofInstitution Economics and Supervisorof Judson and Burton Courts at theUniversity of Chicago for five years, toA. B. Johnson, '25, March 24, 1936;they are now residing in Yankton,South Dakota.Lucile Jeanorette Smith, '27, AM'30, to Bruce P. Neil, June 13, 1936; athome, 5109 West Concord Place, Chicago, 111.Ann Elizabeth O'Brien, AM'34, toJohn J. McDonough, '28, September18, 1936, Lake Forest, Illinois ; at home,118 East Delaware Place, Chicago, 111.Helen M. Gillet, '29, to Robert B.Parsons, June 27, 1936; at home, 8123Maryland Avenue, Chicago.Mary Marjorie Williamson, '29,PhD'33, to Henry Pfeiffer Bruner,August 22, 1936, Bond Chapel. Athome, 6844 Jeffery Avenue, Chicago.Marian Badgley, '34, to RussellLyons, August 28, 1936, Flossmoor, Illinois; they are now located in NewHebron, Miss.Edith Annable, '30, AM'35, to Leslie Warren Chapman, August 8, 1936;at home, 27 Golden Street, Haverhill,Massachusetts.Ruth I. Foster, '30, to Harry L.Foster of Milwaukee, August 22, 1936,Chicago; at home, 4417 North Murray AGAZINE 47 RUGSAshjian Bros., inc.Oriental and DomesticRUGSCLEANED and REPAIRED2107 E. 71st St. Phone Dor. 0009SPORTING GOODSJ. B. Van Boskirk & SonsSporting Goods'Van" of Bartlett Gym1411 East 60th StreetMidway 7521Co mplete Tennis EquipmentSquash & BadmintonTEACHER'S AGENCIESAMERICAN COLLEGE BUREAU28 E. Jackson BoulevardChicagoA Bureau of Placement which limits itswork to the university and college field.It is affiliated with the Fisk TeachersAgency of Chicago, whose work covers allthe educational fields. Both organizationsassist in the appointment of administratorsas well as of teachers.THEHUGHES TEACHERS AGENCY25 E. JACKSON BLVD.Telephone Harrison 7793Chicago, III.Member National Associationof Teachers AgenciesWe Enjoy a Very Fine High School, NormalSchool, College and University PatronagePaul YatesjTates-Fisher Teachers' AgencjTEstablished 1906616 South Michigan Ave., ChicagoVENTILATINGThe Haines CompanyVentilating and Air ConditioningContractors1929-1937 West Lake St.Phones Seeley 2765-2766-2767X-RAY SUPPLIESX-RAY SUPPLIES& Accessories"At Your Service9Tel. Seeley 2550-51Geo. W. Brady & Co.809 So. Western Ave.48 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEAvenue, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.Juliana Allison Bond, ex '35, toJohn Drew Ridge, '30, SM'32, PhD'35, August 1, 1936, Williamsburg, Virginia ; at home 2121 New York Avenue,N. W., Washington, D. C.LaVora Louise Hinkel, '30, toGeorge E. Simpson, Jr., July 20, 1936;at home, 4 West Central Boulevard,Villa Park, Illinois.Elva F. Henicksman, '32, to TamesF. Regan, PhD'33, MD'34, July 11,1936; at home, 6319 Kenwood Avenue,Chicago.Alice Mary Baenziger, '33, toFrederick George Adams II, '32, August 13, 1936, Thorndike Hilton Chapel.Mr. and Mrs. Adamis will divide thewinter between Kansas City and St.Louis.Fawn McKay, AM'36, to BernardBrodie, '32, August 28, 1936, Chicago;at home, 6104 Woodlawn Avenue, Chicago.Daniel M. Dribin, '33, SM'34, PhD'36, to Tillie Horwitz, August 23, 1936,Chicago. Mr. and Mrs. Dribin are nowliving in Princeton, N. J., where he iscontinuing his research work in mathematics at Princeton University.George Cromwtell Ashman, Jr.* SM'34, to Lucile Hester on August 15,1936, in Peoria, Illinois.Lila Lorraine Lindsay, '34, to William W. Lange, August 17, 1936; athome, 2423 Dakin Street, Chicago, Illinois.Janis A. Van Cleef, '34, to AllenJ. Greenberg, August 9, 1936; after ahoneymoon in the White Mountains,Mr. and Mrs. Greenberg establishedtheir residence in Boston, Mass.Frances L. Adkins, a former S.SA.student, to Robert A. Hall, Jr., AM'35, August 31, 1936, at Dobbs Ferry,New York; at home, 5649 BlackstoneAvenue, Chicago.Philip C. Doolittle, '35, to AdelineKrejci, October 17, 1936, Chicago. Athome, 464iy2 Lake Park Ave., Chicago.DIEDJohn F. Pritchard, MD71, 90years old and a retired physician ofManitowoc, Wisconsin, May 17, 1936.Samuel James Winegar, 79, DB'82,a Baptist pastor in the Middle Westuntil his health failed and then businessman, died March 5, 1936, Chicago.James Loring Cheney, DB'81, Baptist minister in Cleveland, Ohio, diedJune 5, 1936, East Cleveland, Ohio.Glenn M. Hammon, MD'81, 79years old, October 10, 1936, Sunland,California. After graduating from RushMedical College, Dr. Hammond was aninstructor there for ten years in diseasesof the chest, nose, and throat. He practiced medicine in Chicago for thirtyyears before moving to Californiatwenty years ago.Elmore Sloan Pettyjohn, MD'82,who began the practice of medicine inChicago more than half a century ago,died October 6, 1936, in Milford, Ohio.Dr. Pettyjohn was the director of the Alma, Michigan, sanitarium and professor of mental and nervous diseases atthe Post Graduate Medical School. In1926, he retired from active practice.Charles Blim, MD'88, 77 years old,who had practiced medicine in Crete, Illinois, for nearly fifty years, died October 9, 1936.Franklin T. Wilcox, MD'90, 70years old, one of La Porte's most prominent physicians, died September 13,1936, from a heart ailment. He hadpracticed medicine in La Porte for 45years, representing the fourth generation of his family to practice medicine.Otto Henry Gerdes,-MD'92, passedaway June 29, 1936, following a lingering illness. He had practiced in Eureka, South Dakota, for forty-threeyears and was a true country doctor inevery sense of the word as physician,confidant, and advisor to all his patients.William Marcus Young, DB'92,Baptist Missionary in Burma for overforty years, died April 8, 1936, in LosAngeles, California.Andrew N. Fox, '96, of 475 CottageAvenue, Glen Ellyn, former advertising-manager for Benjamin Electric Manufacturing Company, died October 13,1936. Before entering the advertisingbusiness, he taught German at the Chicago Theological Seminary for a number of years. He was one of the organizers and first presidents of the Executive Club of Chicago.Chauncey Peter Colegrove, AM'96,educator, lecturer, and author, died athis home, 1079 North Marengo Ave.,Pasadena, Calif., on June 5, 1936. Formany years he was head of the department of education and vice-president ofthe Iowa State Teachers College andalso was president of Upper Iowa University for some time.William R. Bishop, '97, retiredteacher, passed away very suddenly onMarch 3, 1936, at his home in SanDiego, California.William English Walling, '97,September 12, 1936, Amsterdam, Holland. Author of many books, he wasone of the founders of the Intercollegiate Socialist Society, the Women'sTrade Union League, and the executivedirector of the Labor Chest for Reliefand Liberation of Workers of Europe.Henry Lawrence Schoolcraft,PhD'99, July 23, 1936. After someyears as professor of history at the University of Illinois, he engaged in thereal estate business in Chicago fromabout 1908 to 1918. Since his retirement he had resided in Clearwater,Florida.Monroe M. Ghent, MD'01, May 6,1936, St. Paul, Minnesota. He hadpracticed medicine and surgery in St.Paul for the last thirty-five years.Myron Lucius Ashley, PhD'01, 71years old, who for twenty- four yearswas a professor of psychology at theChicago Normal College, August 19,1936, in Irvington, Alabama. He hadlived in Irvington since his retirementfrom the college faculty in 1929. Dr. W. H. Jamieson, MD'10, 59, fortwenty-five years an Ottawa physician,a member of the Ottawa grade schoolboard and president of the staff of Ry-burn King Hospital, died August 9,1936, Madison, Wisconsin.Roy J. Maddigan, ex' 10, September24, 1936, Chicago. Assistant managerof the Chicago branch office of the Connecticut General Life Insurance Company, he was president of the ChicagoAlumni Club last year.Charles Schott, '07, MDT0, 51years old, specialist in children's diseases, died October 1, 1936, Chicago.Since 1911 he had been head of thechildren's department of St. Joseph'sHospital. He also was a member of thestaff of the Children's Memorial Hospital.Jesse S. Dancey, AM'll, clergyman,April 14, 1936, Keokuk, Iowa. Since1930, he has been minister of the Methodist Episcopal Church at Ames, Iowa.Karl Fenton Keefer, '11, died suddenly August 18, 1936, at St. Luke'sHospital, Chicago. He was vice president of Curtiss Candy Company of Chicago, world's largest makers of candybars, which he and Otto Y. Schneringbecame connected with in 1917 and builtup to its present greatness.Harriet G. Abbott, ex' 14, June 29,1936, Detroit, Michigan.Roy Brooks Whitehead, '15, chiefgeologist of Atlantic Oil ProducingCompany, Dallas, Texas, died in GraceHospital, Detroit, Michigan, July 1,1936.A. James Larkin, MD'16, August20, 1936, Chicago. Radium specialistand medical director of the Radio Service Corporation, he was also a memberof the staff of St. Francis Hospital, Evanston.John R. Sproehnle, '20, presidentof a watch case company at 28 EastMadison Street, Chicago, died suddenlyin his home at 4722 South GreenwoodAvenue, Chicago, August 21, 1936. Hewas 38 years old.Newman A. Dumont, JD'21, 39years old, Chicago attorney, died September 30, 1936. He was past commander of the Naval post of the AmericanLegion.Harry Singer, '19, MD'21, a member of the staffs of the Cook CountyHospital, the University of Illinois Research Hospital, died at his home, 516Roscoe Street, Chicago, August 21,1936.Aubrey Chester Grubb, PhD'21,July 29, 1936. He had been connectedwith the University of Saskatchewanas professor of chemistry for manyyears.Elizabeth Gerhardt, '24, September 12, 1936, Oklahoma City, Okla. Shehad been a teacher at Shawnee, Oklahoma for a number of years.E. Weaver Campbell, LLB'29, diedJuly 27, 1936, while on a business tripto Cleveland. His home was in LosAngeles, California.OttWobe* t\»e:rig ht^ean .our ?at\ieaircoa-fiora?that A"**"^ve £asse8" «r teiu ^lect Labota1 $//»«*--toConsult telephone directory for address of Name .Graybar branch in your city, or mail coupon toGraybar Electric Co., Graybar Building, New AddreiYork, N. Y. for details on WeBtern ElectricAudiphone and name of nearest dealer. InCanada: Northern Electric Co., Ltd. City.... ..County.. ....State..© 1956, Liggett & Myers Tobacco Cc